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degradation of estrogens by laccase from myceliophthora thermophila in fed-batch and enzymatic membrane reactors.several studies reported that natural and synthetic estrogens are the major contributors to the estrogenic activity associated with the effluents of wastewater treatment plants. the ability of the enzyme laccase to degrade these compounds in batch experiments has been demonstrated in previous studies. nevertheless, information is scarce regarding in vitro degradation of estrogens in continuous enzymatic bioreactors. the present work constitutes an important step forward for the implementation of ...201222342900
selection of thermophilic and thermotolerant fungi for the production of cellulases and xylanases under solid-state fermentation.twenty-seven thermophilic and thermotolerant fungal strains were isolated from soil, decaying organic matter and sugarcane piles based on their ability to grow at 45°c on medium containing corn straw and cardboard as carbon sources. these fungi were identified in the genera aspergillus, thermomyces, myceliophthora, thermomucor and candida. the majority of the isolated strains produced xylanase and cellulases under solid state fermentation (ssf). the highest cellulase and xylanase productions wer ...201224031929
obtaining biobleached eucalyptus cellulose fibres by using various enzyme combinations.various combinations of laccases, xylanase and cellulase were used to biobleach cellulose fibres from eucalyptus. the trametes villosa and myceliophthora thermophila laccases were used in combination with violuric acid (va(tvl) system) and methyl syringate (mes(mtl) system), respectively, as mediator. a dissimilar mode of action of the two systems was found: the va(tvl) treatment released both hexenuronic acids and lignin, whereas the mes(mtl) released lignin alone. pulp properties were further ...201323218295
laccase-mediated coupling of nonpolar chains for the hydrophobization of lignocellulose.we investigate the use of laccase enzymes to couple short nonpolar chains containing aromatic groups onto flax fibers and nanofibrillated cellulose (nfc) with different lignin contents. trametes villosa , pycnoporus cinnabarinus , and myceliophthora thermophila were used to facilitate surface coupling and to produce materials with different levels of hydrophobicity. heat treatment of fiber webs after lacccase-mediated coupling markedly increased the resistance to water absorption. the highest hy ...201323570533
polymerisation of kraft lignin from black liquors by laccase from myceliophthora thermophila: effect of operational conditions and black liquor origin.the capacity of laccase from myceliophthora thermophila to promote the oxidative polymerisation of kraft lignin (kl) was evaluated in several conditions of ph, temperature, enzyme dosage and treatment time. moreover, different black liquors from the kraft cooking of eucalyptus globulus and mixture of pinus pinaster/e. globulus were evaluated in order to determine the effect of the kl source on the polymerisation reaction. furthermore, one of these black liquors was fractionated by sequential org ...201323360704
the influence of the primary and secondary xanthan structure on the enzymatic hydrolysis of the xanthan backbone.differently modified xanthans, varying in degree of acetylation and/or pyruvylation were incubated with the experimental cellulase mixture c1-g1 from myceliophthora thermophila c1. the ionic strength and/or temperature of the xanthan solutions were varied, to obtain different xanthan conformations. the exact conformation at the selected incubation conditions was determined by circular dichroism. the xanthan degradation was analyzed by size exclusion chromatography. it was shown that at a fixed x ...201323911459
understanding pulp delignification by laccase-mediator systems through isolation and characterization of lignin-carbohydrate complexes.the effects and mechanism of pulp delignification by laccases in the presence of redox mediators have been investigated on unbleached eucalyptus kraft pulp treated with laccases from pycnoporus cinnabarinus (pcl) and myceliophthora thermophila (mtl) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (hbt) and methyl syringate (mes) as mediators, respectively. determination of the corrected κ number in eucalyptus pulps after the enzymatic treatments revealed that the pcl-hbt system exhibited a more remarkable delignific ...201323841747
scaffold nucleoporins nup188 and nup192 share structural and functional properties with nuclear transport receptors.nucleocytoplasmic transport is mediated by nuclear pore complexes (npcs) embedded in the nuclear envelope. about 30 different proteins (nucleoporins, nups) arrange around a central eightfold rotational axis to build the modular npc. nup188 and nup192 are related and evolutionary conserved, large nucleoporins that are part of the npc scaffold. here we determine the structure of nup188. the protein folds into an extended stack of helices where an n-terminal 130 kda segment forms an intricate close ...201323795296
membraneless glucose/oxygen enzymatic fuel cells using redox hydrogel films containing carbon nanotubes.co-immobilisation of three separate multiple blue copper oxygenases, a myceliophthora thermophila laccase, a streptomyces coelicolor laccase and a myrothecium verrucaria bilirubin oxidase, with an [os(2,2'-bipyridine)2 (polyvinylimidazole)10cl](+/2+) redox polymer in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) on graphite electrodes results in enzyme electrodes that produce current densities above 0.5 ma cm(-2) for oxygen reduction at an applied potential of 0 v versus ag/agcl. fully ...201323788272
two novel gh11 endo-xylanases from myceliophthora thermophila c1 act differently toward soluble and insoluble xylans.two novel gh11 endo-xylanases from myceliophthora thermophila c1 (c1), xyl7 and xyl8, were purified and the influence of solubility and molecular structure of various xylans on their efficiency was investigated. both endo-xylanases were hindered by a high degree of substitution of a xylan. the two gh11 xylanases released different products from the xylans, in which xyl7 displayed a degradation product composition closer to gh10 xylanases. a correlation of the degradation product composition with ...201323683701
cloning, expression and characterization of an ethanol tolerant gh3 β-glucosidase from myceliophthora thermophila.the β-glucosidase gene bgl3a from myceliophthora thermophila, member of the fungal glycosyl hydrolase (gh) family 3, was cloned and expressed in pichia pastoris. the mature β-glucosidase gene, which results after the excision of one intron and the secreting signal peptide, was placed under the control of the strong alcohol oxidase promoter (aox1) in the plasmid ppiczαc. the recombinant enzyme (90 kda) was purified and characterized in order to evaluate its biotechnological potential. recombinant ...201323638383
potential of autochthonous fungal strains isolated from contaminated soils for degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls.up to now, most studies on polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) bioremediation have examined the ability of model fungal strains to biodegrade pcbs. yet, there is limited information concerning the potential of autochthonous filamentous fungal strains in the biodegradation of pcbs and their possible use in the environmental technologies. in this study, we investigated the capacity of autochthonous fungal strains in the biodegradation of pcbs by isolating 24 taxa from former industrial sites highly con ...201323622721
cloning, expression, and characterization of a thermostable gh7 endoglucanase from myceliophthora thermophila capable of high-consistency enzymatic liquefaction.an endoglucanase gene from the thermophilic fungus myceliophthora thermophila, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 7, was functionally expressed in methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the putative endoglucanase from the genomic dna was successfully cloned in p. pastoris x-33 and the recombinant enzyme was purified to its homogeneity (65 kda) and subsequently characterized. substrate specificity analysis revealed that the enzyme exhibits high activity on substrates containing β-1,4-glyc ...201423615741
cleavage and synthesis function of high and low redox potential laccases towards 4-morpholinoaniline and aminated as well as chlorinated phenols.laccases are able to mediate both cleavage and synthesis processes. the basis for this dual reaction capability lies in the property of the enzyme laccase to oxidize phenolic, and to some extent non-phenolic substances, to reactive radicals which can undergo on the one hand separations of small substitutents or large molecule parts from the parent compound and on the other hand coupling reactions with other radicals or molecules which are not themselves oxidizable by laccase. the cleavage of the ...201423715853
genomic insights into the fungal lignocellulolytic system of myceliophthora thermophila.the microbial conversion of solid cellulosic biomass to liquid biofuels may provide a renewable energy source for transportation fuels. cellulolytic fungi represent a promising group of organisms, as they have evolved complex systems for adaptation to their natural habitat. the filamentous fungus myceliophthora thermophila constitutes an exceptionally powerful cellulolytic microorganism that synthesizes a complete set of enzymes necessary for the breakdown of plant cell wall. the genome of this ...201424995002
filamentous fungi and media for cellulase production in solid state cultures.cellulase production was evaluated in two reference strains (t. reesei rut-c30 and t. reesei qm9414), two strains isolated from a sugarcane cultivation area (trichoderma sp. ipt778 and t. harzianum rifai ipt821) and one strain isolated in a program for biodiversity preservation in são paulo state (myceliophthora thermophila m77). solid state cultures were performed using sugarcane bagasse (c), wheat bran (w) and/or soybean bran (s). the highest fpa was 10.6 u/gdm for m77 in sc (10:90) at 80% moi ...201424948946
production of cellobiose dehydrogenase from a newly isolated white rot fungus termitomyces sp. oe147.class i cellobiose dehydrogenases (cdhs) are extracellular hemoflavo enzymes produced at low levels by the basidiomycetes (white rot fungi). in presence of suitable electron acceptors, e.g., cytochrome c, 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol, or metal ions, it oxidizes cellobiose to cellobionolactone. a stringent requirement for disaccharides makes cdh also useful for conversion of lactose to lactobionic acid, an important ingredient in pharma and detergent industry. in this work, class i cdh was produ ...201424929309
transcriptome and exoproteome analysis of utilization of plant-derived biomass by myceliophthora thermophila.myceliophthora thermophila is a thermophilic fungus whose genome encodes a wide range of carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazymes) involved in plant biomass degradation. such enzymes have potential applications in turning different kinds of lignocellulosic feedstock into sugar precursors for biofuels and chemicals. the present study examined and compared the transcriptomes and exoproteomes of m. thermophila during cultivation on different types of complex biomass to gain insight into how its secrete ...201424881579
autochthonous ascomycetes in depollution of polychlorinated biphenyls contaminated soil and sediment.we investigated the capacity of a consortium of ascomycetous strains, doratomyces nanus, doratomyces purpureofuscus, doratomyces verrucisporus, myceliophthora thermophila, phoma eupyrena and thermoascus crustaceus in the mycoremediation of historically contaminated soil and sediment by polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). analyses of 15 pcb concentrations in three mesocosms containing soil from which the fungal strains had previously been isolated, revealed significant pcb depletions of 16.9% for t ...201424880600
stability and kinetic behavior of immobilized laccase from myceliophthora thermophila in the presence of the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate.the use of ionic liquids (ils) as reaction media for enzymatic reactions has increased their potential because they can improve enzyme activity and stability. kinetic and stability properties of immobilized commercial laccase from myceliophthora thermophila in the water-soluble il 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([emim][etso4 ]) have been studied and compared with free laccase. laccase immobilization was carried out by covalent binding on glyoxyl-agarose beads. the immobilization yield ...201424692305
pretreatment with laccase and a phenolic mediator degrades lignin and enhances saccharification of eucalyptus feedstock.biofuel production from lignocellulosic material is hampered by biomass recalcitrance towards enzymatic hydrolysis due to the compact architecture of the plant cell wall and the presence of lignin. the purpose of this work is to study the ability of an industrially available laccase-mediator system to modify and remove lignin during pretreatment of wood (eucalyptus globulus) feedstock, thus improving saccharification, and to analyze the chemical modifications produced in the whole material and e ...201424401177
laccase-catalysed oxidation of ferulic acid and ethyl ferulate in aqueous medium: a green procedure for the synthesis of new compounds.the enzymatic oxidation of ferulic acid (fa) and ethyl ferulate (ef) with myceliophthora thermophila laccase, as biocatalyst, was performed in aqueous medium using an eco-friendly procedure to synthesize new active molecules. first, the commercial laccase was ultrafiltrated allowing for the elimination of phenolic contaminants and increasing the specific activity by a factor of 2. then, kinetic parameters of this laccase were determined for both substrates (fa, ef), indicating a higher substrate ...201424128582
enzymatic synthesis of model substrates recognized by glucuronoyl esterases from podospora anserina and myceliophthora thermophila.glucuronoyl esterases (ges) are recently discovered enzymes that are suggested to cleave the ester bond between lignin alcohols and xylan-bound 4-o-methyl-d-glucuronic acid. although their potential use for enhanced enzymatic biomass degradation and synthesis of valuable chemicals renders them attractive research targets for biotechnological applications, the difficulty to purify natural fractions of lignin-carbohydrate complexes hampers the characterization of fungal ges. in this work, we repor ...201424531271
enhancement of synthetic trichoderma-based enzyme mixtures for biomass conversion with an alternative family 5 glycosyl hydrolase from sporotrichum thermophile.enzymatic conversion of lignocellulosic materials to fermentable sugars is a limiting step in the production of biofuels from biomass. we show here that combining enzymes from different microbial sources is one way to identify superior enzymes. extracts of the thermophilic fungus sporotrichum thermophile (synonym myceliophthora thermophila) gave synergistic release of glucose (glc) and xylose (xyl) from pretreated corn stover when combined with an 8-component synthetic cocktail of enzymes from t ...201425295862
characterization of an acetyl esterase from myceliophthora thermophila c1 able to deacetylate xanthan.screening of eight carbohydrate acetyl esterases for their activity towards xanthan resulted in the recognition of one active esterase. axe3, a cazy family ce1 acetyl xylan esterase originating from myceliophthora thermophila c1, removed 31% of all acetyl groups present in xanthan after a 48 h incubation. axe3 activity towards xanthan was only observed when xanthan molecules were in the disordered conformation. optimal performance towards xanthan was observed at 53 °c in the complete absence of ...201425037346
determination of specificity and biochemical characteristics of neutral protease isolated from myceliophthora thermophila.proteases hydrolyze polypeptides to release peptides and/or amino acids. this subclass of enzymes is among those with the most sales worldwide, particularly those produced by microorganisms. proteases may be applied in the several industries, including the food industry, leather, detergents, and bioremediation. myceliophthora thermophila protease was produced by a submerged bioprocess and then purified 185-fold by anion exchange and hydrophobic chromatography with a 37% yield. the molecular mass ...201526279477
heterologous expression and characterization of a gh3 β-glucosidase from thermophilic fungi myceliophthora thermophila in pichia pastoris.a novel β-glucosidase of glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 3 from myceliophthora thermophila (mtbgl3b) was successfully expressed in pichia pastoris. the full-length gene consists of 2613 bp nucleotides encoding a protein of 870 amino acids. mtbgl3b showed maximum activity at ph 5.0 and remained more than 70 % relative activity at 3.5-6.0. the enzyme displayed the highest activity at 60 °c and kept about 90 % relative activity for 50-65 °c; besides, the enzyme showed psychrophilic trait and remain ...201526234435
discovery of the combined oxidative cleavage of plant xylan and cellulose by a new fungal polysaccharide monooxygenase.many agricultural and industrial food by-products are rich in cellulose and xylan. their enzymatic degradation into monosaccharides is seen as a basis for the production of biofuels and bio-based chemicals. lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (lpmos) constitute a group of recently discovered enzymes, classified as the auxiliary activity subgroups aa9, aa10, aa11 and aa13 in the cazy database. lpmos cleave cellulose, chitin, starch and β-(1 → 4)-linked substituted and non-substituted glucosyl uni ...201526185526
enhancing xylanase production in the thermophilic fungus myceliophthora thermophila by homologous overexpression of mtxyr1.the xylanase regulator 1 protein in myceliophthora thermophila atcc42464 (mtxyr1) is 60 % homologous with that of trichoderma reesei. however, mtxyr1's regulatory role on cellulolytic and xylanolytic genes in m. thermophila is unknown. herein, mtxyr1 was overexpressed under the control of the mtppdc (pyruvate decarboxylase) promoter. compared with the wild type, the extracellular xylanase activities of the transformant cultured in non-inducing and inducing media for 120 h were 25.19- and 9.04-fo ...201526173497
characterization and application of a novel class ii thermophilic peroxidase from myceliophthora thermophila in biosynthesis of polycatechol.a peroxidase from the thermophilic fungus myceliophthora thermophila that belongs to ascomycete class ii based on peroxibase classification was functionally expressed in methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the putative peroxidase from the genomic dna was successfully cloned in p. pastoris x-33 under the transcriptional control of the alcohol oxidase (aox1) promoter. the heterologous production was greatly enhanced by the addition of hemin with a titer of 0.41 u ml(-1) peroxidase activity at th ...201526047916
properties of enzyme preparations and homogeneous enzymes - endoglucanases eg2 penicillium verruculosum and lam myceliophthora thermophila.the genes of endoglucanases eg2 (36.2 kda) penicillium verruculosum and lam (30.8 kda) myceliophthora thermophila were cloned in p. verruculosum recombinant strain. new enzyme preparations with highly stable activity against β-glucan and laminarin were obtained and investigated, homogeneous enzymes eg2 (ec 3.2.1.4) and lam (ec 3.2.1.6) being purified and characterized. for β-glucan, the eg2 km value was found to be 10 times higher than that for lam; however, eg2 demonstrated greater processivity ...201525869365
functional analysis of two l-arabinose transporters from filamentous fungi reveals promising characteristics for improved pentose utilization in saccharomyces cerevisiae.limited uptake is one of the bottlenecks for l-arabinose fermentation from lignocellulosic hydrolysates in engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae. this study characterized two novel l-arabinose transporters, lat-1 from neurospora crassa and mtlat-1 from myceliophthora thermophila. although the two proteins share high identity (about 83%), they display different substrate specificities. sugar transport assays using the s. cerevisiae strain eby.vw4000 indicated that lat-1 accepts a broad substrate sp ...201525841015
enhancing cellulase production in thermophilic fungus myceliophthora thermophila atcc42464 by rna interference of cre1 gene expression.the role of cre1 in a thermophilic fungus, myceliophthora thermophila atcc42464, was studied using rna interference. in the cre1-silenced strain c88, the filter paper hydrolyzing activity and β-1,4-endoglucanase activity were 3.76-, and 1.31-fold higher, respectively, than those in the parental strain when the strains were cultured in inducing medium for 6 days. the activities of β-1,4-exoglucanase and cellobiase were 2.64-, and 5.59-fold higher, respectively, than those in the parental strain w ...201525824435
atomic structure of the y complex of the nuclear pore.the nuclear pore complex (npc) is the principal gateway for transport into and out of the nucleus. selectivity is achieved through the hydrogel-like core of the npc. the structural integrity of the npc depends on ~15 architectural proteins, which are organized in distinct subcomplexes to form the >40-mda ring-like structure. here we present the 4.1-å crystal structure of a heterotetrameric core element ('hub') of the y complex, the essential npc building block, from myceliophthora thermophila. u ...201525822992
thermophilic fungi as new sources for production of cellulases and xylanases with potential use in sugarcane bagasse saccharification.to obtain new cellulases and xylanases from thermophilic fungi; evaluate their potential for sugarcane bagasse saccharification.201525644433
glucoamylases from penicillium verruculosum and myceliophthora thermophila: analysis of differences in activity against polymeric substrates based on 3d model structures of the intact enzymes.two glucoamylases, a recombinant enzyme from penicillium verruculosum (pvgla) heterologously expressed in penicillium canescens rn3-11-7 (niad-) strain and a native glucoamylase from myceliophthora thermophila (mtgla), were purified and their properties were studied. mtgla displayed 2-5-fold higher specific activities against soluble starch, amylose and amylopectin than pvgla. mtgla also provided higher glucose yields in extended hydrolysis of the polymeric substrates. analysis of 3d model struc ...201525541341
effect of mutations on the thermostability of aspergillus aculeatus β-1,4-galactanase.new variants of β-1,4-galactanase from the mesophilic organism aspergillus aculeatus were designed using the structure of β-1,4-galactanase from the thermophile organism myceliophthora thermophila as a template. some of the variants were generated using propka 3.0, a validated pka prediction tool, to test its usefulness as an enzyme design tool. the propka designed variants were d182n and s185d/q188t, g104d/a156r. variants y295f and g306a were designed by a consensus approach, as a complementary ...201525941560
enhanced biological straw saccharification through coculturing of lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms.lignocellulosic waste (lcw) is an abundant, low-cost, and inedible substrate for the induction of lignocellulolytic enzymes for cellulosic bioethanol production using an efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical biological approach. in this study, 30 different lignocellulose-degrading bacterial and 18 fungal isolates were quantitatively screened individually for the saccharification of four different ball-milled straw substrates: wheat, rice, sugarcane, and pea straw. rice and sugarcan ...201525724976
development of genetic tools for myceliophthora thermophila.the thermophilic filamentous fungus myceliophthora thermophila has many suitable characteristics for industrial biotechnology and could be a promising new chassis system for synthetic biology, particularly the atcc 42464 strain, whose genome was sequenced in 2011. however, metabolic engineering of this strain using genetic approaches has not been reported owing to a lack of genetic tools for this organism.201526013561
myceliophthora thermophila syn. sporotrichum thermophile: a thermophilic mould of biotechnological potential.myceliophthora thermophila syn. sporotrichum thermophile is a ubiquitous thermophilic mould with a strong ability to degrade organic matter during optimal growth at 45 °c. both genome analysis and experimental data have suggested that the mould is capable of hydrolyzing all major polysaccharides found in biomass. the mould is able to secrete a large number of hydrolytic enzymes (cellulases, laccases, xylanases, pectinases, lipases, phytases and some other miscellaneous enzymes) employed in vario ...201625025273
structure and regulation of the chromatin remodeller iswi.iswi is a member of the swi2/snf2 family of chromatin remodellers, which also includes snf2, chd1, and ino80. iswi is the catalytic subunit of several chromatin remodelling complexes, which mobilize nucleosomes along genomic dna, promoting replication progression, transcription repression, heterochromatin formation, and many other nuclear processes. the atpase motor of iswi is an autonomous remodelling machine, whereas its carboxy (c)-terminal hand-sand-slide (hss) domain functions in binding ex ...201627919072
myceliophthora thermophila m77 utilizes hydrolytic and oxidative mechanisms to deconstruct biomass.biomass is abundant, renewable and useful for biofuel production as well as chemical priming for plastics and composites. deconstruction of biomass by enzymes is perceived as recalcitrant while an inclusive breakdown mechanism remains to be discovered. fungi such as myceliophthora thermophila m77 appear to decompose natural biomass sources quite well. this work reports on this fungus fermentation property while producing cellulolytic enzymes using natural biomass substrates. little hydrolytic ac ...201627807811
efficacy and safety of itraconazole use in infants.itraconazole has been used to treat fungal infections, in particular invasive fungal infections in infants or neonates in many countries.201627286691
discovery of a xylooligosaccharide oxidase from myceliophthora thermophila c1.by inspection of the predicted proteome of the fungus myceliophthora thermophila c1 for vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (vao)-type flavoprotein oxidases, a putative oligosaccharide oxidase was identified. by homologous expression and subsequent purification, the respective protein could be obtained. the protein was found to contain a bicovalently bound fad cofactor. by screening a large number of carbohydrates, several mono- and oligosaccharides could be identified as substrates. the enzyme exhibits a ...201627629413
lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases from myceliophthora thermophila c1 differ in substrate preference and reducing agent specificity.lytic polysaccharide monooxgygenases (lpmos) are known to boost the hydrolytic breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass, especially cellulose, due to their oxidative mechanism. for their activity, lpmos require an electron donor for reducing the divalent copper cofactor. lpmo activities are mainly investigated with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, but little is known about the effect of plant-derived reducing agents on lpmos activity.201627588039
structure of chromatin remodeler swi2/snf2 in the resting state.swi2/snf2 family proteins regulate a myriad of nucleic acid transactions by sliding, removing and reconstructing nucleosomes in eukaryotic cells. they contain two reca-like core domains, which couple atp hydrolysis and dna translocation to chromatin remodeling. here we report the crystal structure of snf2 from the yeast myceliophthora thermophila. the data show the two reca-like core domains of snf2 stacking together and twisting their atp-binding motifs away from each other, thus explaining the ...201627399259
isolation of homogeneous polysaccharide monooxygenases from fungal sources and investigation of their synergism with cellulases when acting on cellulose.lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (pmo) discovered several years ago are enzymes classified as oxidoreductases. in nature, they participate in microbial degradation of cellulose together with cellulases that belong to the hydrolytic type of enzymes (class of hydrolases). three pmo from ascomycetes - thielavia terrestris, trichoderma reesei, and myceliophthora thermophila - were isolated and purified to homogeneous state using various types of chromatography. the first two enzymes are recombina ...201627297903
a thermostable gh26 endo-β-mannanase from myceliophthora thermophila capable of enhancing lignocellulose degradation.the endomannanase gene em26a from the thermophilic fungus myceliophthora thermophila, belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 26, was functionally expressed in the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. the putative endomannanase, dubbed mtman26a, was purified to homogeneity (60 kda) and subsequently characterized. the optimum ph and temperature for the enzymatic activity of mtman26a were 6.0 and 60 °c, respectively. mtman26a showed high specific activity against konjac glucomannan and carob ...201627193267
bioconversion of biomass-derived phenols catalyzed by myceliophthora thermophila laccase.biomass-derived phenols have recently arisen as an attractive alternative for building blocks to be used in synthetic applications, due to their widespread availability as an abundant renewable resource. in the present paper, commercial laccase from the thermophilic fungus myceliophthora thermophila was used to bioconvert phenol monomers, namely catechol, pyrogallol and gallic acid in water. the resulting products from catechol and gallic acid were polymers that were partially characterized in r ...201627128897
development of thermophilic tailor-made enzyme mixtures for the bioconversion of agricultural and forest residues.even though the main components of all lignocellulosic feedstocks include cellulose, hemicellulose, as well as the protective lignin matrix, there are some differences in structure, such as in hardwoods and softwoods, which may influence the degradability of the materials. under this view, various types of biomass might require a minimal set of enzymes that has to be tailor-made. partially defined complex mixtures that are currently commercially used are not adapted to efficiently degrade differ ...201626909078
functional evolution in orthologous cell-encoded rna-dependent rna polymerases.many eukaryotic organisms encode more than one rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) that probably emerged as a result of gene duplication. such rdrp paralogs often participate in distinct rna silencing pathways and show characteristic repertoires of enzymatic activities in vitro however, to what extent members of individual paralogous groups can undergo functional changes during speciation remains an open question. we show that orthologs of qde-1, an rdrp component of the quelling pathway in neur ...201626907693
saccharification of ozonated sugarcane bagasse using enzymes from myceliophthora thermophila jcp 1-4 for sugars release and ethanol production.the saccharification of ozonated sugarcane bagasse (scb) by enzymes from myceliophthora thermophila jcp 1-4 was studied. fungal enzymes provided slightly higher sugar release than commercial enzymes, working at 50°c. sugar release increased with temperature increase. kinetic studies showed remarkable glucose release (4.99 g/l, 3%w/w dry matter) at 60°c, 8 h of hydrolysis, using an enzyme load of 10 fpu (filter paper unit). fpase and β-glucosidase activities increased during saccharification (284 ...201626773948
increasing the lignin yield of the alkaline polyol pulping process by treating black liquor with laccases of myceliophthora thermophila.the alkaline polyol pulping process separates cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass by dissolving lignin to a great extent. due to the pulping conditions the dissolved lignin depolymerises and only 75% can be precipitated. to increase this amount, a 24 h reaction of laccases of myceliophthora thermophila with lignin dissolved in black liquor of the alkapolp process was investigated. the influence of ph, temperature, enzyme concentration and partial oxygen pressure was examined in a batch stirre ...201626722808
assessing the use of nanoimmobilized laccases to remove micropollutants from wastewater.enzymes immobilization is a useful way to allow enzyme reuse and increase their stability. a high redox potential laccase from trametes versicolor (tvl) and a low redox potential, but commercially available low-cost laccase from myceliophthora thermophila (mtl), were successfully immobilized and co-immobilized onto fumed silica nanoparticles (fsnp). enzyme loads of 1.78 ± 0.07, 0.69 ± 0.03, and 1.10 ± 0.01 u/mg fsnp were attained for the optimal doses of tvl, mtl, and co-immobilized laccases, re ...201626490891
n-linked glycans are an important component of the processive machinery of cellobiohydrolases.cellobiohydrolases (cbhs), belonging to glycoside hydrolase families 6 and 7 (gh6 and gh7), are the major components of cellulase systems of filamentous fungi involved in biodegradation of cellulose in nature. previous studies demonstrated that n-linked glycans in the catalytic domains of gh7 cbhs significantly affect the enzyme activity against cellulosic substrates. the influence of n-linked glycans on the activity and processivity of recombinant gh6 cbh ii from penicillium verruculosum (pvcel ...201727856189
box-behnken analysis and storage of spray-dried collagenolytic proteases from myceliophthora thermophila submerged bioprocess.enzymes do not have long-term storage stability in soluble forms, thus drying methods could minimize the loss of enzymatic activity, the spray dryer removes water under high temperatures and little time. the aims of this study were to improve the stability of enzymatic extract from myceliophthora thermophila for potential applications in industry and to evaluate the best conditions to remove the water by spray drying technique. the parameters were tested according to box-behnken and evaluated by ...201728278111
the role of the secondary coordination sphere in a fungal polysaccharide monooxygenase.polysaccharide monooxygenases (pmos) are secreted metalloenzymes that catalyze the oxidative degradation of polysaccharides in a copper-, oxygen-, and reductant-dependent manner. cellulose-active fungal pmos degrade cellulosic substrates to be utilized as a carbon source for fungal growth. to gain insight into the pmo mechanism, the role of conserved residues in the copper coordination sphere was investigated. here, we report active-site hydrogen-bonding motifs in the secondary copper coordinati ...201728257189
optimized synthesis of novel prenyl ferulate performed by feruloyl esterases from myceliophthora thermophila in microemulsions.five feruloyl esterases (faes; ec 3.1.1.73), faea1, faea2, faeb1, and faeb2 from myceliophthora thermophila c1 and mtfae1a from m. thermophila atcc 42464, were tested for their ability to catalyze the transesterification of vinyl ferulate (vfa) with prenol in detergentless microemulsions. reaction conditions were optimized investigating parameters such as the medium composition, the substrate concentration, the enzyme load, the ph, the temperature, and agitation. faeb2 offered the highest transe ...201728078397
development of a genome-editing crispr/cas9 system in thermophilic fungal myceliophthora species and its application to hyper-cellulase production strain engineering.over the past 3 years, the crispr/cas9 system has revolutionized the field of genome engineering. however, its application has not yet been validated in thermophilic fungi. myceliophthora thermophila, an important thermophilic biomass-degrading fungus, has attracted industrial interest for the production of efficient thermostable enzymes. genetic manipulation of myceliophthora is crucial for metabolic engineering and to unravel the mechanism of lignocellulose deconstruction. the lack of a powerf ...201728053662
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