Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| detection of fiji disease virus in infected sugarcane by nucleic acid hybridization. | clones of fiji disease virus were obtained by cdna synthesis from isolated viral genomic double-stranded rna. nick-translated probes made from a mixture of clones specifically detected fiji disease virus in infected sugarcane galls, leaves and growing tips. this method for detection of fiji disease virus is extremely sensitive, and can be used as a rapid screening procedure for the virus with very small tissue samples. | 1986 | 3755138 |
| effects of neutral detergent fiber and roughage source on dry matter intake and milk yield and composition of dairy cows. | data were from 20 experiments that utilized early to midlactation holstein cows fed complete mixed diets or fed at constant forage:concentrate ratios. within-cow diet comparisons (1688 cow-periods) were analyzed by least squares analysis of variance; mathematical model included experiment, cow in experiment, period, body weight, and source of roughage. objectives were to determine relationships between neutral detergent fiber content of diet and milk yield and dry matter intake. roughages and nu ... | 1987 | 3033038 |
| invertase activity of intact cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae growing on sugarcane molasses. ii. unsteady-state continuous-culture tests. | during unsteady-state continuous culture of saccharomyces cerevisiae on sugarcane blackstrap molasses, the invertase activity of the intact yeast cells oscillated. disturbances were produced by changing medium composition, air rate, impeller speed, and dilution rate. the influence of the oxygen supply rate and of the dilution rate on the invertase activity depend on the medium composition. the highest invertase activity was obtained when, after a steady-state attained using unsupplemented cultur ... | 1987 | 18576577 |
| analysis of mitochondrial dna from somatic hybrid cell lines of saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) and pennisetum americanum (pearl millet). | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) from cell suspension cultures of two intergeneric somatic hybrids of pennisetum americanum (pearl millet) + saccharum officinarum (sugarcane) was examined by restriction endonuclease digestion and hybridization with sorghum mtdna cosmids. the mtdna of one somatic hybrid was indistinguishable from that of pearl millet, while the second exhibited a combination of parental mtdnas, suggesting mitochondrial fusion. several novel, possibly recombinant, mtdna restriction fragm ... | 1987 | 24301313 |
| sucrose phosphatase associated with vacuole preparations from red beet, sugar beet, and immature sugarcane stem. | the specific phosphatase, sucrose phosphate phosphohydrolase (sucrose phosphatase, ec 3.1.3.24) was present in vacuole preparations from storage tissue of red beet (beta vulgaris l.), sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. cultivar kawemono), and immature sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrid, cultivar nco 310). in red beet vacuole preparations the specific activity of sucrose phosphatase, using the naturally occurring vacuole marker, betanin, as reference, was higher than the specific activity of cytoplasmic ... | 1987 | 16665598 |
| transient expression of electroporated dna in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species. | transient expression of electroporated dna was monitored in protoplasts of several monocot and dicot species by assaying for expression of chimeric chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene constructions. expression was obtained in the dicot species of daucus carota, glycine max and petunia hybrida and the monocot species of triticum monococcum, pennisetum purpureum, panicum maximum, saccharum officinarum, and a double cross, trispecific hybrid between pennisetum purpureum, p. americanum, and ... | 1987 | 24248756 |
| the oxidation of extracellular nadh by sugarcane cells: coupling to ferricyanide reduction, oxygen uptake and ph change. | suspension-cultured cells of sugarcane (saccharum sp. hybrids) did not oxidize exogenously supplied nadh in the absence of ferricyanide (potassium hexacyanoferrate [iii]), whereas they did at a low rate in the presence of ferricyanide. concomitantly, ferricyanide was reduced at a slow rate. neither a ph change nor a change in respiration was caused by the addition of nadh and-or ferricyanide, but ferricyanide was a strong inhibitor of sugar transport. in contrast to cells, protoplasts rapidly ox ... | 1987 | 24232839 |
| uridine 5'-diphospho-d-glucose-dependent vectorial sucrose synthesis in tonoplast vesicles of the storage hypocotyl of red beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva). | tonoplast vesicles were prepared from red-beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva) hypocotyl tubers ("beetroot") known to store sucrose. uptake experiments, employing uridine 5'-diphospho-[(14)c]glucose (udp-[(14)c]glucose) showed the operation of an udp-glucose-dependent group translocator for vectorial synthesis and accumulation of sucrose, recently described for sugarcane and red-beet vacuoles and for tonoplast vesicles prepared from sugarcane suspension cells. characterization of the kinetic p ... | 1988 | 24226185 |
| evaluation of selectable markers for obtaining stable transformants in the gramineae. | cell suspension cultures of triticum monococcum, panicum maximum, saccharum officinarum, pennisetum americanum, and a double cross trispecific hybrid between pennisetum americanum, p. purpureum, and p. squamulatum were tested for resistance to kanamycin, hygromycin, and methotrexate for use in transformation studies. all cultures showed high natural levels of resistance to kanamycin, in excess of 800 milligrams per liter, and variable levels of resistance to hygromycin. methotrexate was a potent ... | 1988 | 16665953 |
| coat protein of potyviruses. 5. symptomatology, serology, and coat protein sequences of three strains of passionfruit woodiness virus. | three strains of passionfruit woodiness virus, tip blight (pwv-tb), severe (pwv-s) and mild (pwv-m), were compared on the basis of their biological, serological and coat protein structural properties. each of the strains could be distinguished on the basis of their reactions on selected test plant species but no differences were observed in the serological properties of the three pwv strains. molecular weight estimates on sds-page suggest the pwv coat protein contains 275 amino acid residues and ... | 1988 | 3202695 |
| plant-parasitic nematode problems in the pacific islands. | the pacific islands have a diverse range of food and cash crops with indigenous and introduced nematode problems. the staple food crops have serious nematode pests, such as meloidogyne spp. on sweet potato, hirschmanniella miticausa causing corm rot of taro, and pratylenchus coffeae and radopholus sp. producing tuber dry rot of yams. bananas are infested with p. coffeae or r. similis, citrus with tylenchulus semipenetrans, rice with aphelenchoides besseyi, and ginger with meloidogyne spp. and r. ... | 1988 | 19290200 |
| nematode problems affecting agriculture in the philippines. | nematodes are considered major pests on most economic crops in the philippines, particularly on banana, pineapple, citrus, tomato, ramie, and sugarcane. radopholus similis is the most destructive nematode on banana, while meloidogyne spp. are more serious on various vegetable crops such as tomato, okra, and celery and on fiber crops such as ramie. tylenchulus semipenetrans is a problem on citrus and rotylenchulus reniformis on pineapple and some legume crops. hirschmanniella oryzae and aphelench ... | 1988 | 19290204 |
| nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal region of potato virus yn rna. | the sequence of the 3'-terminal 1611 nucleotides of the genome of the tobacco veinal necrosis strain of potato virus y (pvyn) was determined. the sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1285 nucleotides, of which the start was not identified, and an untranslated region of 316 nucleotides upstream of a poly(a) tract. comparison of the open reading frame with the amino-terminal sequence of the viral coat protein enabled mapping of the start of the coat protein at amino acid -267, and indicated ... | 1989 | 2732687 |
| macro-scale water scarcity requires micro-scale approaches. aspects of vulnerability in semi-arid development. | 4 types of water scarcity exist. aridity and intermittent droughts consist of the natural types while land desiccation and water stress are man-made types. climatic aridity, intermittent droughts, land degradation, and population growth link to create growing critical water scarcity conditions. specifically, in arid lands where only a limited growing season exists anyhow, increased and nonsustaining activities spurred on by population growth degrade soils resulting in interference with water ... | 1989 | 12317608 |
| cold-induced sudden reversible lowering of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence after saturating light pulses : a sensitive marker for chilling susceptibility. | in chilling-sensitive plants (glycine max, saintpaulia ionantha, saccharum officinarum) a sudden reversible drop in chlorophyll fluorescence occurs during photosynthetic induction immediately following saturating light pulses at low temperatures in the range 4 to 8 degrees c. a comparison of two soybean cultivars of different chilling sensitivities revealed that this phenomenon, termed lowwave, indicates specific thresholds of low temperature stress. its occurrence under controlled chilling can ... | 1989 | 16666615 |
| characterization of the heat shock response in cultured sugarcane cells : i. physiology of the heat shock response and heat shock protein synthesis. | effect of heat shock on the growth of cultured sugarcane cells (saccharum officinarum l.) was measured. heat shock (hs) treatment at 36 to 38 degrees c (2 hours) induced the development of maximum thermotolerance to otherwise nonpermissive heat stress at 54 degrees c (7 minutes). optimum thermotolerance was observed 8 hours after heat shock. development of thermotolerance was initiated by treatments as short as 30 minutes at 36 degrees c. temperatures below 36 degrees c or above 40 degrees c fai ... | 1989 | 16666866 |
| protein polymorphism in sugarcane revealed by two-dimensional gel analysis. | in order to identify molecular markers for the analysis of the sugarcane genome, proteins extracted from apical segments of shoot tissues were resolved by a combination of equilibrium (ief) and nonequilibrium (nephge) two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a number of taxa of the "saccharum complex" group (saccharum species and the related genera of andropogoneae) with presumed contributions to the sugarcane genome were surveyed. protein profiles were compared to a reference map con ... | 1990 | 24226346 |
| plant regeneration from a cryopreserved embryogenic cell suspension of a commercial sugarcane hybrid (saccharum sp.). | efficient plant regeneration was obtained from a cryopreserved embryogenic cell suspension of sugarcane established from leaf derived callus. pregrowing the cells for three days in ms basal medium supplemented with 0.33 m sorbitol was essential to the process. the cells were cooled at a rate of 0.5°c/min to -40°c and then stored in liquid nitrogen. thawing was carried out rapidly in water at +40°c, and the cells were then plated without washing onto filter paper discs placed on a semi-solid rege ... | 1990 | 24227168 |
| purification and partial characterization of a fructanase which hydrolyzes natural polysaccharides from sugarcane juice. | a new sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) fructanase which hydrolyzes both high molecular weight polysaccharides mid r:fructose(4):galactitol(5)mid r:(n) (sp) and moderate-sized carbohydrates mid r:fructose(2):galactitol(3)3mid r:(n) (mmwc) has been purified from sugarcane juice. the k(m) value has been estimated to be 33.7 micrograms per milliliter and 20 micrograms per milliliter for sp and mmwc, respectively. the optimal ph and temperature values are 6.0 and 30 degrees c, respectively. purif ... | 1990 | 16667334 |
| thermophilic streptomyces found in sugarcane environments in jujuy, argentina. | the thermophilic streptomyces strains isolated from: a) airborne dust of bagasse storing area, b) dry sugarcane residues and c) stored sugar manufacture wastes are described. the strains grown at maximal rates at 50 degrees c have a gray shade after 48 h. all the mature spores retain the malachite green stain. they were identified with williams' clusters: s. chromofuscus, s. cyaneus, s. microflavus, s. antibioticus, s. halstedii and s. violaceusniger. the last three clusters coincide with the sp ... | 1990 | 2102012 |
| detection and typing of maize streak virus and other distantly related geminiviruses of grasses by polymerase chain reaction amplification of a conserved viral sequence. | the application of the polymerase chain reaction dna amplification technique to the detection and typing of isolates of maize streak virus (msv) and other related geminiviruses of grasses is described. the oligonucleotide primers used for amplification were 17-mers which contained a number of degeneracies. an approximately 250 base pair fragment was amplified from all geminivirus-infected grass and cereal samples tested. the amplification reaction was specific, working down to a concentration of ... | 1990 | 2254750 |
| serotyping and strain identification of maize streak virus isolates. | four strains of maize streak virus, namely the panicum maximum, digitaria setigera and sugarcane strains, have been identified from 19 isolates by elisa using polyclonal antisera cross-absorbed with particles of the maize strain. the results suggest there is an epitope of the maize strain which is not dependent on the capsid being intact and which is common to all the members of the group; other strain-specific epitopes are probably conformation-dependent. a specific epitope (probably internal) ... | 1990 | 1697327 |
| purification by immunoadsorption and immunochemical properties of nadp-dependent malic enzymes from leaves of c(3), c(4), and crassulacean acid metabolism plants. | nadp:malic enzyme from corn (zea mays l.) leaves was purified by conventional techniques to apparent homogeneity as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. antibodies raised against this protein in rabbits were purified, coupled covalently to protein a-sepharose cl-4b, and used as an immunoaffinity resin to purify the nadp:malic enzymes of the c(3) plants spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) and wheat (triticum aestivum l.), of the crassulacean acid metabolism (cam) plant ... | 1990 | 16667339 |
| single-strain versus multistrain inoculation: effect of soil mineral n availability on rhizobial strain effectiveness and competition for nodulation on chick-pea, soybean, and dry bean. | the nitrogen-fixing effectiveness of multistrain inoculants was found to be determined by both the effectiveness of the component strains and the percentage of the nodules occupied by them. multistrain formulations were always either as good as the most effective single-strain inoculant or intermediate between the most and the least effective. the percentage of nodules occupied and the amount of nitrogen fixed by the component strains of a multistrain inoculant showed highly significant linear c ... | 1990 | 16348337 |
| degradation of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane by a soil bacterium under aerobic conditions. | a pseudomonas sp., isolated from sugarcane rhizosphere soil, readily metabolized not only alpha and gamma isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane, but also the thermodynamically more stable beta isomer, under aerobic conditions. bacterial degradation of the three isomers led to the accumulation of a transitory metabolite and eventual release of covalently linked chlorine as chloride in stoichiometric amounts. | 1990 | 16348365 |
| nematode interactions with weeds and sugarcane mosaic virus in louisiana sugarcane. | weeds did not appear to serve as reservoirs for phytophagous louisiana sugarcane nematode populations except for criconemella spp., meloidogyne spp., tylenchorhynchus annulatus, and total phytophagous nematode densities were lower on weed-stressed cane and were accompanied by reduced accumulations of free cysteine, proline, and 13 other free amino acids in sugarcane. a significant weed-virus interaction for sugarcane free cysteine accumulation was detected; t. annulatus populations were highly c ... | 1990 | 19287686 |
| stability and extractability of double-stranded rna of pangola stunt and sugarcane fiji disease viruses in dried plant tissues. | when leaves infected with pangola stunt virus (pasv) were dried at 23, 37, 50, 70 or 105 degrees c, the dsrna was stable and could be extracted after aerobic storage at room temperature for 1 month, although at 105 degrees c the amount obtained was reduced. the dsrna was also recovered after leaves were freeze dried and stored in vacuo at room temperature for 6 months, or were dried and stored aerobically at room temperature for 10.5 months. dsrna of sugarcane fiji disease virus (fdv) was also s ... | 1991 | 1939508 |
| unexpected sequence diversity in the amino-terminal ends of the coat proteins of strains of sugarcane mosaic virus. | the sequence of the 3'-terminal 1343 nucleotides of the sc strain of the sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv-sc) genome was compared with the 1376 nucleotides at the 3' terminus of maize dwarf mosaic virus b (mdmv-b). the scmv-sc sequence includes an open reading frame which codes for the viral coat protein of 313 amino acids (nucleotides 157 to 1116), followed by a 3' non-coding region of 235 nucleotides and a poly(a) tail. the mdmv-b sequence codes for the capsid protein (nucleotides 157 to 1139) of ... | 1991 | 1993866 |
| characterization of the sugarcane streak agent as a distinct geminivirus. | the relationship between maize streak virus and the geminivirus causing streak in sugarcane was investigated. the dna of sugarcane streak virus does not cross-hybridize detectably with that of maize streak virus and vice versa. restriction mapping of native replicative form viral dna (genome size 2.7 kb) and of cloned viral dna, combined with limited sequencing and estimated dna sequence divergence, showed that sugarcane streak virus is as unrelated to maize streak virus and digitaria streak vir ... | 1991 | 2016148 |
| effects of isoacids, urea, and sulfur on ruminal fermentation in sheep fed high fiber diets. | the effects of isoacids, urea n, and s on ruminal fermentation of sugarcane bagasse- or corn stover-based diets were studied in sheep. acetate production was taken as a measure of the fermentation rate. for the sugarcane bagasse diet, neither urea nor s supplementation changed ruminal acetate production. when n and s were combined, acetate production was 44% higher (3.16 vs. 2.18 mol/d). similar effects were noted for the corn stover diet. increasing the level of isoacids from .1 to .2 g/kg bw p ... | 1991 | 1655846 |
| effects of a microbial inoculant and(or) sugarcane molasses on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and digestibility of bermudagrass ensiled at two moisture contents. | tifton 81 bermudagrass was harvested and ensiled either directly (d; 32.4% dm) or wilted (w; 44.1% dm). four treatments applied to each harvesting method were 1) control (c), or no additive; 2) dried cane molasses (m) at 5% of dm; 3) microbial inoculant (i; pioneer 1174); and 4) a combination of treatments 2 and 3 (mi). wilting reduced the rate of decline of silage ph (p = .001) and produced silages with greater lactic acid concentrations (p = .069), lower acetic acid (p = .001) and ammonia cont ... | 1991 | 1661282 |
| production of fructooligosaccharides from sucrose by a transfructosylase from aspergillus niger. | a strain of aspergillus niger isolated from sugarcane fields, produced an extracellular transfructosylase in the culture medium. sucrose and raffinose induced the production to the enzyme, which was purified by 138-fold. the optimum ph for activity and stability were 5.5 and 6.5, respectively. its optimum temperature was 55°c. the enzyme hydrolysed sucrose rapidly and simultaneously formed fructooligosaccharides by transfructosylation. | 1991 | 24425020 |
| sucrose storage in cell suspension cultures of saccharum sp. (sugarcane) is regulated by a cycle of synthesis and degradation. | we have investigated the regulation of sucrose storage in cell-suspension cultures of sugarcane. when grown in batch culture, sucrose accumulation commences after about 5 d, when the nitrogen supply is exhausted. sucrose storage is also induced by decreasing the nitrogen supply to cells growing in a chemostat. the measured activity of sucrose-phosphate synthase is high enough to account for the rate of sucrose accumulation, provided precautions are taken to avoid the hydrolysis of udp during the ... | 1991 | 24193530 |
| sucrose uptake into vacuoles of sugarcane suspension cells. | uptake of sucrose into vacuoles of suspension cells of saccharum sp. (sugarcane) was investigated using a vacuole-isolation method based on osmotic- and ph-dependent lysis of protoplasts. vacuoles took up sucrose at high rates without the influence of tonoplast energization on sucrose transport. neither addition of atp or pyrophosphate nor dissipation of the membrane potential or the ph gradient by ionophores changed uptake rates appreciably. generation of an atp-dependent ph gradient across the ... | 1991 | 24186582 |
| bacterial flora in the rhizosphere of sugarcane plant, saccharum officinarum. | streptomycin-resistant bacteria were recovered from the root-free soils under sugarcane plants. nitrosomonas species and azotobacter chrococcum were also present in greater numbers in rhizosphere soils as compared to root-free soils up to 30 cm deep. | 1991 | 24425034 |
| genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to cavitation in water-stressed and well-irrigated sugarcane. | genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to water-stress-induced cavitation was determined in four sugarcane (saccharum sp.) clones using detached leaf segments in a hydraulic conductivity apparatus. vulnerability curves were constructed by plotting the percentage of maximum conductivity versus leaf water potential (psi(i)) and fitting curves using a weibull function. the psi(i) at which each clone lost 10, 50, and 80% of maximum conductivity was determined. maximum conductivity per ... | 1992 | 16653010 |
| suitability of some local agro-industrial wastes as carrier materials forrhizobium sp. infectingsesbania bispinosa. | two indigenous rhizobial strains (sb-1 and jjs-1) infectingsesbania bispinosa survived at room temperature (32±2°c) up to 90 days in filtermud (the best system), peat, charcoal, sugarcane bagasse and sawdust (the poorest system). viable counts remained more than 10(8)/g up to 75 days in filtermud, peat and charcoal. | 1992 | 24425491 |
| solute distribution between vacuole and cytosol of sugarcane suspension cells: sucrose is not accumulated in the vacuole. | the compartmentation of solutes in suspension cells of saccharum sp. during different growth phases in batch culture was determined using cucl2 to permeabilize the plasma membrane of the cells. the efflux of cytosolic and vacuolar pools of sugars, cations and phosphate was monitored, and the efflux data for phosphate were compared and corrected using data from compartmentation analysis of phosphate as determined by (31)p-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. the results show that sucrose is n ... | 1992 | 24186659 |
| effect of alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment on cell wall composition and digestion kinetics of sugarcane residues and wheat straw. | our objective was to characterize changes in cell wall composition and digestibility of sugarcane bagasse, pith from bagasse, and wheat straw after treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (ahp). the ahp treatment solution contained 1% h2o2 (wt/vol) maintained at ph 11.5 with naoh. the h2o2 in solution amounted to 25% of the quantity of substrate treated. after treatment, residues were washed and dried. detergent fiber composition, total fiber components (neutral sugars, uronic acids, klason li ... | 1992 | 1328129 |
| fungal protein enrichment of residual liquor from a sugar-cane waste saccharum officinarum. | the use of residual liquor obtained from cane-thrash, a sugar-cane waste saccharum officinarum, l. , as a protein source was studied. the cane-thrash was available in local sugar-mills and the fungus utilized, the aspergillus niger iz-9, was provided by the university of são paulo and derived from a strain under the number nrrl-337. the liquor was previously hydrolyzed and physicochemical analyses were performed. total nitrogen and amino acid contents were measured in the final product. the synt ... | 1992 | 1342170 |
| pcr amplification of a specific double-stranded rna region of fiji disease virus from diseased sugarcane. | a 450-bp region from one species of the segmented dsrna genome of fiji disease virus (fdv) was amplified from total nucleic acid extracts of diseased plants by reverse transcription with mmlv, followed by amplification with taq dna polymerase (rt-pcr). other fdv-specific regions (c 150 bp and c 270 bp) were also amplified from the dsrna template. fdv cdna was only synthesised when the viral dsrna template was boiled and quenched with fdv-specific or random hexamer primers. the reverse transcript ... | 1992 | 1385465 |
| differentiation of the four viruses of the sugarcane mosaic virus subgroup based on cytopathology. | a cytological comparison has been made of representative isolates of johnsongrass mosaic (jgmv), maize dwarf mosaic (mdmv), sorghum mosaic (srmv) and sugarcane mosaic (scmv) viruses. these four viruses now encompass the complex of virus strains which were formerly considered as strains of sugarcane mosaic and/or maize dwarf mosaic viruses. the structure of the cytoplasmic cylindrical inclusions induced by these viruses, together with other cytological alterations, allow the four viruses to be di ... | 1992 | 1450762 |
| present status of the sugarcane mosaic subgroup of potyviruses. | until recently, sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) was believed to be a single potyvirus consisting of a large number of strains, differing from each other in certain biological and antigenic properties. the use of affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies directed towards the surface-located, virus-specific amino termini of the coat proteins showed that 17 strains from australia and the united states represented four distinct potyviruses, namely johnsongrass mosaic virus (jgmv), maize dwarf mosaic vir ... | 1992 | 1450763 |
| fauna, flora, fowl, and fruit: effects of the columbian exchange on the allergic response of new and old world inhabitants. | the columbian exchange has been described as "the most important event in human history since the end of the ice age." this interchange of many species of fauna, flora, fowl, and fruits resulted in new encounters between new and old world inhabitants. prominent among these were manifestations of allergic reactions to many of the new substances. little imagination is required to reflect on what these substances, added to or detracted from both the new and old world lifestyles, habits, and diets. ... | 1992 | 1490627 |
| differentiation of potyviruses and their strains by hybridization with the 3' non-coding region of the viral genome. | nucleic acid hybridization with the 3' non-coding region of the potyvirus genome as the probe was shown to be a relatively simple means of distinguishing between distinct potyviruses and their strains. comparisons of the nucleotide sequences of potyvirus genomes (ignoring gaps) showed that the degree of identity between equivalent genes of strains was greater than 96%, while between distinct potyviruses the identity ranged from 42% to 65%, suggesting that any extended sequence could be considere ... | 1992 | 1551936 |
| genome typing of southern african subgroup 1 geminiviruses. | the relatedness of subgroup 1 geminiviruses from a variety of naturally infected southern african graminaceous hosts was compared by dna cross-hybridization, restriction endonuclease mapping and partial sequencing. cross-hybridization divided the viruses into three groups: those closely related to maize streak virus (msvs), and separate groups comprising a panicum sp. virus (pansv) and two sugarcane viruses (ssvs). restriction mapping and comparisons, and phylogeny reconstructions from map data, ... | 1992 | 1588313 |
| nucleotide sequence of the 3'-terminal region of potato virus a rna. | the sequence of the 3'-terminal region of the genome of the potato virus a (pva) was obtained from two independent cdna clones. this sequence is 1383 nucleotides long and contains an open reading frame of 1178 nucleotides, ending with the translation termination codon taa and followed by untranslated region of 205 nucleotides. since the n-terminal amino acid of the coat protein of pva was blocked, the position of the putative coat protein cleavage site has been deduced by searching for consensus ... | 1992 | 1604933 |
| transient expression of the coat protein of sugarcane mosaic virus in sugarcane protoplasts and expression in escherichia coli. | the coat protein (cp) of strain sc of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv-sc) was expressed transiently in sugarcane protoplasts after electroporation with one of two plasmids encoding the cp gene. the cp gene was fused with either the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter or the synthetic monocotyledon promoter "emu". the coat protein gene was also inducibly expressed in escherichia coli when fused to the trc promoter. the protein expressed in both systems had the same electrophoretic mobility and ant ... | 1992 | 1642548 |
| pakistan. | pakistan's background notes which profile the population, geography, government, and the economy contain a capsule of selected country statistics and a descriptive text. pakistan has 117 million people distributed at 134/sq km with a growth rate of 3%. the major cities are islamabad, rawalpindi, karachi, lahore, and faisalabad. ethnic groups include the punjabi, sindhi, pathan, baluch, and huhajirs. 97% are muslim. urdu is the official language, but 65% speak punjabi, 11% sindhi, and 24% ot ... | 1992 | 12178039 |
| survey of nematodes on coffee in hawaii. | surveys of coffee fields in hawaii during 1989-1991 indicated the presence of 10 nematode species in 8 genera. after coffee was planted in fields previously in sugarcane, populations of criconemella sp. and pratylenchus zeae gradually decreased, while rotylenchulus reniformis and, in one field, meloidogyne incognita, increased in numbers. coffee is a poor host of r. reniformis, but weeds in coffee plantations may support this nematode. at present, nematodes pose no serious threat to hawaii's exp ... | 1992 | 19283060 |
| fermentation of cellulosic materials to mycoprotein foods. | a new bioprocess is described in which a cellulolytic, food-grade fungus neurospora sitophila converts cellulosic materials to protein-rich products for food and fodder. the optimal conditions for the conversion are identified: 35-37 degrees c temperature, ph 5.5, 2.35 ms(-1) agitator tip speed. scale-up of the production process to 1,300 l is reported. the mycoprotein production data on several types of cellulosic materials (sugarcane bagasse, corn stover, wood cellulose) are presented. the per ... | 1993 | 14545669 |
| growth of candida utilis in solid state fermentation. | in this work, the growth of the yeast candida utilis on different solid substrate (wheat bran) and supports (sugarcane bagasse and amberlite resin) imbibed with a liquid culture medium was studied. growth was followed by sugars consumption, carbon dioxide production rate (cdpr) and cell count. the results showed the ability of the yeast to grow on the three solid media with fairly good viability and total dextrose consumption in the case of sugarcane bagasse and amberlite, and partial consumptio ... | 1993 | 14545676 |
| the physical fitness and work performance of agricultural workers infected with schistosoma mansoni in zimbabwe. | stool specimens were collected from 1995 sugarcane cutters on the hippo valley and triangle sugar estates, zimbabwe, in order to determine the prevalence and intensity of schistosoma mansoni infection. pathological changes normally ascribed to s. mansoni infection were assessed in the infected cutters, by ultrasonography before treatment. the height, weight, age, haemoglobin levels, blood pressure and body fat of the infected and uninfected control study subjects, standardized by age, were deter ... | 1993 | 8122916 |
| the ecological background of food production. | in the industrialized countries dramatic decreases in the number of people employed in agriculture have been made possible by a rise in soil and labour productivity. there is scope for these to improve further, particularly in developing countries. potential yields are determined by the characteristics of the crop, local temperature and sunlight. because the availability of nutrients and that of water are limiting for at least part of the growing season in most agricultural lands, attainable yie ... | 1993 | 8149822 |
| plant diseases in india and their control. | the concept of development is reviewed in terms of sustainability. food production in india driven by pressure from an increasing human population uses 90,000 t per year of technical-grade pesticide: 12% of this is fungicide and a good part is insecticide for the control of vectors of plant viruses. a change in the cropping pattern and irrigation have provided a summer 'green bridge' along tamil nadu/andhra pradesh border areas for the tungro virus that affects rice and its vector. epidemics occ ... | 1993 | 8149823 |
| special problems experienced with pesticide use in developing countries. | the developing countries comprise more than 75% of the total world population covering most of africa, asia, latin america, and south europe. their warm climate favors cultivation of many strategic crops including cotton, rubber, rice, corn, spices, tea, coffee, cocoa beans, sugarcane, tobacco, legumes, tropical and subtropical fruits, and vegetables. they are bound to the industrialized countries for exporting their cash crops and importing all production equipment and materials including pesti ... | 1993 | 8337421 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of sugarcane streak monogeminivirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of the monogeminivirus sugarcane streak virus (ssv) was determined from cloned replicative form dna. the genome is contained in one dna circle of 2,758 nucleotides, and has four open reading frames with the potential to encode proteins of mw > 10 kda: two in the viral (+) sense and two in the complementary (-) sense. each open reading frame has a counterpart among the open reading frames reported for other monogeminiviruses. a potential binding site ... | 1993 | 8352656 |
| sequence diversity in the surface-exposed amino-terminal region of the coat proteins of seven strains of sugarcane mosaic virus correlates with their host range. | the n-terminal region of the coat proteins of five strains (isis, brisbane, sabi, bundaberg, and bc) of sugarcane mosaic virus (scmv) isolated from four different plant species (sugarcane, sabi grass, wild sorghum, and blue couch grass) have been compared with the previously published data for scmv-sc and scmv-mdb, isolated from sugarcane and maize, respectively. the region, beginning at residue 11 and ending 16 residues beyond the second trypsin cleavage site of the coat protein, varied in size ... | 1993 | 8379856 |
| an analysis of the complete sequence of a sugarcane bacilliform virus genome infectious to banana and rice. | the genome of sugarcane bacilliform virus (scbv), a badnavirus, consists of a circular dsdna. the complete sequence of a cloned infective scbv genome is reported here. the genome is 7568 bp in size and possesses a number of features suggesting that scbv is a pararetrovirus. a trna(met)-binding site that may serve as a primer for minus-strand synthesis is present. the plus-strand of the scbv genome contains three open reading frames (orfs) which are capable of encoding proteins with calculated m( ... | 1993 | 8423447 |
| monitoring fusion protein cleavage by capillary electrophoresis. | capillary electrophoresis was successfully utilized to monitor the proteolytic cleavage of two fusion proteins; maltose binding protein-sugarcane mosaic potyvirus coat protein and maltose binding protein-paramyosin. the course of proteolysis by factor xa was monitored with high sensitivity and virtually in real time. capillary electrophoresis conditions were optimized to clearly resolve the fusion proteins, factor xa, lysis products and buffer components. rapid elucidation of time to complete di ... | 1993 | 8424876 |
| mycoplasmalike organisms (mlos) and distinguish them from other mlos. | dna of 10 lines of rice yellow dwarf (ryd) mycoplasmalike organisms (mlos) from japan, the phillippines, and thailand hybridized with four probes containing chromosomal and six probes containing extrachromosomal dna of a tochigi (japan) line of ryd mlo. one chromosomal probe (ryd9) and all six extrachromosomal probes hybridized with various other mlos (sugarcane white leaf, onion yellows, cineraria witches'-broom, japanese hornwort witches'-broom, water dropwort wiches'-broom, gentian witches'-b ... | 1993 | 8489230 |
| evaluation of the cariogenicity of sugar containing drinks by estimating changes in ph of human dental plaque and saliva. | cariogenicity of five commonly consumed carbonated beverage and sugar containing drinks (frooti, sugarcane juice, limca, thumps up and big sipp) was evaluated by estimating changes in ph of human dental plaque and saliva in 2 groups of subjects (20 each) differing in caries experience (group a dmft zero; group b dmft 3-5). in group a subjects, ph of plaque did not fall to levels near critical ph (5.5) with any of the test drinks or control. however, in group b children the salivary ph did fall b ... | 1993 | 8040700 |
| sugarcane-pressmud as a novel substrate for production of citric acid by solid-state fermentation. | sugarcane-pressmud, a by-product of cane-sugar manufacture, was used as a substrate for production of citric acid by aspergillus niger cftri 30, in a solid-state fermentation system. of the 170 g of sugar supplied, 131 g were consumed, with a 79% yield of citric acid over 120 h. potassium ferrocyanide improved the conversion to about 88% and lowered the fermentation time by 24 h. enrichment with sugar and nh4no3 was essential to improve productivity. about 174 g citric acid/kg dry sugarcane-pres ... | 1993 | 24420047 |
| cryopreservation of apices of in vitro plantlets of sugarcane (saccharum sp. hybrids) using encapsulation/dehydration. | a cryopreservation process using encapsulation/dehydration was set up for apices sampled on in vitro plantlets of sugarcane. after dissection, apices were cultured for one day on standard medium and then encapsulated in medium with 3% alginate. optimal conditions comprised preculture for 2 days in liquid medium with 250 g.l(-1) sucrose, desiccation for 6 hours under the laminar flow or for 10-11 hours with silicagel followed by rapid freezing and slow thawing. survival after freezing in liquid n ... | 1993 | 24196115 |
| immunological evidence for the existence of a carrier protein for sucrose transport in tonoplast vesicles from red beet (beta vulgaris l.) root storage tissue. | monoclonal antibodies were raised in mice against a highly purified tonoplast fraction from isolated red beet (beta vulgaris l. ssp. conditiva) root vacuoles. positive hybridoma clones and sub-clones were identified by prescreening using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by postscreening using a functional assay. this functional assay consisted of testing the impact of hybridoma supernatants and antibody-containing ascites fluids on basal and atp-stimulated sugar uptake in vacuole ... | 1993 | 12231863 |
| sugarcane workers: morbidity and mortality. | sugarcane is, after pineapple, the largest agricultural industry in hawaii. there have been reports that this industry poses certain health hazards. to investigate this possible hazard in hawaii, the relationship of employment on a sugarcane plantation to total mortality, the development of definite coronary heart disease (chd), stroke, cancer, lung cancer and certain risk factors were examined in men of japanese ancestry participating in the honolulu heart program. after 18 years of follow-up, ... | 1993 | 8300403 |
| biosynthesis of invertase by saccharomyces cerevisiae with sugarcane molasses as substrate. | biosynthesis of invertase by saccharomyces cerevisiae 01k32 was inversely proportional to the concentration of sugarcane blackstrap molasses included in the medium. in a fermenter, an intracellular invertase activity of 440 u/g dry cells was obtained. | 1993 | 24420295 |
| production of α-galactosidase by monascus grown on soybean and sugarcane wastes. | extracts of both sugarcane and soybean wastes supported the growth of monascus but sugarcane waste was superior for the production of α-galactosidase. an aqueous extract prepared from 5% (w/v) soybean waste and 7% (w/v) sugarcane waste gave the best result and was superior to the standard peptone/glucose/yeast extract medium. liquid-solid mixtures were slightly less effective. enzyme production could be enhanced by adding raffinose. enzymatic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl-α-d-galactoside was optim ... | 1993 | 24420194 |
| effects of tissue type and promoter strength on transient gus expression in sugarcane following particle bombardment. | effects of tissue type and promoter strength on transient gus expression in the sugarcane (saccharum spp. hybrids) cultivar nco 310 were evaluated following microprojectile bombardment of leaf explants. gus expression was histochemically or fluorometrically measured 48 h after delivery of the uida gene. high levels of gus expression were obtained in leaf segments isolated from young, expanding sugarcane leaves cultured for 1, 3, or 6 d prior to bombardment. the promoter derived from the maize ub ... | 1993 | 24201961 |
| constituents of wing gland and abdominal hair pencil secretions of male african sugarcane borer,eldana saccharina walker (lepidoptera: pyralidae). | in addition totrans-3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-4-olide (eldanolide), vanillin, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, identified by french workers in the wing gland and abdominal hair pencil secretions of the male african sugarcane borer,eldana saccharina, we have, in an earlier note, reported the presence of several other terpenoid, aromatic, and unbranched-chain compounds such as, (z)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoic acid, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanol, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol, 1-octadecane thiol, 16-h ... | 1993 | 24248574 |
| enhanced gus gene expression in cereal/grass cell suspensions and immature embryos using the maize uhiquitin-based plasmid pahc25. | transient gus (β-glucuronidase) expression was visualized in cell suspensions of triticum aestivum, zea mays, pennisetum glaucum, saccharum officinarum, pennisetum purpureum and panicum maximum after microprojectile bombardment with pbargus and pahc25 plasmid dnas. pbargus contains the gus (uida) gene coding region driven by the adh1 promoter and the adh1 intron 1, as well as the bar gene coding region driven by the camv 35s promoter and the adh1 intron 1. pahc25 contains the gus and bar gene co ... | 1993 | 24196107 |
| chromosome assortment in saccharum. | recent work has revealed random chromosome pairing and assortment in saccharum spontaneum l., the most widely distributed, and morphologically and cytologically variable of the species of saccharum. this conclusion was based on the analysis of a segregating population from across between s. spontaneum 'ses 208' and a spontaneously-doubled haploid of itself, derived from anther culture. to determine whether polysomic inheritance is common in saccharum and whether it is observed in a typical bipar ... | 1994 | 24178110 |
| protein variation accompanies leaf dedifferentiation in sugarcane (sacchamm officinarum) and is influenced by genotype. | tissue culture lines (morphogenic and nonmorphogenic) were established in five genotypes of saccharum officinarum l. changes in protein expression after dedifferentiation of leaf tissue into callus were investigated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of cellular proteins. the findings demonstrated that protein expression was regulated both quantitatively and qualitatively in all five genotypes of sugarcane. sixty-three dedifferention-proteins were identified, of which thirty-three were commo ... | 1994 | 24193522 |
| phylogenetic analysis of organellar dna sequences in the andropogoneae: saccharinae. | to study the phylogenetics of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) and its relatives we sequenced four loci on cytoplasmic genomes (two chloroplast and two mitochondrial) and analyzed mitochondrial rflps generated using probes for coxi, coxii, coxiii, cob, 18s+5s, 26s, atpase 6, atpase 9, and atpase α (d'hont et al. 1993). approximately 650 bp of dna in the intergenic spacer region between rbcl and atpb and approximately 150 bp from the chloroplast 16s rdna through the intergenic spacer region t ... | 1994 | 24186245 |
| a molecular approach to unraveling the genetics of sugarcane, a complex polyploid of the andropogoneae tribe. | modern sugarcane varieties are complex aneuploids and typically have chromosome numbers in the 100-125 range with about 5-10% of them contributed by wild relatives, mainly saccharum spontaneum, and the rest by s. officinarum. this particular genomic constitution was found favorable for mapping the s. spontaneum genome, using maize as a diploid reference for comparison. we conducted an analysis of 32 individuals derived from the selfing of variety sp 701006 using four isozymes and 53 maize probes ... | 1994 | 18470072 |
| phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast restriction enzyme site mutations in the saccharinae griseb. subtribe of the andropogoneae dumort. tribe. | chloroplast (cp) dna from 32 genotypes representing eight genera and 19 species from the andropogoneae tribe was analyzed using 15 restriction enzymes and southern hybridization with 12 cpdna probes that span the complete rice chloroplast genome. six of the genera, saccharum, miscanthus, erianthus, narenga, eccoilopus, and sclerostachya, are part of the saccharinae subtribe, whereas the other two, zea and sorghum, were used as outgroups. narenga, miscanthus, erianthus, and sclerostachya are pres ... | 1994 | 24190471 |
| chemiluminescent detection of fiji disease virus with biotinylated dna probes. | biotinylated fiji disease fijivirus specific cdna probes detected the presence of the virus in total nucleic acid extracts from infected sugarcane plants. hybridised biotinylated probes were detected with streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and the light generating substrate amppd. samples were either blotted manually, or by alkaline capillary transfer using 100 mm naoh. transfer of nucleic acids to charge modified nylon with sodium hydroxide was superior to denaturation with glyoxal or ... | 1994 | 8031237 |
| toxicity of policosanol in beagle dogs: one-year study. | policosanol is a new chemical entity composed of 8 higher aliphatic alcohols obtained from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum), l. wax, whose cholesterol-lowering effects have been demonstrated in experimental models, healthy volunteers and patients with type ii hypercholesterolemia. this study investigated the oral toxicity of policosanol administered for 52 weeks to beagle dogs. twenty-four beagle dogs (12 males and 12 females) were distributed randomly in 3 experimental groups (4 animals/group ... | 1994 | 8048085 |
| effect of policosanol on isoprenaline-induced myocardial necrosis in rats. | policosanol is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum l.) and octacosanol represents its main component. this study was conducted to examine the effects of policosanol on myocardial necrosis induced by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline in rats. a significant reduction (p < 0.01) of infarct size, polymorphonuclear cells and mast cells was observed in animals treated with policosanol at 5 or 25 mg kg-1, while animals receiving only acety ... | 1994 | 8051611 |
| effect of policosanol on experimental thrombosis models. | policosanol is a natural product, obtained from sugar cane wax (saccharum officinarum l.) with which cholesterol-lowering effects have been demonstrated in experimental models, healthy volunteers and hypercholesterolemic patients. the effects of policosanol on experimental venous and arterial thrombosis in rats were investigated. policosanol (25 mg/kg) significantly decreased the thrombus weight, in the venous thrombosis models, the protective effect persisting until 4 h after its oral administr ... | 1994 | 8066100 |
| characterization of a low molecular mass autophosphorylating protein in cultured sugarcane cells and its identification as a nucleoside diphosphate kinase. | a low molecular mass (18 kd) phosphoprotein (pp18) was characterized and purified from cultured sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) cell line h50-7209. autophosphorylation assays were used to detect pp18 after separation by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). only pp18 was detected by a brief in situ phosphorylation method, whereas additional putative protein kinases were detected by an extended method. pp18 was present in both microsomal membrane and soluble f ... | 1994 | 8016268 |
| production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in sucrose-utilizing recombinant escherichia coli and klebsiella strains. | the cloned poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb) synthesis pathway from alcaligenes eutrophus has been introduced into sucrose-utilizing strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes, and klebsiella oxytoca. the plasmid-borne genes were well expressed in these environments and were able to mediate the production of significant amounts of phb when the bacteria were grown with sucrose as the sole carbon source. the molecular weight of the phb polymer made in k. aerogenes and e. coli was approximately 1 ... | 1994 | 8017916 |
| cholesterol-lowering effects of policosanol in rabbits. | policosanol is a natural mixture of higher primary aliphatic alcohols isolated and purified from sugar cane (saccharum officinarum, l.) wax, whose main component is octacosanol. policosanol (5-200 mg/kg) orally administered for 4 weeks to normocholesterolemic new zealand rabbits significantly reduced total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-c) serum levels in a dose dependent manner. serum triglyceride levels of treated and control animals were significantly different, but ... | 1994 | 8728832 |
| phylogenetic classification of phytopathogenic mollicutes by sequence analysis of 16s ribosomal dna. | the phylogenetic relationships of 17 phytopathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms (mlos) representing seven major taxonomic groups established on the basis of mlo 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) restriction patterns were examined by performing a sequence analysis of the 16s rdna gene. the sequence data showed that the mlos which we examined are members of a relatively homogeneous group that evolved monophyletically from a common ancestor. in agreement with results obtained previously with other mlos, our r ... | 1994 | 7520735 |
| a nitrogen-fixing endophyte of sugarcane stems (a new role for the apoplast). | the intercellular spaces of sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) stem parenchyma are filled with solution (determined by cryoscanning microscopy), which can be removed aseptically by centrifugation. it contained 12% sucrose (suc; ph 5.5.) and yielded pure cultures of an acid-producing bacterium (approximately 104 bacteria/ml extracted fluid) on n-poor medium containing 10% suc (ph 5.5). this bacterium was identical with the type culture of acetobacter diazotrophicus, a recently discovered n2-fix ... | 1994 | 12232271 |
| construction of a bioinsecticidal strain of pseudomonas fluorescens active against the sugarcane borer, eldana saccharina. | a cryia(c) gene was cloned from a native bacillus thuringiensis strain showing activity against the sugarcane borer, eldana saccharina. the sequence of the cloned gene was very similar to that of the b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-73 cryia(c) gene. the gene was introduced into an isolate of pseudomonas fluorescens, capable of colonizing sugarcane, on two broad-host-range plasmids, pder405 and pkt240, having copy numbers of 13 and 28, respectively. by using the omegon-km vector, the cry gene ... | 1994 | 16349194 |
| limited genetic diversity in the endophytic sugarcane bacterium acetobacter diazotrophicus. | acetobacter diazotrophicus isolates that originated from different sugarcane cultivars growing in diverse geographic regions of mexico and brazil were shown to have limited genetic diversity. measurements of polymorphism in the electrophoretic mobilities of metabolic enzymes revealed that the mean genetic diversity per enzyme locus (among the four electrophoretic types distinguished) was 0.064. the results of the genetic analysis indicate that the genetic structure of a. diazotrophicus is clonal ... | 1994 | 16349254 |
| further evidence that the n(inf2)-fixing endophytic bacterium from the intercellular spaces of sugarcane stems is acetobacter diazotrophicus. | nitrogen-fixing bacteria, isolated from the sugar solution in intercellular spaces of sugarcane stems, were compared with the type strain of acetobacter diazotrophicus (pal-5) and found to be congruent with it in all characters studied. these characters were 37 morphological and biochemical tests, cellular fatty acid composition, and nitrogenase activity. the nitrogenase activity was measured by acetylene reduction and h(inf2) evolution and found to be unusual in that the h(inf2) evolution was s ... | 1995 | 16535026 |
| genetic structure of acetobacter diazotrophicus populations and identification of a new genetically distant group. | a total of 55 isolates of acetobacter diazotrophicus recovered from diverse sucrose-rich host plants and from mealybugs associated with sugarcane plants were characterized by the electrophoretic mobilities of 12 metabolic enzymes. we identified seven different electrophoretic types (ets), six of which are closely related within a genetic distance of 0.195 and exhibit high dna-dna homology. the seventh et was largely divergent, separated at a genetic distance of 0.53, and had only 54% dna homolog ... | 1995 | 16535102 |
| use of sugarcane molasses for culture of clostridium chauvoei. | 1995 | 7548606 | |
| consistent striatal damage in rats induced by 3-nitropropionic acid and cultures of arthrinium fungus. | arthrinium fungi were cultivated from the samples of mildewed sugarcane which caused acute encephalopathy and delayed dystonia in children. the arthrinium cultures (ac) contained 5 mg/ml 3-nitropropionic acid (3-npa) after being inactivated and concentrated. a neuropathological study was carried out in rats intoxicated with 3-npa and ac, respectively. consistent bilateral striatal necrosis was found in rats with both poisonings, and the severity was well correlated with persistent recumbency whi ... | 1995 | 7565487 |
| production of fumonisins by fusarium species of taiwan. | twenty-nine fusarium species isolated from various sources in different districts of taiwan were tested for their ability to produce fumonisins in corn cultures. only fusarium moniliforme produced fumonisin b1 (fb1) and fumonisin b2 (fb2). the finding that the other 28 fusarium species produced neither fb1 nor fb2 is preliminary because only one strain per species was studied. the detection of fb1 and fb2 in cultures of f. moniliforme was demonstrated by tlc and hplc, and fb1 was further confirm ... | 1995 | 7566058 |
| effect of ph, aeration and sucrose feeding on the invertase activity of intact s. cerevisiae cells grown in sugarcane blackstrap molasses. | s. cerevisiae was grown in a blackstrap molasses containing medium in batch and fed-batch cultures. the following parameters were varied: ph (from 4.0 to 6.5), dissolved oxygen (do) (from 0 to 5.0 mg o2 l-1) and sucrose feeding rate. when glucose concentration (s) was higher than 0.5 g l-1 a reduction in the specific invertase activity of intact cells (v) and an oscillatory behavior of v values during fermentation were observed. both the invertase reduction and the oscillatory behavior of v valu ... | 1995 | 7576463 |
| differentiation of capsular polysaccharides from acetobacter diazotrophicus strains isolated from sugarcane. | capsular polysaccharides (cpss) from six representative strains of acetobacter diazotrophicus were isolated and fractionated by gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography. purified cpss obtained in the non-adsorbed fraction of a deae-sephadex a-25 column were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed for sugar composition. uronic acid and amino sugars were not detected in all purified cpss. basically the cpss of a. diazotrophicus are composed of rhamnose, mannose, galactose and glucose. th ... | 1995 | 7651237 |
| a gene from alcaligenes denitrificans that confers albicidin resistance by reversible antibiotic binding. | albicidin antibiotics specifically block prokaryote dna replication. the albicidin resistance gene (albb) cloned from a soil isolate of alcaligenes denitrificans encodes a 23 kda protein capable of detoxifying albicidin by reversible binding. this mechanism operates intracellularly to protect dna replication in albicidin-sensitive escherichia coli expressing the cloned resistance gene, which can be induced fivefold in the presence of 1.5 micrograms albicidin ml-1 in the surrounding medium. the c ... | 1995 | 7711894 |
| expression, purification, and use as an antigen of recombinant sugarcane mosaic virus coat protein. | a high titre (1:10,000) antiserum was raised in a rabbit against the coat protein of sugarcane mosaic potyvirus (scmv), by injecting a preparation of recombinant coat protein purified from a fusion protein expressed in e. coli. the fusion protein consisted of the male maltose binding protein (mbp) and the viral coat protein separated by the protease factor xa cleavage site. the fusion protein was encoded by the plasmid pmal-ccpm, which was constructed by cloning a modified coat protein gene to t ... | 1995 | 7503681 |
| trna intergenic spacers reveal polymorphisms diagnostic for xanthomonas albilineans. | a pcr-based detection system was developed for xanthomonas albilineans, a pathogen of sugarcane, and other related xanthomonads, using the conserved sequence of two adjacent trna genes and the variable length and sequence of the spacer region between them. an appropriate region was identified as follows: trna genes with the same anticodon from a wide variety of bacteria were aligned and the most frequent base at each position was chosen to derive primers that would anneal to the gene in either o ... | 1995 | 8574414 |
| epidemiological observations on malaria in villages of buhari phc, surat, gujarat. | investigations were carried out in the villages of buhari phc, surat district, gujarat to determine factors responsible for high prevalence of p. falciparum. the area is well-known for sugarcane cultivation, industrialization and frequent movement of labourers. the slide positivity rate (44.24%) and p. falciparum infections (95.37%) were significantly high. the children of 5-9 yrs of age group suffered maximum from malaria. the infection in children was found associated with splenomegaly also. h ... | 1995 | 8867060 |
| [comparison of ciliate diversity in biodisc reactors which purify industrial wastewater]. | the comparative study of the ciliate populations present in rotating biological reactors (biodiscs reactors) of 20 l working volume, treating three different wastewaters is the aim of this project. wastewaters chosen were those of a maize mill, of a sugarcane/ethyl alcohol plant, and of a recycled paper mill. its dissolved organic contents, measured as soluble chemical oxygen demand (cod) and five-day biochemical oxygen demand (bod5), were 2040 mg cod/l and 585 mg bod5/l for maize mill effluents ... | 1995 | 8900568 |
| moldy sugarcane poisoning--a case report with a brief review. | a five-year-old girl developed an acute encephalopathy after eating a piece of moldy sugarcane. delayed symptomatic dystonia was the main effect; cranial ct scans revealed bilateral lenticular lucencies. this case is typical of moldy sugarcane poisoning cases previously reported only in china. 3-nitropropionic acid produced by arthrinium sp is the most likely etiologic agent. | 1995 | 7629905 |