Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| transient co-expression of post-transcriptional gene silencing suppressors and beta-glucuronidase in harvested lettuce leaf tissue does not improve recombinant protein accumulation in planta. | agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer was used to co-express three virus-derived post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) suppressors, p19 from tomato bushy stunt virus and two species of helper component proteinase (hcpro) from tobacco etch virus (tev) and turnip mosaic virus, with beta-glucuronidase (gus) in harvested lettuce leaf tissue to investigate whether gus accumulation increases in the presence of ptgs suppressors. co-expression incubations were 3-5 days at 4 and 22 degrees c. gus act ... | 2007 | 17206371 |
| aba induction of mir159 controls transcript levels of two myb factors during arabidopsis seed germination. | upon seed imbibition, abscisic acid (aba) levels decrease to allow embryos to germinate and develop into seedlings. however, under abiotic stress conditions, aba levels remain high, and growth and development are arrested. several transcription factors, including abscisic acid-insensitive (abi)3 and abi5, are known to control this developmental checkpoint. here, we show that, in germinating arabidopsis thaliana seeds, aba induces the accumulation of microrna 159 (mir159) in an abi3-dependent fas ... | 2007 | 17217461 |
| identification of new isolates of turnip mosaic virus that cluster with less common viral strains. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) was found infecting cultivated brassicas and wild and cultivated ornamental brassicaceae plants in different regions of spain. five new tumv isolates, originating from different host plant species (brassica cretica, brassica juncea, brassica napus, eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa and sisymbrium orientale), have been identified. the nucleotide sequences of the coat protein (cp) genes of the five isolates were determined. phylogenetic analysis of the cp sequences showed th ... | 2007 | 17347771 |
| sde5, the putative homologue of a human mrna export factor, is required for transgene silencing and accumulation of trans-acting endogenous sirna. | post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) is a sequence-specific rna degradation process conserved in fungi, plants and animals. the trigger of the mechanism is double-stranded rna derived from transgenic or endogenous loci and formed by intra- or inter-molecular interactions of single-stranded rnas or the action of rna-dependent rna polymerases (rdrs). double-stranded rna from various sources is processed by one of the four dicer-like (dcl) proteins in arabidopsis, and the resulting short rnas ... | 2007 | 17397509 |
| spatial analysis of arabidopsis thaliana gene expression in response to turnip mosaic virus infection. | virus-infected leaf tissues comprise a heterogeneous mixture of cells at different stages of infection. the spatial and temporal relationships between sites of virus accumulation and the accompanying host responses, such as altered host gene expression, are not well defined. to address this issue, we utilized turnip mosaic virus (tumv) tagged with the green fluorescent protein to guide the dissection of infection foci into four distinct zones. the abundance of arabidopsis thaliana mrna transcrip ... | 2007 | 17427806 |
| evidence for targeting common sirna hotspots and gc preference by plant dicer-like proteins. | small interfering (si)rnas isolated from brassica juncea leaves infected by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) were characterized by cloning and sequencing. the tumv sirna population was dominated by 21 and 22-nt long species originated mainly from the same sirna hotspots, indicating operational similarity between the plant dicer-like (dcl) enzymes. robust gc bias was observed for tumv sirnas versus the virus genome, indicating that dcl was more likely to target gc-rich regions. furthermore, dicot micro ... | 2007 | 17597620 |
| genetic and molecular variability of a turnip mosaic virus population from horseradish (cochlearia armoracia l.). | variability and genetic structure of a novel turnip mosaic virus (tumv) population from horseradish (cochlearia armoracia l.) were examined. over 60 horseradish plants were tested to identify a total of 28 tumv isolates, constituting the cochlearia armoracia (car) tumv population. two subgroups of the car tumv isolates could be distinguished: subgroup n did not infect oilseed rape (brassica napus var. oleifera) cv. westar plants, while subgroup a infected these plants systemically. two types of ... | 2007 | 17666784 |
| the poly(a) binding protein is internalized in virus-induced vesicles or redistributed to the nucleolus during turnip mosaic virus infection. | poly(a) binding protein 2 (pabp2) of arabidopsis thaliana was previously shown to interact with vpg-pro of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and may consequently play an important role during infection. subcellular fractionation experiments revealed that pabp2 was predominantly a cytoplasmic soluble protein in healthy plants. however, in tumv-infected plants, a subpopulation of pabp2 was membrane associated or was localized in the nucleus. confocal microscopy experiments indicated that pabp2 was partia ... | 2007 | 17670821 |
| effectiveness and stability of heterologous proteins expressed in plants by turnip mosaic virus vector at five different insertion sites. | the n-terminal (nt) regions of particular protein-coding sequences are generally used for in-frame insertion of heterologous open reading frames (orfs) in potyviral vectors for protein expression in plants. an infectious cdna clone of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolate yc5 was engineered at the generally used nt regions of hc-pro and cp, and other possibly permissive sites to investigate their effectiveness to express the gfp (jellyfish green fluorescent protein) and der p 5 (allergen from the d ... | 2007 | 17689817 |
| visualization of the interaction between the precursors of vpg, the viral protein linked to the genome of turnip mosaic virus, and the translation eukaryotic initiation factor iso 4e in planta. | the rna genome of turnip mosaic virus is covalently linked at its 5' end to a viral protein known as vpg. this protein binds to the translation eukaryotic initiation factor iso 4e [eif(iso)4e]. this interaction has been shown to be important for virus infection, although its exact biological function(s) has not been elucidated. in this study, we investigated the subcellular site of the vpg-eif(iso)4e interaction using bimolecular fluorescence complementation (bifc). as a first step, eif(iso)4e, ... | 2007 | 17079311 |
| reactivation of an integrated disabled viral vector using a cre-loxp recombination system in arabidopsis thaliana. | we developed an inactivated dna replicon of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), which was reactivated by a recombination event based on the cre-loxp system. viral replication was prevented by the insertion of a translation terminator sequence flanked by two loxp sites at the junction of the p1-hcpro-coding genes. in vitro recombination was tested with purified cre, which excised the floxed sequence from the tumv dna, leaving a single loxp site in the reactivated viral genome, and restored the open readi ... | 2007 | 17103245 |
| genetic control of broad-spectrum resistance to turnip mosaic virus in brassica rapa (chinese cabbage). | the brassica rapa line rlr22 was resistant to eight diverse turnip mosaic virus (tumv) isolates. a b. rapa genetic map based on 213 marker loci segregating in 120 first back-cross (b(1)) individuals was established and aligned with the b. rapa genome reference map using some of the rflp probes. b(1) individuals were self-pollinated to produce b(1)s(1) families. the existence of two loci controlling resistance to tumv isolate cdn 1 was established from contrasting patterns of segregation for resi ... | 2007 | 17947545 |
| a developmentally linked, dramatic, and transient loss of virus from roots of arabidopsis thaliana plants infected by either of two rna viruses. | possible effects of host developmental stage on the amount of virus present in systemically infected plant tissues hitherto have received little attention. in this study, the pattern of virus accumulation over the plant lifespan has been examined in systemically invaded tissues of arabidopsis thaliana infected by either of two distinct (+)rna viruses: turnip mosaic virus, a member of potyvirus, and oilseed rape mosaic virus, a member of tobamovirus. quantitative analyses of virus coat protein an ... | 2007 | 17990966 |
| veinal necrosis induced by turnip mosaic virus infection in arabidopsis is a form of defense response accompanying hr-like cell death. | in the pathosystems of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) with brassicaceae crops, various symptoms, including mosaic and necrosis, are observed. we previously reported a necrosis-inducing factor tuni in arabidopsis thaliana, a model species. in this study, we show that the necrotic symptom induced by tuni, observed along the veins, was actually a form of defense response accompanying a hypersensitive reaction (hr)-like cell death in the veinal area. the virus is often localized in the necrotic region. ... | 2008 | 18184069 |
| recognition of the hyaloperonospora parasitica effector atr13 triggers resistance against oomycete, bacterial, and viral pathogens. | phytopathogenic oomycetes cause some of the most devastating diseases affecting agricultural crops. hyaloperonospora parasitica is a native oomycete pathogen of arabidopsis and is related to other oomycete phytopathogens that include several species of phytophthora, including the causal agent of potato late blight. recently, four oomycete effector genes have been isolated, and several oomycete genomes have been sequenced. we have developed an efficient and genetically amenable system to test put ... | 2008 | 18198274 |
| heat shock 70 protein interaction with turnip mosaic virus rna-dependent rna polymerase within virus-induced membrane vesicles. | tandem affinity purification was used in arabidopsis thaliana to identify cellular interactors of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp). the heat shock cognate 70-3 (hsc70-3) and poly(a)-binding (pabp) host proteins were recovered and shown to interact with the rdrp in vitro. as previously shown for pabp, hsc70-3 was redistributed to nuclear and membranous fractions in infected plants and both rdrp interactors were co-immunoprecipitated from a membrane-enriched extract u ... | 2008 | 18222516 |
| sequence analysis of cp and hc-pro genes of turnip mosaic virus isolates from china. | fourteen isolates of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) were obtained from the leaves of diseased cruciferous plants in china. according host tests, the isolates were classified into b-host and br-host group. the nucleotide sequences of the coat protein (cp) and helper component proteinase (hc-pro) genes of the isolates were determined. the cp genes consisted of 864 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 288 amino acids. the hc-pro genes comprised 1374 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 458 amino acid ... | 2008 | 18459837 |
| eukaryotic elongation factor 1a interacts with turnip mosaic virus rna-dependent rna polymerase and vpg-pro in virus-induced vesicles. | eukaryotic elongation factor 1-alpha (eef1a) was identified as an interactor of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) and vpg-protease (vpg-pro) using tandem affinity purification and/or in vitro assays. subcellular fractionation experiments revealed that the level of eef1a substantially increased in membrane fractions upon tumv infection. replication of tumv occurs in cytoplasmic membrane vesicles, which are induced by 6k-vpg-pro. confocal microscopy indicated that eef1 ... | 2008 | 18501944 |
| characterization of conserved and novel micrornas and their targets, including a tumv-induced tir-nbs-lrr class r gene-derived novel mirna in brassica. | nine conserved mirna families and three potential novel mirnas in brassica rapa were identified from a small rna library. the expression patterns of some conserved mirnas had different tissue specificity in brassica and arabidopsis. one of the three potential mirnas, named bra-mir1885, was verified as a true functional mirna. it could be induced specifically by turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infection, and target tir-nbs-lrr class disease-resistant transcripts for cleavage. based on the hypothesis f ... | 2008 | 18558089 |
| turnip mosaic virus vpg interacts with arabidopsis thaliana eif(iso)4e and inhibits in vitro translation. | the interaction between turnip mosaic virus (tumv) viral protein linked to the genome (vpg) and arabidopsis thaliana eukaryotic initiation factor (iso)4e (eif(iso)4e) was investigated to address the influence of potyviral vpg on host cellular translational initiation. affinity chromatographic analysis showed that the region comprising amino acids 62-70 of vpg is important for the interaction with eif(iso)4e. in vitro translation analysis showed that the addition of vpg significantly inhibited tr ... | 2008 | 18582528 |
| a role for inositol hexakisphosphate in the maintenance of basal resistance to plant pathogens. | phytic acid (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, insp6) is an important phosphate store and signal molecule in plants. however, low-phytate plants are being developed to minimize the negative health effects of dietary insp6 and pollution caused by undigested insp6 in animal waste. insp6 levels were diminished in transgenic potato plants constitutively expressing an antisense gene sequence for myo-inositol 3-phosphate synthase (ips, catalysing the first step in insp6 biosynthesis) or escherichia coli ... | 2008 | 18643983 |
| arabidopsis thaliana class ii poly(a)-binding proteins are required for efficient multiplication of turnip mosaic virus. | the poly(a)-binding protein (pabp) is an important translation initiation factor that binds to the polyadenylated 3' end of mrna. we have previously shown that pabp2 interacts with the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) and vpg-pro of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) within virus-induced vesicles. at least eight pabp isoforms are produced in arabidopsis thaliana, three of which (pabp2, pabp4 and pabp8) are highly and broadly expressed and probably constitute the bulk of pabp required for cellular fun ... | 2008 | 18753244 |
| identification and sequence analysis of potyviruses infecting crops in vietnam. | fifty-two virus isolates from 13 distinct potyvirus species infecting crops in vietnam were identified and the 3' region of each genome was sequenced. the viruses were: bean common mosaic virus (bcmv), potato virus y (pvy), sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv), sorghum mosaic virus (srmv), chilli veinal mottle virus (chivmv), zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv), leek yellow stripe virus (lymv), shallot yellow stripe virus (sysv), onion yellow dwarf virus (oydv), turnip mosaic virus (tumv), dasheen mosa ... | 2008 | 17906829 |
| turnip mosaic virus genome-linked protein vpg binds c-terminal region of cap-bound initiation factor 4e orthologue without exhibiting host cellular specificity. | to investigate the binding specificity of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) viral protein-genome linked (vpg) with translation initiation factor 4e, we evaluated here the kinetic parameters for the interactions of human eif4e, caenorhabditis elegans ife-3 and ife-5 and arabidopsis eifiso4e, by surface plasmon resonance (spr). the results indicated that tumv vpg does not show a binding preference for arabidopsis eifiso4e, even though it is from a host species whereas the other eif4e orthologues are not. ... | 2009 | 19122207 |
| complete genomic sequence analyses of turnip mosaic virus basal-br isolates from china. | isolates of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) are divided into four molecular lineages based on host range and geographical origins. basal-br is one of the four lineages and represented a new emergent lineage in east asia. in one previous paper, we report the occurrence of basal-br isolates in china. here, we presented the first two complete genomic sequences of chinese tumv basal-br isolates, wflb06 and tanx2. the genomes of both isolates were 9833 nucleotides excluding the poly(a) tail, and had ident ... | 2009 | 19238532 |
| molecular evolution of a viral non-coding sequence under the selective pressure of amirna-mediated silencing. | plant micrornas (mirna) guide cleavage of target mrnas by dicer-like proteins, thereby reducing mrna abundance. native precursor mirnas can be redesigned to target rnas of interest, and one application of such artificial microrna (amirna) technology is to generate plants resistant to pathogenic viruses. transgenic arabidopsis plants expressing amirnas designed to target the genome of two unrelated viruses were resistant, in a highly specific manner, to the appropriate virus. here, we pursued two ... | 2009 | 19247440 |
| synergistic interaction between the potyvirus, turnip mosaic virus and the crinivirus, lettuce infectious yellows virus in plants and protoplasts. | lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv), the type member of the genus crinivirus in the family closteroviridae, is specifically transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly (bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner. liyv infections result in a low virus titer in plants and protoplasts, impeding reverse genetic efforts to analyze liyv gene/protein functions. we found that synergistic interactions occurred in mixed infections of liyv and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) in nicotiana benthamiana plants, an ... | 2009 | 19409943 |
| differential requirement of ribosomal protein s6 by plant rna viruses with different translation initiation strategies. | potyvirus infection has been reported to cause an increase in the mrna transcripts of many plant ribosomal proteins (r-proteins). in this study, increased expression of r-protein mrna transcripts was determined to occur in nicotiana benthamiana during infection by potyviruses as well as a tobamovirus demonstrating that this response is not unique to potyviruses. five r-protein genes, rps6, rpl19, rpl13, rpl7, and rps2, were silenced in n. benthamiana to test their roles in viral infection. the a ... | 2009 | 19524993 |
| application of game theory to the interaction between plant viruses during mixed infections. | natural mixed infections of plant viruses are frequent, often leading to unpredictable variations in symptoms, infectivity, accumulation and/or vector transmissibility. cauliflower mosaic caulimovirus (camv) has often been found in mixed infections with turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) in plants of the genus brassica. this study addressed the effect of mixed infection on infectivity, pathogenicity and accumulation of camv and tumv in arabidopsis thaliana plants inoculated mechanically with cdna in ... | 2009 | 19587130 |
| turnip mosaic virus rna replication complex vesicles are mobile, align with microfilaments, and are each derived from a single viral genome. | nicotiana benthamiana plants were agroinoculated with an infectious cdna clone of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) that was engineered to express a fluorescent protein (green fluorescent protein [gfp] or mcherry) fused to the viral 6k2 protein known to induce vesicle formation. cytoplasmic fluorescent discrete protein structures were observed in infected cells, corresponding to the vesicles containing the viral rna replication complex. the vesicles were motile and aligned with microfilaments. intracel ... | 2009 | 19656892 |
| single amino acid changes in the turnip mosaic virus viral genome-linked protein (vpg) confer virulence towards arabidopsis thaliana mutants knocked out for eukaryotic initiation factors eif(iso)4e and eif(iso)4g. | previous resistance analyses of arabidopsis thaliana mutants knocked out for eukaryotic translation initiation factors showed that disruption of the at-eif(iso)4e or both the at-eif(iso)4g1 and at-eif(iso)4g2 genes resulted in resistance against turnip mosaic virus (tumv). this study selected tumv virulent variants that overcame this resistance and showed that two independent mutations in the region coding for the viral genome-linked protein (vpg) were sufficient to restore tumv virulence in at- ... | 2010 | 19741065 |
| evolutionary trajectory of turnip mosaic virus populations adapting to a new host. | little is known about how some plant viruses establish successful cross-species transmission whilst others do not; the genetic basis for adaptation is largely unknown. this study investigated the genetic changes that occurred using the progeny of an infectious clone, p35tunos, derived from the turnip mosaic virus (tumv) uk 1 isolate, which has a brassica host type, but rarely infects raphanus systemically and then only asymptomatically. the genetic trajectory leading to viral adaptation was stud ... | 2010 | 19906944 |
| the p3 protein of turnip mosaic virus can alone induce hypersensitive response-like cell death in arabidopsis thaliana carrying tuni. | strains tur1 and tuc of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) induce different symptoms on arabidopsis thaliana ecotype landsberg erecta (ler); plants infected with tur1 develop systemic necrosis, while tuc causes mosaics. we previously found that the ler systemic necrosis was controlled by a single dominant gene, tuni (tumv necrosis inducer), and that it was actually a form of host defense response leading to a hypersensitive reaction (hr)-like cell death. to identify the viral factor interacting with tun ... | 2010 | 20064058 |
| hc-pro, a potyvirus rna silencing suppressor, cancels cycling of cucumber mosaic virus in nicotiana benthamiana plants. | the mixed infection of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and a potyvirus has been known to increase cmv titer in nicotiana benthamiana plants, resulting in synergistic viral symptoms. we found that among three potyviruses--potato virus y (pvy), turnip mosaic virus (tumv), and clover yellow vein virus (c1yvv)--synergistic effects on cmv (or a recombinant cmv vector) titers were most efficiently induced by a co-infection with pvy in n. benthamiana plants. in addition, the helper component-proteinase (hc ... | 2010 | 20162445 |
| identification of plant viruses using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprints. | a generic assay to detect and partially characterize unknown viruses from plants was developed. proteins extracted from virus-infected and uninfected plants were separated in one dimension by sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. differentially expressed protein bands were eluted after trypsin digestion and resulting peptide fragments separated according to their mass by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry. resulting peptide mass fingerprint ... | 2010 | 20170682 |
| mutational analysis of the putative pipo of soybean mosaic virus suggests disruption of pipo protein impedes movement. | the presence of a small open reading frame embedded in the p3 cistron of potyvirus turnip mosaic virus, termed "pipo," was recently discovered. we have now studied the putative pipo of soybean mosaic virus (smv). introduction of single, or multiple, stop codon mutations at different locations within pipo, without substitution in polyprotein amino acids, did not abolish replication, but restricted the virus to small cluster of cells within the inoculated leaves. furthermore, extensive mutagenesis ... | 2010 | 20170935 |
| arabidopsis rna-dependent rna polymerases and dicer-like proteins in antiviral defense and small interfering rna biogenesis during turnip mosaic virus infection. | plants respond to virus infections by activation of rna-based silencing, which limits infection at both the single-cell and system levels. viruses encode rna silencing suppressor proteins that interfere with this response. wild-type arabidopsis thaliana is immune to silencing suppressor (hc-pro)-deficient turnip mosaic virus, but immunity was lost in the absence of dicer-like proteins dcl4 and dcl2. systematic analysis of susceptibility and small rna formation in arabidopsis mutants lacking comb ... | 2010 | 20190077 |
| turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is able to use alleles of both eif4e and eif(iso)4e from multiple loci of the diploid brassica rapa. | three copies of eif4e and three copies of eif(iso)4e have been identified and sequenced from a turnip mosaic virus (tumv)-susceptible, inbred, diploid brassica rapa line, r-o-18. one of the copies of eif4e lacked exons 2 and 3 and appeared to be a pseudogene. the two other copies of eif4e and two of the three copies of eif(iso)4e were isolated from a bacterial artificial chromosome library of r-o-18. using an arabidopsis line (col-0::dspm) with a transposon knock-out of the eif(iso)4e gene which ... | 2010 | 20672877 |
| a model for the biogenesis of turnip mosaic virus replication factories. | nicotiana benthamiana plants were agroinfiltrated with an infectious clone of the turnip mosaic virus (tumv) that was engineered to tag replication vesicles with either gfp or mcherry fluorescent proteins. punctuate vesicle structures were observed in the cytoplasm of infected cells corresponding to viral replication factories. the vesicles were highly motile and co-aligned with the microfilaments. utilization of latrunculin b, an inhibitor of microfilament polymerization, reduced accumulation o ... | 2010 | 20798828 |
| mapping the self-interacting domains of tumv hc-pro and the subcellular localization of the protein. | the helper component-proteinase (hc-pro) of potyviruses is a multifunctional protein involved in aphid transmission, polyprotein processing, cell-to-cell and long-distance movement, genome amplification and symptom expression. the hc-pros of several potyviruses interact with themselves but the key domains responsible for self-interaction are apparently not conserved. in our experiments, yeast two-hybrid assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation showed that turnip mosaic virus (tumv) hc ... | 2010 | 20938729 |
| the second face of a known player: arabidopsis silencing suppressor atxrn4 acts organ-specifically. | plant viruses exploit the symplastic transport pathway provided by plasmodesmata by encoding for specialized movement proteins, which interact with host factors to enable viral intracellular and intercellular spread. stable expression of the potato leaf roll virus movement protein mp17 in arabidopsis results in a carbohydrate export block and stunted growth. to identify host factors essential for viral infection, we screened a progeny population of ems (ethyl methanesulfonate)-mutagenized arabid ... | 2010 | 21039560 |
| tissue blot immunoassay and direct rt-pcr of cucumoviruses and potyviruses from the same nitropure nitrocellulose membrane. | a method is described for using nitropure nitrocellulose (npn) membranes as an effective solid matrix for retrieval of template rna of three potyviruses, tobacco etch virus, soybean mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus, and two cucumoviruses, cucumber mosaic virus and peanut stunt virus. these npn membranes were also used for tissue blot immunosorbent assays (tbias) to identify and detect plant viruses. for rna detection, discs from dried membranes blotted with infected tissue were minimally cle ... | 2010 | 21126542 |
| the nuclear inclusion a (nia) protease of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) cleaves amyloid-β. | the nuclear inclusion a (nia) protease of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is responsible for the processing of the viral polyprotein into functional proteins. nia was previously shown to possess a relatively strict substrate specificity with a preference for val-xaa-his-gln↓, with the scissile bond located after gln. the presence of the same consensus sequence, val(12)-his-his-gln(15), near the presumptive α-secretase cleavage site of the amyloid-β (aβ) peptide led us to hypothesize that nia could po ... | 2010 | 21187975 |
| nucleotide bias of dcl and ago in plant anti-virus gene silencing. | plant dicer-like (dcl) and argonaute (ago) are the key enzymes involved in anti-virus post-transcriptional gene silencing (av-ptgs). here we show that av-ptgs exhibited nucleotide preference by calculating a relative av-ptgs efficiency on processing viral rna substrates. in comparison with genome sequences of dicot-infecting turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and monocot-infecting cocksfoot streak virus (csv), viral-derived small interfering rnas (vsirnas) displayed positive correlations between av-ptgs ... | 2010 | 21203927 |
| virus infection suppresses nicotiana benthamiana adaptive phenotypic plasticity. | competition and parasitism are two important selective forces that shape life-histories, migration rates and population dynamics. recently, it has been shown in various pathosystems that parasites can modify intraspecific competition, thus generating an indirect cost of parasitism. here, we investigated if this phenomenon was present in a plant-potyvirus system using two viruses of different virulence (tobacco etch virus and turnip mosaic virus). moreover, we asked if parasitism interacted with ... | 2011 | 21359142 |
| interaction between potyvirus p3 and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) of host plants. | the p3 protein encoded by shallot yellow stripe virus onion isolate (sysv-o) interacted in the yeast two-hybrid (y2h) system and in co-immunoprecipitation (co-ip) assays with the large subunit of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) protein that is encoded by the rbcl gene of its onion host. dissection analysis by y2h showed that the main part of sysv p3 (amino acids 1-390) and onion rbcl (amino acids 1-137) were responsible for the interaction. the p3 proteins encoded b ... | 2011 | 21400205 |
| athsp70-15-deficient arabidopsis plants are characterized by reduced growth, a constitutive cytosolic protein response and enhanced resistance to tumv. | arabidopsis thaliana contains 18 genes encoding hsp70s. this heat shock protein superfamily is divided into two sub-families: dnak and hsp110/sse. in order to functionally characterize members of the hsp70 superfamily, loss-of-function mutants with reduced cytosolic hsp70 expression were studied. athsp70-1 and athsp70-2 are constitutively expressed and represent the major cytosolic hsp70 isoforms under ambient conditions. analysis of single and double mutants did not reveal any difference compar ... | 2011 | 21418353 |
| dynamics of a plant rna virus intracellular accumulation: stamping machine versus geometric replication. | the tremendous evolutionary potential of rna viruses allows them thriving despite host defense mechanisms and endows them with properties as emergence, host switching and virulence. the frequency of mutant viruses after an infectious process results from the interplay between the error rate of the viral replicase, from purifying mechanisms acting after transcription on aberrant rnas, and from the amplification dynamics of virus rna positive (+) and negative (-) strands. two extreme scenarios des ... | 2011 | 21515574 |
| structure of the autocatalytic cysteine protease domain of potyvirus helper-component proteinase. | the helper-component proteinase (hc-pro) of potyvirus is involved in polyprotein processing, aphid transmission and suppression of antiviral rna silencing. there is no high-resolution structure reported for any part of hc-pro, hindering mechanistic understanding of its multiple functions. we have determined the crystal structure of the cysteine protease domain of hc-pro from turnip mosaic virus at 2.0 å resolution. as a protease, hc-pro only cleaves a gly-gly dipeptide at its own c-terminus. the ... | 2011 | 21543324 |
| misregulation of auxin response factor 8 underlies the developmental abnormalities caused by three distinct viral silencing suppressors in arabidopsis. | in arabidopsis, micro (mi)rnas and trans-acting (ta-si)rnas synthesized directly or indirectly through the dicer-like-1 (dcl1) ribonuclease have roles in patterning and hormonal responses, while dcl2,3,4-dependent small-interfering (si)rnas are mainly involved in silencing of transposable elements and antiviral defense. viral suppressors of rna silencing (vsrs) produced by phytoviruses to counter plant defense may perturb plant developmental programs because of the collision of their inhibitory ... | 2011 | 21589905 |
| combinations of a host resistance gene and the ci gene of turnip mosaic virus differentially regulate symptom expression in brassica rapa cultivars. | in the pathosystem of brassica rapa and turnip mosaic virus (tumv), the type of symptoms expressed by susceptible plants are determined by the gene combinations between the host cultivar and virus strain. in this study, we found that the resistance reaction and symptoms such as systemic lethal necrosis, leaf malformation and mosaic were differentially determined, depending on the combinations of the genotypes for a host locus or two closely linked host loci and the viral ci gene. systemic necros ... | 2011 | 21625976 |
| tempo and mode of plant rna virus escape from rnai-mediated resistance. | a biotechnological application of artificial micrornas (amir) is the generation of plants resistant to virus infection. this resistance has proven to be highly effective and sequence-specific. however, before these transgenic plants can be deployed in the fields, it is important to evaluate the likelihood of emergence of resistance-breaking mutants. two issues are of particular interest: (i) whether such mutants can arise in non-transgenic plants that may act as reservoirs; and (ii) whether subo ... | 2011 | 21775453 |
| differences in the mechanism of inoculation between a semipersistent and a non-persistent aphid-transmitted plant virus. | inoculation of the semipersistent cauliflower mosaic virus (camv, genus caulimovirus) is associated to successive brief (5-10 s) intracellular stylet punctures (pd) when aphids probe in epidermal and mesophyll cells. in contrast to non-persistent viruses, there is no evidence of which of the pd sub-phases (ii-1, ii-2 and ii-3) is involved in the inoculation of camv. experiments were conducted using the electrical penetration graph (epg) technique to investigate what particular sub-phases of the ... | 2011 | 22090212 |
| Brief report: genome sequence and construction of an infectious cDNA clone of Ribgrass mosaic virus from Chinese cabbage in Korea. | Ribgrass mosaic virus (RMV) has severely decreased the production and lowered quality of Chinese cabbage co-infected with Turnip mosaic virus (63.4%) in Korea. The complete genome sequence of RMV isolated from Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis was determined. The full genome consisted of 6,304 nucleotides and showed sequence identities of 91.5-94.2% with the corresponding genome of other RMV strains. Full-length cDNA of RMV-Br was amplified by RT-PCR with a 5'-end primer harboring a T7 promoter sequ ... | 2011 | 22143325 |
| light quantity and photosystem function mediate host susceptibility to turnip mosaic virus via a salicylic acid-independent mechanism. | evidence going as far back as the early part of the 20th century suggests that both light and chloroplast function may play key roles in host susceptibility to viruses. despite the long history of such work, confirmation of these phenomena and a determination of the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. here, we revisited these questions using modern imaging technologies to study the susceptibility of nicotiana benthamiana to turnip mosaic virus (tumv). we found that both light deficiency and ph ... | 2011 | 21091158 |
| identification and validation of reference genes for normalization of transcripts from virus-infected arabidopsis thaliana. | real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) of complementary dna is now a standard method for studies of gene expression. however, qpcr can identify genuine variation only when transcript quantities are accurately normalized to an appropriate reference. to identify the most reliable reference genes for transcript quantification by qpcr, we describe a systematic evaluation of candidate reference genes of arabidopsis thaliana ecotype columbia-0 (col-0). twelve genes were selected for t ... | 2011 | 21091160 |
| a plant small polypeptide is a novel component of dna-binding protein phosphatase 1-mediated resistance to plum pox virus in arabidopsis. | dna-binding protein phosphatases (dbps) have been identified as a novel class of plant-specific regulatory factors playing a role in plant-virus interactions. ntdbp1 from tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) was shown to participate in transcriptional regulation of gene expression in response to virus infection in compatible interactions, and atdbp1, its closest relative in the model plant arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), has recently been found to mediate susceptibility to potyvirus, one of the most ... | 2011 | 22021419 |
| vapa, an innovative "virus-acquisition phenotyping assay" opens new horizons in research into the vector-transmission of plant viruses. | host-to-host transmission--a key step in plant virus infection cycles--is ensured predominantly by vectors, especially aphids and related insects. a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of virus acquisition, which is critical to vector-transmission, might help to design future virus control strategies, because any newly discovered molecular or cellular process is a potential target for hampering viral spread within host populations. with this aim in mind, an aphid membrane-feeding assay was de ... | 2011 | 21853093 |
| Detection of plum pox potyviral protein-protein interactions in planta using an optimized mRFP-based bimolecular fluorescence complementation system. | In previous studies, protein interaction maps of different potyviruses have been generated using yeast two-hybrid (YTH) systems, and these maps have demonstrated a high diversity of interactions of potyviral proteins. Using an optimized bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) system, a complete interaction matrix for proteins of a potyvirus was developed for the first time under in planta conditions with ten proteins from plum pox virus (PPV). In total, 52 of 100 possible interactions we ... | 2011 | 21880839 |
| multiple artificial micrornas targeting conserved motifs of the replicase gene confer robust transgenic resistance to negative-sense single-stranded rna plant virus. | micrornas (mirnas) regulate the abundance of target mrnas by guiding cleavage at sequence complementary regions. in this study, artificial mirnas (amirnas) targeting conserved motifs of the l (replicase) gene of watermelon silver mottle virus (wsmov) were constructed using arabidopsis pre-mirna159a as the backbone. the constructs included six single amirnas targeting motifs a, b1, b2, c, d of e, and two triple amirnas targeting motifs ab1e or b2dc. processing of pre-amirnas was confirmed by agro ... | 2011 | 21929564 |
| hijack it, change it: how do plant viruses utilize the host secretory pathway for efficient viral replication and spread? | the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells has an elaborated set of endomembrane compartments involved in the synthesis, modification, and sorting of proteins and lipids. the secretory pathway in plant cells shares many features with that in other eukaryotic cells but also has distinct characteristics important for fundamental cell and developmental processes and for proper immune responses. recently, there has been evidence that the remodeling of this pathway, and often the formation of viral-in ... | 2012 | 23335933 |
| functional analysis of three arabidopsis argonautes using slicer-defective mutants. | in rna-directed silencing pathways, ternary complexes result from small rna-guided argonaute (ago) associating with target transcripts. target transcripts are often silenced through direct cleavage (slicing), destabilization through slicer-independent turnover mechanisms, and translational repression. here, wild-type and active-site defective forms of several arabidopsis thaliana ago proteins involved in posttranscriptional silencing were used to examine several ago functions, including small rn ... | 2012 | 23023169 |
| infection dynamics in viral spread and interference under the synergism between cucumber mosaic virus and turnip mosaic virus. | mixed infection of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) induced more severe symptoms on nicotiana benthamiana than single infection. to dissect the relationships between spatial infection patterns and the 2b protein (2b) of cmv in single or mixed infections, the cmv vectors expressing enhanced green fluorescent or discosoma sp. red fluorescent proteins (egfp [eg] or dsred2 [ds], respectively were constructed from the same wild-type cmv-y and used for inoculation onto n. ben ... | 2012 | 21916556 |
| interaction of the trans-frame potyvirus protein p3n-pipo with host protein pcap1 facilitates potyvirus movement. | a small open reading frame (orf), pipo, overlaps with the p3 coding region of the potyviral polyprotein orf. previous evidence suggested a requirement for pipo for efficient viral cell-to-cell movement. here, we provide immunoblotting evidence that the protein pipo is expressed as a trans-frame protein consisting of the amino-terminal half of p3 fused to pipo (p3n-pipo). p3n-pipo of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) fused to gfp facilitates its own cell-to-cell movement. using a yeast two-hybrid screen ... | 2012 | 22511869 |
| isolation and analysis of small rnas from virus-infected plants. | in this chapter, we detail some of the methods available to the researcher for isolating and analyzing virus-derived small rnas (vsrnas). these methods have been successfully used for four plant viruses: cucumber mosaic virus (cmv), including the cmv y-satellite, turnip mosaic virus (tumv), potato leaf roll virus (plrv), and tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) from inoculated arabidopsis thaliana plants (fusaro et al. embo rep 7:1168-1175, 2006; curtin et al. febs lett 582:2753-2760, 2008). the pro ... | 2012 | 22678580 |
| inhibition of pokeweed antiviral protein (pap) by turnip mosaic virus genome-linked protein (vpg). | pokeweed antiviral protein (pap) from phytolacca americana is a ribosome-inactivating protein (rip) and an rna n-glycosidase that removes specific purine residues from the sarcin/ricin loop of large rrna, arresting protein synthesis at the translocation step. pap is also a cap-binding protein and is a potent antiviral agent against many plant, animal, and human viruses. to elucidate the mechanism of rna depurination, and to understand how pap recognizes and targets various rnas, the interactions ... | 2012 | 22773840 |
| impact on the endoplasmic reticulum and golgi apparatus of turnip mosaic virus infection. | the impact of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infection on the endomembranes of the host early secretory pathway was investigated using an infectious clone that has been engineered for tagging viral membrane structures with a fluorescent protein fused to the viral protein 6k(2). tumv infection led to the amalgamation of the endoplasmic reticulum (er), golgi apparatus, copii coatamers, and chloroplasts into a perinuclear globular structure that also contained viral proteins. one consequence of tumv in ... | 2012 | 22718813 |
| differential accumulation of host mrnas on polyribosomes during obligate pathogen-plant interactions. | plant pathogens elicit dramatic changes in the expression of host genes during both compatible and incompatible interactions. gene expression profiling studies of plant-pathogen interactions have only considered messenger rnas (mrnas) present in total rna, which contains subpopulations of actively translated mrnas associated with polyribosomes (polysomes) and non-translated mrnas that are not associated with polysomes. the goal of this study was to enhance previous gene expression analyses by id ... | 2012 | 22660698 |
| poly(a)-binding protein increases the binding affinity and kinetic rates of interaction of viral protein linked to genome with translation initiation factors eifiso4f and eifiso4f·4b complex. | vpg of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) was previously shown to interact with translation initiation factor eifiso4f and play an important role in mrna translation [khan, m. a., et al. (2008) j. biol. chem.283, 1340-1349]. vpg competed with cap analogue for eifiso4f binding and competitively inhibited cap-dependent translation and enhanced cap-independent translation to give viral rna a significant competitive advantage. to gain further insight into the cap-independent process of initiation of protein ... | 2012 | 22299678 |
| luria-delbruck estimation of turnip mosaic virus mutation rate in vivo. | a potential drawback of recent antiviral therapies based on the transgenic expression of artificial micrornas is the ease with which viruses may generate escape mutations. using a variation of the classic luria-delbrück fluctuation assay, we estimated that the spontaneous mutation rate in the artificial microrna (amir) target of a plant virus was ca. 6 × 10(-5) per replication event. | 2012 | 22238294 |
| [plant potyvirus evolution: the survey of the genetic structure of populations]. | the potyvirus is the largest genus of the largest family of plant rna viruses, the potyviridae. the potyviruses infect not only dicotyledonous but also monocotyledonous plants. the potyvirus phylogeny shows that the genus probably originated from a virus of monocotyledonous plants and that it first diverged approximately 7250 years ago in southwest eurasia or north africa. turnip mosaic virus (tumv) belongs to the genus potyvirus and infects a wide range of plant species, most from the family br ... | 2012 | 24153225 |
| improving initial infectivity of the turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infectious clone by an mini binary vector via agro-infiltration. | the in vivo infectious clone of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), p35s-tumv, was used on plant pathology research for many years. to activate p35s-tumv, the plasmid was mechanically introduced to the local lesion host chenopodium quinoa. however, low infectivity occurred when the tumv from c. quinoa was transferred to the systemic host nicotiana benthamiana. | 2013 | 28510872 |
| the snare protein syp71 is essential for turnip mosaic virus infection by mediating fusion of virus-induced vesicles with chloroplasts. | all positive-strand rna viruses induce the biogenesis of cytoplasmic membrane-bound virus factories for viral genome multiplication. we have previously demonstrated that upon plant potyvirus infection, the potyviral 6k2 integral membrane protein induces the formation of er-derived replication vesicles that subsequently target chloroplasts for robust genome replication. here, we report that following the trafficking of the turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) 6k2 vesicles to chloroplasts, 6k2 vesicles ... | 2013 | 23696741 |
| intra-specific variability and biological relevance of p3n-pipo protein length in potyviruses. | pipo was recently described as a new orf encoded within the genome of the potyviridae family members (pnas 105:5897-5902, 2008). it is embedded within the p3 cistron and is translated in the +2 reading frame relative to the potyviral long orf as the p3n-pipo fusion protein. in this work, we first collected pipo nucleotide sequences available for different isolates of 48 potyvirus species. second, to determine the biological implications of variation in pipo length, we measured infectivity, viral ... | 2013 | 24225158 |
| the absence of eukaryotic initiation factor eif(iso)4e affects the systemic spread of a tobacco etch virus isolate in arabidopsis thaliana. | translation initiation factor eif4e exerts an important role during infection of viral species in the family potyviridae. particularly, a eif(iso)4e family member is required for arabidopsis thaliana susceptibility to turnip mosaic virus, lettuce mosaic virus, and tobacco etch virus (tev). in addition, a resistance mechanism named restriction of tev movement (rtm) in a. thaliana controls the systemic spread of tev in col-0 ecotype. here, we describe that tev-tamps, a mexican isolate, overcomes t ... | 2013 | 23252462 |
| sce1, the sumo-conjugating enzyme in plants that interacts with nib, the rna-dependent rna polymerase of turnip mosaic virus, is required for viral infection. | sumoylation, which is catalyzed by small ubiquitin-like modifier (sumo) enzymes, is a transient, reversible posttranslational protein modification that regulates diverse cellular processes. potyviruses, the largest group of known plant viruses, comprise many agriculturally important viruses, such as turnip mosaic virus (tumv). the potyviral genome encodes 11 mature proteins. to investigate if sumoylation plays a role in potyvirus infection, a yeast two-hybrid screen was performed to examine poss ... | 2013 | 23365455 |
| fate of artificial microrna-mediated resistance to plant viruses in mixed infections. | artificial micrornas (amirnas) are the expression products of engineered microrna (mirna) genes that efficiently and specifically downregulate rnas that contain complementary sequences. transgenic plants expressing high levels of one or more amirnas targeting particular sequences in the genomes of some rna viruses have shown specific resistance to the corresponding virus. this is the case of the arabidopsis thaliana transgenic line 12-4 expressing a high level of the amir159-hc-pro targeting 21 ... | 2013 | 23617337 |
| simultaneous application of heat, drought, and virus to arabidopsis plants reveals significant shifts in signaling networks. | considering global climate change, the incidence of combined drought and heat stress is likely to increase in the future and will considerably influence plant-pathogen interactions. until now, little has been known about plants exposed to simultaneously occurring abiotic and biotic stresses. to shed some light on molecular plant responses to multiple stress factors, a versatile multifactorial test system, allowing simultaneous application of heat, drought, and virus stress, was developed in arab ... | 2013 | 23753177 |
| 6k2-induced vesicles can move cell to cell during turnip mosaic virus infection. | to successfully infect plants, viruses replicate in an initially infected cell and then move to neighboring cells through plasmodesmata (pds). however, the nature of the viral entity that crosses over the cell barrier into non-infected ones is not clear. the membrane-associated 6k2 protein of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) induces the formation of vesicles involved in the replication and intracellular movement of viral rna. this study shows that 6k2-induced vesicles trafficked toward the plasma memb ... | 2013 | 24409170 |
| contribution of host intracellular transport machineries to intercellular movement of turnip mosaic virus. | the contribution of different host cell transport systems in the intercellular movement of turnip mosaic virus (tumv) was investigated. to discriminate between primary infections and secondary infections associated with the virus intercellular movement, a gene cassette expressing gfp-hdel was inserted adjacent to a tumv infectious cassette expressing 6k₂:mcherry, both within the t-dna borders of the binary vector pcambia. in this system, both gene cassettes were delivered to the same cell by a s ... | 2013 | 24098128 |
| plant viral elongated nanoparticles modified for log-increases of foreign peptide immunogenicity and specific antibody detection. | elongated and flexuous recombinant nanoparticles were derived from turnip mosaic virus to be used as bioscaffolds for increased peptide immunogenicity and peptide-specific antibody sensing. for this purpose, a 20-amino acid peptide derived from human vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (vegfr-3) was fused to the n-terminal region of turnip mosaic virus coat protein (cp) by genetic insertion. the insertion was between codons corresponding to the first and second amino acids of the cp in ... | 2013 | 24055625 |
| salicylic acid determines differential senescence produced by two turnip mosaic virus strains involving reactive oxygen species and early transcriptomic changes. | losses produced by virus diseases depend mostly on symptom severity. turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is one of the most damaging and widespread potyvirus infecting members of the family brassicaceae, including arabidopsis thaliana. we used jpn1 and uk1 tumv strains to characterize viral infections regarding symptom development, senescence progression, antioxidant response, reactive oxygen species (ros) accumulation, and transcriptional profiling. both isolates, despite accumulating similar viral tite ... | 2013 | 23945002 |
| genetic diversity of turnip mosaic virus and the mechanism of its transmission by brassica seeds. | 2013 | 23824450 | |
| improving the effectiveness of artificial microrna (amir)-mediated resistance against turnip mosaic virus by combining two amirs or by targeting highly conserved viral genomic regions. | a drawback of recent antiviral therapies based on the transgenic expression of artificial micrornas (amirs) is the ease with which viruses generate escape mutations. here, we show two alternative strategies for improving the effectiveness of resistance in plants. first, we expressed two amirs complementary to independent targets in the viral genome, and second, we designed amirs complementary to highly conserved rna motifs in the viral genome. | 2013 | 23698292 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of rose yellow mosaic virus, a novel member of the family potyviridae. | the complete genomic sequence of rose yellow mosaic virus (roymv) was determined and found to have all the features that are characteristic of members of the family potyviridae. the roymv genome is 9508 nucleotides long excluding the 3'-poly-(a) tail and contains a single open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of 3067 amino acids. the roymv p3 and ci cistrons are shorter than those of other members of the family potyviridae, and the 6k1 cistron is completely absent. comparative sequence analy ... | 2013 | 23553457 |
| turnip mosaic potyvirus probably first spread to eurasian brassica crops from wild orchids about 1000 years ago. | turnip mosaic potyvirus (tumv) is probably the most widespread and damaging virus that infects cultivated brassicas worldwide. previous work has indicated that the virus originated in western eurasia, with all of its closest relatives being viruses of monocotyledonous plants. here we report that we have identified a sister lineage of tumv-like potyviruses (tumv-om) from european orchids. the isolates of tumv-om form a monophyletic sister lineage to the brassica-infecting tumvs (tumv-bis), and ar ... | 2013 | 23405136 |
| genetic variation of the turnip mosaic virus population of vietnam: a case study of founder, regional and local influences. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is one of the most important viruses infecting a wide range of plant species, primarily from the family brassicaceae. thirty tumv isolates were collected from brassica and raphanus plants in vietnam during 2006-2008. host reaction studies showed that many of the isolates belonged to brassica/raphanus (br) host-infecting type. sequence-based phylogenetic and population genetic analyses were made of the complete polyprotein gene sequences, and of four non-recombinogenic ... | 2013 | 23201192 |
| mapping and candidate-gene screening of the novel turnip mosaic virus resistance gene retr02 in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa l.). | the extreme resistance to turnip mosaic virus observed in the chinese cabbage (brassica rapa) line, bp8407, is monogenic and recessive. bulked segregant analysis was carried out to identify simple sequence repeat and indel markers linked to this recessive resistance gene, termed recessive turnip mosaic virus resistance 02 (retr02). mapping of pcr-specific indel markers on 239 individuals of a bp8407 × ji zao chun f(2) population, located this resistance gene to a 0.9-cm interval between two inde ... | 2013 | 22996569 |
| the nia-pro protein of turnip mosaic virus improves growth and reproduction of the aphid vector, myzus persicae (green peach aphid). | many plant viruses depend on aphids and other phloem-feeding insects for transmission within and among host plants. thus, viruses may promote their own transmission by manipulating plant physiology to attract aphids and increase aphid reproduction. consistent with this hypothesis, myzus persicae (green peach aphids) prefer to settle on nicotiana benthamiana infected with turnip mosaic virus (tumv) and fecundity on virus-infected n. benthamiana and arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis) is higher tha ... | 2014 | 24372679 |
| identification and mapping of a novel dominant resistance gene, turb07 to turnip mosaic virus in brassica rapa. | a novel dominant resistance gene, turb07, was found to confer resistance to an isolate of tumv strain c4 in b. rapa line vc1 and mapped on the top of chromosome a06. the inheritance of resistance to turnip mosaic virus in brassica rapa was investigated by crossing the resistant line, vc1 with the susceptible line, sr5, and genotyping and phenotyping diverse progenies derived from this cross. both a doubled haploid population, vcs3m-dh, an f2 and two bc1 (f1 × vc1 and f1 × sr5) populations were c ... | 2014 | 24346479 |
| construction of a genetic map based on high-throughput snp genotyping and genetic mapping of a tumv resistance locus in brassica rapa. | brassica rapa is a member of the brassicaceae family and includes vegetables and oil crops that are cultivated worldwide. the introduction of durable resistance against turnip mosaic virus (tumv) into agronomically important cultivars has been a significant challenge for genetic and horticultural breeding studies of b. rapa. based on our previous genome-wide analysis of dna polymorphisms between the tumv-resistant doubled haploid (dh) line vc40 and the tumv-susceptible dh line sr5, we constructe ... | 2014 | 24326528 |
| multiple copies of eukaryotic translation initiation factors in brassica rapa facilitate redundancy, enabling diversification through variation in splicing and broad-spectrum virus resistance. | recessive strain-specific resistance to a number of plant viruses in the potyvirus genus has been found to be based on mutations in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4e (eif4e) and its isoform, eif(iso)4e. we identified three copies of eif(iso)4e in a number of brassica rapa lines. here we report broad-spectrum resistance to the potyvirus turnip mosaic virus (tumv) due to a natural mechanism based on the mis-splicing of the eif(iso)4e allele in some tumv-resistant b. rapa var. pekinen ... | 2014 | 24274163 |
| genetic control of immunity to turnip mosaic virus (tumv) pathotype 1 in brassica rapa (chinese cabbage). | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) is the major virus infecting crops of the genus brassica worldwide. a dominant resistance gene, turb01b, that confers immunity to the virus isolate uk 1 (a representative pathotype 1 isolate of tumv) on brassica rapa was identified in the chinese cabbage cultivar tropical delight. the turb01b locus was mapped to a 2.9-cm interval on b. rapa chromosome 6 (a6) that was flanked by rflp markers pn101e1 and pw137e1. this mapping used a first backcross (b(1)) population segr ... | 2014 | 25275757 |
| multilocus sequence analysis of 'candidatus phytoplasma asteris' strain and the genome analysis of turnip mosaic virus co-infecting oilseed rape. | molecular characterization of a pathogenic complex infecting winter oilseed rape (brassica napus ssp. oleifera (dc.) metzg.) plants showing typical rape phyllody symptoms along with some atypical changes. | 2014 | 24916721 |
| intracellular cleavage of amyloid β by a viral protease nia prevents amyloid β-mediated cytotoxicity. | nuclear inclusion a (nia) of turnip mosaic virus is a cytosolic protease that cleaves amyloid β (aβ) when heterologously overexpressed. lentivirus-mediated expression of nia in the brains of app(sw)/ps1 mice significantly reduces cerebral aβ levels and plaque depositions, and improves behavioral deficits. here, the effects of nia and neprilysin (nep), a well-known aβ-cleaving protease, on oligomeric aβ-induced cell death were evaluated. nia cleaved monomeric and oligomeric aβ at a similar rate, ... | 2014 | 24915567 |
| genetic analyses of the frnk motif function of turnip mosaic virus uncover multiple and potentially interactive pathways of cross-protection. | cross-protection triggered by a mild strain of virus acts as a prophylaxis to prevent subsequent infections by related viruses in plants; however, the underling mechanisms are not fully understood. through mutagenesis, we isolated a mutant strain of turnip mosaic virus (tumv), named tu-gk, that contains an arg182lys substitution in helper component-proteinase (hc-pro(k)) that confers complete cross-protection against infection by a severe strain of tumv in nicotiana benthamiana, arabidopsis thal ... | 2014 | 24804808 |
| the arabidopsis synaptotagmin syta regulates the cell-to-cell movement of diverse plant viruses. | synaptotagmins are a large gene family in animals that have been extensively characterized due to their role as calcium sensors to regulate synaptic vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis in neurons, and dense core vesicle exocytosis for hormone secretion from neuroendocrine cells. thought to be exclusive to animals, synaptotagmins have recently been characterized in arabidopsis thaliana, in which they comprise a five gene family. using infectivity and leaf-based functional assays, we have shown tha ... | 2014 | 25414709 |
| transgenic brassica rapa plants over-expressing eif(iso)4e variants show broad-spectrum turnip mosaic virus (tumv) resistance. | the protein-protein interaction between vpg (viral protein genome-linked) of potyviruses and eif4e (eukaryotic initiation factor 4e) or eif(iso)4e of their host plants is a critical step in determining viral virulence. in this study, we evaluated the approach of engineering broad-spectrum resistance in chinese cabbage (brassica rapa) to turnip mosaic virus (tumv), which is one of the most important potyviruses, by a systematic knowledge-based approach to interrupt the interaction between tumv vp ... | 2014 | 24417952 |
| effects of temperature on systemic infection and symptom expression of turnip mosaic virus in chinese cabbage (brassica campestris). | using the chinese cabbage (brassica campestris) cultivar 'chun-goang' as a host and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) as a pathogen, we studied the effects of ambient temperature (13°c, 18°c, 23°c, 28°c and 33°c) on disease intensity and the speed of systemic infection. the optimal temperature for symptom expression of tumv was 18-28°c. however, symptoms of viral infection were initiated at 23-28°c and 6 days post infection (dpi). plants maintained at 33°c were systemically infected as early as 6 dpi a ... | 2015 | 26673094 |
| viral strain-specific differential alterations in arabidopsis developmental patterns. | turnip mosaic virus (tumv) infections affect many arabidopsis developmental traits. this paper analyzes, at different levels, the development-related differential alterations induced by different strains of tumv, represented by isolates uk 1 and jpn 1. the genomic sequence of jpn 1 tumv isolate revealed highest divergence in the p1 and p3 viral cistrons, upon comparison with the uk 1 sequence. infectious viral chimeras covering the whole viral genome uncovered the p3 cistron as a major viral det ... | 2015 | 26646245 |