Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| pustulotic arthroosteitis triggered by echovirus 9? | 1993 | 8308799 | |
| sch 38057: a picornavirus capsid-binding molecule with antiviral activity after the initial stage of viral uncoating. | the activity of a new water-soluble molecule, sch 38057, against picornaviruses is described. sch 38057 inhibited plaque formation of selected entero- and rhinoviruses in a range of 10.2 to 29.1 microm (50% endpoint) and had a therapeutic index of 10 against poliovirus type 2 (polio 2) in hela cells. when administered orally or subcutaneously, sch 38057 protected mice infected with either coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) or echovirus-9 from mortality. the molecule provided a low level of protection agai ... | 1993 | 8391247 |
| fatal case of echovirus type 9 encephalitis. | enteroviruses are rare causes of acute focal encephalitis. a fatal case of echovirus type 9 infection is reported in a 9 month old boy who presented with a fever and a macular rash followed by two focal seizures. echovirus type 9 was isolated from lung tissue after seven days. | 1993 | 8227440 |
| laboratory surveillance of viral meningitis by examination of cerebrospinal fluid in cape town, 1981-9. | nine years accumulated laboratory data derived from the culture of the cerebrospinal fluid of 11,360 aseptic meningitis cases were retrospectively reviewed to establish the epidemiology of viral meningitis in cape town. virus was isolated from 3406 of the cases (91% enteroviruses and 9% mumps). five major summer viral meningitis episodes were documented: two of echovirus 4 (706 and 445 cases), echovirus 9 (223), coxsackie a9 (104) and one of unidentified enterovirus (324 cases--probably echo 9). ... | 1993 | 8405162 |
| [epidemiologic study of an outbreak of echovirus type-9 meningitis]. | several agents are able to produce lymphocytic meningitis, but sometimes it's not possible their identification. the viruses are the etiological agents more frequently found, especially enteroviruses, mumps virus and herpes simplex virus, with different epidemiological patterns depending on time and geographic location. most of the infections caused by enteroviruses are asymptomatics. in general the viral meningitis have a good prognostic with an acute benign course and serious signs of neurolog ... | 1994 | 7618039 |
| epidemics of aseptic meningitis due to echovirus 30 in japan. a report of the national epidemiological surveillance of infectious agents in japan. | two rages of epidemic of aseptic meningitis (am) due to echovirus 30 (e30) in japan were analyzed with respect to two sources of information, am incidence and e30 isolation, both gathered through the national epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases. the first e30 epidemic spread throughout japan in 1983 and ceased within the year. the second epidemic, starting in 1989, continued for the three successive years, and in the last year, 1991, the total e30 reports numbered 4,061, the larg ... | 1994 | 7715095 |
| in vivo efficacy of sdz 35-682, a new picornavirus capsid-binding agent. | sdz 35-682 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the replication of members of the picornavirus group. it belongs to the group of uncoating inhibitors binding to the hydrophobic pocket in the capsid of the virion. in cell culture it inhibits several rhinovirus serotypes and echovirus 9 at concentrations as low as 0.1 micrograms/ml. in the echovirus 9 animal model the protective effect of sdz 35-682 was found to be dependent on both, dose of drug and duration of treatment. significant protection ... | 1995 | 7741521 |
| sdz 35-682, a new picornavirus capsid-binding agent with potent antiviral activity. | sdz 35-682 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the replication of members of the picornavirus group. it inhibits several rhinovirus serotypes and echovirus 9 at concentrations as low as 0.1 micrograms/ml, without exerting any effect on cell proliferation up to 30 micrograms/ml. as observed with other capsid-binding antipicornavirus compounds, there is a wide variation in sensitivity of the different serotypes within the rhinovirus group. the point of interference of sdz 35-682 in a single cyc ... | 1995 | 7741522 |
| unique insertion sequence and pattern of cd4 expression in variants selected with immunotoxins from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected t cells. | to study the variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), we used immunotoxins to select for variants within a population of h9 cells persistently infected with a molecular clone of hiv-1 designated nl4-3. chimeric immunotoxin cd4-pe40 (a chimeric fusion protein consisting of the amino-terminal two domains of cd4 and the carboxy-terminal domains of pseudomonas exotoxin a) was used to select for cells lacking cell surface expression of hiv env (envelope proteins gp160, gp120, and g ... | 1995 | 7983770 |
| processing of the envelope glycoprotein gp160 in immunotoxin-resistant cell lines chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. | we describe the isolation and characterization of variant cell lines which are chronically infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and resistant to the action of immunotoxins directed against the hiv envelope protein. these variants all produce normal levels of hiv proteins, budding virions, and the envelope protein precursor gp160. two of the variants, 10e and 11e, contain a mutation within the env gene which results in the production of a truncated precursor and altered processing ... | 1995 | 7474132 |
| echovirus type 9 epidemic in kagoshima, southern japan: seroepidemiology and clinical observation of aseptic meningitis. | an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 9 occurred between march and october, 1990, in kagoshima, southern japan. clinical manifestations and laboratory data of 259 children with aseptic meningitis who were admitted to the outpatient clinic of pediatrics in the kagoshima city hospital were analyzed (other diseases caused by echovirus type 9 were not investigated). the patients' age ranged from 1 month to 15 years and the highest incidence was in 4-year-old children. the male:f ... | 1995 | 8559629 |
| complete nucleotide sequence and biological properties of an infectious clone of prototype echovirus 9. | the prototype hill of echovirus 9, a human enterovirus, exhibits no pathogenicity for newborn mice in contrast to some other echovirus 9 strains isolated subsequently during epidemics. in this communication we report the first complete nucleotide sequence and construction of an infectious clone of echovirus 9. aside from the 3' poly(a)-tract, the rna genome is 7420 nucleotides (nt) in length and encodes a single polyprotein of 2193 amino acids (aa). the open reading frame extends from position 7 ... | 1995 | 8837893 |
| molecular cloning and sequence determination of the complete genome of the virulent echovirus 9 strain barty. | as part of a study of the molecular basis of pathogenicity of echovirus 9, the complete nucleotide sequence of the mouse-virulent echovirus 9 strain barty was determined. excluding the poly(a) tail, the complete rna genome is composed of 7451 bases. the postulated open reading frame extends from nucleotide (nt) 741 to 7349 and predicts a polyprotein of 2203 amino acids (aa). as compared with the sequence of the echovirus 9 prototype strain hill, which is apathogenic for newborn mice, 1492 nt are ... | 1996 | 8879131 |
| viral meningitis due to echovirus types 6 and 9: epidemiological data from western australia. | during the autumn of 1992, western australia experienced a large viral meningitis outbreak of dual aetiology. of the 161 cases, 64% were children under 15 years of age, with the highest notification rate being in children less than 5 years of age. echovirus 9 caused 41% of cases and occurred mainly in the metropolitan areas of western australia whereas echovirus 6, which caused 37% of cases, was more widespread. an enterovirus was cultured from 70% of csf specimens, 88% of faecal specimens and 6 ... | 1996 | 8972676 |
| detection of enterovirus by polymerase chain reaction and culture in cerebrospinal fluid of children with transient neurologic complications associated with acute febrile illness. | cerebrospinal fluid samples collected from 23 children with neurologic symptoms, such as febrile seizures, status epilepticus, and transient altered states of consciousness, associated with acute febrile illness, were examined for infectious virus by cell culture. enteroviruses (echovirus type 9 and coxsackievirus b3) were isolated from 2 of the cerebrospinal fluid samples. the samples were also examined for enterovirus by use of the polymerase chain reaction, which could detect nearly the whole ... | 1997 | 9041348 |
| nucleotide sequencing of a part of the 5'-noncoding region of echovirus type 9 and rapid virus detection during the acute phase of aseptic meningitis. | a part of the 5'-noncoding region of echovirus type 9 isolates was sequenced, and an attempt was made for rapid virus detection in clinical samples obtained from 22 subjects hospitalized with aseptic meningitis. the sequence identity of 440-bp products amplified from the region by rt-pcr was 87.7% between the standard echovirus type 9(hill strain) and the isolates. specific igm antibodies to hill strain were positive in 45.5% by immunofluorescent antibody staining of virus-infected cells. a high ... | 1997 | 9170510 |
| neuroepithelial cells downregulate their plasma membrane polarity prior to neural tube closure and neurogenesis. | cell differentiation often involves changes in cell polarity. in this study we show that neuroepithelial cells, the progenitors of all neurons and macroglial cells of the vertebrate central nervous system, downregulate the polarized delivery to the apical and basolateral plasma membrane domains during development. upon infection of the neuroepithelium of mouse embryos with fowl plague virus (fpv), polarized delivery of the viral envelope hemagglutinin, an apical marker, occurred at the neural pl ... | 1997 | 9486532 |
| cell attachment and mouse virulence of echovirus 9 correlate with an rgd motif in the capsid protein vp1. | the recently analyzed sequences of the nonpathogenic prototype strain hill and the mouse-virulent strain barty of the human echovirus 9 differ particularly in an insertion coding for an rgd motif at the c-terminus of the capsid protein vp1 in the genome of strain barty. to investigate molecular determinants of virulence, we generated a panel of recombinant viruses derived from cdna clones of strains hill and barty. in this communication, we show that the mouse-pathogenic character of strain bart ... | 1997 | 9201224 |
| coxsackievirus b1 infection in infants less than 2 months of age. | most of the neonatal enteroviral infections reported in the literature are associated with coxsackievirus b2-b5 and echovirus 9 and 11. we report a retrospective coxsackievirus b1 (cb1) infection in infants less than 2 months of age. seventeen patients had aseptic meningitis and 8 had systemic sepsis (multi-organ involvement including meningitis, impaired liver function, and abnormality in coagulation). the symptoms and signs were nonspecific and could not be distinguished with bacterial infecti ... | 1998 | 9572369 |
| molecular biological characterization of enterovirus variant isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis. | in korea, there was a big outbreak of aseptic meningitis in 1993. six clinical isolates of enterovirus were obtained from patients with aseptic meningitis and were identified as echovirus type 9 by serotyping with a pool of neutralizing antisera. for molecular characterization of the isolates, the nucleotide sequences of 5'-noncoding region (ncr), vp4, vp2, vp1, 2a and 2c regions of the isolates were compared with the corresponding regions of echovirus type 9 hill and barty strains. unlike hill ... | 1998 | 9873830 |
| rapid subgrouping of nonpolio enterovirus associated with aseptic meningitis by rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) assay. | in korea, there was a big outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to enterovirus infection in 1993. since virus isolation and neutralizing tests are too laborious and time-consuming for the detection of enterovirus from clinical specimen, we have developed a new molecular identification method for rapid subgrouping of isolates from patients with aseptic meningitis. for the rapid subgrouping of isolates, rt-pcr (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) and rflp (restriction fragment length pol ... | 1998 | 9666471 |
| integrin alpha(v)beta3 (vitronectin receptor) is a candidate receptor for the virulent echovirus 9 strain barty. | the enterovirus echovirus 9 strain barty (e9/barty) is pathogenic for newborn mice as well as for humans. in contrast to the apathogenic prototype strain hill, strain barty encodes an rgd motif in the c-terminal part of the structural protein vp1. data are presented that show that e9/barty binds its target cells via contact of the rgd motif to the alpha(v)beta3 integrin (vitronectin receptor), whereas prototype hill uses a different, still unidentified receptor site. furthermore, virus titres of ... | 1999 | 10501481 |
| spontaneous activation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in an immunotoxin-resistant variant t cell line. | we have previously used immunotoxins to select for hiv-1 variant cells that transcribe hiv at extremely low levels and fail to produce hiv proteins. further observation of one of these variants (e9) demonstrated spontaneous in vitro activation of hiv production. the mechanism of activation is different from that of u1 and ach-2, two other cell lines that can be activated to express hiv in vitro. | 1999 | 10515150 |
| dependence of echovirus 9 on the enterovirus rna replication inhibitor 2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole maps to nonstructural protein 2c. | hbb [2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole] selectively inhibits rna synthesis of most enteroviruses. however, isolation of hbb-dependent variants is possible. sequence analysis and characterization of recombinant viruses revealed that hbb dependence maps to the nonstructural protein 2c. a single point mutation at position c(4782)u is sufficient to establish the hbb-dependent phenotype in our echovirus 9 model. | 1999 | 10559374 |
| echovirus 9 strain barty non-structural protein 2c has ntpase activity. | non-structural protein 2c is known to play a fundamental role in the replication of picornaviruses. sequence analyses revealed that 2c belongs to a rapidly expanding group of proteins containing a consensus sequence for nucleotide binding (ntb). we report that echovirus 9 polypeptide 2c displays ntpase activity in vitro. in our experiments, several p2 genes were expressed in escherichia coli as fusion proteins linked to glutathione s-transferase (gst) prior to purification close to homogeneity. ... | 1999 | 10581388 |
| determinants of pathogenicity of echovirus 9 in men: significance of a functional rgd-motif. | in this study, we investigated nine independent echovirus 9 isolates obtained from sick children in 1995. it is discovered that these isolates differ in respect to their pathogenicity for newborn mice indicating that the degree of human pathogenicity of an echovirus 9 variant does not necessarily correlate with mouse pathogenicity. nevertheless, all virus variants are found to code for an rgd-motif within their vp1 protein. hence, the rgd-motif and its highly conserved flanking regions are the c ... | 1999 | 10467665 |
| a genotypic characterization of enteroviral antigenic variants isolated in eastern canada. | antigenic variation within serotypes of enteroviruses can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of routine diagnosis by neutralization assays. the focus of this particular study was to initiate a genetic characterization of echovirus type 9 (e9) antigenic variants and nontypeable strains isolated in canada from 1991 to 1993. all variant strains were initially identified by the serological parameter of neutralization 'breakthrough' during conventional serotyping using the lim-benyesh-mel ... | 1999 | 10082385 |
| [an epidemic of aseptic meningitis caused by echoviruses in fukuoka prefecture during april 1997 to august 1998]. | an epidemic of aseptic meningitis in fukuoka prefecture during april 1997 to august 1998 was studied to determine the serotype of viruses isolated in fukuoka prefecture. in fukuoka prefecture, bimodal peaks were seen in july and december 1997. monthly changes of reported aseptic meningitis patients and period of virus isolation revealed that epidemics of the earlier part in 1997 was caused by echovirus 9 (e 9) and the latter part due to echovirus 30 (e 30). e 9 was isolated mainly in chikugo are ... | 1999 | 10213990 |
| comparative structural analysis of transcriptionally competent and incompetent rotavirus-antibody complexes. | during genome transcription in rotavirus, as with many segmented double-stranded rna viruses, mrna is transcribed within the intact subviral particle and translocated through specific channels in the capsid. to understand how the conformation of the capsid affects the efficiency of transcriptional events in the viral core, we carried out a series of comparative structural and biochemical studies to characterize four different structural forms of the virus exhibiting differing transcriptional beh ... | 1999 | 10318900 |
| outbreak of aseptic meningitis due to echo-9 in northern kyushu island in the summer of 1997. | an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 9 (echo-9) occurred between june and august 1997 in the chikugo area, fukuoka, japan. clinical manifestations and laboratory data of 317 children with aseptic meningitis were analyzed. the age of the patients ranged from 1 month to 12 years with the highest incidence in 4 years old children. the male: female ratio was 2.0:1.0. symptoms of the meningitis included fever (100%), headache (89.5%) and nausea and/or vomiting (85.6%). skin rash ... | 1999 | 10410528 |
| the picornavirus replication inhibitors hbb and guanidine in the echovirus-9 system: the significance of viral protein 2c. | hbb [2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole] and guanidine are potent inhibitors of picornavirus replication. among other evidence, limited cross-resistance and a synergistic effect of both inhibitors suggest similar but not identical mechanisms of antiviral action. echovirus-9 variants resistant to each of these drugs were characterized and sequenced. complete resistance to hbb or guanidine was shown to be due to single but different point mutations in the non-structural protein 2c. protein 2c w ... | 2000 | 10725414 |
| enteroviruses in spain: virological and epidemiological studies over 10 years (1988-97). | a total of 15,662 clinical samples were analysed for enterovirus (ev) isolation in cell cultures during a 10-year period (1988-97). furthermore, 210 isolates of ev obtained in primary laboratories within spain from patients with meningitis were characterized. the total number of ev typed was 758, including 727 non-polio ev and 31 sabin-like (sl) polioviruses. twenty-eight ev serotypes were represented. echoviruses comprised 90% (653/727) of fully typed non-polio ev. the four most prevalent serot ... | 2000 | 10982074 |
| echovirus-9 protein 2c binds single-stranded rna unspecifically. | polypeptide 2c is essential for picornavirus replication. although many data on multiple functions of this highly conserved protein are available, the mechanism of rna binding is still obscure. in this work, protein 2c of echovirus-9 strain barty was expressed as a histidine-tagged protein in e. coli followed by nondenaturing purification to homogeneity. after incubation of 2c protein with different kinds of rna fragments, binding was shown in gel retardation assays. competition experiments reve ... | 2000 | 10993936 |
| acute onset of type i diabetes mellitus after severe echovirus 9 infection: putative pathogenic pathways. | enterovirus infections have been implicated in the development of type i diabetes mellitus. they may cause beta cell destruction either by cytolytic infection in the pancreas or indirectly by contributing to autoimmune reactivity. we sought evidence for these 2 mechanisms in a case of acute-onset diabetes mellitus that occurred during severe echovirus 9 infection. the virus was isolated and administered to cultured human beta cells. no viral proliferation was observed, and no beta cell death was ... | 2000 | 11049787 |
| host selenium status selectively influences susceptibility to experimental viral myocarditis. | the purpose of the present work was to determine whether dietary selenium (se) deficiency could influence the injurious effect of human viruses other than coxsackie virus b3 (cvb3) on mouse heart. weanling c3h/hen mice were fed a se-deficient or se-adequate diet for 4 wk and then were inoculated intraperitoneally with one of the following viruses: coxsackie virus b1 (cvb1), echovirus 9 (ev9), coxsackie virus a9 (cva9), or herpes simplex 1 (hsv1). polio virus 1 (pv1) was employed as a negative co ... | 2001 | 11393307 |
| clustered charge-to-alanine mutagenesis of the vaccinia virus a20 gene: temperature-sensitive mutants have a dna-minus phenotype and are defective in the production of processive dna polymerase activity. | although the vaccinia virus dna polymerase is inherently distributive, a highly processive form of the enzyme exists within the cytoplasm of infected cells (w. f. mcdonald, n. klemperer, and p. traktman, virology 234:168-175, 1997). in the accompanying report we outline the purification of the 49-kda a20 protein as a stoichiometric component of the processive polymerase complex (n. klemperer, w. mcdonald, k. boyle, b. unger, and p. traktman, j. virol. 75:12298-12307, 2001). to complement this bi ... | 2001 | 11711621 |
| echovirus 4 and type 1 diabetes mellitus. | to determine the association between exposure to enteroviruses and type 1 diabetes. | 2001 | 11905853 |
| molecular evolution of human echovirus 9 isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis in northern kyushu during the summer of 1997. | an epidemic of aseptic meningitis caused by human echovirus 9 (e-9) occurred in the summer of 1997 in northern kyushu, japan. sequences of genome position 2504-3358, which encoded a part of vp1, of the nine isolated viruses were determined. an rgd motif and b-c loop were found in all. they were almost identical and closely related to the virulent strain barty. | 2001 | 11762754 |
| design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship of pyridyl imidazolidinones: a novel class of potent and selective human enterovirus 71 inhibitors. | when skeletons of win compounds were used as templates, computer-assisted drug design led to the identification of a novel series of imidazolidinone derivatives with significant antiviral activity against enterovirus 71 (ev 71), the infection of which had resulted in about 80 fatalities during the 1998 epidemic outbreak in taiwan. in addition to inhibiting all the genotypes (a, b, and c) of ev 71 in the submicromolar to low micromolar range, compounds 1 and 8 were extensively evaluated against a ... | 2002 | 11931618 |
| molecular analysis of the echovirus 18 prototype: evidence of interserotypic recombination with echovirus 9. | echovirus 18 (ev18) is one of the echovirus serotypes associated with human diseases and in particular aseptic meningitis. to facilitate studies of the molecular epidemiology of ev18 and the evolution of enteroviruses in general, the complete nucleotide (nt) sequence was determined for the echovirus 18 prototype strain (metcalf, ev18m). excluding the poly a sequence, the genome consists of 7410 nt divided into a 740 nt 5' untranslated region (5' utr), a 6567 nt long open reading frame coding for ... | 2002 | 11955640 |
| functional impairment and killing of human beta cells by enteroviruses: the capacity is shared by a wide range of serotypes, but the extent is a characteristic of individual virus strains. | direct infection of beta cells could explain the diabetogenic effect of enteroviruses. primary adult human beta cells are susceptible to coxsackievirus infections, which could result in impaired beta-cell function or cell death (coxsackieviruses b3, b4, b5) or both, or no apparent immediate adverse effects (coxsackievirus a9). we extended these studies to additional enterovirus serotypes including several echoviruses, some of which have been associated clinically with the development of type i ( ... | 2002 | 12107750 |
| [intrathecal synthesis pattern of immunoglobulins in meningoencephalitis epidemic due to echovirus 9]. | epidemics of meningoencephalitis due to echovirus 9 were commonly occurred when a children population become susceptible for the first time in front the virus. | 2002 | 12436393 |
| enteroviral meningitis in northern jordan: prevalence and association with clinical findings. | during the summer-autumn of 1999, 390 specimens of cerebrospinal fluid were taken from infants and children younger than 15 years of age. they were suspected of having meningitis and were admitted to princess rahma hospital, northern jordan. they were investigated for the presence of enteroviruses using shell vial culture and indirect immunofluorescence assays. most cases (46.9%) occurred in children younger than 1 year of age in which males represented 71.9%. the common symptoms were fever, vom ... | 2002 | 11782931 |
| [safety, stability and immunogenicity of an oral dna vaccine against newcastle disease]. | mice and 3-day-old chickens were orally inoculated with the recombinant attenuated salmonella typhimurium strain zj111 carrying pcdna3-f expression plasmid encoding the fusion protein of newcastle disease virus (ndv). the results showed that zj111/pcdna3-f was relatively safe. the recombinant plasmid pcdna3-f was stable within the host stain zj111 in vitro and in vivo as shown by restriction enzyme analysis and pcr identification of the f gene. in an experimental vaccination study, 3-day-old chi ... | 2003 | 15969031 |
| developmental distribution of coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor localized in the nervous system. | mouse coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (mcar), which was isolated from the nerve growth cone-enriched fraction of newborn mouse brains, is a member of immunoglobulin-super family, and functions as a homophilic adhesion molecule. we observed the expression of mcar in embryos to adult tissues by means of immunohistochemical analysis with a peptide antibody. mcar expression was first detected in the embryonic ectoderm in the uterus on embryonic day 6.5 (e6.5). then it was strongly expressed ... | 2003 | 12763576 |
| deletion of pe38 attenuates acmnpv genome replication, budded virus production, and virulence in heliothis virescens. | the pe38 gene product of autographa californica m nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) has been shown to be involved in transcriptionally transactivating viral genes and augmenting viral dna replication in transient assays. to assess the role of pe38 during infection, we generated a knockout virus, delta pe38-e9/e9, in which the pe38 open reading frame was replaced with that of the green fluorescent protein. we compared mutant and wild-type (wt) viral replication in insect cell culture and virulence in ... | 2003 | 12781710 |
| outbreaks of aseptic meningitis associated with echoviruses 9 and 30 and preliminary surveillance reports on enterovirus activity--united states, 2003. | aseptic or viral meningitis is the most common type of meningitis and is associated with an estimated 26,000--42,000 hospitalizations each year in the united states. enteroviruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis. echovirus 9 (e9) and echovirus 30 (e30) have been associated frequently with outbreaks of aseptic meningitis. during march 2003, several state public health departments noted increased reports of aseptic meningitis and, as of august 7, seven states (arizona, california, ... | 2003 | 12917581 |
| molecular and biological analysis of echovirus 9 strain isolated from a diabetic child. | the full-length infectious cdna clone was constructed and sequenced from the strain dm of echovirus 9, which was recently isolated from a 6-week-old child at the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes. parallel with the isolate dm, the full-length infectious cdna clone of the prototype strain echovirus 9 barty (barty-inf), was constructed and sequenced. genetic relationships of the sequenced echo 9 viruses to the other members of the human enterovirus type b species were studied by phylogenetic analy ... | 2003 | 12601761 |
| raxl regulates chick ganglion cell development. | raxl is a paired-like homeobox gene involved in vertebrate eye morphogenesis. we examined raxl protein expression patterns during chick retinal development in combination with ganglion cell markers including the ra4 antigen, cbrn-3, islet-1 and neuronal type iii beta-tubulin. double-immunostaining demonstrated that downregulation of raxl protein correlates with upregulation of ganglion cell markers in the ganglion cell layer (gcl). to explore this correlation in vivo, we performed gain- and loss ... | 2003 | 12963109 |
| expression of transgenes in primary neurons from chick peripheral and central nervous systems by retroviral infection of early embryos. | many cell biological studies require the expression of transgenes in cells in culture, but it is difficult to obtain uniform, stable, and efficient expression of transgenes in primary neurons. we have approached this problem by adapting from developmental biologists the avian retroviral vector, rcas. this vector allows the introduction of a transgene by infection early in chick embryonic development. transgenes that are less than 2.6 kb in size can be cloned through an adapter vector, slax 12 nc ... | 2003 | 12884700 |
| detection of enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, and chlamydia pneumoniae in atheromas. | to investigate the presence of infectious agents in human atherosclerotic arterial tissues. atherosclerotic plaques were removed from 128 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy or other bypass procedures for occlusive disease, and from twenty normal arterial wall samples, obtained from transplant donors with no history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, or hyperlipidemia. using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or reverse transcription-pcr, these samples were analyzed for the presence of ... | 2004 | 15650686 |
| buthionine sulfoximine inhibits cytopathic effect and apoptosis induced by infection with human echovirus 9. | we studied the effect of buthionine sulfoximine (bso) on the replication of an isolate of human echovirus 9 (ev9) and the apoptosis induced by it in gmk cells. one hundred microm bso markedly inhibited the cytopathic effect (cpe) induced by ev9. bso also significantly inhibited apoptosis induced by ev9. bso did not influence replication of ev9 genome, but inhibited virion formation. these results suggest that the inhibition by bso of cpe and apoptosis induced by ev9 may be associated with the im ... | 2004 | 15168199 |
| aseptic meningitis outbreak associated with echovirus 9 among recreational vehicle campers--connecticut, 2003. | aseptic meningitis is an inflammation of the tissues covering the brain and spinal cord and caused by a virus, most frequently an enterovirus. in august 2003, the connecticut department of public health (cdph) received a report of three viral meningitis cases among recreational vehicle (rv) campers staying at a campground in northeastern connecticut. cdph, assisted by cdc, conducted an investigation, which 1) identified a total of 12 cases of aseptic meningitis and 24 cases of enterovirus-like i ... | 2004 | 15306755 |
| characterization of nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from patients with aseptic meningitis in korea. | we attempted to characterize nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from korean patients with aseptic meningitis. | 2005 | 15812181 |
| vaccinia virus uracil dna glycosylase interacts with the a20 protein to form a heterodimeric processivity factor for the viral dna polymerase. | the vaccinia virus e9 protein, the catalytic subunit of the dna polymerase holoenzyme, is inherently distributive under physiological conditions, although infected cells contain a highly processive form of the enzyme. the viral a20 protein was previously characterized as a stoichiometric component of the processivity factor, and an interaction between a20 and e9 was documented in vivo. a20 has been shown to interact with d4, the virally encoded uracil dna glycosylase (udg), by yeast-two hybrid a ... | 2006 | 16326701 |
| enterovirus surveillance--united states, 2002-2004. | enteroviruses are common viruses associated with diverse clinical syndromes, ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis). a total of 68 enterovirus serotypes are recognized, including 65 nonpolio enteroviruses. individual serotypes have different temporal patterns of circulation and can be associated with different clinical manifestations. this report describes trends ... | 2006 | 16484979 |
| polioviruses and other enteroviruses isolated from faecal samples of patients with acute flaccid paralysis in australia, 1996-2004. | acute flaccid paralysis (afp) is the most common clinical presentation of acute poliovirus infection, occurring in 0.1-1% of infected cases. afp surveillance has been used world-wide to monitor the control and eradication of circulating wild poliovirus. this study aims to review the significance of all enteroviruses, including polioviruses, isolated from patients with afp in australia between 1996 and 2004. | 2006 | 16737480 |
| [cloning of f gene of newcastle disease virus heb02 isolate and the study of its dna vaccine]. | in order to amplify f gene of ndv heb02 strain, one pair of primers was designed according to the genbank sequence, and a 1.66 kb f gene fragment was obtained by rt-pcr. sequence analysis indicated that the homologies of the nucleotide sequence of heb02 strain to those of f48 e9, la sota and clone30 strains were 88.1%, 84.9% and 83.8% respectively. the expression plasmid psv-f was constructed by inserting the f gene into the pvax1 vector, and transfected into the cultured cos 7 cell line via lip ... | 2006 | 16755925 |
| enterovirus meningitis in greece from 2003-2005: diagnosis, csf laboratory findings, and clinical manifestations. | enteroviruses (evs) are the most commonly identified cause of aseptic meningitis. rapid detection and characterization of ev meningitis is essential in making decisions for patient management and treatment. a total of 52 cases of acute aseptic meningitis that occurred from march 2003 to april 2005 were investigated for evs using viral culture and/or molecular methods directly in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). evs were detected in 21 out of 52 (40.4%) patients using reverse transcription-pcr (rt- ... | 2006 | 16960900 |
| molecular typing of enteroviruses associated with viral meningitis in cyprus, 2000-2002. | human enteroviruses are responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical diseases affecting many different organ systems. although infection is usually asymptomatic, infections of the central nervous system manifested as meningitis or encephalitis can pose a serious public health problem, especially during outbreaks. in this study, samples from 218 patients diagnosed with enteroviral meningitis between january 2000 and december 2002 were analysed in order to assess the epidemiology of human enterovir ... | 2006 | 16849723 |
| comparison of multiple shell vial cell lines for isolation of enteroviruses: a national perspective. | isolation of enterovirus in cell culture is still utilized by clinical laboratories, for vaccine research, and for identifying serotypes for disease surveillance. use of a combination of cell lines is recommended yet this practice has not been rigorously examined for shell vials. | 2006 | 16884950 |
| molecular and epidemiologic analysis of enterovirus b neurological infection in argentine children. | human enteroviruses are one of the major causes of central nervous system (cns) infections in pediatrics. | 2006 | 16982209 |
| molecular characterization of enteroviruses isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis in korea, 2005. | enteroviruses are the most common causative agents of aseptic meningitis. in 2005, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis occurred in seoul, korea, which appeared to be caused by certain enterovirus strains. this study analyzed the clinical isolates from 24 different aseptic meningitis patients at our center from january to september 2005. serotyping using type-specific antisera, rt-pcr, and direct sequencing of the 5' noncoding and vp1 regions were carried out. the serotyping study identified 15 cox ... | 2007 | 17238012 |
| genetic and phenotypic diversity of echovirus 30 strains and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. | several enterovirus serotypes should be considered as potentially diabetogenic. the capacity of an enterovirus to kill or impair the functions of human beta-cells can vary among the strains within a given serotype as shown previously for echovirus 9 and 30 (e-30). the evolution of e-30 has also shown patterns correlating with the global increase of type 1 diabetes incidence. in the present study, antigenic properties of a set of e-30 isolates were investigated and the results correlated with the ... | 2007 | 17516516 |
| downregulated expression of metallothionein and its clinicopathological significance in hepatocellular carcinoma. | aim: metallothionein (mt) protein is related to different stages of development and progression of various tumors in humans. the aim of the present study was to investigate expression and localization of mt and their association with clinicopathological characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). methods: histological specimens of 400 hcc with corresponding non-cancerous liver tissues were stained for mt (e9), p53 and ki-67 by immunohistochemical staining using tissue microarrays. rna exp ... | 2007 | 17517078 |
| identification of antibacterial and antiviral activities of novel fused 1,2,4-triazine esters. | the in vitro biological activities of novel derivatives of methyl and ethyl 2-(4-oxo-8-aryl-2h-3,4,6,7-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-c][1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)acetates (3a, 3d-j) have been evaluated and are reported. the final heterobicycles (3a-j) were obtained from monocyclic 1-aryl-2-hydrazonoimidazolidines (2a-f) by addition and cyclization reaction with fumaric acid esters. in particular, compounds 3d and 3e were found to exhibit comparable antibacterial potencies in vitro as that of ampicillin. hetero ... | 2007 | 17572093 |
| echovirus 15 and autumn meningitis outbreak among children, patras, greece, 2005. | enteroviruses are the most common cause of aseptic meningitis, presenting in epidemic or endemic form. | 2007 | 17662647 |
| isothiazole derivatives as antiviral agents. | we recently described the synthesis and antiviral activity of the compounds 5-phenyl-3-(4-cyano-5-phenylisothiazol-3-yl) disulphanyl-4-isothiazolecarbonitrile and s-(4-cyano-5-phenylisothiazol -3-yl)-o-ethyl thiocarbonate, which were found to be effective against both hiv-1 (iiib) and hiv-2 (rod). we have now evaluated these compounds against both rna and dna viruses, obtaining high selectivity indexes for poliovirus 1 (si: 223 and 828, respectively) and echovirus 9 (si: 334 and 200, respectivel ... | 2007 | 18046960 |
| anti-enterovirus activity and structure-activity relationship of a series of 2,6-dihalophenyl-substituted 1h,3h-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles. | despite the fact that enteroviruses are implicated in a variety of human diseases, there is no approved therapy for the treatment of enteroviral infections. here, a series of 2,6-dihalophenyl-substituted 1h,3h-thiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazoles with anti-enterovirus activity is reported. the compounds elicit potent activity against coxsackievirus a9, echovirus 9 and 11 and all six strains of coxsackievirus b. a structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that the presence of substituents at pos ... | 2007 | 17194441 |
| maternal infection leads to abnormal gene regulation and brain atrophy in mouse offspring: implications for genesis of neurodevelopmental disorders. | prenatal viral infection has been associated with development of schizophrenia and autism. our laboratory has previously shown that viral infection causes deleterious effects on brain structure and function in mouse offspring following late first trimester (e9) administration of influenza virus. we hypothesized that late second trimester infection (e18) in mice may lead to a different pattern of brain gene expression and structural defects in the developing offspring. c57bl6j mice were infected ... | 2008 | 18248790 |
| identification of polymerase and processivity inhibitors of vaccinia dna synthesis using a stepwise screening approach. | nearly all dna polymerases require processivity factors to ensure continuous incorporation of nucleotides. processivity factors are specific for their cognate dna polymerases. for this reason, the vaccinia dna polymerase (e9) and the proteins associated with processivity (a20 and d4) are excellent therapeutic targets. in this study, we show the utility of stepwise rapid plate assays that (i) screen for compounds that block vaccinia dna synthesis, (ii) eliminate trivial inhibitors, e.g. dna inter ... | 2008 | 18621425 |
| dopamine and serotonin levels following prenatal viral infection in mouse--implications for psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. | prenatal viral infection has been associated with neurodevelopmental disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. it has previously been demonstrated that viral infection causes deleterious effects on brain structure and function in mouse offspring following late first trimester (e9) and middle-late second trimester (e18) administration of influenza virus. neurochemical analysis following infection on e18 using this model has revealed significantly altered levels of serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacet ... | 2008 | 18693086 |
| activation of the maternal immune system alters cerebellar development in the offspring. | a common pathological finding in autism is a localized deficit in purkinje cells (pcs). cerebellar abnormalities have also been reported in schizophrenia. using a mouse model that exploits a known risk factor for these disorders, maternal infection, we asked if the offspring of pregnant mice given a mid-gestation respiratory infection have cerebellar pathology resembling that seen in these disorders. we also tested the effects of maternal immune activation in the absence of virus by injection of ... | 2009 | 18755264 |
| anti-enterovirus 71 activity screening of chinese herbs with anti-infection and inflammation activities. | antipyretic and toxin-eliminating traditional chinese herbs are believed to possess antiviral activity. in this study, we screened extracts of 22 herbs for activity against enterovirus 71 (ev71). we found that only extracts of houttuynia cordata thunb. could neutralize ev71-induced cytopathic effects in vero cells. the 50% inhibitory concentration of h. cordata extract for ev71 was 125.92 +/- 27.84 mug/ml. antiviral screening of herb extracts was also conducted on 3 genotypes of ev71, coxsackiev ... | 2009 | 19222118 |
| abnormal differentiation, hyperplasia and embryonic/perinatal lethality in bk5-t/t transgenic mice. | the cell-of-origin has a great impact on the types of tumors that develop and the stem/progenitor cells have long been considered main targets of malignant transformation. the sv40 (sv40-simian virus 40) large t and small t antigens (t/t), have been targeted to multiple-differentiated cellular compartments in transgenic mice. in most of these studies, transgenic animals develop tumors without apparent defects in animal development. in this study, we used the bovine keratin 5 (bk5) promoter to ta ... | 2009 | 19272531 |
| development and validation of an immunogold chromatographic test for on-farm detection of prrsv. | an immunochromatographic test strip was developed to detect porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). the test uses two gold-labeled monoclonal antibodies: d5 against recombinant nucleocapsid protein (rn) and e9 against recombinant m protein (rm). in the test, prrsv binds to a mixture of d5 and e9 labeled with colloidal gold; the complexes move through a membrane and are captured by rabbit anti-rm and anti-rn antibodies at a test line, producing a reddish-purple band because o ... | 2009 | 19427332 |
| inhibition of vaccinia virus replication by peptide aptamers. | a20 protein is a major component of the vaccinia virus replication complex. it binds to the dna polymerase e9, the uracil dna glycosylase d4 and the primase/helicase d5, three proteins that are essential for viral dna synthesis. the identification of molecules able to interact with the replication complex and inhibit its activity is a promising strategy for the design of new anti-orthopoxvirus drugs. in this study, we used a yeast genetic approach to select, from combinatorial libraries, 8-mers ... | 2009 | 19428604 |
| abnormal expression of myelination genes and alterations in white matter fractional anisotropy following prenatal viral influenza infection at e16 in mice. | prenatal viral infection has been associated with the development of schizophrenia and autism. our laboratory has previously shown that viral infection causes deleterious effects on brain structure and function in mouse offspring following late first trimester (e9) and late second trimester (e18) administration of influenza virus. we hypothesized that middle second trimester infection (e16) in mice may lead to a different pattern of brain gene expression and structural defects in the developing ... | 2009 | 19487109 |
| [aseptic meningitis season caused by enteroviruses in 2007: molecular-epidemiological aspects]. | analysis of manifestation of epidemic process of aseptic meningitis and causes of its activation using molecular genetic methods. | 2009 | 19459473 |
| echovirus type 9 is an important cause of viral encephalitis among infants and young children in kuwait. | the role of enteroviruses in encephalitis is not fully established. | 2009 | 19081296 |
| [etiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in guangzhou in 2008]. | to understand the etiology of hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd) in guangzhou area in 2008. | 2010 | 20426938 |
| pyrazole compound bpr1p0034 with potent and selective anti-influenza virus activity. | influenza viruses are a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. more recently, a swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) virus that is spreading via human-to-human transmission has become a serious public concern. although vaccination is the primary strategy for preventing infections, influenza antiviral drugs play an important role in a comprehensive approach to controlling illness and transmission. in addition, a search for influenza-inhibiting drugs is particularly important in the f ... | 2010 | 20178582 |
| enteroviruses in spain over the decade 1998-2007: virological and epidemiological studies. | human enteroviruses (hev) are the commonest cause of viral meningitis as well as other pathologies, therefore hev characterization is important both in patient management and epidemiological investigation. | 2010 | 20007023 |
| vitronectin receptors, alpha v integrins, are recognized by several non-rgd-containing echoviruses in a continuous laboratory cell line and also in primary human langerhans' islets and endothelial cells. | previously published data suggest that the rgd-recognizing integrin, alphavbeta3, known as the vitronectin receptor, acts as a cellular receptor for rgd-containing enteroviruses, coxsackievirus a9 (cav-9) and echovirus 9 (e-9), in several continuous cell lines as well as in primary human langerhans' islets. as this receptor is also capable of binding the ligands by a non-rgd-dependent mechanism, we investigated whether vitronectin receptors, alpha v integrins, might act as receptors for other ec ... | 2010 | 19776235 |
| 9-arylpurines as a novel class of enterovirus inhibitors. | here we report on a novel class of enterovirus inhibitors that can be structurally described as 9-arylpurines. these compounds elicit activity against a variety of enteroviruses in the low microm range including coxsackie virus a16, a21, a24, coxsackie virus b3, and echovirus 9. structure-activity relationship (sar) studies indicate that a chlorine or bromine atom is required at position 6 of the purine ring for antiviral activity. the most selective compounds in this series inhibited coxsackie ... | 2010 | 19924996 |
| molecular identification of enteroviruses including two new types (ev-98 and ev-107) isolated from japanese travellers from asian countries. | of 58 enterovirus strains isolated from japanese travellers returning from asian countries, eight were non-serotypable with existing antisera. by sequencing a part of the vp1 region, six of these strains were typed as echovirus 9, enterovirus (ev)-73, ev-79 or ev-97. the nucleotide identity of the vp1 region of isolate t92-1499 to all enterovirus prototypes was <70 %. the vp1 sequence of isolate tn94-0349 was closely related to coxsackievirus (cv)-a9 (73.3 % nucleotide identity), but the virus c ... | 2010 | 19955564 |
| epidemiologic features and virus isolation of enteroviruses in northern taiwan during 2000-2008. | the susceptibility of five cell lines, rd, mrc-5, mk-2, hep-2 and a549, for various serotypes of human enteroviruses was evaluated. rd cells were susceptible to most serotypes of enteroviruses, especially for human enterovirus a. consequently, a high prevalence of human enterovirus a in taiwan may reflect the relative importance of rd cells in the clinical virology laboratory. however, susceptibilities of rd cells to coxsackievirus a9 and a24, and echovirus 9 and 11 were exceptionally low. alter ... | 2010 | 20214926 |
| evolutionary dynamics and temporal/geographical correlates of recombination in the human enterovirus echovirus types 9, 11, and 30. | the relationship between virus evolution and recombination in species b human enteroviruses was investigated through large-scale genetic analysis of echovirus type 9 (e9) and e11 isolates (n = 85 and 116) from 16 european, african, and asian countries between 1995 and 2008. cluster 1 e9 isolates and genotype d5 and a e11 isolates showed evidence of frequent recombination between the vp1 and 3dpol regions, the latter falling into 23 (e9) and 43 (e11) clades interspersed phylogenetically with 46 3 ... | 2010 | 20610722 |
| nonpolio enterovirus and human parechovirus surveillance --- united states, 2006-2008. | enteroviruses, members of the picornaviridae family, are common viruses associated with clinical manifestations ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to serious conditions, including aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, neonatal sepsis, and acute flaccid paralysis. approximately 100 serotypes of nonpolio enteroviruses have been recognized, and some viruses previously classified as enteroviruses, namely echovirus 22 and 23, recently have been reclassified as human parechoviruses (hpevs), a differen ... | 2010 | 21150865 |
| clinical features of echovirus 6 and 9 infections in children. | clinical features of echovirus 6 and 9 infections in children have not been comprehensively evaluated, particularly for sporadic cases. | 2010 | 20729140 |
| echoviruses are a major cause of aseptic meningitis in infants and young children in kuwait. | the etiologic agents of aseptic meningitis (am) often include human enteroviruses. the role of enteroviruses causing am in young children was investigated during a 3-year period in kuwait. | 2010 | 20846386 |
| vaccinia virus d4 mutants defective in processive dna synthesis retain binding to a20 and dna. | genome replication is inefficient without processivity factors, which tether dna polymerases to their templates. the vaccinia virus dna polymerase e9 requires two viral proteins, a20 and d4, for processive dna synthesis, yet the mechanism of how this tricomplex functions is unknown. this study confirms that these three proteins are necessary and sufficient for processivity, and it focuses on the role of d4, which also functions as a uracil dna glycosylase (udg) repair enzyme. a series of d4 muta ... | 2010 | 20861259 |
| comparison of human parechovirus and enterovirus detection frequencies in cerebrospinal fluid samples collected over a 5-year period in edinburgh: hpev type 3 identified as the most common picornavirus type. | human enteroviruses (evs) and more recently parechoviruses (hpevs) have been identified as the principal viral causes of neonatal sepsis-like disease and meningitis. the relative frequencies of specific ev and hpev types were determined over a 5-year surveillance period using highly sensitive ev and hpev pcr assays for screening 4,168 cerebrospinal fluid (csf) specimens collected from hospitalized individuals between 2005 and 2010 in edinburgh. positive csf samples were typed by sequencing of vp ... | 2011 | 21412796 |
| identification of inhibitors that block vaccinia virus infection by targeting the dna synthesis processivity factor d4. | smallpox was globally eradicated 30 years ago by vaccination. the recent threat of bioterrorism demands the development of improved vaccines and novel therapeutics to effectively preclude a reemergence of smallpox. one new therapeutic target is the vaccinia poxvirus processivity complex, comprising d4 and a20 proteins that enable the viral e9 dna polymerase to synthesize extended strands. five compounds identified from an alphascreen assay designed to disrupt a20:d4 binding were shown to be effe ... | 2011 | 21438571 |
| enteroviral meningitis and concurrent peripheral motor axonal polyneuropathy. | enteroviral infections can cause acute flaccid paralysis resulting from anterior myelitis, but the occurrence of axonal polyneuropathy is not well described. we report an 8-year-old boy who presented with symmetric, ascending flaccid paralysis and was diagnosed with concurrent echovirus type 9 viral meningitis. | 2011 | 22016083 |
| the association of recombination events in the founding and emergence of subgenogroup evolutionary lineages of human enterovirus 71. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) is responsible for frequent large scale outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease worldwide, and represent a major aetiological agent of severe, sometime fatal neurological disease. ev71 variants have been classified into three genogroups (gga, ggb, ggc), the latter two further subdivided into subgenogroups, b1-b5 and c1-c5. to investigate the dual roles of recombination and evolution in the epidemiology and transmission of ev71 worldwide, we performed a large scale genetic ... | 2011 | 22205739 |
| [etiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in qingdao during 2008-2009]. | an etiology study on hfmd in qingdao region during 2008-2009 was conducted. the virus rna were isolated from throat swabs of hfmd,the ev, ev71 and cva16 were detected by multiplex realtime rt-pcr. for those specimens with ev positive and both ev71 and cva16 negative,a reverese transcription-seminested polymerase chain reaction (rt-snpcr) was perfomed to amplify part sequence of the vp1 gene for sabsequent analysis to identify the serotype. the results indicated that ev71 and cva16 were the major ... | 2011 | 21998955 |
| Synthesis and in vitro study of antiviral and virucidal activity of novel 2-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide derivatives. | 2-[(4-Methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]acetamide derivatives were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, and elemental analysis. Cytotoxicity of the compounds towards HEK-293 and GMK cells was evaluated. Moreover, the antiviral and virucidal activities of these compounds against human adenovirus type 5 and ECHO-9 virus were assessed. Some of the newly synthesized derivatives have the potential to reduce the viral replication of both tested viruses. | 2011 | 21950156 |
| [molecular genetic echovirus 9 variants identified in patients with aseptic meningitis in russia in 2007-2009]. | in 2009 echovirus 9 caused a higher seasonal incidence of enterovirus infection (evi) and its several outbreaks in a number of regions of russia. analysis of the partial vp1 coding region differentiated 4 phylogenetic lineages of echoviruses 9 variants identified in patients with aseptic meningitis and evi in 2007-2009. one variant of echovirus 9 was most commonly encountered in 2009. echoviruses 9 identified in different areas, which had a high (98.2-100%) homology of nucleotide sequences of th ... | 2011 | 22359948 |
| molecular typing and epidemiology of enteroviruses in cyprus, 2003-2007. | human enteroviruses (hevs) are responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical diseases. even though usually associated with non-specific febrile illness, they are the most common cause of viral meningitis, pose a serious public health problem, especially during outbreaks. rapid detection and identification of hev serotypes, in clinical specimens is important in appropriate patients management and epidemiological investigation. a 5-year study (2003-2007) of clinical specimens from patients with vira ... | 2011 | 21596905 |