Publications

neuromuscular junctions and l-glutamate-sensitive sites in the fleshfly, sarcophaga bullata.		1975	1194706
independent replication of the ribosomal rna genes in the polytrophic-meroistic ovaries of calliphora erythrocephala, drosophila hydei, and sarcophaga barbata.	by filter saturation hybridizations the ribosomal (r)dna contents of the ovaries calliphora erythrocephala, drosophila hydei, and sarcophaga barbata have been measured in comparison to the rdna percentages of their diploid brains. the measurements of the ovarian rdna have been carried out on ovaries where the nurse cells in the distal egg chamber of the ovarioles had reached their highest ploidy level. the diploid rdna content of each of the respective species was chosen as a 100% standard and t ...	1975	1201686
ph of gut & salivary glands of sarcophaga ruficornis fab. & musca domestica linn.		1975	239904
isolation of mitochondria from sarcophaga ruficornis larvae rich in phenolics.		1975	1157843
[human myiasis in middle europe].	a report is given on 4 cases of myiasis of the mucous membrane of different localisation and etiology observed in the gdr (vaginal myiasis by lucilia sericata, urethral and vesicular myiasis by calliphora vicina, rectal myiasis by sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis and ophthalmomyiasis by oestrus ovis). biological peculiarities and habits of life of the causative organisms, pathogenesis of the different forms of parasitosis in man and clinical pictures are described. the cases mentioned show that occasi ...	1975	1163070
stimulation of hydrocarbon biosynthesis by ecdysterone in the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata.		1975	1165405
histochemical localization of trehalase activity in dorsal flight muscle of the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata with light and electron microscopy.	trehalase activity in flight muscle of the flesh fly sacrophaga bullata is detected histochemically at light- and electron-microscopic levels by using diaminobenzidine, glucose oxidase and peroxidase in the incubation medium. the association of trehalase activity with the inner mitochondrial membrane is confirmed. biochemical assay shows that about 50% of the initial total trehalase activity is lost from the tissue during the histochemical processing and about 50% remains for histochemical detec ...	1975	1194670
formation of temporary flagellar structures during insect organogenesis.	cilia and flagella are rare in nongerminal tissues of anthropods, and are generally thought to be restricted to sperm and sensory cells in insects (2). whitten (5) has reported the presence of kinetosomes at the base of mitotrichia in the dipteran fly sarcophaga bullata, but reports no evidence of the organization of fibrous elements characteristic of cilia and or flagella. during an ultrastructural analysis of morphogenesis of the colleterial gland of the silk moth hyalophora cecropia, we found ...	1975	1127020
co2-induced changes in the erg of the fly. sarcophaga bullata. a component analysis.		1975	1120917
radiosensitivity of the flesh fly, sarcophaga bullata (parker), throughout larval and pupal life.		1976	935345
the in vitro synthesis and secretion of alpha-ecdysone by the ring glands of the fly, sarcophaga bullata.	the in vitro secretory product of larval sarcophage bullata ring glands has been identified as 2beta, 3beta, 14alpha, 22r, 25-pentahydroxy-5beta-cholest-7-en-6-one (alpha-ecdysone). mid to late 3rd instar larval ecdysones were isolated and identified as 2beta, 3beta, 14alpha, 20r, 22r, 25-hexahydroxy-5beta-cholest-7-en-6-one (beta-ecdysone) and alpha-ecdysone at a ratio of 27:1. the low level of alpha-ecdysone in vivo, relative to its exclusive in vitro synthesis and secretion by the ring glands ...	1976	1265796
selective activation of rna polymerase i in fat body nuclei of sarcophaga peregrina larvae by beta-ecdysone.		1976	1278592
unidirectional ion movements in the hindgut of larval sarcophaga bullata (diptera: sarcophagidae).	1. unidirectional na+, k+, and cl- fluxes were measured across the isolated hindgut of larval sarcophaga bullata. 2. both k+ and cl- are actively secreted into the hindgut lumen, whereas na+ is distributed passively. 3. the movements of k+ and cl- are not entirely independent of each other, and the movement of one ion influences the flux of the co-ion. 4. the nh4+ ion is secreted into the hindgut by a mechanism separate from k+ secretion.	1976	1270996
age-related changes in the flight muscle mitochondria from the blowfly sarcophaga bullata.	flight muscle mitochondria have been isolated from female blowflies (sarcophaga bullata) of different ages, alpha-glycerophosphate and pyruvate-proline respiration rates increase during development. only pyruvate-proline respiration declines toward senescence (30%). this decline can be overcome by atp-nahco3. cytochrome concentrations and hydrogen peroxide generation rates per protein increase during development but remain constant thereafter. total nad+ of metabolically completely oxidized mito ...	1976	178708
trypsin activity in the midgut of sarcophaga reficornis and musca domestica (diptera: insecta).		1976	10177
histopathological effect of thiourea on the ovarian tissues of sarcophaga ruficornis (fabr.).	the primary target of thiourea in female sarcophaga are the follicles in the ovarioles. the follicle cells as a result become syncytial and their nuclei get pycnotic, inhibiting the transport of nutrient material into the nurse cells and of yolk into the oocytes. the subnormal eggs produced are not viable.	1976	1248566
the initiation of adult development in sarcophaga argyrostoma by beta-ecdysone.		1976	965776
a survey of houseflies in bangkok and neighboring provinces.	a survey of flies in bangkok and neighboring province revelaed that among 8,675 flies collected there were 10 genera and 18 species of flies, eg. musca domestica, m. bezzii, m. conducens, m. nebulo, chrysomyia megacephala, c. rufifacies, phaenicia sericata, p. cuprina, sarcophaga ruficornis, s. peregrina, s. orchidae, s. albiceps, megaselia scalaris, lispe orientalis, anaclysta flexa, morellia hortensia, hemipyrellia ligurriens and orthellia coeruleifrons. musca mostly bred in low-protein conten ...	1976	1027114
uptake of beta-ecdysone by the fat body and membrane vesicles of fat body cells of sarcophaga peregrina larvae.		1976	1249436
patterns of incorporation of tritiated thymidine by the dorsal polytene foot-pad nuclei of sarcophaga bullata (sarcophagidae:diptera).	the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into the dna of the dorsal foot-pad nuclei of sarcophaga bullata, during pharate adult development, was studied by scintillation counting and autoradiography. incorporation was maximal on day 4 and showed a progressive temporal decline on days 5 to 8. autoradiographs of chromosomal arms a1, a2 and d1, from late stages of the prolonged s period, showed discontinuous incorporation. on days 7 and 8 loci which incorporated the radio-labeled precursor were alm ...	1976	1248338
two cases of enteric myiasis in man. pseudomyiasis and true intestinal myiasis.	dipterous larvae were found in the appendices from two postmortem examinations. the single maggot in the first case was not immediately identified in the sections. however, when the posterior end of the larva was recovered from the unsectioned portion of the appendix, it was identified as a maggot of the genus sarcophaga. the first case was believed to be a case of "pseudomyiasis,+ i.e., the accidental entrapment of a swallowed larva passing through the digestive tract. in the second case, the a ...	1976	983987
arrest of metamorphosis induced by x rays in flesh fly, sarcophaga peregrina.		1976	948561
haemolymphal activation of protyrosinase and the site of synthesis of haemolymph protyrosinase in larvae of the fleshfly sarcophaga barbata.		1976	820808
some properties of dopa decarboxylase from sarcophaga bullata.		1976	3361
the effect of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane on levels of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate in two species of insects.	within 1 h after topical application of a convulsive dose (4 mug per fly, 47 mg/kg) of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) to the adult male of sarcophaga bullata parker, guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic gmp) levels rose by 71.5% (p less than 0.05) in the head, 159.5% (p less than 0.01) in the thorax, and 23.4% (p greater than 0.05) in the abdomen compared to controls. adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic amp) levels were not significantly affected by the ddt treatment ...	1976	187289
the passage of serum immunoglobulins through the gut of sarcophaga falculata, pand.	rabbits were immunized with brain, muscle or haemolymph of adult sarcophaga falculata, and groups of sarcophaga were then fed on serum collected from the immune rabbits. rabbit serum immunoglobulins on the tissues of the fed flies were demonstrated by the indirect fluorescent antibody method, using fluorescent goat-anti-rabbit igg. the antibodies were specifically demonstrated in the tissues that had been used as immunizing antigen. it was also shown that antibodies unrelated to fly antigens pas ...	1976	779684
susceptibility of female gonads of sarcophaga ruficornis (fabr.) (diptera: sarcophagidae) to thiourea in relation to their age.		1977	845899
crossing between nondiapausing and diapausing races of sarcophaga peregrina.	the temperate race (d) of s. peregrina undergoes pupal diapause in response to certain environmental conditions of photoperiod (13l:11d-11l:13d) and temperature (under 20 degrees c). the tropical race (nd) does not do so under the same circumstances. the tendency toward diapause was suppressed 30-40% of the hybrids of crossings d female x nd male and nd female x dmale even under such short day and low temperature conditions as 11l:13d-9l:15d, 20 degrees c. for entering diapause, the hybrids rreq ...	1977	844547
the diffusional and osmotic water permeability of the hindgut cuticle in larval sarcophaga bullata.		1977	591730
correlation between organophosphate poisoning, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and increased cyclic gmp levels in malathion-treated insects.	organophosphate poisoning with malathion caused large increases (up to 125 and 440%, respectively) in the level of cyclic gmp in larvae of mamestra configurata wlk. and in the fly sarcophaga bullata parker. cyclic amp was little affected. the malathion-induced increase in cyclic gmp was time and dose dependent. time-course studies with the head and thorax of s. bullata demonstrated that the increase in cyclic gmp level occurred precipitously after a lag period of about 1 h, during which time th ...	1977	195684
3':5'-cyclic amp and hormonal control of puparium formation in the fleshfly sarcophaga bullata.	injection of 3':5'-cyclic amp (camp) into larvae of the fly sarcophaga bullata 3-4 hr before the beginning of puparium formation (red-spiracle stage) greatly accelerates the onset of tanning without affecting initiation of puparium formation (anterior retraction). accelerated tanning resembles real tanning in two important respects: the solubility of cuticular proteins becomes reduced and [u-14c]tyrosine is incorporated into the cuticle. of a number of camp analogues tested, 3':5'- cyclic gmp, 2 ...	1977	194250
ultraviolet light and puparial weight as factors in the autogeny of the fleshfly, sarcophaga falculata.		1977	915340
metabolism of beta-alanyl-l-tyrosine in sarcophaga bullata.		1977	915338
role of ecdysone, pupariation factors, and cyclic amp in formation and tanning of the puparium of the fleshfly sarcophaga bullata.	two pupariation factors, anterior retraction factor (arf) and puparium tanning factor (ptf), are absent from the hemolymph of larvae at the time of tanning accelerated by arf/ptf, cyclic amp, or dopamine. arf and ptf are not involved in derepression of dopa decarboxylase (aromatic l-amino-acid decarboxylase, aromatic l-amino-acid carboxy-lyase, ec 4.1.1.28) synthesis initiated by ecdysone. tanning is entirely inhibited by injection of two transcriptional inhibitors, actinomycin and brdurd, and t ...	1977	16592458
is a urea cycle present in insects?	1. the presence of appreciable activity of the urea-cycle enzymes in the tissues of sarcophaga ruficornis, a carnivorous dipteran insect, all through its life-cycle appears significant in view of their total absence barring arginase (l-arginine ureohydrolase, ec 3.5.3.1) in the phytophagous lepidopteran eri silkwork philosamia ricini at any stage of development. further, the variation of all these enzymes all through its development suggests the possibility of the operation of the krebs-henselei ...	1978	697760
mitochondrial phosphate transport and the n-ethylmaleimide binding proteins of the inner membrane.	mitochondria have been prepared from the flight muscles of mature blow-flies (sarcophaga bullata). phosphate transport by these mitochondria, determined by rates of passive swelling in ammonium phosphate, is sensitive to inhibition by n-ethylmaleimide. 20 nmol of n-ethylmaleimide/nmol cytochrome a inhibit the swelling by 90%. when the mitochondria are inhibited by n-[3h]ethylmaleimide, then solubilized in dodecyl sulfate/mercaptoethanol at 100 degrees c and then electrophoresed on dodecyl sulfat ...	1978	687612
effects of x rays on histogenesis of abnormal epidermis and age dependency of radiosensitivity during metamorphosis of the flesh fly, sarcophaga peregrina.		1978	622463
relation between haemolymph proteins and fat body during metamorphosis in sarcophaga lineatocollis.	histological changes in the fat body and in the qualitative haemolymph protein picture has been observed during metamorphosis in sarcophagalineatocollis. a clear correlation exists in the synthesizing machinary i.e., adipose tissue and the haemolymph proteins. proteins get accumulated in the fat body at the time of pupation to be made available for further metabolic processes occuring during the metamorphosis. a protein fraction identical to human serum albumin like protein could not be observed ...	1978	743483
[facultative wound myiasis of man in austria (author's transl)].	three cases of contingent wound myiasis (traumatic myiasis) in man in austria caused by lucilia sericata (2 cases) and sarcophaga argyrostoma and lucilia sericata (1 case) are reported.	1979	463038
induction of pupal diapause and photoperiodic sensitivity during early development of sarcophaga peregrina larvae.	effects of long day and short day treatments during the embryonic and larval stages on induction of pupal diapause were studied on a diapausing race of sarcophaga peregrina. two long day (15l 9d) cycles during 2 days before or after the larviposition completely stopped the induction of pupal diapause on larvae which grow in short day condition before and after the long day treatment. the sensitivity appeared to decrease during the early stage of the third instar and to increase again to some ext ...	1979	541874
postembryonic changes in the optic primordia and optic bud in the flesh fly sarcophaga ruficornis fabr. (diptera: sarcophagidae).	differentiation of the optic lobe anlagen begin in the brain of second instar. each is an elongated disc of cortical cells placed on the dorsolateral border of each protocerebrum. in the late second instar the disc elongates and its two ends bend inwards which gradually separate from the central region, thus giving three imaginal discs. the protocerebral neuropile extends into these discs and medulla interna and externa are formed. the rudiments of compound eyes (cephalic complex) appear in the ...	1979	545933
characterization of extrachromosomal dna in the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata.	the polytene pupal foot pad cells of the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata contain numerous extrachromosomal dna containing granules. we have determined both the origin and the nature of the dna sequences present in these granules. studies done with quinacrine staining of seven day old pupal foot-pad polytene nuclei showed that the granules fluoresced very brightly while the chromosomal bands to which the granules were attached did not. the only other highly fluorescent regions of the polytene karyot ...	1979	533666
genomic organization in the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata.	the genome of the flesh fly sarcophaga bullata has been characterized both cytologically and biochemically. s. bullata has a haploid dna level of 0.61 picograms which is five times larger than the haploid genome size of drosophila melanogaster. reassociation kinetics of sarcophaga dna shows that its sequence organization is very similar to that of d. melanogaster in having a very large proportion of single copy dna (81%) and only small amounts of highly and moderately repetitive dna (9% and 6%, ...	1979	533665
mitosis in the haemocytes of sarcophaga ruficornis (diptera).	among the haemocytes of sarcophaga ruficornis, only the prohaemocytes divide. injection of phytohaemagglutinin-p induces 100% prohaemocytes to undergo mitosis but does not induce mitosis in other cells. mitotic stages other than the prophase are apparently very short lived.	1979	510476
influence of diet on chromatin organization in insect mid-gut cells, and its implications for the understanding of aging in this model system.	female sarcophaga bullata were fed on three different dietary combinations: liver/water; sugar/water; and sugar/liver/water. these diets resulted in different survival patterns for the insect, with the longest lifespans being expressed on the last treatment. the feulgen-dna values for mid-gut cell nuclei were determined using a scanning and integrating microdensitometer. the cell nuclei of the mid-gut reacted to the presence of nutrients by an increase in the extinction values for feulgen-dna wh ...	1979	480996
purification of lectin induced in the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina larvae on injury.	a lectin was purified from the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina larvae, obtained after injury of their body wall. this lectin agglutinated sheep red blood cells markedly and the hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by galactose and lactose. the active lectin was found to have a molecular weight of 190,000 and to consist of four alpha subunits and two beta subunits, with molecular weights of 32,000 and 30,000, respectively. during the early pupal stage, similar hemagglutinating activity in th ...	1980	6766942
dermal myiasis in man caused by sarcophaga krameri (boettcher) (diptera: sarcophagidae) in malaysia.		1980	7403944
changes in head proteins of sarcophaga peregrina with age.		1980	7358184
autonomous puffing patterns in thoracic and abdominal polytene bristle cell chromosomes of the flesh fly sarcophaga barbata.		1980	7372010
on the growth of the proximal oocyte of the fly, sarcophaga ruficornis (diptera): 1. nutritional control.	sarcophaga ruficornis can survive in the laboratory if given sugar and water but is not able to show any appreciable growth of the proximal oocyte. when meat is given in addition to sugar and water, either from the time of emergence or from the fourth day of emergence, tremendous increase in the length and volume of this oocyte is observed. the growth of the oocyte is comparatively greater in the mated flies than in the virgin ones. the possible influence of pheromones or other sex signals was e ...	1980	7380326
structure and metamorphic changes in the brain of the flesh fly sarcophaga ruficornis fabr. (diptera: sarcophagidae).	the larval brain is invested in a thin non-nucleated neurilemma below which lies a cellular perineurium. the brain lacks the central complex but feebly developed pedunculate bodies are present. the visual centres as represented by three optic lobe anlagen placed laterally to the protocerebrum. the deutocerebrum and tritocerebrum are represented by simple, small and rounded medullary masses. in adult, the central complex comprises of well developed central body, ellipsoid body, ventral tubercles ...	1980	7400580
peripheral nervous system of the larva and adult of sarcophaga ruficornis fabr. (diptera: sarcophagidae).	in larva the thoracic and abdominal ganglia of ventral nerve cord are amalgamated into a thoracoabdominal ganglionic "mass". 3 thoracic and 8 paired lateral segmental nerves arise from the "mass" and innervate 1st to 8th abdominal segments. besides these, 7 mid dorsal nerves arise and bifurcate into left and right branches. these innervate the musculature of the 2nd to 8th abdominal segments. the suboesophageal ganglion is incorporated in the brain. in adult, the cervical connective separates th ...	1980	7451947
stereochemistry of the hydrolysis of trehalose by the enzyme trehalase prepared from the flesh fly sarcophaga barbata.	1. the enzyme trehalase was prepared from whole flesh flies, sarcophaga barbata. 2. the rate of mutorotation of glucose released by the enzyme was compared with that of alpha-d-glucose, beta-d-glucose and an equimolar mixture of the two. 3. derivatives of the glucose released by the enzyme were prepared and analysed by gas chromatography for anomeric composition. 4. the enzyme was incubated with trehalose in a medium enriched with h218o and the glucose was analysed by gas chromatography/mass spe ...	1980	7341233
penetrability of orally toxic protein from cobra venom through the gut of a blowfly.	the oral toxicity of a radioiodinated toxic polypeptide isolated from a cobra snake venom as assayed by sarcophaga falculata blowflies coupled with assays on competitive displacement have indicated that: (a) during 3--4 h 8% of the orally active toxin is able to pass through the digestive system of the fly; (b) the orally active toxin after passing the gut binds to body tissues. the strong affinity of the toxin to tissue membranes explains its absence in the insect's hemolymph following oral app ...	1980	7353052
inactivation and reactivation of 20-hydroxyecdysone during pupal-adult development of the fleshfly, sarcophaga peregrina.	the inactivation process of ecdysteroids during pupal-adult development of the fleshfly, sarcophaga peregrina, was analyzed by following injected 3h-20-hydroxyecdysone, 20-hydoxyecdysone was rapidly metabolized and converted mostly into three groups of metabolites, one of which was closely related to 20-hydroxyecdysone in its chemical nature and the other two were polar conjugates of 20-hydroxyecdysone (oa and ob). the first group of metabolites decreased through the first day after injection of ...	1980	7218574
gingival myiasis caused by diptera (sarcophaga).	a unique case of true and accidental gingival myiasis caused by diptera, sarcophaga (flesh fly, housefly) is reported. clinical findings are presented and a possible etiology is discussed.	1980	6928286
penetrability of proteins through the digestive system of sarcophaga falculata blowfly.	on the background of the previous findings concerning the passage of a low molecular basic protein from cobra snake venom through the gut of a blowfly (primor, n., teitelbaum, z. and zlotkin, e. (1980) biochim, biophys, acta 627, 71--81) several additional proteins were tested in the present study. with the aid of toxicity tests, radioiodinated proteins, gel filtration chromatography, and the usage of sarcophaga falculata flies as test animals, the following information was obtained: 1. out of t ...	1980	7353053
activation of latent ribonuclease in the fat-body of fleshfly (sarcophaga peregrina) larvae on pupation.	a crude extract of the fat-bodies of third-instar larvae of sarcophaga peregrina (fleshfly) was found to contain latent rnaase (ribonuclease) consisting of rnaase and inhibitor protein that is sensitive to p-chloromercuribenzoic acid. the rnaase activity in the crude extract of fat-bodies became detectable with time after puparium formation, indicating that the inhibitor is selectively inactivated and rnaase is released from the rnaase-inhibitor complex during metamorphosis.	1981	7317010
gluconeogenesis in the dipteran fleshfly, sarcophaga ruficornis.		1981	7275148
moulting hormone, juvenile hormone and the ultrastructure of the fat body of adult sarcophaga bullata (diptera).	in the ovoviviparous fly, sarcophaga bullata, vitellogenesis in cyclic; a process reflected in ultrastructural changes in the fat body cells and oenocytes. at eclosion the larval fat body has not yet completely disappeared. during vitellogenesis the fat body cells are specialized for intensive protein synthesis showing a very extensive rer and numerous invaginations of the plasma membrane. these features disappear when the eggs descend into the oviducts to complete embryogenesis. the predominant ...	1981	7307050
a possible mechanism of induction of insect lectin.	studies were made using antibody against a lectin induced in the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina larvae on injury. the results suggested that the alpha subunit (mr = 32,000) of the lectin is normally present in the hemolymph. on injury of the body wall, part of the alpha subunit seems to be converted to the beta subunit (mr = 30,000), probably by partial proteolysis with a protease activated in response to the injury. as a result, an active lectin with the structure alpha 4 beta 2 is formed.	1981	6788759
sequence arrangement of the rrna genes of the dipteran sarcophaga bullata.	velocity sedimentation studies of rna of sarcophaga bullata show that the major rrna species have sedimentation values of 26s and 18s. analysis of the rrna under denaturing conditions indicates that there is a hidden break centrally located in the 26s rrna species. saturation hybridization studies using total genomic dna and rrna show that 0.08% of the nuclear dna is occupied by rrna coding sequences and that the average repetition frequency of these coding sequences is approximately 144. the ar ...	1981	6269054
human cases of furuncular, traumatic, and nasal myiasis in connecticut.	case histories are reported for four persons who had furuncular, traumatic, and nasal myiasis in connecticut during 1980. third-stage sarcophaga sp. and musca domestica larvae were removed from sores or wounds, a 2nd-stage cuterebra sp. larva was dislodged from cutaneous tissue, and 3rd-stage larvae of phaenicia sericata were extracted from nasal membranes. human exposure to these facultative or obligate dipteran parasites occurred at residences in urban and suburban settings, including a conval ...	1981	7258501
identification of storage-protein messenger rna of the fleshfly sarcophaga peregrina.	storage-protein mrna was found to be abundant in poly(a)-containing rna extracted from the fat-body of third-instar larvae of sarcophaga peregrina (fleshfly). this rna sedimented at the position of 19s on sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation and the product of its translation in vitro was 75k protein (protein of mol.wt. 75 000), which was precipitated specifically with antibody against storage protein. this product was suggested to contain a signal sequence that is missing in mature storage p ...	1982	6180730
relative growth of oocyte, nurse cells and follicular epithelium during oogenesis in the fly sarcophaga ruficornis (diptera).	the relative growth of the vitellarial components of sarcophaga ruficornis, a flesh fly, is recorded both in linear dimensions and volumes for each of the 12 stages of their development. the oocyte grows enormously, up to 24,828 times initial volume, the oocyte nucleus during the same period increases 159 times initial volume. the nurse cells and follicular epithelial cells grow only during the previtellogenic stages and decline thereafter in the process of furnishing nourishment to the oocyte, ...	1982	7129202
induction of macrophage-mediated tumor lysis by an animal lectin, sarcophaga peregrina agglutinin.	several animal lectins, such as sarcophaga peregrina agglutinin, limulus polyhemus agglutinin, helix pomatia agglutinin and helix aspersa agglutinin, were tested for induction of tumor lysis mediated by macrophages. among them, only s. peregrina agglutinin purified from the hemolymph of s. peregrina larvae lysed tumor cells in co-operation with macrophages from the peritoneal cavity of mice. s. peregrina agglutinin alone did not kill target tumor cells. macrophages in the presence of this lectin ...	1982	7152198
purification and characterization of an antibacterial protein from haemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) larvae.	three antibacterial proteins were induced when the body wall of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) larvae was injured with a hypodermic needle. these proteins were separated and one was purified to homogeneity. the molecular weight of the purified protein was 5000 and its amino acid composition was similar to that of cecropins, which are antibacterial proteins in hyalophora cecropia (cecropia moth) pupae. this protein was found to have bactericidal activity and to be effective at a concentration o ...	1983	6882366
identification and activation of storage protein receptor of sarcophaga peregrina fat body by 20-hydroxyecdysone.	previous work showed that 20-hydroxyecdysone activates the fat body of sarcophaga peregrina larvae to incorporate storage protein selectively from the hemolymph. in this study, storage protein receptors of the fat body membrane which were induced on pupation or on treatment of larval fat body with 20-hydroxyecdysone in vitro were identified. the binding of storage protein to its receptor required divalent cations, especially ca2+, and the binding was very sensitive to ph. the storage protein rec ...	1983	6313643
influence of age and diet on dna synthesis and the dna content of mid-gut cells in the dipteran sarcophaga carnaria.	virgin female sarcophaga carnaria maintained on a diet of sugar and water had shorter lifespans than those maintained on a liver, sugar and water diet; there was no significant different between the lifespans of mated females or mated males kept on the two diets. autoradiographs of mid-gut sections from virgin females which had been fed with [3h]thymidine showed substantial amounts of dna synthesis in the nuclei during at least the first 14-15 days of adult life. cytophotometric measurements of ...	1983	6656299
polymorphonuclear leukocyte-mediated cytolysis induced by animal lectin.	nine animal lectins, i.e., sarcophaga peregrina agglutinin, balanus roseus agglutinin, aplysia kurodai agglutinin, balanus balanoides agglutinin, tetraclita squamosa japonica agglutinin, misgurnus anguillicaudatus lectin, asterina pectinifera agglutinin, helix aspersa agglutinin and helix pomatia agglutinin, were tested for induction of cytolysis mediated by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. among them, s. peregrina agglutinin and b. roseus agglutinin lysed murine target cells in co-operation with p ...	1983	6628907
differential expression of two abundant messenger rnas during development of sarcophaga peregrina.	expression of two abundant mrnas in the fat body of third instar larvae of sarcophaga peregrina was studied using genomic clones of storage protein and 25k protein as probes. it was found that these two genes were expressed sequentially in the third instar with a 20-hr interval between their expressions. no amplification of genes was detected during larval development, suggesting that the high level of mrna was due to efficient transcription. the contents of the two mrnas in third instar larvae ...	1983	6617997
on neuronal homology: a comparison of similar axons in musca, sarcophaga, and drosophila (diptera: schizophora).	thoracic axons occurring in musca and sarcophaga are similar to those previously reported in the giant fiber pathway of drosophila. serial section reconstruction of both species has shown that the cervical giant fiber descending from the brain into the thoracic ganglion and the thoracic motor axon innervating the tergotrochanteral muscle follow courses matching those of similar axons in drosophila. likewise in both musca and sarcophaga a thoracic axon establishes axoaxonal synapses onto dorsal l ...	1983	6619326
measurement of sarcophaga peregrina lectin under various physiological conditions by radioimmunoassay.	lectin induced in the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) larvae on injury of the body wall or on pupation was studied further by radioimmunoassay, focusing on the interaction between the lectin and hemocytes. it was found that the amount of lectin on the surface of hemocytes prepared from injured larvae increased with time after injury of the body wall. radioiodinated lectin could bind to hemocytes prepared from injured larvae more effectively than those from normal larvae, indicating ...	1983	6822551
change in free amino acids and phospholipids in the head of adult sarcophaga peregrina with age.	the amino acid and phospholipid contents in the head of adult sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) were measured with age. only aspartic acid was found to increase significantly with aging. a significant difference was also detected in the fatty acid composition of the phospholipids. phospholipids isolated from old flies contained more unsaturated fatty acid than young flies, suggesting that the properties of the membrane of head cells change with age. these changes were observed irrespective of sex ...	1983	6873527
sterol-free eukaryotic cells from continuous cell lines of insects.	three cell lines from mamestra brassicae (lepidoptera), one from aedes albopictus (diptera) and one from sarcophaga peregrina (diptera) were continuously cultured in a sterol-free medium and analyzed for sterol content. no sterols were found in any of the cell lines, whereas from cells cultured in a serum-containing medium, cholesterol was detected. this is the first instance of sterol-free animal cells.	1983	6667502
identification of testosterone and progesterone in hemolymph of larvae of the fleshfly sarcophaga bullata.	testosterone- and progesterone-like substances were detected by radioimmunoassay (ria) in chromatographed extracts of hemolymph from larvae of sarcophaga bullata (s.b.). gas chromatographic (gc) analysis after heptafluorobutyric acid (hfba) derivation of hemolymph extracts, purified by paper and silica gel column chromatography, showed a peak in the gc recordings with the same retention time as the hfba derivative of pure testosterone. a testosterone concentration of 92 ng/100 ml hemolymph was f ...	1983	6667840
metabolism of injected [3h]ecdysone in male sarcophaga bullata (diptera).	within 30 min after injection, [3h]ecdysone was rapidly partially metabolized to ecdysterone and other ecdysteroids. after 8 hr most (99%) of the tritiated material had disappeared from the hemolymph. in testes, the predominant ecdysteroid appeared to be ecdysterone but no accumulation occurred. comparison of the dynamics of the ecdysone metabolism in abdomens and head-thorax sections showed that in the head-thorax ecdysterone was the major component, whereas in abdomens the major metabolites we ...	1983	6667841
multi-gene structure of the storage protein genes of sarcophaga peregrina.	three recombinant phages containing chromosomal segments of sarcophaga peregrina encoding storage protein were isolated. these clones were found to contain sequences hybridized with the messenger rna of 75,000 mr protein, a monomer of storage protein. from restriction analysis it was found that message-homologous regions are not identical, and thus are different genes with similar sequences. from the analysis of these clones it was concluded that the storage protein gene belongs to a multi-gene ...	1984	6716476
identification of hemagglutinating protein and bactericidal activity in the hemolymph of adult sarcophaga peregrina on injury of the body wall.	when the body wall of adult sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) was injured with a hypodermic needle, hemagglutinating activity and antibacterial activity were induced in the hemolymph simultaneously. the hemagglutinating activity was shown to be due to the same lectin that was found previously in the hemolymph of injured larvae. thus, larval and adult sarcophaga respond in the same way to injury of the body wall.	1984	6734869
in vitro activity of dipteran ring glands and activation by the prothoracicotropic hormone.	the relationship between hemolymph ecdysteroid titer, ring gland (rg) activity, and prothoracicotropic hormone (ptth) activation of rg in vitro has been examined during the postfeeding larval, prepupal, and pupal stages of sarcophaga bullata. using the ecdysteroid radioimmunoassay (ria), two significant peaks were recorded during the red spiracular stage and during the first few hours after the formation of the white prepupa and a third large peak 9 hr later. it is postulated that these increase ...	1984	6735164
sarcophagine (beta-alanyl-l-tyrosine) synthesis in the fat body of sarcophaga peregrina larvae.	the fat body of sarcophaga peregrina larvae was found to have activity for synthesis of sarcophagine (beta-alanyl-l-tyrosine). this activity was due to a soluble enzyme (sarcophagine synthetase) that requires mg2+ and atp as cofactors. the enzyme activity decreased significantly after puparium formation and no sarcophagine synthesis was detected when fat body from white pupae was incubated in vitro with 3h-beta-alanine. this apparent loss of sarcophagine synthesis was found to be partly due to p ...	1984	6746587
identification of storage protein receptor and its precursor in the fat body membrane of sarcophaga peregrina.	a previous paper (ueno, k., ohsawa, f., and natori, s. (1983) j. biol. chem. 258, 12210-12214) showed that a storage protein receptor is present in membranes of the pupal fat body of sarcophaga peregrina, whereas membranes of the larval fat body contain a cryptic receptor, and that 20-hydroxyecdysone is essential for activation of the cryptic receptor to bind and incorporate the storage protein. the present paper reports that the storage protein receptor is a membrane protein of the pupal fat bo ...	1984	6480601
metamorphic changes in the hindgut of sarcophaga ruficornis with special reference to the development of rectal pads.	in sarcophaga ruficornis, during normal metamorphosis the larval hindgut epithelium degenerates and the imaginal hindgut epithelium is formed from the proliferation and differentiation of the cells of the posterior imaginal ring. the newly formed hindgut becomes slightly dilated posteriorly to form the rectal pouch. at four places in this pouch, the epithelium becomes thick and forms the primordia of the rectal pads. the cells in the primordia begin to divide and project into the lumen of the po ...	1984	6516915
induction of tnf-like factor by murine macrophage-like cell line j774.1 on treatment with sarcophaga lectin.	on stimulation with sarcophaga lectin, the mouse macrophage-like cell line j774.1 secreted a factor like the tumor necrosis factor (tnf) into the culture medium. this factor was a protein with a molecular weight of 40000-45000, and was cytotoxic to l-929 cells, but not to normal embryonic fibroblasts. this factor was effective on both the ascites form and solid form of sarcoma 180 transplanted into icr mice.	1984	6479338
activation of murine macrophage-like cell line j774.1 by sarcophaga peregrina lectin.	the effect of sarcophaga lectin on mouse macrophage-like cell line j774.1 was studied. it was found that this lectin induced significant morphological changes and stimulated glucose consumption of j774.1 cells. a similar effect was observed when bacterial lipopolysaccharide was added to the culture medium. however, although cells treated with lipopolysaccharide were not cytotoxic to allogeneic tumor cells, those treated with sarcophaga lectin were found to acquire cytotoxicity. the physiological ...	1984	6489679
mode of action of a bactericidal protein induced in the haemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) larvae.	the mode of action of a bactericidal protein (sarcotoxin i) purified from the haemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) larvae was studied, focusing attention on its effect on the function of the membrane of escherichia coli. sarcotoxin i almost completely blocked the uptakes of tetraphenylphosphonium ion and proline, which are known to be driven by a membrane potential, indicating that this protein disrupts the membrane potential of bacteria.	1984	6383355
induction of human gamma interferon by sarcophaga peregrina humoral lectin.	humoral lectin isolated from the hemolymph of injured sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) larvae was found to activate human peripheral blood cells to produce interferon activity. this interferon was inactivated by dialysis against a solution of ph 2.0 and by heat treatment at 56 degrees c for 30 min, indicating that it was a gamma interferon. the role of this lectin in the defence mechanism is discussed from the viewpoint of comparative immunology.	1984	6434349
accumulation of cadmium and induction of its binding protein in the digestive tract of fleshfly (sarcophaga peregrina) larvae.	the larva of sarcophaga peregrina ( fleshfly ) was fed with cadmium (cd)-containing diet and the distribution of cd among tissues was determined by separating each organ. approximately 90% of cd accumulated in the larva was found in the digestive tract, the fat body and the malpighian tube being less effective tissues in its accumulation. cd in the digestive tract was mostly bound to an inducible cd-binding protein. the cd-binding protein was a mixture of five isoproteins having several properti ...	1984	6144428
[a case of mixed otomyiasis in ivory coast].	authors relate the first case of otomyiasis in ivory coast due to chrysomyia bezziana and sarcophaga sp. they insist on scarcity of such a localisation. egg-laying and development of larvae in tympanum case was favoured by a preexisting cholesteatoma. precise entomological diagnosis needs incubation of the larvae in petri dishes.	1984	6091936
excretion of cadmium and change in the relative ratio of iso-cadmium-binding proteins during metamorphosis of fleshfly (sarcophaga peregrina).	cadmium (cd) was accumulated in the larvae of sarcophaga peregrina (fleshfly) by exposure through diet, and the metabolic fate of the accumulated cd during metamorphosis was examined. most of the cd accumulated in the larvae was retained in the pupae, and 53% of that was excreted from the adults immediately after emergence. the cd-binding protein induced in the larvae was degraded after pupation and the relative ratio of iso-cd-binding proteins re-induced in the adults was different from that in ...	1984	6149071
hormonal control of eclosion of flies from the puparium.	pharate flies (sarcophaga bullata) very close to eclosion were injected with hemolymph from eclosing flies or various other preparations, kept at 10 degrees c for 24 hr, returned to room temperature, and tested for eclosion behavior (ongoing, attempted, or completed eclosion) during the first 30 min, the subsequent 2(1/2) hr, and after 51 hr. flies injected with "eclosion" hemolymph showed significantly more eclosion activity during the first 30 min than noninjected controls, flies injected with ...	1984	16593432
ionophore activity of sarcotoxin i, a bactericidal protein of sarcophaga peregrina.	when escherichia coli was treated with sarcotoxin i, a potent bactericidal protein of sarcophaga peregrina (fleshfly), k+ inside of the cells leaked out rapidly and the atp pool of the cells rapidly decreased. these results suggested that the bactericidal effect of sarcotoxin i was due to its ionophore activity, and that it blocked the generation of atp by inhibiting formation of the proton gradient essential for oxidative phosphorylation. this was confirmed by use of an unca mutant, which was m ...	1985	3899107
endogenous protease inhibitors prevent undesired activation of prophenolase in insect hemolymph.	phenoloxidase activation in the whole hemolymph of sarcophaga bullata and manduca sexta larvae is shown to be achieved by proteolytic cleavage of the proenzyme. this process is inhibited by the serine protease inactivator, diisopropyl phosphofluoridate. endogenous protease inhibitors isolated from the larvae inhibit alpha-chymotrypsin mediated prophenoloxidase activation in the hemolymph. these observations suggest that the endogenous protease inhibitors prevent undesired activation of prophenol ...	1985	3935107
primary structure of sarcotoxin i, an antibacterial protein induced in the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) larvae.	the primary structure of sarcotoxin i, a potent bactericidal protein induced in the hemolymph of larvae of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly), was investigated. sarcotoxin i was a mixture of three proteins (sarcotoxins ia, ib, and ic) with almost identical primary structures. these proteins were found to consist of 39 amino acid residues and to differ in only 2-3 amino acid residues. the amino-terminal half of the molecules was rich in charged amino acids and was hydrophilic, whereas the carboxyl- ...	1985	3888997
purification and characterization of an inhibitor of the cysteine protease from the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina larvae.	the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh fly) larvae was found to contain multiple inhibitors of hemocyte cysteine protease. one of them, named sarcocystatin a, was purified and found to be a mixture of the components sarcocystatin a alpha and a beta in a molar ratio of 2:1. these components can exist in either the associated or dissociated form. the apparent heterogeneity of the protease inhibitors in the hemolymph was found to be partly due to association of sarcocystatin a alpha and a bet ...	1985	3886650
axonal projections from transplanted ectopic legs in an insect.	ectopic legs were produced in the fleshfly sarcophaga bullata by transplantation of leg imaginal discs. cobalt or horseradish peroxidase (hrp) fills from these supernumerary legs showed that their sensory axons invariably innervate the metathoracic leg neuropil via an abdominal nerve. this was so irrespective of whether they differentiated from pro-, meso-, or metathoracic leg disc. implantation of left leg discs on the right side and vice versa revealed that the site of implantation determined ...	1985	4044939
induction of selective phosphorylation of a fat body protein of sarcophaga peregrina larvae by 20-hydroxyecdysone.	20-hydroxyecdysone was shown to induce selective phosphorylation of a fat body protein of sarcophaga peregrina larvae with a molecular mass of 30 kda. this phosphorylation was not associated with synthesis of new protein. fractionation of 32p-labelled fat body by differential centrifugation showed that this protein was mainly present in the membrane-rich fraction, although we could not specify the membrane. thus, 20-hydroxyecdysone may modify the function of the fat body by inducing phosphorylat ...	1985	4004788
comparison of binding proteins on the surface of murine tumor cells for two lectins active in the lectin-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxic reaction.	the binding proteins for sarcophaga lectin and wheat germ agglutinin on the surface of ehrlich ascites tumor cells were compared. studies with antibody against the binding protein for sarcophaga lectin showed that these two binding proteins are different. since these two lectins are both active in the lectin-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxic reaction with ehrlich ascites tumor cells as target cells, there must be multiple proteins on the surface of target cells that can trigger cytolytic r ...	1985	4028023
identification of target proteins participating in a lectin-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxic reaction.	membrane proteins of mouse macrophages and mammary tumor cells having affinity to sarcophaga lectin were isolated by affinity chromatography. the electrophoretic profiles and antigenicities of lectin-binding proteins from macrophages and tumor cells were different. antibody raised against tumor cell lectin-binding proteins inhibited both the binding of the lectin to tumor cells and the lectin-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxic reaction. however, it did not inhibit the binding of the lectin ...	1985	3965139
participation of sarcophaga peregrina humoral lectin in the lysis of sheep red blood cells injected into the abdominal cavity of larvae.	sarcophaga lectin which is induced in the hemolymph of sarcophaga peregrina (flesh-fly) larvae when their body wall is injured with a hypodermic needle, was shown to participate in the lysis of sheep red blood cells introduced into the abdominal cavity of the larvae. this finding indicates that humoral lectin plays a role in the defence mechanism of invertebrates. the lysis of sheep red blood cells was enhanced greatly by preinjection of red blood cells, but less by preinjection of other cells. ...	1985	3996706