Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| comparative studies of extracellular fungal laccases. | various basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, and deuteromycetes, grown in a sugar-rich liquid medium, were compared for laccase-producing ability and for the inducing effect of 2,5-xylidine on laccase production. clear stimulation of the extracellular enzyme formation by xylidine was obtained in the cultures of fomes annosus, pholiota mutabilis, pleurotus ostreatus, and trametes versicolor, whereas rhizoctonia praticola and botrytis cinerea were not affected by the xylidine, and in the case of podospora ... | 1984 | 16346649 |
| volumetric aerobiological survey of conidial fungi in the north-east netherlands. i. seasonal patterns and the influence of metereological variables. | in order to obtain actual data about the qualitative and quantitative occurrence of airborne fungi in the netherlands, a viable-volumetric sample survey with the andersen sampler was undertaken. from april 1981 to the end of june 1983, one day a week samples were taken on the unobstructed rooftop of a hospital in the n-e netherlands. an average of 268 colony forming units (cfu), per sample, per cubic metre of air were found. almost three-quarters of the total catch consisted of seven genera, cla ... | 1985 | 3887975 |
| extracellular proteinases of the isolate of botrytis cinerea virulent to apple tissues. | b. cinerea produces extracellular acid proteinases: aspartic proteinase and carboxypeptidase, separable on cm-sepharose cl-6b. aspartic proteinase showed the maximum activity at ph 2.5-3.0, was inactivated by diazoacetyl-dl-norleucine methyl ester and was unable to hydrolyse carbobenzoxy glu-tyr. carboxypeptidase showed the maximum activity at ph 4.7-5.0, was inactivated by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, and carbobenzoxy-glu-tyr served as an efficient enzyme substrate. the isolated aspartic protei ... | 1985 | 3898682 |
| plate assay for determining the time of production of protease, cellulase, and pectinases by germinating fungal spores. | a new method for detecting enzymes produced by fungal spores during germination is described here. with this method, the production of enzymes such as protease, cellulase, or pectinase can be correlated with the extent of spore germination. germination is studied in vitro on agar-based media containing protein, cellulose, or pectin. the spores are immobilized on a permeable membrane mounted on the substrate-containing medium. at various times after inoculation the membrane-bound spores are remov ... | 1985 | 3913330 |
| volumetric aerobiological survey of conidial fungi in the north-east netherlands. ii. comparison of aerobiological data and skin tests with mould extracts in an asthmatic population. | a study was undertaken to see whether the principal airborne fungi in the north-east netherlands were also found to be the most reactive in skin testing. atmospheric samples were taken weekly with the andersen sampler, from april 1981, up to and including, june 1983. at the same time skin tests of 833 patients referred to the outpatient departments of pulmonology and allergology, because of recurrent bronchial obstructive complaints and a suspected allergy, were studied for strongly positive ski ... | 1985 | 4039540 |
| sequential sampling of fungal air spores inside and outside the homes of mould-sensitive, asthmatic patients: a search for a relationship to obstructive reactions. | a sequential sampling study of fungal airspores was carried out with the andersen sampler inside and outside the homes of eight asthmatic, mould-sensitive patients. the aim of the study was to find a possible relationship between variations in airborne colony forming units (cfu) and the occurrence of increased pulmonary complaints (ipc). great variations in fungal prevalence occurred throughout the year, the lowest average daily concentration being 125, and the highest, 1425 cfu/m3/sample during ... | 1985 | 4061983 |
| mould spores and yeasts in outdoor air. | most inviable spore counts of outdoor air in europe are based on burkard spore trap results. for viable counts different kinds of slit samplers and andersen sampler are used. results of viable and inviable sampling methods are not completely comparable, but the results complete each other. spore frequencies in outdoor air are almost equal in different nordic countries. cladosporium is the most important spore type everywhere. in south finland it accounts for ca. 85% of viable and ca. 50% inviabl ... | 1985 | 4083413 |
| the effects of some polyamine biosynthetic inhibitors on growth and morphology of phytopathogenic fungi. | we have studied the effects of two polyamine biosynthetic inhibitors, alpha-difluoromethylornithine (dfmo) and alpha-difluoromethylarginine (dfma), and of polyamines (pas), alone and in combination, on mycelial growth and morphology of four phytopathogenic fungi: botrytis sp, b. cinerea, rhizoctonia solani and monilinia fructicola. the inhibitors were added to a czapek agar medium to get final concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mm. dfmo and dfma, suicide inhibitors of ornithine decarboxylase ( ... | 1985 | 11541300 |
| the c-s lyases of higher plants : isolation and properties of homogeneous cystine lyase from broccoli (brassica oleracea var botrytis) buds. | cystine lyase degrades l-cystine by a beta-elimination to form cysteine persulfide, pyruvate, and ammonia. this enzyme is common in brassica sp. and has been purified to homogeneity from extracts of broccoli (brassica oleracea var botrytis) buds. two isozymes were separated on deae-fractogel columns and the first peak, cystine lyase i further purified to homogeneity. the purified enzyme had a narrow range of substrate specificity with l-cystine and s-alkyl-l-cysteine sulfoxides being the primary ... | 1986 | 16664688 |
| defence mechanisms of tomato plants (lycopersicon spp.) against botrytis cinerea involving volatiles with morphogenetic activity. | 1986 | 17345434 | |
| [determination of specific ige against 16 widespread mould genera. improvement of the efficacy of the diagnosis of allergy to moulds]. | serum samples from 55 scandinavian and us patients with a clinical history of mould allergy were screened for specific ige ab against 16 different moulds, the 6 mould in the phadebas rast panel and 10 new moulds. the studies were performed using rast-based techniques and the nitrocellulose immunoblotting method. the rast screening of the patient panel, revealed that 42 patients (76%) had specific ige to at least one of the 16 moulds. the two most frequent moulds were rhizopus and botrytis positi ... | 1987 | 3453126 |
| concentrations of airborne botrytis conidia, and frequency of allergic sensitization to botrytis extract. | 1987 | 2958317 | |
| botrytis cinerea: a study of the immunological properties during growth. incidence of antibodies against b. cinerea in a group of patients with aspergillosis. | when growing botrytis cinerea in sabouraud medium, different phases of growth could be recognized using ph, mycelium yield, and culture filtrate antigens as parameters of growth. immunological characteristics of the different phases (early, intermediate, and late) of growth were measured using ige and igg binding by enzyme allergosorbent test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively, and quantities of precipitating components (double immunodiffusion and rocket immunoelectrophoresis). ... | 1987 | 3112026 |
| ["berry sorter's lung" or wine grower's lung--an exogenous allergic alveolitis caused by botrytis cinerea spores]. | 1987 | 3299353 | |
| human serum antibodies to extracellular polysaccharides (eps) of moulds. | the presence of antibodies to extracellular polysaccharides (eps) of moulds in sera of healthy subjects (n = 125) was determined. antibodies against the eps of penicillium digitatum, mucor racemosus, cladosporium cladosporioides, fusarium moniliforme and botrytis tulipae were found in relatively high amounts in all sera. no effect of age on antibodies present could be demonstrated. antibodies against each of the eps tested were only neutralized by the homologous eps and by eps of moulds belongin ... | 1988 | 3379539 |
| the effect of zeolite on the toxicity of lead to fungi. | in order to determine whether clinoptilolite, a naturally occurring zeolite, had any ameliorative effect on lead (pb) toxicity to fungi, a series of growth experiments were performed. three fungi, aspergillus niger, botrytis cinerea, and fusarium culmorum, were grown on appropriately amended solid agar media, and their linear extension rates determined. b. cinerea was 25% inhibited, as compared to a control, at 100 mg dm(-3) pb, and completely inhibited at 1000 mg dm(-3) pb. f. culmorum was comp ... | 1988 | 15092664 |
| stimulation of sanguinarine production by combined fungal elicitation and hormonal deprivation in cell suspension cultures of papaver bracteatum. | fungal elicitor preparations from either homogenized mycelia of dendryphion penicillatum (cda.) fr., a specific pathogen of papaver species, or conidia of verticillium dahliae kleb., a general pathogen, were added to 14-day-old suspension cultures of papaver bracteatum. plant tissue cultures were grown either in the presence or absence of 0.1 milligram of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid per liter and 0.5 milligram of 6-benzylam-inopurine per liter. dendryphion extracts elicited an accumulation of ... | 1988 | 16665861 |
| [results of an airborne spore study in various regions of southern sardinia]. | fungal air spores can play a significant role in several allergic manifestations. therefore, the identification of geographic areas of mould distribution could be helpful to the clinician, especially if associated with fungal air spore recording in homes or working environments of sensitized subjects, in determining the real clinical importance of sensitization to fungi. on this basis, we studied the occurrence of airborne fungi at two urban sites and at two rural sites in the south of sardinia, ... | 1989 | 2484495 |
| [search for actinomycetes--antagonists of fungi causing sugar beet root rot]. | actinomycetes belonging to streptomyces were isolated from the rhizosphere of sugar beet grown on an infected area after cultivation for many years. 44.1 per cent of them proved to be antagonists of phytopathogenic test fungi. the majority of the antagonists were detected among the cinereus. the lowest number of the antagonists was detected among the azureus, the maximum number of the antagonists was observed in the middle and at the end of the sugar beet vegetation period. during various period ... | 1989 | 2534467 |
| fungi carried from farmers' work into farm homes. | airborne fungal spore concentrations and main fungal genera were compared in rural and urban living environments in finland during the winter. in addition to conventional viable fungal spore counts (based on the six-stage impactor sampling and cultivation), total spore concentrations were obtained by scanning electron microscope (sem) investigation of filter samples. the viable spore counts were only 0.2%-25% of the number of total spore aggregates. a high correlation between these two methods w ... | 1989 | 2596402 |
| specific ige antibodies to 16 widespread mold genera in patients with suspected mold allergy. | a panel of 55 sera from patients with suspected mold allergy from two different geographic areas, a and b, was investigated for specific ige antibodies to 16 individual molds using phadebas rast technique. the molds investigated were alternaria, cladosporium, aspergillus, penicillium, mucor, and candida from the former rast panel and ten additional new mold genera. the rast screening revealed that 73% of patients had specific ige antibodies to at least one of the 16 molds. eighteen percent were ... | 1989 | 2596762 |
| studies on new phosphate ester antifungal antibiotics phoslactomycins. i. taxonomy, fermentation, purification and biological activities. | new antibiotics phoslactomycins a, b, c, d, e and f, which contain alpha, beta-unsaturated delta-lactone, phosphate ester, conjugated diene and cyclohexane ring moieties, were isolated from the culture broth of a soil isolate actinomycete. morphological, cultural and physiological studies revealed that the isolate is a strain of streptomyces nigrescens. phoslactomycins were obtained by butanol extraction, gel filtration and reverse phase chromatography. the antibiotics show strong activity again ... | 1989 | 2753808 |
| fungal air-borne spores as health risk factors among workers in alimentary industries. | a survey to evaluate the occurrence of air-borne fungal spores in two different food industries, dairies and bakeries, was conducted. our data revealed considerable fungal pollution in the environments of both industries, as well as some differences in the distribution of the genera of fungi recovered. noteworthy was the frequent finding of numerous fungi frequently responsible for allergic rhinitis, asthma and other diseases, or well-known for their production of mycotoxins in foods or characte ... | 1989 | 2767234 |
| [the viability of fungal species from the genera penicillium and botrytis in sea and river water contaminated by liquid swine manure]. | the growth ability of certain types of fungi penicillium and botrytis has been studied in marine and river water, contaminated by liquid swine manure (lsm). it has been found out, that addition of lsm stops p. lilacinum and b. bassiana growth. while the growth of the other types of fungi p. p. penicillium and botrytis, that were studied in the marine and river water, contaminated by lsm, may continue provided the temperature is favourable. the growth is discontinued at water temperature 4-6 degr ... | 1990 | 2074018 |
| [research of antifungal substances secreted by higher fungi in culture]. | a screening in vitro of antifungic activity of 24 strains of basidiomycetes was realized with their culture filtrate. lycoperdon perlatum pers. = pers., oudemansiella platyphylla (pers. ex fr.) mos., agrocybe dura (bolt) singer have shown an activity against candida albicans, candida tropicalis and aspergillus fumigatus; pholiota spumosa (fr.) singer towards botrytis cinerea and lycoperdon perlatum pers. = pers. towards alternaria solani, botrytis cinerea and verticillium dahliae. more extensive ... | 1990 | 2082797 |
| biological studies on 2,1-benzisothiazole derivatives. i. evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and genotoxic activities of 1-acyl-3-acylimino-2,1-benzisothiazolines. | the in vitro evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and genotoxic activities of some 1-acyl-3-acylimino-2,1-benzisothiazolines is described. compounds 55, 58, 60 and 62 exhibited a selective antibacterial activity. compounds 1, 2, 30, 59 and 63 were active against botrytis cinerea, compounds 6, 20, 39 and 54 against pythium irregulare. dna-damaging activity in the bacillus subtilis rec-assay was demonstrated for compounds 45, 46, 54, 55, 57 and 61. by the salmonella-microsome assay, genotoxic a ... | 1990 | 2128452 |
| mycoflora and nutritional value of shelled melon seeds (citrulus vulgaris schrad.) in nigeria. | thirteen fungi were isolated from mouldy shelled melon seeds. the fungi more frequently isolated included species of mucor (11.25%), rhizopus (13.75%), aspergillus (36.25%), macrophoma (2.50%), penicillium (8.75%), alternaria (5.00%), fusarium (8.75%), botrytis (6.25%), torula (3.75%) and geotrichum (3.75%). healthy, shelled melon seeds inoculated with fusarium solani for 7 or 14 days caused increases in the free fatty acid (f.f.a.) content of the healthy seeds from an initial value of 1.06% to ... | 1990 | 2170965 |
| study of carbendazin residue accumulation on greenhouse and field-grown strawberries, after successive treatments with benomyl. | benomyl, a systemic fungicide used in preharvest treatments to prevent botrytis and other fungal diseases, metabolizes to carbendazim (mbc). a study was undertaken to determine if the total residues of mbc of greenhouse and field-grown douglas strawberries accumulate in fruits after successive fortnightly treatments with a commercial preparation of benomyl. statistical analysis of the data obtained indicates that residues of mbc do not accumulate in fruits; on the contrary, they decrease over ti ... | 1990 | 2211476 |
| compatibility of the two-site exchange model and 1h nmr relaxation rates. | we demonstrate a formalism for determining whether 1h longitudinal and transverse magnetic relaxation decay curves are compatible with a model of proton exchange between two sites with inherently different relaxation rates. we apply the method to published data in which both decay curves have been fit to normalized biexponential functions, a prediction of the simplest two-site exchange model. the analysis is applied to relaxation data of adsorbed water vapor on silica gel (j.r. zimmerman and j.a ... | 1990 | 2345517 |
| activation of a bean chitinase promoter in transgenic tobacco plants by phytopathogenic fungi. | the temporal and spatial expression of a bean chitinase promoter has been investigated in response to fungal attack. analysis of transgenic tobacco plants containing a chimeric gene composed of a 1.7-kilobase fragment carrying the chitinase 5b gene promoter fused to the coding region of the gus a gene indicated that the chitinase promoter is activated during attack by the fungal pathogens botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotium rolfsii. although induction of [beta]-glucuronidase act ... | 1990 | 12354948 |
| characterization and reclassification of yeasts used for biological control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. | in previous studies workers have shown that three yeast strains (strains us-7, 82, and 101) have biological control activity against various postharvest fungal pathogens of fruits and vegetables, including penicillium rots of apples and citrus and botrytis rot of apples. in these reports the researchers have described these strains as debaryomyces hansenii (anamorph, candida famata) or candida sp. strains. in this study we performed additional physiological, dna reassociation, and mannan charact ... | 1990 | 16348361 |
| bioconversion of alpha-damascone by botrytis cinerea. | bioconversion of alpha-damascone (compound 1) was studied with four strains of botrytis cinerea in grape must (ph 3.2). as biotransformation products of compound 1, 3-oxo-alpha-damascone, cis- and trans-3-hydroxy-alpha-damascone, gamma-damascenone, 3-oxo-8, 9-dihydro-alpha-damascone, and cis- and trans-3-hydroxy-8,9-dihydro-alpha-damascone were identified. in addition, acid-catalyzed chemical transformation of compound 1 to the diastereomers of 9-hydroxy-8,9-dihydro-alpha-damascone was observed. ... | 1991 | 16348390 |
| induction of senescence-like deterioration of microsomal membranes from cauliflower by free radicals generated during gamma irradiation. | membrane deterioration differs in aging and senescent tissues. involvement of free radicals in the process is generally recognized. little is known about the physiological effects of gamma irradiation on plant tissues. degradation of microsomal membranes by the action of free radicals, generated in vivo by gamma rays, was investigated. cauliflower florets (brassica oleracea l., botrytis group) were exposed to 2 or 4 kilogray of gamma radiation. membrane deterioration was assessed during 8-day st ... | 1991 | 16668433 |
| cryopreservation of the pinewood nematode, bursaphelenchus spp. | populations of three isolates of bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the pinewood nematode, and one of b. mucronatus were treated with three cryoprotectants at -70 c for 24 hours followed by deep freezing at -180 c in liquid nitrogen for different periods of time. a solution of 15% glycerol, 35% buffer s, and 50% m9, or 1% aqueous solution of dimethylsulfoxide (dmso), or a mixture of 60% m9 and 40% s buffer were used as cryoprotectants. a significantly larger number of juveniles than adults survived dee ... | 1991 | 19283151 |
| infection and pathogenesis of cash crops by botrytis cinerea: primary role of an aspartic proteinase. | 1991 | 1812708 | |
| chloroplast dna topoisomerase i from cauliflower. | an atp-independent dna topoisomerase has been isolated from chloroplasts of cauliflower leaves (brassica oleracea var. botrytis) through deae-cellulose, af-blue toyopearl, and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. the sedimentation coefficient and stokes radius of this enzyme are 3.6s and 3.6 nm, respectively, and the molecular weight of native enzyme is estimated to be 54,000. this enzyme changes the linking number in steps of one. the enzyme activity is stimulated by mgcl2, and this enzyme sho ... | 1991 | 1849883 |
| [isolation and characterization of colloidal soluble polysaccharides in raspberry juice]. | depending on the preparation method, the colloid content of raspberry juices treated with pectolytic enzymes, can be up to 2.5 g/l. analysis of the polysaccharides shows that there are in particular, arabinans, arabinogalactans type ii and rhamnogalacturonans. while the content of arabinans could be reduced by the action of arabinases, the arabinogalactans and rhamnogalacturonans were not degraded by conventional pectic enzymes. besides these cell-wall polysaccharides, it was possible to isolate ... | 1991 | 1927051 |
| behaviour studies of the fungicide cymoxanil in two strains of the fungus botrytis cinerea and in haemolymph of locust and lobster. i. in situ monitoring by internal surface reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. | a method for following the metabolism of the fungicide cymoxanil in various biological media is described. by using a recently developed high-performance liquid chromatographic method, with an internal surface reversed-phase column, it is unnecessary to clean up the sample before analysis. thus this technique makes monitoring in fungi as well as in arthropod haemolymph easier and faster. | 1991 | 1939461 |
| significance of sampling height of airborne particles for aerobiological information. | pollen and spore counts from burkard traps for routine pollen and spore sampling placed at 15 m above ground and at ground level were compared. daily counts of most pollen types were higher on the ground than at roof level, but the counts were significantly correlated. the ratios of pollen frequencies at high and low levels varied between 1.0 and 11.5. the most prominent differences were recorded for herbaceous pollen (e.g. artemisia counts 11.5 and poaccae counts 4.4 times higher at ground leve ... | 1991 | 2018211 |
| isolation and characterization of phosmidosine. a new antifungal nucleotide antibiotic. | a new nucleotide antibiotic, phosmidosine was isolated from a culture filtrate of a newly isolated streptomycete identified as streptomyces sp. rk-16. hrfab-ms and elemental analysis established the molecular formula of c16h24n7o8p. 1h, 13c and 31p nmr indicated the presence of a methyl phosphate group and uv spectra were similar to those of 8-hydroxyadenosine. the antibiotic inhibited spore formation of botrytis cinerea at the concentration of 0.25 micrograms/ml. | 1991 | 2032945 |
| use of the extended phadebas rast panel in the diagnosis of mould allergy in asthmatic children. | the clinical significance of mould allergens in phadebas rast panel was investigated in 121 asthmatic children. they were selected from a total population of 1649 patients. the patients were distributed into four groups, based on the combination of positive or negative skin prick tests (spt) together with symptoms suggestive or not of mould sensitivity. mould-specific ige antibodies were investigated using the original rast panel (alternaria, aspergillus, candida, cladosporium, mucor and penicil ... | 1991 | 2039083 |
| transformation of cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis)--an experimental survey. | the paper compares different approaches for the genetic transformation of cauliflower (agrobacterium-mediated, peg-mediated and/or electroporation). transient expression of the neomycin phosphotransferase ii (nptii) gene could be detected after direct gene transfer. stable transformation was achieved using both agrobacterium-mediated and direct gene transfer. expression as well as incorporation of the nptii sequence could be demonstrated. | 1992 | 1320426 |
| pyrazolo[3,4-d][1,2,3]triazole-1-carboxamides and 5-alkylaminopyrazolo[3,4-d]oxazoles: synthesis and evaluation of the in vitro antifungal activity. | a series of n-alkyl-n'-(4-diazo-5-pyrazolyl)-ureas (4) was thermally and photochemically converted into pyrazolo [3,4-d][1,2,3]triazole derivatives (5,6) and 5-alkylaminopyrazolo[3,4-d]oxazoles (7) respectively. the products were tested for in vitro antifungal activity against fusarium culmorum, botrytis cinerea, phoma betae, pythium ultimum, sclerotinia minor and rhizoctonia solani. the mic and ed50 values of compound (6) against some of the test fungi were comparable to those of the reference ... | 1992 | 1445610 |
| pine stilbene synthase cdna, a tool for probing environmental stress. | stilbene synthase cdnas were isolated from a pine (pinus sylvestris) cdna library. poly(a)+rna required for the preparation was obtained from young seedlings challenged with botrytis cinerea. a full-length cdna encoding pinosylvin-forming stilbene synthase was sequenced, and the deduced amino acid sequence was compared with sequences of resveratrol-forming stilbene synthases. the cdna coding for the key enzyme of pinosylvin formation is a valuable tool for detecting early effects of environmenta ... | 1992 | 1451785 |
| isolation and characterization of three chitinases from trichoderma harzianum. | three proteins which display chitinase activity were purified from the supernatants of trichoderma harzianum cect 2413 grown in minimal medium supplemented with chitin as the sole carbon source. purification was carried out after protein precipitation with ammonium sulphate, adsorption to colloidal chitin and digestion, and, finally, chromatofocusing. by this procedure, two chitinases of 42 kda (chit42) and 37 kda (chit37) were purified to homogeneity, as judged by sds/page and gel filtration, w ... | 1992 | 1606968 |
| degradation of extracellular beta-(1,3)(1,6)-d-glucan by botrytis cinerea. | during growth on glucose, botrytis cinerea produced extracellular beta-(1,3)(1,6)-d-glucan (cinerean), which formed an adhering capsule and slime. after glucose was exhausted from the medium, cinereanase activity increased from <0.4 to 30 u/liter, effecting a striking loss in the viscosity of the culture. cinerean was cleaved into glucose and gentiobiose. gentiobiose was then hydrolyzed to glucose. while cinereanase activity was strongest in the culture supernatant, gentiobiase activity was loca ... | 1992 | 16348789 |
| adhesion of nongerminated botrytis cinerea conidia to several substrata. | conidia of the plant pathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea adhered to tomato cuticle and to certain other substrata immediately upon hydration. this immediate adhesion occurred with both living and nonliving conidia. adhesion was not consistently influenced by several lectins, sugars, or salts or by protease treatment, but it was strongly inhibited by ionic or nonionic detergents. with glass and oxidized polyethylene, substrata whose surface hydrophobicities could be conveniently varied, there was ... | 1993 | 16348954 |
| description of bursaphelenchus abruptus n. sp. (nemata: aphelenchoididae), an associate of a digger bee. | bursaphelenchus abruptus n. sp., an associate of the digger bee, anthophora abrupta (hymenoptera: anthophoridae), is described and illustrated. bursaphelenchus abruptus n. sp. can be differentiated from other species of bursaphelenchus by the absence of head annules, stylet length, length of the postuterine sac, shape of female tail, spicule morphology, and male caudal papillae arrangement. two plant-pathogenic fungi, monilinia fructicola and botrytis cinerea, and a monilia sp. isolated from an ... | 1993 | 19279754 |
| polygalacturonase isozymes from botrytis cinerea grown on apple pectin. | five isozymes (four acidic and one basic) of polygalacturonase were separated by chromatofocusing from the culture filtrate of botrytis cinerea grown on apple pectin. the isozymes, designated as polygalacturonase i to v, have isoelectric points of 9.7, 4.9, 4.6, 3.7, and 2.7, respectively, with polygalacturonase iii exhibiting the highest specific activity. polygalacturonase i appeared to function as an endo-polygalacturonase while the other four isozymes act as exo-polygalacturonases. the ph op ... | 1993 | 8220235 |
| changes on protein expression associated with salinity tolerance in brassica cell cultures. | the synthesis of proteins from salt-tolerant brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis l. subvar. cauliflora (gars.) dc. (cauliflower) cell cultures is modified in relation to controls in several features. there are nine newly induced polypeptides in tolerant cultures (absent in control conditions). some of them are only present under low salt levels (85 mm nacl). another group seems to be representative of moderate and high salt levels (170 and 255 mm nacl), and a third group is present in all the sal ... | 1993 | 8220310 |
| inhibition of phosphatidylcholine and chitin biosynthesis in pyricularia oryzae, botrytis fabae and fusarium graminearum by edifenphos. | colony growth of the fungi pyricularia oryzae, botrytis fabae and fusarium graminearum was reduced by 50% (ed50) by edifenphos concentrations of 7, 25 and 190 microm respectively; the phosphatidylcholine (pc) content of biomass of p. oryzae, b. fabae, and f. graminearum harvested from fungicide-containing-cultures was reduced by 50% by 6, 95 and 350 microm-edifenphos respectively. by contrast, the activities of membrane-bound chitin synthase preparations isolated from the three fungi were approx ... | 1993 | 8360628 |
| s-methyl methane thiosulfonate, a new antimutagenic compound isolated from brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis. | though various antimutagens with desmutagenic activities have been found in our daily foods of plant origin, the numbers of antimutagens with bio-antimutagenic activities found so far are limited. in the present study, a compound with potential bio-antimutagenic activity to escherichia coli b/r wp2 was newly isolated from cauliflower, brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis, and its chemical structure was identified to be s-methyl methane thiosulfonate by nmr and ms analysis. | 1993 | 8364458 |
| disease resistance results from foreign phytoalexin expression in a novel plant. | although phytoalexins have long been inferred to be important in the defence of plants against fungal infection, there are few reports showing that they provide resistance to infection. several plants, including grapevine, synthesize the stilbene-type phytoalexin resveratrol when attacked by pathogens. stilbenes with fungicidal potential are formed in several unrelated plant species, such as peanut (arachis hypogaea), grapevine (vitis vinifera) and pine (pinus sylvestris). stilbene biosynthesis ... | 1993 | 8421520 |
| ab023, novel polyene antibiotics. i. taxonomy of the producing organism, fermentation and antifungal activity. | ab023 is a complex of polyene antibiotics produced by an actinomycete, sd581, which was isolated from a kenyan soil sample. the two main components, pentaene antibiotics ab023a and ab023b, have antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi, particularly against botrytis cinerea (mic of 5 micrograms/ml). | 1993 | 8468239 |
| antifungal activity of myxococcus species 1 production, physicochemical and biological properties of antibiotics from myxococcus fulvus s110 (myxobacterales). | chloroform extracts of the culture supernatant of a strain of myxococcus fulvus isolated from soil were fungistatic and prevented germination of spores of botrytis cinerea. the antibiotics were produced during the exponential phase of growth and the effects of altering medium composition are described. the activity was fractionated into neutral, acidic and basic fractions. the neutral fraction had a molecular weight of 244 and was tentatively identified as 11-phenyl-undecadiene-2-ol. the acidic ... | 1993 | 8469176 |
| direct injection into the hplc column for monitoring the behaviour of xenobiotics in biological media. ii. behaviour of cymoxanil in fungus and locust and of e-destruxin in locust. | multidimensional chromatographies (mdc) implying either a single column with an unique packing designed for providing several separation modes such as internal surface reversed-phase (isrp), or c1 large pores particles, or multi-column switching technique using the previous supports as guard columns, allow fast and easy direct monitoring of pesticides into plant or animal biological media. in such a way, the comparative study of the agricultural fungicide cymoxanil in two strains of botrytis cin ... | 1993 | 8475374 |
| mycelial elongation and sporulation of two fungi on amended media in light or dark. | botrytis allii and collectotrichum dematium are onion pathogens which can infect in the field and cause decay in storage. some phenolics can hinder development of these fungi, but the effect of cytokinins is not clear. cytokinins (kinetin or 6-benzyladenine) or phenolics (caffeic or chlorogenic acids) were added to agar at concentrations of 0 to 10(-3) m. cultures were continuously irradiated with fluorescent light or maintained in the dark for 6 days. on unamended media, final mycelial elongati ... | 1993 | 8480989 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a flo/lfy homologue isolated from cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis). | a cdna library has been constructed from cauliflower curd in which floral development had been initiated. two cdnas (pbofh3 and pbofh8) have been isolated using the antirrhinum flo gene as a heterologous probe. the two clones were sequenced and found to contain introns. comparison of the deduced cdna sequence of bofh with flo and the arabidopsis homologue lfy reveals extensive homology. an mrna transcript of 1.6 kb appears on northern rna blots. this transcript can be detected, at low levels, be ... | 1993 | 8104529 |
| modification of phospholipid catabolism in microsomal membranes of [gamma]-irradiated cauliflower (brassica oleracea l.). | acceleration of membrane deterioration has been observed recently during storage of [gamma]-irradiated cauliflower (brassica oleracea l., botrytis group). in the present study, the activity of microsome-associated lipolytic enzymes was investigated in cauliflower florets exposed to 0 or 4 kilograys of [gamma] radiation and stored for 8 d at 13[deg]c. radiolabeled breakdown products obtained from the metabolism of (16:0/18:2*)-phosphatidylcholine and (16:0/16:0)-phosphatidyl-[n-methyl-3h]choline ... | 1993 | 12231812 |
| elicitor-induced cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity in lignifying wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves. | the substrate-specific induction of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv fenman) leaf cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad, ec 1.1.1.195) was examined in relation to its role in regulating the composition of defensive lignin induced at wound margins. treatment of wounds with a partially acetylated chitosan hydrolysate or spores of the nonpathogen botrytis cinerea elicited lignification at wound margins and invoked significant increases in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (ec 4.3.1.5), peroxidase (ec 1.11.1. ... | 1994 | 12232105 |
| immunopurification and immunocharacterization of the glucosinolate biosynthetic enzyme thiohydroximate s-glucosyltransferase. | preparing homogeneous udp-glucose:thiohydroximate s-glucosyltransferase (s-gt), the penultimate biosynthetic enzyme of glucosinolates, by standard chromatographic methods has yielded too little protein for adequate purity evaluation, identity verification, and structural analysis. the low yields were apparently due to low abundance in source tissues, aggravated by enzyme instability. here we describe an immunological method for purification of workable quantities from florets of brassica olerace ... | 1994 | 12232212 |
| malonofungin: an antifungal aminomalonic acid from phaeoramularia fusimaculans. | in screening for antifungal metabolites, a novel compound, malonofungin, exhibiting growth inhibitory activity against botrytis cinerea (grey mould), has been isolated from fermentations of phaeoramularia fusimaculans cbs 616.87. its structure is established as (e)-(3r,4s,5s)-5-acetoxy-2-amino-2-carboxy-3,4-dihydroxy-14-oxoicos++ +-6-enoic acid, representing an addition to the rare class of naturally occurring aminomalonic acids. 1h nmr data and extensive use of cd spectroscopy have been utilize ... | 1994 | 8155432 |
| growth and conidiation of trichoderma viride are affected by non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents. | nonsteroid antiinflammatory agents (nsaia's) (inhibitors of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase) of several structural series inhibited growth of trichoderma viride. the most potent growth inhibitors were indomethacin and its derivative repanidal which inhibited in the range of 0.1 mmol/l. the weakest inhibitors were acetylsalicylic acid and lysine salicylate which exerted only a weak effect at concentrations above 1 mmol/l. the inhibition of growth was accompanied by a stimulation of conidiation in ... | 1994 | 8181781 |
| parallel formation and synergism of hydrolytic enzymes and peptaibol antibiotics, molecular mechanisms involved in the antagonistic action of trichoderma harzianum against phytopathogenic fungi. | chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and protease activities were formed when trichoderma harzianum mycelia, grown on glucose as the sole carbon source, were transferred to fresh medium containing cell walls of botrytis cinerea. chitobiohydrolase, endochitinase, and beta-1,3-glucanase activities were immunologically detected in culture supernatants by western blotting (immunoblotting), and the first two were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. under the same conditions, exogenously added ... | 1994 | 7811076 |
| transformation of botrytis cinerea with the hygromycin b resistance gene, hph. | a transformation method has been developed for the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. protoplasts were transformed with pan7-1 plasmid carrying the escherichia coli hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hph), conferring hygromycin b resistance, downstream from an aspergillus nidulans promoter. molecular analysis, showed that transformation resulted in an integration of the plasmid into different regions of the b. cinerea genome and occurred through non-homologous recombination. the frequency ... | 1994 | 7859308 |
| visualization of mitotic chromosomes in filamentous fungi by fluorescence staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization. | mitotic chromosomes of the plant pathogenic filamentous fungi botrytis cinerea and alternaria alternata were observed. chromosomes prepared by the germ tube burst method were stained with the fluorescent dye 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) to yield figures with good resolution. using this method, component chromosomes were clearly distinguished and the chromosome number could be determined. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) was also successfully applied to the specimens, revealing o ... | 1994 | 7859561 |
| 7-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1(3h)-isobenzofuranone and basidalin: antibiotic secondary metabolites from leucoagaricus carneifolia gillet (basidiomycetes) [corrected]. | two antibiotic metabolites were isolated from cultures of leucoagaricus carneifolia. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. the first compound, 7-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1(3h)-isobenzofuranone [corrected] (1) had to our knowledge not been described from natural sources whereas the second, basidalin (2), is a known metabolite of l. naucina (h. iinuma et al., 1983). 1 exhibits antibiotic activities with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 20 micrograms/ml against botrytis cinerea ... | 1994 | 7945669 |
| characterization of chitin synthase from botrytis cinerea. | chitin synthase in a microsomal preparation from botrytis cinerea had an apparent km for udp-n-acetylglucosamine of 2.0 mm while nikkomycin z and polyoxin d inhibited enzyme activity competitively with apparent ki values of approximately 0.1 microm and 6 microm respectively. the organophosphorus fungicide edifenphos was a non-competitive inhibitor (ki(app) 54 microm). preincubation of microsomes for 2 h at 25 degrees c resulted in a maximum twofold stimulation of chitin synthase activity while p ... | 1994 | 7952170 |
| marine alkaloids, 15. two alkaloids, flustramine e and debromoflustramine b, from the marine bryozoan flustra foliacea. | a new alkaloid, flustramine e [1], with inhibitory activity towards rhizotonia solani and botrytis cinerea was isolated by gas-phase extraction from the marine bryozoan flustra foliacea. the structure was determined as 3a,8a-cis-1-methyl-3a-(3-methyl-2- butenyl)-6-bromo-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole, based on spectroscopic investigations. another alkaloid, debromoflustramine b [2a], was detected in trace amounts and identified by comparison of the mass spectrum with that of a synth ... | 1994 | 7964794 |
| characterization of ech-42, a trichoderma harzianum endochitinase gene expressed during mycoparasitism. | a gene (ech-42; previously named then-42) coding for one of the endochitinases produced by the biocontrol agent trichoderma harzianum imi206040 was cloned and characterized. expression of the cdna clone in escherichia coli resulted in bacteria with chitinase activity. this chitinase has been shown to have lytic activity on botrytis cinerea cell walls in vitro. the ech-42 gene was assigned to a double chromosomal band (chromosome v or vi) upon electrophoretic separation and southern analysis of t ... | 1994 | 7971981 |
| hm17, a new polyene antifungal antibiotic produced by a new strain of spirillospora. | an antifungal antibiotic (hm17) was obtained from a new isolate classified to the genus spirillospora on the basis of its chemical and morphological properties. on solid media this antibiotic strongly inhibited the growth of strains of fusarium oxysporum formae speciales albedinis, botrytis cinerea, gaeumaniomyces graminis and several other fungi known to be plant and human pathogens. antifungal activity in culture collection strains of spirillospora has not so far been reported. the u.v. absorp ... | 1994 | 8002474 |
| synergistic interaction between fungal cell wall degrading enzymes and different antifungal compounds enhances inhibition of spore germination. | different classes of cell wall degrading enzymes produced by the biocontrol fungi trichoderma harzianum and gliocladium virens inhibited spore germination of botrytis cinerea in a bioassay in vitro. the addition of any chitinolytic or glucanolytic enzyme to the reaction mixture synergistically enhanced the antifungal properties of five different fungitoxic compounds against b. cinerea. the chemicals tested were gliotoxin, flusilazole, miconazole, captan and benomyl. dose response curves were det ... | 1994 | 8012584 |
| effect of chitinase antisense rna expression on disease susceptibility of arabidopsis plants. | chitinases accumulate in higher plants upon pathogen attack are capable of hydrolyzing chitin-containing fungal cell walls and are thus implicated as part of the plant defense response to fungal pathogens. to evaluate the relative role of the predominate chitinase (class i, basic enzyme) of arabidopsis thaliana in disease resistance, transgenic arabidopsis plants were generated that expressed antisense rna to the class i chitinase. young plants or young leaves of some plants expressing antisense ... | 1994 | 8061313 |
| structure and expression of an inhibitor of fungal polygalacturonases from tomato. | a polygalacturonase inhibitor protein (pgip) was characterized from tomato fruit. differential glycosylation of a single polypeptide accounted for heterogeneity in concanavalin a binding and in molecular mass. tomato pgip had a native molecular mass of 35 to 41 kda, a native isoelectric point of 9.0, and a chemically deglycosylated molecular mass of 34 kda, suggesting shared structural similarities with pear fruit pgip. when purified pgips from pear and tomato were compared, tomato pgip was appr ... | 1994 | 8061315 |
| antimicrobial activities of indolocarbazole and bis-indole protein kinase c inhibitors. | the antimicrobial activities of twenty-two substances structurally related to staurosporine, aglycone in the indolocarbazole and bis-indole series were examined against streptomyces chartreusis and streptomyces griseus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, candida albicans and botrytis cinerea. inhibition of sporulation was examined also on the two species of streptomyces. unlike literature reports for efficient protein kinase inhibitors, staurosporine and k-252a, no evident correlation could be f ... | 1994 | 8071125 |
| variations in ploidy among isolates of botrytis cinerea: implications for genetic and molecular analyses. | field isolates and laboratory strains of botrytis cinerea, an ascomycetous fungus causing considerable economic losses, e.g., as "grey mould" of vine, were compared for differences in ploidy level by determining their dna content per nucleus. strain sas56, an ascospore line used routinely for genetic analyses, is probably polyploid, since treatment with benomyl causes a significant reduction in dna content per nucleus. this conclusion is substantiated by the increased sensitivity of the putative ... | 1994 | 8082191 |
| chlorine dioxide for reduction of postharvest pathogen inoculum during handling of tree fruits. | alternatives to hypochlorous acid and fungicides are needed for treatment of fruit and fruit-handling facilities. chlorine dioxide was evaluated and found effective against common postharvest decay fungi and against filamentous fungi occurring on fruit packinghouse surfaces. in vitro tests with conidial or sporangiospore suspensions of botrytis cinerea, penicillium expansum, mucor piriformis, and cryptosporiopsis perennans demonstrated >99% spore mortality within 1 min when the fungi were expose ... | 1994 | 16349354 |
| effects of various ozone exposures on the susceptibility of bean leaves (phaseolus vulgaris l.) to botrytis cinerea. | the effects of various ozone exposures in predisposing bean leaves (phaseolus vulgaris l.) to botrytis cinerea have been investigated under laboratory conditions. seedlings of two bean cultivars were exposed to incremental ozone concentrations (120, 180 and 270 microg m(-3) for 8-h day(-1)) for five days and primary leaves were subsequently inoculated with conidia suspended in water or in an inorganic phosphate solution (pi), and with mycelium. ozone injury increased with increasing ozone concen ... | 1994 | 15091685 |
| production and characterization of laccase from botrytis cinerea 61-34. | an isolate of botrytis cinerea (strain 61-34) constitutively expresses substantial amounts of extracellular laccase on a defined growth medium. the enzyme has been purified to homogeneity by a facile operational sequence, the last stage of which involves hydrophobic interaction chromatography. by these means, over 80 mg of laccase liter(sup-1) can be obtained from aerated fermentor reaction broths. the enzyme, with an estimated m(infr) of 74,000 and pi of 4.0, is a monomeric glycoprotein contain ... | 1995 | 16534974 |
| responses of some common cruciferae to root-knot nematodes. | ten cultivated plants of the family cruciferae were evaluated for susceptibility to meloidogyne arenaria race 1, m. incognita races 1 and 3, and m. javanica in a series of four separate greenhouse tests. after 62-64 days, or 1,032-1,072 degree days (10 c base), several of the crops evaluated showed moderate to severe levels of galling (> 3.0 on 0-5 scale) and moderate numbers of egg masses (>2.0 on 0-5 scale) in response to each of the nematode species and races. among the plants tested, collard ... | 1995 | 19277321 |
| boty, a long-terminal-repeat retroelement in the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea. | the phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea can infect an extremely wide range of host plants (tomato, grapevine, strawberry, and flax) without apparent specialization. while studying genetic diversity in this fungus, we found an element which is present in multiple copies and dispersed throughout the genome of some of its isolates. dna sequence analysis revealed that the element contained direct, long-terminal repeats (ltrs) of 596 bp whose features were characteristic of retroviral and retrotr ... | 1995 | 7887592 |
| adhesion of germlings of botrytis cinerea. | adhesion of conidia and germlings of the facultative plant parasite botrytis cinerea occurs in two distinct stages. the first stage, which occurs immediately upon hydration of conidia and is characterized by relatively weak adhesive forces, appears to involve hydrophobic interactions (r. p. doss, s. w. potter, g. a. chastagner, and j. k. christian, appl. environ. microbiol. 59:1786-1791, 1993). the second stage of adhesion, delayed adhesion, occurs after viable conidia have been incubated for se ... | 1995 | 7887606 |
| antifungal compounds induced in the dual culture with phytolacca americana callus and botrytis fabae. | in order to investigate new metabolites which are only induced in a plant callus infected by a pathogenic fungus, dual cultures with combinations of 10 species of fungi and 6 plant cell lines from different species were established. among the combinations tested, the methanolic extract of a dual culture consisting of a plant cell line, phytolacca americana and a fungus, botrytis fabae showed a marked antifungal activity to cladosporium herbarum. the main active constituent of this extract was id ... | 1995 | 7546032 |
| antimicrobial metabolites from a bacterial symbiont. | two types of antibiotics, namely, indoles and dithiolopyrrolones, have been isolated and identified from xenorhabdus bovienii a2. compounds 1 and 2 showed strong activity against cryptococcus neoformans, compounds 3 and 4 showed strong activity against botrytis cinerea, and compounds 1, 3, and 4 showed significant activity against phytophthora infestants (2 was not tested). in addition, two lower homologues of xenorhabdins 5 and 6, namely, 6-(n-3'-methylbutanamido)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-dithiolo[4,3-b ... | 1995 | 7561900 |
| vital fluorochromes as tracers for fungal growth studies. | eight fluorescent dyes were tested for staining the spores or mycelia of six fungi and for their translocation into new growth when the preloaded spores or mycelia were incubated on agar coated coverslips. the dyes studied were cellufluor, nile red, fluorescein diacetate (fda), carboxyfluorescein diacetate (cfda), chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (cmfda), aminochloromethyl coumarin (cmac), and the carbocyamines diic18(3) and dioc18(3). the fungi on which the dyes were tested included botrytis c ... | 1995 | 7578589 |
| antimicrobial activities of indolocarbazole and bis-indole protein kinase c inhibitors. ii. substitution on maleimide nitrogen with functional groups bearing a labile hydrogen. | new compounds, structurally related to the potent protein kinase c inhibitor staurosporine, and substituted on the imide nitrogen with a functional group bearing a labile hydrogen (hydroxymethyl, amino, hydroxy), were synthesized. their in vitro inhibitory potencies towards protein kinase c and protein kinase a showed that n-hydroxymethyl and n-hydroxy substitution, unlike alkyl substitution, can provide efficient protein kinase c inhibitors. the antimicrobial activities of these new compounds a ... | 1995 | 7592032 |
| purification and properties of an extracellular lipase from the fungus botrytis cinerea. | an extracellular lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) from the fungus botrytis cinerea has been purified to homogeneity and characterized. the purification included ammonium sulfate fractionation and sequential column chromatography. the purification of the preparation was 31-fold and recovery yield was 21%. the purified enzyme was associated with esterase activity according to activity staining on polyacrylamide gel. the molecular weight was determined as 60 kda on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel elec ... | 1995 | 7609604 |
| monoclonal antibody tem 106 reacts with a tonoplast intrinsic protein of 106 kda from brassica oleracea l. | a monoclonal antibody, designated tem 106, that recognizes an intrinsic protein from the vacuole membrane (tonoplast) of cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis) is described. mice were immunized with a tonoplast fraction that had been purified from differentiating meristematic cells from the cauliflower head. hybridomas were generated and screened by means of enzyme linked immuno sorbent assays for differential reactivity to tonoplast over non-related proteins (bovine serum albumin). on ... | 1995 | 7615671 |
| polygalacturonase produced in apple tissue decayed by botrytis cinerea. | an exo-polygalacturonase with an isoelectric point of 4.6 and an apparent molecular weight of 45 kda was isolated from apple tissue decayed by botrytis cinerea. this isozyme had a similar isoelectric point, optimum ph, and mode of action as an isozyme produced in liquid culture by b. cinerea. the enzyme produced in the decayed tissue was less sensitive to lower ph and less inhibited by cacl2, mgcl2, or nacl than the enzyme produced in culture. such changes in the properties of the enzyme produce ... | 1995 | 7627131 |
| biological activity of cyclopaldic acid, a major toxin of seiridium cupressi, its six derivatives, and iso-cyclopaldic acid. | cyclopaldic acid (ca), its six derivatives, and iso-cyclopaldic acid (isoca) were assayed for toxicity to cuttings of three species of cypress, as well as to mung bean, oat, and tomato explants. toxicity to host and non-host plants of ca derivatives having one or both of the aldehyde groups transformed was less than that of ca. shoot tissues of cupressus macrocarpa artificially infected by seiridium cupressi leached electrolytes more than those of c. sempervirens and c. arizonica. ca, isoca, and ... | 1995 | 7648024 |
| chemoprevention of azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis by dietary feeding of s-methyl methane thiosulfonate in male f344 rats. | modifying effects of dietary exposure of s-methyl methane thiosulfonate (mmts) isolated from cauliflower brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis on rat colon carcinogenesis induced by azoxymethane (aom) and on the expression of cell proliferation biomarkers were investigated in two experiments. in experiment 1, male f344 rats were given three s.c. injections of aom (15 mg/kg body weight) and fed 100 ppm mmts for 5 weeks, starting 1 week before the first dose of aom. the frequency of colonic aberrant ... | 1995 | 7664279 |
| structural properties of native and sonicated cinerean, a beta- (1-->3) (1-->6)-d-glucan produced by botrytis cinerea. | cinerean, the extracellular beta-(1-->3) (1-->6)-d-glucan of the fungus botrytis cinerea was studied. electron micrographs of the native polysaccharide revealed quasi-endless fibrils with an estimated diameter of ca. 1.5 nm. a particle mass of 10(9)-10(10) daltons was determined from dilute solutions by low-angle laser light scattering. sonication of increasing duration led to fragmentation of the native polymer with an approximately exponential decrease of mass in the range of average molecular ... | 1995 | 7697647 |
| antibiotic production and biocontrol activity by bacillus subtilis cl27 and bacillus pumilus cl45. | bacillus subtilis cl27 and b. pumilus cl45 showed similar activity against botrytis cinerea in in vitro plate assays. in a seedling bioassay, however, b. subtilis cl27 had activity similar to a commercial fungicide while b. pumilus cl45 failed completely to prevent seedling damping-off caused by bot. cinerea. antibiotic production by the two bacillus strains was found to depend on the growth substrate and highest antibiotic production was found on media based on homogenized cabbage tissue. antib ... | 1995 | 7698955 |
| partial characterization of chitinolytic enzymes from streptomyces albidoflavus. | streptomyces albidoflavus nrrl b-16746 secreted three types of chitinolytic enzymes: n-acetyl-glucosaminidase, chitobiosidase and endochitinase. optimal activity for all three types of enzymes occurred at ph 4-6; however 55-74% of the chitobiosidase and endochitinase activity was detectable at ph 8-10. chitobiosidase activity originated from two strongly acidic (pi < 3.0) proteins with molecular mass of 27 kda and 34 kda, while endochitinase activity originated from five major acidic proteins (p ... | 1995 | 7766226 |
| a group-i intron in the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal rna gene of sclerotinia sclerotiorum. | a 1,380-bp intervening sequence within the mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal rna (mt ssu rrna) gene of the fungus sclerotinia sclerotiorum has been sequenced and identified as a group-i intron. this is the first report of an intron in the mt ssu rrna gene. the intron shows close similarity in secondary structure to the subgroup-ic2 introns from podospora (nd3i1, nd5i2, and coii5) and neurospora (nd5i1). the intron has an open reading frame (orf) that encodes a putative protein of 420 amino a ... | 1995 | 7788720 |
| [the antibiotic properties of the phytotoxic metabolites of botrytis cinerea pers]. | antibiotic properties of substances of a phytotoxic complex from botrytis cinerea have been studied for a number of phytopathogenic bacteria, phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi as well as saprophytic yeast strains. high fungistatic activity of preparations of phytotoxic metabolites (ptm) has been stated for dendrodochium toxicum, myrothecium verrucaria, m. roridum, aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium urticae, agents of heavy human and cattle mycotoxicoses. the studied representatives of phytopat ... | 1995 | 8714399 |
| molecular basis of the cauliflower phenotype in arabidopsis. | genetic studies demonstrate that two arabidopsis genes, cauliflower and apetala1, encode partially redundant activities involved in the formation of floral meristems, the first step in the development of flowers. isolation of the cauliflower gene from arabidopsis reveals that it is closely related in sequence to apetala1. like apetala1, cauliflower is expressed in young flower primordia and encodes a mads-domain, indicating that it may function as a transcription factor. analysis of the cultivat ... | 1995 | 7824951 |
| anti-hyperglycemic effect of some edible plants. | the anti-hyperglycemic effect of 12 edible plants was studied on 27 healthy rabbits, submitted weekly to subcutaneous glucose tolerance tests after gastric administration of water, tolbutamide or a traditional preparation of the plant. tolbutamide, cucurbita ficifolia, phaseolus vulgaris, opuntia streptacantha, spinacea oleracea, cucumis sativus and cuminum cyminum decrease significantly the area under the glucose tolerance curve and the hyperglycemic peak. brassica oleracea var. botrytis, alliu ... | 1995 | 8569244 |
| blasticidin s deaminase gene (bsd): a new selection marker gene for transformation of arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana tabacum. | arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana tabacum were transformed to blasticidin s (bs) resistance with bsd (the bs deaminase gene from aspergillus terreus) using the agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. expression of bsd allowed direct selection of transformants by the fungicide, and both kinds of transgenic plants showed high level of resistance phenotype at 100 ppm of bs sprayed on the leaves. using botrytis cinerea, the causal fungus of gray mold disease, it was exemplified that applicati ... | 1995 | 8611760 |
| zinc requirement for stomatal opening in cauliflower. | zn deficiency induced increases in epicuticular wax deposits, lamina thickness, degree of succulence, water saturation deficit, diffusive resistance, and proline accumulation and decreases in carbonic anhydrase activity, water potential, stomatal aperture, and transpiration in the leaves of cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var botrytis cv pusa) plants. restoration of zn supply to the deficient plants increased stomatal aperture, transpiration, and carbonic anhydrase activity significantly withi ... | 1995 | 12228399 |