Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| topography of retinodiencephalic projections in adult channel catfish. | in order to determine the topography of retinal axons in diencephalic nuclei of ictalurus punctatus, horseradish peroxidase was applied to the optic papillae. the topography was found to be similar in all nuclei in that the terminal endings of ventral retinal axons innervated rostrodorsally whereas dorsal retinal axons innervated caudoventrally. in general, the retinal topography in the diencephalon corresponded with the topography of retinal axons in the optic tracts. these data suggest a relat ... | 1986 | 3768716 |
| the visual system of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). i. retinal ganglion cell morphology. | horseradish peroxidase was applied to lesions in the optic nerve of catfish (ictalurus punctatus). the retinae were processed to reveal hrp-labelled ganglion cells. the histochemical techniques employed allowed fine details of the dendritic arbor to be resolved. flat-mounted retinae were examined and the following characteristics were noted in individual ganglion cells: soma area, shape, and depth; number and diameter of major dendrites; shape, area, and depth(s) within the inner plexiform layer ... | 1986 | 3711375 |
| acanthocephala from lake fishes in wisconsin: ecology and host relationships of pomphorhynchus bulbocolli (pomphorhynchidae). | pomphorhynchus bulbocolli linkins in van cleave, 1919, was considerably more common in fishes of the river-connected tichigan lake than of the landlocked silver lake, southeastern wisconsin. it is reported from 17 species of principal, accessory, and occasional definitive hosts (new record in moxostoma carinatum) and from 13 species of paratenic hosts (new records in amia calva, ictalurus punctatus, lepomis cyanellus, and pomoxis nigromaculatus). infection patterns were influenced by fish specie ... | 1987 | 3585622 |
| central projections of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves in the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus: clues to differential processing of visceral inputs. | transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to trace the pattern of medullary terminations of the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerve complex in the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. the glossopharyngeal root terminates centrally in the anterior end of the vagal lobe except for two fascicles that terminate in separate regions of the nucleus intermedius of the facial lobe. vagal nerve branches innervating regions of the oropharynx terminate in an overlapping, segmental fashion t ... | 1987 | 3680629 |
| acute toxicity of nitrofurazone to channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, and goldfish, carassius auratus. | 1987 | 3814851 | |
| morphological and biochemical properties of four members of a novel group of reoviruses isolated from aquatic animals. | the morphological, biochemical and growth characteristics of four members of the reoviridae, three from the fish hosts, golden shiner (notemigonus crysoleucas), chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and one from american oyster (crassostrea virginica), were compared. electron microscopy of negatively stained virions revealed icosahedral particles approximately 75 nm in diameter composed of a double capsid. complete particles had buoyant densities in cscl of 1. ... | 1987 | 3819694 |
| phylogeny of lymphocyte heterogeneity: identification and separation of functionally distinct subpopulations of channel catfish lymphocytes with monoclonal antibodies. | the purpose of this study was to identify monoclonal antibodies reactive with channel catfish t cells. since a variety of commercially available anti-human and mouse t cell reagents failed to react with channel catfish leucocytes, the development of anti-fish t cell monoclonal antibodies was undertaken. one of these reagents, designated mab 13c10, reacted with channel catfish surface immunoglobulin negative, but not positive, lymphocytes. this reagent, when used in "panning" protocols, was able ... | 1987 | 3326758 |
| comparative aspects of hepatic udp-glucuronosyltransferases and glutathione s-transferases in bluegill and channel catfish. | 1. microsomal udp-glucuronosyltransferases (udpgts) and cytosolic glutathione s-transferases (gsts) were examined in bluegill (lepomis macrochirus r.) and channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus r.) liver. 2. hepatic udpgt activity was of a similar magnitude in both species and was markedly increased by the addition of 0.05-0.2% triton x-100, however, optimal estimates of activity were obtained when 0.1% detergent was used. 3. both species exhibited hepatic gst activity toward several structurally ... | 1987 | 3117483 |
| secretory immunity induced in catfish, ictalurus punctatus, following bath immunization. | individual adult channel catfish were immunized by immersion in an antigen bath containing dinitrophenylated-horse serum albumin. anti-dnp hemagglutination titers of serum and cutaneous mucus were determined following both primary and secondary bath immunization. the results showed that five of the six fish had a cutaneous mucosal anti-dnp titer following the bath immunizations. in contrast, only one of the six catfish was shown to have any demonstrable change in its serum anti-dnp titer followi ... | 1987 | 3440500 |
| cold-stable microtubules from antarctic fishes contain unique alpha tubulins. | the cytoplasmic microtubules of antarctic fishes assemble from their tubulin subunits at physiological body temperatures in the range -2 to +2 degrees c. our objective is to determine the structural features that enhance the assembly of antarctic fish tubulins at low temperatures. here we compare the structures of tubulin subunits from three antarctic fishes (notothenia gibberifrons, notothenia coriiceps neglecta, and chaenocephalus aceratus), from three temperate fishes (the dogfish shark muste ... | 1987 | 3597376 |
| channel catfish culture methods used in the united states. | 1987 | 3617444 | |
| bioaccumulation factor for 32p measured in bluegill, lepomis macrochirus, and catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | the ratio of the bioaccumulation factors for 32p and phosphorus was determined for edible tissue in two species of freshwater fish by measuring the specific activity (32p activity per milligram phosphorus) in muscle relative to feed. the 32p tracer was added to the feed at a uniform level throughout the study. feeding was at two levels: ad libitum and at a lower but constant intake per body weight. in the main experiment, bluegill were maintained in a large flow-through tank and sacrificed at ap ... | 1987 | 3654227 |
| effect of water temperature on the clinical outcome of infection with edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish. | channel catfish fingerlings (mean body weight, 19 +/- 3 g each) were given intraperitoneal inoculations of edwardsiella ictaluri suspensions of 10(4), 10(5), or 10(6) bacteria. control fish were inoculated intraperitoneally with sterile 0.85% nacl solution. ten-day trials were conducted at water temperatures of 17, 21, 23, 25, 28, and 32 c. differences in mortality between e ictaluri-infected fish and fish used as controls were observed at water temperatures of 23, 25, and 28 c, but not at tempe ... | 1987 | 3692982 |
| uptake of channel catfish virus from water by channel catfish and bluegills. | radiolabeled channel catfish virus entered the gills of juvenile channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and was then concentrated in the gut and the liver over 48 hours. diminution of radioactivity was not detected in these tissues over the course of the experiment. bluegills (lepomis macrochirus) were capable of clearing the virus during a period of 48 hours. [3h]thymidine alone had a different distribution in the channel catfish than did labeled virus. | 1987 | 3032024 |
| rapid plasmid analysis for identification of edwardsiella ictaluri from infected channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | eighteen different strains of edwardsiella ictaluri isolated from infected channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were screened to determine whether plasmid dna was present. two plasmids of 5,700 and 4,900 base pairs were identified. restriction enzyme analysis showed that each of the strains harbored these same two plasmids. restriction maps of the separated plasmids indicated that these plasmids were not closely related to each other. a rapid screening technique was developed that would allow t ... | 1987 | 3038017 |
| blood serum chemistry measurements of normal and acutely stressed channel catfish. | 1. an automated blood serum chemistry analytical system designed for human usage was employed to establish the levels of 26 different components present in sera obtained from various experimental groups of channel catfish. 2. comparisons of samples from feral and commercial production pond fish during warm months indicated statistically significant differences in the serum levels of sodium, co2, urea nitrogen, direct bilirubin, cholesterol, creatinine and protein. 3. laboratory acclimated and pr ... | 1987 | 2892633 |
| ammonia effects on microinvertebrates and fish in outdoor experimental streams. | laboratory data on ammonia effects, the us epa national water quality criteria for ammonia, and ammonia site-specific criteria were evaluated in four outdoor experimental streams (one control and three treatment streams) over a 76-week period. calculated un-ionised ammonia concentrations varied daily and seasonally according to ph and temperature changes. populations of four major microinvertebrate taxonomic groups (cladocerans, copepods, rotifers and protozoans) were monitored during a 4-week p ... | 1987 | 15092701 |
| hepatic drug metabolizing enzyme activity in the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | 1. several pathways of drug metabolizing enzymic activity were measured in hepatic fractions of the channel catfish and rat using model substrates. the pathways examined included the o-demethylation of p-nitroanisole, microsomal ester hydrolysis of procaine and glucuronidation of p-nitrophenol, and the cytosolic acetylation of sulfamethazine and sulfation of 2-naphthol. catfish liver preparations were incubated at both 25 degrees c and 37 degrees c. 2. the oxidative metabolism of p-nitrophenol w ... | 1988 | 2898990 |
| temperature mediated processes in teleost immunity: differential abilities of channel catfish t and b lymphocytes to cap membrane antigen. | 1. the effect of both in vivo acclimation temperature and in vitro assay temperatures on channel catfish t and b lymphocyte membrane antigen (mag) capping were investigated to determine if capping might be the temperature sensitive step involved in the low temperature immunosuppression of channel catfish t cell responses. 2. flow cytometry was used to monitor the kinetics of capping induced by a mouse monoclonal antibody (mab 11g3) specific for a common antigenic determinant present on channel c ... | 1988 | 2900093 |
| comparative properties of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and blue crab (callinectes sapidus) acetylcholinesterases. | 1. acetylcholinesterases (aches) from channel catfish and blue crabs were examined for substrate preference, kms, effects of inhibitors, and ph and osmotic activity profiles. 2. similarities were noted for substrate preference along with ph and osmotic optima. 3. crab ache had a lower km (9 x 10(-5) vs 2 x 10(-4) m) and was more sensitive in terms of ki50s than fish ache to eserine (2.6 x 10(-7) vs 3 x 10(-7) m), malathion (4.5 x 10(-5) vs 1.6 x 10(-4) m) and parathion (6.9 x 10(-5) vs 7 x 10(-4 ... | 1988 | 2905945 |
| identification of a putative antigen receptor on fish nonspecific cytotoxic cells with monoclonal antibodies. | in the present study mab were derived against flow cytometry (fcm) purified fish (ictalurus punctatus) nonspecific cytotoxic cells (ncc). mab 5c6.10.4 and 6d3.2.10 produced 60 to 65% inhibition of lysis of nc-37 target cells (a human b-lymphoblastoid cell line) by unfractionated ncc. mab 2b2.4.9 and 6d3.4.4 were noninhibitors of cytotoxicity. all mab were the same isotype (igm) and were cloned by limiting dilution (2x). inhibitory activity was specific for the effector cells because the mab had ... | 1988 | 2454262 |
| immunoglobulin heavy h chain isotypes in a teleost fish. | three mouse mab were derived which identified different populations of the approximately 700,000-da tetrameric ig of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). immunoprecipitation analyses using the three mab in various combinations showed that the catfish ig population identified by each mab was antigenically distinct. each ig population contained both classes of catfish l chains (f and g). solid-phase binding assays indicated that the mabs preferentially identified h chains rather than l chains. c ... | 1988 | 2456346 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of tetracycline- and oxytetracycline-resistant aeromonas hydrophila from cultured channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and their environments. | oxytetracycline-resistant (otcr) and tetracycline-resistant (tcr) aeromonas hydrophila were isolated commonly from catfish intestinal contents and the water and sediment of catfish culture ponds, but less frequently in market catfish. isolates demonstrated two resistance phenotypes, tcr otcr and tcs otcr, when plated directly on to macconkey agar containing 30 micrograms of tetracycline or oxytetracycline per ml. tcs otcr isolates expressed tcr after induction by 1 h of growth in tryptic soy bro ... | 1988 | 3046493 |
| immune response of channel catfish to ciliary antigens of ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | channel catfish were rendered immune to the protozoan pathogen, ichthyophthirius multifiliis, by exposure to sublethal infections. sera from test animals were then screened for antibodies against the parasite using enzyme-linked immunoassays. ichthyophthirius cilia were blotted onto nitrocellulose filters and reacted with catfish sera, followed by rabbit anti-catfish ig antibodies coupled to horseradish peroxidase. subsequent color development revealed the presence of anti-ciliary antibodies in ... | 1988 | 3139473 |
| ichthyophthirius (ciliophora): population studies suggest reproduction in host epithelium. | evidence that ichthyophthirius multifiliis trophonts may reproduce within the epithelium of the host was obtained from experimental infections of channel catfish. mean number of parasites spontaneously leaving the fish increased from 0 on day 3 postexposure (pe) to 66.5 per fish on day 7 pe. mean population density in fin, however, increased five-fold from day 3 to day 5 pe in the absence of opportunity for reinfection. at day 3 pe, 100% of parasite loci in fin and gill arches contained solitary ... | 1988 | 3143828 |
| antarctic fish tubulins: heterogeneity, structure, amino acid compositions and charge. | 1. tubulins purified from the brain tissues of three antarctic fishes (notothenia gibberifrons, notothenia coriiceps neglecta, and chaenocephalus aceratus) contain equimolar quantities of the alpha and beta chains and are free of microtubule-associated proteins (maps) and other non-tubulin proteins. 2. when examined by isoelectric focusing and by two-dimensional electrophoresis, brain tubulins from the antarctic fishes were found to be highly heterogeneous; each was resolved into 15-20 distinct ... | 1988 | 3180738 |
| isolation, characterization, and molecular cloning of cryptic plasmids isolated from edwardsiella ictaluri. | fifty-five isolates of edwardsiella ictaluri were examined for the presence of plasmid dna by a rapid alkaline extraction procedure. all 49 isolates from channel catfish and a single isolate from bengal danio carried 2 plasmids with molecular masses of approximately 3.2 and 3.7 megadaltons (mdal). five e ictaluri isolates from other fish contained 1 to 3 plasmids, which had molecular masses ranging from 2.5 to 45 mdal. the 2 plasmids (3.2 and 3.7 mdal) from the type strain of e ictaluri (atcc 33 ... | 1988 | 3247906 |
| vertical transmission of channel catfish virus. | channel catfish broodfish were examined nondestructively for the presence of channel catfish virus (ccv), using a nucleic acid-probing technique. a dot blot assay was tested and shown to be accurate and rapid in the diagnosis of ccv. two ccv-positive fish were successfully mated, and fertilized eggs were collected. offspring that hatched were tested and were shown to have ccv. this result indicated vertical transmission of ccv, a herpesvirus. | 1988 | 2851954 |
| molecular cloning of fragments of the channel catfish virus (herpesviridae) genome and expression of the encoded mrna during infection. | eleven ecori dna fragments from the genome of an isolate of channel catfish virus (ccv) were cloned into the bacterial vector puc19. the cloned dna fragments ranged in size from approximately 200 base pairs to greater than 5,400 base pairs and accounted for about 13.5% of the 130,000-base pair ccv genome. nine of these ccv dna fragments encoded sequences that were expressed during late ccv infection. channel catfish (total length, 4 cm) injected with ccv expressed ccv mrna at detectable amounts ... | 1988 | 2854708 |
| visual system of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus): iii. fiber order in the optic nerve and optic tract. | in channel catfish the ganglion cell axons leave the retina via a ring of approximately 13 separate optic papillae. each papilla serves an area of retina extending from the central zone of the retina to the periphery. papillae located at a dorsal position in the ring serve exclusively dorsal retina. ventrally located papillae, however, have an exaggerated peripheral retinal representation, so that they serve mostly ventral retina but also some areas of peripheral retina dorsal to the nasal and t ... | 1988 | 3360990 |
| bifurcation analysis of nonlinear retinal horizontal cell models. i. properties of isolated cells. | 1. bifurcation theory is used to study properties of nonlinear analytical and computational models of isolated retinal horizontal cells. the analytical model is based on the published data of shingai and christensen describing steady-state i-v characteristics of horizontal cells isolated from catfish (ictalurus punctatus) retina. the computational model is based on i-v characteristics of distinct macroscopic membrane currents observed in horizontal cells isolated from goldfish (carassius auratus ... | 1989 | 2769357 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of channel catfish heavy chain cdna indicate phylogenetic diversity within the igm immunoglobulin family. | catfish cdna libraries were constructed using the poly(a+) rna obtained from in vitro stimulated catfish leukocytes. antigenic analysis with different antisera to catfish ig resulted in the definition of cdna clones encoding the catfish h chain. sequence analysis confirmed that the catfish h chain was definitively identified, based on its similarities with chicken and mouse mu chains. two clones were each shown to encode part of the ch2 domain, the complete ch3 and ch4 domains, the c-terminus, a ... | 1989 | 2492581 |
| activation of complement by different immunoglobulin heavy chain isotypes of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | the approximately 750,000 mol. wt tetrameric ab population from catfish immunized with sheep erythrocytes (e) was purified and shown to sensitize e to the hemolytic activity of catfish serum complement. catfish complement was heat-labile at 45 degrees c and was hemolytically inactivated by both egta and edta. hemolytic activity of edta treated serum was restored by the addition of both ca+ and mg2+ ions. in comparative assays, the ch50 titers of catfish sera were similar to the ch50 titers of hu ... | 1989 | 2505064 |
| lipid characterization and 14c-acetate metabolism in catfish taste epithelium. | the catfish, ictalurus punctatus is an important model system for the study of the biochemical mechanisms of taste reception. a detailed lipid analysis of epithelial tissue from the taste organ (barbel) of the catfish has been performed. polar lipids account for 62 +/- 1% of the total, neutrals for 38 +/- 1%. phosphatidyl-cholines, serines and ethanolamines are the major constituents of the polar fraction. plasmalogen concentration is high relative to that of non-neural tissues. [14c]-acetate is ... | 1989 | 2912767 |
| plasmid homologies in edwardsiella ictaluri. | plasmids from all available non-channel catfish isolates of edwardsiella ictaluri were classified by gel electrophoresis and hybridization methods. all isolates, regardless of source, contained classes of homologous plasmids with similar but not identical sizes. | 1989 | 2619312 |
| dietary influences on disease resistance factors in channel catfish. | the effects of diet on selected disease resistance factors were studied in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). two commercial feeds and a "control," laboratory-prepared diet were compared. macrophage function (phagocytosis and intracellular killing) was used to assess nonspecific disease resistance and serum antibody was measured as an indication of specific immunity. we measured the immune response to edwardsiella ictaluri, a common bacterial pathogen of catfish, as well as the phagocytosis ... | 1989 | 2767308 |
| outer membrane protein profiles of edwardsiella ictaluri from fish. | outer membrane proteins (omp) prepared with sodium n-lauroyl sarcocinate (sls) from 33 edwardsiella ictaluri isolates from fish were examined by electrophoresis. twenty-eight isolates from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) had similar omp profiles. ten bands (71 kilodaltons [kd] to 19.5 kd) were identified in all isolates from channel catfish. one major 35-kd protein comprised most of the protein content of the outer membrane of isolates from channel catfish. differences existed among isolat ... | 1990 | 1689127 |
| fish cell lines: establishment and characterization of three new cell lines from grass carp (ctenopharyngodon idella). | three new cell lines were established from tissues of the grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella. derived from the fin, snout, and swim bladder of two apparently healthy diploid fry, these cell lines have been designated gcf, gcs-2, and gcsb, respectively. the cells grew at temperatures between 24 degrees and 36 degrees c with optimal growth at 32 degrees c and have been subcultured more than 50 times since their initiation in august 1986. two of the lines remained diploid or pseudodiploid after 38 ... | 1990 | 2108122 |
| effect of size and temperature on the quantity of immunoglobulin in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | concentrations of serum immunoglobulin (ig) were determined for 30 channel catfish from pond water at 10 degrees c. these values were compared to measurements of 15 channel catfish from pond water at 30 degrees c. channel catfish from 10 degrees c pond water had no significant (p greater than 0.05) different ig concentrations (mean, 398 mg/dl) than catfish from 30 degrees c pond water (mean, 367 mg/dl). serum ig concentrations appear not to be different in cold (10 degrees c) vs warm (30 degrees ... | 1990 | 2110694 |
| effect of low-temperature culture and l3t4 antibody on the survival of pancreatic islets xenograft (fish to mouse). | catfish (ictalurus punctatus) islets were transplanted into the renal subcapsular space of diabetic c57bl/6j mice. the xenograft mean survival time (mst) of islets cultured for 6 days at 24 degrees c was 4.9 +/- 0.5 days, while xenotransplantation of 1-hour-cultured islets did not restore normoglycemia in the diabetic mice. a modest but significant prolongation of the mst was obtained by administration of anti-l3t4 monoclonal antibody to the recipients (13.4 +/- 2.1 days). anti-l3t4 in conjuncti ... | 1990 | 2116970 |
| membrane damage to escherichia coli and bactericidal kinetics by the alternative complement pathway of channel catfish. | 1. increased permeability of cytoplasmic membranes in escherichia coli was a consequence of alternative complement pathway (acp) activity of serum of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. evidence was provided by beta-galactosidase activity extracellularly when e. coli was incubated with catfish serum. 2. lesions were detected on outer membranes of e. coli following exposure to catfish serum. 3. catfish acp induced a temporal sequence of pre-killing and killing phases. 4. loss of cell viability, ... | 1990 | 2286064 |
| a protein kinase-related gene within the channel catfish herpesvirus genome. | 1990 | 2349101 | |
| differences in the phagocytosis of four bacteria by channel catfish neutrophils. | the purpose of this study was to compare the phagocytosis of aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella ictaluri, edwardsiella tarda and micrococcus luteus by channel catfish neutrophils. various aspects of opsonization effect and bactericidal ability of channel catfish neutrophils were investigated. percent phagocytosis ranged from a low of 1% to a high of 91%. the highest percent phagocytosis and phagocytic indices routinely occurred with normal serum and were highest for m. luteus (91.78%, 55.25) and ... | 1990 | 2369968 |
| afferent connections of the optic tectum in channel catfish ictalurus punctatus. | horseradish peroxidase was injected unilaterally into the optic tectum of the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. the sources of tectal afferents were thereby revealed by retrogradely labeled neurons in various brain centers. retrogradely labeled cells were seen in both the ipsilateral and contralateral telencephalon. the superficial pretectal area was labeled on both sides of the brain. ipsilateral projections were also observed coming from the entopeduncular nucleus. both the anterior thalam ... | 1990 | 2078856 |
| nutrition of aquaculture species. | dietary requirements for amino acids and fatty acids have been reported for channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), salmonids (oncorhynchus spp.), common carp (cyprinus carpio), tilapias (oreochromis spp.), and eel (anguilla japonicus). most of the vitamin and mineral requirements are available for channel catfish and salmonids, and some are available for common carp, tilapia, eel, and other finfish and crustaceans. from this available information, cost-effective feeds can be formulated for the m ... | 1991 | 1778835 |
| use of polymerase chain reaction to detect latent channel catfish virus. | polymerase chain reaction was used to detect an economically important herpesvirus, channel catfish virus (ccv). a segment of the viral dna was sequenced and oligonucleotide primers were produced from that sequence. after the primers were tested for the possibility of hybridization to catfish dna, they were used to prime the polymerase chain reaction, using pure ccv dna, ccv dna added to catfish dna, and dna from catfish infected and not infected with ccv. in all cases, the method proved to be s ... | 1991 | 1665023 |
| phylogeny of immune recognition: processing and presentation of structurally defined proteins in channel catfish immune responses. | this work was undertaken to investigate whether or not antigen processing and presentation are important in channel catfish in vitro secondary immune responses elicited with structurally defined proteins, namely, pigeon heart cytochrome c (pcytc), hen egg lysozyme, and horse myoglobin. the use of in vitro antigen-pulsed and fixed b cells or monocytes as antigen presenting cells (apc) resulted in autologous peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) responding with vigorous proliferation and antibody prod ... | 1991 | 1668258 |
| transduction mechanisms for the taste of amino acids. | amino acids are important taste stimuli for a variety of animals. one animal model, the channel catfish, i. punctatus, possesses sensitive taste receptor systems for several amino acids. neurophysiological and biochemical receptor binding studies suggest the presence of at least three receptor pathways: one is a relatively nonspecific site(s) responsive to short-chain neutral amino acids such as l-alanine (l-ala); another is responsive to the basic amino acid l-arginine (l-arg); still another is ... | 1991 | 1679559 |
| effect of temperature on the immune system of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus)--ii. adaptation of anterior kidney phagocytes to 10 degrees c. | 1. anterior kidney phagocytes from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) exposed to 10 and 24 degrees c from 1 day to 5 weeks were assayed for phagocytic ability and respiratory burst activity to aeromonas hydrophila and edwardsiella ictaluri. 2. the results of this study indicated that phagocytosis in channel catfish remained partially functional at low temperature without adaptation, although partial suppression was observed. 3. adaptation to low temperature did lead to an improvement in the r ... | 1991 | 1685385 |
| a high-affinity zinc-binding plasma protein in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | 1. channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) have a remarkably high concentration of zinc (zn) in their blood serum, about 20 micrograms/ml. however, compared to mammals, the concentrations of zn in their tissues are not remarkable. the serum zn is dialyzable against a solution containing 1 mm edta. 2. following separation of serum proteins by gel-filtration most of the zn was recovered in a fraction with the same peak volume of elution for the zn and protein concentrations and having a molecular we ... | 1991 | 1687545 |
| bacillus stearothermophilus disk assay for determining ampicillin residues in fish muscle. | the bacillus stearothermophilus disk assay for penicillin in milk (aoac official method) was adapted for the determination of ampicillin in fish muscle. the method was evaluated in 2 species of cultured fish: channel catfish and striped bass. recoveries of ampicillin ranged from 99 to 104% when muscle specimens from both species were spiked at concentrations of 0.025-1.00 micrograms/g. the lower limit of determination (lod) was 0.025 micrograms/g. the assay was applied to monitor the elimination ... | 1991 | 1757413 |
| s-layer positive motile aeromonads isolated from channel catfish. | motile aeromonads are ubiquitous aquatic bacteria that can cause motile aeromonad septicemia (mas), a disease which affects channel catfish and can produce significant economic loss. motile aeromonads isolated from commercially-raised channel catfish were screened for production of s-layer protein in order to evaluate its potential role in natural epizootics. the s-layer protein was produced by 14 of 24 (58%) isolates from epizootics evaluated in this study. concomitant infections with other int ... | 1991 | 1758021 |
| experience in shotgun sequencing a 134 kilobase pair dna molecule. | until now, large dna sequences have been obtained by cloning fragments of the target molecule into plasmid, cosmid or bacteriophage lambda vectors. the 134 kbp dna sequence of channel catfish virus was determined with relative ease by shotgun cloning of random fragments of genomic dna directly into a bacteriophage m13 vector, sequencing by dideoxynucleotide chain termination, and compilation of the data using staden's database handling programs. experience gained during this endeavour indicates ... | 1991 | 1768862 |
| biochemical and serological characterization of carnobacterium spp. isolated from farmed and natural populations of striped bass and catfish. | a comparative analysis of the phenotypic and serological properties of carnobacterium strains associated with mortalities of cultured striped bass and channel catfish and the properties of isolates from wild brown bullhead catfish in the chesapeake bay area in maryland was conducted. all of the strains were gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming rods occurring singly or in short chains. they did not produce cytochrome oxidase or catalase, did not reduce nitrate, fai ... | 1991 | 1781676 |
| the genome of human herpesvirus 6: maps of unit-length and concatemeric genomes for nine restriction endonucleases. | more than 50 fragments resulting from complete digestion of the dna of human herpesvirus 6 (hhv-6, strain u1102) with bamhi, ecori, hindiii, kpni, nrui, sali or smai have been isolated as clones in m13, plasmid, cosmid and lambda vectors. using these clones, maps have been constructed for the fragments produced by nine restriction enzymes from unit-length virus genomes and from their concatemeric precursors. the unit-length genome is a linear, double-stranded molecule of 161.5 kbp composed of a ... | 1991 | 1846644 |
| spontaneous development of functionally active long-term monocytelike cell lines from channel catfish. | during the course of studies involving the in vitro manipulation of channel catfish peripheral blood leukocytes, spontaneous proliferation was observed with unexpectedly high frequency. propagation of these spontaneously proliferating cells has resulted in the development of long-term (greater than 11 mo.) cell lines which stain positively for nonspecific esterase and peroxidase, are phagocytic for latex beads, and morphologically resemble mammalian monocytes or macrophages. these long-term cell ... | 1991 | 1856153 |
| granulomatous inflammation and monstrous giant cells in response to intraperitoneal hormone implants in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | plastic implants (2.7 mm maximum dimension) of an ethyl vinyl acetate copolymer (evac) matrix, containing inulin, bovine serum albumin (bsa) and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (lhrh), were covered with impervious evac and then surgically placed into the peritoneal cavity of 1-year-old channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. in fish kept in cold water (13 degrees c), 10 per cent of the implants per month were encapsulated by granulation tissue. in fish kept in warm water (27 degrees c), 20 p ... | 1991 | 1865025 |
| evolution of herpesvirus thymidine kinases from cellular deoxycytidine kinase. | the thymidine kinases encoded by herpesviruses of higher vertebrates form a distinct group and are unrelated to the thymidine kinases (tks) of other organisms. their evolutionary source has not been identified, but our analysis has revealed a clear relationship with a sequence of human deoxycytidine kinase (dck) published recently. we report the sequence of the putative tk of channel catfish virus, a herpesvirus of a lower vertebrate, and show that it is also related to dck. we propose, therefor ... | 1991 | 1919533 |
| measurement and prediction of digestible energy values in feedstuffs for the herbivorous fish tilapia (oreochromis niloticus linn.). | digestible energy (de) values were measured in a selection of feedstuffs for the tilapia (oreochromis niloticus linn.) and used to develop equations for predicting de values of a wider range of feedstuffs from chemical analyses. preliminary work examined the influences of substitution level in a reference diet and adaptation over time on de values for soya-bean meal. length of adaptation period significantly affected de values (p less than 0.01), but substitution level, over the range 200-600 g ... | 1991 | 1931904 |
| heavy chain variable region gene families evolved early in phylogeny. ig complexity in fish. | the v regions of channel catfish h chain cdna clones have been analyzed. based upon sequence relationships and hybridization analyses, five different groups of vh genes are identified whose definition is consistent with that of five different vh families. genomic southern blots indicate that as many as 100 different germ-line vh genes are likely represented by these families. the sequence diversity between identified members of these different families is similar in magnitude to the divergence r ... | 1991 | 1988492 |
| fish mortality in the mississippi catfish farming industry in 1988: causes and treatments. | the 1988 fish mortality summary for the catfish (ictalurus punctatus) industry in mississippi is presented. in 1988, 2,456 cases were submitted to mississippi cooperative extension service fish disease laboratories at belzoni and stoneville. bacterial infection caused by edwardsiella ictaluri was the leading cause of catfish mortality. descriptions and treatments are presented for bacterial, parasitic, viral and other diseases affecting mississippi farm-raised catfish in 1988. | 1991 | 2023314 |
| in vitro responses of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, neutrophils to edwardsiella ictaluri. | the in vitro responses of channel catfish peripheral blood neutrophils to edwardsiella ictaluri were examined through the use of phagocytic, bactericidal, and chemiluminescent assays. evidence from both light and electron microscopy indicate that catfish neutrophils appeared to phagocytose e. ictaluri. although extracellular killing of e. ictaluri was observed, bactericidal assays did not demonstrate intracellular killing of e. ictaluri by neutrophils. catfish neutrophils mount a chemiluminescen ... | 1991 | 2050246 |
| chemical identification of catfish growth hormone and prolactin. | isolation and primary structure of growth hormone (gh) and prolactin (prl) from the pituitary gland of catfish (ictalurus punctatus) are described. alkaline extract of the pituitary glands was fractionated by gel filtration on sephadex g-75, ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose, and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on octadecyl silica ods. catfish gh and prl were identified by western blotting with antisera against chum salmon gh and prl. the catfish gh consists of ... | 1992 | 1308206 |
| electroporation: a method for transferring genes into the gametes of zebrafish (brachydanio rerio), channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), and common carp (cyprinus carpio). | recombinant plasmids containing the rous sarcoma virus long-terminal repeat (rsvltr) promoter linked to either rainbow trout (oncorhyncus mykiss) growth hormone 1 (rtgh1) or growth hormone 2 (rtgh2) cdna were linearized and introduced into the fertilized eggs of zebrafish (brachydanio rerio), channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), and common carp (cyprinus carpio) by both electroporation and microinjection. the latter two species had these rainbow trout constructs (rsvltr-rtgh1cdna or rsvltr-rtg ... | 1992 | 1339228 |
| purification and partial characterization of immobilization antigens from ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a parasitic ciliate of freshwater fishes, was found to have surface antigens (ag) which elicited immobilizing antibodies (ab) when injected into rabbits. an effort was made to purify and characterize these ag (referred to as immobilization ag) because of their potential role in protective immunity in fishes. mice immunized with theront cilia were used for production of immobilizing monoclonal antibodies (mab). hybridomas were screened by indirect immunofluorescent l ... | 1992 | 1383510 |
| molecular genetics of sex determination in channel catfish: studies on sry, zfy, bkm, and human telomeric repeats. | in amniotes, the banded krait minor (bkm) minisatellite (gata), the human telometric sequence (ttaggg)7, and the y-specific genes, zfy and sry, are associated with a particular sex. these sequences were studied in the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. however, none was sex-specific in catfish; homologs of each were present in males and females. our data suggest that components of mammalian sex-determining systems may be widespread and shared among the vertebrates in general. whether those co ... | 1992 | 1391325 |
| novel heme-binding component in the serum of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | the serum of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) was examined for heme- and hemoglobin-binding proteins. electrophoretic mobility retardation assays failed to detect a hemoglobin-binding material similar to mammalian haptoglobin; however, a heme-binding component (not previously described) was identified in catfish serum. the heme-binding component was purified by gel filtration chromatography; electrophoretic analyses suggested it to be composed of two polypeptide subunits of molecular ma ... | 1992 | 1392473 |
| isolation of an acute-phase phosphorylcholine-reactive pentraxin from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus). | 1. channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) serum contains a protein that precipitates pneumococcal c-polysaccharide (cps) in a calcium-dependent fashion. 2. the serum titer of this protein follows an acute-phase pattern in catfish injected with turpentine. 3. a non-glycosylated, phosphorylcholine (pc)-reactive protein (prp) with molecular mass ca 100 kda, was isolated from channel catfish acute-phase sera by affinity chromatography on pc-sepharose 4b. 4. contaminating proteins with molecular masse ... | 1992 | 1499290 |
| preliminary biological characterization of a melanization stimulating factor (msf) from the dorsal skin of the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | a two step fractionation of conditioned media made from the darkly pigmented dorsal skin of the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, has produced fractions that contain a melanization stimulating factor (msf). isolated neural tubes of xenopus laevis embryos exposed to conditioned media and to specific fractions exhibit greater melanization (increased numbers of melanized cells and elevated percentages of melanized cells), a greater number of dendrites per melanized cell, and a greater number of ... | 1992 | 1528091 |
| summary of bacterial isolates from farm-reared channel catfish (1979-1988). | 1992 | 1616987 | |
| channel catfish virus: a new type of herpesvirus. | herpesviruses are large double-stranded dna viruses which infect vertebrates from fish to man. convincing genetic relationships between herpesviruses that infect higher vertebrates (birds and mammals) have been demonstrated previously by comparing proteins predicted from dna sequences and have been interpreted as a result of evolution from a common ancestor. in order to evaluate how herpesviruses of lower vertebrates fit into this scheme, the 134,226-bp genome of channel catfish virus was sequen ... | 1992 | 1727613 |
| ascending general visceral pathways within the brainstems of two teleost fishes: ictalurus punctatus and carassius auratus. | the primary general visceral nucleus in goldfish (carassius auratus) and catfish (ictalurus punctatus) is located at the ventroposterior boundary of the vagal gustatory lobe and receives coelomic visceral, but not gustatory inputs. the neuronal tracer horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was employed to visualize sources of input to and ascending projections from the primary general visceral nucleus in these species. in addition, immunocytochemical techniques were utilized to define the cytological divi ... | 1992 | 1629401 |
| sphaerospora infection of american catfishes (ictalurus punctatus and i. nebulosus) in europe. | the occurrence in europe of a sphaerospora species described in north america is reported. based upon its morphological characteristics, the parasite could be identified with the species s. hankai described from brown bullhead in canada. this parasite was found to infect channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) cultured in farm ponds in italy and brown bullhead (ictalurus nebulosus) living in the supply channels of fish ponds in hungary. the spores and sporogonic developmental stages were situated ... | 1992 | 1298164 |
| diencephalic gustatory connections in the channel catfish. | vertebrate gustatory systems include a tertiary ascending pathway from a secondary gustatory nucleus in the hindbrain to several forebrain nuclei. this connection is prominent in catfish, corresponding to their highly developed sense of taste. iontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase were used to identify the specific target nuclei of the tertiary gustatory pathway in channel catfish and to characterize those nuclei by their respective connections. efferents from the secondary gustator ... | 1993 | 7506715 |
| the primary octaval nuclei and inner ear afferent projections in the otophysan ictalurus punctatus. | physical coupling between the swimbladder and the inner ear is believed to contribute to the enhanced hearing abilities of otophysans relative to those of teleosts lacking comparable otic specializations. we hypothesized that the auditory circuitry of otophysans might also exhibit derived features [mccormick and braford, 1988]. as a first test of this hypothesis, we examined the normal anatomy and inner ear inputs of the primary octaval nuclei in the catfish ictalurus punctatus. from nissl-stain ... | 1993 | 8324624 |
| the family of genes encoding odorant receptors in the channel catfish. | the anatomical and numerical simplicity of the fish olfactory system has led us to examine the family of olfactory receptors expressed in the catfish. we have identified a family of genes encoding seven transmembrane domain receptors that share considerable homology with the odorant receptors of the rat. the size of the catfish receptor repertoire appears to be far smaller than in mammals. analysis of the nucleotide sequences suggests that these receptor genes have undergone positive darwinian s ... | 1993 | 7916654 |
| phylogeny of immune recognition: fine specificity of fish immune repertoires to cytochrome c. | using the structurally defined protein antigen cytochrome c, studies were conducted in an attempt to delineate the fine specificities of channel catfish immune repertoires. we have previously reported that species variants of cytochrome c were cross-stimulatory to peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) from catfish immunized with the pigeon variant. molecular database analyses revealed the existence of overlapping epitopes that appear to define the specificity of the immune response to a "family" of ... | 1993 | 7686867 |
| plasmid and serological differences between edwardsiella ictaluri strains. | several studies have shown that isolates of edwardsiella ictaluri obtained from infected channel catfish in the southeastern united states harbor two cryptic plasmids, designated pcl1 (5.7 kb) and pcl2 (4.9 kb). these isolates appear to be serologically homogeneous. to extend these studies, we focused our analyses on two isolates of nonictalurid origin. plasmid analyses of a danio isolate showed that it harbored plasmids which were similar if not identical to pcl1 and pcl2. this strain was also ... | 1993 | 7692817 |
| opsonic effect of the alternative complement pathway on channel catfish peripheral blood phagocytes. | this study determined the effect of the alternative complement pathway (acp) on neutrophil and monocyte phagocytes from peripheral blood of channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. fluorescent-labeled latex microspheres, edwardsiella ictaluri and escherichia coli were used to quantify phagocytic attachment and ingestion. activation of the acp enhanced the attachment of bacteria and microspheres to neutrophils and monocytes. activation of the acp by serum opsonization of escherichia coli increased i ... | 1993 | 8116220 |
| expression of a mouse-channel catfish chimeric igm molecule in a mouse myeloma cell. | fusion genes encoding a murine vh domain and the constant region domains of the mu chain from the channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, were stably expressed in the lambda light chain producing mouse myeloma cell line j558l. although the pathways of pre-mrna processing for expression of membrane (micron and secreted (microsecond) forms of the mu chain differ between mammals and teleosts, mrnas encoding both catfish micron and microsecond were correctly expressed in the mouse myeloma cells. the m ... | 1993 | 8232326 |
| structure of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) growth hormone gene and its evolutionary implications. | a dna fragment of 1.6 kilo base pairs (kb), encoding part of the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) growth hormone (gh) gene, was generated by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using 2 degenerate synthetic oligonucleotides (30 and 33 mer) derived from the n- and c-terminal amino acid sequences of the catfish gh polypeptide as amplification primers and with catfish genomic dna as a template. this dna fragment was used as a probe for the isolation of a catfish gh gene from a genomic library c ... | 1993 | 8293072 |
| rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent tests for detecting antibodies to edwardsiella ictaluri in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, using exoantigen. | a rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to evaluate sera from channel catfish with and without edwardsiella ictaluri infection. anti-e. ictaluri antibodies were detected in the sera from 94 of 100 infected catfish. specific antibodies were not detected in the sera from 100 non-infected fish. the elisa was based on the falcon assay screening test (fast) and was performed in 30 min. an e. ictaluri exoantigen was used in the fast-elisa. the immunodominance of the exoantigen ... | 1993 | 8333144 |
| sequence of two eco ri fragments from salmonis herpesvirus 2 and comparison with ictalurid herpesvirus 1. | two eco ri fragments from salmonis herpesvirus 2 (oncorhynchus masou virus) have been sequenced. clone poe 150 coded for a protein homologous to orf 68 from ictalurid herpesvirus 1 (channel catfish virus). clone poe21 coded for a protein homologous with orf46 from the same virus. no homology was found with mammalian herpesviruses. | 1993 | 8379857 |
| channel catfish liver monooxygenases. immunological characterization of constitutive cytochromes p450 and the absence of active flavin-containing monooxygenases. | multiple drugs and pesticides are used in the aquaculture of channel catfish in the southeastern united states. however, little is known regarding the enzymatic metabolism of these chemicals in the fish. western blots, utilizing polyclonal antibodies raised against five purified rainbow trout liver cytochrome p450 enzymes, revealed at least two protein bands that were approximately 50 kda (catl-1) and 53 kda (catl-2). anti-trout lmc3 and lmc4 only hybridized with the 53 kda protein, whereas anti ... | 1993 | 8424815 |
| productive infection of continuous lines of channel catfish leukocytes by channel catfish virus. | channel catfish virus (ccv) undergoes extensive replication in fingerling catfish and establishes latent infection in survivors. although the site of viral latency in carriers is unknown, a variety of tissues, including leukocytes, have been implicated. to explore the interaction of ccv and leukocytes further, we examined in vitro infection of continuous lines of cloned catfish b cells and non-cloned lines containing predominantly macrophages and putative t-cells. our results indicate that all t ... | 1993 | 8460502 |
| protection against enteric septicemia of catfish (ictalurus punctatus) by immunization with the r-mutant, escherichia coli (j5). | the protective effects of immunization with the rough (r) mutant, escherichia coli (j5), were evaluated in an experimental model of edwardsiella ictaluri-induced enteric septicemia of catfish (ictalurus punctatus). groups of 18 to 25 fish were administered killed e coli (j5) with or without an aluminum hydroxide (alum) adjuvant by intraperitoneal (i.p.) or im route. vaccinated fish were experimentally infected with virulent ed ictaluri. fish were monitored to determine survival after ed ictaluri ... | 1994 | 7802393 |
| isolation and characterization of the cdna encoding the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) form of cytochrome p450arom. | cytochrome p450arom (aromatase) is responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens. a cdna library was constructed from poly(a)-enriched mrna isolated from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) ovary and ligated into ecori-cut lambda arms. the amplified library was screened using a human aromatase dna probe. the longest clone isolated (2.1 kb) contained 20 bp of the 5'-untranslated region, a 1572-bp open reading frame, and a 509-bp 3'-untranslated region. northern blot analysis indicate ... | 1994 | 7958747 |
| functionally distinct high and low molecular weight species of channel catfish and mouse il-1. | culture supernatants from channel catfish monocytes exhibit il-1-like activity for mouse and catfish t cells. gel filtration analyses of these supernatants indicated that there were at least two forms of il-1-like activity, i.e. a high molecular weight form (70 kd) active on channel catfish, but not mouse, t cells and a low molecular weight form (approximately 15 kd) with activity for mouse, but not catfish, t cells. both sizes of catfish il-1 exhibited alpha and beta determinants as shown by we ... | 1994 | 8003627 |
| experimental feeding of fusarium moniliforme culture material containing fumonisin b1 to channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus. | 1994 | 8011771 | |
| channel catfish herpesvirus (ccv) encodes a functional thymidine kinase gene: elucidation of a point mutation that confers resistance to ara-t. | the channel catfish herpesvirus (ccv) thymidine kinase (tk) gene was mapped on the ccv genome by marker rescue analysis using a tk-deficient channel catfish ovary cell line (cco), a tk-negative ccv mutant, and a panel of cloned ccv genomic dna fragments. the tk-deficient cell line (ccobr) was isolated after repeated propagation of cco cells in increasing concentrations of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. infection of ccobr cells with ccv produced high levels of tk activity. the tk- virus (ccvar) was iso ... | 1994 | 8030231 |
| a beta-glucan inhibitable zymosan receptor on channel catfish neutrophils. | in mice and humans zymosan binds to the complement receptor three/mac-1 receptor; however, identification of this receptor in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) has not been accomplished. soluble fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) conjugated beta-glucan, a component of zymosan, was found to bind to channel catfish anterior kidney (ak) neutrophils but not to b-lymphocytes. serum activated zymosan (saz)-mediated chemiluminescence responses of channel catfish ak neutrophils could be inhibited by ... | 1994 | 8066990 |
| expressed sequence tags (est) identify genes preferentially expressed in catfish chemosensory tissues. | expressed sequence tags (ests) for the catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were identified and characterized by shotgun sequencing coupled to northern analysis. we have identified and characterized a number of cdna clones from a catfish olfactory mucosal library that show differential tissue expression including several that are enriched in chemosensory tissue. among the novel cdna clones studied were an olfactory specific beta-tubulin and a novel member of the s-100 family of calcium-binding proteins ... | 1994 | 8090068 |
| a demonstration of human beta-2-microglobulin specific association with the surface of teleostean cells. | purified human beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2m) and a human beta 2m fluorochrome conjugate were used in exchange reactions to demonstrate that beta 2m associates with a teleostean cell surface protein. beta 2m exchange among brown bullhead, channel catfish, fathead minnow, and rainbow trout cells lines was detected by using either radioimmunoassay or flow cytometry. evidence that beta 2m binds specifically with the surface of teleostean cells and possibly associates with an expressed class i mhc h ... | 1994 | 7768315 |
| organization of inner ear endorgan projections in the goldfish, carassius auratus. | cytoarchitectural analysis of the octavolateralis area of the goldfish, carassius auratus, reveals that as in other teleosts, five first-order octaval nuclei are present: the anterior octaval, magnocellular, descending, tangential, and posterior octaval nuclei. the descending nucleus appears to be anatomically specialized relative to that of the halecomorph amia calva and many teleosts in that a large dorsomedial subpopulation of the nucleus lies medial to nucleus medialis, a first-order lateral ... | 1994 | 8038983 |
| glutathione-dependent defense in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and brown bullhead (ameriurus nebulosus). | glutathione-dependent defense against xenobiotic toxicity is a multifaceted phenomenon that has been well characterized in mammals. this study undertakes a comparison of two benthic fish species, the channel catfish and brown bullhead, in terms of characteristics of the glutathione system. the channel catfish, a species that has seldom been observed to express pollutant-mediated neoplasia in field studies, was observed to have significantly higher constitutive levels of hepatic total glutathione ... | 1994 | 7523070 |
| deletion of thymidine kinase gene attenuates channel catfish herpesvirus while maintaining infectivity. | a recombinant thymidine kinase (tk) gene deletion mutant of channel catfish herpesvirus (ccv) was constructed and compared to the parent virus for replicative ability in cell culture, for the ability to infect, replicate, and cause lethal disease in the channel catfish host, and for the ability to induce protective immunity in channel catfish fingerlings. there was no difference between parent ccv and the tk-negative mutant (ccvtk-) in viral production in cell culture. however, in immersion chal ... | 1995 | 7778299 |
| immediate-early transcription from the channel catfish virus genome: characterization of two immediate-early transcripts. | with cdna probes and by northern (rna) blot analysis, a region containing immediate-early (ie) genes in the channel catfish virus (ccv) genome was identified. ie transcription in ccv-infected cells appears to be restricted to the terminal repeat region, suggesting that ccv is most closely related to the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses. ccv dna fragments from this region encoding ie transcripts were cloned. northern analysis with one of these cloned fragments, a 3,927-bp ecori-xbai fragment, ind ... | 1995 | 7707544 |
| in vitro biotransformation of aflatoxin b1 (afb1) in channel catfish liver. | the biotransformation of the dietary carcinogen aflatoxin b1 (afb1) was examined in hepatic microsomal and cytosolic fractions from channel catfish, an aquatic species shown to be refractory to afb1 toxicity and reported to be resistant to afb1 hepatocarcinogenesis. catfish liver microsomes catalyzed the in vitro oxidation of afb1 to the reactive afb1-8,9-epoxide (afbo) at high substrate concentrations (128 microm afb1) but not at low substrate concentrations (16 microm afb1) which were more rep ... | 1995 | 7747288 |
| immunotoxicity in channel catfish, ictalurus punctatus, following acute exposure to tributyltin. | tributyltin (tbt) is a trialkylated organotin formulated for use primarily as a biocide for aquatic and agricultural industries. although macrophages isolated from toadfish (opsanus tau) are sensitive to exposure, very little is known about the effects of tbt on fish humoral immunity and non-specific cytotoxic cell (ncc) functions. to evaluate the effects of tbt on these parameters, channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) were given a single intraperitoneal injection of corn oil with 0 (vehicle co ... | 1995 | 7755401 |
| molecular cloning of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c from catfish olfactory rosettes. | a 2.7 kb clone encoding the partial (about 66%) sequence of a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c (plc) was isolated from a cdna library constructed from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) olfactory rosettes. the clone, designated 30c7, was completely sequenced by automated dna sequencing and was found to share significant homology with rat and bovine plcs of the delta 1 isotype. in situ hybridization showed that 30c7 transcripts were expressed in a small subpopulation of olfactory neur ... | 1995 | 7476017 |