Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| immunisation of mares to control endometritis caused by streptococcus zooepidemicus. | normal mares were immunised by the intramuscular and intrauterine administration of an antigen with adjuvant and they and unimmunised control mares were later challenged by the intrauterine instillation of pathogenic streptococcus zooepidemicus; the response of all the mares was monitored clinically and bacteriologically for seven days. significantly fewer s zooepidemicus were present in cervical swabs taken from the immunised mares than from the control mares (p < 0.01) and the degree of inflam ... | 1995 | 7709066 |
| equine strangles modelled in mice. | small animal models of streptococcus equi infection have been confined to parenteral injection of mice which subsequently develop a septicaemia. to devise a model of infection more closely resembling strangles, 4.9 x 10(6) cfu of s. equi were placed on the nares of c3h and balb/c mice (fifteen of each). compared with ten uninfected controls, infected mice sneezed more often and their daily weight gain was significantly reduced. histopathological examination seven days after infection revealed va ... | 1995 | 7740759 |
| s zooepidemicus infection and bovine mastitis. | 1995 | 8533263 | |
| an assessment of mucosal immunisation in protection against streptococcus equi ('strangles') infections in horses. | the ability of mucosally administered antigen to provide protection against streptococcus equi ('strangles') infections in horses was examined. first, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect the immune status of horses to s. equi. this assay was used to select strangles-naive horses for the study and also to monitor their response to immunisation. potential vaccine candidates were: (a) orally administered paraformaldehyde killed s. equi; (b) intraperitoneally (ip) ad ... | 1995 | 8533309 |
| isolation of a spermatozoa motility inhibiting factor from chicken seminal plasma with antibacterial property. | a 78-kda spermatozoa motility inhibiting factor (smif) was purified from chicken (gallus domesticus) seminal plasma by anion exchange (de-53) followed by affinity chromatography on concanavalin a-sepharose. the factor is thermostable and inhibited the spermatozoa motility in a dose dependent manner. in addition, smif inhibited the growth of gram negative bacteria, pasteurella multocida but not gram positive streptococcus equi. the factor lost its spermatozoa immobilizing property after treatment ... | 1995 | 8541320 |
| effects of potentiated chlorhexidine on bacteria and tarsocrural joints in ponies. | to evaluate the bactericidal properties of chlorhexidine diacetate (chd) after potentiation with edta and tris buffer (edta-tris), and to find a potentiated chd concentration that would achieve 90 to 100% killing for all bacteria tested. | 1996 | 8723895 |
| characterisation of murine monoclonal antibodies recognising opsonic, mouse-protective, chaining and mucosally relevant epitopes on the m protein of streptococcus equi subspecies equi. | six hybridomas secreting murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the m protein of streptococcus equi subspecies equi were characterised. the mabs recognised the major 41 and 46 kda fragments of m protein in an acid extract of s equi and the 56 and 58 kda dimer of the native molecule in a mutanolysin extract, but did not react with recombinant m-like protein of s equi subspecies zooepidemicus. one mab (2a10) showed strong opsonic activity for s equi and protected mice against an experime ... | 1996 | 8745261 |
| [an outbreak of streptococcus zooepidemicus-caused infection among laboratory primates]. | an outbreak of septicemia caused by s. zooepidemicus in representatives of 5 species of lower monkeys, viz. macaca mulatta (5), macaca nemestrina (1), macaca fascicularis (2), cercopithecus aethiops (2), mandrillus sphinx (1), is described. the disease was accompanied by the symptoms of enteric infection and well responded to etiotropic therapy with antibiotics of the penicillin row. the source of this infection was not established. until now it is one of few descriptions of enteric infection in ... | 1996 | 8820687 |
| allelic variation of the streptokinase gene in beta-hemolytic streptococci group c and g isolates of human origin. | genetic diversity of the streptokinase gene (sk) from 36 strains of s. equisimilis and 54 strains of group g streptococci was examined. the strains were isolated from patients with various streptococcal disease manifestations and healthy carriers. the region of the gene that corresponds to amino acid residues 174-244, was pcr amplified. the amplified product was subjected to mlui, pvuii, drai and ddei digestion. based on the restriction enzyme digestion patterns nine sk alleles were recognized. ... | 1996 | 8821395 |
| [mycotic aortic aneurysm after appendectomy]. | mycotic aneurysms are a rare complication of septic diseases. frequently they are recognized only in an advanced stage, with resulting poor prognosis. this case report describes a perforated mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm following appendectomy. bacterial culture revealed the presence of streptococcus zooepidemicus, an unusual finding in humans. | 1996 | 8851273 |
| identification and molecular characterization of serological group c streptococci isolated from diseased pigs and monkeys in indonesia. | the present study was designed to comparatively investigate 34 beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from infected pigs and monkeys from various islands in indonesia. according to the serological and biochemical data, all 34 isolates were lancefield's serological group c streptococci and could be identified as streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. of the 34 group c streptococci investigated, 28 grew on solid media in large, mucoid colonies, in fluid media at a uniform turbidity, and in soft ag ... | 1996 | 8862585 |
| m proteins of group c streptococci isolated from patients with acute pharyngitis. | we studied 15 strains of group c (streptococcus equi subsp. equisimilis) [corrected] isolated from the throats of college students with acute pharyngitis and 5 strains isolated from patients with noninfectious problems. nineteen of the 20 strains resisted phagocytic killing during incubation in normal human blood, suggesting that they might express m proteins. genomic dna from all 20 strains hybridized with a probe corresponding to the carboxyterminal one-third of the group a m-protein gene emm2 ... | 1996 | 8880511 |
| fibronectin-binding protein of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. | by screening a genomic lambda library of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, we have cloned and sequenced a gene, termed fnz, encoding a fibronectin (fn)-binding protein called fnz. on the basis of the deduced amino acid sequence of fnz, the mature protein has a molecular mass of approximately 61 kda. analysis of fnz reveals a structural organization similar to that of other cell surface proteins from streptococci and staphylococci. the fn-binding activity is localized to two domains in the ... | 1996 | 8926060 |
| detection of bacteria in equine synovial fluid by use of the polymerase chain reaction. | equine synovial fluid aliquots were inoculated with salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, actinobacillus equuli, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus zooepidemicus to obtain approximate concentrations of 1000, 100, 10, and 1 colony forming u/ml. synovial fluid aliquots were also inoculated with an unquantitated inoculum of bacteroides fragilis and clostridium perfringens. inoculated synovial fluid was incubated in trypticase-soy broth or columbia broth for approximately 12 hours. then al ... | 1996 | 9012103 |
| naturally occurring persistent and asymptomatic infection of the guttural pouches of horses with streptococcus equi. | during an outbreak of strangles on a farm with approximately 1500 horses, the spread of streptococcus equi infection was monitored by repeated nasopharyngeal swabbing and culture. in order to control the infection and prevent new introductions of strangles on to the premises, a system of quarantine and swabbing of cases and all incoming animals was instituted. long-term carriage of the organism was detected in four clinically healthy convalescent animals, and in two of 350 new ponies; it persist ... | 1997 | 9032908 |
| group c streptococcal infection in a term newborn infant. | group c streptococci were recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid of a term infant with symptoms whose mother had received intrapartum antibiotic therapy for chorioamnionitis. this case highlights that beta-hemolytic streptococci of lancefield groups other than a or b can be isolated from a normally sterile site and should be considered as pathogens. it also underscores the potential importance of sampling cerebrospinal fluid in an infant with symptomatic suspected sepsis, especially in the setti ... | 1997 | 9069072 |
| additional cause of mastitis in a llama. | 1997 | 9074670 | |
| a case of pharyngitis caused by penicillin resistant group c streptococcus. | 1997 | 9120337 | |
| characterization of the lancefield group c streptococcus 16s-23s rna gene intergenic spacer and its potential for identification and sub-specific typing. | the 16s-23s rna gene intergenic spacers of isolates of streptococcus equi (n = 5), s. zooepidemicus (n = 5), s. equisimilis (n = 3) and s. dysgalactiae (n = 2) were sequenced and compared. there were distinct regions within the spacer, arranged in the order 1-9 for all s. equi and one s. zooepidemicus isolate and 1,2 and 4-9 for the remaining isolates. region 4 was identical to the trna(ala) gene found in the 16s-23s intergenic spacers of other streptococci. regions 1, 5, 6 and 7 had distinct va ... | 1997 | 9129589 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of zooa, a streptococcus zooepidemicus gene encoding a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance having a domain structure similar to that of lysostaphin. | the nucleotide sequence has been determined for zooa, a gene encoding the bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance zoocin a in streptococcus zooepidemicus strain 4881. the zooa gene product corresponds to the 285-amino acid (aa) zoocin a pre-peptide from which a leader sequence is cleaved to form the 262-aa biologically active molecule of estimated molecular mass 27,877 da. expression of zooa in a gram-negative host was shown by the extracellular release from escherichia coli, containing cloned zoo ... | 1997 | 9168135 |
| pyogenic arthritis caused by streptococcus equisimilis (group-c streptococcus) in a patient with aids. | a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) treated with a daily low dose of corticosteroids for chronic atopic dermatitis experienced a sudden episode of unilateral knee arthritis. culture of the purulent synovial liquid yielded a pure culture of streptococcus equisimilis. a four week period of intravenous antibiotherapy combined with repeated drainages allowed a complete recovery of articular function. | 1997 | 9184272 |
| acute hemorrhagic pulmonary infarction and necrotizing pneumonia in horses: 21 cases (1967-1993). | to characterize history, clinical signs, and pathologic findings in horses with histologically confirmed acute hemorrhagic pulmonary infarction and necrotizing pneumonia. | 1997 | 9187729 |
| isolation of streptococcus equi subspecies equi (strangles agent) from an ethiopian camel. | 1997 | 9203321 | |
| sepsis of the common digital extensor tendon sheath secondary to hemicircumferential periosteal transection in a foal. | a 4-month-old quarter horse was admitted for evaluation of infection that developed following bilateral hemicircumferential periosteal transection and elevation. sepsis of the common digital extensor tendon sheath was diagnosed. treatment included lavage of the tendon sheath, placement of an indwelling drain for lavage after surgery, establishment of drainage, and administration of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory drugs. three months after treatment, the foal was clinically normal. | 1997 | 9262673 |
| comparison of the sequences and functions of streptococcus equi m-like proteins sem and szpse. | streptococcus equi (streptococcus equi subsp. equi), a lancefield group c streptococcus, causes strangles, a highly contagious purulent lymphadenitis and pharyngitis of members of the family equidae. the antiphagocytic 58-kda m-like protein sem is a major virulence factor and protective antigen. the amino acid sequence and structure of sem has been determined and compared to that of a second, 40-kda m-like protein (szpse) of s. equi and to those of other streptococcal proteins. both sem and szps ... | 1997 | 9284125 |
| catheter-related streptococcus equisimilis bacteremia in a four-month-old infant with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. | 1997 | 9306491 | |
| pcr for detection of streptococcus equi. | 1997 | 9331670 | |
| clonal invasion of the equine respiratory tract by streptococcus zooepidemicus. | 1997 | 9331726 | |
| m proteins of streptococcus equisimilis strains isolated from pharyngitis patients. | 1997 | 9331759 | |
| an outbreak of streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus infection of probable human origin in wanderoos (macaca silenus)--case report. | three out of ten young to adult wanderoos (m. silenus) of a breeding colony at the rheine zoo died within two days from a peracute illness, characterized by salivation, vomiting, apathy and minor cns symptoms. streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus was isolated in pure cultures from all organs of two animals investigated bacteriologically. the strains were penicillin-susceptible, and penicillin treatment of all remaining animals cured two already sick animals and prevented further cases. a volunt ... | 1997 | 9361390 |
| detection of streptococcus equi in equine nasal swabs and washes by dna amplification. | 1997 | 9369003 | |
| isolation of streptococcus equi subsp. equi from thoroughbred horses in a racehorse-breeding area of japan. | for determination whether strangles has invaded the hidaka district of hokkaido, the main racehorse-breeding area of japan, a epizootiological survey with bacterial isolation was carried out during the breeding season in 1995. streptococcus equi subsp. equi, which is the causative agent of strangles, was isolated from two thoroughbred horses with submandibular lymphadenitis. isolates were identified by serological grouping, biochemical tests and analysis of cell surface proteins by western immun ... | 1997 | 9409520 |
| serum and mucosal antibody isotype responses to m-like protein (sem) of streptococcus equi in convalescent and vaccinated horses. | equine strangles, caused by the clonal pathogen streptococcus equi, is a source of serious economic loss despite the widespread use of commercial vaccines. the anti-phagocytic 58 kda m-like protein (sem) is an important protective antigen. the objective of this study was to define differences, if any, between sem-specific convalescent serum and mucosal iga and igg subisotypes and those induced by vaccination with commercial strangles vaccine. sem-specific opsonophagocytic iggb was the predominan ... | 1997 | 9477475 |
| characterization of the haemolytic activity of streptococcus equi. | the haemolytic activity of streptococcus equi, the cause of equine strangles, was characterized. production of haemolysin in todd hewitt broth was dependent on an equine serum supplement and the logarithmic phase of growth after which activity declined sharply. rna core also induced haemolysin production from cells harvested at the end of the logarithmic phase of growth. haemolysis was not affected by cholesterol, was only slightly increased in reducing conditions and was completely inactivated ... | 1998 | 9533893 |
| affinity purification and characterization of a fibrinogen-binding protein complex which protects mice against lethal challenge with streptococcus equi subsp. equi. | cell-wall-associated proteins from streptococcus equi subsp. equi, the causative agent of strangles, were analysed with a view to identifying a potential protective antigen. preparations of these proteins, isolated from mutanolysin extracts of cell walls, were shown to contain one major high-m(r) protein species (apparent m(r) 220,000 and 550,000 when analysed by sds-page and gel-filtration chromatography, respectively). the high-m(r) protein bound horse fibrinogen and was purified under non-den ... | 1998 | 9579073 |
| bacteremia due to streptococcus zooepidemicus associated with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. | group c streptococci are a common cause of infection in animals but a rare cause of infection in man. to our knowledge, the english literature contains only three cases of arteriosclerotic aneurysms of the abdominal aorta (aaa) secondarily infected with group c beta-hemolytic streptococci. two cases did not survive in spite of adequate antibiotic therapy. one patient responded to aortic repair with a bifurcated woven dacron graft followed by four weeks of high-dose intravenous penicillin. this a ... | 1998 | 9581510 |
| streptococcal peritonitis in a young dromedary camel. | a male dromedary camel was presented for a primary streptococcal zooepidemicus septic peritonitis. an underlying gross lesion was not identified during abdominal exploratory surgery. the camel responded to peritoneal lavage, peritoneal drainage and systemic antibiotic therapy. thrombophlebitis of the left jugular vein was diagnosed 14 days after surgery. the camel died of an unknown cause 24 days after surgery. | 1998 | 9612545 |
| detection of strangles carriers. | 1998 | 9612921 | |
| zoocin a immunity factor: a fema-like gene found in a group c streptococcus. | a 6.8-kb fragment of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus 4881 dna containing the zoocin a gene (zooa) was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. we have identified a gene we call zoocin a immunity factor (zif), which protects the producer cell from the otherwise lethal action of its own product. transformation of streptococcus gordonii dl1 with zooa and zif changed its phenotypic character from a non-zoocin a producing-zoocin a sensitive cell to a zoocin a producing-zoocin a resistant cel ... | 1998 | 9631548 |
| detection of strangles carriers. | 1998 | 9650239 | |
| frontal septation of the bladder in a mare. | 1998 | 9686393 | |
| molecular basis of variation in protective szp proteins of streptococcus zooepidemicus. | to characterize, on a molecular basis, variable regions of the szp proteins of the moore and bryans serovars of streptococcus zooepidemicus and specificity of opsonic responses. | 1998 | 9736390 |
| purification and lipid dependence of the recombinant hyaluronan synthases from streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus equisimilis. | the two hyaluronan synthases (hass) from streptococcus pyogenes (sphas) and streptococcus equisimilis (sehas) were expressed in escherichia coli as recombinant proteins containing his6 tails. both enzymes were expressed as major membrane proteins, accounting for approximately 5-8% of the total membrane protein. using nickel chelate affinity chromatography, the hass were purified to homogeneity from n-dodecyl beta-d-maltoside extracts. high levels of has activity could be achieved only if the pur ... | 1999 | 9933623 |
| kinetic characterization of the recombinant hyaluronan synthases from streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus equisimilis. | the two hyaluronan synthases (hass) from streptococcus pyogenes (sphas) and streptococcus equisimilis (sehas) were expressed in escherichia coli as recombinant proteins containing his6 tails. the accompanying paper has described the purification and lipid dependence of both hass, their preference for cardiolipin, and their stability during storage (tlapak-simmons, v. l., baggenstoss, b. a., clyne, t., and weigel, p. h. (1999) j. biol. chem. 274, 4239-4245). kinetic characterization of the enzyme ... | 1999 | 9933624 |
| streptococcus equi but not streptococcus zooepidemicus produces potent mitogenic responses from equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | streptococcus equi causes equine strangles. the acute disease has many of the hallmarks of an acute response including high fever, elevated plasma fibrinogen and neutrophilia, affects known to be mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. the objective of this study was to screen-culture supernatants from equine clinical isolates of s. equi and s. zooepidemicus for stimulation of mitogenic responses by horse peripheral blood mononuclear cells. mitogenicity comparable to that of concanavalin a was de ... | 1999 | 10195462 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and distribution of the genes zag and fnz in isolates of streptococcus equi. | streptococcus equi subsp. equi and subsp. zooepidemicus are important pathogens of the equine respiratory tract. isolates of both subspecies were examined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). with the exception of eight isolates, a unique band pattern was displayed for each of the 48 subsp. zooepidemicus isolates tested. a method to distinguish isolates of the genetically very homogeneous subsp. equi has hitherto not been available, although several methods have been tested. by the use of ... | 1999 | 10208886 |
| sfs, a novel fibronectin-binding protein from streptococcus equi, inhibits the binding between fibronectin and collagen. | the obligate parasitic bacterium streptococcus equi subsp. equi is the causative agent of strangles, a serious disease of the upper respiratory tract in horses. in this study we have, using shotgun phage display, cloned from s. equi subsp. equi and characterized a gene, called sfs, encoding a protein termed sfs, representing a new type of fibronectin (fn)-binding protein. the sfs gene was found to be present in all 50 isolates of s. equi subsp. equi tested and in 41 of 48 s. equi subsp. zooepide ... | 1999 | 10225899 |
| antibacterial properties of a silver chloride-coated nylon wound dressing. | a silver chloride-coated nylon wound dressing (ag-wd) was evaluated in vitro for antimicrobial activity against five common equine wound pathogens. | 1999 | 10424701 |
| recombinant hyaluronate associated protein as a protective immunogen against streptococcus equi and streptococcus zooepidemicus challenge in mice. | the capsule of streptococcus equi, the cause of strangles, and streptococcus zooepidemicus, associated with equine lower airway disease, plays an important role in evasion of phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leucocytes. it is composed of hyaluronate, making it non-immunogenic. a hyaluronate associated protein (hap) from s. equisimilis, whose gene has been sequenced [1], was investigated (a) for its presence in s. equi and s. zooepidemicus and (b) as an immunogen able to interfere with capsule s ... | 1999 | 10455004 |
| in vivo pathogenicity and resistance to phagocytosis of streptococcus equi strains with different levels of capsule expression. | the glossy non-encapsulated strain of steptococcus equi, nctc 9682, was compared with the matt strain hidaka/95/2 which expresses a medium sized capsule and with the mucoid cf32 which expresses a large sized capsule in phagocytosis assays and for virulence in inoculated horses. the three strains, nctc 9682, hidaka /95/2 and cf32 produced 2.0, 3.1, and 5.3 mg/g wet cells respectively after 3 h incubation, but similar amounts of m-like proteins, cytotoxin and mitogen. nctc 9682 showed no resistanc ... | 1999 | 10466503 |
| the role of hyaluronic acid capsular material of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus in mediating adherence to hela cells and in resisting phagocytosis. | hyaluronic acid is thought to be one of the critical virulence factors of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. the present study was designed to study the role of hyaluronic acid capsular material in mediating adherence and to resist the phagocytosis of the host's immune defence. the studies were performed with two encapsulated s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus and two unencapsulated phase variants. the bacteria had been previously isolated from diseased pigs and monkeys in indonesia. the presenc ... | 1999 | 10502481 |
| molecular characterization of streptococcus equi subspecies equi isolated from an ethiopian camel by ribotyping and pcr-ribotyping. | the aim of this study was to characterize a s. equi subspecies equi strain isolated from an ethiopian camel by different molecular techniques (ribotyping and pcr-ribotyping). we compared the results obtained with those generated from two strains of the pasteur collection. the ribotyping showed the highest power of differentiation, distinguishing between the strains analyzed, whereas pcr-ribotyping was able only to differentiate the camel isolate but not the strains from the pasteur collection. t ... | 1999 | 10555211 |
| cloning, expression, sequence analysis, and characterization of streptokinases secreted by porcine and equine isolates of streptococcus equisimilis. | streptokinases secreted by nonhuman isolates of group c streptococci (streptococcus equi, s. equisimilis, and s. zooepidemicus) have been shown to bind to different mammalian plasminogens but exhibit preferential plasminogen activity. the streptokinase genes from s. equisimilis strains which activated either equine or porcine plasminogen were cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the streptokinase secreted by the equine isolate had little similarity to any known streptokinases se ... | 1999 | 10569766 |
| isolation and further characterization of phase variants of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. | in the present study the soft agar technique was used to isolate phase variants of s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus-cultures isolated from infections of horses. the phase variants were characterized by a compact or diffuse colony morphology in this media. the variants could be cultivated separately and further characterized genotypically by rapd analysis and by macrorestriction analysis of their chromosomal dna by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, indicating the identity of both strains of each pair ... | 1999 | 10676151 |
| empyema of the guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum) in horses: 91 cases (1977-1997). | to identify features of guttural pouch (auditory tube diverticulum) empyema in horses and compare findings of uncomplicated guttural pouch empyema with guttural pouch empyema complicated by chondroids. | 1999 | 14567432 |
| [sensitivity of groups a, b and c beta hemolytic streptococci to antibiotics]. | we studied the susceptibility of 330 strains of beta hemolytic streptococci (60 group a, 125 group b, 145 group c) isolated from healthy school children in las palmas de gran canaria to 17 antibiotics. only 2% of group a streptococci showed resistance to erythromycin, and 18% to 31% of the beta hemolytic streptococci strains were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. all of these strains showed susceptibility to betalactam antibiotics, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and vancomycin. most of t ... | 1999 | 10878511 |
| streptococcus infantarius sp. nov., streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius subsp. nov. and streptococcus infantarius subsp. coli subsp. nov., isolated from humans and food. | eighteen strains isolated from human specimens or from food products were characterized as atypical variants of mannitol-negative streptococcus bovis. they were tested for extended biochemical criteria, ribotyping and dna-dna hybridization in order to define their taxonomic status. these strains were demonstrated to constitute a dna relatedness group that includes strains of dna group 4 of farrow et al. (1984). comparative analysis of 16s rrna sequences demonstrated that these strains represent ... | 2000 | 10939646 |
| bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract in 34 horses. | to investigate associations between the bacteriology and aspects of history, clinical presentation, outcome and pathology of lower respiratory tract disease of 34 horses. | 2000 | 10979512 |
| identification of lipoprotein homologues of pneumococcal psaa in the equine pathogens streptococcus equi and streptococcus zooepidemicus. | streptococcus equi and streptococcus zooepidemicus are major etiological agents of upper and lower airway disease in horses. despite the considerable animal suffering and economic burden associated with these diseases, the factors that contribute to the virulence of these equine pathogens have not been extensively investigated. here we demonstrate the presence of a homologue of the streptococcus pneumoniae psaa protein in both of these equine pathogens. inhibition of signal peptide processing by ... | 2000 | 10992520 |
| septic orchitis in an alpaca. | an adult, intact male alpaca was presented with an acute onset of unilateral scrotal swelling. following complete physical and ultrasonographic examination, the most likely differential diagnoses were orchitis, hematoma, and testicular torsion. the animal was castrated and histopathologic evaluation revealed unilateral orchitis. streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was cultured. | 2000 | 10992989 |
| fetal maceration and retention of fetal bones in a mare. | a 19-year-old quarter horse mare was evaluated because of bloody vaginal discharge that was apparent immediately following breeding. on transrectal ultrasonography, it was evident that the uterus was filled with fluid containing echogenic particles; linear hyperechoic structures were also visible. endoscopy was performed, which revealed a number of bones adhered to the cranial wall and floor of the right uterine horn as well as purulent fluid in both uterine horns. bacterial endometritis and fet ... | 2000 | 10997161 |
| induction of mucosal and systemic antibody specific for semf3 of streptococcus equi by intranasal vaccination using a sucrose acetate isobutyrate based delivery system. | streptococcus equi causes equine strangles, a highly contagious disease of the upper respiratory tract. the antiphagocytic surface protein sem is strongly immunogenic and evokes mucosal and systemic antibodies during convalescence. the present study investigated the potential of sucrose acetate isobutyrate (saib); a high viscosity excipient that provides controlled release of biologically active substances, to enhance antibody responses following intranasal immunization of horses with a 108 a.a. ... | 2000 | 11027813 |
| neither the a- nor b-repeat regions of the fibrinogen-binding protein of streptococcus equi subsp. equi are essential for fibrinogen binding. | the major cell wall-associated protein (fgbp) of streptococcus equi subsp. equi possesses two internal blocks of repeated sequence (a and b) and binds horse fibrinogen (fg) avidly through residues located in the n-terminal half of the molecule. in the present study, we investigated the roles of the two repeats blocks in fg binding through construction of recombinant fgbp proteins containing defined internal deletions of sequence. ligand binding experiments clearly showed that neither repeat is e ... | 2000 | 11034298 |
| analysis of immunoreactivity to a streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus m-like protein to confirm an outbreak of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, and sequences of m-like proteins from isolates obtained from different host species. | the etiologic agent of a large 1998 outbreak of poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (psgn) in nova serrana, brazil, was found likely to be a specific strain of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus from contaminated cheese (s. balter et al., lancet 355:1776-1780, 2000). in the present study, we used a serologic screen for a known surface-exposed virulence factor to confirm the epidemiologic findings. using primers flanking a previously characterized m-like protein gene (j. f. timoney et ... | 2000 | 11060079 |
| endoscopic and bacteriological findings in a chronic outbreak of strangles. | recently there has been increased awareness of the role of the carrier state in propagating streptococcus equi var equi (s equi) infections (strangles), although the anatomical location of the organisms in chronic carriers has not been consistently established. this case report describes a chronic strangles outbreak in a riding school, that was monitored over six months by repeated clinical and endoscopic guttural pouch examinations. all asymptomatic horses that had positive s equi cultures on n ... | 2000 | 11093400 |
| control of strangles outbreaks by isolation of guttural pouch carriers identified using pcr and culture of streptococcus equi. | previous use of repeated nasopharyngeal swabbing and culture of streptococcus equi showed that healthy carriers developed in more than 50% of 'strangles' outbreaks. the guttural pouches were the only detectable site of s. equi colonisation on endoscopic examination of horses during one of these outbreaks and s. equi was sometimes not detected by culture of nasopharyngeal swabs from carriers for up to 2 or 3 months before nasal shedding resumed sporadically. a more sensitive way of detecting s. e ... | 2000 | 11093626 |
| elimination of guttural pouch infection and inflammation in asymptomatic carriers of streptococcus equi. | three protracted outbreaks of strangles were investigated using endoscopic examination and a total of 14 asymptomatic carriers of streptococcus equi were identified of which 13 showed evidence of carriage in the guttural pouch. treatment was initiated to eliminate s. equi colonisation since these animals posed an infectious risk to susceptible horses. two further horses were referred to us with severe guttural pouch pathology and from which s. equi was cultured, and treatment of these cases is a ... | 2000 | 11093627 |
| investigations towards an efficacious and safe strangles vaccine: submucosal vaccination with a live attenuated streptococcus equi. | as part of a search for a safe and efficacious strangles vaccine, several different vaccines and different vaccination routes were tested in foals. the degree of protection was evaluated after an intranasal challenge with virulent streptococcus equi by clinical, postmortem and bacteriological examinations. inactivated vaccines containing either native purified m-protein (500 microg per dose) or whole s equi cells (10(10) cells per dose) administered at least twice intramuscularly at intervals of ... | 2000 | 11104039 |
| characterization of acid phosphatase activities in the equine pathogen streptococcus equi. | acid phosphatases hydrolyse phosphomonoesters at acidic ph in a variety of physiological contexts. the recently defined class c family of acid phosphatases includes the 32 kda lppc lipoprotein of streptococcus equisimilis. to define further the distribution of acid phosphatases in the genus streptococcus we have examined the equine pathogens streptococcus equi subsp. equi and streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. whole cell assays indicated that these organisms possess two acid phosphatases w ... | 2000 | 11108009 |
| identification of methionine-processed hpr in the equine pathogen streptococcus equi. | using preparative electrophoresis, a low molecular weight protein has been partially purified from a cell extract of the equine pathogen streptococcus equi susp. equi. n-terminal sequence analysis and western blotting revealed the protein to be hpr, a central component of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (pts). interestingly, the only form of the hpr protein detected in s. equi was one with the amino-terminal methionine removed, a modification that has previously been asso ... | 2000 | 11108010 |
| pathogenesis of streptococcus zooepidemicus infection after intratracheal inoculation in llamas. | to test whether generalized streptococcus zooepidemicus infection could be induced by intratracheal inoculation in llamas and to characterize this infection. | 2000 | 11131593 |
| ulcerative keratitis caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus equi in 11 horses. | purpose to describe 11 clinical cases of ulcerative keratitis in horses associated with beta-hemolytic streptococcus equi in florida, usa. methods: retrospective clinical study (1996-99). results: beta-hemolytic streptococcus equi was cultured from 11 horses with deep ulcers, descemetoceles or iris prolapse (n = 8), a suture abscess found with a penetrating keratoplasty for a stromal abscess (n = 1), and ulceration that developed following keratectomy/irradiation for corneal squamous cell carcin ... | 2000 | 11397293 |
| retrospective study of the relationships between age, inflammation and the isolation of bacteria from the lower respiratory tract of thoroughbred horses. | a total of 1235 tracheal aspirates taken from 724 thoroughbreds in race training, aged from two to 10 years, were examined cytologically and bacteriologically. an inflammation scoring system on a scale of 0 to 9 was devised to allow the severity of lower airway disease to be assessed from the cytological results. the inflammation scores were closely related to the isolation of bacteria (p<0.001), and the most common bacterial isolates were streptococcus zooepidemicus, streptococcus pneumoniae an ... | 2000 | 10682693 |
| determination of intraspecies variations of the v2 region of the 16s rrna gene of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. | the 16s rrna gene of 39 s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains and two s. equi subsp. equi strains was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subsequently digested with the restriction enzyme hinc ii. a restriction profile with two fragments with sizes of 1250 bp and 200 bp could be observed for both s. equi subsp. equi strains and for 30 of the 39 s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus strains indicating a sequence variation within the v2 region of the 16s rrna gene of the remaining nine s. equi subsp. ... | 2000 | 10684756 |
| comparison of the phenotypes of streptococcus zooepidemicus isolated from tonsils of healthy horses and specimens obtained from foals and donkeys with pneumonia. | to determine whether streptococcal pneumonia is caused by strains of streptococcus zooepidemicus similar to those obtained from the tonsils of healthy horses. | 2000 | 10685688 |
| streptococcus equinus endocarditis in a woman with pulmonary histiocytosis. | 2000 | 10697059 | |
| detection of dna restriction fragment polymorphisms in streptococcus equi. | large-restriction-fragment (lrf) polymorphisms in streptococcus equi (s equi subspecies equi) were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. five or six chromosomal fragments of between 194 and 915 kb were separated by digestion with the restriction endonuclease notl. all 20 isolates of s equi, including 12 from independent japanese outbreaks, four from independent american outbreaks, two from a single irish outbreak, us vaccine strain f43, and type strain nctc 9682 were successfully typed. s ... | 2000 | 10706310 |
| localization and characterization of the ligand-binding domain of the fibrinogen-binding protein (fgbp) of streptococcus equi subsp. equi. | the group c streptococcus streptococcus equi subsp. equi possesses a 498-residue major cell-wall-associated protein (fgbp) which binds horse fibrinogen (fg), reacts with convalescent horse serum and protects against lethal s. equi challenge in a small animal model. in the present study, analysis of a panel of 17 purified n- and c-terminal fgbp truncates by ligand affinity blotting and sds-page revealed that the region required for maximum binding of fg extended over the first half of the mature ... | 2000 | 10832647 |
| epidemic nephritis in nova serrana, brazil. | outbreaks of nephritis have been rare since the 1970s. from december, 1997, to july, 1998, 253 cases of acute nephritis were identified in nova serrana, brazil. seven patients required dialysis, and three patients died. we did a case-control study to investigate the cause of the outbreak. | 2000 | 10832828 |
| streptococcus equi with truncated m-proteins isolated from outwardly healthy horses. | the m-protein genes of streptococcus equi isolated from 17 outwardly healthy horses after 4 strangles outbreaks had ended, including a quarantined animal, were compared with those of s. equi isolates from 167 active cases of strangles across 4 countries. the healthy horses included 16 persistent s. equi carriers, at least one from each of the four outbreaks. these carriers, despite being outwardly healthy, had empyema of the guttural pouch(es), an enlargement of the equine eustachian tube. a per ... | 2000 | 10846214 |
| use of repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction for molecular epidemiologic analysis of streptococcus equi subspecies equi. | to determine whether repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr) could be used to differentiate streptococcus equi isolates, to examine s equi isolates from throughout the world, and to determine whether a horse had > 1 subtype of s equi during an outbreak of disease. | 2000 | 10850848 |
| streptococcus equinus endocarditis in a patient with pulmonary histiocytosis x. | 2000 | 10866592 | |
| [infection due to streptococcus zooepidemicus in a patient with bronchogenic carcinoma: a rare zoonosis]. | 2001 | 11412521 | |
| peritonitis in a llama caused by streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. | a 7-month-old, male llama was diagnosed with peritonitis caused by streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. clinical findings, medical treatment, and case outcome are described. hematogenous dissemination from suspected pneumonia is proposed as the route of infection in this case. possible transmission of the organism through contact with horses is discussed. | 2001 | 11424579 |
| follow-up of patients with epidemic poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. | in 1998 there was a large outbreak of acute glomerulonephritis (gn) in nova serrana, brazil, caused by group c streptococcus zooepidemicus and linked to the consumption of contaminated cheese produced with unpasteurized milk. this study describes the follow-up of these patients after a mean of 2 years following the acute episode. of 134 patients identified in 1998, 69 patients were reexamined and underwent measurements of blood pressure, 24-hour creatinine clearance, microalbuminuria (radioimmun ... | 2001 | 11479149 |
| acute bacterial arthritis caused by group c streptococci. | to summarize the characteristics of and clinical experience with joint infection by group c streptococcus. | 2001 | 11503138 |
| enteric bacteria counteract lipopolysaccharide induction of antimicrobial peptide genes. | the humoral immunity of drosophila involves the production of antimicrobial peptides, which are induced by evolutionary conserved microbial molecules, like lps. by using drosophila mbn-2 cells, we found that live bacteria, including e. coli, salmonella typhimurium, erwinia carotovora, and pseudomonas aeruginosa, prevented lps from inducing antimicrobial peptide genes, while micrococcus luteus and streptococcus equi did not. the inhibitory effect was seen at bacterial levels from 20 per mbn-2 cel ... | 2001 | 11739510 |
| the fibrinogen-binding protein (fgbp) of streptococcus equi subsp. equi additionally binds igg and contributes to virulence in a mouse model. | the major cell-wall-associated protein of the equine pathogen streptococcus equi subsp. equi is an m-like fibrinogen-binding protein (fgbp) which binds equine fibrinogen (fg) avidly, through residues located at the extreme n-terminus of the molecule. in this study, it is shown that fgbp additionally binds equine igg-fc. when tested against polyclonal igg from ten other animal species, it was found that fgbp binds human, rabbit, pig and cat igg, but does not bind mouse, rat, goat, sheep, cow or c ... | 2001 | 11739763 |
| rapid immunohistochemical detection of rhodococcus equi in impression smears from affected foals on postmortem examination. | the first objective of this study was to develop an immunohistochemical procedure for rapid detection of rhodococcus equi in impression smears from affected organs of foals on postmortem examination. the second aim was to demonstrate whether r. equi can be detected in smears of tracheal exudates collected from the same foals using an immunohistochemical method. impression smears and cryostat and paraffin-embedded sections were made from the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes of three foals (a, b ... | 2001 | 11846020 |
| comparison of the fibronectin-binding protein fne from streptococcus equi subspecies equi with fnz from s. equi subspecies zooepidemicus reveals a major and conserved difference. | the gene fnz from streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus encodes a cell surface protein that binds fibronectin (fn). fifty tested isolates of s. equi subspecies equi all contain dna sequences with similarity to fnz. this work describes the cloning and sequencing of a gene, designated fne, with similarity to fnz from two s. equi subspecies equi isolates. the dna sequences were found to be identical in the two strains, and sequence comparison of the fne and fnz genes revealed only minor diffe ... | 2001 | 11292736 |
| group c streptococcal meningitis: case report and review of the literature. | group c streptococci are a common cause of epidemic bacterial infection in animals. these organisms are a rare but frequently fatal cause of meningitis in humans. we report the case of a 13-year-old girl with meningitis caused by a group c streptococcus (streptococcus zooepidemicus) successfully treated with vancomycin and third generation cephalosporins. we also review cases of group c streptococcal meningitis reported previously. | 2001 | 11332674 |
| streptococcal meningitis resulting from contact with an infected horse. | we report a case of group c streptococcal meningitis in a woman with a history of close animal contact as well as head trauma as a result of a kick by a horse. blood and cerebrospinal fluid cultures grew streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus, as did a throat culture taken from the colt that had kicked her 2 weeks prior to admission. | 2001 | 11376093 |
| surface immunolocalisation of hpr in the equine pathogen streptococcus equi. | we have investigated the surface localisation of the phosphotransferase system protein hpr in the equine pathogen streptococcus equi subsp. equi using immunogold localisation and transmission electron microscopy. like the lppc acid phosphatase lipoprotein, a reference surface antigen, the s. equi hpr could be clearly detected on the surfaces of intact cells. this study is consistent with previous reports that some streptococcal hpr is cell surface associated and suggests that the extracytoplasmi ... | 2001 | 11876354 |
| unusual outbreak of clinical mastitis in dairy sheep caused by streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. | this work describes an outbreak of clinical mastitis affecting 13 of 58 lactating ewes due to streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. s. equi subsp. zooepidemicus was isolated in pure culture from all milk samples. all the clinical isolates had identical biochemical profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and also exhibited indistinguishable macrorestriction patterns by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, indicating that all cases of mastitis were produced by a single strain. | 2002 | 11880454 |
| the molecular basis of streptococcus equi infection and disease. | streptococcus equi is the aetiological agent of strangles, one of the most prevalent diseases of the horse. the animal suffering and economic burden associated with this disease necessitate effective treatment. current antibiotic therapy is often ineffective and thus recent attention has focused on vaccine development. a systematic understanding of s. equi virulence, leading to the identification of targets to which protective immunity can be directed, is a prerequisite of the development of suc ... | 2002 | 11932201 |
| development and application of quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay based on the abi 7700 system (taqman) for detection and quantification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | numerous reports have described diagnostic methods based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) used to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of johne's disease. the result of conventional pcr tests has been only qualitative, either positive or negative; it does not present any quantitative information about the number of the agents in the specimen. a quantitative pcr method (is900 taqman) was developed to measure the number of m. a. paratuberculosis organisms p ... | 2002 | 11939333 |
| dissemination of the phage-associated novel superantigen gene spel in recent invasive and noninvasive streptococcus pyogenes m3/t3 isolates in japan. | in japan, more than 10% of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (tsls) cases have been caused by streptococcus pyogenes m3/t3 isolates since the first reported tsls case in 1992. most m3/t3 isolates from tsls or severe invasive infection cases during 1992 to 2001 and those from noninvasive cases during this period are indistinguishable in pulsed-field gel electropherograms. the longest fragments of these recent isolates were 300 kb in size, whereas those of isolates recovered during or before ... | 2002 | 12011018 |
| aqueous and solid complexes of iron(iii) with hyaluronic acid. potentiometric titrations and infrared spectroscopy studies. | the coordination of iron(iii) ion to hyaluronic acid (hyal) in aqueous solutions and solid state was accomplished by potentiometric titrations and infrared spectroscopy. the potentiometric titration studies provided the binding constants for the complexes found in the systems and the speciation of these species according to the variation of ph values. the complexes found presented a complexing ability through both the chelating moieties of hyal (via the n-glucosamine and d-glucoronic acid), show ... | 2002 | 12062125 |
| [streptococcal infection is no zoonosis!]. | 2002 | 12096466 | |
| [regulation of transcription in the system of genes responsible for bacteriocins production in streptococcus equi ]. | bacteriocin production in many gram-positive bacteria is controlled by a two-component regulatory system that is composed of the sensor protein and the response regulator. in this work, methods of computer analysis were used to describe the locus of genes responsible for the synthesis of class ii bacteriocins in the streptococcus equi genome. potential regulatory sites (direct repeats) recognized by a dna-binding protein of the corresponding two-component system were predicted. | 2002 | 12174583 |