Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| bovine abortion associated with mixed movar 33/63 type herpesvirus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. | a herpesvirus and cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus were isolated from a bovine fetus aborted in the 6th month of gestation. the herpesvirus was serologically indistinguishable from bovine herpesviruses dn-599 and movar 33/63. | 1979 | 222535 |
| reproductive performance of apparently healthy cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | a holstein-friesian bull and three holstein-friesian cows were seronegative for bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus but were persistently infected with the virus. virus was isolated from buffy coat cells and nasal and lacrimal secretions during their lifetime, and they remained free of clinical signs of bvd. the three cows were pregnant when purchased, and they gave birth to full-term calves. one calf lived only a few hours, one calf became ill and died within a few days, and one calf became ill a ... | 1979 | 220208 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) serotiters stimulated in cattle in isolation and under field conditions by inactivated bvdv vaccine. | 1980 | 6273923 | |
| factors affecting the assay of bovine type i interferon on bovine embryonic lung cells. | one preparation of interferon (if) on 7-day-old bovine embryonic lung cultures free of bovine viral diarrhea virus had titers ranging from 20 to 10,240 in plaque-reduction tests, using bovine vesicular stomatitis virus. factors believed to contribute to this variation were investigated. although titers differed on different cell strains, different passages, and on cultures of different ages, variations between the two assays definitely could not be established as a function of these factors. how ... | 1980 | 6157340 |
| factors affecting the production of bovine type i interferon on bovine embryonic lung cells by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid. | variables believed to affect the amount of interferon (if) produced in bovine embryonic lung cell cultures by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly (ri:rc)) were investigated. a concentration of 100 micron of poly (ri:rc)/ml consistently induced substantial amounts of if. bovine viral diarrhea virus infection of cultures did not interfere with induction of if by poly (ri:rc). neither the age of cells nor the passage level of the cultures seemed to affect the amount of if produced. primin ... | 1980 | 6157341 |
| experimental infection of calves with two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus: virus recovery and clinical reactions. | fifteen calves were inoculated with a mixture of two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv), the cytopathogenic nadl strain which had been passaged over 20 times n vitro, and the non-cytopathogenic fcs strain, passaged only once after isolation from fetal calf serum. in a second experiment, seven calves received the nadl strain, and eight the fcs strain. the clinical and virological results of the two experiments were compared. in dual infections, the nadl strain interfered with the repl ... | 1980 | 6246564 |
| bovine viral diarrhea infection in pregnant swine. | twenty pregnant gilts (5 groups of 4) were infected experimentally with 1 of 4 strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) administered intranasally-orally. blood specimens were taken from the gilts on postinfection day (pid) 7 and cultured for virus. serum specimens, obtained on pid 21 and at termination of the experiment, were tested for neutralizing antibodies. at 90 to 112 days of gestation, the gilts were euthanatized and their fetuses were examined for evidence of intrauterine infection. ... | 1980 | 6250421 |
| association of bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus with ovaritis in cattle. | 1980 | 6252882 | |
| specific fluorescein-labeled antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus prepared from sera of rabbits immunized with purified virus. | specific fluorescein-labeled antibody conjugates to three strains of bovine virus diarrhea virus were prepared from hyperimmune rabbit sera. viruses used to hyperimmunize the rabbits were purified by four different procedures. conjugates were comparable in quality and specificity to conjugates prepared from serum of a calf hyperimmunized to bovine virus diarrhea virus in our laboratory. the latter conjugate was tested by biologics laboratories, national veterinary services, u.s.d.a., ames, iowa. | 1980 | 6253035 |
| bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus: pathogenicity for the fetal calf following maternal infection. | fifteen pregnant, bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) antibody-free jersey heifers were infected experimentally with a mixture of 10 cytopathic strains of bvd-md virus isolated from cattle in britain. each cow was inoculated intramuscularly on gestation day 100 with a high or a low dose of virus grown in primary calf testis tissue cultures. none of the cows showed clinical signs of illness following exposure, but all had seroconverted within six weeks. six fetuses, including one set ... | 1980 | 6255660 |
| growth characteristics of two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus. | the replication cycles of a cytopathogenic and a non-cytopathogenic strain of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) were similar in kinetics and the tendency of cell-free infectivity to exceed the titre of cell-associated, but differed in virus yield per cell. actinomycin d enhanced the yield of the non-cytopathogenic strain and depressed that of the cytopathogenic strain. | 1980 | 6255903 |
| survey for antibodies to viruses of bovine virus diarrhea, bluetongue, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in hunter-killed mule deer in new mexico. | sera from male mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) collected in november 1977 in otero county, new mexico were tested fro antibodies to bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv), bluetongue virus (btv), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). neutralizing antibodies were detected in 26 of 76 (34%) sera tested for bvdv (titer greater than or equal to 1:16). of 46 sera tested for antibodies to btv and ehdv, 10 (22%) and 3 (7%), respectively, were positive. three (7%) of 46 sera were suspect (titer < ... | 1980 | 6256331 |
| a survey of virus infections of the respiratory tract of cattle and their association with disease. | a total of 1590 caves were investigated between may 1972 and december 1975. twenty-two per cent were treated for respiratory disease and 2 . 5% died of pneumonia. almost 80% of the respiratory illness occurred in six sharp outbreaks. samples of virology were collected routinely from 127 healthy calves and from 354 calves treated for respiratory signs and comprised 1143 nasopharyngeal swabs and 1069 sera. virus infections were detected on 540 occasions including 135 by parainfluenzavirus type 3 ( ... | 1980 | 6256435 |
| viral contamination of bovine fetal lung cultures and bovine fetal serum. | commercial bovine fetal serum (bfs) and bovine fetal lung (bfl) cells were tested for viruses. the only virus detected in any samples was noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). of 37 bfl cultures initiated, 34 were negative for bvdv, 1 was positive, and 2 were suspicious in that the source of bvdv contamination was not certain. of 9 lots of irradiated sera tested, 1 (10%) was positive for bvdv; of 21 lots of nonirradiated sera tested, 13 (62%) were positive for bvdv. as judged by ... | 1980 | 6261615 |
| pathogenicity for the sheep foetus of bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus of bovine origin. | 1980 | 6263404 | |
| [complement fixation test act in the diagnosis of mucosal disease-virus diarrhea in cattle]. | experiments were made to obtain a highly active antigen for the complement-fixation test, using purification and concentration with methyl alcohol in a cell culture suspension of the causative agent of mucous disease-virus diarrhea. it was established that the cf test was sufficiently rapid and specific in the diagnosis of the disease in cattle. it proved instrumental in detecting complement-fixing antibodies in diseased and survived cattle, in calves with a latent infection and in cows with abo ... | 1980 | 6266127 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus in quebec: antibody prevalence and disease outbreak. | the prevalence of antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in quebec and the role of the virus in a respiratory disease outbreak was investigated. the indirect immunofluorescent, neutralization and haemagglutination inhibition techniques were used to carry out this study. of the 1,444 adult animals examined 519 (35.9%) had antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus. these positive reactors were found in each agricultural region of quebec. the highest (53.0%) and the lowest (21.8%) prev ... | 1980 | 7000320 |
| indirect immunofluorescence using f(ab')2-immunoreagents for the demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen in lymphoid tissue. | 1980 | 7013454 | |
| examination of uterine biopsies from infertile cows for the presence of viruses and mycoplasmas. | uterine biopsies from 45 infertile cows were examined for the presence of mycoplasmas, bovine viral diarhoea--mucosal disease virus, bovine syncytial virus and other viruses. no viruses were detected. ureaplasmas were isolated from four cows, two clinically normal and two with nodular vulvovaginitis. | 1980 | 7414068 |
| experimental infection of calves with two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus: certain immunological reactions. | certain immunological responses of 4-6 month old calves experimentally inoculated with either cytopathic or non-cytopathic bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) were compared with those of uninfected control calves. the tests used to demonstrate the immunological responses were the transformation of lymphocytes by pha mitogen, the percentage of lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulin, and the antibody titres induced by an intravenous inoculation of killed brucella abortus. there were no significan ... | 1980 | 15615053 |
| [mucosal disease virus as a cause of enzootic abortion in cattle in czechoslovakia]. | bovine viral diarrhoea -- mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus was demonstrated on some farms as the causal agent of enzootic abortions in cattle. on the whole, five non-cytopathogenic strains of the bvd-md virus were isolated from the organs of aborted foetuses of different age and prematurely born calves. the strains were identified by the direct immunofluorescence method. the same method was also used in detecting the virus antigen in the organs and tissues of colostrum deprived prematurely born ca ... | 1981 | 6794211 |
| detection of bacteremia in cattle inoculated with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus infection of cattle interfered with normal blood clearance mechanisms, as evidenced by the detection of an endogenous bacteremia in up to 85% of infected calves during the first 5 days after infection. the occurrence of detectable bacteremia correlated with the period of leukopenia and depression of lymphocyte responses to mitogens. noninoculated control animals, reinoculated immune calves, or calves inoculated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus yielded cons ... | 1981 | 7258771 |
| detection of antibodies against hog cholera virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus in porcine serum. a comparative examination using cf, pla and npla assays. | 1981 | 6266240 | |
| effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on bovine polymorphonuclear leukocyte function. | four procedures were used to evaluate the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) isolated from the blood of cattle experimentally infected with bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus: (1) uptake of am emulsion of paraffin oil and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, (2) nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, (3) chemiluminescence, and (4) iodination, or the conversion of iodide to a trichloroacetic acid-precipitable form. a marked impairment of iodination was consistently observed after infection w ... | 1981 | 6266288 |
| effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus on conception in cattle. | sixty adult dairy cows were used to study the effect of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus on conception when inoculated with the virus within 2 hours after breeding. fifteen cows were assigned at random to each of 4 groups. group i (control) cows were given 3 ml of diluent in the uterus; group ii (seropositive) cows were given 3 ml of bvd virus in the uterus; group iii (seronegative) cows were given 3 ml of bvd virus in the uterus; and group iv (seronegative) cows were given 3 ml of bvd virus or ... | 1981 | 6268584 |
| differences in reaction behaviour of structural polypeptides of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) with antisera against bvdv and hog cholera virus (hcv). | 1981 | 6269332 | |
| in vitro and in vivo immune responses in neonatally thymectomized holstein-friesian calves exposed to bovine viral diarrhea virus. | 1981 | 6269801 | |
| early syncytium formation by bovine leukemia virus. | bovine leukemia virus (blv) from either persistently infected bat cells or fetal lamb kidney cells induced rapid syncytium formation in f81 indicator cells. distinct syncytia were seen within 2 h after inoculation of cells with highly concentrated (500-fold) cell-free blv preparations and within 4 to 8 h when unconcentrated cell-free blv preparations were used. indicator cell densities of 1 x 10(5) to 2 x 10(5) were optimal for rapid and maximal syncytium formation. pretreatment of blv with refe ... | 1981 | 6264150 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus: affinity chromatography on crotalaria juncea lectin. | attempts were made to purify bovine viral diarrhea virus by chromatography on crotalaria juncea lectin coupled to sepharose 2b. a recovery of abut 65% of viral infectivity after desorption was obtained. electron microscopy revealed mostly de-enveloped particles, rather uniform in appearance but differing in size. immunodiffusion tests with immune calf sera showed precipitation lines of identity between the desorbed virus and extracts from infected cell cultures. | 1981 | 6262351 |
| virus-like particles in bovine turbinate cells infected with bovine virus diarrhoea/mucosal disease virus. | thin sections of bovine turbinate cells grown in culture and infected with the nadl strain of bovine virus diarrhoea/mucosal disease virus have been examined by electron microscopy. infected cells exhibited ultrastructural modification of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and associated with this small numbers of virus-like particles were observed. advanced stages of cytopathic effect were illustrated by cells showing a marked increase in electron-density. these features were not observed in uninf ... | 1981 | 6263227 |
| demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen in cryostat- and paraffin-sections of bovine tissues by the immunoperoxidase technique. | an immunoperoxidase technique (ipt) for the demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen in tissue sections is presented. the method was applied to cryostat sections and to alcohol fixed, paraffin embedded specimens. the specificity as well as the sensitivity of the ipt corresponded to the immunofluorescence technique (ift), and the specimen processing methods used represented an improvement of the histomorphological preservation of tissue structures. | 1981 | 6274148 |
| effects of incubation temperatures and bovine viral diarrhea virus immune serum on bovine turbinate cells persistently infected with a noncytopathogenic isolate of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) on initial inoculation in receptive cells induced a persistence in vitro at incubation temperatures of 33, 37, and 39 c. the mechanisms of this persistence were not the result of the induction of defective interfering particles or the selection of temperature-sensitive mutants, but were the result of a naturally occurring noncytopathogenic isolate of bvdv. persistently infected cells were not freed of the infection by continuous passage in med ... | 1981 | 6277214 |
| electron microscopic studies of bovine viral diarrhea virus in tissues of diseased calves and in cell cultures. | pathomorphological studies by electron microscopy (em) were carried out on the intestines and lymphoid tissues, the buffy coat cells and cultured lymphocytes from calves suffering from mucosal disease (md). this led to the detection of particles, 45--55 nm in diameter, within characteristic vesicular structures. as these findings coincided with the isolation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from the same tissues and demonstration of bvdv-antigen by immunocytochemical techniques in correspon ... | 1982 | 6279056 |
| border disease in a flock of minnesota sheep. | a flock problem affecting newborn lambs on a minnesota farm was investigated. the lambs had hairy fleece and rhythmic tremors, and were unthrifty. histologic examination revealed hypomyelinization of the cns and hypertrophy of primary follicles in the skin. a virus antigenically related to bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated. serum neutralization showed that a large number of flock ewes had much higher titers to bovine viral diarrhea virus than did control animals. | 1982 | 6279553 |
| [on the occurrence of the viral diarrhea/mucosal disease virus in cervines in rheinland-pfalz (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6280950 | |
| border disease virus isolation from postpartum ewes. | the prevalence of border disease virus in a flock of targhee sheep in southern idaho was determined by serologic and virologic techniques. of 249 ewes, 73 (29%) were seropositive to the antigenically related togavirus, bovine seropositive to the antigenically related togavirus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). concurrent testing of sera from 337 neonatal lambs indicated that 172 (51%) were seropositive for bvdv. it was observed that a high percentage (35%) of the bvdv-seropositive lambs were ... | 1982 | 6283955 |
| natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity of bovine mononuclear cells against virus-infected cells. | the ability of mononuclear cells (mc) from peripheral blood of normal cattle to lyse a variety of cells was tested in a 51cr-release microcytotoxicity assay. several types of bovine cells infected with parainfluenza 3 virus (pi3v) were susceptible to natural cytotoxicity. bovine cells infected with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus or noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus, uninfected bovine cells, and human cell lines molt-3, hsb-2, k562, and u-937 were not susceptible. the period ... | 1982 | 6284642 |
| prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine oral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3, bovine adenoviruses-3 and -7, and goat respiratory syncytial viral antibodies in goats. | sera from healthy goats were collected during october 1979 through october 1980. these sera were tested for bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus, bovine adenoviruses (bav) -3 and -7, and goat respiratory syncytial virus (grsv) antibodies by microtitration virus-neutralization test. the number of herds with seropositive goats for each virus were: 5/38 (13.2%) for bhv-1; 9/38 (23.7%) for bvdv; 8/38 (21.1%) for pi-3 virus; 1/38 (2.6%) for ba ... | 1982 | 6285781 |
| [attempts at isolating a precipitating antigen from a cell culture of bovine virus diarrhea-mucosal disease virus]. | 1982 | 6287711 | |
| a microtiter test for detecting and titrating noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine cells free of noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (nc-bvdv) treated with polyriboinosinic acid : polyribocytidylic acid (poly i:c) were protected against challenge with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), whereas nc-bvdv-infected cells treated with poly i:c were not protected against vsv. an assay based on the ability of nc-bvdv to inhibit poly i:c protection of cells against vsv was developed and is herein referred to as pinba (poly i:c for nc-bvdv assay). noncytopathogenic bvdv ... | 1982 | 6287973 |
| experimental fetal infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. i. virological and serological studies. | the serological and virological results of an experimental infection of bovine fetuses with bovine viral diarrhea virus are presented. four fetuses, 120-165 days gestational age, were inoculated in utero with a second passage virus strain. two fetuses received a sham-inoculum. a humoral immune response in the virus-inoculated fetuses, was demonstrated three weeks later. in three fetuses only igm and igg1 were detectable. the serum from the fourth fetus also contained igg2 and iga. bovine viral d ... | 1982 | 6293687 |
| experimental fetal infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. ii. morphological reactions and distribution of viral antigen. | the effect of an infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus on fetal bovine tissues as well as the tissue-localization of viral antigen are described. four bovine fetuses, 120-165 days of gestation, were inoculated in utero with a second passage virus strain. lymphoid tissues were studied by light and electron microscopy. the infection induced precocious development of the secondary lymphoid organs. characteristic changes were seen in postcapillary venules, cells of the mononuclear phagocyte sys ... | 1982 | 6293688 |
| response to neonatally thymectomized holstein calves to bacille calmette guérin. | neonatally thymectomized and intact holstein calves were inoculated intradermally with bacille calmette guérin mycobacteria at 4 to 6 months of age. the immune response of the calves was evaluated by in vitro lymphocyte stimulation, with a purified protein derivative of mycobacterium bovis, and by a cervical skin test. eight of te calves had been previously infected at 7 to 15 weeks of age with bovine viral diarrhea virus. the cutaneous and in vitro immune responses were not different in neonata ... | 1982 | 7049022 |
| increased incidence of bovine papular stomatitis in neonatal calves. | a high incidence of bovine papular stomatitis (bps) occurred in neonatal calves following neonatal thymectomy and antilymphocyte globulin treatment, sham thymectomy, treatment with normal horse globulin and in untreated calves. the source of bps virus was not identified but was suspected to be latent in the calves and activated by thymectomy although no experimental evidence directly supported this conclusion. the potential for activation of a latent bps infection was indicated by an apparent re ... | 1982 | 7103738 |
| embryo transfer as a means of controlling the transmission of viral infections. i. the in vitro exposure of preimplantation bovine embryos to akabane, bluetongue and bovine viral diarrhea viruses. | as part of a program to study the feasibility of using embryo transfer to control disease, initial experiments were undertaken to determine the virus susceptibility of early embryos. two hundred and ninety-three preimplantation bovine embryos (16-cell to blastocyst stage) were exposed to either akabane virus (av), bluetongue virus (btv) or bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). two hundred and thirty-seven of these embryos were then cultured for 24-48 hours in order to determine whether the virus h ... | 1982 | 16725707 |
| effect of levamisole on induced bovine viral diarrhea. | the effect of levamisole in calves experimentally infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus was evaluated in a double-blind study. the infection was mild and there was no difference in severity of infection or speed of recovery between levamisole-treated and 0.9% nacl solution-treated (control) calves. also, the serum antibody titers and viral recovery data of these calves were comparable. the white blood cell counts were consistently higher in the treated group than in the control group, with t ... | 1983 | 6352580 |
| replication of five bovine respiratory viruses in cultured bovine alveolar macrophages. | the replication of five bovine respiratory viruses in cultured bovine alveolar macrophages (bam) was investigated. the bovine herpesvirus dn-599 strain did not cause cytophatic effect (cpe), extracellular virus and intracellular antigen were not demonstrated. although a small number of bovine respiratory syncytial virions were consistently released and about 1 percent of the bam were fluorescence antibody (fa) positive the virus caused no cpe. infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus caused cpe a ... | 1983 | 6404239 |
| reverse plaque formation method for titration of non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus. | the reverse plaque formation (rpf) method with a semi-micro plate was applied to the titration of a non-cytopathogenic (non-cp) strain of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus. all the five non-cp strains used in this experiment formed reverse plaques (rp) on bovine testicle cell culture under methyl cellulose overlay. the rpf was inhibited by the pretreatment of a non-cp virus strain with immune rabbit serum to a reference strain. the specificity of the rpf method was demonstrate ... | 1983 | 6097820 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in alaskan wildlife. | antibodies to brucella spp. were detected in sera of seven of 67 (10%) caribou (rangifer tarandus), one of 39 (3%) moose (alces alces), and six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears (ursus arctos). antibodies to leptospira spp. were found in sera of one of 61 (2%) caribou, one of 37 (3%) moose, six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears, and one of 28 (4%) black bears (ursus americanus). antibodies to contagious ecthyma virus were detected in sera of seven of 17 (41%) dall sheep (ovis dalli) and five of 53 (10%) caribou ... | 1983 | 6139490 |
| pathophysiology of gravidity. | regulating processes during embryonal and fetal growth are discussed (genes, hormones). due to viral infections there can be disorder of fetal life (resorption, mumification, abortion and malformations). mucosal disease is hold up as an example to describe that it depends on the moment of infection, on the development of immunologic competence and on the qualities of the virus, what happens after infection. the development of immunologic competence is considered carefully. an infection with muco ... | 1983 | 6683837 |
| virus-like particles, 45 to 65 nm, in intestinal contents of neonatal calves. | enveloped virus particles 45 to 65 nm in diameter, tentatively called minicorona virus, were detected by electron microscopy in the intestinal contents of one normal and seven diarrheic calves in quebec dairy herds. the agent was shown to be antigenically unrelated to the nebraska calf diarrhea coronavirus and to the bovine viral diarrhea virus by counterimmunoelectrophoresis and fluorescent-antibody techniques. antibodies against these particles were demonstrated in the serum of affected calves ... | 1983 | 6831311 |
| detection of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea viruses in the nasal epithelial cells by the direct immunofluorescence technique. | nasal epithelial cells were collected by cotton swabs for the diagnosis in experimental and field cases of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and field cases of bovine viral diarrhea in calves. a portion of the cells was washed twice in phosphate buffered saline and a 25 microl drop was placed on microscope slides. the cells were dried, fixed and stained according to the direct fluorescent antibody technique. another portion of the same specimen was inoculated onto primary bovine skin cell cultur ... | 1983 | 6299484 |
| pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease: distribution and significance of bvdv antigen in diseased calves. | the distribution of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antigen in tissues of animals with acute and chronic bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) was examined using improved indirect immunofluorescence and indirect immunoperoxidase staining methods on cryostat and paraffin wax tissue sections. in lymphoid tissues the antigen was principally located in cells belonging to the mononuclear located in cells belonging to the mononuclear phagocyte system and in other cells with antigen-retai ... | 1983 | 6300980 |
| elimination of contaminating bovine viral diarrhea virus from bovine respiratory syncytial virus stock. | 1983 | 6306037 | |
| characterization of virus-specific rna synthesized in bovine cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | infection of bovine kidney cells with bovine viral diarrhea virus resulted in the synthesis of a single species of virus-specific rna. electrophoresis of this rna on agarose-urea and agarose-formaldehyde gels indicated that it had a molecular weight of 2.9 x 10(6), corresponding to 8,200 bases (8.2 kilobases). this 8.2-kilobase rna was resistant to rnase a treatment at 1 microgram/ml but was digested at higher concentrations of rnase (10 micrograms/ml). sedimentation on neutral sucrose gradients ... | 1983 | 6310155 |
| cerebellar degeneration in dairy calves: clinical, pathologic, and serologic features of an epizootic caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus. | three of nine dairy calves born in the spring/summer wee severely ataxic at birth. necropsy of the 3 affected calves revealed severe cerebellar degeneration (hypoplasia). clinical signs were inapparent in the adult cows. serum neutralization titers of the cows and calves indicated high bovine viral diarrhea titers. | 1983 | 6311781 |
| characterization of the major structural proteins of purified bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was concentrated and purified by a combination of ultrafiltration, hydroextraction using polyethylene glycol and affinity chromatography. a lectin from crotalaria juncea that has an affinity for galactose was used in the affinity chromatography. virions of bvdv with classic envelopes were observed by electron microscopy. four major proteins with estimated molecular weights of 75,000, 66,000, 54,000, and 26,000 were identified in sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacry ... | 1983 | 6312929 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus: purification of surface proteins in detergent-containing buffers by fast protein liquid chromatography. | bovine viral diarrhea virus was purified by lectin chromatography. the glycoprotein peplomers were dissociated from the virion by treatment with detergent. by a second lectin gel chromatography the glycoconjugates containing terminal galactose were prepared. in combination with lectin affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography on mono-q in the presence of the low-uv-absorbing detergent berol 172 proved to be a powerful technique both for analytical and preparative applications. | 1983 | 6313724 |
| characteristics of the polyriboinosinic acid:polyribocytidylic acid assay for noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the use of polyriboinosinic acid:polyribocytidylic acid (poly i:c) for noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (nc-bvdv) assay (pinba) was studied. several viruses were tested for their suitability as test challenge viruses. in addition to vesicular stomatitis virus, which previously was shown to be a suitable challenge virus, bovine enteroviruses also were found to be suitable, whereas infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus were only marginally suitable. bo ... | 1983 | 6314854 |
| total protein and immunoglobulins g1, g2, and m in serum of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | total serum protein and immunoglobulins (ig) g1, g2, and m concentrations were investigated in 11 calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. these calves were allowed to suckle from their dams until weaned. a gradual increase in total protein was observed from birth to 12 months of age. there was a wide variation in ig concentrations in pre- and postcolostrum sera. the igg1 increased from the time of delivery of the calves to the 5th month, decreased by the 10th month, and th ... | 1983 | 6314856 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in captive exotic ruminants. | antibody to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus was found in 174 of 1,905 (9.1%) exotic ruminants. of the seropositive animals, 129 had titers of at least 1:8. when serums from zoos that had vaccinated against bvd were excluded from analysis, 60 of 1,390 samples (4.3%) were seropositive for bvd. noncytopathogenic strains of bvd virus were isolated from 5 exotic ruminants. | 1983 | 6315662 |
| attempted reactivation of latent bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in calves by infection with ruminant pestiviruses. | three calves, latently infected with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1), were each inoculated intranasally with 9 strains of ruminant pestivirus (bvdv). all three calves developed a biphasic pyrexia and a lymphopenia followed by a neutrophilia. they did not shed bhv 1 in their nasal secretions in the 14 days following bvdv inoculation, and their bhv 1 antibody levels remained static, as did those of 2 control calves not given bvdv. all five calves were subsequently shown to be latently infected with b ... | 1983 | 6318422 |
| suppression of neutrophil and lymphocyte function induced by a vaccinal strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus with and without the administration of acth. | effects of a modified live vaccine (mlv) strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvd) on lymphocyte and neutrophil function were determined in cattle with and without increased plasma cortisol (hydrocortisone) concentrations. cattle were given mlv-bvd vaccine im and intranasally. cattle given acth received 200 iu every 12 hours for 10 doses. the mlv-bvd virus when administered alone caused no apparent clinical signs or body temperature response. of 4 mlv-bvd-treated calves that were also given ac ... | 1983 | 6318614 |
| characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus proteins. | virus-specific proteins were examined in cultured cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. by using antisera obtained from virus-infected animals, three major virus-specific polypeptides with molecular weights of 115,000 (115k), 80k, and 55k were observed. minor proteins of 45,000 and 38,000 daltons were also noted. tryptic peptide mapping indicated that the 115k and the 80k polypeptides were structurally related. the 55k protein was glycosylated and appeared not to be related to the 115 ... | 1984 | 6323770 |
| production of cattle immunotolerant to bovine viral diarrhea virus. | inoculation of bovine virus diarrhea virus into 58 to 125 day old fetuses of bovine virus diarrhea virus seropositive pregnant cows, or inoculation of bovine virus diarrhea virus into seronegative cows 42 to 114 days pregnant, may produce clinically normal calves which are persistently infected with the specific isolate of bovine virus diarrhea virus yet seronegative to the homologous and heterologous isolates. reinoculation of these persistently infected cattle with their homologous isolate pro ... | 1984 | 6326980 |
| presence of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus (border disease) in sheep and goat flocks in quebec. | a seroepidemiological study of border disease was conducted in sheep and goats in various areas of quebec. sera of 10% of animals of selected flocks were collected and specific antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea- mucosal disease were tested by seroneutralization. results show that 10.9% and 16% of sheep and goats respectively gave a positive reaction. the lower serological prevalence was found in sheep flocks of the sherbrooke area (5.4%) while the highest percentage of positive sera was o ... | 1984 | 6326984 |
| mucosal disease of cattle: a late sequel to fetal infection. | the introduction of a heifer which was persistently infected with bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus into groups of pregnant cattle resulted in abortion, neonatal death, persistent infection and, subsequently, mucosal disease in the surviving progeny. cattle affected with mucosal disease were invariably seronegative at the time of investigation and subsequent cases occurred only in calves previously identified as seronegative and persistently infected. the detection of virus antigen by ... | 1984 | 6328725 |
| effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection on the distribution of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus in calves. | four calves (control animals) were inoculated (by aerosol) with cooper's strain of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus given with an ultrasonic nebulizer. seven other calves (principals) were inoculated (by aerosol) with a noncytopathic strain of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus and 7 days later, with ibr virus. the calves were killed 3 to 8 days after the latter virus was inoculated. various tissues were collected from the calves during necropsy and assayed for ibr virus. in the cont ... | 1984 | 6329040 |
| prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3, goat respiratory syncytial, bovine leukemia, and bluetongue viral antibodies in sheep. | sera from healthy sheep were collected in january and march 1982 from flocks of sheep located in southwestern and southeastern louisiana. these sera were tested for bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus, and goat respiratory syncytial virus (grsv) antibodies by microtitration virus-neutralization test. the sera were tested also for bovine leukemia virus (blv) and bluetongue virus (btv) antibodies by immunodiffusion tests. the number of flo ... | 1984 | 6329044 |
| morphology of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the morphology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was studied by electron microscopy. the nadl strain of bvdv was plaque purified 3 times, concentrated by polyethylene glycol precipitation, and purified by centrifugation to equilibrium in continuous potassium tartrate density-gradients. the virus was examined by negative-stain electron microscopy in the presence or absence of specific antiserum. the density of bvdv was between 1.101 g/cm3 and 1.174 g/cm3, with the peak at maximum infectivity ... | 1984 | 6329046 |
| experimental production of fatal mucosal disease in cattle. | three outbreaks of mucosal disease were investigated. careful examination of 47 cattle that were persistently viraemic with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) revealed no clinical disease, no or low levels of bvdv antibody and only non-cytopathic virus in their blood. the four animals with mucosal disease all showed clinical disease and both cytopathic and non-cytopathic virus in their blood. following post mortem examination, there were particularly high levels of cytopathic virus in gut tissu ... | 1984 | 6087539 |
| bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus-induced fetopathy in cattle: efficacy of prophylactic maternal pre-exposure. | maternal immunity was produced in jersey heifers by exposing them to bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus before conception. in the following pregnancy this immunity protected the fetuses from transplacental infection arising from challenge of the dams at 100 days gestation with homologous virus. unprotected jersey heifers showed a high incidence of death and fetal intrauterine growth retardation associated with transplacental viral infection. functional normality of the locomotor system ... | 1984 | 6087540 |
| nature of early reproductive failure caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus. | a 2-part study was undertaken to determine the effect of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus on fertilization and early development of embryos. in experiment 1, 10 seronegative cows were superovulated and artificially inseminated twice during estrus. after the second insemination, 5 of the cows received intrauterine infusion of bvd virus suspension. the other 5 cows received suspending medium only and served as controls. all 10 cows were slaughtered on day 3, and ova and embryos were collected for ... | 1984 | 6088456 |
| experimental production of bovine respiratory tract disease with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | five 6-month-old calves were inoculated with bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus (n = 3) or pasteurella haemolytica (n = 2) endobronchially with a fiberoptic bronchoscope. five additional calves were inoculated sequentially with bvd virus followed by p haemolytica at a 5-day interval. blood samples were collected daily from the calves for bacterial isolation. clinical signs of respiratory tract disease in calves were recorded daily. if the calves survived, they were killed for necropsy 3 or 4 days ... | 1984 | 6089623 |
| prevalence of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, and bovine parainfluenza-3 virus in sheep and goats in quebec. | serum samples were collected from 1,075 clinically normal sheep and goats from 77 flocks in 7 agricultural regions of quebec from june to august 1982. sheep and goats were tested for antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine herpes-virus-1 by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique and for parainfluenza-3 virus by the hemagglutination inhibition test. the prevalence of antibodies in animals to respiratory syncytial virus was 31%; to bovine vira ... | 1984 | 6089626 |
| cell-free translation of bovine viral diarrhea virus rna. | bovine viral diarrhea virus rna was translated in a reticulocyte cell-free protein synthesizing system. the purified, 8.2-kilobase, virus-specific rna species was unable to serve an an efficient message unless it was denatured immediately before translation. in this case, several polypeptides, ranging in molecular weight from 50,000 to 150,000 and most of which were immunoprecipitated by bovine viral diarrhea virus-specific antiserum, were synthesized in vitro. when polyribosomes were used to pr ... | 1984 | 6092725 |
| differentiation of cytopathic and noncytopathic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus by virus neutralization. | soluble antigens of cytopathic and noncytopathic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus were resolved by high-performance liquid gel-permeation chromatography into 4 major and 3 minor peaks. the 2 peaks with the larger molecular weights (240,000 and 140,000 daltons) were immunogenic when inoculated into rabbits. virus neutralizing antibodies were specific for the homologous virus. the soluble antigens were determined to be greater than 100,000 daltons by filtration. | 1984 | 6093646 |
| evaluation of bovine viral diarrhea virus uptake by preimplantation embryos. | bovine embryos were exposed to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus in vitro. an uptake of bvd virus by the embryos could not be detected by several assay systems. a significant decrease in the titer of bvd virus was found to occur when the virus was incubated in saline solution + 5% goat serum or minimal essential medium + 5% goat serum for 24 hours at 37 c. since there was significant inactivation of the bvd virus during the incubation period, lack of viral infectivity of the embryos may have bee ... | 1984 | 6093648 |
| outbreak of mucosal disease among apparently immunotolerant heifers. | an outbreak of mucosal disease that occurred among friesian heifers aged 15 to 18 months is described as it occurred. investigation suggested that many heifers were immunotolerant to bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus. serious losses were incurred. the present policy of surveillance is described. | 1984 | 6097016 |
| characterization of a non-cytopathogenic agent isolated from cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus stock. | 1984 | 6097801 | |
| a survey of hairy shaker disease (border disease, hypomyelinogenesis congenita) in sheep. | a survey by mail in 1979 of 995 sheep farmers in victoria enquiring as to the occurrence of hairy shaker disease (hsd) in lambs on their farms resulted in a 48% response. a total of 17 farms reported the presence of hsd. one hundred and eleven ewes produced lambs with hsd representing a small proportion only of the ewes (0.8%) on these farms and an even smaller percentage of the total ewes (0.03%) in the survey. abortions were not prevalent on the majority of farms reporting hsd. there was no ev ... | 1984 | 6497789 |
| attempts to use thiabendazole to improve the immune response in dexamethasone-treated or stressed cattle. | thiabendazole was evaluated in two separate experiments for its ability to enhance the immune response in dexamethasone-treated or stressed cattle. in the first experiment the cattle received either no drug treatment (controls), dexamethasone intramuscularly (im), or dexamethasone im plus thiabendazole orally. all animals were inoculated with heat-killed brucella abortus strain 19, equine ferritin, tetanus toxoid, and live corynebacterium equi at the time dexamethasone therapy was initiated. dex ... | 1984 | 6519958 |
| the neutralizing peroxidase-linked assay for detection of antibody against swine fever virus. | the neutralizing peroxidase-linked antibody ( npla ) assay was standardized and compared with the micro-plaque reduction test (prt) on series of sera from pigs infected with different strains of swine fever virus (sfv) and bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv), swine fever reference sera and field sera. the npla system was found to be as sensitive as the prt, it detected sfv antibody in 17 out of 18 pigs 3 weeks after intranasal exposure and differentiated between antibody against sfv and bvdv. wi ... | 1984 | 6375112 |
| use of an immunoperoxidase stain for the demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus by light and electron microscopies. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus-specific antiserum eluted from an immunoabsorbent column was conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. the immunoperoxidase (ip) conjugate was used to stain bvd virus-inoculated and control tissue cultures processed for light and electron microscopies. infected cells (in the inoculated cultures) viewed by light microscopy had diffuse staining of the cytoplasm of nonvacuolated cells and a more predominant staining associated with vacuoles as vacuolation occurred. t ... | 1984 | 6200012 |
| antiviral effects of bovine interferons on bovine respiratory tract viruses. | the antiviral effects of bovine interferons on the replication of bovine respiratory tract viruses were studied. bovine turbinate monolayer cultures were treated with bovine interferons and challenged with several bovine herpesvirus 1 strains, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza type 3 virus, goat respiratory syncytial virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine adenovirus type 7, or vesicular stomatitis virus. treatment with bovine interferons reduced viral yield for each of these ... | 1984 | 6201505 |
| a study of serologic relationships among non-cytopathogenic strains of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus by reverse plaque technique. | 1984 | 6210389 | |
| effects of bovine viral diarrhea virus on the percentages and absolute numbers of circulating b and t lymphocytes in cattle. | the percentage and absolute numbers of circulating b and t lymphocytes were determined for 10 healthy cattle by labeling mononuclear cells with anti-bovine immunoglobulin or peanut agglutinin. the cattle were then inoculated with a cytopathogenic isolate of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, and b- and t-lymphocyte populations were again quantitated at given intervals. seemingly, bvd virus caused a decrease in the absolute numbers of b and t lymphocytes and in the percentage of t lymphocytes. al ... | 1985 | 3893241 |
| effect of a single therapeutic dose of levamisole on bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in calves. | the effect of a single therapeutic dose of levamisole in calves experimentally infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was evaluated in 2 separate double-blind experiments. the infection was mild and there was no difference in severity of infection or speed of recovery between levamisole-treated and 0.9% nacl solution-treated (control) calves. there were no significant differences between drug-treated and control calves in respect to total white blood cell, lymphocyte, and neutrophil co ... | 1985 | 3906367 |
| bovine viral diarrhea in a newborn calf. | bovine viral diarrhea virus was believed to be the cause of ill-thrift since birth, resulting in death of a holstein calf. bovine viral diarrhea virus was isolated from peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes, but serum neutralizing antibodies were not detected. the lymphoid depletion and myeloid suppression seen in this case may be a factor in the immune system dysfunction described for bovine viral diarrhea. typical ulcerative lesions within the alimentary tract were not observed. | 1985 | 3988595 |
| morphometric studies of the bovine uterus: microscopic lesions and retrospective reproductive history. | a survey of reproductive tracts from nonpregnant cows at an abattoir was conducted. reproductive tracts from 98 cows were studied microscopically and evaluated with a grading system to determine the severity of pathologic changes. inflammatory reaction (type and distribution), fibrosis, gland morphology, and appearance were measured, quantified, and scored (1 to 4). category 1 endometrium (normal) was found in 18 cows, category 2 in 23, category 3 in 34, and category 4 in 23. the category of end ... | 1985 | 4083598 |
| comparison of the pneumopathogenicity of two strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the pneumopathogenicity in calves of 2 strains of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, isolate 2724 (a noncytopathogenic virus) and isolate 72 (a cytopathogenic virus), was compared. all calves were inoculated endobronchially, using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. two calves were given pasteurella haemolytica, 2 calves were given the noncytopathogenic bvd virus, and 2 calves were given cytopathogenic bvd virus. five calves were inoculated sequentially with bvd virus and, 5 days later, with p haemolytica. ... | 1985 | 2982295 |
| susceptibility of various cell culture systems to bovine viral diarrhea virus. | a comparative study was carried out on the susceptibility of primary bovine embryo kidney (pbek) cell cultures and those of three other cell culture systems, i.e., primary calf testicle (pct) cells and two cell lines, one of which originated from bovine embryonic trachea (ebtr) and the other from buffalo lung (imr-31), to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus. the virus titers obtained in the three culture systems under study did not differ significantly from those of pbek cells. moreover, the growt ... | 1985 | 2983178 |
| adjuvant enhancement of humoral immune response to chemically inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus. | potentiation of the antibody response to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus by immunological adjuvants was studied in guinea pigs and cattle. the inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus alone was demonstrated to be a weak immunogen. addition of either 2 mg per ml diethylaminoethyl-dextran or 5% alhydrogel to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus did not or only slightly stimulated the antibody response; the combined adjuvants induced a significantly higher titer. a higher concentration (2 ... | 1985 | 2985217 |
| isolation of cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus from the spleen of cattle acutely and chronically affected with bovine viral diarrhea. | both cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) were isolated from 16 of 17 bovine spleens representing 11 herds that had experienced acute bvd and from 12 of 21 bovine spleens from 1 herd affected with chronic bvd. it was concluded that isolation of cytopathic and noncytopathic bvdv from the same spleen probably indicates that an animal with a persistent, noncytopathic bvdv infection was superinfected with a cytopathic bvdv. the prevalence (greater than 70%) of 2 viruses in ... | 1985 | 2985526 |
| severe clinical disease induced in cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus by superinfection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | eight healthy cattle that were persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) were inoculated with cell culture fluids that contained noncytopathic or cytopathic bvdv. a severe disease occurred after inoculation with cytopathic bvdv. the clinical signs, lesions, and immune response were consistent with those of clinical bvdv infections. | 1985 | 2986494 |
| release of immunosuppressive substances from tissue culture cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine fetal lung tissue culture cells were infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. the cells released substances into the supernatant fluid that suppressed the proliferative response of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells which had been stimulated with concanavalin a. activity could be found in low molecular weight fractions (less than or equal to 2,000 daltons). during the assay, these fractions were required to inhibit the response of leukocytes to concanavalin a. addition of indomet ... | 1985 | 2990265 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus in bovine sera. | a specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was established for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in bovine sera. polyethylene-glycol concentrated, equilibrium density gradient purified bvdv was used as test antigen at an optimal amount of 1 microgram/well, whereas the optimal concentration of conjugate was at 1/2000 dilution. the standardized test encountered no non-specific reaction with test sera at a starting dilution of 1/10. a total of ... | 1985 | 2994278 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in cattle sera. | a microtitre elisa has been established for the quantitation of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). single dilutions of sera were assayed and units of antibody were calculated from a standard curve. in order to detect the maximum number of responding animals both igg1 and igg2 antibody should be assayed, although detection of igg1 alone was nearly as effective. the elisa was as sensitive as the virus neutralization test for detection of antibody; comparison of an elisa that detect ... | 1985 | 2994279 |
| screening for neutralizing antibodies against hog cholera- and/or bovine viral diarrhea virus in danish pigs. | 1985 | 2994428 | |
| disease in a dairy herd associated with the introduction and spread of bovine virus diarrhoea virus. | in january 1982 an outbreak of diarrhoea among adult dairy cows in a closed herd of approximately 200 milking animals was shown to be caused by the introduction of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv). affected animals showed a significant reduction in milk yield. one animal died and four were culled. eight cows aborted and one weak calf was born. of 121 calves born that year, 26 died, mostly from pneumonia, but five aged from three weeks to five months had enteric lesions of mucosal disease. sub ... | 1985 | 3000058 |