Publications

extrinsic allergic alveolitis in a sawmill worker. a case report.	extrinsic allergic alveolitis, with acute attacks of the disease, developed in a sawmill worker. the diagnosis was based on the history of exposure to moldy wood, on the symptoms and clinical signs, and on physiological and radiographic findings. a microbiological analysis of the ambient air of the patient's work environment showed that the air contained a considerable number of spores, both of fungi and actinomycetes. the most common fungal genus was aspergillus. thermoactinomyces vulgaris pred ...	1980	7001618
thermitase, a thermostable serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. classification as a subtilisin-type protease.	studies on the amino acid composition, chemical modifications, and characterization of the cyanogen bromide cleavage peptides of a thermostable serine protase (thermitase) from thermoactinomyces vulgaris were performed. the amino acid analysis shows that the enzyme contains a single cysteine and methionine residue. from the amino acid composition as well as a partial sequence determination around the single methionine residue it is concluded that thermitase belongs to the subtilisin-type proteas ...	1980	7002820
the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the diagnosis of farmer's lung.	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was adapted to measure antibodies against aspergillus fumigatus, thermoactinomyces vulgaris and micropolyspora faeni. mycelial and culture fluid antigens were used separately to analyze antibodies in three study groups: farmer's lung patients, patients with bronchitis and healthy control persons. the mycelial antigen of a. fumigatus gave more positive results than the corresponding culture fluid antigen. the situation was reversed for the actinomycetes. ...	1980	7008641
[a serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, strain inmi-4a].	a serine proteinase was isolated from the cultural filtrate of the thermophylic actinomycet thermoactinomycet vulgaris, strain inmi-4a. the purification procedure included affinity chromatography on bacitracin-sepharose, ion-exchange separation on aminosilochrome, and gel-filtration on sephadex g-25, resulting in a 194-fold purification and the 55% yield of the enzyme. the molecular weight of the enzyme as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of na-sds as well as by g ...	1980	7016198
influence of calcium binding on the thermal stability of 'thermitase', a serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	'thermitase' (ec 3.4.21.14), a thermostable extracellular serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, binds one calcium ion with a dissociation constant of about 10-4m at 25 degrees c and ph 7.5 to 3.5. in addition, two calcium ions are bound more tightly to the enzyme, as shown by experiments with a calcium-selective electrode. the single most weakly bound calcium ion causes a slight quenching of the protein fluorescence emission, accompanied by a stabilization against thermal denaturation ...	1981	7023547
a new subfamily of microbial serine proteinase? structural similarities of bacillus thuringiensis and thermoactinomyces vulgaris extracellular serine proteinases.		1981	7028036
[immunologic comparison of intracellular and extracellular serine proteases from bacillus amyloliquefaciens and some other proteases].	antibodies against intracellular serine protease and extracellular subtilisin bpn' were raised in rabbits. using these antibodies and antisera against subtilisin carlsberg and thermitase (serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris), it was shown that the proteases of the subtilisin family possess a pronounced immunological variability. immunological studies demonstrated that the vegetative and sporulating b. amyloliquefaciens cells contain no long-lived protein precursor of intracellular se ...	1981	6791708
microbial aerosols and actinomycetes in etiological considerations of mushroom workers' lungs.	spent steamed compost, phase ii compost, and dust emanating from spent compost during dumping of stationary-bed mushroom houses were examined bacteriologically. the total count for spent compost was 16 x 10(8) microorganisms per g. the total count for dust was 333 microorganisms per liter of air. actinomycetes belonging to the genus streptomyces often constituted 90% or more of isolates from dust, whereas mold spores constituted approximately 5%. dust weight averaged 3.4 mg/liter of air and cont ...	1981	7195685
the microbiology of spent mushroom compost and its dust.	microorganisms in spent steamed mushroom compost and its dust were enumerated, and identified. some phase ii (indoor composting) compost samples were also examined. steaming of spent compost resulted in a 70-76% reduction in microbial numbers. total counts made with compost fusion agar were approximately two logs greater than those for nutrient agar. the most common bacterial isolate was bacillus licheniformis. the most common actinomycete isolates were streptomyces diastaticus and thermoactinom ...	1981	7197578
respiratory disorders in manitoba cattle farmers.	a group of 76 cattle farmers from southern manitoba answered the national heart, lung, and blood institute questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and supplementary questions on farming and farming-related syndromes. lung function was tested, serum was examined for precipitating antibodies, and skin testing with common allergens was performed. analysis of the men's answers revealed a high prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among the farmers in all categories of smoking history, and the pre ...	1981	7260808
circulating immune complexes in patients with usual interstitial pulmonary fibrosis: partial characterization and relationship with thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	sixty-six sera were analysed by solid-phase conglutinin binding assay, to detect the levels of circulating immune complexes (cic), and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to show a correlation with antibodies to thermoactinomyces vulgaris. sixty per cent of patients with usual interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (uip), were positive for cic; and t. vulgaris antibodies were detected in 60% of the same patients. in comparison, there was a low frequency of positive results in bronchitis patien ...	1981	7319561
[effects of oils and fatty acids on growth and enzyme development of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. ii. methods for determination of growth in submerged culture in the presence of oil].		1981	7336770
characterization of synthetic medium antigens of micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces candidus.	a synthetic (syn) medium was developed for growth of micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces candidus, and optimum conditions for culture filtrate antigen production were found to be 3 days for t. candidus and 9 to 12 days for m. faeni. appearance of proteolytic activity in the culture fluid supernatant coincided with a decrease in precipitating antigen content, protein content, and number of proteins on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page), probably as a result of proteolysis. the resul ...	1981	7014692
survival of microorganisms in a rock bed under conditions simulating solar heat storage.	a laboratory-scale unit containing about 360 kg of washed river gravel was designed to [ill] the use of rocks for heat storage. the unit was operated under varying conditions of temperature, relative humidity, and the addition of volatile nutrients over a 4-month period. effluent air and rock surfaces were monitored for the presence of microorganisms. after 2 weeks, virtually no microorganisms were detected in the effluent air except when dry soil or compost was added as the inoculum. a small nu ...	1981	16345765
[a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis presumably due to thermoactinomyces vulgaris with associated uveitis and serum-angiotensinconverting enzyme elevation (author's transl)].		1981	6270438
affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes on silica-based biospecific sorbents.	new biospecific sorbents for affinity chromatography of proteolytic enzymes were prepared by the attachment of the cyclopeptide antibiotics bacitracin, bacilliquin or gramicidin s to aminosilochrom via a reaction with p-benzoquinone. the content of the cyclopeptide ligands within the sorbents varied from 2 to 46 mumol/g. the sorbents prepared by this reaction were successfully applied in the purification of the carboxylic proteinases produced by fungi, russula decolorans (a basidiomycete) and tr ...	1981	6271864
thermostability & turnover of phosphatases in the obligate thermophile thermoactinomyces vulgaris.		1982	6288552
[physiological and cell biological characterization of the protease producer thermoactinomyces vulgaris during prolonged culture in a stirred fermenter].	the physiological behaviour of thermoactinomyces vulgaris - producing a thermostable serine-protease - was analyzed during fermentation. during 38 h the consumption of nutrients and oxygen as well as the rates of macromolecular and protease synthesis were measured. the morphological and ultrastructural changes of the mycelia were also studied. the mycelia grew exponentially for about 5 hours. after a short lag and a second slower growth phase, growth continued about linearly until the end, as wa ...	1982	6188286
preparation and characterization of proteases from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. v. investigations on autolysis and thermostability of the purified protease.	thermitase, the main component of the proteases of the culture medium from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, is degraded by autolyses (increase of liberated amino groups) and thereby inactivated especially at elevated temperature, at alkaline ph-values and in the absence of added substrates. as shown by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis autolysis is an essential part during heat inactivation (complete disappearance of the thermitase band after heating the enzyme at 85 degrees c for 5 min). the quanti ...	1982	6219501
use of epifluorescence microscopy in studies of the germination and recovery of thermoactinomycetes.	spore germination and growth of thermoactinomycetes were observed by epifluorescence microscopy. each of the principal stages in germination was recognized and found to correspond to changes in phase-contrast appearance commonly monitored during endospore germination. the effects of novobiocin and nalidixic acid on germination of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and t. thalpophilus were studied by using epifluorescence microscopy. outgrowth but not initiation was inhibited by 100 mug of nalidixic acid ...	1982	16345954
separation and comparative characterization of the cationic protease and anionic protease from the culture medium of thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the anionic protease component which frequently contaminates preparations of routinely isolated cationic protease (thermitase) from thermoactinomyces vulgaris was purified, virtually to homogeneity, by rechromatography on controlled pore glass (cpg-10). starting materials were column eluates with anionic protease, contaminated with residual thermitase activity. the purified anionic enzyme shares several properties with thermitase, such as size, sensitivity against phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride ...	1982	6749637
amino acid sequence of the small cyanogen bromide peptide of thermitase, a thermostable serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. relation to the subtilisins.	the following amino acid sequence of the small cyanogen bromide peptide (mol. wt. 5399) of thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris has been determined: ala-thr-pro-his-val-ala-gly-val-ala-gly-leu-leu-ala-ser-gln-gly-arg-ser-ala-ser -asn-ile-arg-ala-ala-ile-glu-asn-thr-ala-asp-lys-ile-ser-gly-thr-gly-thr-tyr-trp-ala-lys-gly-arg-val-asn-ala-tyr-lys-ala-val-gln-tyr. the results obtained support the classification of the enzyme as a serine proteinase of the subtilisin type as proposed in a previo ...	1982	6749726
investigations on the substrate specificity of thermitase, a thermostable serine-protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the kinetic parameters km and kcat and the proteolytic coefficients kcat/km for the hydrolysis of eighteen z(benzyloxycarbonyl)-dipeptide methyl esters with variation of the residues in p1 and p2 position catalyzed by thermitase at ph 8 and 55 degrees c are reported. the results indicate that an integral part of both subsites, s1 and s2, are hydrophobic areas and that a mutual interaction between the side chains of p1 and p2 for optimal hydrolyisis does exist. furthermore, the importance of the ...	1982	6753429
immunology of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.	hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis) represents a spectrum of granulomatous, interstitial, and alveolar-filling lung disorders of which farmer's lung is a classic example. a major source of offending antigens in these diseases are thermophilic actinomycetes growing in moldy vegetable matter especially micropolyspora faeni, and members of the thermoactinomyces genus. acutely, hypersensitivity pneumonitis presents as cough, dyspnea and fever, with crepitant rales, leucocyto ...	1982	6761066
comparison of methods for isolation and enumeration of thermophilic actinomycetes from dust.	thermophilic actinomycetes are the primary sensitizing agents in farmer's lung disease. we compared dilution pour-plate and spread-plate methods for their usefulness in enumerating thermophilic actinomycetes in moldy silage dust and evaluated the ability of a nonquantitative gravity settling technique to recover thermophilic actinomycetes from moldy silage. spread plates and pour plates yielded similar estimates of total thermophiles. higher counts were observed on spread plates (p less than 0.0 ...	1982	6761363
[microbial sources of antigens in the environment of farmer's lung patients (author's transl)].	the actinomycetes micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris are important sources of antigens in extrinsic allergic alveolitis, the deuteromycete aspergillus fumigatus is it to a lesser extent. these microorganisms have been sought in hay samples obtained from farmers who on the one hand show farmer's lung symptoms and on the other antibodies to these microorganisms. a relatively good correlation has been found between the immunological and microbiological findings. the conditions nece ...	1982	7043907
properties of thermitase, a thermostable serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	some structural and catalytic properties of the extracellular serine protease thermitase, purified by chromatography on porous glass, are reported. the crystal data and the high elastinolytic action point to possible relationship of thermitase with pancreatic elastase. subsite-mapping studies clearly indicate, however, that thermitase contains an extended binding region and is closely related to the subtilisin group. the enzyme shows maximal stability between ph 6.0 and 7.5 and maximal activity ...	1982	7051706
[thermitase, a thermostable serine protease of thermoactinomyces vulgaris: interaction of the active center and the sh-group of the enzyme].	modification of the serine and histidine residue in the active centre of thermitase with diisopropylfluorophosphate (dfp) or l-1-tosylamide-2-phenylethyl chloromethylketon (tpck), and of the only sh-group of the enzyme, with hg-compounds causes an activity loss against hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenylacetate. while the modification of cysteine prevents reaction of serine and histidine in the active centre of the enzyme with dfp and tpck, respectively, the hg2+- and cf3hg+-binding to the sh-group afte ...	1982	7051707
numerical classification of sporoactinomycetes containing meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall.	one hundred and thirty actinomycetes representing 19 genera and 50 species were compared in a numerical phenetic survey using 108 unit characters. data were examined using the simple matching (ssm), jaccard (sj) and pattern (dp) coefficients and clustering was achieved using both the single and unweighted pair group average algorithms. cluster composition was barely affected by the statistics used or by test error, estimated at 2.1%. over 80% of the strains were assigned to 2 clusters containing ...	1982	7077300
hypersensitivity pneumonitis: occupational exposure to sitophilus granarius and thermoactinomyces vulgaris.		1982	7162213
alteration of interaction with virulent bacteriophage ta1 during differentiation of thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	during its life cycle thermoactinomyces vulgaris 1227 and 1261 substrate mycelium showed three modes of interaction with the virulent phage ta1, each expressed at a distinct morphological stage. primary mycelium arising from spores 50 min after start of germination was the only stage which propagated phages upon infection. however, infection of growing secondary mycelium or of late sporulation stages resulted in a loss of phage. the lack of phage production upon infection of growing secondary my ...	1982	7164476
antigen release from thermoactinomyces vulgaris by lysozyme treatment.	lysozyme treatment was used to release antigenic material from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, one of the microbes associated with farmer's lung. lysozyme caused degradation of the murein layer visualized as changes and disappearance of the bacterial morphology in scanning electron microscopy. enrichment of different antigenic components in the lysozyme extract and in the cell residue, respectively, was detected by immunoprecipitation. when lysozyme extract and cell residue antigens were used in enz ...	1983	6840869
autolysis of thermoactinomyces vulgaris spores lacking carbon dioxide during germination.	ultrathin sections of early germinating endospores of thermoactinomyces vulgaris were studied by electron microscope. only spores aerated with an air-co2 mixture (5% co2) grow out, while spores aerated with air (0.03% co2) lyse by the 25th min of inoculation. the lysis is due to progressive, unlimited degradation of the spore integuments and a lack of cell wall formation around the spore protoplast. the requirement of co2 for outgrowth could not be replaced by oxaloacetate. co2 seems to be neede ...	1983	6408811
"haysickness" in icelandic horses: precipitin tests and other studies.	blood samples were taken from 18 healthy horses (group a), 15 horses clinically diagnosed to have "haysickness" ("farmer's lung") (group b), 10 closely related horses (group c) and 14 inbred horses (group d). precipitins in sera were measured by double gel diffusion test against micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus, alternaria, penicillium and rhizopus species. in group a, all the horses were precipitin negative except one with a faint reaction to rhizopus spec ...	1983	6411460
l-asparaginase activity in cell-free extracts of thermoactinomyces vulgaris 13 m.e.s.	crude extracts of thermoactinomyces vulgaris 13 m.e.s. were prepared by different procedures and their l-asparaginase activity was compared. the optimum conditions for the enzyme activity in the crude extract was exerted at ph 8.8, using borate or tris-hcl buffer, or at ph 7.4, using phosphate buffer, after a reaction time of 30 minutes at 50-55 degrees c, using 1.35-5.4 mg protein of the crude extract. the enzyme showed an apparent km value of 4.5 x 10(-3), was more thermostable in crude extrac ...	1983	6649956
pulmonary fibrosis, with sarcoid granulomas and angiitis, associated with handling of mouldy lichen.	we report a case of extrinsic allergic bronchiolo-alveolitis associated with handling of mouldy lichen. the patient had periodic dyspnoea, cough and mucoid sputum, and a micronodular infiltration of both lungs with slight restrictive ventilatory insufficiency. an open lung biopsy showed interstitial inflammation and fibrosis with sarcoid granulomas and angiitis. the symptoms disappeared during long term corticosteroid therapy, but reappeared every year when the patient participated in the handli ...	1983	6653692
isolation and possible relevance of thermoactinomyces candidus proteinases in farmer's lung disease.	the thermophilic actinomycetes are the most common etiological agents causing hypersensitivity pneumonitis. antigen preparations of these organisms contain proteolytic activity. further investigation of the proteinases of the thermophilic actinomycetes was undertaken to determine whether this activity may contribute directly to the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pulmonary mycotoxicosis. the presence of proteolytic activity in aerosolized dust from moldy silage was demonstrated, ...	1983	6341241
[intracellular proteases of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. 1. occurrence of the proteases in the cell and dynamics of their formation during cultivation].	the investigation concerning the localization of proteolytically active enzymes in the cells of thermoactinomyces vulgaris show that the enzymes are present in a dissolved form in the cellular extract (75%) as well as linked to the solid cell components (25%). the ratio of the activities of the soluble periplasmatical fraction to the soluble cytoplasmatical fraction to the insoluble cytoplasmatical membrane fraction was found to be 2:1:1. the formation of the proteins during the cultivation is m ...	1983	6348549
[intracellular proteases of thermoactinomyces vulgaris. 2. biochemical characterization of proteases in cell extracts].	the intracellular proteases (ip) of the cellular extract of thermoactinomyces vulgaris are characterized as to the biochemical properties compared with the corresponding extracellular proteases (ep). according to that, the storage stability and the temperature and ph behaviour (optimum, stability) of both of the proteases are identical. nevertheless, differences were detected between ip and ep after the action of several effectors and different substrates. as could be seen after a column chromat ...	1983	6348550
amino acid sequence of the tryptic sh-peptide of thermitase, a thermostable serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. relation to the subtilisins.	the following amino acid sequence of the tryptic sh-peptide of thermitase, a thermostable serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, was determined: val-val-gly-gly-trp-asp-phe-val-asp-asn-asp-ser-thr- pro-gln-asn-gly-asn-gly-64his-gly-thr-his-68cys-ala- gly-ile-ala-ala-ala-val-thr-asn-asn-ser-thr-gly-ile- ala-gly-thr-ala-pro-lys. this sequence shows homology with the highly conservative part of the subtilisin sequences around the active site his-64. the single cysteine residue of thermi ...	1983	6350202
circulating immune complexes and rheumatoid factors in patients with farmer's lung.	circulating igg immune complexes (cics), igm rheumatoid factors (rfs), complement level (c3 and c4), and igg antibodies to aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus umbrosus, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, and micropolyspora faeni were analysed in the sera of 14 patients with farmer's lung (fl), 10 in the acute and four in the subacute phase of the disease. ten spouses of fl patients served as exposed healthy controls. c3 and c4 were measured fluoronephelometrically. c3 levels were above the normal range ...	1983	6351661
influence of synthetic peptide inhibitors on the thermal stability of thermitase, a serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	the influence of chloromethyl ketones and methyl ketones of n-acylated peptides on the thermal denaturation of thermitase was investigated in the presence and the absence of calcium ions. the chloromethyl ketone derivatives are known to react irreversibly with the enzyme, whereas the corresponding methyl ketones are reversible inhibitors. both groups of inhibitors offer a broad variety of affinity constants. the irreversible inhibition of thermitase causes a marked stabilization against thermal ...	1984	6365815
rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of igg antibodies against micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	a rapid elisa was developed for the detection of specific igg against micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris and compared with counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie) in twenty-seven patients with suspected farmer's lung disease (fld). seventeen patients had precipitins to m. faeni or t. vulgaris or both, and ten had no precipitins. the optimum conditions for each step in the elisa were determined: pre-equilibration of reagents at 37 c and vigorous agitation during incubation enabled the ...	1984	6375892
airborne molds and actinomycetes in the work environment of farmer's lung patients in finland.	occurrence of molds and actinomycetes in the breathing zone of farmers during the handling of hay, straw, or grain was studied with the use of an andersen sampler on 35 farms in finland. on 24 farms there was a person with recently diagnosed farmer's lung disease, and on 11 farms people were free of the disease. the total spore concentration and the concentrations of the spores of thermoactinomyces (t) vulgaris, micropolyspora (m) faeni, and aspergillus (a) umbrosus were statistically significan ...	1984	6382592
malate dehydrogenases from actinomycetes: structural comparison of thermoactinomyces enzyme with other actinomycete and bacillus enzymes.	malate dehydrogenases from bacteria belonging to the genus thermoactinomyces are tetrameric, like those from bacillus spp., and exhibit a high degree of structural homology to bacillus malate dehydrogenase as judged by immunological cross-reactivity. malate dehydrogenases from other actinomycetes are dimers and do not cross-react with antibodies to bacillus malate dehydrogenase.	1984	6693355
experimental allergic alveolitis in mice induced by thermoactinomyces vulgaris.	a model of allergic alveolitis was developed in inbred mice. antigen suspension prepared from thermoactinomyces vulgaris was applicated intranasally in c3h/he mice. lung histology, serum igg and iga antibodies and serum lysozyme were followed during the course of sensitization. the lung histology showed an increased number of intra-alveolar macrophages and leucocytes in sensitized mice. interstitial peribronchiolar and perivascular infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells and a few granulo ...	1984	6702460
[absorption of enzymatic protein hydrolysates and equimolar amino acid mixtures in the perfused small intestine of the rat].	casein, wheat gluten or field-bean protein isolate (vicia faba) was hydrolyzed enzymatically by trypsin or thermitase (proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris). the degree of splitting of the protein peptide bounds was, resp., 18% or 30% for casein, 8% or 30% for wheat gluten and 16% or 29% for the field-bean protein isolate. the peptide pattern of the protein hydrolysates was measured by gel chromatography. the absorption of the enzymatic protein hydrolysates was compared with the absorption ...	1984	6721874
[carboxypeptidase t--intracellular carboxypeptidase of thermoactinomycetes--a distant analog of animal carboxypeptidase].	carboxypeptidase t, an extracellular carboxypeptidase from thermoactinomyces sp. was isolated and purified by affinity chromatography on bacitracin adsorbents. the enzyme homogeneity was established by sds electrophoresis (mr = 38 000) and isoelectrofocusing in paag (pi 5.3). carboxypeptidase t reveals a mixed specificity in comparison with pancreatic carboxypeptidases a and b and cleaves with nearly the same efficiency the peptide bonds formed by the c-terminal residues of basic and neutral hyd ...	1984	6424730
partial purification and characterization of a thermostable actinomycete beta-amylase.	a thermostable amylase, possibly a beta-amylase from thermoactinomyces sp. no. 2 isolated from soil, is reported. the enzyme was purified 36-fold by acetone precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, and sephadex g-200 gel filtration, and the molecular weight was estimated at 31,600. the enzyme was characterized by demonstration of optimum activity at 60 degrees c and ph 7 and by retention of 70% activity at 70 degrees c (30 min). it was stimulated by mn and fe but strongly inhibited by hg. mal ...	1984	16346495
detection of antigens in lung biopsies by immunoperoxidase staining in extrinsic allergic bronchiolo-alveolitis (eaba).	open lung biopsy specimens of 14 patients with extrinsic allergic bronchiolo-alveolitis (eaba) were studied by immunoperoxidase staining with avidin-biotin-complex method using nonconjugated antisera to micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus, and aspergillus umbrosus. antigenic intracellular material was found in macrophages and giant cells of granulomas in the lung tissue of 8 patients. this finding supports the hypothesis which suggests that macrophages and t-l ...	1985	2409726
[the kinetics of hydrolysis of alanine peptide esters and -p-nitroanilides by thermitase, a thermostable serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris: secondary specificity, influence of temperature and solute].	the kinetic parameters km and kcat and the resulting proteolytic coefficients kcat/km for the hydrolysis of blocked alanine peptide esters (x(ala)nome) and -p-nitroanilides (x(ala)n-pna) of variable length (n = 1 to 5 alanine residues) by the cationic, microbial serine protease thermitase are determined in order to delineate the number of subsites involved in catalysis. thermitase has at least five secondary subsites (s1 to s5) being hydrophobic in s1 to s4. arrhenius plots for both, esterase an ...	1985	3890845
[farmer's lung with antibodies against thermoactinomyces vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus. clinical course and treatment].	we present a case of farmer's lung with antibodies to thermoactinomyces vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus. a 56-year-old male patient with an atopic family medical history came to our hospital complaining of cough, dyspnea, fever, asthenia and anorexia. his condition worsened after being exposed to cereal powder, becoming symptomatic after 20 minutes or on occasion after 6 hours. physical examination showed basal crepitant rales in lung auscultation. the radiograph of the thorax showed a bilate ...	1985	3909794
familial aggregation of igg antibody response to antigens associated with farmer's lung.	the levels of circulating igg antibodies to aspergillus umbrosus, aspergillus fumigatus, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, and micropolyspora faeni were determined by enzyme immunoassay in 197 subjects selected for a study of farmer's lung (fl). the material consisted of five study groups: 37 patients with clinically confirmed fl, 31 spouses of the patients, 44 immediate relatives of the patients, 35 immediate relatives of the patients' spouses, and 50 unrelated people who were spouses of the 79 peopl ...	1985	3910599
precipitating antibodies against micropolyspora faeni in equines in north-western india.	prevalence of serum precipitins against micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus, employing the counterimmunoelectrophoresis (coie) and ouchterlony's double diffusion (dd) techniques, is reported in 162 of the equines stationed at two military installations in north-western india. m. faeni specific precipitins were demonstrable in 58 of 112 mules from site i in the mountainous region whereas the results were negative for all of the 50 horses examined from site i ...	1985	3937491
factors influencing the development of serum precipitins to farmer's lung antigen in quebec dairy farmers.	a total of 888 randomly selected dairy farmers participated in an epidemiological study to evaluate the prevalence of precipitins to farmer's lung antigens, and the socioeconomic factors associated with their presence. precipitins were present in 75 farmers (8.4%) (65 to micropolyspora faeni, seven to aspergillus spp, two to both aspergillus and micropolyspora faeni, and one to aspergillus and thermoactinomyces vulgaris). the titres ranged from a dilution of 1/32 to a concentration of x 2 (oucht ...	1985	4038823
determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) of specific igg antibody activities for diagnosis of farmer's lung disease.	the specific igg antibodies to thermophilic actinomycetes in the sera from patients with farmer's lung disease were quantitated by an elisa and the results thereof were compared with those obtained by the standard double immunodiffusion assay (ouchterlony's method). all sera from patients with farmer's lung disease were precipitin positive to thermoactinomyces vulgaris and/or micropolyspora faeni by the ouchterlony's method, and revealed significantly high levels of igg antibody activities again ...	1985	4082173
identification of thermophilic bacteria in solid-waste composting.	the thermophilic microbiota of solid-waste composting, with major emphasis on bacillus spp., was examined with trypticase soy broth (bbl microbiology systems) with 2% agar as the initial plating medium. five 4.5-liter laboratory units at 49 to 69 degrees c were fed a mixture of dried table scraps and shredded newspaper. the composting plants treating refuse at altoona, pa., and refuse-sludge at leicester, england, were also sampled. of 652 randomly picked colonies, 87% were identified as bacillu ...	1985	4083886
pulmonary and immune responses to a thermoactinomyces vulgaris antigen respiratory sensitization in c57bl/6j mice.	lung histology and immune responses were followed during a six month period of thermoactinomyces vulgaris antigen respiratory sensitization of c57bl/6j mice. histologically, the mice developed a picture resembling the subacute stage of human farmer's lung. at the early phase of the sensitization a t-cell response was seen in vitro, characterized by an increased spleen but no peripheral blood lymphocyte reactivity to t-cell mitogens at the same time as increased reactivity to the sensitizing anti ...	1986	3486777
interactions of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and mouse alveolar macrophages. loss of mitogenic activity and release of suppressive prostaglandins and interleukin 1.	interactions of mouse alveolar macrophages from three different inbred strains of mice and thermoactinomyces vulgaris, a microbe associated with farmer's lung disease, were studied. alveolar macrophages were found to abolish the mitogenic activity of t. vulgaris. a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin, could not restore the activity. alveolar macrophage supernatants generated by t. vulgaris treatment exerted strong suppression in secondary concanavalin a-induced lymphocyte transformati ...	1986	3489983
cloning and nucleotide sequencing of genes for small, acid-soluble spore proteins of bacillus cereus, bacillus stearothermophilus, and "thermoactinomyces thalpophilus".	as found previously with other bacillus species, spores of b. stearothermophilus and "thermoactinomyces thalpophilus" contained significant levels of small, acid-soluble spore proteins (sasp) which were rapidly degraded during spore germination and which reacted with antibodies raised against b. megaterium sasp. genes coding for a b. stearothermophilus and a "t. thalpophilus" sasp as well as for two b. cereus sasp were cloned, their nucleotide sequences were determined, and the amino acid sequen ...	1986	3087949
[interaction of nonactivated alveolar macrophages with thermoactinomyces vulgaris in vitro].		1986	2955917
incidence of serum-precipitating antibodies to farmer's lung antigens in hokkaido.	the prevalence of serum-precipitating antibodies to micropolyspora faeni and thermoactinomyces vulgaris was studied by immunoelectrophoresis in 442 dairy farmers living in hokkaido, the northernmost district of japan. the prevalence rates of antibodies to m. faeni and t. vulgaris were 24.2 and 11.6%, respectively. the rate of antibodies to m. faeni was higher among females than males. this difference may be due to the large number of nonsmokers among females. prevalence of antibodies to m. faeni ...	1986	3715216
significance of igg antibodies against environmental microbial antigens in a farming population.	a group of dairy farmers studied 6 years earlier in a field survey was re-surveyed for respiratory symptoms, occupational capability and the presence of antibodies against environmental micro-organisms. specific igg antibodies to micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus umbrosus and aspergillus fumigatus were measured by elisa from the serum samples obtained in the two surveys. antibody titres remained constant in 70% of both farmers and controls, but where changes took plac ...	1986	3779941
cloning and nucleotide sequencing of genes for a second type of small, acid-soluble spore proteins of bacillus cereus, bacillus stearothermophilus, and "thermoactinomyces thalpophilus".	the nucleotide sequences of the single genes coding for the b-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins (sasp) of bacillus cereus, b. stearothermophilus, and "thermoactinomyces thalpophilus" were determined, and the amino acid sequences of all b-type sasp were compared. while this type of sasp showed significant sequence conservation around the two spore protease cleavage sites, alignment of these sequences required the introduction of gaps, and even then only 19 of the residues were conserved exa ...	1987	3036769
circulating igg antibodies against fungal and actinomycete antigens in the sera of farmer's lung patients from different countries.	sixty-nine farmer's lung patients and 28 normal controls from four countries (finland, switzerland, canada and the united states) were investigated for antibody levels against 13 antigens commonly used for the screening panel for hypersensitivity pneumonitis. of these antigens, eight were from the medical college of wisconsin (united states) and five were from the university of kuopio (finland). igg antibodies against these antigens were studied in 97 sera using a sensitive biotin-avidin-linked ...	1987	3299100
[solid phase radioimmunoassay for the quantitative determination of antigen-specific igg-antibodies in the serum of patients with farmer's lung].	in this study we have investigated a number of technical aspects of a sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay (microtitre-plate ria) for the quantitative determination of antigen-specific igg antibodies in the sera of patients suffering from farmer's lung. microtitre-plates were coated with antigens of aspergillus fumigatus, micropolyspora faeni, aureobasidium pullulans, alternaria tenuis, thermoactinomyces vulgaris and hay. optimal antigen concentration and serum dilution were determined, the te ...	1987	3121779
interaction of nonactivated alveolar macrophages with thermoactinomyces vulgaris in vitro.		1987	3133174
comparative 16s rrna oligonucleotide analyses and murein types of round-spore-forming bacilli and non-spore-forming relatives.	the phylogenetic incoherency of the genus bacillus as presently described is demonstrated by analysis of both published and new data from comparative 16s rrna cataloguing of nine bacillus species and a number of related non-bacillus taxa, i.e. caryophanon latum, filibacter limicola and planococcus citreus. while the ellipsoidal-spore-forming bacilli, e.g. b. subtilis and allied species, formed a coherent cluster, the round-spore-forming bacilli showed a higher degree of relationship to the non-s ...	1987	2452227
serum precipitins against microbes in mouldy hay with respect to age, sex, atopy, and smoking of farmers.	this study was based on a sample of 3,065 farmers from a larger survey population of 12,056 finnish farmers. data were collected in a postal survey conducted by the social insurance institution of finland. serum samples for determination of precipitating antibodies were taken at local health centres. precipitins were determined by the method of microplate immune diffusion. the antigen panel consisted of mycelial antigens of micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus, ...	1987	3499339
serum precipitins against microbes in mouldy hay with respect to the geographical location of the farm and to the work of farmers.	this study was based on a sample of 3,065 farmers from a larger survey population of 12,056 finnish farmers. data were gathered in a postal survey conducted by the social insurance institution of finland. serum precipitins were determined by a microplate method of immune diffusion. the antigen panel consisted of mycelial antigens of micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus, and aspergillus umbrosus. geographical variation in the prevalence of precipitins was statis ...	1987	3499340
[long-term stability of enzymes in solution].	two proteases (thermitase, a thermostable serine protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris and subtilisin carlsberg) and one non-proteolytic enzyme (urate oxidase from penicillium spp.) were used for revealing the main influences leading to the inactivation of enzyme preparations during their long-time storage at low temperatures. the temperature dependences (0 degree c-60 degrees c) of inactivation resulted in a linear arrhenius-plot for each of the three native enzymes as well as in the presenc ...	1987	3555479
[immunization of bagasse workers in réunion].	we studied the immunological status of 45 bagasse workers from la réunion to thermoactinomyces sacchari. twenty-six patients (58%) had a history of symptoms suggestive of sensitization to bagasse dusts; 19 (42%) were asymptomatic cases. serum igg was detected in 37 (80%) of the case patients and in 23 (88%) of the symptomatic cases. however, there was no significant difference in mean serum igg titers of symptomatic (2.2 +/- 0.1) and asymptomatic cases (2.3 +/- 0.1). analysis of isotypic specifi ...	1987	3621396
enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay (elisa) for igg in bagasse workers' sera: comparison with counter-immunoelectrophoresis.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against thermoactinomyces sacchari associated with bagassosis has been described and compared with the counter-immunoelectrophoresis (cie) assay in forty-five bagasse workers; twenty-six of whom had symptoms consistent with bagassosis, and ten who were normal blood-bank donors. the elisa was more sensitive than cie in detecting antibodies against the double dialysis antigen used. there was a significantly (p less than 0 ...	1987	3621552
[the dose dependence of 15n-incorporation in organ proteins of newborn rats after pulse labeling with different tracers].	a short-chain 15n-peptide mixture characterized by an average chain length of 2.3 was obtained when 15n-labeled yeast protein has hydrolyzed enzymatically by thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. fifteen newborn wistar-rats were given a single pulse of [15n]glycine. [15n]h4cl and [15n]yeast protein-thermitasehydrolysate (ypth) in a dosage of 50 mg 15n excess kg-1 by gastric tube. in comparison with [15n]glycine the 15n-incorporation rates of brain, muscle and liver were approximately 150% ...	1987	3689142
excretion of 15n and incorporation into plasma proteins after high-dosage pulse labelling with various tracer substances in infants.	the suitability of a biosynthetically produced [15n] yeast-protein-thermitasehydrolysate ([15n] ypth), [15n] yeast protein and [15n] glycine for use as 15n-tracers was tested in three groups of four infants each. the [15n] ypth was obtained by hydrolysing 15n-labelled yeast protein with thermitase, a proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris. following oral single-pulse labelling in a dosage of 10 mg 15n/kg body weight the 15n-excretion in stools and urine as well as the 15n-abundance in plasma ...	1987	3429263
[isolation and properties of carboxypeptidase from streptomyces spheroides, strain 35].	extracellular carboxypeptidase was isolated from culture filtrates of str. spheroides strain 35, using affinity chromatography on bacitracin-silochrome, bacitracin-sepharose and cabs-sepharose. the electrophoretically homogenous enzyme was obtained with a 44% yield and 4160-fold purification. the enzyme-molecular weight is 33,000 da; pi is 4.7. the amino acid composition of carboxypeptidase is as follows: asp43, thr30, ser35, glu33, pro30, gly47-50, ala38, 1/2 cys5-6, val16, met2, ile11, leu15, ...	1987	3447630
granulomatous lung disease by thermoactinomyces vulgaris antigen in c5 deficient and sufficient mice.	hypersensitivity pneumonitis (hp) is a granulomatous lung disease with pulmonary lymphocytic infiltration supposed to be caused by type iii and type iv allergic mechanisms. in type iii allergy, compliment activation plays an important role. in this study, we adopted the intranasal administration of the ultrasonified thermoactinomyces vulgaris(tv) antigen to mice, which causes granulomatous lung lesions. we used c5 (the fifth component of compliment) deficient b10d2/osnj mice and c5 sufficient b1 ...	1987	3449610
precipitins against microbes in mouldy hay in the sera of farmers with farmer's lung or chronic bronchitis and of healthy farmers.	the aim of this study was to determine which precipitins against four antigens in 2,440 farmers are associated with the occurrence of farmer's lung (fl). the antigen panel consisted of mycelial antigens of micropolyspora faeni, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus umbrosus. as reference groups we used healthy farmers and those with chronic bronchitis. for the occurrence of precipitins against the four antigens there was a statistically significant difference between ...	1987	3478211
airborne moulds and actinomycetes in work environment of farmers.	the aim of this series of studies was to investigate the quality and quantity of farmers' exposure to airborne spores during the handling of hay or grain. in the beginning, the petri dish method and later a six-stage andersen sampler were used to collect the samples. the number of spores of mesophilic fungi, thermotolerant fungi, thermophilic actinomycetes and fungi of the aspergillus glaucus group were determined in order to find possible causative agents of farmer's lung disease. the level of ...	1987	3478222
[fibrinolytic and thrombolytic properties of thiol-dependent serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris in vitro].	fibrinolytic and thrombolytic properties of the subtilisin-like thiol-dependent serine proteinase were studied. at concentrations from 50 to 4000 micrograms/ml the enzyme causes lysis of fibrin plates and activates plasminogen. at concentrations above 100 micrograms/ml it shows a pronounced thrombolytic effect on the clots formed in vitro from both plasma and human and rat blood. plasma inhibitors partly inactivate the thiol-dependent serine proteinase. the enzyme hydrolyses also fibrinogen, thr ...	1987	3481858
dot-immunobinding assay in the detection of igg antibodies against farmer's lung antigens.	circulating antibodies against faenia rectivirgula, thermoactinomyces candidus, t. vulgaris and aspergillus fumigatus were studied in the sera of 14 clinically proven farmer's lung patients and 10 normal controls using three immunological methods. these methods were agar gel double diffusion (dd), biotin-avidin-linked immunosorbent assay (balisa) and dot-immunobinding assay (diba). agar gel diffusion, the least sensitive of the three methods, failed to detect antibodies in some of the patients, ...	1988	3140016
immunomodulating properties of lymphocytes activated by farmer's lung associated bacterium thermoactinomyces vulgaris in vitro.	thermoactinomyces vulgaris, one of the aetiological agents of farmer's lung, was analysed for its ability to activate non-immune spleen lymphocytes from 10- to 14- week-old mice. the lymphocytes were found to exert both enhancing and suppressing signals after activation, depending on the secondary stimulation used. the enhancing effect is due to interleukin-2 secreted mainly by l3t4+ lymphocytes. the suppressive action is associated with lyt2+ lymphocytes, which are probably activated by prostag ...	1988	3264664
an epidemiological study on farmer's lung among hay grinders in dafeng county.	this article reports on an epidemiological survey of the presence of farmer's lung among 1054 farmers who grind moldy hay. the prevalence was 8.3-11.4%. the main pathogen was thermoactinomyces vulgaris. the factors which influenced farmer's lung were the moldy state of the hay and the dust concentration. the epidemiological features of farmer's lung are analyzed and discussed and certain preventive measures are suggested.	1988	3268105
experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis in the mouse: histologic and immunologic features and their modulation with cyclosporin a.	a murine model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (hp) was established with transnasally administered thermoactinomyces vulgaris (tv) bacilli. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) of experimental animals revealed marked increase in the total cell, lymphocyte, and macrophage numbers; the findings were similar to those in human hp. the bal lymphocytes were mostly thy 1.2 positive. lyt-1 positive cells predominated lyt-2 positive cells. anti-tv igg antibodies and delayed-type hypersensitivity footpad reaction ...	1988	3339196
[new fluorescent substrates for metalloendopeptidases with internal quenching of fluorescence].	p-nitroanilides of antranyloyltripeptides of the general structure abz-ala-ala-p'1-pna (p'1 = phe, leu, ile, val) containing intramolecularly quenched fluorescent groups (abz is a fluorogenic group and pna is a quencher of fluorescence) were prepared by combination of chemical and enzymatic methods. thermolysin and metalloproteinases from legionella pneumophila and thermoactinomyces species were shown to hydrolyse ala-p'1 bond of the peptides with simultaneous 4-7 fold increase in fluorescence. ...	1988	3422002
crystal structure of a complex between thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris and the leech inhibitor eglin.	thermitase, the thermostable alkaline protease from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, has been crystallised in a 1:1 complex with eglin, the inhibitor from the medical leech. two large crystals were grown, with cell dimensions of a = 49.3 a, b = 67.3 a, c = 90.5 a and space group p2(1)2(1)2(1). the crystals are relatively tightly packed with vm = 2.1 a3/da. three-dimensional data to 1.9 a have been recorded from one of these crystals. the orientation and position of the complex in the unit cell have b ...	1988	3042463
identification and characteristics of actinomycetes useful for semicontinuous treatment of domestic animal feces.	selected strains of actinomycetes useful for practicing semicontinuous treatment of swine and poultry feces were identified as streptomyces antibioticus s-4, s. puniceus n-50-2, s. nigrifaciens n-9-3, thermoactinomyces vulgaris hir-60, and thermomonospora viridis hir-50. these five obligately aerobic strains grew preferably on nonsterilized fresh swine feces in 24 h without any additives. they assimilated offensive volatile fatty acids in the swine and poultry feces. cultures of these five strai ...	1988	16347716
quantitative assessment of factors affecting the recovery of indigenous and released thermophilic bacteria from compost.	thermophilic actinomycetes and bacilli were recovered from mushroom compost by conventional dilution plating and sedimentation chamber-andersen sampler methods. excessive growth of thermophilic bacilli on dilution plates accounted for the poor recovery and limited diversity of actinomycete colonies, and this result was largely unaffected by the use of modified extraction procedures and diluents. assessment of the actinomycete population was more successfully achieved by applying the sedimentatio ...	1988	16347800
mast cells are important in the development of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. a study with mast-cell-deficient mice.	we have previously reported that c57b1/6 mice develop lung lesions similar to human hypersensitivity pneumonitis (hp) by repeated transnasal administration of thermoactinomyces vulgaris antigen. since the hp-like lesions were induced via respiratory route and by the causative antigen in human hp (farmer's lung), it seems that this murine model is useful for investigating the cell-to-cell interactions in human hp. to clarify the involvement of mast cells (mc) in the development of hp, t. vulgaris ...	1989	2476490
spontaneous regression in murine hypersensitivity pneumonitis: lack of immunological tolerance.	we have reported a murine model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (hp) by transnasal administration of thermoactinomyces vulgaris (tv) antigen and shown a potential usefulness in the study of the immunopathogenesis of hp. since we observed spontaneous regression (sr) of the lung lesions with continuous administration of tv antigen in our model of hp, attempts were made to study if sr is caused by immunological tolerance. the titers of anti-tv igg antibody in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ...	1989	2527204
distribution of clinically important thermophilic actinomycetes in vegetable substrates and soil in north-western india.	medically important thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from 218 (64%) of 341 samples of vegetable substrates and soil examined from sites in north-western india. thermoactinomyces vulgaris (t. candidus) was the commonest species, occurring in 56% of samples, followed by saccharomonospora viridis in 29%, thermoactinomyces thalpophilus in 27%, faenia rectivirgula (micropolyspora faeni) in 21% and thermoactinomyces sacchari in 14%. t. vulgaris and t. thalpophilus were isolated from all types ...	1989	2589849
comparative immunochemical analysis of five thermoactinomyces strains.	the antigen structures in mycelial extracts of 4 strains of thermoactinomyces vulgaris and 1 strain of thermoactinomyces candidus were compared using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. for immunological characterization, antigens were transferred electrophoretically to nitrocellulose membranes and blotted with t. vulgaris strain-specific antisera and with sera of farmer's lung patients. cross-reactions between the strains were also studied using immuno ...	1989	2613347
crystal structure of thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris at 2.2 a resolution.	the crystal structure of thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris has been determined by x-ray diffraction at 2.2 a resolution. the structure was solved by a combination of single isomorphous replacement and molecular replacement methods. the structure was refined to a conventional r factor of 0.24 using restrained least square procedures corels and prolsq. the tertiary structure of thermitase is similar to that of subtilsin bpn'. the greatest differences between these structures are related t ...	1989	2647518
[allergic alveolitis in agricultural workers, caused by thermophilic bacteria or fungi].	between 1976-1986 fifty-seven patients with farmer's lung have been diagnosed in hungary on the basis of data obtained from public institutes for tuberculosis. that are 0.08% of the 744,300 manual workers employed in agriculture and forestry. in the counties of borsod and szolnok the rate was 0.5% (referred to 62,900 and 36,000 individuals, respectively). regional accumulation of the different provoking agent's and variation of disease prevalence seem to be in correlation with geographical, clim ...	1989	2686222
crystallographic refinement by incorporation of molecular dynamics: thermostable serine protease thermitase complexed with eglin c.	in order to investigate the principles of protein thermostability, the crystal structure of thermitase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, a thermostable member of the subtilisin family of serine proteases, has been determined in a complex with eglin c. eglin c is a serine protease inhibitor from the leech hirudo medicinalis. after data collection with a television area-detector diffractometer and initial structure solution by molecular-replacement methods, crystallographic refinement proceeded wit ...	1989	2688688
farmer's lung in infants and small children.	a boy and a girl, 10 weeks and 3 years of age, respectively, were admitted to our department with low temperature, dry cough, fatigue and weight loss. in both patients pulmonary x-rays showed diffuse, bilateral, micronodular infiltrations, and sparse signs of fibrosis. serum igg and blood eosinophils were abnormally high. after a stay in hospital for 3 weeks, the patients recovered slowly. however, after a few days at home, they were readmitted with the same symptoms. family histories revealed t ...	1989	2719181
[the tresh dust lung syndrome in children].	farmer's lung, caused by the inhalation of microspores--particularly of the genus, thermoactinomyces--has been recognised for the past 30-40 years as a condition affecting adult farm workers, especially up to the mid-sixties when undried crops were still threshed indoors. although it used to be extremely rare in children, between 1985 and 1989 occurred five of the seven cases reported hitherto. the possibility is suggested that with the increasingly large scale use of grain drying plant and stub ...	1989	2734095
aeroallergens in dairy barns near cooperstown, new york and rochester, minnesota.	we sampled atmospheric barn air using a volumetric air sampler in ten barns near cooperstown, ny and six barns near rochester, mn, and, with radioimmunoassays, measured allergens of aspergillus fumigatus, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, micropolyspori faeni, short ragweed, rye grass group i pollen, alternaria (alt-1), dermatophagoides sp. lepidoglyphus destructor, common insect allergen, mouse urine, rat urine, and cattle epithelium. the most abundant allergen present was a. fumigatus followed by l. ...	1989	2764367
lymphocyte activation with release of soluble mediators induced by thermoactinomyces vulgaris in vitro.	murine spleen lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with a hypersensitivity pneumonitis-associated bacterium, thermoactinomyces vulgaris, were found to secrete interleukin-2 up to 7 days after mitomycin c blockade. they exerted helper effect in secondary mitogen or antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation. cyclosporin a, an inhibitor of interleukin-2 synthesis, caused a complete abrogation of the helper effect, suggesting that the effect was mainly due to interleukin-2. indomethacin, an inhibitor of p ...	1989	2785089
crystal structure of thermitase at 1.4 a resolution.	the crystal structure of thermitase, a subtilisin-type serine proteinase from thermoactinomyces vulgaris, was determined by x-ray diffraction at 1.4 a resolution. the structure was solved by a combination of molecular and isomorphous replacement. the starting model was that of subtilisin bpn' from the protein data bank, determined at 2.5 a resolution. the high-resolution refinement was based on data collected using synchrotron radiation with a fuji image plate as detector. the model of thermitas ...	1990	2196375