Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| dermatophilus congolensis infection in cattle. | the history, appearance and clinical course of a low incidence, chronic skin disease in beef cattle is reported. calves were affected from 3 months of age and the condition persisted into adulthood. the infection was caused by dermatophilus congolensis and resulted in severe crusting of the skin. sheep were kept on the farm until 4 years ago. the method of diagnosis is discussed. | 1986 | 3795225 |
| the prevalence of antibodies of brucella abortus, dermatophilus congolensis and bovine leukaemia virus in nigerian slaughter cattle. | in a pilot survey to compare the relative prevalence of three diseases in apparently healthy white fulani zebu (wfz) cattle slaughtered in nigeria, sera from 80 randomly selected animals with no significant gross lesions on ante mortem and post mortem inspection were examined for antibodies to brucella abortus, dermatophilus congolensis and bovine leukaemia virus. of the samples screened, 5.0, 8.8 and 2.0% showed serological evidence for brucellosis, cutaneous streptothricosis and bovine leukosi ... | 1987 | 3031868 |
| sequential production of specific antibodies in serum and at the skin surface of cattle following intradermal vaccination with dermatophilus congolensis. | studies of the temporal changes in specific antibody titres to d. congolensis in serum and washings from inoculated and uninoculated skin indicate that production of igg1 and igg2 antibody at the skin surface is a transudative process related to serum antibody concentration. transport of igm is likely to be based on a similar mechanism but that of iga appears to depend on a local secretory process. | 1987 | 3433657 |
| cellular responses in the skin of merino sheep to repeated inoculation with dermatophilus congolensis. | the cellular response in the skin of merino sheep was examined after three successive inoculations with dermatophilus congolensis. there was a massive neutrophil influx into the infected epidermis and underlying dermis at 4-10 days after the first inoculation. a lymphocyte-macrophage response occurred at 10-12 days, followed by a plasma cell response at 14-38 days. resolution of skin lesions after the first inoculation corresponded to the time when the plasma cell response in the skin was most i ... | 1987 | 3439011 |
| serum antibiotic concentration and bovine skin susceptibility to infection by dermatophilus congolensis. | 1987 | 3612944 | |
| serum and skin surface antibody responses in merino sheep given three successive inoculations with dermatophilus congolensis. | three antigens prepared from different phases of the life cycle of dermatophilus congolensis were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure serum and skin surface antibody responses in sheep after a first, second and third inoculation with d. congolensis. after the first inoculation, a strong antibody response to the flagella, filament and soluble antigens was detected after 7-21 days in the sera from sheep that were regularly biopsied; the antibody response at the skin surface was ... | 1987 | 3433654 |
| use of a monoclonal antibody in the diagnosis of infection by dermatophilus congolensis. | a monoclonal antibody (mcab) to dermatophilus congolensis was produced from murine hybridoma cultures and purified by affinity chromatography. species specificity was demonstrated using indirect immunofluorescent staining; the mcab was shown to react with 10 d congolensis isolates but not with 10 nocardia species isolates, a rhodococcus and a streptomyces species isolate. the mcab was used to demonstrate d congolensis in clinical material from confirmed bovine and ovine cases and presumptive equ ... | 1988 | 3062721 |
| [cattle dermatophilus congolensis dermatophilosis in the french west indies. i. characteristics of the lesions and serologic response]. | 1988 | 3217558 | |
| vaccination against ovine dermatophilosis. | zoospore, filamentous and soluble antigens were prepared from dermatophilus congolensis and examined for their ability to protect sheep from challenge with d. congolensis zoospores. in 1 experiment, sheep were vaccinated with antigens a, b and c. the number of sheep protected in the group vaccinated with antigen b was greater (p less than 0.05) than that in the unvaccinated group after challenge. the group vaccinated with antigen b had a higher antibody response (p less than 0.05) to antigen b t ... | 1988 | 3232317 |
| pitted keratolysis: a manifestation of human dermatophilosis. | a case of pitted keratolysis caused by dermatophilus congolensis is reported. the organism was isolated from the lesion and identified by its morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics. a survey of the literature revealed that it rarely causes human infections, but is a common causative agent of disease in domesticated and wild animals. human infections reported previously were traced to contact with infected animals or contaminated soil. we report pitted keratolysis in a 44-year-o ... | 1988 | 3243369 |
| [dermatophilus congolensis dermatophilosis in cattle in the french west indies. ii. susceptibility related to the animals]. | 1988 | 3253854 | |
| experimental vaccination of rats with dermatophilus congolensis zoospores. | the number of zoospores recoverable from the skin of rats five days after challenge with dermatophilus congolensis, was reduced if the rats had been injected intradermally with zoospores of this bacterium two weeks previously. the difference between zoospore recovery in vaccinated and control rats was increased when the challenge was applied to scarified skin. assays involving a 24-hour delay between scarification and challenge gave the greatest difference in zoospore recovery. in rats which had ... | 1988 | 3406539 |
| frequency of involvement of pox virions in lesions of bovine dermatophilosis. | by combined electron microscopical and serological methods the rate of involvement of pox virions within lesions of bovine natural dermatophilosis was determined. scabby lesions of 40 (77%) out of a total of 52 cases were positive for the virions, while sera of all infected animals which reacted positively for pox viral antibodies (lsd) was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in comparison to those of healthy-appearing animals. the virions in all cases had a uniform oval to cylindrical morp ... | 1988 | 2832984 |
| dermatophilus congolensis and "hairy" leukoplakia. | the authors report the first human case (to our knowledge) of infection of the oral mucosa by dermatophilus congolensis. septate branching filaments morphologically identical to those of d. congolensis were identified in the lingual epithelium of a male homosexual employed as an animal handler. this actinomycete is the cause of dermatophilosis, a proliferative exudative dermatitis affecting many animal species. clinical features suggested "hairy" leukoplakia (hl), a hyperkeratotic tongue lesion ... | 1988 | 2833853 |
| [dermatophilus congolensis bovine dermatophilosis in the french west indies. iii. a comparison between infected and non-infected cattle]. | the determination of the distinctive features between infected and uninfected cattle by dermatophilus has been performed among 93 bovine stock in la martinique, and 120 in la guadeloupe and saint-martin islands. nearly half of the herds had been or were infected. morbidity rates reach 33 per cent in la martinique and 29 per cent in la guadeloupe with a mortality ratio of 15 per cent and 5 per cent respectively. no frequency difference could be observed with respect to the season or the geographi ... | 1989 | 2485539 |
| new media for the isolation of dermatophilus congolensis. | 1989 | 2617678 | |
| inflammatory cell and immune function in merino sheep with chronic dermatophilosis. | components of inflammatory and immunological responses were compared in 17 merino sheep with chronic dermatophilosis (group 1) and 15 merino sheep that had recovered from the disease (group 2). the functions studied included: (i) total and differential white cell counts; (ii) phagocytic function and intracellular killing by neutrophils; (iii) humoral immune response to t-dependent and t-independent antigens and to dermatophilus congolensis. (iv) lymphocyte blastogenic responses to phytohaemagglu ... | 1989 | 2623798 |
| clinical and microbiological studies of dermatophilus congolensis infection in cattle. | 1989 | 2627009 | |
| the anti-bacterial activity of acaricides in relation to streptothricosis. | the anti-bacterial activity of 13 commercially available acaricides, in use in the caribbean, was tested against dermatophilus congolensis, an actinomycete involved in streptothricosis of cattle, sheep and goats in the tropics. acaricides used included organochloride, organophosphorus, carbamate, pyrethroid and amidine compounds. each acaricide was tested at a typical working dilution used by the farmers, at 25 degrees c and 37 degrees c, in the presence or absence of 15 percent newborn calf ser ... | 1989 | 2751760 |
| actions of bovine skin washings and sera on the motile zoospores of dermatophilus congolensis. | concentrated skin washings, even from vaccinated animals, failed to inhibit the motility of the infective zoospores of dermatophilus congolensis, or to prevent them from germinating or infecting cattle; their constituent immunoglobulins did not attach to the flagella although iga and igg2 did bind to the cell bodies. it is concluded that the specific antibodies at the skin surface of ruminants are unlikely to have a role in zoospore immobilisation. post vaccination sera rapidly immobilised and c ... | 1989 | 2799081 |
| natural dermatophilus congolensis infection in camels (camelus dromedarius) from kenya. | natural dermatophilus congolensis infection is found in many species of livestock and wild animals. it is, however, rarely described in camels and there are no details of bacterial isolation. in an investigation of both arid and semi-arid areas in kenya, an outbreak of dermatophilosis was observed in camel calves being reared on a commercial farm in a semi-arid area. histopathology and bacterial isolation were used to diagnose the diseases. the potential impact of the disease in camels is discus ... | 1990 | 2258468 |
| cellular immune responses of the rat to experimental infection with dermatophilus congolensis. | the host cell-mediated immune response was examined following experimentally-induced infection of rats with dermatophilus congolensis, the causal agent of the skin disease dermatophilosis. mononuclear cells (mc) isolated from wistar rats 10 days following the induction of a third infection underwent a strong and specific proliferative response, as assessed by a [3h]thymidine incorporation assay, when cultured with various concentrations of inactivated d. congolensis cocci. using specific monoclo ... | 1990 | 2281609 |
| inhibition of dermatophilus congolensis by substances produced by bacteria found on the skin. | bacteria, isolated from the skins of clinically normal sheep, were tested for inhibitory activity against dermatophilus congolensis grown in vitro. out of 85 bacterial isolates, 19, mainly bacillus spp., showed zones of inhibition when grown together with d. congolensis. the inhibitory activity was shown to be due to the metabolites released by the bacteria. | 1990 | 2353445 |
| the effect of recent vaccination on the dose-response to experimental dermatophilus congolensis infection in rabbits. | dermatophilus congolensis infection of rabbits was used to investigate the effects of active immunity on epidermal challenge following vaccination. rabbits (three groups of four) were vaccinated intradermally with live whole-cell preparations of d. congolensis strains ss18c and fd11 (groups ssvac and fdvac respectively); a third group (unvac) remained as unvaccinated controls. two weeks after vaccination, separate 1.5-cm2 clipped and ether-swabbed skin sites were inoculated with a 10-fold diluti ... | 1990 | 2324338 |
| the effect of energy malnutrition in ruminants on experimental infection with dermatophilus congolensis. | the ability of malnourished and optimally fed animals to resist infection with d. congolensis was assessed by the dose-response to experimental inoculation. the severity of infection, as measured by scoring the lesions, was the same in both groups of lambs. however marked differences were seen between the two groups in the appearance of scabs and in the time taken for them to resolve. the malnourished animals had more persistent, chronic lesions compared with the more obvious, acute type lesions ... | 1990 | 2079551 |
| survival of dermatophilus congolensis in tropical clay soils submitted to different water potentials. | the survival of a rifampicin-resistant mutant of dermatophilus congolensis in vertisol and oxisol soils from guadeloupe and in their constitutive clays was studied using a pneumatic device for controlling water potentials (pf). experiments were carried out at two pf values simulating the wet season and the dry season. survival time depended on the type of soil and its water content. organic matter had a protective effect on the microorganism in oxisol but not in vertisol. the pathogenicity of d. ... | 1991 | 1746153 |
| the effect of malnutrition on vaccination against dermatophilus congolensis infection in ruminants. | vaccination against dermatophilus congolensis was carried out in groups of lambs raised on optimal or energy deficient diets. the groups differed significantly in weight, body condition score and plasma total protein and albumin. all animals were then challenged with d. congolensis in a dose response infection model. the vaccine was effective in the well nourished animals, reducing the number of affected lambs in the vaccinated group and the severity of the lesions and increasing the minimum dos ... | 1991 | 1918452 |
| quantification of keratinolytic activity from dermatophilus congolensis. | the bacterium dermatophilus congolensis is the causative agent of pitted keratolysis, a skin disease. infection occurs mainly in keratinized tissues and it is necessary for the organism to produce and excrete exoenzymes which are able to degrade keratin. we investigated the amount of keratinase liberated using keratinazure as substrate and the fungal protease xi as standard. when compared with uninoculated samples, d. congolensis liberated significant amounts of keratinase during a 12-day incuba ... | 1991 | 1711646 |
| strain variation in dermatophilus congolensis demonstrated by cross-protection studies. | cross-protection studies were conducted with vaccines prepared from two isolates of dermatophilus congolensis (designated strain 1 and strain 2). the vaccines were prepared as either heat-inactivated, washed, formalized filamentous phase bacterium, mixed with alum as an adjuvant, and inoculated intramuscularly (type a vaccine) or sedimented live filaments inoculated intradermally (type b vaccine). the vaccinated sheep were challenged with d. congolensis zoospores of one or other strain. challeng ... | 1991 | 1949551 |
| in vitro and in vivo inhibition of dermatophilus congolensis by coagulase-negative antibiotic-producing staphylococci from pigs. | when tested on solid media the growth of 19 dermatophilus congolensis strains was inhibited by antibiotic-producing staphylococci isolated from pigs. two strains, d congolensis d11 and d15, which were very sensitive to the producers and caused lesions of dermatophilosis in a mouse model, were further used to investigate the ability of the producers to inhibit lesion formation by the strains of d congolensis. the simultaneous application of the antibiotic-producing staphylococci and d congolensis ... | 1991 | 2034908 |
| evaluation of vaccines against ovine dermatophilosis. | intradermal vaccination of live crude filaments (vaccine a) was compared with a vaccine (vaccine b) consisting of a 45 kd zoospore protein and mucoid material coating filaments in its ability to protect sheep from experimental dermatophilus congolensis infection. fourteen and 21 days after challenge, vaccine a sheep had fewer lesions (p less than 0.001) than the vaccine b sheep. the lesions on the vaccine a sheep were also less severe 14 and 21 days after challenge (p less than 0.05, p less than ... | 1991 | 2048284 |
| immunodominant antigens of zoospores from ovine isolates of dermatophilus congolensis. | zoospores of dermatophilus congolensis were analysed by sds-page and western blotting. the electrophoretic profiles of zoospores from 13 isolates of d. congolensis were similar but not identical when stained with coomassie blue or silver. immunodominant polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 76 and 31 kda were identified in western blots of 13 of 13 and 12 of 13 isolates respectively of d. congolensis reacted with hyperimmune, ovine, antizoospore sera. identical immunodominant polypeptid ... | 1992 | 1455626 |
| [the first isolation of dermatophilus congolensis van saceghem 1913 in czechoslovakia]. | the authors present a report on the first detection of the strain dermatophilus congolensis in czechoslovakia. the strain was isolated from ulcerations on the dorsal part of the foot of a 47-year-old patient who previously worked for several years in libya. based on examinations of smears from cultures of an isolated strain and four strains from a collection, from experimental dermatofilosis of a rabbit the authors describe the micromorphology of strains of d. congolensis under a light and elect ... | 1992 | 1464078 |
| relationship between chronic ovine dermatophilosis and levels of t6 lymphocyte antigen staining in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | quantification of a t6-lymphocyte antigen in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of sheep was used to select 15 from 48 one year old merino ewes not previously exposed to dermatophilus congolensis infection. these sheep were compared in response to challenge with d. congolensis zoospores and levels of t-6 lymphocyte antigen in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with 15 merino ewes of similar age and strain from a different site that had been treated and recovered from chronic dermatophilosis. the ... | 1992 | 1557900 |
| hemolytic interactions of dermatophilus congolensis. | the strains of dermatophilus congolensis grew on blood agar with washed sheep erythrocytes with marked total hemolysis. in testing for hemolytic interactions they gave a significant synergistic effect of a characteristic shape with rhodococcus equi and streptococcus agalactiae, whereas with staphylococcus aureus producing beta hemolysin and with staphylococcus aureus producing delta hemolysin a simultaneous synergistic as well as antagonistic effect were observed. first of all a conspicuous inhi ... | 1992 | 1621476 |
| experimental dermatophilosis. | the histopathologic features of an experimental dermatophilosis of rabbit skin were described. the strain of dermatophilus congolensis used for the experimental infection was obtained from the unique isolation and cultivation of this actinomycete from the ulcerous leg lesion of one male patient. further strains in experiment came from the collections of type cultures. the experimental infection was characterized as an exudative and crustal dermatitis with acanthosis and subcorneal abscesses. bra ... | 1992 | 1455941 |
| dermatophilosis in camels (camelus dromedarius linnaeus, 1758) in kenya. | natural dermatophilosis (caused by dermatophilus congolensis van saceghem, 1915) has only recently been described in camels (camelus dromedarius). further work has shown that the disease is actually widespread. at the ol maisor farm where it was first diagnosed (in the laikipia district of northern kenya), detailed investigations have revealed that thirty camels (ten calves and twenty adult animals) were infected. the signs varied from mild to more than 50% skin involvement. patches of wool on t ... | 1992 | 1305855 |
| the effect of inflammatory and hypersensitive reactions, in response to the feeding of the tick amblyomma variegatum, on the progression of experimental dermatophilosis infections. | initial infestations of amblyomma variegatum larvae and nymphs, on rabbits and sheep respectively, produced inflammatory reactions in the host's skin; repeated infestations resulted in an increase in development of delayed type hypersensitive reactions. dermatophilus congolensis cocci were applied in titrated doses to hosts at sites of inflammatory or hypersensitive reactions to ticks, and to control hosts with no exposure to ticks. we assessed the resulting infections for three weeks and found ... | 1993 | 7628231 |
| the local effect of hypersensitive or inflammatory reactions to nymphal amblyomma variegatum on simultaneous infections with dermatophilus congolensis. | amblyomma variegatum nymphs were applied to sites infected with dermatophilus congolensis on eight rabbits. four rabbits were previously sensitized to the feeding of nymphal a. variegatum to produce hypersensitive reactions to the tick feeding; the remaining four rabbits had no previous exposure to nymphal a. variegatum and produced inflammatory reactions to the tick feeding. the resulting dermatophilosis infections were assessed for three weeks and there was a correlation between the position o ... | 1993 | 7628235 |
| heterogeneity among dermatophilus congolensis isolates demonstrated by restriction fragment length polymorphisms. | there is evidence of antigenic diversity and of differences in virulence in dermatophilus congolensis. for the understanding of the epidemiology of dermatophilosis it is important to distinguish between strains of the organism. twenty field isolates from cattle in chad and cameroon, and an american reference strain, have been examined on restriction fragment length polymorphisms. after restriction enzyme digestion of dna by bamhi and southern blotting, a rdna probe consisting of plasmid pmc5 car ... | 1993 | 7907804 |
| culture filtrate proteins of dermatophilus congolensis. | in previous studies on the antigens of dermatophilus congolensis very little attention has been given to the hyphae and to excreted-secreted products (esp) of actively growing bacteria. in this study we have grown four isolates of d. congolensis in a serum free synthetic liquid culture medium based on rpmi 1640. diafiltration and ultrafiltration were used to prepare esp from infected culture fluid. these methods produced sufficient quantities of esp that the polypeptide profiles of the four isol ... | 1993 | 7510898 |
| antigenicity of dermatophilus congolensis hemolysin. | the separated cell-free form of hemolytic exosubstance was obtained from five strains of dermatophilus congolensis. three strains produced exosubstance with high activity, two strains produced exosubstance with lower intensity of activity. the separated forms exhibited the same hemolytic interactions as the native forms produced by growing strains, namely the antagonism with staphylococcal beta hemolysin and the synergism with staphylococcal delta hemolysin, streptococcal camp factor and rhodoco ... | 1993 | 8342370 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the epidemiological survey of dermatophilus congolensis infection in camels (camelus dromedarius). | the breeding of camels (camelus dromedarius) is especially important in arid and semi-arid areas of africa, where drought and famine frequently occur. a number of diseases which impair camel production have recently been described, including dermatophilosis (caused by dermatophilus congolensis). however, it is not possible to determine the prevalence of infection from clinical cases alone. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has therefore been developed to determine the epidemiological prevalen ... | 1993 | 8400399 |
| dermatophilus congolensis infection (dermatophilosis) in animals and man! an update. | dermatophilus congolensis infection (dermatophilosis) is an acute, subacute or chronic skin disease affecting a wide range of species of animals and man. it is world widely distributed but more prevalent in the humid, tropics and subtropics. the disease is now being reviewed in detail. in the present review, the geographical distribution, history and nomenclature, animal hosts affected, aetiological agent and clinical signs of the disease are discussed extensively. emphasis is also given on the ... | 1993 | 8403836 |
| cellular responses in experimental chronic and acute dermatophilosis infections of sheep. | the cellular infiltrate into the dermis in dermatophilosis lesions is composed of a range of cell types. the aim of this study was to establish if the composition of the cellular infiltrate in chronic lesions was different from that in healing lesions. experimental dermatophilus congolensis infections of sheep were used to study the sequential changes in cell types during the course of chronic and acute infections. infestations of adult amblyomma variegatum ticks were used to produce chronic les ... | 1993 | 8134642 |
| study of efficacy of lamstreptocide a & b on cases of dermatophilosis within the caribbean. | the efficacy of lamstreptocide a & b was studied on 9 natural cases of bovine and caprine dermatophilosis in 8 different farms in st. kitts, employing standard histopathologic and bacteriological methods. the lesions of 5 of the treated cases were dried-up, and there was marked peeling-off of scabs of a severely affected case exposing erythematous underlying tissue, at 3 weeks post-application of the product. apart from 3 mild cases which were not available for follow-up studies and which were r ... | 1993 | 8134646 |
| the systemic effect of adult and immature amblyomma variegatum ticks on the pathogenesis of dermatophilosis. | the systemic effect of adult and nymphal amblyomma variegatum on the pathogenesis of experimental infections of dermatophilus congolensis was investigated. three groups of four sheep were used with all 12 sheep being infected with identical titrated doses of d. congolensis one group of sheep was simultaneously infested with adult a. variegatum the second with nymphal a. variegatum and the third group were the controls, with no exposure to ticks. assessment of the resulting infections indicate th ... | 1993 | 8134648 |
| epidemiological studies on dermatophilosis in the caribbean. | dermatophilosis is one of the most important diseases of domestic ruminants in the caribbean islands where the clinical disease has been shown to be associated with the presence of the tick amblyomma variegatum. seroepidemiological studies were conducted to clarify the epidemiology of the disease in the region with a particular attention paid to the role of a. variegatum. a bank of 1300 cattle sera from the lesser antilles was screened by elisa for the presence of antibodies to dermatophilus con ... | 1993 | 8161379 |
| enzymatic activities of dermatophilus congolensis measured by api zym. | api zym kit was used to test enzymatic activities on eighteen strains of dermatophilus congolensis. all strains produced lipase and acid phosphatase, which act on lipids, and leucine arylamidase which act on proteins. another 10 exoenzymes were present in at least one of the strains. | 1993 | 8296446 |
| dermatophilosis in sheep: first report in italy, experimental reproduction and evaluation of immune response. | a severe exudative-crustous and proliferous dermatitis in a 2 year old sheep caused by dermatophilus congolensis (observed for the first time in italy), is reported. the disease was reproduced experimentally in sheep, goats, rabbits and guinea pigs, whose skin was treated in different ways before infection. e.l.i.s.a. and immunoblotting tests carried out in experimentally infected sheep, showed the antigenic complexity of the pathogen and the existence of cross-immunity to the protein components ... | 1993 | 8003293 |
| dermatophilus congolensis human infection. | four cases of human dermatophilosis observed in rio de janeiro, brazil, are reported. data that suggest nail infection by dermatophilus congolensis are presented. the clinical spectrum of the disease ranged from an asymptomatic infection to a pustular eruption. our findings suggest that epidermal langerhans cells play a role in the pathogenesis of the infection. | 1993 | 8340513 |
| development of a single dilution elisa to detect antibody to dermatophilus congolensis in goat and cattle sera. | a solid phase immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies to dermatophilus congolensis in ruminant sera was developed to be used as a single dilution elisa in large epidemiological surveys. optimal conditions for the test are described. the use of blocking proteins to reduce non specific binding was necessary. non fat dry cow milk and fetal calf serum were the only two efficient blocking agents out of six tested. comparison of 4 antigenic fractions obtained after sonication and differential centrif ... | 1993 | 8447078 |
| variation in cultural, morphological, biochemical properties and infectivity of australian isolates of dermatophilus congolensis. | recent vaccination studies with dermatophilus congolensis showed that variation of challenge strains had a considerable influence on protection afforded by the vaccines. in this study cultural, morphological and biochemical properties of 30 d. congolensis isolates from throughout australian were investigated. the infective dose required to produce lesions of equivalent severity by these isolates for sheep, rabbits and guinea pigs was also examined and the isolates were grouped into four clusters ... | 1993 | 8128605 |
| experimental dermatophilosis in murine models of immunodeficiency. | gnotobiotic mice with congenital immune deficiencies were infected with the skin pathogen dermatophilus congolensis. athymic (nude) mice with t cell deficiency were less susceptible than nude mice which also carried the beige mutation (beige-nude) with nk cell and granulocyte defects, as part of the murine equivalent of chediak-higashi syndrome. the additional presence of the x-linked immunodeficiency gene in other beige mutant mice, giving reduced b cell responsiveness, did not increase their s ... | 1993 | 8134640 |
| temporal changes in the granulocytic responses to experimental infection of the skin of mice and sheep with dermatophilus congolensis. | the patterns of dermal inflammatory cell response to infection with dermatophilosis congolensis were determined in mice and sheep from histological samples taken before and at intervals after topical application of infective zoospores to ether-swabbed skin. neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and mast cells were identified by histochemical staining. temporal changes in the b cell, t cell, and mhc class ii+ dendritic cell populations form part of a separate report. the filamentous stages of the b ... | 1993 | 8166871 |
| effects of severe chronic scrotal dermatophilus congolensis (kirchi) infection on semen characteristics in zebu/friesian crossbred bulls and effect of long-acting terramycin chemotherapy. | the semen characteristics of 12 zebu/friesian crossbred bulls, aged 2 to 3 years, were studied during a 21-month period. at the 12th month of the study, the commencement of the rainy season, the bulls were infected naturally with dermatophilus congolensis . lesions were scattered over the body and limbs, but were particularly pronounced on the scrotum. monthly treatments with injection of terramycin were begun as soon as lesions were detected and continued until the end of the study. the lesions ... | 1993 | 16727308 |
| in vitro studies of dermatophilus congolensis antimicrobial susceptibility by determining minimal inhibitory and bacteriocidal concentrations. | the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimal bacteriocidal concentration (mbc) of 19 antimicrobials on 16 isolates of d. congolensis were determined. the potential field efficacy of the agents was evaluated by comparing the results with serum levels of drug unbound to proteins and the in vitro and in vivo findings of other authors. a modified standard microtechnique was used for serial dilution-antimicrobial sensitivity and found to be easy and reproducible. erythromycin, spiramycin, p ... | 1994 | 8025850 |
| an indirect fluorescent antibody technique for detection of anti-dermatophilus congolensis antibodies in sheep. | an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) technique has been developed for detection of anti-dermatophilus antibodies in sheep. sera from 25 bacteriologically confirmed clinically affected sheep and from 10 negative non affected lambs were used. whole cell antigen from brain heart infusion cultures of d. congolensis was used and all sera were tested in the same way for cross-reactivity against antigens obtained from cultures of actinomyces viscosus, micrococcus luteus, nocardia asteroides, and cory ... | 1994 | 7941032 |
| dermatophilosis (cutaneous streptothricosis) in kafue lechwe (kobus leche kafuensis). | extensive dermatitis caused by dermatophilus congolensis was identified in two kafue lechwe (kobus leche kafuensis) in lochinvar national park of zambia. the lesions were characterized by thickening of the skin, crusts, and nodfule formation. almost all parts of the body were affected. histologically there was an exudative dermatitis with acanthosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, and an exudate rich in neutrophils. this is the first known report of dermatophilosis in lechwe. | 1994 | 7760496 |
| isolation of dermatophilus congolensis phage from the 'lumpy wool' of sheep in western australia. | a lytic phage with species-specific activity was isolated from wool samples infected with the actinomycete dermatophilus congolensis, the agent of 'lumpy wool', collected from properties in western australia. the physiochemical properties, plaque morphology, host range and particle morphology of the phage isolated were characterized. the isolated phage reduced the cell numbers of dermatophilus congolensis on infected wool samples in vitro. it may therefore have potential as a biocontrol agent of ... | 1995 | 7766113 |
| prevalence in india of dermatophilus congolensis infection in clinical specimens from animals and humans. | a total of 257 samples (from 51 cattle, 43 buffalo, 32 goats, 25 dogs, 23 horses, 14 fowl, 9 camels, 7 rabbits, 5 donkeys, 4 antelopes, 3 pigs, 2 monkeys, 1 bear and 38 humans, all with cutaneous disorders) were examined for the presence of dermatophilus congolensis using standard microbiological techniques. dermatophilus was identified in 14 specimens (5.45%) both by direct microscopy and by cultural isolation of the pathogen from cutaneous specimens. the infection was recorded in 2 humans, 6 c ... | 1995 | 8593415 |
| [dermatophilus congolensis infection in brandenburg]. | at first time dermatophilus (d.) congolensis-infection was diagnosed in brandenburg in 3 sheep herds and in one horse, which had contact to diseased sheep. the causative agent was introduced from west-germany probably. cause of the disease was influenced by a longer rain period and by secondary infections through staph. aureus var. ovis. the morbidity came up to 90%, the mortality of lambs was 10%. clinical picture, diagnostic and control of the disease are described. economical losses are cause ... | 1995 | 7600948 |
| genetic analysis of dermatophilus spp. using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. | multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to examine a collection of 41 mainly australian isolates of dermatophilus congolensis that had been cultured from sheep, cattle, horses, a goat, a marsupial and chelonids. allelic variation was examined at 16 enzyme loci. the isolates were divided into eight distinct electrophoretic types (ets) with a mean genetic diversity per locus of 0.41. the three isolates from chelonids represented a distinct clone in et 1 which was separated from the remaining cl ... | 1995 | 7734826 |
| dermatophilus chelonae sp. nov., isolated from chelonids in australia. | three isolates of a previously undescribed dermatophilus sp. obtained from chelonids (two strains obtained from turtles and one strain obtained from a tortoise) were compared with 30 dermatophilus congolensis isolates obtained from australian mammals. the microscopic appearance, the colony morphology, and most biochemical test results for the chelonid isolates were characteristic of the genus dermatophilus. our isolates differed from the mammalian d. congolensis isolates in a number of cultural ... | 1995 | 7857807 |
| an amino acid sequence coded by the exon 2 of the bola drb3 gene associated with a bola class i specificity constitutes a likely genetic marker of resistance to dermatophilosis in brahman zebu cattle of martinique (fwi). | one hundred and twenty-seven brahman cattle from several locations in martinique (fwi), reared under different environmental conditions, were followed over three years and checked for clinical signs of dermatophilosis. to confirm that these animals had been in contact with the pathogen dermatophilus congolensis, their sera were tested by elisa. on the basis of this epidemiological study, 12 animals were classified as resistant (seropositive without clinical signs), belonging to herds in which th ... | 1996 | 8784500 |
| the pathogenesis of dermatophilosis. | pathogen, host and environmental factors must be considered in order to understand the pathogenesis of dermatophilosis. a frequently cited sequence of events involves physical damage to the skin, bacterial multiplication in the epidermis, repeated cycles of invasion by hyphae, infiltration by neutrophils and exudate, regeneration of epidermis and reinvasion. this paper is concerned with pathogen driven mechanisms involved in the origin and development of dermatophilus congolensis infections. pri ... | 1996 | 8809989 |
| the responses of lucilia cuprina to odours from sheep, offal and bacterial cultures. | the responses of gravid female lucilia cuprina to odours from sheep urine, faeces and gut mucus, and to odours from liver/sodium sulphide mixtures was tested using a bioassay which measured the movement and probing response of walking flies. the same bioassay was used to test the response to odours from cultures of bacteria isolated from liver/sodium sulphide and liver/water mixtures. a significant movement towards odours from faeces, gut mucus and urine was observed. odours from cultures of the ... | 1997 | 9061678 |
| dermatophilus congolensis: strain differences in expression of phospholipase activities. | interactions between dermatophilus congolensis strains and with other bacteria of known haemolytic activities were used to elucidate the complex nature of haemolytic activities present in various d. congolensis strains. this was further analysed by measuring their specific phospholipase activities against defined substrates by thin layer chromatography. d. congolensis strains demonstrated haemolytic interactions (synergistic or antagonistic) with other d. congolensis strains and also other speci ... | 1997 | 9355255 |
| use of degenerate primers and heat-soaked polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to clone a serine protease antigen from dermatophilus congolensis. | serine proteases are thought to be involved in the initial attack on sheep skin by dermatophilus congolensis and are obvious antigens for inclusion in a vaccine to prevent lumpy wool disease (dermatophilosis). degenerate primers were designed after alignment of seven bacterial serine proteases. inosine was incorporated into the primers at positions of three- and four-base redundancy, and this reduced the complexity of the primer mixtures from several thousand to sixteen different sequences for e ... | 1997 | 9429897 |
| [hemolysis and hemolytic interactions of bacteria]. | the review contains data on haemolytically active bacteria important in medical microbiology, human or veterinary. attention is paid to haemolytically active bacterial metabolites, especially those which produce synergistic or antagonistic haemolytic reactions above all with staphylococcal haemolysins alpha, beta and delta, with corynebacterial phospholipase d, with rhodococcal equi factor and with the haemolysin of dermatophilus congolensis. the general usage of the term "camp factor" for all m ... | 1997 | 9471300 |
| suspected dermatophilosis in an adult orangutan (pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus). | an adult female bornean orangutan (pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus) had a pruritic, vesicular skin disease, particularly of the extremities, trunk, and face. over a 2-yr course, symptoms resolved only transiently after corticosteroid treatment. antibiotic treatment and withdrawal of all corticosteroids resulted in complete recovery of the animal and return to normal activity patterns. on the basis of the dermal histopathologic lesions, dermatophilus congolensis was suspected as the causative organism, a ... | 1997 | 9365949 |
| electrophoretic and antigenic characterisation of dermatophilus congolensis extracellular products. | dermatophilus congolensis is the causative agent of bovine dermatophilosis and lumpy wool in sheep. two field isolates of d. congolensis, one each from a cow in ghana and a sheep in scotland, were cultured for 24-72 h in a synthetic medium based on rpmi-1640. culture filtrates were examined by sds-page and considered to contain extracellular products released by growing hyphae and filaments. electrophoretic profiles of culture filtrates of the two isolates contained common bands and bands that w ... | 1997 | 9460195 |
| bacteriological study of ethiopian isolates of dermatophilus congolensis. | 1998 | 9719842 | |
| preliminary characterisation of extracellular serine proteases of dermatophilus congolensis isolates from cattle, sheep and horses. | dermatophilus congolensis is a filamentous branching actinomycete that causes dermatophilosis, an exudative dermatitis in ruminants. the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly understood and virulence factors of d. congolensis have not been characterised. culture filtrate (cf) of 14 d. congolensis isolates from cattle, 15 from sheep and four from horses were examined for proteolytic activity using azocasein as a non-specific substrate. the isolates were from a variety of geographical locations. ... | 1998 | 9791878 |
| [phenotypic characterization of equine dermatophilus congolensis field isolates]. | in 1993 and 1994 a highly increased occurrence of equine dermatophilosis was observed, and a study was initiated to determine phenotypic heterogeneity among 120 clinical isolates using biochemistry, antibiotic resistance profiles, membrane protein profiles and western blotting. the biochemical examinations contained 1% equine serum in medium. moreover, the api zym-test from biomérieux was used. the biochemical reactions were suited to identify dermatophilus congolensis but did not allow a differ ... | 1998 | 9818459 |
| outbreaks of dermatophilus congolensis infection in camels (camelus dromedarius) from the butana region in eastern sudan. | natural dermatophilus congolensis infection of camels has been reported in kenya in semi-arid areas. research is being conducted to discover how widespread the condition is in neighbouring countries with similar eco-climatic conditions. severe skin infections of camels from the butana region of eastern sudan were examined. the infections were first found in two herds of adult camels, of which 50%-75% of the animals were affected. in the other thirteen herds examined, camel calves were more likel ... | 1998 | 9850545 |
| an outbreak of a mixed infection of dermatophilus congolensis and microsporum gypseum in camels (camelus dromedarius) in saudi arabia. | although both dermatophilus congolensis and microsporum gypseum infections have been reported separately in camels, mixed infection involving both agents has not been reported to date. the authors describe a mixed infection of d. congolensis and m. gypseum in camels reared on a dairy farm in saudi arabia. a total of 131 out of 559 camels (23.4%) were affected. forty-eight camels less than one year of age had discrete, circumscribed, crusty, hairless lesions, found in particular on the neck and f ... | 1998 | 9850546 |
| immune responses to dermatophilus congolensis infections. | complex mechanisms underly the establishment of dermatophilosis, an exudative and proliferative skin disease of ruminants. this multicomponent system involves the bacterium dermatophilus congolensis, transmission by various routes including flies, host genetic factors and immunosuppression by amblyomma variegatum ticks. here, nick ambrose and colleagues summarize recent evidence for an association between a. variegatum and severe chronic dermatophilosis in cattle. breed-based differences in resi ... | 1999 | 10377534 |
| a comparison of extracted proteins of isolates of dermatophilus congolensis by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting. | antigenic diversity within a collection of 18 isolates of dermatophilus congolensis from different continents was examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and by western blotting with sera from cattle with clinical dermatophilosis using whole cell extracts obtained by three methods and one extract of extracellular products of d. congolensis. one of the methods involving the release of a lysostaphin-solubilized protein (lsp) of whole cells of d. congolensi ... | 1999 | 10466501 |
| isolation of dermatophilus congolensis from a cat. | dermatophilus congolensis was isolated from a cat with dermatitis. the isolate was sensitive to oxytetracyclin, streptomycin and penicillin but resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, gentamycin and cefoperazone. | 2000 | 10763386 |
| [a diagnostic medium for arcanobacterium haemolyticum and other bacterial species reacting with hemolytic synergism to the equi-factor of rhodococcus equi]. | colonies of arcanobacterium haemolyticum on common blood agar can be easily overlooked. therefore a diagnostic medium was developed, on which a. haemolyticum colonies produce a conspicuous zone of complete hemolysis. the medium under question is blood agar prepared from the columbia blood agar base and 5% washed sheep erythrocytes sensitised with equi factor (ef) of rhodococcus equi. optimally, 10 activity units (au) of ef per 1 ml were used. ef was titrated on a non-nutrient medium consisting o ... | 2000 | 11040494 |
| survival of dermatophilus congolensis under laboratory conditions in nigeria. | 2001 | 11517986 | |
| dermatophilus congolensis infection in goats in tanzania. | when goats in eastern tanzania were screened for skin diseases, dermatophilus congolensis was isolated from the skin lesions in 8 of 484 animals examined. in one severely affected case, the disease was also characterized by histological studies (gram stain, giemsa stain and routine he studies) and electron microscopy. the histological picture was characterized by hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis, folliculitis and an inflammatory cellular reaction involving the epidermis. gram stain and ... | 2001 | 11556616 |
| dermatophilosis of alpine chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) in italy. | a proliferative dermatitis similar to the condition generally referred to as strawberry footrot was observed in two alpine chamois (rupicapra rupicapra) from eastern alps, italy. branching septated filaments and packets of pas-positive coccoid organisms were observed in histological sections of the affected skin. the actinomycete, dermatophilus congolensis, was isolated from crusted lesions in one chamois. as wild ruminants are presumed to be a reservoir of infection in the alpine area, the auth ... | 2002 | 11980380 |
| a simple random amplified polymorphic dna genotyping method for field isolates of dermatophilus congolensis. | dermatophilus congolensis is the pathogenic actinomycete that causes dermatophilosis in cattle, lumpy wool in sheep and rain scald in horses. phenotypic variation between isolates has previously been described, but its genetic basis, extent and importance have not been investigated. standard dna extraction methods are not always successful for d. congolensis due to its complex life cycle, one stage of which is encapsulated. here we describe the development of rapid and reliable dna extraction an ... | 2002 | 12019944 |
| kineosphaera limosa gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel gram-positive polyhydroxyalkanoate-accumulating coccus isolated from activated sludge. | a high-g+c gram-positive, motile, non-spore-forming coccus capable of accumulating significant amounts of polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) was isolated from an inefficient biological phosphorus removal activated sludge reactor. the cell wall of strain lpha5t was characterized by the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid, menaquinone mk-8(h4) and a complex fatty-acid pattern consisting of c16:0 and at least five other major straight-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. strain lpha5t also had a h ... | 2002 | 12361296 |
| study on skin diseases in sheep from northern ethiopia. | a study was conducted to determine the cause and prevalence of skin diseases in local sheep from northern ethiopia. of 520 sheep examined 174 (33%) had skin diseases of different causes. the identified causes were lice infestation due to damalina ovis and linognatus africanus (21%), sheep pox (8%), sarcoptic mange (sarcoptic scab. var. ovis) (4%), dermatophilosis due to dermatophilus congolensis (3%), and orf (contagious ecthyma) (3%). there was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) associatio ... | 2003 | 12596667 |
| selection assisted by a bola-dr/dq haplotype against susceptibility to bovine dermatophilosis. | bovine dermatophilosis is a severe skin infection of tropical ruminants inducing a severe loss in productivity and a 15% mortality rate. this disease is caused by the actinomycete bacterium dermatophilus congolensis associated with the tick amblyomma variegatum. currently there are no prospects for a vaccine, and acaricide or antibiotic control is hampered by the development of chemoresistance. animal breeders have observed that dermatophilosis susceptibility seems to be determined genetically, ... | 2003 | 12927091 |
| characterisation of an extracellular serine protease gene (nasp gene) from dermatophilus congolensis. | a partial amino acid sequence of a serine protease from dermatophilus congolensis allowed the design of oligonucleotide primers that were complemented with additional ones from previously published partial sequences of the gene encoding the enzyme. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), using combinations of specific and degenerate oligonucleotide primers, allowed the amplification of a 1738-bp internal fragment of the gene, which was finally characterised by inverse pcr as the first full-length s ... | 2004 | 14769466 |
| identification of an alkaline ceramidase gene from dermatophilus congolensis. | a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) procedure was used to identify a specific 0.6 kb dna fragment unique to dermatophilus congolensis. this 0.6 kb fragment was evaluated as a specific dna probe and used to design oligonucleotide primers for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification. the nucleotide sequences adjacent to this dna fragment were determined by inverse pcr allowing the identification of a 4.1 kb sequence. analysis of this revealed a complete open reading frame (orf) with a h ... | 2004 | 15019113 |
| evaluation of randomly amplified polymorphic dna and pulsed field gel electrophoresis techniques for molecular typing of dermatophilus congolensis. | this study aimed to evaluate molecular typing methods useful for standardization of strains in experimental work on dermatophilosis. fifty dermatophilus congolensis isolates, collected from sheep, cattle, horse and a deer, were analyzed by randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) method using twenty-one different primers, and the results were compared with those obtained by typing with a pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) method using the restriction digest enzyme sse8387i. the typeability ... | 2004 | 15500984 |
| hplc quantification of two isomeric triterpenic acids isolated from mitracarpus scaber and antimicrobial activity on dermatophilus congolensis. | oleanolic (oa) and ursolic acids (ua) were isolated for the first time from the alcoholic extract of mitracarpus scaber possessing antimicrobial effects on dermatophilus congolensis. these two triterpenic acids were also active (mic 15 microg/ml) on this causative agent of dermatophilosis in african animals. to quantify oa and ua in m. scaber, a new, simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method compatible with ms detection was developed and validated. the mobile phase ac ... | 2005 | 16043321 |
| renitelo cattle dermatophilosis and pcr-rflp analysis of mhc gene. | renitelo breed is a cattle breed created at kianjasoa station (madagascar) by a triple crossing malagasy zebu x limousine x afrikander. this breed besides many valuable advantages, such as rapid growth and drought power, presents a huge disadvantage which is sensitivity to skin disease, dermatophilosis, previously known as streptotrichosis. this disease caused by dermatophilus congolensis is one of the major threats for the population of renitelo cattle. an allele of mhc gene has been shown to b ... | 2006 | 17135556 |
| pustular dermatitis caused by dermatophilus congolensis. | we describe a case of pustular dermatitis in a 15-year-old girl who had just returned from horseback riding camp. based on gram staining, colony characteristics, biochemical reactions, and whole-cell fatty acid analysis, the causative agent was identified as dermatophilus congolensis. the literature contains few reports of human infection with this organism. | 2007 | 17376877 |
| atypical dermatophilosis of sheep in kenya. | an outbreak of an atypical form of ovine dermatophilosis affecting the lips and muzzle with a very high morbidity in weaners and hoggets in kenya is reported. clinical diagnosis of ovine dermatophilosis was made and confirmed by direct microscopic examination as well as isolation and identification of dermatophilus congolensis from scab material from the affected sheep. the morbidity rate within the flock was 31.8% (237/745) with 98.3% (233/237) of the affected sheep being weaners and hoggets. n ... | 2007 | 18237045 |
| dermatophilus congolensis-associated placentitis, funisitis and abortion in a horse. | placentitis, funisitis and fetal bronchopneumonia were diagnosed in an aborted full-term thoroughbred fetus and its placenta by histopathological examination. dermatophilus congolensis organisms were isolated from placenta, lung and stomach content. the genotypic identification of aerobic culture was confirmed by sequential analysis of the entire 16s rdna gene. this is the first report of dermatophilus congolensis-associated abortion in any species. | 2008 | 18405341 |
| fleece rot and dermatophilosis in sheep. | fleece rot and dermatophilosis reduce health and production of sheep and predispose them to blow fly strike. this paper reviews aetiology, prevalence, pathogenesis, resistance, attempts to develop vaccines and prospects for new control strategies to these important skin diseases. although the severity of fleece rot is associated with the abundance of pseudomonas aeruginosa on skin, microbial ecology studies are providing new insights into the contribution of other bacteria to the disease. wool t ... | 2008 | 18055136 |
| the treatment of bovine dermatophilosis and its effect on some haematological and blood chemical parameters. | in this study, the authors evaluated parenteral treatment of zebu cattle, with naturally and experimentally induced bovine dermatophilosis, in western sudan, using four different antibiotic treatments. in terms of recovery rate, weight gain, avoiding relapse and preventing death, gentamycin was found to be the most effective treatment, followed by a combination of penicillin and streptomycin and, finally, long-acting oxytetracycline. however, enrofloxacin was not successful. a significant improv ... | 2009 | 20462170 |
| new approaches to detection and identification of rickettsia africae and ehrlichia ruminantium in amblyomma variegatum (acari: ixodidae) ticks from the caribbean. | imported from africa in the 1700s and despite frequent modern eradication efforts, amblyomma variegatum (f.) spread through the caribbean by cattle transport, small ruminants, and migrating birds. a. variegatum is a vector for rickettsia africae, the causative agent of african tick bite fever, and ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of heartwater. we examined 95 a. variegatum and six rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) collected from cattle at an abattoir in antigua. engorged ... | 2009 | 19645301 |
| atypical dermatophilus congolensis infection in a three-year-old pony. | dermatophilosis caused by dermatophilus congolensis causes exudative dermatitis in a variety of species. the infection is generally limited to the cutaneous tissues, where infection is acquired from the environment and bacteria penetrate into keratinized epithelium through epithelial disruption. a 3-year-old pony filly was examined for enlarging mandibular lymph nodes during the preceding 10 months. biopsy of the node revealed mixed and granulomatous inflammation and thick, filamentous gram-posi ... | 2010 | 20093705 |