Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| localization of the enzyme system involved in anaerobic reduction of azo dyes by sphingomonas sp. strain bn6 and effect of artificial redox mediators on the rate of azo dye reduction. | the effect of different artificial redox mediators on the anaerobic reduction of azo dyes by sphingomonas sp. strain bn6 or activated sludge was investigated. reduction rates were greatly enhanced in the presence of sulfonated anthraquinones. for strain bn6, the presence of both cytoplasmic and membrane-bound azo reductase activities was shown. | 1997 | 16535698 |
| identification of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in soil by reverse sample genome probing. | bacteria with limited genomic cross-hybridization were isolated from soil contaminated with c5+, a mixture of hydrocarbons, and identified by partial 16s rrna sequencing. filters containing denatured genomic dnas were used in a reverse sample genome probe (rsgp) procedure for analysis of the effect of an easily degradable compound (toluene) and a highly recalcitrant compound (dicyclopentadiene [dcpd]) on community composition. hybridization with labeled total-community dna isolated from soil exp ... | 1998 | 16349504 |
| assignment of biochemical functions to glycosyl transferase genes which are essential for biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides in sphingomonas strain s88 and rhizobium leguminosarum. | glycosyl transferases which recognize identical substrates (nucleotide-sugars and lipid-linked carbohydrates) can substitute for one another in bacterial polysaccharide biosynthesis, even if the enzymes originate in different genera of bacteria. this substitution can be used to identify the substrate specificities of uncharacterized transferase genes. the spsk gene of sphingomonas strain s88 and the pssde genes of rhizobium leguminosarum were identified as encoding glucuronosyl-(b1-->4)-glucosyl ... | 1998 | 9457861 |
| characterization of marine temperate phage-host systems isolated from mamala bay, oahu, hawaii. | to understand the ecological and genetic role of viruses in the marine environment, it is critical to know the infectivity of viruses and the types of interactions that occur between marine viruses and their hosts. we isolated four marine phages from turbid plaques by using four indigenous bacterial hosts obtained from concentrated water samples from mamala bay, oahu, hawaii. two of the rod-shaped bacterial hosts were identified as sphingomonas paucimobilis and flavobacterium sp. all of the phag ... | 1998 | 9464390 |
| two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy: a new tool for on-line bioprocess monitoring. | two-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy is presented as a new method for bioprocess monitoring. it covers a wide range of excitation and emission wavelengths and is a further development of the fluorescence measurements performed so far, which concentrated mainly on nad(p)h culture fluorescence. biogenic fluorophores such as proteins, coenzymes, and vitamins can simultaneously be detected qualitatively and quantitatively inside and outside the cells. this optical method is noninvasive, suitabl ... | 1998 | 9496670 |
| cloning and sequencing of the sphingomonas (pseudomonas) paucimobilis gene essential for the o demethylation of vanillate and syringate. | sphingomonas (pseudomonas) paucimobilis syk-6 is able to grow on 5,5'-dehydrodivanillic acid (ddva), syringate, vanillate, and other dimeric model compounds of lignin as a sole carbon source. nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of s. paucimobilis syk-6 was performed, and two mutants with altered ddva degradation pathways were isolated. the mutant strain nt-1 could not degrade ddva, but could degrade syringate, vanillate, and 2,2',3'-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-5,5'-dicarboxybiphenyl (oh-ddva). strain dc-49 co ... | 1998 | 9501423 |
| microbial contamination of 'sterile water' used in japanese hospitals. | we examined the following samples of water from 10 hospitals for microbial contamination: water obtained using an ultra filtration system (uf water), a reverse osmosis system (ro water), a water distillation system (distilled water) and tap water. uf water and ro water are used for handwashing before surgery, and distilled water for the preparation of drugs. all 10 samples of tap water examined were contaminated with < 10 colony forming units (cfu)/ml. thirteen (68%) of 19 samples of uf water, n ... | 1998 | 9513069 |
| cloning and sequencing of a 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone reductive dehalogenase gene whose product is involved in degradation of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane by sphingomonas paucimobilis. | sphingomonas (formerly pseudomonas) paucimobilis ut26 utilizes gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch), a halogenated organic insecticide, as a sole carbon and energy source. in a previous study, we showed that gamma-hch is degraded to 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone (2,5-dchq) (y. nagata, r. ohtomo, k. miyauchi, m. fukuda, k. yano, and m. takagi, j. bacteriol. 176:3117-3125, 1994). in the present study, we cloned and characterized a gene, designated lind, directly involved in the degradation of 2,5-dc ... | 1998 | 9515900 |
| nosocomial infections caused by sphingomonas paucimobilis: clinical features and microbiological characteristics. | from january 1995 to september 1996, 14 isolates of sphingomonas paucimobilis, including 11 from clinical specimens from six patients with nosocomial infection and three from environmental sources, were collected. two of the six patients had intravascular catheter-related bacteremia and one each had bacteremic biliary tract infection, urinary tract infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and wound infection. the s. paucimobilis isolates were identified according to biochemical profiles estab ... | 1998 | 9524843 |
| molecular mechanisms of polymyxin b-membrane interactions: direct correlation between surface charge density and self-promoted transport. | we have studied the interaction of the polycationic peptide antibiotic polymyxin b (pmb) with asymmetric planar bilayer membranes via electrical measurements. the bilayers were of different compositions, including those of the lipid matrices of the outer membranes of various species of gram-negative bacteria. one leaflet, representing the bacterial inner leaflet, consisted of a phospholipid mixture (pl; phosphatidylethanolamine, -glycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol in a molar ratio of 81:17:2). ... | 1998 | 9538506 |
| oxidation of methyl-substituted naphthalenes: pathways in a versatile sphingomonas paucimobilis strain | aromatic compounds with alkyl substituents are abundant in fossil fuels. these compounds become important environmental sources of soluble toxic products, developmental inhibitors, etc. principally through biological activities. to assess the effect of methyl substitution on the completeness of mineralization and accumulation of pathway products, an isolate from a phenanthrene enrichment culture, sphingomonas paucimobilis 2322, was used. washed cell suspensions containing cells grown on 2,6-dime ... | 1998 | 9572967 |
| [bacteremia by sphingomonas paucimobilis]. | 1998 | 9586371 | |
| distal cleavage of 3-chlorocatechol by an extradiol dioxygenase to 3-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde. | a 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase from the naphthalenesulfonate-degrading bacterium sphingomonas sp. strain bn6 oxidized 3-chlorocatechol to a yellow product with a strongly ph-dependent absorption maximum at 378 nm. a titration curve suggested (de)protonation of an ionizable group with a pka of 4.4. the product was isolated, purified, and converted, by treatment with diazomethane, to a dimethyl derivative and, by incubation with ammonium chloride, to a picolinic acid derivative. mass spec ... | 1998 | 9603871 |
| novel carbazole degradation genes of sphingomonas cb3: sequence analysis, transcription, and molecular ecology. | the degradation of aromatic compounds by bacteria is dependent upon specific catabolic operons. the unique car locus isolated from sphingomonas cb3 encodes the first four enzymes involved in the catabolism of the azaarene carbazole. these include a class ii three-component dioxygenase enzyme system, a dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, an extradiol (meta-cleavage) dioxygenase, and a hydrolase. homology of deduced amino acid sequences is closer to corresponding biphenyl catabolic genes than to previously ... | 1998 | 9636667 |
| enantioselective uptake and degradation of the chiral herbicide dichlorprop [(rs)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid] by sphingomonas herbicidovorans mh. | sphingomonas herbicidovorans mh was able to completely degrade both enantiomers of the chiral herbicide dichlorprop [(rs)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propanoic acid], with preferential degradation of the (s) enantiomer over the (r) enantiomer. these results are in agreement with the recently reported enantioselective degradation of mecoprop [(rs)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid] by this bacterium (c. zipper, k. nickel, w. angst, and h.-p. e. kohler, appl. environ. microbiol. 62:4318-4322, ... | 1998 | 9642189 |
| further characterization of hydrogen peroxide-dependent fatty acid alpha-hydroxylase from sphingomonas paucimobilis. | although fatty acid alpha-hydroxylase (faah) activity has been detected in various species, faah has not been sufficiently characterized. in this report, we describe the properties of faah highly purified from sphingomonas paucimobilis. the faah was purified by about 5,200-fold. blotting analysis with a specific antibody against the faah showed that its apparent molecular mass was approximately 43 kda. faah showed alpha-hydroxylation activity in the presence of h2o2, but little if any activity w ... | 1998 | 9644252 |
| cloning of a sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 gene encoding a novel oxygenase that cleaves lignin-related biphenyl and characterization of the enzyme. | sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 transforms 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-5,5'-dicarboxybiphenyl (ddva), a lignin-related biphenyl compound, to 5-carboxyvanillic acid via 2,2',3-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy-5,5'-dicarboxybiphenyl (oh-ddva) as an intermediate (15). the ring fission of oh-ddva is an essential step in the ddva degradative pathway. a 15-kb ecori fragment isolated from the cosmid library complemented the growth deficiency of a mutant on oh-ddva. subcloning and deletion analysis showed that a ... | 1998 | 9647824 |
| the reductase reda2 of the multi-component dioxin dioxygenase system of sphingomonas sp. rw1 is related to class-i cytochrome p450-type reductases. | the first step in the oxidation of the diaryl ethers dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran by the bacterium sphingomonas sp. rw1 is carried out by an atypical multi-component ring hydroxylating dioxygenase. this heteromeric enzyme requires the participation of a flavoprotein, reductase a2, and an iron-sulfur protein, fdx1, to mediate the transfer of electrons from nadh to the dioxygenase for oxygen activation [bünz, p. v. & cook, a. m. (1993) j. bacteriol. 175, 6467-6475]. from the type of ferredoxi ... | 1998 | 9654094 |
| genetic analysis of dioxin dioxygenase of sphingomonas sp. strain rw1: catabolic genes dispersed on the genome. | the dioxin dioxygenase of sphingomonas sp. strain rw1 activates dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran for further metabolism by introducing two atoms of oxygen at a pair of vicinal carbon atoms, one of which is involved in one of the bridges between the two aromatic rings, i.e., an angular dioxygenation. the dxna1 and dxna2 cistrons encoding this dioxygenase have been cloned and shown to be located just upstream of a hydrolase gene which specifies an enzyme involved in the subsequent step of the dib ... | 1998 | 9683494 |
| alpha-l-rhamnosidase of sphingomonas sp. r1 producing an unusual exopolysaccharide of sphingan. | a soil bacterium with alpha-l-rhamnosidase was isolated from a cumulative mixed culture containing a polysaccharide of gellan as a carbon source and identified to be sphingomonas paucimobilis, known as a potent producer of gellan. the isolate (designated sphingomonas sp. r1) produced an unusual exopolysaccharide of sphingan (denoted hwr1) distinct from gellan. the rhamnose in gellan was replaced with mannose in hwr1. the bacterium had a peculiar cell surface covered with many complicated plaits. ... | 1998 | 9692187 |
| biochemical and genetic characterization of a gentisate 1, 2-dioxygenase from sphingomonas sp. strain rw5. | a 4,103-bp long dna fragment containing the structural gene of a gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (ec 1.13.11.4), gtda, from sphingomonas sp. strain rw5 was cloned and sequenced. the gtda gene encodes a 350-amino-acid polypeptide with a predicted size of 38.85 kda. comparison of the gtda gene product with protein sequences in databases, including those of intradiol or extradiol ring-cleaving dioxygenases, revealed no significant homology except for a low similarity (27%) to the 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate d ... | 1998 | 9696766 |
| amplification of putative chlorocatechol dioxygenase gene fragments from alpha- and beta-proteobacteria. | redundant primers were designed for the pcr amplification of dna from chlorocatechol dioxygenase genes. these primers were used successfully to amplify 270- to 279-bp fragments from a variety of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate- and cholorobenzoate-degrading strains, including species of sphingomonas. three groups of closely related sequences were amplified: one from chlorobenzoate degraders that was 86% similar to the amino acid sequence of the protein coded by the tfdc gene of ralstonia eutropha jmp ... | 1998 | 9699302 |
| microbial communities of printing paper machines. | the microbial content of printing paper machines, running at a temperature of 45-50 degrees c and at ph 4.5-5, was studied. bacteria were prevalent colonizers of the machine wet end and the raw materials. a total of 390 strains of aerobic bacteria were isolated and 86% of these were identified to genus and species by biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic methods. the most common bacteria found at the machine wet end were bacillus coagulans and other bacillus species, burkholderia cepacia, ... | 1998 | 9717292 |
| characterization and reclassification of an aromatic- and chloroaromatic-degrading pseudomonas sp., strain hv3, as sphingomonas sp. hv3. | phylogenetic analyses of 16s rrna gene sequences showed that the gram-negative aromatic- and chloroaromatic-degrading pseudomonas sp. strain hv3 carrying the mega-plasmid psky4 belongs to the genus sphingomonas. the 16srrna sequence is most related to sphingomonas chlorophenolica strains atcc 33790(t) (98.5%) and sr3 (98.4%) and sphingomonas sp. ss86 (98.4%). the g+c content was 64 mol%, and the dna-dna hybridization-based relative homology of strain hv3 to the s. chlorophenolica atcc 33790(t) a ... | 1998 | 9734064 |
| prolyl endopeptidase from sphingomonas capsulata: isolation and characterization of the enzyme and nucleotide sequence of the gene. | prolyl endopeptidase (prolyl oligopeptidase, ec 3.4.21.26) was purified from sphingomonas capsulata ifo 12533, and its gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant enzyme was markedly inhibited by diisopropyl phosphofluoridate and hardly affected by sh reagents or metal chelators, similar to the native enzyme purified from s. capsulata. nucleotide sequencing analysis revealed an open reading frame of 2169 bp, coding for a protein of 723 amino acids with a predicted molecula ... | 1998 | 9750174 |
| quantitative detection of sphingomonas chlorophenolica in soil via competitive polymerase chain reaction. | the 16s ribosomal rna gene sequence of the pentachlorophenol degrader sphingomonas chlorophenolica strain ra2 was used to generate specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers for the detection of this strain in soil, whereas a region internal to the two primers was used to provide an s. chlorophenolica strain ra2-specific oligonucleotide probe. the pcr detection system resulted in a 727 bp product detectable via gel electrophoresis and hybridization. it was specific for strain ra2 and its c ... | 1998 | 9750277 |
| impact of inoculation protocols, salinity, and ph on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and survival of pah-degrading bacteria introduced into soil. | degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and survival of bacteria in soil was investigated by applying different inoculation protocols. the soil was inoculated with sphingomonas paucimobilis ba 2 and strain bp 9, which are able to degrade anthracene and pyrene, respectively. cfu of soil bacteria and of the introduced bacteria were monitored in native and sterilized soil at different phs. introduction with mineral medium inhibited pah degradation by the autochthonous microflora and ... | 1998 | 9435090 |
| gene sequences of the pcpb gene of pentachlorophenol-degrading sphingomonas chlorophenolica found in nondegrading bacteria. | bacteria isolated from a pentachlorophenol (pcp) contaminated site grew in the presence of 50 micrograms pcp/ml but were not able to degrade it in either liquid medium or the presence of 1% sterile potting soil as a solid support. probes developed using the gene sequence of pcp-4-monooxygenase (pcpb) from sphingomonas chlorophenolica sp.nov hybridized to two separate isolates. identification based on fatty acid methyl ester profiles (sherlock), substrate utilization (biolog), and 16s rrna showed ... | 1998 | 9783427 |
| implications of rrna operon copy number and ribosome content in the marine oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium sphingomonas sp. strain rb2256. | sphingomonas sp. strain rb2256 is a representative of the dominant class of ultramicrobacteria that are present in marine oligotrophic waters. in this study we examined the rrna copy number and ribosome content of rb2256 to identify factors that may be associated with the relatively low rate of growth exhibited by the organism. it was found that rb2256 contains a single copy of the rrna operon, in contrast to vibrio spp., which contain more than eight copies. the maximum number of ribosomes per ... | 1998 | 9797303 |
| biodegradation pathway of 2-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2-chlorodibenzofuran in the biphenyl-utilising strain jb1. | the biphenyl-utilising burkholderia (previously alcaligenes) strain jb1 is also able to degrade a number of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. in this study, 4-chlorocatechol and a chlorotrihydroxydiphenyl ether were identified as metabolites of 2-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. 5-chlorosalicylic acid and a chlorotrihydroxybiphenyl were metabolites of 2-chlorodibenzofuran. these results show that degradation of these compounds follows pathways in which the initial reaction is angular dioxy ... | 1998 | 9828319 |
| characteristics of phenanthrene-degrading bacteria isolated from soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. | ten bacterial strains were isolated from seven contaminated soils by enrichment with phenanthrene as the sole carbon source. these isolates and another phenanthrene-degrading strain were examined for various characteristics related to phenanthrene degradation and their ability to metabolize 12 other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah), ranging in size from two to five rings, after growth in the presence of phenanthrene. fatty acid methyl ester analysis indicated that at least five genera (agr ... | 1998 | 9830104 |
| [bacteremia caused by sphingomonas (pseudomonas) paucimobilis]. | 1998 | 9835164 | |
| effect of calcium on the surfactant tolerance of a fluoranthene degrading bacterium. | surfactants are known to increase the apparent aqueous solubility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) and may thus be used to enhance the bioavailability and thereby to stimulate the biodegradation of these hydrophobic compounds. however, surfactants may in some cases reduce or inhibit biodegradation because of toxicity to the bacteria. in this study, toxicity of surfactants on sphingomonas paucimobilis strain epa505 and the effect on fluoranthene mineralization were investigated using tr ... | 1998 | 10192897 |
| identification of bacteria in water for pharmaceutical use. | different systems for the obtention of water used in biopharmaceutical industry were characterized from the bacteriological point of view. determination of aerobic mesophilic microorganisms was performed; as well as the isolation of contaminant microorganisms for what the techniques of membrane filtration was used. for the identification of the more representative species there were made conventional biochemical tests and quick systems: api. the results show that water serving as tap water for p ... | 1998 | 10932743 |
| phytanic acid alpha-hydroxylation by bacterial cytochrome p450. | fatty acid alpha-hydroxylase, a cytochrome p450 enzyme, from sphingomonas paucimobilis, utilizes various straight-chain fatty acids as substrates. we investigated whether a recombinant fatty acid alpha-hydroxylase is able to metabolize phytanic acid, a methyl-branched fatty acid. when phytanic acid was incubated with the recombinant enzyme in the presence of h2o2, a reaction product was detected by gas chromatography, whereas a reaction product was not detected in the absence of h2o2. when a hea ... | 1998 | 9930407 |
| rhodanobacter lindaniclasticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a lindane-degrading bacterium. | lindane-degrading activity under aerobic conditions has been observed in two bacterial strains: ut26, phenotypically identified as sphingomonas paucimobilis, and a new single unidentified isolate named rp5557t. the rrs (16s rdna) sequences for both strains and the phenotypic characteristics for the unidentified isolate rp5557t were determined. rp5557t does not have high identity (less than 90% in all cases) with any sequence in the genbank or rdp databases. a phylogenetic analysis based on rrs s ... | 1999 | 10028243 |
| complete sequence of a 184-kilobase catabolic plasmid from sphingomonas aromaticivorans f199. | the complete 184,457-bp sequence of the aromatic catabolic plasmid, pnl1, from sphingomonas aromaticivorans f199 has been determined. a total of 186 open reading frames (orfs) are predicted to encode proteins, of which 79 are likely directly associated with catabolism or transport of aromatic compounds. genes that encode enzymes associated with the degradation of biphenyl, naphthalene, m-xylene, and p-cresol are predicted to be distributed among 15 gene clusters. the unusual coclustering of gene ... | 1999 | 10049392 |
| contrasting effects of a nonionic surfactant on the biotransformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to cis-dihydrodiols by soil bacteria. | the biotransformation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) naphthalene and phenanthrene was investigated by using two dioxygenase-expressing bacteria, pseudomonas sp. strain 9816/11 and sphingomonas yanoikuyae b8/36, under conditions which facilitate mass-transfer limited substrate oxidation. both of these strains are mutants that accumulate cis-dihydrodiol metabolites under the reaction conditions used. the effects of the nonpolar solvent 2,2,4, 4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane (hmn) and the ... | 1999 | 10049904 |
| identification of the catalytic triad in the haloalkane dehalogenase from sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26. | the haloalkane dehalogenase from sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26 (linb) is the enzyme involved in the gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation. this enzyme hydrolyses a broad range of halogenated aliphatic compounds via an alkyl-enzyme intermediate. linb is believed to belong to the family of alpha/beta-hydrolases which employ a catalytic triad, i.e. nucleophile-histidine-acid, during the catalytic reaction. the position of the catalytic triad within the sequence of linb was probed by a site-direc ... | 1999 | 10100638 |
| genetic analysis of biodegradation of tetralin by a sphingomonas strain. | a strain designated tfa which very efficiently utilizes tetralin has been isolated from the rhine river. the strain has been identified as sphingomonas macrogoltabidus, based on 16s rdna sequence similarity. genetic analysis of tetralin biodegradation has been performed by insertion mutagenesis and by physical analysis and analysis of complementation between the mutants. the genes involved in tetralin utilization are clustered in a region of 9 kb, comprising at least five genes grouped in two di ... | 1999 | 10103288 |
| physiological and phylogenetic diversity of bacteria growing on resin acids. | resin acids are tricyclic diterpenes which are synthesized by trees and are a major cause of toxicity of pulp mill effluents. bacterial strains isolated from three different sources and which grow on resin acids were physiologically characterized. eleven strains, representating distinct groups, were further characterized physiologically and phylogenetically. the isolates had distinct specificities for use, as growth substrates, of the different resin acids tested. the isolates also used fatty ac ... | 1999 | 10188280 |
| quantitation of the population size and metabolic activity of a resin acid degrading bacterium in activated sludge using slot-blot hybridization to measure the rrna:rdna ratio. | the 16s rrna:rdna ratio is a useful parameter for measuring metabolic activity of a selected member of a complex microbial community, as in pulp effluent activated sludge systems. the rna:dna ratio of sphingomonas sp. dha-33, previously isolated from a sequencing batch reactor treating pulp mill effluent, is positively correlated with its growth rate (µ) under steady-state conditions. dha-33 was grown in a chemostat with growth rates ranging from 0.04 to 0.15 cell divisions per hour. dha-33 was ... | 1999 | 10758181 |
| degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol and selected nitroaromatic compounds by sphingomonas sp. ug30. | sphingomonas strain ug30 mineralizes both p-nitrophenol (pnp) and pentachlorophenol (pcp). our current studies showed that ug30 oxidatively metabolized certain other p-substituted nitrophenols, i.e., p-nitrocatechol, 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-dnp), and 4,6-dinitrocresol with liberation of nitrite. 2,6-dnp, o- or m-nitrophenol, picric acid, or the herbicide dinoseb were not metabolized. studies using 14c-labelled 2,4-dnp indicated that in glucose-glutamate broth cultures of ug30, greater than 90% of ... | 1999 | 10907421 |
| preface to special issue on sphingomonas. | 1999 | 11423938 | |
| chlorophenol and nitrophenol metabolism by sphingomonas sp ug30. | sphingomonas sp ug30 is a pentachlorophenol (pcp)-degrading bacterial strain capable of degrading several nitrophenolic compounds, including p-nitrophenol (pnp), 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-dnp), p-nitrocatechol and 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol (dnoc). the ability to degrade both chlorophenolic and nitrophenolic compounds is probably not restricted to ug30, but may also be possessed by other pentachlorophenol-degrading sphingomonas spp. the interesting question arises as to whether there is any point of conv ... | 1999 | 11423939 |
| chemotaxonomic characterisation of sphingomonas. | based on published results and investigations done for this study, chemotaxonomic characteristics of all validly described species of the genus sphingomonas, as well as unnamed strains of this genus and related genera such as rhizomonas and blastomonas, are presented. all representatives of this group, here designated as sphingomonads, contain ubiquinone (q-10). the two different polyamine patterns characterized either by the predominant polyamine sym-homospermidine or spermidine separate the sp ... | 1999 | 11423940 |
| detection of sphingomonas spp in soil by pcr and sphingolipid biomarker analysis. | sphingomonas spp possess unique abilities to degrade refractory contaminants and are found ubiquitously in the environment. we developed sphingomonas genus-specific pcr primers (spf-190 and spr1-852) which showed specific amplification of a 627-bp 16s rdna fragment from sphingomonas spp. a pcr assay using these sphingomonas specific primers was developed to detect sphingomonas aromaticivorans b0695r in three texturally distinct soil types, showing detection limits between 1.3-2.2 x 10(3) cfu g(- ... | 1999 | 11423941 |
| detection of sphingomonads and in situ identification in activated sludge using 16s rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes. | the increasing significance of members of the genus sphingomonas in biotechnological applications has led to an increased interest in the diversity, abundance and ecophysiological potential of this group of gram-negative bacteria. this general focus provides a challenge to improve means for identification of sphingomonads; eg molecular genetic methods for rapid and specific detection could facilitate screening of new isolates. here, fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probes targeted against 1 ... | 1999 | 11423942 |
| sphingomonads from marine environments. | sphingomonas species play an important role in the ecology of a range of marine habitats. isolates and 16s-rrna clones have been obtained from corals, natural and artificial sources of marine hydrocarbons and eutrophic and oligotrophic waters, and have been isolated as hosts for marine phages. in addition they are found in oceans spanning temperature ranges from polar to temperate waters. while less is known about marine sphingomonads in comparison to their terrestrial counterparts, their import ... | 1999 | 11423943 |
| ecology, physiology, and phylogeny of deep subsurface sphingomonas sp. | several new species of the genus sphingomonas including s. aromaticivorans, s. stygia, and s. subterranea that have the capacity for degrading a broad range of aromatic compounds including toluene, naphthalene, xylenes, p-cresol, fluorene, biphenyl, and dibenzothiophene, were isolated from deeply-buried (>200 m) sediments of the us atlantic coastal plain (acp). in s. aromaticivorans f199, many of the genes involved in the catabolism of these aromatic compounds are encoded on a 184-kb conjugative ... | 1999 | 11423944 |
| beijerinckia sp strain b1: a strain by any other name. | beijerinckia sp strain b1 grows with biphenyl as its sole source of carbon and energy. a mutant, strain b8/36, oxidized biphenyl to cis-(2s,3r)-dihydroxy-l-phenylcyclohexa-4,6-diene (cis-biphenyl dihydrodiol). strain b8/36 oxidized anthracene, phenanthrene, benz[a]anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene to cis-dihydrodiols. other substrates oxidized to cis-dihydrodiols were dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene and dibenzo-p-dioxin. biphenyl dioxygenase activity was observed in cells of beijerinckia b1 and b8/36 ... | 1999 | 11423945 |
| functional analysis of genes involved in biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and m-xylene degradation by sphingomonas yanoikuyae b1. | sphingomonas yanoikuyae b1 is able to utilize toluene, m-xylene, p-xylene, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and anthracene as sole sources of carbon and energy for growth. a forty kilobase region of dna containing most of the genes for the degradation of these aromatic compounds was previously cloned and sequenced. insertional inactivation of bphc results in the inability of b1 to grow on both polycyclic and monocyclic compounds. complementation experiments indicate that the metabolic block ... | 1999 | 11423946 |
| induction of aromatic catabolic activity in sphingomonas aromaticivorans strain f199. | enzyme induction studies with sphingomonas aromaticivorans f199 demonstrated that both toluene and naphthalene induced expression of both naphthalene and toluene catabolic enzymes. however, neither aromatic compound induced expression of all the enzymes required for complete mineralization of either naphthalene or toluene. activity measurements in combination with gene sequence analyses indicate that growth on either aromatic substrate in the absence of the other is, therefore, sub-optimal and i ... | 1999 | 11423947 |
| sphingomonas paucimobilis bpsi-3 mutant an2 produces a red catabolite during biphenyl degradation. | the biphenyl degradation pathway of sphingomonas paucimobilis bpsi-3 was investigated using a degradation-deficient mutant generated by 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (ntg) mutagenesis. the mutant, designated an2, was confirmed as originating from bpsi-3 through the use of eric (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus) pcr and by detection of the diagnostic pigment, nostoxanthin, in cellular methanol extracts. mutant an2 produced a yellow followed by red extracellular substance when ... | 1999 | 11423948 |
| phylogeny of sphingomonas species that degrade pentachlorophenol. | four pentachlorophenol (pcp)-degrading bacteria isolated from geographically diverse areas have been examined in detail as regards their physiology and phylogeny. according to traditional biochemical methods, these strains had been classified as members of the genera arthrobacter, flavobacterium, pseudomonas, and sphingomonas. the pcp degradation pathway has been studied extensively in sphingomonas (flavobacterium) sp strain atcc 39723 and the first three degradation steps catalyzed by a pcp-4-m ... | 1999 | 11423949 |
| colonization of contaminated soil by an introduced bacterium: effects of initial pentachlorophenol levels on the survival of sphingomonas chlorophenolica strain ra2. | the survival of a sphingomonas species that was introduced into pentachlorophenol (pcp)-contaminated soil was monitored with two complementary methods, a respiration-based assay and a most probable number (mpn) technique. sphingomonas chlorophenolicastrain ra2 is a pcp-mineralizing bacterium that was introduced into soil contaminated with a range of pcp concentrations (0-300 &mgr;g pcp g(-1) soil). the population of introduced microorganisms was followed for 170 days using a substrate-induced gr ... | 1999 | 11423950 |
| degradation of the phenoxy acid herbicide diclofop-methyl by sphingomonas paucimobilis isolated from a canadian prairie soil. | sphingomonas paucimobilis, isolated from a soil in manitoba, canada, was able to utilize diclofop-methyl, (r,s)-methyl-2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy]propionate, as the sole source of carbon and energy. an actively growing aerobic culture completely degraded 1.5 &mgr;g diclofop-methyl ml(-1) to diclofop acid within 54 h, at 25 degrees c. a biphasic growth pattern indicated that this organism was capable of degrading diclofop acid to 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol and/or ... | 1999 | 11423951 |
| sphingomonas herbicidovorans mh: a versatile phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicide degrader. | sphingomonas herbicidovorans mh was isolated from a dichlorprop-degrading soil column. it is able to grow on phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides, such as mecoprop, dichlorprop, 2,4-d, mcpa, and 2,4-db. strain mh utilizes both enantiomers of the chiral herbicides mecoprop and dichlorprop as sole carbon and energy sources. enantiomer-specific uptake systems are responsible for transporting the acidic substrates across the cell membrane. catabolism is initiated by two enantiomer-specific alpha-ketoglut ... | 1999 | 11423952 |
| degradation of azo dyes containing aminonaphthol by sphingomonas sp strain 1cx. | sphingomonas sp strain 1cx was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant and is capable of aerobically degrading a suite of azo dyes, using them as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. all azo dyes known to be decolorized by strain 1cx (orange ii, acid orange 8, acid orange 10, acid red 4, and acid red 88) have in their structure either 1-amino-2-naphthol or 2-amino-1-naphthol. in addition, an analysis of the structures of the dyes degraded suggests that there are certain positions and types o ... | 1999 | 11423953 |
| 5-chloropicolinic acid is produced by specific degradation of 4-chlorobenzoic acid by sphingomonas paucimobilis bpsi-3. | we have previously shown that the bacterium sphingomonas paucimobilis bpsi-3, isolated from pcb-contaminated soil, can degrade halogenated biphenyls, naphthalenes, catechols and benzoic acids. however, before such an organism can be used in bioremediation, it is important to characterise the degradation products and determine the degradation pathways to ensure that compounds more toxic or mobile than the original contaminants are not produced. in the degradation of 4-chlorobiphenyl, s. paucimobi ... | 1999 | 11423954 |
| interaction of sphingomonas and pseudomonas strains in the degradation of chlorinated dibenzofurans. | we have studied the concerted degradation of two monochlorodibenzofurans by a bacterial consortium, consisting of the chlorodibenzofurans-cometabolizing and chlorosalicylates-excreting strain sphingomonas sp rw16, and pseudomonas sp rw10, which mineralized the released chlorosalicylates. neither of the organisms was able to grow with chlorodibenzofurans alone. degradation of 2-chloro- and 3-chlorodibenzofuran proceeded to the end products 5-chloro- and 4-chlorosalicylate, respectively, when the ... | 1999 | 11423955 |
| catabolism of 2,7-dichloro- and 2,4,8-trichlorodibenzofuran by sphingomonas sp strain rw1. | due to their physicochemical and toxicological properties, polychlorinated dibenzofurans are regarded as a class of compounds providing reason for serious environmental concern. while the nonhalogenated basic structure dibenzofuran is effectively mineralized by appropriate bacterial strains, its polychlorinated derivatives are not. to elucidate the ability of the strain sphingomonas sp rw1 to metabolize some of these chlorinated derivatives, we performed turnover experiments using 2,7-dichloro- ... | 1999 | 11423956 |
| characterization of sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 genes involved in degradation of lignin-related compounds. | sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 is able to grow on a wide variety of dimeric lignin compounds. these compounds are degraded via vanillate and syringate by a unique enzymatic system, composed of etherases, o demethylases, ring cleavage oxygenases and side chain cleaving enzymes. these unique and specific lignin modification enzymes are thought to be powerful tools for utilization of the most abundant aromatic biomass, lignin. here, we focus on the genes and enzymes involved in beta-aryl ether cle ... | 1999 | 11423957 |
| lessons learned from sphingomonas species that degrade abietane triterpenoids. | abietane terpenoid-degrading organisms include sphingomonas spp which inhabit natural environments and biological treatment systems. an isolate from the high arctic indicates that these organisms occur far from trees which synthesize abietanes and suggests that some of these organisms can occupy a niche in hydrocarbon-degrading soil communities. abietane-degrading sphingomonas spp provide additional evidence that the phylogeny of this genus is independent of the catabolic capabilities of its mem ... | 1999 | 11423958 |
| complete analysis of genes and enzymes for gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation in sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26. | gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch; also called bhc or lindane) is one of the highly chlorinated pesticides which can cause serious environmental problems. sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26 degrades gamma-hch under aerobic conditions. the unique degradation pathway of gamma-hch in ut26 is revealed. in the upstream pathway, gamma-hch is transformed to 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone (2,5-dchq) by two different dehalogenases (lina and linb) and one dehydrogenase (linc) which are expressed constitutively ... | 1999 | 11423959 |
| degradation of substituted naphthalenesulfonic acids by sphingomonas xenophaga bn6. | sphingomonas xenophaga bn6 was isolated from the river elbe as a member of a multispecies bacterial culture which mineralized 6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonate. pure cultures of strain bn6 converted a wide range of amino- and hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonates via a catabolic pathway similar to that described for the metabolism of naphthalene to salicylate by pseudomonas putida nah7 or pseudomonas sp ncib 9816. in contrast to the naphthalene-degrading pseudomonads, s. xenophaga bn6 only partially degr ... | 1999 | 11423960 |
| chemical structure and function of glycosphingolipids of sphingomonas spp and their distribution among members of the alpha-4 subclass of proteobacteria. | sphingomonas spp are phylogenetically placed in the alpha-4 subclass of proteobacteria. they have glycosphingolipids (gsl) in their membranes instead of lipopolysaccharide (lps) as in other gram-negative bacteria. s. paucimobilis, the type species of the genus, has gsl-1, which contains only glucuronic acid (glca) as a sugar moiety, and gsl-4a, which contains a tetrasaccharide including glca. gsl-1 and gsl-4a form the outer membrane of s. paucimobilis with outer membrane proteins and phospholipi ... | 1999 | 11423962 |
| interaction of peptides and proteins with bacterial surface glycolipids: a comparison of glycosphingolipids and lipopolysaccharides. | the bacterial cell wall of gram-negative bacteria consists, in addition to the cytoplasmic membrane, of another permeability barrier, the outer membrane. the lipid distribution between both sides of this membrane is strictly asymmetric. the outer leaflet is made up of glycolipids, usually lipopolysaccharides. in sphingomonas spp glycosphingolipids were found to substitute for lipopolysaccharides. in this review, it is shown by an electrophysiological approach that glycosphingolipid can replace l ... | 1999 | 11423963 |
| special cell surface structure, and novel macromolecule transport/depolymerization system of sphingomonas sp a1. | a bacterium isolated from soil as an alginate lyase producer shows characteristic morphological and taxonomical properties consistent with being classified in the genus sphingomonas. the bacterium utilizes high molecular weight (hmw)-alginate for growth by depolymerization of the polymer with intracellular alginate lyases, which are generated from a common precursor protein through autoregulated post-translational modifications. electron microscopic observations of the cell surface and of thin s ... | 1999 | 11423964 |
| planktonic/sessile dimorphism of polysaccharide-encapsulated sphingomonads. | sphingomonads have acquired diverse metabolic activities to inhabit a wide range of environments. several strains of sphingomonas display phenotypic dimorphism and can adopt either a planktonic or sessile behavior in liquid media. the sessile state is marked by the presence of a viscous exopolysaccharide capsule. specific types of these capsular polysaccharides are harvested from large-scale fermentations for use as rheology modifiers in many industrial and food applications. sensing of environm ... | 1999 | 11423965 |
| evaluation of rheological properties of the exopolysaccharide of sphingomonas paucimobilis gs-1 for application in oil exploration. | analysis of an exopolysaccharide of sphingomonas paucimobilis gs-1 (eps/gs-1) with respect to its rheological properties, cross-linking ability with chrome alum and performance test at 75 +/- 5 degrees c revealed its strong suspending ability, shear thinning property, and thixotrophic nature which are required to impart desirable rheology to drilling mud. the organism fulfilled all the specified requirements and its properties were superior to those of currently-used xc polymer (a xanthan produc ... | 1999 | 11423966 |
| identification of the metabolically active members of a bacterial community in a polychlorinated biphenyl-polluted moorland soil. | the presumptive metabolically active members of a bacterial community in a moorland soil in germany, highly polluted with polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), were identified by sequencing of cloned reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) amplification products of 16s rrna generated from total rna extracts. analysis of the 16s rrna clone library revealed a considerable diversity of metabolically active bacteria in the soil, despite the acidic ph and high concentrations of pcbs. clo ... | 1999 | 11207739 |
| in-vitro study of interaction between photooxidation and biodegradation of 2-methylphenanthrene by sphingomonas sp. 2mpii. | this work reports a study of interactions between reactions of photooxidation and reactions of bacterial degradation of an alkylated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (2-methylphenanthrene). bacterial growth was carried out using artificial sunlight as light source. among the various products detected, the major product was identified as the 2-methylphenanthrene aldehyde. sunlight allows accelerated elimination of the substrate. this enhancement of the biodegradation rate of 2 methylphenanthrene is due t ... | 1999 | 10204235 |
| dust-borne bacteria in animal sheds, schools and children's day care centres. | a total of 316 bacterial strains, including psychrophiles, mesophiles and thermophiles, were isolated and identified from indoor dusts in schools, children's day care centres and animal sheds. several species which had not previously been reported from indoor environments were found: sphingomonas, brevibacterium, nocardiopsis, deinococcus and rhodococcus/gordona. a new psychrophilic actinomycete genus was also found in animal sheds, representing a new undescribed peptidoglycan type and an unusua ... | 1999 | 10212408 |
| the role of the sphingomonas species ug30 pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase in p-nitrophenol degradation. | pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase is an aromatic flavoprotein monooxygenase which hydroxylates pentachlorophenol and a wide range of polyhalogenated phenols at their para position. the pcp-degrading sphingomonas species ug30 was recently shown to mineralize p-nitrophenol. in this study, the ug30 pcpb gene encoding the pentachlorophenol-4-monooxygenase gene was cloned for use to study its potential role in p-nitrophenol degradation. the ug30 pcpb gene consists of 1614 bp with a predicted translat ... | 1999 | 10220902 |
| detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation genes in different soil bacteria by polymerase chain reaction and dna hybridization. | twenty different strains of pseudomonas, mycobacterium, gordona, sphingomonas, rhodococcus and xanthomonas which degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) were characterized in respect to genes encoding degradation enzymes for pah. genomic dna from these strains was hybridized with a fragment of ndob, coding for the large iron sulfur protein (isp alpha) of the naphthalene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida paw736 (ncib 9816). a group of seven naphthalene-degrading pseudomonas strains showe ... | 1999 | 10220903 |
| removal of dibenzofuran, dibenzo-p-dioxin, and 2-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin from soils inoculated with sphingomonas sp. strain rw1. | removal of dibenzofuran, dibenzo-p-dioxin, and 2-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2-cdd) (10 ppm each) from soil microcosms to final concentrations in the parts-per-billion range was affected by the addition of sphingomonas sp. strain rw1. rates and extents of removal were influenced by the density of rw1 organisms. for 2-cdd, the rate of removal was dependent on the content of soil organic matter (som), with half-life values ranging from 5.8 h (0% som) to 26.3 h (5.5% som). | 1999 | 10224029 |
| comparison of the fuel oil biodegradation potential of hydrocarbon-assimilating microorganisms isolated from a temperate agricultural soil. | strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) were isolated from an agricultural soil in france. in a field, a portion was treated with oily cuttings resulting from the drilling of an onshore well. the cuttings which were spread at the rate of 600 g hc m-2 contained 10% of fuel oil hydrocarbons (hc). another part of the field was left untreated. three months after hc spreading, hc adapted bacteria and fungi were isolated at different soil depths in the two plots and identi ... | 1999 | 10231986 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of haloalkane dehalogenase linb from sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26. | haloalkane hydrolytic dehalogenase linb from sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26, an enzyme which releases chloride or bromide anion from n-halogenated alkanes and has a broad range of substrate specificity, was crystallized using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 278 k. the best crystals were obtained by microseeding with a precipitant containing 18-20%(w/v) peg 6000, 0.2 m calcium acetate and 0.1 m tris-hcl ph 8.9. the crystals diffract to at least 1.60 a using synchrotron x-ray under cry ... | 1999 | 10329794 |
| structures and properties of gellan polymers produced by sphingomonas paucimobilis atcc 31461 from lactose compared with those produced from glucose and from cheese whey | the dairy industry produces large quantities of whey as a by-product of cheese production and is increasingly looking for new ways to utilize this waste product. gellan gum is reliably produced by sphingomonas paucimobilis in growth media containing lactose, a significant component of cheese whey, as a carbon source. we studied and compared polysaccharide biosynthesis by s. paucimobilis atcc 31461 in media containing glucose, lactose (5 to 30 g/liter), and sweet cheese whey. we found that alteri ... | 1999 | 10347031 |
| enhancement of solubilization and biodegradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons by the bioemulsifier alasan. | alasan, a high-molecular-weight bioemulsifier complex of an anionic polysaccharide and proteins that is produced by acinetobacter radioresistens ka53 (s. navon-venezia, z. zosim, a. gottlieb, r. legmann, s. carmeli, e. z. ron, and e. rosenberg, appl. environ. microbiol. 61:3240-3244, 1995), enhanced the aqueous solubility and biodegradation rates of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). in the presence of 500 microg of alasan ml-1, the apparent aqueous solubilities of phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and ... | 1999 | 10347063 |
| characterization of the meta-cleavage compound hydrolase gene involved in degradation of the lignin-related biphenyl structure by sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6. | sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 has the ability to transform a lignin-related biphenyl compound, 2,2'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxy-5, 5'-dicarboxybiphenyl (ddva), to 5-carboxyvanillic acid (5cva) via 2, 2',3-trihydroxy-3'-methoxy-5,5'-dicarboxybiphenyl (oh-ddva). in the 4.9-kb hindiii fragment containing the oh-ddva meta-cleavage dioxygenase gene (ligz), we found a novel hydrolase gene (ligy) responsible for the conversion of the meta-cleavage compound of oh-ddva to 5cva. incorporation of 18o from h ... | 1999 | 10347082 |
| a functional 4-hydroxysalicylate/hydroxyquinol degradative pathway gene cluster is linked to the initial dibenzo-p-dioxin pathway genes in sphingomonas sp. strain rw1. | the bacterium sphingomonas sp. strain rw1 is able to use dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, and several hydroxylated derivatives as sole sources of carbon and energy. we have determined and analyzed the nucleic acid sequence of a 9,997-bp hindiii fragment downstream of cistrons dxna1a2, which encode the dioxygenase component of the initial dioxygenase system of the corresponding catabolic pathways. this fragment contains 10 colinear open reading frames (orfs), apparently organized in one compact op ... | 1999 | 10348858 |
| characterization of the tra2 region of the inchi1 plasmid r27. | in this study, the dna sequence of one of the transfer regions of the inchi1 plasmid r27 was determined. this region, which corresponds to coordinates 0-40 on the r27 map has been called the tra2 region, and is believed to be involved in mating pair formation. dna sequence analysis of the transfer region identified 11 open reading frames which showed similarities to the transfer genes from other conjugative systems. the r27 transfer genes appear to most closely resemble the genes from the f plas ... | 1999 | 10366528 |
| proposal of sphingomonas suberifaciens (van bruggen, jochimsen and brown 1990) comb. nov., sphingomonas natatoria (sly 1985) comb. nov., sphingomonas ursincola (yurkov et al. 1997) comb. nov., and emendation of the genus sphingomonas. | based on the results of a phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna and the presence of sphingoglycolipid in cellular lipids of the type strains, transfer of "rhizomonas" suberifaciens, blastomonas natatoria and erythromonas ursincola to the genus sphingomonas as sphingomonas suberifaciens (van bruggen et al 1990) comb. nov., sphingomonas natatoria (sly 1985) comb. nov., and sphingomonas ursincola (yurkov et al 1997) comb. nov. are herein proposed together with the emendation of genus sphingomonas. the ... | 1999 | 10385200 |
| evidence that pcpa encodes 2,6-dichlorohydroquinone dioxygenase, the ring cleavage enzyme required for pentachlorophenol degradation in sphingomonas chlorophenolica strain atcc 39723. | an enzyme that catalyzes an fe2+-dependent reaction of 2, 6-dichlorohydroquinone with o2 has been isolated from sphingomonas chlorophenolica sp. strain atcc 39723, a soil microorganism capable of complete mineralization of pentachlorophenol. the product of the reaction is too unstable to allow spectroscopic characterization, but is apparently negatively charged and retains the two chlorine atoms of the substrate. the enzyme was partially sequenced using electrospray lc-ms, and one peptide was us ... | 1999 | 10387005 |
| crystal structure of alginate lyase a1-iii from sphingomonas species a1 at 1.78 a resolution. | the three-dimensional structure of alginate lyase a1-iii (alyiii) from a sphingomonas species a1 was determined by x-ray crystallography. the enzyme was crystallized by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method in the presence of 49% ammonium sulfate at 20 degrees c. the crystals are monoclinic and belong to the space group c2 with unit cell dimensions of a=49.18 a, b=93.08 a, c=82.10 a and beta=104.12 degrees. there was one molecule of alginate lyase in the asymmetric unit of the crystal. the di ... | 1999 | 10390348 |
| phylogeny and polyphasic taxonomy of caulobacter species. proposal of maricaulis gen. nov. with maricaulis maris (poindexter) comb. nov. as the type species, and emended description of the genera brevundimonas and caulobacter. | the genus caulobacter is composed of prosthecate bacteria often specialized for oligotrophic environments. the taxonomy of caulobacter has relied primarily upon morphological criteria: a strain that visually appeared to be a member of the caulobacter has generally been called one without challenge. a polyphasic approach, comprising 16s rdna sequencing, profiling restriction fragments of 16s-23s rdna interspacer regions, lipid analysis, immunological profiling and salt tolerance characterizations ... | 1999 | 10425763 |
| reclassification of pseudomonas echinoides heumann 1962, 343al, in the genus sphingomonas as sphingomonas echinoides comb. nov. | [pseudomonas] echinoides dsm 1805t (= attc 14820t, dsm 50409t, icbp 2835t, ncib 9420t) has been reinvestigated to clarify its taxonomic position. 16s rdna sequence comparisons demonstrated that this species clusters phylogenetically with species of the genus sphingomonas. investigation of fatty acid patterns, polar lipid profiles, polyamine patterns and quinone systems supported this delineation. substrate utilization profiles and biochemical characteristics displayed no distinct overall similar ... | 1999 | 10425767 |
| catalytic properties of the 3-chlorocatechol-oxidizing 2, 3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase from sphingomonas sp. strain bn6. | the 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase from sphingomonas sp. strain bn6 (bphc1-bn6) differs from most other extradiol dioxygenases by its ability to oxidize 3-chlorocatechol to 3-chloro-2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde by a distal cleavage mechanism. the turnover of different substrates and the effects of various inhibitors on bphc1-bn6 were compared with those of another 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase from the same strain (bphc2-bn6) as well as with those of the archetypical catechol 2,3-dioxyge ... | 1999 | 10438749 |
| differential detection of key enzymes of polyaromatic-hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria using pcr and gene probes. | bacteria with ability to degrade polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), isolated from wastewater and soil samples, were investigated for their taxonomic, physiological and genetic diversity. eighteen isolates able to metabolize naphthalene or phenanthrene as sole carbon source were taxonomically affiliated to different subclasses of the proteobacteria (sphingomonas spp., acidovorax spp., comamonas spp. and pseudomonas spp.) and to phyla of gram-positive bacteria with low and high dna g + c content (p ... | 1999 | 10439412 |
| stability of mutations in a sphingomonas strain. | sphingomonas sp. strain rw1 is able to mineralise dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p-dioxin. three mutants were constructed that could not use dibenzofuran or dibenzo-p-dioxin as a carbon source but were able to grow with the succeeding metabolites of the pathway. two different mutagenic agents were applied, a chemical treatment with 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine, resulting in mutants rw1-n6 and rw1-n7, and a biological insertion mutagenesis with the mini-tn5 transposon pbsl118, resulting in mutan ... | 1999 | 10446715 |
| conserved and hybrid meta-cleavage operons from pah-degrading burkholderia rp007. | we have compared the sequence and gene order of meta-cleavage pathway operons from alpha- and gamma-subgroups of the proteobacteria with operons from burkholderia sp. strain rp007 which belongs to the beta-subgroup of the proteobacteria. burkholderia rp007 was isolated for its ability to degrade phenanthrene and contains two meta-cleavage operons. one exhibits a comparable gene order to previously characterised gamma-subgroup proteobacterial (pseudomonas) meta operons, whilst the other has disti ... | 1999 | 10448110 |
| an assessment of protein profiles from the marine oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium, sphingomonas sp. strain rb2256. | the protein expression profile of a novel marine oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium, sphingomonas sp. strain rb2256, was investigated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-d page). analytical reference maps were generated from mid-log phase batches and steady-state chemostat cultures with ph 4-8 immobilised ph gradients (ipgs) followed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the resolved proteins were detected by two different methods: radioactive labeling ... | 1999 | 10451121 |
| two different types of dehalogenases, lina and linb, involved in gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation in sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26 are localized in the periplasmic space without molecular processing. | gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-hch) is one of several highly chlorinated insecticides that cause serious environmental problems. the cellular proteins of a gamma-hch-degrading bacterium, sphingomonas paucimobilis ut26, were fractionated into periplasmic, cytosolic, and membrane fractions after osmotic shock. most of two different types of dehalogenase, lina (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane dehydrochlorinase) and linb (1,3,4,6-tetrachloro-1,4-cyclohexadiene halidohydrolase), that are involved in ... | 1999 | 10464214 |
| crystal structure of an aromatic ring opening dioxygenase ligab, a protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase, under aerobic conditions. | sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 utilizes an extradiol-type catecholic dioxygenase, the ligab enzyme (a protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase), to oxidize protocatechuate (or 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, pca). the enzyme belongs to the family of class iii extradiol-type catecholic dioxygenases catalyzing the ring-opening reaction of protocatechuate and related compounds. the primary structure of ligab suggests that the enzyme has no evolutionary relationship with the family of class ii extradiol-type cat ... | 1999 | 10467151 |
| marine bacterial isolates display diverse responses to uv-b radiation. | the molecular and biological consequences of uv-b radiation were investigated by studying five species of marine bacteria and one enteric bacterium. laboratory cultures were exposed to an artificial uv-b source and subjected to various post-uv irradiation treatments. significant differences in survival subsequent to uv-b radiation were observed among the isolates, as measured by culturable counts. uv-b-induced dna photodamage was investigated by using a highly specific radioimmunoassay to measur ... | 1999 | 10473381 |
| poly(aspartic acid) degradation by a sphingomonas sp. isolated from freshwater. | a poly(aspartic acid) degrading bacterium (strain kt-1 [jcm10459]) was isolated from river water and identified as a member of the genus sphingomonas. the isolate degraded only poly(aspartic acid)s of low molecular masses (<5 kda), while the cell extract hydrolyzed high-molecular-mass poly(aspartic acid)s of 5 to 150 kda to yield aspartic acid monomer. | 1999 | 10473451 |
| sphingomonas sp. strain lep1: an aerobic degrader of 4-methylquinoline. | strain lep1, isolated from a bacterial consortium capable of aerobic degradation of 4-methylquinoline (4-mq), was chosen for further characterization as it was the only member of the consortium able to grow on 4-mq in pure culture. lep1 was identified as a sphingomonas sp. based on phylogenetic analysis of 16s rdna. furthermore, the presence of sphingolipids and 2-hydroxy fatty acids in the membrane, and a 63% g + c ratio supports the placement of lep1 in this genus. additional genetic, physiolo ... | 1999 | 10497791 |
| pcpa, which is involved in the degradation of pentachlorophenol in sphingomonas chlorophenolica atcc39723, is a novel type of ring-cleavage dioxygenase. | the pentachlorophenol (pcp) mineralizing bacterium sphingomonas chlorophenolica atcc39723 degrades pcp via 2,6-dichlorohydroquinone (2,6-dchq). the pathway converting pcp to 2,6-dchq has been established previously; however, the pathway beyond 2,6-dchq is not clear, although it has been suggested that a pcpa plays a role in 2, 6-dchq conversion. in this study, pcpa expressed in escherichia coli was purified to homogeneity and shown to have novel ring-cleavage dioxygenase activity in conjunction ... | 1999 | 10526172 |