Publications

degradative enzymes of oral streptococci.	members of the streptococcus sanguis group (ssg) and streptococcus milleri group (smg) were screened for their ability to produce glycosidase, arylamidase (peptidase), protease, dextranase and glycosyltransferase activities. species within each group produced unique patterns of activity. the most commonly produced glycosidases were beta-d-glucosidase, beta-d-galactosidase, n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase and n-acetyl-beta-d-galactosaminidase and the least commonly produced glycosidase activity w ...	1995	7786231
heterogeneity among 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacers of species within the 'streptococcus milleri group'.	the 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer has been suggested as a suitable region of the bacterial genome from which to derive useful taxonomic information, particularly with regard to identification at the species level. to investigate this approach as an aid to the identification of the three species comprising the 'streptococcus milleri group' (smg), the spacers of isolates of streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus anginosus and streptococcus constellatus were amplified by pcr and length polymorph ...	1995	7545512
streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius. clinical relevance, hemolytic and serologic characteristics.	a collection of 518 "streptococcus milleri" isolates recovered from clinical specimens was identified to the species level according to recently established criteria. streptococcus anginosus was the most frequently isolated species (59.3%), followed by s constellatus (30.3%) and s intermedius (10.4%). one third (34%) of all isolates were beta-hemolytic. the majority of s anginosus isolates were nonhemolytic, carried lancefield group f, or were nongroupable. most of the s constellatus isolates we ...	1995	7572815
[antibacterial activities of cefmenoxime against recent fresh clinical isolates from patients in sinusitis].	in order to evaluate antimicrobial activity of cefmenoxime (cmx), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of cmx and control drugs were determined against clinical isolates from patients of sinusitis that were obtained in our laboratory from october of 1993 to march of 1994. the results are summarized as follows; 1. cmx showed strong antimicrobial activities against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella subgenus branhamella catarrhalis that were 3 major aerobic bacteria ...	1995	7637194
bacteremia in conjunction with endodontic therapy.	this study characterizes oral microorganisms believed to have spread from the root canal into the blood stream during and after endodontic therapy of teeth with asymptomatic apical periodontitis. microbiological samples were taken under aseptic conditions from the root canal of 26 single-rooted teeth in 26 patients. in the endodontic treatment of 13 of the patients (group 1), the first 3 reamers, sizes 15, 20 and 25, were used to a level 2 mm beyond the apical foramen. in the other 13 patients ( ...	1995	7641631
detection of tet(m) and tet(o) using the polymerase chain reaction in bacteria isolated from patients with periodontal disease.	the polymerase chain reaction was used to examine 114 tetracycline-resistant anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacterial isolates from patients with periodontal disease for the tet(m) and tet(o) genes. a 740-base-pair fragment of the tet(m) gene was amplified from 84 of 114 isolates, and a 519-base-pair fragment of the tet(o) gene was amplified from 13 streptococcal isolates. six of 7 tetracycline-resistant isolates of veillonella spp. and tetracycline-resistant isolates of eubacterium spp. (n ...	1995	7675524
in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the "streptococcus milleri' group (streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius).	a collection of 423 clinical "streptococcus milleri' strains was speciated and tested for susceptibilities to twelve antibiotics. only 1.4% of the strains were of intermediate susceptibility to penicillin. none of the strains exhibited high-level resistance to gentamicin. strains resistant to erythromycin, roxithromycin and clindamycin were found with a frequency of 2.6%, 2.4% and 2.4% respectively. doxycycline resistance was found in 5.7% of the strains and occurred most frequently in streptoco ...	1996	8707750
refractory periodontitis or recurrence of disease.	refractory periodontal disease is characterized by low plaque scores and low responsiveness to periodontal therapy. the patients often have a history of antibiotic therapy and therefore have a high incidence of resistance in the subgingival microflora. the above features are in contrast to adult chronic periodontal disease and recurrence of disease. the subgingival microflora of refractory disease may be either predominantly gram-positive with elevated levels of streptococcus intermedius or may ...	1996	8707992
[serologic study in patients with streptococcal infective endocarditis].	infective endocarditis is a systemic disease in which there are a continuously antigenic stimulation of immunologic system. streptococcus is still the most frequent cause of infective endocarditis.	1996	9082078
[liver abscess caused by streptococcus intermedius, following hemorrhoidectomy].	the pyogenic liver abscess is an uncommon but potentially lethal complication of colo-anal surgery. the authors report a case due to streptococcus intermedius, a pathogen with a known ability to produce visceral abscesses, after haemorrhoidectomy. according to the french consensus conference, the patient had received a prophylactic preoperative antibiotic regimen consisting of metronidazole, active against s intermedius. despite surgical therapy and adequate antibiotics, the patient died of hepa ...	1996	9206932
degradation and utilisation of chondroitin sulphate by streptococcus intermedius.	streptococcus intermedius, part of the 'streptococcus milleri group', has the ability to produce glycosaminoglycan depolymerising enzymes (hyaluronidase and chrondroitin sulphate depolymerase) which is unique amongst the viridans streptococci and may contribute to their virulence in brain and liver abscesses. the growth of s. intermedius strain uns 35 was studied in basal medium supplemented with chondroitin sulphate a (cs-a, sulphated at position 4 of the n-acetylgalactosamine moiety) or chondr ...	1996	8636952
purification and properties of a novel glycosaminoglycan depolymerase from streptococcus intermedius strain uns 35.	a glycosaminoglycan (gag) depolymerase that acts on chondroitin sulphate a (cs-a), chondroitin sulphate c (cs-c) and hyaluronic acid (ha) was purified to apparent homogeneity from a culture of streptococcus intermedius, strain uns 35, grown in minimal medium supplemented with cs-a as the sole carbon source. the enzyme was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by serial chromatography on deae trisacryl m, cm trisacryl m and heparin-agarose. sds-page analysis of the purified enzyme ...	1996	8636953
intermedilysin, a novel cytotoxin specific for human cells secreted by streptococcus intermedius uns46 isolated from a human liver abscess.	a novel cytotoxin (intermedilysin) specific for human cells was identified as a cytolytic factor of streptococcus intermedius uns46 isolated from a human liver abscess. intermedilysin caused human cell death with membrane blebs. intermedilysin was purified from uns46 culture medium by means of gel filtration and hydrophobic chromatography. the purified toxin was resolved into major and minor bands of 54 and 53 kda, respectively, by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. these ...	1996	8757839
rapid species identification of "streptococcus milleri" strains by line blot hybridization: identification of a distinct 16s rrna population closely related to streptococcus constellatus.	a collection of 399 "streptococcus milleri" strains were identified to the species level by the use of a line blot assay. their pcr-amplified partial 16s rrna gene sequences were hybridized with species-specific 5'-biotinylated oligonucleotide probes homologous to the bp 213 to 231 regions of the 16s rrna gene sequences of the type strains streptococcus anginosus atcc 33397, streptococcus constellatus atcc 27823, and streptococcus intermedius atcc 27335. the hybridization results were compared w ...	1996	8784576
species belonging to the "streptococcus milleri" group: antimicrobial susceptibility and comparative prevalence in significant clinical specimens.	the association between the three species belonging to the "streptococcus milleri" group and different sites of isolation was examined for 73 successive strains recovered from clinically significant, purulent infections. susceptibility testing was performed on 64 of these strains. the present study supports the association of particular species with different clinical sources. susceptibility data suggest that emerging penicillin resistance among streptococcus anginosus and streptococcus intermed ...	1996	8818904
false positive detection of group a streptococcus antigen resulting from cross-reacting streptococcus intermedius (streptococcus milleri group).		1996	8858682
[bacteria isolated from surgical infections and its susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. special references to bacteria isolated between july 1994 and june 1995].	isolated bacteria from infections in general surgery during the period from july 1994 to june 1995 were investigated by a multicenter study in japan, and the following results were obtained. one hundred and fifty-three strains were isolated from primary infections, and 143 strains were isolated from postoperative infections. from primary infections, both anaerobic gram-positive and-negative bacteria were predominant, and from postoperative infections, aerobic gram-positive bacteria were predomin ...	1996	8934288
[hepatic abscesses caused by streptococcus intermedius].	pyogenic abscess of the liver is uncommon child's pathology. the authors briefly describe a clinical picture characterized by beginning of an hepatic abscess dues to a germ that is not usually pathogen for men. it is often a mouth saprophyte.	1996	8992284
electrophoresis of whole-cell soluble proteins of microorganisms isolated from bacteremias in endodontic therapy.	we have previously demonstrated that anaerobic bacteria are the microorganisms most frequently isolated from blood following endodontic therapy of teeth with apical periodontitis. phenotypic characterisation of the isolates suggested that the bacteria in the blood originated from the root canal. the present experiment using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) was carried out in an effort to verify these findings, and to further study the microorganisms involved i ...	1996	9021323
multiple bilateral cerebral abscesses with hemorrhage.	brain abscess with spontaneous hemorrhage is an uncommon illness. a rare case of multiple abscesses in both cerebral hemispheres complicated by hemorrhage is reported. minimally invasive surgery utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (mri) guidance was performed after extensive testing failed to yield a diagnosis. streptococcus intermedius was isolated from cultures taken during surgery and intravenous antimicrobial therapy was instituted. pathology other than metastatic neoplasms and subacute hem ...	1997	9067848
identification and antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria isolated from periapical lesions.	periradicular tissues from 28 refractory endodontic cases requiring surgical intervention were submitted for histological diagnosis and microbiological culture. bacteria isolated from these lesions were identified and then tested for their antibiotic sensitivity to a panel of common antibiotics. the periapical tissue specimens of 22 out of 28 lesions (79%) contained microorganisms. of the 22 cases showing positive growth cultures, 15 were polymicrobial and 7 were single species isolates. fifty-t ...	1997	9220741
occurrence of invading bacteria in radicular dentin of periodontally diseased teeth: microbiological findings.	bacterial invasion in roots of periodontally diseased teeth, which has been recently documented using cultural and microscopic techniques, may be important in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. the purpose of this investigation was to determine the occurrence and the species of invading bacteria in radicular dentin of periodontally diseased teeth. samples were taken from the middle layer of radicular dentin of 26 periodontally diseased teeth. 14 healthy teeth were used as controls. dentin ...	1997	9226388
[effects of globulin preparations on phagocytic killing of oral streptococci].	the phagocytic bacterial activity on streptococcus intermedius and streptococcus oralis, clinical isolates from patients suffering from severe oral surgical infections, was evaluated by using sera and neutrophils of patients who had been treated with polyethylene glycal treated human normal immunoglobulin (venoglobulin-ih). the phagocytic function of the neutrophils against the two strains, approximately 10 cells/neutrophil, was unrelated to the administration of venoglobulin-ih. the bactericida ...	1997	9283142
increased susceptibility of rag-2 scid mice to dissemination of endodontic infections.	specific immunity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions, although the extent to which these mechanisms are actually involved in either protection or destruction of the pulp-periapex complex is yet to be established. to investigate this question we compared periapical-lesion pathogenesis in rag-2 severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice with immunocompetent control mice following surgical pulp exposure. in order to equalize the bacterial challenge, an infection protocol ...	1997	9284152
[bacteremias due to the streptococcus milleri group. an analysis of 18 episodes].	to study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of bacteremia caused by streptococcus milleri group streptococci (smg).	1997	9304128
dental implant infections.	dental implants provide a restorative tool to support crowns, bridge abutments, and removable dentures. osseointegrated implants are titanium posts that are surgically implanted in alveolar bone. a tight immobile bond (osseointegration) forms between bone and titanium, and prosthetic and restorative fixtures are attached to the implants. titanium implants differ from natural teeth, which may make them more susceptible to mechanical stress. a small proportion of implants are not successful and ma ...	1997	9310682
experimental endocarditis induction and platelet aggregation by streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius.	a total of 18 'streptococcus milleri' strains including the atcc type strains of streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus constellatus and streptococcus intermedius were compared with streptococcus oralis atcc10557 for their ability to induce infective endocarditis in catheterized rats. three days after intravenous injection of 10(8) colony-forming units all 8 s. anginosus strains tested produced infective vegetations and bacteremia in almost all rats whereas 5 s. constellatus strains and the s. o ...	1997	9322066
the role of hyaluronidase in growth of streptococcus intermedius on hyaluronate.		1997	9331743
a conserved region of a hyaluronidase gene from streptococcus intermedius.		1997	9331765
intermedilysin. a cytolytic toxin specific for human cells of a streptococcus intermedius isolated from human liver abscess.		1997	9331766
[bacteremia caused by streptococcus intermedius].		1997	9382334
hyaluronidase activity in human pus from which streptococcus intermedius was isolated.	hyaluronidase (haase) activity was detected in both a human pus sample and the culture supernatant of the only bacterial isolate from the pus, streptococcus intermedius, using a zymographic technique. the optimum ph range for haase activity was similar for both samples. although the bands showing the strongest haase activity of these samples differed from each other with respect to molecular size, both samples were equally inhibited by an antiserum raised against haase of s. intermedius. these r ...	1997	9403504
[evaluation of a rapid method for the identification of the enterococcus genus].	the evaluation of the reliability of a group of three tests: pyrrolidonil-arilamidase, rapid test in nacl esculin broth and group d antistreptococci agglutination for the rapid identification of the enterococcus genus were performed.	1997	9101752
[bronchial lipoma removed with bronchoscopic snaring forceps].	a 62-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea. a chest x-ray film showed a massive left pleural effusion. thoracentesis was done and purulent fluid was found. streptococcus intermedius was detected in the fluid. chest drainage and administration of antibiotics were successful, but computed tomography of the chest revealed a mass in the left main bronchus. the mass was removed with transbronchial electrosurgical snaring forceps and was found to be a lipoma. this tumor had lo ...	1997	9103866
protein degradation by prevotella intermedia and actinomyces meyeri supports the growth of non-protein-cleaving oral bacteria in serum.	the proteolytic activities of oral bacteria are thought to play an important role in the aetiology of dental abscesses. bacteria-derived proteases may contribute to tissue destruction, and are likely to impair host defence by degrading immunoglobulins and complement. degraded periodontal tissue and tissue fluid are likely to constitute essential sources of nutrients in the abscess. tissue fluid, which is derived from serum, is rich in protein and poor in carbohydrate, suggesting that breakdown o ...	1997	9178115
ribotyping of bacteria from root canal and blood of patients receiving endodontic therapy.	dna restriction patterns and corresponding ribotypes of 26 bacterial isolates (propionibacterium acnes, peptostreptococcus prevotii, fusobacterium nucleatum, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens, actinomyces israelii, streptococcus intermedius, and streptococcus sanguis) recovered from patients with infected root canals and their peripheral blood, collected during and after endodontic therapy, were examined. eleven additional reference strains including type strains were also examined. p ...	1997	16887597
effect of low-molecular-weight chitosans on the adhesive properties of oral streptococci.	it was previously shown that a low-molecular-weight chitosan and its derivatives n-carboxymethyl chitosan and imidazolyl chitosan inhibit streptococcus mutans adsorption to hydroxyapatite. the ability of the same molecules to interfere with adhesive properties of other oral streptococci (streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus gordonii, streptococcus constellatus, streptococcus anginosus, streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus oralis, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus vestibularis) was test ...	1998	10093536
[abscess of the psoas muscle: analysis of 11 cases and review of the literature].	abscess of the psoas muscle (ap) is an infrequent disease of difficult diagnosis, developing spontaneously (primary ap) or by extension of a subjacent infection (secondary ap). in recent years changes have been observed in its etiology, advances in its diagnosis and modifications in the treatment schedules.	1998	9542304
[a patient with streptococcus intermedius brain abscess treated with high dose penicillin g--susceptibility of the isolate to penicillin g and the concentration of penicillin g in cerebrospinal fluid].	we report here a 2-year-old boy with a streptococcus intermedius brain abscess and bilateral ventriculitis successfully treated with a high dose penicillin g (200,000 u/kg/dose, 6 times a day, 1 hour continuous infusion). although hydrocephalus residuced, the high dose penicillin g therapy cured his brain abscess and bilateral ventriculitis. the minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin g to the isolate was 0.008 microgram/ml. the penicillin g concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid after ...	1998	9621570
the splendore-hoeppli phenomenon in hepatic botryomycosis.	a 68 year old diabetic man developed septicaemia and multiple liver abscesses due to streptococcus intermedius. liver biopsy revealed streptococcal botryomycosis which showed the splendore-hoeppli phenomenon. diabetes mellitus is an example of the immunosuppressed states that have been associated with botryomycosis.	1998	9708210
human transferrin as a source of iron for streptococcus intermedius.	streptococcus intermedius is well known to produce severe infections in various areas of the body. in this study, we evaluated the ability of s. intermedius to utilise human transferrin as a source of iron and investigated the mechanism by which iron can be obtained from this plasma protein. adding either ferrous sulfate or holotransferrin to an iron-deficient culture medium allowed growth of s. intermedius. cultivation of s. intermedius under an iron-poor condition was associated with the over ...	1998	9741090
[a mitral valve reconstruction of infective endocarditis with brain abscess and intracranial mycotic aneurysm].	a case is reported of a brain abscess and an intracranial mycotic aneurysm associated with infective endocarditis caused by streptococcus intermedius. a 60-year-old man with a history of fever presented aphasia and right hemiparesis. a computed tomographic scan of the head revealed a low-density area with ring enhancement in the left parietal lobe consistent with a brain abscess. an angiography demonstrated an aneurysm on the distal branch of the middle cerebral artery compatible with a mycotic ...	1998	9750450
bilateral tubo-ovarian abscesses four years after total abdominal hysterectomy.	pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) is a common gynecologic disorder. one known complication of pid is tubo-ovarian abscess (toa) formation. the predominant theory on toa formation postulates that an ascending infection from the cervix through the uterus to the fallopian tubes and ovaries results in abscess formation. other theories include seeding via a hematogenous infection, diverticular disease, and appendicitis.	1998	9785111
recovery of anaerobic bacteria from a post-traumatic nasal septal abscess. a report of two cases.	this report presents 2 children (boys, 11 and 9 years old) who had post-traumatic nasal septal abscesses. cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria revealed peptostreptococcuus magnus and a beta-lactamase-producing prevotella intermedia in the first patient, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius, streptococcus intermedius, and prevotella melaninogenica in the second patient. anaerobic bacteria may play a role in nasal septal abscesses.	1998	9823846
[clinical evaluation of lung abscess diagnosed by transtracheal aspiration].	we have diagnosed lung abscess according to findings of infiltration with cavity formation on chest x-ray and/or ct-scan and pathogens isolated from transtracheal aspirates. we evaluated the clinical features of 20 patients with lung abscess (18 males and 2 females, mean age; 54.3 years). diabetus mellitus and periodontal diseases were prominent underlying diseases in patients with lung abscess. cough was complained in 13 patients, chest or back pain in 9, purulent sputum in 8 and hemosputum in ...	1998	9884505
nonclostridial gas gangrene due to streptococcus anginosus in a diabetic patient.	streptococcus anginosus was recently identified as a distinct species from the other members of streptococcus milleri group (streptococcus constellatus, streptococcus intermedius). we report a rare case of nonclostridial gas gangrene caused by s. anginosus. a 62-year-old diabetic woman was admitted with gas gangrene of the perineal area. she had been taking her oral hypoglycemia medication regularly for 10 years, but the diabetes was inadequately controlled. she was treated with surgical debride ...	1999	10025866
brain abscess caused by streptococcus intermedius: two case reports.	although streptococcus intermedius has been recognized as an important pathogen for abscess formation outside the central nervous system, the streptococcus milleri group, of which it is a member, has not been recognized as a specific pathogen for brain abscess, often thought to be caused by streptococcus viridans, which includes other streptococcal species.	1999	10029431
clinical and microbiological characteristics of smokers with early onset periodontitis.	cigarette smoking is a potential risk factor which has recently been associated with periodontal disease progression. the objective of this study was to compare the microbial profile of smokers and non-smokers in a group of patients with early onset periodontitis. the study population consisted of 60 healthy individuals, 40 males and 20 females aged 22 to 35 yr, exhibiting early onset periodontitis. thirty patients were smokers (30.9 cigarettes/d) and 30 non-smokers. smokers had a higher proport ...	1999	10086883
[acute empyema caused by streptococcus milleri in early pregnancy].	a 40-year-old woman was admitted to our department complaining of left lateral chest pain and fever. she smoked 10 cigarettes per day. chest radiographs revealed increased density in the upper left lung field and air-fluid level in the lower left lung field. a diagnosis of acute empyema was made, because pus was aspirated by thoracentesis. streptococcus intermedius (streptococcus milleri group) was isolated from samples of pleural effusion. the patient was successfully treated with a combination ...	1999	10087875
[acute suppurative thyroiditis due to streptococcus intermedius].		1999	10193011
abscess forming ability of streptococcus milleri group: synergistic effect with fusobacterium nucleatum.	the abscess forming abilities of "streptococcus milleri" strains (streptococcus constellatus, streptococcus anginiosus, and streptococcus intermedius) isolated from dentoalveolar abscesses and the synergistic effect of fusobacterium nucleatum co-inoculated with the isolates were examined on a mouse subcutaneous abscess model. five days after inoculation, all s. milleri strains formed abscesses, which showed less pathological spread to surrounding connective tissues than those formed by staphyloc ...	1999	10338189
pathological fracture of the femur secondary to haematogenous osteomyelitis in a weimaraner.	a seven-year-old male weimaraner developed an acute-onset non-weightbearing pelvic limb lameness without a history of significant trauma. radiographs demonstrated an oblique fracture of the femur associated with a lytic bone lesion, while cytology and histopathology of the lesion were consistent with osteomyelitis. a pure growth of streptococcus intermedius was obtained from culture of affected tissue samples. the fracture healed without complication after rigid internal fixation and antibiotic ...	1999	10385869
streptococcus milleri infection and pericardial abscess associated with esophageal carcinoma: report of two cases.	we report 2 cases of esophageal carcinoma with esophago-mediastinal fistula that developed pericardial abscess due to streptococcus intermedius infection. streptococcus intermedius, a generally harmless commensals in healthy humans, is not usually associated with infections of the oral cavity but may account for non-oral purulent infections. this report, however, highlights that streptococcus intermedius infection can be life-threatening for some patients such as those with esophageal carcinoma ...	1999	10430344
five-year analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility of the streptococcus milleri group.	susceptibility to 17 antibiotics was studied in 180 strains of the streptococcus milleri group (88 streptococcus anginosus, 63 streptococcus constellatus, and 29 streptococcus intermedius) isolated over a 5-year period. minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin were in the intermediate range for 5.6% of the strains. resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was found in 17.1% and 16.6% of the isolates, respectively. a steady increase in the susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was observed ove ...	1999	10442424
infection-stimulated infraosseus inflammation and bone destruction is increased in p-/e-selectin knockout mice.	infections of the dental pulp commonly result in infraosseus inflammation and bone destruction. however, the role of phagocytic leucocytes in the pathogenesis of pulpal infections has been uncertain. in this work we used p/e-/- selectin-deficient mice, which lack rolling adhesion of leucocytes to endothelium and mimic the human syndrome, leucocyte adhesion deficiency ii (lad-ii), to test the hypothesis that phagocytic leucocytes protect against pulpal infection and subsequent periapical infraoss ...	1999	10447722
[cerebral abscess due to streptococcus intermedius resistant to metronidazole: a report of 3 cases].		1999	10452152
streptococcus intermedius-brain abscess in chronic granulomatous disease.		1999	10486103
isolation of bacteria from cervical lymph nodes in patients with oral cancer.	thirty patients with oral mucosal cancer were studied in relation to oral mucosal damage and bacterial translocation to the regional lymph nodes in the neck. all 30 patients (gingiva 11, tongue 13, cheek mucosa four, oral floor two) underwent extensive, clean-contaminated, head-and-neck surgery (including neck dissection) with free flap reconstruction. a total of 153 lymph nodes was harvested for microbial and histological examination. viable bacteria were isolated from 70 lymph nodes (45.8%) fr ...	1999	10530911
identification of clinically relevant viridans streptococci by analysis of transfer dna intergenic spacer length polymorphism.	the utility of pcr analysis of transfer dna intergenic spacer length polymorphism (tdna-ilp) for the identification to the species level of clinically relevant viridans streptococci was evaluated with a collection of reference strains of 15 species of the salivarius, anginosus, mitis and mutans rrna homology groups. pcr products generated by using fluorescent, outwardly directed, consensus tdna primers were analysed by electrophoresis on denaturating polyacrylamide gels and by laser fluorescence ...	1999	10555340
systemic doxycycline administration in the treatment of periodontal infections (ii). effect on antibiotic resistance of subgingival species.	the purpose of this investigation was to determine the proportion and prevalence of doxycycline resistant species in subgingival plaque samples taken during and after doxycycline administration. 20 subjects with adult periodontitis were randomly assigned to test (n = 10) or control groups (n = 10). saliva samples as well as subgingival plaque samples taken from the distal surface of 6 posterior teeth were collected at baseline. all subjects received full mouth srp and the test group systemic dox ...	1999	10599905
development of a clindamycin-impregnated fiber as an intracanal medication in endodontic therapy.	the effectiveness of traditional endodontic intracanal medications in reducing bacterial numbers and preventing acute flare-ups and pain continues to be questioned. in the present study, a new local delivery device was developed that releases a substantive dose of clindamycin into root canals. clindamycin-impregnated ethylene vinyl acetate (eva) fibers were produced, and the sensitivity of common endodontic microbes to the fibers were established. an in vitro model was developed to persistently ...	1999	10726537
streptococci species of anginosus group isolated from oral and maxillofacial infections.	the aim of the study was to isolate and identify at species level streptococci strains of anginosus group in pus samples collected from 110 patients with oral and maxillofacial (omf) infections. gram-stained smears and cultures on selective and nonselective media were done from each of the 111 pus samples (2 samples were collected from one of the patients, who presented 2 oral abscesses at the same time). the isolates were identified on the basis of cultural and biochemical characteristics. spec ...	1999	11845444
comparison of three methods for identification of streptococcus milleri group isolates to species level.	a collection of 180 clinical isolates of streptococcus milleri group were identified to species level using two phenotypic methods (a commercial system and the reference method based on differential phenotypic reactions) and a genotypic method (hybridisation of the 16s rrna gene with species-specific probes) in order to evaluate the performance of the respective methods. a high level of agreement (80%) was observed between the results of the reference method and the genotypic method. the highest ...	2000	10746501
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with primary dentition.	eruption of primary teeth has a great influence on the oral environment by providing suitable niches for bacterial colonization. the aim of the study was to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of primary incisors, canines and molars in 40 systemically healthy children aged 4-5 yr, chosen randomly. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of primary incisors (61, 81), canines (53, 73) and molars (64, 84). the samples were cultured for bacterial isolat ...	2000	10791707
transverse leukonychia with systemic infection.	transverse white nail bands (leukonychia) have been described in association with systemic illnesses and exposure to toxins, and medications. we describe the occurrence of transverse nail bands in two patients following acute systemic illnesses. in the first case, transverse white nail bands developed in a 30-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-positive man following acute pulmonary tuberculosis. in the second case, transverse white nail bands were noted in an 80-year-old patient following str ...	2000	10826095
toll-like receptor 4-deficient mice have reduced bone destruction following mixed anaerobic infection.	c3h/hej mice have an impaired ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide (lps) due to a mutation in the gene that encodes toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4). the effect of tlr4 deficiency on host responses to endodontic infections is unknown. in the present study, we compared periapical bone destruction, sepsis, and inflammatory cytokine production in lps-hyporesponsive c3h/hej and wild-type control c3h/heouj mice. the mandibular first molars of both strains were subjected to pulpal exposure and infectio ...	2000	10899873
perianal subcutaneous abscess caused by streptococcus intermedius in a patient with multicentric castleman's disease.		2000	10971504
hepatic abscess as a complication of the sump syndrome.	we report a case of hepatic abscess associated with the sump syndrome. the patient was a 66-year-old woman who had undergone cholecystectomy and side-to-side choledochoduodenostomy for a common bile duct (cbd) stone in 1983, and who presented with fever and right lower chest pain. a hepatic abscess was diagnosed; after it was drained, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage was performed. bacteriological studies revealed the presence of bacteroides fragilis and streptococcus intermedius in th ...	2000	10982620
b-cell deficiency predisposes mice to disseminating anaerobic infections: protection by passive antibody transfer.	we have previously demonstrated that a high proportion of rag-2 scid knockout mice, which lack t and b cells, develop orofacial abscesses and disseminated infections following pulpal infection, whereas immunocompetent control mice do not. in the present study, we sought to identify the components of the adaptive immune response which contribute to protection against disseminating anaerobic infections and sepsis. for this purpose, various genetically engineered immunodeficient mice were employed, ...	2000	10992465
thrombolytic therapy in patients with portal vein thrombosis: case report and review of the literature.	a 29-year-old male patient with crohn's disease of the terminal ileum and previous abdominal surgery was admitted because of severe abdominal pain and signs of bacterial sepsis. the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis and multiple liver abscesses due to streptococcus intermedius septicaemia was made and antibiotic therapy was instituted immediately. as high-dose heparin therapy was ineffective, urokinase was administered intravenously over a total of 7 days. within 2 days, the patient's symptoms ...	2000	11057461
[streptococcus intermedius lemierre syndrome: an unusual association].	lemierre's syndrome is a potentially severe though uncommon entity consisting in septic emboli from an internal jugular vein thrombus after oropharyngeal infection.	2000	11072359
microbiological parameters associated with il-1 gene polymorphisms in periodontitis patients.	polymorphisms in the cluster of il-1 genes have been significantly associated with the severity of adult periodontitis. the purpose of this study was to compare microbiological parameters in il-1 genotype negative and positive adult subjects with a range of periodontitis severities.	2000	11073323
vibrio cholerae cytolysin: assembly and membrane insertion of the oligomeric pore are tightly linked and are not detectably restricted by membrane fluidity.	hemolytic strains of vibrio cholerae secrete a cytolysin that, upon binding as a monomer, forms pentameric pores in animal cell membranes. pore formation is inhibited at low temperature and in the absence of cholesterol. we here posed the following questions: firstly, can oligomerization be observed in the absence of pore formation? secondly, is membrane fluidity responsible for the effect of temperature or of cholesterol upon pore formation? the first issue was approached by chemical cross-link ...	2000	11118538
humoral immunity host factors in subjects with failing or successful titanium dental implants.	treatment with titanium dental implants is in general successful. however, an unknown number of implants do not integrate and are removed either by exfoliation or at the time of second stage surgery. it would be of importance to identify subjects at risk and predict early implant failure.	2000	11140553
profile of subgingival microbiota in children with mixed dentition.	a diversity of microbial species has been detected in children's oral flora at an early age. to investigate the composition of the subgingival microbiota of different groups of teeth in children with mixed dentition, 40 systemically healthy children, aged 7-8 years, randomly chosen, were examined. subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesiobuccal sites of 21, 41, 16 and 36 permanent teeth and 53, 73, 64 and 84 deciduous teeth. the samples were cultured for bacterial isolation anaerobica ...	2000	11155173
growth inhibitory activity of gutta-percha points containing root canal medications on common endodontic bacterial pathogens as determined by an optimized quantitative in vitro assay.	gutta-percha points containing calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide (zno), a mixture of zno and chlorhexidine (zno/chx), iodine-polyvinylpyrrolidone (zno/j-pvp), or a mixture of chx and j-pvp and zno (zno/chx/j-pvp) were tested for their ability to inhibit growth of pure cultures of bacterial species commonly involved in endodontic infections (peptostreptococcus micros, streptococcus intermedius, enterococcus faecalis, and porphyromonas gingivalis). to quantitate growth inhibition, an in vitro assay wa ...	2000	11199764
evaluation of in vitro activity of two topical products against three organisms isolated from canine referral patients with otitis externa and cutaneous pyoderma.	canine otitis externa and cutaneous pyoderma are common problems that are often associated with staphylococcus intermedius, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and malassezia pachydermatis. in vitro activity of two topical products against these organisms isolated from canine referral patients were evaluated. organisms were grown and diluted to a concentration equivalent to 10(7) colony-forming units (cfu) per ml and exposed to either a 0 or 1/5 dilution of hexadene flush with spherulites (virbac animal hea ...	2000	19757573
distribution of the intermedilysin gene among the anginosus group streptococci and correlation between intermedilysin production and deep-seated infection with streptococcus intermedius.	the distribution of intermedilysin, a human-specific cytolysin, among the anginosus group streptococci and the correlation of toxin production and infection by streptococcus intermedius were investigated. pcr and southern hybridization specific for the intermedilysin gene revealed that the toxin gene exists only in s. intermedius and no homologue to the toxin gene is distributed in s. anginosus and s. constellatus. thus, the intermedilysin gene is useful as a marker gene of s. intermedius. moreo ...	2000	10618091
typing of candida glabrata in clinical isolates by comparative sequence analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 gene distinguishes two clusters of strains associated with geographical sequence polymorphisms.	we tested whether comparative sequence analysis of the mitochondrion-encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 gene (cox2) could be used to distinguish intraspecific variants of candida glabrata. mitochondrial genes are suitable for investigation of close phylogenetic relationships because they evolve much faster than nuclear genes, which in general exhibit very limited intraspecific variation. for this survey we used 11 clinical isolates of c. glabrata from three different geographical locations i ...	2000	10618092
streptococcus intermedius: a cause of lobar pneumonia with meningitis and brain abscesses.		2000	10671350
mannosidase production by viridans group streptococci.	the production of mannosidase activity by all currently recognized species of human viridans group streptococci was determined using an assay in which bacterial growth was dependent on the degradation of the high-mannose-type glycans of rnase b and subsequent utilization of released mannose. rnase b is an excellent substrate for the demonstration of mannosidase activity since it is a glycoprotein with a single glycosylation site which is occupied by high-mannose-type glycoforms containing five t ...	2001	11230417
tricuspid valve endocarditis in adult patients without known predisposing factors.	four patients with no known predisposing conditions developed tricuspid valve endocarditis. all patients had community-acquired infection with a rapidly progressive course that was complicated by right heart failure and respiratory insufficiency. pulmonary involvement was prominent in all cases. the infectious process was due to staphylococcus aureus in three patients and to streptococcus intermedius in one patient. three patients underwent early surgical intervention; the outcome was favourable ...	2001	11245324
risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill trauma patients.	to determine risk factors for nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill trauma patients.	2001	11246310
cloning and dna sequencing of the surface protein antigen i/ii (paa) of streptococcus cricetus.	we have cloned and sequenced the gene encoding the surface protein antigen paa (antigen i/ii family) from streptococcus cricetus e49 (serotype a) using degenerate pcr. the deduced amino acid sequence of paa reveals two repeating regions (a region; alanine-rich region, p region; proline-rich region). two additional tandem repeats were found in the a region and part of the p region was deleted compared to antigen i/ii. homology and phylogenetic analyses reveal that paa is homologous to streptococc ...	2001	11267788
antibiotic susceptibilities of genetically characterized streptococcus milleri group strains.	previous studies of the antibiotic susceptibility of streptococcus milleri group organisms have distinguished among species by using phenotypic techniques. using 44 isolates that were speciated by 16s rrna gene sequencing, we studied the mics and minimum bactericidal concentrations of penicillin, ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and clindamycin for streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus anginosus. none of the organisms was resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics, although ...	2001	11302819
streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus anginosus ("streptococcus milleri group") are of different clinical importance and are not equally associated with abscess.	difficulties in distinguishing organisms of the "streptococcus milleri group" (smg; streptococcus intermedius, streptococcus constellatus, and streptococcus anginosus), have caused ambiguity in determining their pathogenic potential. we reviewed 118 cases in which smg isolates had been identified using 16s rdna sequence. s. constellatus and s. anginosus were isolated far more frequently than was s. intermedius. nearly all isolates of s. intermedius and most isolates of s. constellatus, but only ...	2001	11317256
novel presentation and approach to management of hepatopulmonary syndrome with use of antimicrobial agents.	a 44-year-old man with hepatitis c-associated liver cirrhosis, cyanosis, digital clubbing, and platypnea presented with left-side hemiplegia found to be due to a brain abscess. hepatopulmonary syndrome was diagnosed after demonstration of the presence of a massive intrapulmonary shunt. although the anomalous vascular channel never was defined anatomically, follow-up studies confirmed the presence of a functional shunt. culture of a sample from the abscess yielded streptococcus intermedius. it wa ...	2001	11317264
iliac osteomyelitis and gluteal muscle abscess caused by streptococcus intermedius.	streptococcus intermedius, included in the 'milleri group', is a commensal of the mouth and upper respiratory tract but it has often been associated with various pyogenic infections, such as endocarditis, pneumonia, abdominal or cerebral abscess, rarely with osteomyelitis, and exceptionally with muscular abscess. the first observed case of iliac osteomyelitis with gluteal muscle abscess caused by s. intermedius is reported. it is essential to recognise members of the 'milleri group' as possible ...	2001	11339259
expression and functional properties of the streptococcus intermedius surface protein antigen i/ii.	streptococcus intermedius is associated with deep-seated purulent infections. in this study, we investigated expression and functional activities of antigen i/ii in s. intermedius. the s. intermedius antigen i/ii appeared to be cell surface associated, with a molecular mass of approximately 160 kda. northern blotting indicated that the s. intermedius nctc 11324 antigen i/ii gene was transcribed as a monocistronic message. maximum expression was seen during the early exponential phase. insertiona ...	2001	11402009
an in vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of irrigants on biofilms of root canal isolates.	the bactericidal effect of four antimicrobial agents was investigated against single-species biofilms derived from a range of root canal isolates.	2001	11482142
effect on polymorphonuclear cell function of a human-specific cytotoxin, intermedilysin, expressed by streptococcus intermedius.	streptococcus intermedius is a member of the normal flora of the mouth but is also an opportunistic pathogen associated with purulent infections at oral and nonoral sites. intermedilysin (ily) has been shown to be a cytolysin capable of generating pores in the cell membrane of erythrocytes demonstrable by electron microscopy. this effect has been shown to be specific for human cells. since polymorphonuclear cells (pmns) are the main cell involved in innate immunity we investigated the effect of ...	2001	11553548
extracellular proteins of staphylococcus aureus and the role of sara and sigma b.	staphylococcus aureus synthesizes a large number of extracellular proteins that have been postulated to play a role in bacterial virulence. the proteomic approach was used to analyse the pattern of extracellular proteins of two different s. aureus strains, rn6390 and col. thirty-nine protein spots were identified by n-terminal sequencing or maldi-tof-ms. the differences of the extracellular protein patterns between both strains are striking. among the 18 proteins identified in s. aureus col ther ...	2001	11681202
association of early onset periodontitis microbiota with aspartate aminotransferase activity in gingival crevicular fluid.	the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the activity of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (ast) in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) using the colorimetric periogard (ptm) test and the subgingival microflora in early onset periodontitis lesions.	2001	11737506
interleukin-6 deficiency increases inflammatory bone destruction.	periapical bone destruction occurs as a consequence of pulpal infection. in previous studies, we showed that interleukin-1 (il-1) is the primary stimulator of bone destruction in this model. il-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is induced in these infections and has both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities. in the present study, we determined the role of il-6 in regulating il-1 expression and bone resorption. the first molars of il-6 knockouts (il-6(-/-)) and wild-type mice were subjected to su ...	2001	11159963
pott's puffy tumor and epidural abscess arising from dental sepsis: a case report.	to present an unusual case of two uncommon cranial complications of frontal sinusitis: pott's puffy tumor and epidural abscess arising from frontal sinusitis of dental origin, and also two systemic complications of sinusitis: septicemia and empyema, all occurring in an immunocompetent patient.	2001	11801935
antibacterial activity of fifth-generation dentin bonding systems.	past concepts that the pulp does not become infected until an actual carious exposure takes place have been challenged. the antibacterial effects of the dentin bonding systems single bond, prime&bond nt, and excite were evaluated using the bacteria streptococcus mutans atcc 25175, streptococcus intermedius, lactobacillus acidophilus, prevotella oris, prevotella bivia, prevotella denticola, porphyromonas gingivalis, porphyromonas endodontalis, and clostridium ramosum with a disk diffusion method. ...	2001	11771577
bacterial meningoencephalitis in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: two case reports.	two patients with bacterial meningoencephalitis (bme) undergoing chronic hemodialysis (hd) are reported. patient 1 died of bacterial empyema caused by streptococcus intermedius. patient 2 was successfully treated by intravenous vancomycin (vcm), panipenem-betamipron and intrathecal vcm. enterococcus avium from a sacral decubitus ulcer was suggested as a possible pathogen of bme in patient 2. autopsy findings in patient 1 and antimicrobial options in patient 2 are discussed with a review of the l ...	2002	11792481
functional variation of the antigen i/ii surface protein in streptococcus mutans and streptococcus intermedius.	although streptococcus intermedius and streptococcus mutans are regarded as members of the commensal microflora of the body, s. intermedius is often associated with deep-seated purulent infections, whereas s. mutans is frequently associated with dental caries. in this study, we investigated the roles of the s. mutans and s. intermedius antigen i/ii proteins in adhesion and modulation of cell surface characteristics. by using isogenic mutants, we show that the antigen i/ii in s. mutans, but not i ...	2002	11748190
interaction between human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and streptococcus milleri group bacteria.	because streptococcus milleri group (smg) bacteria--streptococcus constellatus, streptococcus intermedius, and streptococcus anginosus--exhibit a striking propensity to cause abscesses, the interaction of these organisms with human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) was examined. after incubation in pooled normal human serum, smg stimulated less chemotaxis than did staphylococcus aureus, in contrast to viridans streptococci, which caused greater chemotaxis than did s. aureus. pmnl ingested grea ...	2002	11756985
rapid identification of streptococcus intermedius by pcr with the ily gene as a species marker gene.	streptococcus intermedius belongs to the anginosus group of streptococci (ags) and is associated with endogenous infections leading to abscesses in the oral cavity and at deepseated sites, such as the brain and liver. two other species, s. anginosus and s. constellatus, and some presently unnamed taxa, are also classified as ags. recently, s. constellatus subsp. pharyngis, a new subspecies with biochemical characteristics similar to s. intermedius, was described with the potential for causing co ...	2002	11863269