Publications

ticks and tick-borne pathogens at the cutaneous interface: host defenses, tick countermeasures, and a suitable environment for pathogen establishment.	ticks are unique among hematophagous arthropods by continuous attachment to host skin and blood feeding for days; complexity and diversity of biologically active molecules differentially expressed in saliva of tick species; their ability to modulate the host defenses of pain and itch, hemostasis, inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, and wound healing; and, the diverse array of infectious agents they transmit. all of these interactions occur at the cutaneous interface in a complex sequence ...	2013	24312085
tick salivary compounds: their role in modulation of host defences and pathogen transmission.	ticks require blood meal to complete development and reproduction. multifunctional tick salivary glands play a pivotal role in tick feeding and transmission of pathogens. tick salivary molecules injected into the host modulate host defence responses to the benefit of the feeding ticks. to colonize tick organs, tick-borne microorganisms must overcome several barriers, i.e., tick gut membrane, tick immunity, and moulting. tick-borne pathogens co-evolved with their vectors and hosts and developed m ...	2013	23971008
distribution of tick-borne diseases in china.	as an important contributor to vector-borne diseases in china, in recent years, tick-borne diseases have attracted much attention because of their increasing incidence and consequent significant harm to livestock and human health. the most commonly observed human tick-borne diseases in china include lyme borreliosis (known as lyme disease in china), tick-borne encephalitis (known as forest encephalitis in china), crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (known as xinjiang hemorrhagic fever in china), q-f ...	2013	23617899
detection of anaplasma marginale in hyalomma asiaticum ticks by pcr assay.	a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was performed in this study to amplify the major surface protein 5 (msp5) gene from the genomic dna of anaplasma marginale in hyalomma asiaticum ticks by species-specific primers. sequence analysis showed that the msp5 gene was 643 bases long and that the pcr products from the samples had an identical sequence (jx507127). moreover, the blast showed that the sequence was identical to the msp5 sequences of a. marginale and most closely related to the a. marg ...	2013	23636309
complete genome sequences of two crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever viruses isolated in china.	here, we report the complete genome sequences of two crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) strains, 79121m18 and yl04057, isolated in xinjiang, china. sequence analysis showed that they represent a genotype of cchfv that has not been reported before.	2013	23908296
prevalence of ixodid ticks on cattle, sheep and goats in ilam county, ilam province, iran.	this survey was performed to find out the infestation rate of ixodidae ticks in domestic ruminants in ilam county during 21 march 2009 to 23 august 2009. sampling was performed in 25 villages and 15 animal farm from different areas of this county. a total of 1,316 ticks were collected from 416 cattle, 208 sheep and 147 goats. the overall prevalence of ticks was recorded: 43, 23.5, and 49/6 % in cattle, sheep, and goats respectively. the number of ticks that collected from cattle, sheep, and goat ...	2013	25698857
coevolutionary analyses of the relationships between piroplasmids and their hard tick hosts.	host-parasite coevolution is a key driver of biological diversity. to examine the evolutionary relationships between piroplasmids and their hard tick hosts, we calculated the molecular clock and conducted phylogenetic analyses of both groups. based on our results, we conclude that the divergence time of piroplasmids (∼56 mya) is later than divergence time of their hard tick hosts (∼86 mya). from analyses of the evolution of both piroplasmid and vector lineages and their association, we know that ...	2013	24101988
prevalence of tick infestation in dromedary camels (camelus dromedarius) brought for slaughter in mashhad abattoir, iran.	this study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of tick infestation and identify tick species that parasitize dromedary camels. since april 2012 through march 2013, a total of 400 camels that brought for slaughter in mashhad abattoir were examined for tick infestation. out of the total 400 camels examined, 237 were infested and annual prevalence of tick infestation 59.25 % (95 % ci 54-64) was calculated. the higher prevalence rates were found in the summer and spring, especially the sum ...	2013	26345051
extensive diversity of rickettsiales bacteria in two species of ticks from china and the evolution of the rickettsiales.	bacteria of the order rickettsiales (alphaproteobacteria) are obligate intracellular parasites that infect species from virtually every major eukaryotic lineage. several rickettsial genera harbor species that are significant emerging and re-emerging pathogens of humans. as species of rickettsiales are associated with an extremely diverse host range, a better understanding of the historical associations between these bacteria and their hosts will provide important information on their evolutionar ...	2014	25073875
assessment of four dna fragments (coi, 16s rdna, its2, 12s rdna) for species identification of the ixodida (acari: ixodida).	the 5' region of cytochrome oxidase i (coi) is the standard marker for dna barcoding. however, coi has proved to be of limited use in identifying some species, and for some taxa, the coding sequence is not efficiently amplified by pcr. these deficiencies lead to uncertainty as to whether coi is the most suitable barcoding fragment for species identification of ticks.	2014	24589289
sensitivity to permethrin in a dermacentor reticulatus population from eastern poland in laboratory study.	the action of chemical compounds on the palaearctic tick d. reticulatus (fabricius) (acari: amblyomminae) has been poorly investigated so far. therefore, the effects of application of permethrin on engorged d. reticulatus females have been assessed, and the survival rate for the different developmental stages of the tick species in its non-parasitic phase of the life cycle was determined upon application of the pyrethroid.	2014	24405550
[isolation of borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes from four counties, in north xinjiang].	to identify ticks and determine the borrelia (b.) burgdorferi genotype from four counties of northern xinjiang.	2014	24831623
pcr-based detection of theileria annulata in hyalomma asiaticum ticks in northwestern china.	this study aimed to detect theileria annulata infection using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification in hyalomma asiaticum ticks. sequence analysis showed that the 28 analyzed sequences obtained from 81 h. asiaticum ticks had an identical length and sequence which were closely related to that of t. annulata. this study is the first to report on the presence of t. annulata in h. asiaticum ticks in china.	2014	24252264
ixodidae ticks in cattle and sheep in sistan and baluchestan province (iran).	this survey was conducted to investigate the presence and abundance of hard tick species (acari: ixodidae) on cattle and sheep in sistan and baluchestan province (iran). between 2010 and 2011, a total of 1,403 ticks was collected from 332 infested cattle and 1,480 ticks were collected from 602 infested sheep during the seasons of tick activity. the species collected from cattle were hyalomma marginatum (46.04%), hyalomma excavatum (25.51%), hyalomma anatolicum (10.33%), hyalomma asiaticum (6.34% ...	2014	24715595
transcriptional activation of antioxidants may compensate for selenoprotein deficiencies in amblyomma maculatum (acari: ixodidae) injected with selk- or selm-dsrna.	the gulf-coast tick, amblyomma maculatum, possesses an elaborate set of selenoproteins, which prevent the deleterious effects from oxidative stress that would otherwise occur during feeding. in the current work, we examined the role of selenoprotein k (selk) and selenoprotein m (selm) in feeding a. maculatum by bioinformatics, transcriptional gene expression, rna interference and antioxidant assays. the transcriptional expression of selk did not vary significantly in salivary glands or midguts t ...	2014	24698418
survey on cattle ticks in nur, north of iran.	to survey the prevalence of cattle ticks in nur county and prepare a list of tick fauna in this district.	2014	25182439
laboratory identification of arthropod ectoparasites.	the collection, handling, identification, and reporting of ectoparasitic arthropods in clinical and reference diagnostic laboratories are discussed in this review. included are data on ticks, mites, lice, fleas, myiasis-causing flies, and bed bugs. the public health importance of these organisms is briefly discussed. the focus is on the morphological identification and proper handling and reporting of cases involving arthropod ectoparasites, particularly those encountered in the united states. o ...	2014	24396136
the salivary secretome of the biting midge, culicoides sonorensis.	culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous insects with over 1400 species distributed throughout the world. many of these species are of particular agricultural importance as primary vectors of bluetongue and schmallenberg viruses, yet little is known about culicoides genomics and proteomics. detailed studies of members from other blood-feeding dipteran families, including those of mosquito (culicidae) and black fly (simuliidae), have shown that protein components with ...	2014	24949243
unprecedented genomic diversity of rna viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense rna viruses.	although arthropods are important viral vectors, the biodiversity of arthropod viruses, as well as the role that arthropods have played in viral origins and evolution, is unclear. through rna sequencing of 70 arthropod species we discovered 112 novel viruses that appear to be ancestral to much of the documented genetic diversity of negative-sense rna viruses, a number of which are also present as endogenous genomic copies. with this greatly enriched diversity we revealed that arthropods contain ...	2015	25633976
a multiplex pcr/ldr assay for the simultaneous identification of category a infectious pathogens: agents of viral hemorrhagic fever and variola virus.	cdc designated category a infectious agents pose a major risk to national security and require special action for public health preparedness. they include viruses that cause viral hemorrhagic fever (vhf) syndrome as well as variola virus, the agent of smallpox. vhf is characterized by hemorrhage and fever with multi-organ failure leading to high morbidity and mortality. smallpox, a prior scourge, has been eradicated for decades, making it a particularly serious threat if released nefariously in ...	2015	26381398
emerging tick-borne infections in mainland china: an increasing public health threat.	since the beginning of the 1980s, 33 emerging tick-borne agents have been identified in mainland china, including eight species of spotted fever group rickettsiae, seven species in the family anaplasmataceae, six genospecies in the complex borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, 11 species of babesia, and the virus causing severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. in this review we have mapped the geographical distributions of human cases of infection. 15 of the 33 emerging tick-borne agents have be ...	2015	26453241
a broad-range survey of ticks from livestock in northern xinjiang: changes in tick distribution and the isolation of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto.	borreliosis is highly prevalent in xinjiang uygur autonomous region, china. however, little is known about the presence of borrelia pathogens in tick species in this region, in addition borrelia pathogens have not been isolated from domestic animals.	2015	26337627
identification of 24h ixodes scapularis immunogenic tick saliva proteins.	ixodes scapularis is arguably the most medically important tick species in the united states. this tick transmits 5 of the 14 human tick-borne disease (tbd) agents in the usa: borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma phagocytophilum, b. miyamotoi, babesia microti, and powassan virus disease. except for the powassan virus disease, i. scapularis-vectored tbd agents require more than 24h post attachment to be transmitted. this study describes identification of 24h immunogenic i. scapularis tick saliva prote ...	2015	25825233
prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks from eastern china.	to explore the tick distribution and prevalence of borrelia in zhejiang province, we performed a survey in nine sites. a total of 447 adult ticks of 11 species were captured and the dominant tick species were haemaphysalis longicornis and ixodes sinensis and the abundance of tick species in different areas varied significantly. overall, 4.70% of the ticks were polymerase chain reaction (pcr) positive for borrelia. the average pcr positive rates were 5.19% for h. longicornis, 3.45% for amblyomma ...	2015	25548382
the efficacies of 5 insecticides against hard ticks hyalomma asiaticum, haemaphysalis longicornis and rhipicephalus sanguineus.	at present, chemical-based tick control strategies are still the most efficient and widely used methods in control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. in this study, the efficacies of lambda-cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin, emamectin benzoate, spirotetramat and hexaflumuron in vitro were evaluated against hyalomma asiaticum, haemaphysalis longicornis and rhipicephalus sanguineus that are widespread and able to transmit a variety of human and animal diseases in china. the results showed that the lc ...	2015	26115939
crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus clade iv (asia 1) in ticks of western iran.	crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is transmitted through the bite of an infected tick, or by direct contact with cchfv-infected patients' blood or the products of infected livestock. in 2012, ticks were collected in eight regions of lorestan province, iran. in total, 434 ticks were collected. reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of cchfv rna. of 434 ticks, 419 (96.6%) ticks were from the family ixodidae (hard ticks) and 15 (3.5%) ticks were from ...	2015	26336221
hard ticks (ixodidae) and crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in south west of iran.	ticks are vectors of some important arthropod-borne diseases in both fields of veterinary and medicine, such as lyme, tularemia, rocky mountain spotted fever, and some types of encephalitis as well as crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf). iran is known as one of the main foci of cchf in west of asia. this study was conducted in darrehshahr county because of the development of animal husbandry in this area to detect the fauna and viral infection of the hard ticks of livestock. a cross-sectional ...	2015	25796025
first phylogenetic analysis of a crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus genome in naturally infected rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks (acari: ixodidae).	crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a potentially fatal systemic viral disease in many parts of the world, including iran. the nationwide incidence of human cchf in endemic areas was 870 confirmed cases with 126 deaths (case fatality rate, cfr = 17.6 %) in the decade leading to 2012. the detection of the cchf virus (cchfv) genome in tick vectors is of fundamental importance for identifying these ticks as potential reservoirs of cchfv infection. from may to october 2013, following detectio ...	2015	25742932
morphological characteristics of normal and gynandromorphic hyalomma asiaticum schulze and schlottke, 1930.	gynandromorphic ticks are extremely rare, and often attract parasitologists' attention. during our examination of tick specimens, an engorged gynandromorph of hyalomma asiaticum was noticed. this is the first record of gynandromorphic ticks from china. in this study, several important morphological structures of normal and gynandromorphic h. asiaticum were analyzed. comparing to the normal h. asiaticum, the gynandromorphic specimen was a typical bipartite protogynander. its right side showed nor ...	2015	26174833
anaplasma infection of bactrian camels (camelus bactrianus) and ticks in xinjiang, china.	to date, anaplasmosis has been reported to be a subclinical disease in indian and arabian one-humped camels (camelus dromedarius) and llamas (lama glama). however, no information on anaplasma infection in two-humped bactrian camels (camelus bactrianus) in china has been published to date. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anaplasma spp. in domestic bactrian camels and ticks in xinjiang, china.	2015	26055661
[first delection of borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto genotype from hyalomma asiaticum in karamay, xinjiang uygur autonomous region of china].		2015	26281627
divergent viruses discovered in arthropods and vertebrates revise the evolutionary history of the flaviviridae and related viruses.	viruses of the family flaviviridae are important pathogens of humans and other animals and are currently classified into four genera. to better understand their diversity, evolutionary history, and genomic flexibility, we used transcriptome sequencing (rna-seq) to search for the viruses related to the flaviviridae in a range of potential invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. accordingly, we recovered the full genomes of five segmented jingmenviruses and 12 distant relatives of the known flavivirida ...	2015	26491167
vectors of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus in iran.	ticks are important vectors and reservoirs of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) virus. human beings may be infected whenever the normal life cycle of the infected ticks on non-human vertebrate hosts is interrupted by the undesirable presence of humans in the cycle. a total of 26 species of argasid and ixodid ticks have been recorded in iran; including nine hyalomma, two rhipicephalus, two dermacentor, five haemaphysalis, two boophilus, one ixodes and two argas as well as three ornithodoros ...	2015	26623426
detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks from zhejiang province, china.	tick species distribution and prevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae (sfgr) in ticks were investigated in zhejiang province, china in 2010 and 2011. pcr was used to detect sfgr and positive amplicons were sequenced, compared to published sequences and phylogenic analysis was performed using mega 4.0. a total of 292 adult ticks of ten species were captured and 7.5 % (22/292) of the ticks were pcr-positive for sfg rickettsia. the pcr-positive rates were 5.5 % (6/110) for haemaphysalis longi ...	2015	25633265
rickettsia raoultii in haemaphysalis erinacei from marbled polecats, china-kazakhstan border.	we found rickettsia raoultii dna in 2 out of 32 (6.25 %) haemaphysalis erinacei ticks. result showed that the sequences of five genes (17-kda, glta, ompa, rrs, and ompb) were 100 % identity with that of r. raoultii in genbank. this study is the first report on the presence of r. raoultii in h. erinacei from wild marbled polecat, vormela peregusna. our findings suggest that h. erinacei parasitizing wild marbled polecat may serve as reservoir and carriers for r. raoultii in areas around the china- ...	2015	26383238
molecular survey of anaplasma species in small ruminants reveals the presence of novel strains closely related to a. phagocytophilum in tunisia.	a survey of anaplasma species in small ruminants is still lacking in north african countries. in this study, the presence of a. phagocytophilum, a. phagocytophilum-related species, and a. ovis was investigated in a total of 563 healthy small ruminants (303 goats and 260 sheep), from 25 randomly selected flocks sampled in tunisia. anaplasma spp. and a. ovis overall infection rates were 95.0% and 93.8% in sheep and 69.6% and 65.3% in goats, respectively. a. phagocytophilum was not detected in any ...	2015	26394065
a global genomic characterization of nairoviruses identifies nine discrete genogroups with distinctive structural characteristics and host-vector associations.	nairoviruses are primarily tick-borne bunyaviruses, some of which are known to cause mild-to-severe febrile illness in humans or livestock. we describe the genome sequences of 11 poorly characterized nairoviruses that have ecological associations with either birds (farallon, punta salinas, sapphire ii, zirqa, avalon, clo mor, taggert, and abu hammad viruses), rodents (qalyub and bandia viruses), or camels (dera ghazi khan virus). global phylogenetic analyses of proteins encoded in the l, m, and ...	2016	26903607
molecular detection of anaplasma spp. and ehrlichia spp. in ruminants from twelve provinces of china.	anaplasma spp. and ehrlichia spp. are tick-transmitted bacteria that are of significant economic importance as they can infect large and small ruminants and also people. there is little information on anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in ruminants in china. 16s rrna fret-qpcrs were used to screen convenience whole blood samples from 2,240 domestic ruminants in 12 provinces of china for anaplasma spp. and ehrlichia spp. positive samples were further analyzed with a standard pcr for the glta. anaplasm ...	2016	28096822
anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep and goats in central and southeastern china.	anaplasma phagocytophilum is wide spread throughout the world and impacts both human and animal health. several distinct ecological clusters and ecotypes of the agent have been established on the basis of various genetic loci. however, information on the genetic variability of a. phagocytophilum isolates in china represents a gap in knowledge. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic characterization of a. phagocytophilum in small ruminants in central and southeast ...	2016	27871295
specific histamine binding activity of a new lipocalin from hyalomma asiaticum (ixodidae) and therapeutic effects on allergic asthma in mice.	lipocalin proteins are secreted by tick salivary glands as an important strategy to interfere with the immune response of hosts. a large number of lipocalins are secreted, but the functions of most of these proteins are unclear. here, we report a new lipocalin protein with particular histamine binding capacity, which was isolated from the salivary glands of the tick hyalomma asiaticum.	2016	27639693
kampinos national park: a risk area for spotted fever group rickettsioses, central poland?	ixodid ticks are important vectors of a variety of bacterial and protozoan pathogens which cause infections in humans. in this study, altogether 1041 questing ixodes ricinus (n = 305) and dermacentor reticulatus ticks (n = 736), sympatrically occurring in kampinos national park (kpn), central-east poland, were analyzed by pcr for rickettsia species. overall, the pathogen prevalence in ticks was 27.5 % for i. ricinus and 42.8 % for d. reticulatus. sequencing analysis showed that the first tick sp ...	2016	27631765
evaluation of different nested pcrs for detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in ruminants and ticks.	anaplasma phagocytophilum is a causative agent of granulocytic anaplasmosis in mammals, which has a broad geographical distribution and a high degree of clinical diversity. currently, numerous pcr assays have been developed and used for the detection of a. phagocytophilum in various specimens. however, their performance varies. the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of five nested pcr assays by detection of 363 ruminant and tick samples, and to select the most appropriate methods ...	2016	26911835
[taxonomy of previously unclassified tamdy virus (tamv) (bunyaviridae, nairovirus) isolated from the hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum schülce et schlottke, 1929 (ixodidae, hyalomminae) in the middle east and transcaucasia].	complete genome sequencing of three tamdy (tamv) virus strains was carried out. the prototype strain tamv/leiv-1308uz was isolated for the very first time from the hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum schülce et schlottke, 1929 (ixodidae, hyalomminae) collected in the august 1971 from sheep in the arid area near namdybulak town (41 degrees 36' n, 64 degrees 39' e) in the tamdinsky district of the bukhara region (uzbekistan). tamv was revealed to be a prototype member of the new phylogenetic group within ...	2016	25069280
[genetic characterization of the wad medani virus (wmv) (reoviridae, orbivirus), isolated from the ticks hyalomma asiaticum schulze et schlottke, 1930 (ixodidae: hyalomminae) in turkmenistan, kazakhstan, and armenia and from the ticks h. anatolicum koch, 1844 in tajikistan].	near full-genome sequence of the wad medani virus (wmv) (strain leiv-8066tur) (orbivirus, reoviridae) isolated from the ticks hyalomma asiaticum schulze et schlottke, 1929, collected from sheep in baharly district in turkmenistan, was determined using next generation sequencing approach. the similarity of the rna-dependent rna-polymerase (pol, vp1) amino acid sequence between wmv and the kemerovo group orbiviruses (kemv), as well as of the baku virus (bakv), was 64%. the similarity of the conser ...	2016	25549464
[taxonomic status of the chim virus (chimv) (bunyaviridae, nairovirus, qalyub group) isolated from the ixodidae and argasidae ticks collected in the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus lichtenstein, 1823) (muridae, gerbillinae) burrows in uzbekistan and kazakhstan].	full-length genome of the chim virus (chimv) (strain leiv-858uz) was sequenced using the next-generation sequencing approach (id genbank: kf801656). the chimv/leiv-858uz was isolated from the ornithodoros tartakovskyi olenev, 1931 ticks collected in the great gerbil (rhombomys opimus lichtenstein, 1823) burrow in uzbekistan near chim town (kashkadarinsky region) in july of 1971. later, four more chimv strains were isolated from the o. tartakovskyi, o. papillipes birula, 1895, rhipicephalus turan ...	2016	25335414
survey on infection rate, vectors and molecular identification of theileria annulata in cattle from north west, iran.	tropical theileriosis is a progressive bovine lymphoproliferative disease caused by the intracellular protozoan parasite theileria annulata. in this study 138 blood samples and 289 ticks were collected and examined from cattle that belonged to 10 randomly selected flocks. the tbs-s/tbs-a primer set was used for pcr amplification of theileria spp. and the ta-s/tbs-a specific primer set was used in semi-nested pcr technique for detection of t. annulata. blood smears of each case were examined by g ...	2016	27605839
temporal and spatial distribution and species diversity of hard ticks (acari: ixodidae) in the eastern region of caspian sea.	ticks are important parasites because of their voracious blood-feeding activity, and being as vectors for various agents of diseases in both human and livestock. this study was conducted in a monthly schedule from october 2014 to december 2015, at 45 study sites in three regions bordering the caspian sea, according to the topography including hillside, plain and coastal areas in collecting ticks from the body of sheep. alfa and beta biodiversity indices were calculated and compared between the t ...	2016	27519473
prevalence of ixodid ticks on cattle and sheep northeast of iran.	a survey was carried out to investigate the prevalence of hard tick species (acari: ixodidae) on cattle and sheep north of iran. the aim of study was to determine the prevalence of hard ticks on cattle and sheep in the mountainous areas of golestan province and their geographical distribution. a total of 26 ticks were collected from 22 infested cattle and 26 ticks were collected from 12 infested sheep during activating seasons of ticks in 2013-2014. the species collected from cattle and sheep we ...	2016	27605782
cloning and expression of the 4d8 gene from hyalomma asiaticum tick.	hyalomma asiaticum tick, an important ectozoic parasite causes tickle, pain, anemia, weight loss, and paralysis in its hosts, which include humans, cattle, sheep, horses, camels, and hares. the 4d8 gene can be a potential vaccine candidate antigen for h. asiaticum. in the present study, we cloned and expressed the 4d8 gene of h. asiaticum from xinjiang province. primers were designed according to the h. asiaticum tick 4d8 gene sequence available in genbank. the gene was amplified by reverse tran ...	2016	27323189
an immunosuppressant peptide from the hard tick amblyomma variegatum.	ixodid ticks are well known for spreading transmitted tick-borne pathogens while being attached to their hosts for almost 1-2 weeks to obtain blood meals. thus, they must secrete many immunosuppressant factors to combat the hosts' immune system. in the present work, we investigated an immunosuppressant peptide of the hard tick amblyomma variegatum. this peptide, named amregulin, is composed of 40 residues with an amino acid sequence of hlhmhgngatqvfkprlvlkcpnaaqliqpgklqrqlllq. a cdna of the prec ...	2016	27153086
sero-epidemiological survey of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in tunisia.	crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne disease associated with a high case fatality rate and transmitted mainly by hyalomma marginatum. the geographical distribution of h. marginatum covers most of the western mediterranean basin. we aimed to investigate whether cchf virus (cchfv) is circulating in tunisia. samples from unexplained acute febrile patients (n = 181) and a high risk group of humans, mainly slaughter workers (n = 38), were collected in the summer of 2014 and analyzed ...	2016	26956221
evaluation on infectivity of babesia microti to domestic animals and ticks outside the ixodes genus.	babesiosis caused by babesia microti parasite is an emerging tick borne zoonotic disease that was confirmed recently in china. to understand the epidemiology characteristics of this emerging disease, infectivity of b. microti to domestic animals and ticks outside the genus ixodes was evaluated in this study. different domestic animals, chick, pig, goat, dog and the reference host rat were experimentally inoculated with b. microti-infected erythrocytes and the parasite infection was monitored dai ...	2017	29056929
distribution and phylogeny of hyalomma ticks (acari: ixodidae) in turkey.	the genus hyalomma includes some of the most medically and veterinarily important tick species in the world. to clarify and identify the current distribution of the species of hyalomma, field studies were conducted in 65 localities in turkey and five localities in cyprus. additionally, using mitochondrial 12s and 16s ribosomal dna, specimens of hyalomma from turkey, h. excavatum from cyprus, h. marginatum from spain and italy were evaluated together with the available sequences obtained from gen ...	2017	29177952
a new strain of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus isolated from xinjiang, china.	crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) is a highly pathogenic tick-borne virus with a fatality rate of up to 50% in humans. cchfv is widely distributed in countries around the world. outbreaks of cchfv infection in humans have occurred in prior years in xinjiang province, china. epidemiological surveys have detected cchfv rna in ticks and animals; however, few isolates were identified. in this study, we identified and isolated a new cchfv strain from hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum ticks col ...	2017	28251517
identification and anticoagulant activity of a novel kunitz-type protein ha11 from the salivary gland of the tick hyalomma asiaticum.	kunitz/bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor proteins are abundant in the salivary glands of ticks and perform multiple functions in blood feeding, including inhibiting blood coagulation, regulating host blood supply and disrupting host angiogenesis. in this study, we identified a novel gene designated ha11 (hyalomma asiaticum 11 kda protein) from the salivary gland of the tick h. asiaticum. ha11 is encoded by a gene with an open reading frame of 306 bp that is translated into a deduced 101 amino ...	2017	28091958
distribution and molecular characteristics of rickettsiae found in ticks across central mongolia.	little is known regarding tick-borne diseases in mongolia, despite having 26% of the population still living nomadic pastoral lifestyles. a total of 1497 adult unfed ticks: 261 ixodes persulcatus, 795 dermacentor nuttalli, and 441 hyalomma asiaticum, were collected from three ecologically distinct regions in central mongolia. tick pools (n = 299) containing ~5 ticks each, were tested for rickettsia and tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) using nested polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcrip ...	2017	28153052