Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| genetic evidence for host specificity in the adhesin-encoding genes hxaa of helicobacter acinonyx, hnaa of h. nemestrinae and hpaa of h. pylori. | gastric and non-gastric species of helicobacter were examined for the presence of the adhesin-encoding gene, hpaa, from the human-associated gastric helicobacter h. pylori (hp), and for adhesin subunit protein hpaa. amplification of a 375-bp internal dna fragment of hpaa by pcr demonstrated the presence of the gene in hp and in two closely related gastric helicobacters, h. nemestrinae (hn) and h. acinonyx (hx), but not in the more distantly related h. felis (hf) and h. mustelae (hm). the non-gas ... | 1995 | 7557486 |
| evolutionary conservation of ten microsatellite loci in four species of felidae. | short tandem repeat polymorphisms (strp), or microsatellites, are widespread among vertebrate genomes and are useful in gene mapping and population studies due to a high level of length polymorphism. we describe here the isolation, characterization, and pcr amplification of 10 microsatellite loci from the domestic cat, felis catus. the flanking primer sequences were conserved among other felidae species, and amplification products demonstrated abundant polymorphism in puma, lion, cheetah, and do ... | 1995 | 7658003 |
| enhancing zona penetration by spermatozoa from a teratospermic species, the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) produce poor quality ejaculates that can limit the efficiency of standard assisted reproduction including artificial insemination (ai) and in vitro fertilization (ivf). the purpose of this study was to: (1) further study sperm-oocyte interaction in this teratospermic species by examining the ability of malformed sperm to interact with various oocyte barriers; and (2) assess the potential of zona piercing for assisting ivf in a teratospermic felid. zonae of salt-stored ... | 1995 | 7722475 |
| ancylostoma genettae, a. protelesis, a. somaliense: three new species from wild carnivora in the somali republic. | ancylostoma braziliense was found in somalia in acinonyx jubatus, canis familiaris, c. mesomelas, crocuta crocuta, felis catus, f. libyca, genetta genetta, otocyon megalotis, proteles cristatus; a. caninum in a. jubatus, c. familiaris, c. mesomelas, c. crocuta; a. duodenale in c. crocuta; a. iperodontatum in lynx caracal; a. paraduodenale in felis serval; a. tubaeforme in a. jubatus, f. catus, f. libyca; arthrocephalus gambiense in ichneumia albicauda; uncinaria parvibursata in mellivora capensi ... | 1995 | 8778662 |
| hypervariable genomic variation to reconstruct the natural history of populations: lessons from the big cats. | the extent and nature of variation in hypervariable regions dna have been used in the past as a means to infer the natural histories of populations. we review the interpretation of the extent of genetic diversity for minisatellite dna in the cheetah to estimate the timing of a population bottleneck in the species and the potential application of a second class of hypervariable dna, microsatellite dna, as a molecular tool to examine the natural histories of felid populations. a calibration curve ... | 1995 | 8582370 |
| population genetics. the cheetah controversy. | 1995 | 7885465 | |
| skin grafts and cheetahs. | 1996 | 8637591 | |
| reproductive activity in captive female cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) assessed by faecal steroids. | faecal oestradiol and progestogen metabolite excretion was monitored in adult, female cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) (n = 26) for 1-24 months. increased faecal oestradiol excretion was associated with mating or equine chorionic gonadotrophin (ecg) administration for artificial insemination, whereas increased progestogen metabolites were observed during natural and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hcg)-induced pregnant and nonpregnant luteal phases. on the basis of oestradiol excretory patterns, durat ... | 1996 | 8699419 |
| tuberculosis in buffaloes (syncerus caffer) in the kruger national park: spread of the disease to other species. | tuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium bovis, was recently diagnosed in a cheetah (acinonyx jubatus), two lions (panthera leo) and a chacma baboon (papio ursinus) from the kruger national park (knp). it is assumed that they contracted the disease directly or indirectly from tuberculous buffaloes in the park. tuberculous granulomatous lesions in the lungs were extensive and constituted the predominant changes in all three animal species. these pulmonary lesions included tuberculous bronchiolitis a ... | 1996 | 8917861 |
| the expanding genus of helicobacter: pathogenic and zoonotic potential. | the microbial flora of stomachs of humans and animals have been the focus of considerable research since the discovery that helicobacter pylori in humans caused a variety of gastric diseases. other helicobacter species have now been isolated from the stomachs of various mammals, including dogs, cats, ferrets, pigs, monkeys, and cheetahs, all of which are associated with various degrees of gastritis in their hosts. helicobacter species have also been isolated from the intestinal tracts of humans, ... | 1997 | 9232726 |
| the role of helicobacter species in newly recognized gastrointestinal tract diseases of animals. | because helicobacter pylori is now known to be a significant human pathogen, experimental animal models are increasingly being used to study the pathogenesis of this organism. unfortunately, early studies failed to establish h. pylori in animal models, and surprisingly, koch's postulates were initially fulfilled in two human volunteers. germfree experiments performed in pigs and pups however established that h. pylori would colonize in these animals, and gastritis was induced. certain macaque sp ... | 1997 | 9241625 |
| oral contrast agents for ct: a taste test survey. | our goal was to evaluate the palatability of the currently available oral contrast agents for ct. | 1997 | 9294558 |
| treatment of gastritis in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | three cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) had a clinical history of chronic spiral bacteria-associated gastritis and three cheetahs had no clinical history of gastritis. gastric biopsies were obtained from all six cheetahs prior to treatment for gastritis and 3 wk and 1 yr posttreatment. the cheetahs were treated with tetracycline hydrochloride 500 mg p.o. q.i.d., metronidazole 250 mg p.o. q.i.d., and bismuth subsalicylate 300 mg p.o. q.i.d. each drug was administered concurrently for 7 days. following ... | 1997 | 9365937 |
| systemic aa amyloidosis in captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | ongoing disease surveillance of necropsied captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) (n = 141) revealed a high prevalence of renal amyloidosis (n = 54 [38%]; age 1 to 16 years). the prevalence increased from 20% in pre- 1990 necropsies to 70% of cheetahs necropsied in 1995. in 74% of the cheetahs with amyloidosis, renal failure was determined to be the sole or partial cause of death. papillary necrosis was seen only in affected cheetahs and involved 25% of these animals. amyloid was present predominan ... | 1997 | 9396135 |
| skeletal muscle histology and biochemistry of an elite sprinter, the african cheetah. | to establish a skeletal muscle profile for elite sprinters, we obtained muscle biopsy samples from the vastus lateralis, gastrocnemius and soleus of african cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). muscle ultrastructure was characterized by the fiber type composition and mitochondrial volume density of each sample. maximum enzyme activity, myoglobin content and mixed fiber metabolite content were used to assess the major biochemical pathways. the results demonstrate a preponderance of fast-twitch fibers in ... | 1997 | 9404014 |
| trichinella nelsoni in carnivores from the serengeti ecosystem, tanzania. | a survey of trichinellosis among sylvatic carnivore mammals from the serengeti ecosystem (tanzania) demonstrated the presence of trichinella nelsoni in 5 of 9 species examined. muscle samples were collected from carcasses of 56 carnivores from 1993 to 1995 and frozen before transport and examination. following artificial digestion of the samples, collected larvae were analyzed by the random amplified polymorphic dna technique. trichinella nelsoni was identified in 1 bat-eared fox (otocyon megalo ... | 1997 | 9406805 |
| fatty acid metabolism in domestic cats (felis catus) and cheetahs (acinonyx jubatas). | 1997 | 9483667 | |
| duodenal perforation in a cheetah (acinonyx jubilatus). | an 11-yr-old female cheetah (acinonyx jubilatus) from a privately owned breeding center for endangered species was referred for evaluation with a history of vomiting and depression of 10 days' duration. after anesthetic induction with tiletamine and zolazepam and anesthetic maintenance with isoflurane, a complete diagnostic workup was performed, including hematology, serum chemistry, and radiography. the clinical diagnosis was septic suppurative inflammation and hemorrhage in the abdomen, consis ... | 1997 | 9523644 |
| pulmonary cryptococcoma and cryptococcal meningoencephalomyelitis in a king cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a captive king cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) was evaluated for a subacute onset of ataxia in all four limbs. the ataxia appeared to be spinal in origin, evidenced by apparent conscious proprioceptive deficits in all limbs, and there was no evidence of cerebellar involvement. anesthesia was performed and survey spinal radiographs were normal. cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed an apparently sterile meningitis of unknown etiology. although transient improvement was noted with glucocorticoid and an ... | 1997 | 9523645 |
| atlanta jury awards $360,000 in firing of bartender with hiv. | a federal jury in atlanta, ga awarded $360,000 in damages to hiv-positive bartender salvatore de falco, who was fired from the cheetah iii club. a u.s. district judge ruled that the club's owner was liable as a matter of law for violating the americans with disabilities act (ada). the club owners argued unsuccessfully that they had no choice but to terminate de falco because of the negative impact his hiv status would have on business. | 1997 | 11364134 |
| spongiform encephalopathy in an imported cheetah in france. | 1997 | 9316242 | |
| conservation strategies for the long-term survival of the cheetah acinonyx jubatus by the cheetah conservation fund, windhoek. | the cheetah acinonyx jubatus is declining throughout its range because of loss of habitat, a declining prey base and competition with livestock interests. throughout africa there are less than 15 000 animals remaining. the largest wild population of cheetahs is in namibia, although in the last 12 years numbers have been reduced by half to c. 2500 animals. significant declines have continued as farmers capture and remove cheetahs as 'pests'. established in 1990, the cheetah conservation fund aims ... | 1997 | 32336818 |
| hyperlipidemia in four related male cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | hyperlipidemia was identified in an 11-yr-old male cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) and three related 3-yr-old male cheetah littermates. hyperlipidemia in these four cheetahs was characterized by hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. the mean percentages of chylomicron and beta-lipoproteins were greater (p < 0.05) and the mean percent of alpha-lipoproteins was lower (p < 0.05) than the respective means for a group of 20 nonhyperlipidemic and clinically normal cheetahs. the etiology of the hyp ... | 1997 | 9523643 |
| serum lipoprotein, thyroid hormone and resting cortisol levels in normal cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | blood obtained from 20 cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) during annual physical examinations was analyzed for serum lipid concentration, for lipoprotein distribution by agarose gel electrophoresis, and for thyroid hormone and resting cortisol levels by solid-phase radioimmunoassay to develop normal reference ranges. | 1997 | 9523633 |
| sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins for ovulation induction and laparoscopic artificial insemination in the cheetah and clouded leopard. | ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins was assessed in the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) and clouded leopard (neofelis nebulosa) to help optimize artificial insemination (ai). eighteen female cheetahs were used on 29 occasions and were given i.m. injections of 100, 200, or 400 iu ecg and 100 or 250 iu hcg 80 h later. twenty-three female clouded leopards were treated i.m. on 27 occasions with 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, or 400 iu ecg followed 80 h later with 75, 140, or 280 iu hcg. ovaries were ex ... | 1997 | 9096891 |
| putative semiochemicals in the african cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | 1997 | 9041477 | |
| north american species survival plan for cheetah acinonyx jubatus. | the north american species survival plan (ssp) for the cheetah acinonyx jubatus has developed a cooperative and comprehensive research plan for the long-term management of the species. networking with zoos, field biologists and scientists, the ssp has managed the captive population from a situation that was clearly not self-sustaining into a well-defined, growing population. this paper describes the development of the ssp and its long-range goals. | 1997 | 32336819 |
| history of the cheetah: acinonyx jubatus in zoos 1829-1994. | since 1829 the african cheetah acinonyx jubatus has been exhibited in over 373 zoological facilities. as at 31 december 1994 the international captive population was 1218 animals of which 880 (72%) were captive-bred and 338 (28%) were wild-caught. the steady increase in the captive population is a result of captive breeding, co-operative captive-management programmes and importation from the wild. of facilities holding cheetah 26%. (96) have bred the species, 15% of which have bred continuously ... | 1997 | 32336817 |
| [anatomic characteristics pf the elbow joint of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus)]. | anatomical structures of elbow joints of six cheetahs were examined by dissection, corrosion casts and radiography. as a result, it was observed that the distal end of humerus is divided into the trochlea humeri for articulation with the ulna and the capitulum humeri for articulation with the radius. as the trochlea humeri is posed oblique and looks like a disc-shaped cone sector, flexion. flexion of elbow joint is always combined with adduction of the distal parts of the limb, and, respectively ... | 1998 | 9652144 |
| anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of tiletamine-zolazepam-medetomidine in cheetahs. | to evaluate anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of an intramuscular injection of a tiletamine-zolazepam-medetomidine combination in cheetahs. | 1998 | 9777002 |
| factors affecting levels of genetic diversity in natural populations. | genetic variability is the clay of evolution, providing the base material on which adaptation and speciation depend. it is often assumed that most interspecific differences in variability are due primarily to population size effects, with bottlenecked populations carrying less variability than those of stable size. however, we show that population bottlenecks are unlikely to be the only factor, even in classic case studies such as the northern elephant seal and the cheetah, where genetic polymor ... | 1998 | 9533122 |
| phylogeography of the freshwater fish, mogurnda adspersa, in streams of northeastern queensland, australia: evidence for altered drainage patterns. | a phylogeographic survey was used to elucidate the relative roles of historical processes and contemporary gene flow in structuring the genetic pattern observed with mogurnda adspersa. this species of freshwater fish is found in the rivers and streams of the northeastern highlands of queensland, australia. specifically, this project focused on populations in the tully and herbert rivers in the atherton tablelands. sequence analysis indicated that three distinct clades exist in the headwaters of ... | 1998 | 9819905 |
| deficiency of cytosolic arylamine n-acetylation in the domestic cat and wild felids caused by the presence of a single nat1-like gene. | the purpose of this study was to determine the molecular basis for a relative deficiency in the cat of cytosolic arylamine n-acetyltransferase (nat), an enzyme family that is important in the metabolism of xenobiotics and that normally consists of at least two related enzymes, nat1 and nat2. n-acetyltransferase in feline liver showed high affinity (mean km = 2.1 microm) for p-aminobenzoic acid, an nat1 selective substrate in humans and rabbits, but showed a very poor affinity (mean km > 10 mm) f ... | 1998 | 10022754 |
| systemic candidiasis in a cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | systemic candidiasis, with involvement of the spleen, liver, kidneys, and lymph nodes, was diagnosed in a geriatric captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). the animal had a long clinical history of intermittent chronic gastritis associated with helicobacter acinonyx and chronic renal failure, both of which were repeatedly treated with broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy. following euthanasia, a postmortem examination showed numerous microabscesses and granulomas composed of degenerate eosinophils a ... | 1998 | 10065861 |
| [anatomic and radiographic examination of the shoulder joint of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus)]. | anatomical structures of shoulder joints of five adult cheetahs were examined by dissection, corrosion casts and radiography. the bones, capsules and auxiliary synovial devices were described, as well as ligaments and adjacent muscles. the cheetah shoulder has many similarities with the shoulder joint of the domestic cat, but also considerable differences. proper osteological features were the large supraglenoid tubercle, the caudally directed coracoid process and the extension of the articular ... | 1998 | 9591374 |
| chronic gastritis in tigers associated with helicobacter acinonyx. | helicobacter pylori-like organisms (hplos) were isolated from the gastric mucosa of two sumatran tigers and identified by polymerase chain reaction analysis as helicobacter acinonyx. at histological examination, both tigers revealed a chronic gastritis associated with hplos as demonstrated by immunolabelling and electron microscopy. this is the first isolation of h. acinonyx from tigers, in which, as previously reported in cheetahs, it may be a cause of gastritis. | 1998 | 9717128 |
| regulation of sperm function by protein tyrosine phosphorylation in diverse wild felid species. | protein tyrosine phosphorylation is associated with sperm capacitation and the acrosome reaction in several mammalian species. changes in phosphorylation of a 95-kda protein in human, mouse, and domestic cat spermatozoa are known to be influenced by capacitation and exposure to zona pellucida (zp) proteins. we previously reported diminished phosphorylation of 95- and 160-kda proteins in spermatozoa from teratospermic cats, compared with normospermic domestic cats. to determine if these proteins ... | 1998 | 9876019 |
| glomerulosclerosis in captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) is an endangered species with low fecundity and premature death in captivity. a previous survey determined that renal failure as a result of glomerulosclerosis was a major cause of death in captive populations. this study characterizes the morphologic, histochemical, and epidemiologic properties of glomerulosclerosis in this population. kidneys from 87 cheetahs were examined by light microscopy; kidneys from six of those cheetahs were examined by electron and fluor ... | 1999 | 9921751 |
| similar signature of the prion protein in natural sheep scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy-linked diseases. | it has been suggested that specific molecular features could characterize the protease-resistant prion protein (prp res) detected in animal species as well as in humans infected by the infectious agent strain that causes bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse). studies of glycoform patterns in such diseases in french cattle and cheetahs, as well as in mice infected by isolates from both species, revealed this characteristic molecular signature. similar studies of 42 french isolates of natural scr ... | 1999 | 10523578 |
| comparative genome organization of the major histocompatibility complex: lessons from the felidae. | the mammalian major histocompatibility complex (mhc) has taught both immunologists and evolutionary biologists a great deal about the patterns and processes that have led to immune defenses. driven principally by human and mouse studies, comparative mhc projects among other mammalian species offer certain advantages in connecting mhc genome characters to natural situations. we have studied the mhc in the domestic cat and in several wild species of felidae. our observations affirm class i and cla ... | 1999 | 10319256 |
| the ab blood group system in wild felids. | the blood type of 131 non-domesticated felids belonging to 26 felid species was surveyed in this study. based upon a tube hemagglutination assay established for domestic cats, 80% of felids had type-a, 18% type-b, and 2% type-ab blood. felids in the puma group and african and asian golden cats had blood type b, whereas all other species were found to have blood type a. two cheetahs and one bobcat had type-ab blood. red cell glycolipids analysed by high performance thin layer chromatography revea ... | 1999 | 10376305 |
| [anatomic features of the carpal joint of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatuw), compared with the domestic cat (felis catus)]. | the anatomy of the carpal joint of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) was examined in seven specimens using dissection and corrosion casts as well as radiography, and compared to well-known data of the domestic cat (felis catus). it was found that in the cheetah, as in the domestic cat, the intermedioradial, ulnar and accessory carpal bones, as well as the first, second, third and fourth carpal bones and the sesamoid bone of the abductor pollicis longus muscle, develop in a regular manner. the bones ... | 1999 | 10458023 |
| herpesviruses of carnivores. | this review focuses on felid herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), the most studied of the carnivore herpesviruses. canid herpesvirus (chv-1) and phocid (seal) herpesvirus 1 (phhv-1) are also included where information is available. fhv-1 is a member of the varicellovirus genus of the alphaherpesvirinae, which appears to be closely related phylogenetically to both chv-1 and phhv-1. fhv-1 infects both domestic and some wild felidae, such as cheetahs, and is predominantly a respiratory pathogen of cats. as in ot ... | 1999 | 10515274 |
| diseases of captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus jubatus) in south africa: a 20-year retrospective survey. | as part of an ongoing study to determine the basis for high prevalences of veno-occlusive disease, glomerulosclerosis, and chronic lymphoplasmacytic gastritis in cheetahs, a retrospective pathology survey of captive cheetahs in the republic of south africa (rsa) was conducted. the rsa population was selected because its genetic composition and captive management were similar to those of the cheetah population in u.s. zoos, in which these diseases are common. for this study, archived pathology ma ... | 1999 | 10572855 |
| mycobacterium bovis as a zoonosis in the kruger national park, south africa. | the kruger national park (knp), mpumalanga province, south africa. | 1999 | 10599016 |
| prevalence of helicobacteriosis and gastritis in semicaptive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | endoscopic biopsy specimens were obtained from the cardiac, fundic, and pyloric stomach regions of 28 semicaptive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) to look for signs of helicobacteriosis and gastritis. impression smear cytology and urease tests were positive in 23 and 26 of the cheetahs, respectively. histopathology showed mild or no lesions in 27 cheetahs; only one cheetah had moderate gastritis. gastritis was uncommon in these semicaptive cheetahs, and stress could play a major role in the developme ... | 1999 | 10749433 |
| feline herpesvirus infection in a group of semi-captive cheetahs. | clinical disease caused by feline herpesvirus type-1 in wild felid species is similar to that in domestic cats. herpesviruses are endemic in free-ranging lions in south africa but actual clinical disease due to them has not been reported in free-ranging felids. the first reports of feline herpesvirus infection associated with clinical disease in wild felids came from australia and the usa in 1970. subsequent reports of clinical disease in cheetahs and other wild felid species were limited to cap ... | 1999 | 10852685 |
| cryptococcosis in captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus): two cases. | cryptococcus neoformans is a yeast-like organism associated with pulmonary, meningoencephalitic, or systemic disease. this case report documents 2 cases of cryptococcosis with central nervous system involvement in captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). in both cases the predominant post mortal lesions were pulmonary cryptococcomas and extensive meningoencephalomyelitis. both cheetahs tested negative for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukaemia virus. the organism isolated in case 2 was cl ... | 1999 | 10855821 |
| fecal cortisol metabolite analysis for noninvasive monitoring of adrenocortical function in the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a radioimmunoassay was validated for quantifying excreted cortisol metabolites in cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) feces. high-performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that immunoreactivity was associated with a water-soluble metabolite in fecal extracts from males and females. none of the immunoreactivity corresponded with free cortisol or corticosterone but rather was associated with a more polar, unidentified metabolite. to determine the biologic relevance of excreted immunoreactive cor ... | 1999 | 10749432 |
| use of pyloroplasty (y-u) to treat presumed delayed gastric emptying in a cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a 4-yr-old cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) with a 2-yr history of chronic intermittent vomiting and spiral bacteria-associated gastritis presented with dramatically increased vomiting frequency and marked intermittent abdominal distention. physical examination revealed loss of muscle mass and poor fur coat quality. contrast radiography was consistent with delayed gastric emptying due to presumed gastric outlet obstruction. both y-u pyloroplasty and incisional gastropexy were performed, and no subsequ ... | 2000 | 11428404 |
| predator avoidance, breeding experience and reproductive success in endangered cheetahs, acinonyx jubatus. | i examine three hypotheses about predator avoidance behaviour: (1) avoidance increases an individual's reproductive success; (2) avoidance changes with breeding experience according to one of three described models; and (3) any reproductive or experience benefits accrued to individuals by avoidance are reflected in their spatial distribution. these hypotheses were tested on cheetahs which incur substantial juvenile mortality from predation by two larger competitors: spotted hyaenas, crocuta croc ... | 2000 | 10924211 |
| biomechanical adaptations of transtibial amputee sprinting in athletes using dedicated prostheses. | to determine the biomechanical adaptations of the prosthetic and sound limbs in two of the world's best transtibial amputee athletes whilst sprinting. | 2000 | 10758296 |
| irregular s-cone mosaics in felid retinas. spatial interaction with axonless horizontal cells, revealed by cross correlation. | in most mammals short-wavelength-sensitive (s) cones are arranged in irregular patterns with widely variable intercell distances. consequently, mosaics of connected interneurons either may show some type of correlation to photoreceptor placement or may establish an independent lattice with compensatory dendritic organization. since axonless horizontal cells (a-hc's) are supposed to direct all dendrites to overlying cones, we studied their spatial interaction with chromatic cone subclasses. in th ... | 2000 | 10708039 |
| a generalized fecal glucocorticoid assay for use in a diverse array of nondomestic mammalian and avian species. | noninvasive fecal glucocorticoid analysis has tremendous potential as a means of assessing stress associated with environmental disturbance in wildlife. however, interspecific variation in excreted glucocorticoid metabolites requires careful selection of the antibody used in their quantification. we compared four antibodies for detecting the major fecal cortisol metabolites in yellow baboons following (3)h cortisol administration, acth challenge, and hplc separation of fecal glucocorticoid metab ... | 2000 | 11121291 |
| feline panleukopenia virus revisited: molecular characteristics and pathological lesions associated with three recent isolates. | the low incidence of clinical signs or pathological lesions compatible with feline panleukopenia in cats has created the perception among practitioners that the disease has disappeared since the emergence of canine parvovirus type 2 in the late 1970s. three parvoviruses that were recently isolated from a domestic cat and 2 cheetahs in cell culture or detected by means of the polymerase chain reaction were shown to be typical feline parvoviruses. phylogenetic comparison with other fpv isolates di ... | 2000 | 11205160 |
| genomic ancestry of the american puma (puma concolor). | puma concolor, a large american cat species, occupies the most extensive range of any new world terrestrial mammal, spanning 110 degrees of latitude from the canadian yukon to the straits of magellan. until the recent holocene, pumas coexisted with a diverse array of carnivores including the american lion (panthera atrox), the north american cheetah (miracynonyx trumani), and the saber toothed tiger (smilodon fatalis). genomic dna specimens from 315 pumas of specified geographic origin (261 cont ... | 2000 | 10833043 |
| genetic characterization of feline parvovirus sequences from various carnivores. | infections with viruses of the feline parvovirus subgroup such as feline panleukopenia virus (fpv), mink enteritis virus (mev) and canine parvovirus (cpv-2) [together with its new antigenic types (cpv-2a, cpv-2b)] have been reported from several wild carnivore species. to examine the susceptibility of different species to the various parvoviruses and their antigenic types, samples from wild carnivores with acute parvovirus infections were collected. viral dna was amplified, and subsequently anal ... | 2000 | 10644832 |
| gastric ollulanus tricuspis infection identified in captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) with chronic vomiting. | gastritis, vomition and weight loss are common in captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). gastric spiral bacteria (helicobacter spp.) and the very small, viviparous nematode ollulanus tricuspis, a stomach worm of cats, are believed to be important causes. three sibling cheetahs at wellington zoo, new zealand, developed chronic vomiting, diarrhoea and debility. their parents were both south african-born. response to antibacterial treatment was poor. endoscopic examinations revealed chronic lymphopla ... | 2000 | 11212940 |
| letting the cat out of the bag. | the image of the cheetah sprinting gracefully across the african serengeti in pursuit of its prey is one that we're all familiar with. many people perceive the cheetah as an animal flawlessly adapted to its environment-the perfect predator. | 2001 | 11313538 |
| the 26-kilodalton, ahpc homologue, of helicobacter pylori is also produced by other helicobacter species. | the 26 kda protein, which is an alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpc) homologue, has earlier been described as specific for helicobacter pylori. the aims of this study were to analyse whether this protein, or the corresponding gene, could be identified in other helicobacter species. | 2001 | 11328365 |
| detection of feline coronavirus infection in captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) by polymerase chain reaction. | feline coronavirus genetic elements were detected by polymerase chain reaction from blood, fecal samples, and effusive fluid collected from 33 cheetahs in the u.s.a. feline coronavirus-specific serum antibodies were also measured by indirect immunofluorescence. ten cheetahs were positive for viral shedding by polymerase chain reaction, whereas 13 were seropositive by immunofluorescence. results of serology did not consistently correlate with shedding of virus, and the capture antigen used for de ... | 2001 | 12790391 |
| sequence variation in the mitochondrial dna control region of wild african cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | five hundred and twenty-five bp of mitochondrial control region were sequenced and analysed for 20 acinonyx jubatus and one felis catus. these sequences were compared with published sequences from another domestic cat, 20 ocelots (leopardus pardalus) and 11 margays (leopardus weidii). the intraspecific population divergence in cheetahs was found to be less than in the other cats. however variation was present and distinct groups of cheetahs were discernible. the 80 bp rs2 repetitive sequence mot ... | 2001 | 11488972 |
| the epidemiology of tuberculosis in free-ranging african buffalo (syncerus caffer) in the kruger national park, south africa. | the presence of bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) in the kruger national park (knp) was determined for the first time in 1990. it was diagnosed in an african buffalo (syncerus caffer) bull, which was found recumbent and in an emaciated and moribund state near the south-western boundary fence. this prompted an investigation into the bovine tuberculosis (btb) status of the knp, with emphasis on its epidemiological determinants and risk factors. this report documents the findings of surveys ... | 2001 | 11585089 |
| comparative and functional anatomy of the mammalian lumbar spine. | as an essential organ of both weight bearing and locomotion, the spine is subject to the conflict of providing maximal stability while maintaining crucial mobility, in addition to maintaining the integrity of the neural structures. comparative morphological adaptation of the lumbar spine of mammals, especially in respect to locomotion, has however received only limited scientific attention. specialised features of the human lumbar spine, have therefore not been adequately highlighted through com ... | 2001 | 11590593 |
| tuberculosis in kudus (tragelaphus strepsiceros) in the kruger national park. | five kudus (tragelaphus strepsiceros), three bulls and two cows, within the greater kruger national park complex, were diagnosed with generalized tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis. the lesions seen in these animals were similar to those previously reported in kudus and included severe tuberculous lymphadenitis of the nodes of the head and neck (that resulted in noticeable uni- or bilateral swelling beneath the ear), thorax, and the mesentery. all the animals also suffered from severe gr ... | 2001 | 11769355 |
| control of reproduction and sex related behaviour in exotic wild carnivores with the gnrh analogue deslorelin: preliminary observations. | the gnrh analogue deslorelin, in long-acting implants, was used in an attempt to temporarily control reproduction or aggression in wild carnivores in southern africa and the usa. in the southern african study, 6 mg deslorelin was administered to cheetahs (eight females, four males), one female leopard and wild dogs (six females, one male) housed in groups, and 12 mg deslorelin was administered to two lionesses. none of the animals became pregnant after deslorelin administration apart from one wi ... | 2001 | 11787162 |
| linkage of reproductive sciences: from 'quick fix' to 'integrated' conservation. | our laboratory has experienced four phases in understanding how the reproductive sciences contribute to genuine conservation of biodiversity. the first is the 'quick fix phase' in which the erroneous assumption is made that extant knowledge and techniques are readily adaptable to an unstudied wild animal to produce offspring rapidly. the second is the 'species-specificity phase' in which it is recognized that every species has evolved unique reproductive mechanisms that must be mastered before p ... | 2001 | 11787164 |
| the phenomenon and significance of teratospermia in felids. | the common domestic cat is an important research model for endangered felids, as well as for studying genetic dysfunctions, infectious diseases and infertility in humans. especially significant is the trait of teratospermia (ejaculation of < 40% morphologically normal spermatozoa) that commonly occurs in about 70% of the felid species or subspecies studied to date. teratospermia, discovered more than two decades ago in the cheetah, is important: (i) for understanding the significance of sperm fo ... | 2001 | 11787186 |
| understanding the basic reproductive biology of wild felids by monitoring of faecal steroids. | the ability to track gonadal activity is essential for understanding the fundamentals of reproduction. faecal steroid metabolite monitoring is a well established tool for evaluating reproductive processes in diverse mammalian species, including felids. domestic cats were used as a model and injection of radiolabelled oestradiol, progesterone, testosterone and cortisol revealed that > 85% of metabolites were excreted in faeces with a time lag of 12-24 h. steroids were extracted by boiling faecal ... | 2001 | 11787193 |
| serum progesterone and estradiol-17beta concentrations, and lapaloscopic observations of the ovary in the cheetah (acinonyxjubatus) with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin treatments. | in 3 adult female cheetahs, induced-superovulation treatment was conducted, by means of 200 iu of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (pmsg) and 100 iu of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) 80 hr after pmsg. the administration of pmsg created a sharp increase in the estradiol-17beta concentration, resulting in 232 pg/ml 8 hr later in one specimen out of three. the hcg administration showed an increase in the progesterone concentration of 2.29 ng/ml 46 hr later. in addition, after direct observation ... | 2001 | 11789621 |
| progressive encephalomyelopathy and cerebellar degeneration in 10 captive-bred cheetahs. | progressive ataxia, with head tremor, developed in 10 captive-born cheetah cubs under six months of age. the condition was usually preceded by coryza and an ocular discharge. initially the ataxia and weakness affected the hindquarters, then the forelegs, and head tremor developed later. significant pathological changes were confined to the central nervous system. there was widespread wallerian degeneration in the funiculi of the spinal cord (except those in the dorsal columns), in the medulla an ... | 2001 | 11488342 |
| cheetah teams. | your crucial new product is on the fast track, when suddenly a problem develops that threatens to derail it. time to bring in the cheetah team. | 2001 | 11213692 |
| similarity, global matching, and judgments of frequency. | in the test-pair similarity effect, forced-choice recognition is more accurate for similar test pairs, such as leopard-cheetah, than it is for unrelated test pairs, such as leopard-turnip. according to global matching models, this occurs because the retrieved familiarities of similar items are correlated. in the minerva 2 model, global matching underlies frequency judgments as well as recognition memory. one implication of this model is that judged frequencies of similar items should be correlat ... | 2001 | 11504003 |
| evaluation of long-term sedation in cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) with perphenazine enanthate and zuclopenthixol acetate. | two long-acting neuroleptics were used to tranquilize nine captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). perphenazine enanthate (3.0 mg/kg) and zuclopenthixol acetate (0.6 mg/kg) were each administered to separate groups of three cheetahs in a double blind trial. both products were administered together to a third group of three animals at the same dosages. behavioral effect, duration of effect, and possible side effects were observed by a predefined protocol. under standardized holding conditions, the c ... | 2001 | 12785681 |
| a simple field method for spinal cord removal demonstrated in the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | removal of the spinal cord is considered time consuming and difficult. a delay in the necropsy procedure, especially in the central nervous system, can result in significant tissue autolysis and subsequent diagnostic difficulties. in the field, where many necropsies are performed, suitable electric saws are mostly unavailable. a technically simple and rapid method for spinal cord removal, requiring only a straightforward tool, has been devised. no necropsy-induced structural damage has been note ... | 2002 | 12680652 |
| tiletamine-zolazepam, ketamine, and xylazine anesthesia of captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | thirty-two anesthetic episodes used a combination of tiletamine-zolezepam (50 mg/ml each), ketamine (80 mg/ml), and xylazine (20 mg/ml) at various dosages for routine diagnostic and minor surgical procedures in 13 captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). the mean dosage (0.023 +/- 0.003 ml/kg) provided rapid induction with a single i.m. injection along with safe predictable working time, good muscle relaxation, and analgesia. yohimbine administration subsequently accelerated smooth and rapid recover ... | 2002 | 12564530 |
| partial antagonism of tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia in cheetah. | this study evaluated partial antagonism of tiletamine-zolazepam (tz) anesthesia in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) and differences between two benzodiazepine antagonists, flumazenil and sarmazenil, in this species. four cheetahs were anesthetized three times at an interval of 14 days with an average intramuscular dose of 4.2 mg/kg tz. in trials 2 and 3 flumazenil at 0.031 mg/kg and sarmazenil at 0.1 mg/kg, respectively, were applied intramuscularly 30 min after initial tz injection. there was a high ... | 2002 | 12038151 |
| uterine prolapse with an interesting vascular anomaly in a cheetah: a case report. | a 5-year-old cheetah suffered a complete prolapse of the left uterine horn after the birth of her second litter. two attempts to reduce the prolapse transvaginally failed. the animal was hospitalized 13 days after the prolapse first occurred, and an ovariohysterectomy was performed to resolve the prolapse. the prolapsed uterine horn had been mutilated: its tip, together with the ipsilateral ovary was absent. laparotomy revealed no sign of recent or past hemorrhage or adhesions, or any signs of t ... | 2002 | 12472140 |
| category activation effects in judgment and behaviour: the moderating role of perceived comparability. | previous research on category activation effects demonstrates that extreme exemplar priming can lead to contrast effects as well as assimilation effects in target judgments. two experiments extended this line of research by investigating the moderating role of perceived comparability, that is, the extent to which the exemplar and target are believed to belong to the same category and thus can be compared. in both experiments, participants judged the speed of a person displayed on a picture follo ... | 2002 | 11970778 |
| genomic microsatellites as evolutionary chronometers: a test in wild cats. | nuclear microsatellite loci (2- to 5-bp tandem repeats) would seem to be ideal markers for population genetic monitoring because of their abundant polymorphism, wide dispersal in vertebrate genomes, near selective neutrality, and ease of assessment; however, questions about their mode of generation, mutation rates and ascertainment bias have limited interpretation considerably. we have assessed the patterns of genomic diversity for ninety feline microsatellite loci among previously characterized ... | 2002 | 11875029 |
| diet composition and blood values of captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) fed either supplemented meat or commercial food preparations. | nutrition most certainly affects health and may play a role in the etiology of growth and reproductive problems in captive cheetah (acinonyxjubatus) populations. the objective of our research was to examine nutritional differences between two dietary regimens and quantify their physiologic effects on cheetahs held in captivity. twelve cheetahs were randomly assigned to either a commercial diet (com) or a supplemented meat diet (smd) group. these cats were physically examined and had blood sample ... | 2002 | 12216789 |
| induction of contraception in some african wild carnivores by downregulation of lh and fsh secretion using the gnrh analogue deslorelin. | the gnrh analogue deslorelin, in long-acting biocompatible implants, was used as a contraceptive in 31 cheetahs (13 females and 18 males), 21 african wild dogs (15 females and 6 males), 10 lionesses and four leopards (three females and one male). a dose of 12 or 15 mg deslorelin was administered to lions, whereas 6 mg deslorelin was administered to the other species. monitoring consisted of observations, measurement of plasma progesterone and testosterone concentrations, vaginal cytology and eva ... | 2002 | 12220163 |
| are goats naturally resistant to gastric helicobacter infection? | gastric helicobacter species are widespread and have been reported in wild and domestic mammals of different dietary habits such as humans, dogs, cats, macaques, mice, cheetahs, ferrets, swine and cattle. all have been associated with gastric pathologies. recently, gastric helicobacter species were shown to be widespread in cattle and swine in europe, and there is a report of helicobacter pylori in sheep in italy. however, there are no reports of helicobacter infection in the goat, another impor ... | 2002 | 11731164 |
| hyoid apparatus and pharynx in the lion (panthera leo), jaguar (panthera onca), tiger (panthera tigris), cheetah (acinonyxjubatus) and domestic cat (felis silvestris f. catus). | structures of the hyoid apparatus, the pharynx and their topographical positions in the lion, tiger, jaguar, cheetah and domestic cat were described in order to determine morphological differences between species or subfamilies of the felidae. in the lion, tiger and jaguar (species of the subfamily pantherinae) the epihyoideum is an elastic ligament lying between the lateral pharyngeal muscles and the musculus (m.) thyroglossus rather than a bony element like in the cheetah or the domestic cat. ... | 2002 | 12363272 |
| a molecular epidemiologic investigation of salmonella from a meat source to the feces of captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | low cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) birth rates were observed for a long time in a captive breeding facility in which salmonella, which was possibly present in contaminated beef, was isolated from still-born lion (panthera leo) cubs. salmonella, including 14 isolates of salmonella serovar typhimurium and 19 isolates of salmonella serovar muenchen, was subsequently isolated 47 times from 378 meat samples at the facility during a 13-mo period. salmonella, including 26 isolates of s. serovar typhimurium ... | 2003 | 12723804 |
| first case of feline spongiform encephalopathy in a captive cheetah born in france: prp(sc) analysis in various tissues revealed unexpected targeting of kidney and adrenal gland. | feline spongiform encephalopathy (fse), affecting domestic and captive feline species, is a prion disease considered to be related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy. here we report an immunohistological analysis of the first fse-affected cheetah born in france. the duration of clinical signs, of which ataxia was the main one, was about 8 weeks. the distribution of abnormal prion protein (prp(sc)) was studied by immunohistochemistry within 27 different tissues. different antibodies were used to ... | 2003 | 12783238 |
| identification of haemobartonella felis (mycoplasma haemofelis) in captive nondomestic cats. | this study was undertaken to determine whether haemobartonella felis (mycoplasma haemofelis), the causative bacterial agent of feline infectious anemia, infects nondomestic cats. routine complete blood count and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were performed to detect the gene for 16s ribosomal rna for the organism. sixty-four blood samples were collected from 54 nondomestic cats, including tigers (panthera tigris), cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus), lions (p. leo), mountain lions (felis concolor), sn ... | 2003 | 12885130 |
| serum concentrations of lipids, vitamin d metabolites, retinol, retinyl esters, tocopherols and selected carotenoids in twelve captive wild felid species at four zoos. | serum concentrations of several nutrients were measured in 12 captive wild felid species including caracal (felis caracal), cheetah (acinonyx jubatus), cougar (felis concolor), fishing cat (felis viverrinus), leopard (panthera pardus), lion (panthera leo), ocelot (felis pardalis), pallas cat (felis manul), sand cat (felis margarita), serval (felis serval), snow leopard (panthera uncia) and tiger (panthera tigris). diet information was collected for these animals from each participating zoo (broo ... | 2003 | 12514284 |
| detection of feline coronavirus infection in southern african nondomestic felids. | feline coronavirus (fcov) infects members of the felidae family with results ranging from seroconversion with no disease to fatal feline infectious peritonitis (fip). infection of non-domestic felids with fcov is of concern, particularly in endangered populations such as cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). in this investigation, we tested 342 animals in the republic of south africa and namibia, including 140 animals from wild populations, for evidence of fcov infection by serology and/or reverse transc ... | 2003 | 14567213 |
| multicentric t-cell lymphoma associated with feline leukemia virus infection in a captive namibian cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | this case report describes a multicentric lymphoma in a 4 yr old female wildborn captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) in namibia after being housed in an enclosure adjacent to a feline leukemia virus (felv) infected cheetah that had previously been in contact with domestic cats. the year prior to the onset of clinical signs, the wild-born cheetah was felv antigen negative. the cheetah subsequently developed lymphoma, was found to be infected with felv, and then rapidly deteriorated and died. at ne ... | 2003 | 14567232 |
| blastomycosis in nondomestic felids. | blastomycosis was diagnosed in six nondomestic felids from eastern tennessee, including two asian lions (panthera leo persicus), one african lion (panthera leo), one siberian tiger (panthera tigris), one cheetah (acinonyx jubatus), and one snow leopard (panthera uncia). clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, dyspnea, sneezing. ataxia, and paresis. variable nonspecific changes included leukocytosis, monocytosis, moderate left shift of neutrophils, moderate hypercalcemia, hyperpr ... | 2003 | 14582783 |
| antibodies to neospora caninum in wild animals from kenya, east africa. | the prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum was examined in six wild artiodactyla species, and in five wild carnivora species from kenya. blood sera (104 wild ungulates from marula estates (mes), and 31 wild carnivores from masai-mara reserve and from other wildlife areas in northern and southern kenya), were screened using a neospora agglutination test (nat), with a twofold dilution (1:40-1:320 titres). presence of nat antibodies to n. caninun is reported here for the first time in zebra ( ... | 2003 | 14651874 |
| radiographic and electrocardiographic evaluation of cardiac morphology and function in captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | in a prospective study, eight (four males and four females) healthy, adult captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) were immobilized with a combination of tiletamine-zolazepam (4 mg/kg, i.m.), administered with a remote drug delivery system, to define normal cardiac morphology and function. standard lateral and ventrodorsal (vd) radiographs were then taken to measure heart and thorax using a metric and vertebral scale system. standard six-lead electrocardiograms were obtained with the animals in righ ... | 2003 | 15077711 |
| chylous ascites in a cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) with venoocclusive liver disease. | an 11-yr-old female cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) was diagnosed clinically with hepatic and renal disease and euthanatized after an extended illness. postmortem examination revealed 8-10 l of milky white fluid in the abdominal cavity and markedly dilated lymphatic vessels within the intestinal mesentery. the abdominal fluid was a chylous effusion based on the cytologic predominance of lymphocytes and macrophages and comparison of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the fluid and in serum. gross ... | 2003 | 15077715 |
| the evolution of cursorial carnivores in the tertiary: implications of elbow-joint morphology. | the evolution of cursorial adaptations in tertiary (65-1.65 myr ago) carnivores has been a contentious issue. most such studies have focused on the relationship between hind limb proportions and running speed. here, we show morphometrically that in extant carnivores, the elbow joint has evolved in two distinct directions with mutually exclusive implications for locomotor ability and prey procurement. some carnivores retain supinatory ability, allowing them to manipulate prey and other items with ... | 2003 | 14667370 |
| spontaneous uterine fibroleiomyoma in a captive cheetah. | information on uterine neoplasia in felids and more so in non-domestic felids is sparse. in non-domestic felids, this may be due to the small sample size. a uterine fibroleiomyoma is described in a 17-year-old captive cheetah. the multicentric nodular tumour masses were situated in the myometrium, were well demarcated, non-encapsulated and did not show infiltrative growth. between the neoplastic cells, numerous of varying width, and irregularly braided bundles and whorls of collagen and reticula ... | 2003 | 14633230 |
| numerous, small, darkly pigmented melanocytic nevi: the cheetah phenotype. | the presence of multiple atypical nevi or numerous melanocytic nevi increases the risk for the development of cutaneous melanoma. | 2003 | 12734499 |
| the morphological characteristics of the antebrachiocarpal joint of the cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a morphological study of the structures of the antebrachiocarpal (ac) joint of the cheetah was carded out by dissection of eight forelimbs obtained from four adult cheetahs culled from the kruger national park, republic of south africa. the aim was to evaluate the deviations of this joint from the normal feline pattern and to consider their possible relationship to the cheetah's adaptation to speed. although published data on the ac joint of the other felids show general resemblance to that of t ... | 2003 | 12825676 |
| idiopathic acute onset myelopathy in cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) cubs. | numerous cases of ataxia, hind limb paresis, and paralysis have occurred in cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) cubs over the past 10 yr within the european endangered species program population, including 12 in mainland europe, two in the british isles, one in namibia, and one in dubai. the condition is the most important medical factor limiting european cheetah population growth. eight cubs at the salzburg zoo, austria, were affected. they demonstrated upper motor neuron lesions when alive and bilatera ... | 2003 | 12723798 |
| chronic eosinophilic dermatitis associated with persistent feline herpes virus infection in cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). | a chronic ulcerative and eosinophilic dermatitis occurred in 20 captive cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus) with persistent feline herpes virus 1 (fhv1) infection. affected animals had erythematous, ulcerated plaques primarily on the face and forelegs in sites of contact with lachrymal and salivary secretions. the dermatitis was characterized by dense infiltrates of eosinophils and plasma cells and pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. rare keratinocytes within the lesions had nuclei with marginated chroma ... | 2004 | 15017031 |