Publications

the uptake and metabolism of bacteria, amino acids, glucose and starch by the spined and spineless forms of the rumen ciliate entodinium caudatum.	spined and spineless forms of entodinium caudatum were obtained by growth in vivo in the presence and absence, respectively, of entodinium bursa. washed suspensions of both forms engulfed all the bacteria tested although the spined form took them up 1.3 to 1.9 times more rapidly per unit volume of protozoon than did the spineless form. buytrivibrio fibrisolvens and selenomonas ruminantium were rapidly digested by the spined form after engulfment. free amino acids were taken up on average 3.1 tim ...	1980	6775042
outer membrane proteins and cell surface structure of selenomonas ruminantium.	the protein compositions of the membrane preparations from selenomonas ruminantium grown in glucose or lactate medium were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate- and two-dimensional (first, isoelectric focusing; second, sodium dodecyl sulfate) polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. the outer membrane from both glucose- and lactate-grown cells contained two major proteins with apparent molecular weights of 42,000 and 40,000. these proteins existed as peptidoglycan-associated proteins in the oute ...	1980	7364720
effect of ph on the efficiency of growth by pure cultures of rumen bacteria in continuous culture.	a total of 10 strains of rumen bacteria, selenomonas ruminantium hd4, megasphaera elsdenii b159, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens a38, streptococcus bovis jb1, lactobacillus vitulinus ga1, bacteroides ruminicola b14, b. ruminicola ga33, ruminococcus albus 7, ruminococcus flavefaciens c94, and bacteroides succinogenes s85, were grown in energy-limiteh of the medium reservoir was lowered approximately 0.3 ph units, and the energy source concentration remaining in the culture vessel, optical density, cell ...	1980	7387158
cytoplasmic reserve polysaccharide of selenomonas ruminantium.	selenomonas ruminantium accumulated large quantities of intracellular polysaccharide when grown in simple defined medium in a chemostat, particularly at low dilution rate under nh3 limitation when the carbohydrate content of the cells was greater than 40% of the dry weight. this polysaccharide was used as a source of energy under conditions of energy starvation. abundant, densely staining cytoplasmic granules were observed by electron microscopy in sections stained by the periodic acid-thiocarbo ...	1980	7387159
ammonia saturation constants for predominant species of rumen bacteria.	ammonia saturation constants were determined for representative pure cultures of predominant, anaerobic, fermentative rumen bacteria. based on growth experiments with ammonia limited continuous cultures, average estimates for ammonia saturation constants of bacteroides amylophillus and bacteroides ruminicola were 10.5 and 23.5 microm ammonia-nitrogen, respectively. with ammonia-limited linear-growth cultures, the estimates for the ammonia saturation constants of b. amylophilus, b. ruminicola, an ...	1980	7419777
structure of carboxymyoglobin in crystals and in solution.	the configuration of the heme-carbonyl group upon binding of carbon monoxide to sperm whale myoglobin (mb) in crystals is evaluated on the basis of infrared spectroscopic methods. multiplets of the totally symmetric c-o stretching mode are observed for the heme-bound ligand near 1933, 1944, and 1967 cm-1, corresponding to three different heme-carbonyl conformers. variations in the relative proportions of these conformers can be induced by incorporation of small fractions of metmb or deoxymb into ...	1980	293700
postoperative irradiation of glioblastomas. results in a randomized series.	a material of 108 patients with glioblastoma is presented. the series was randomized in two groups: cases only operated upon and cases with postoperative irradiation in addition. patients dead within 2 months after operation were excluded in estimating the real value of the postoperative irradiation. the irradiated cases had a 6-month survival rate of 64 per cent and a one-year survival rate of 19 per cent; the non-irradiated cases a 6-month survival rate of 28 per cent and a one-year survival r ...	1981	216238
the nurse who came to play.		1981	243968
the medicinal mistletoe.		1981	243851
temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.		1981	243839
poliomyelitis in the united states.		1981	217252
characterization of the cecal bacteria of normal pigs.	one hundred ninety-two isolates from cecal contents of three normal weaned pigs were obtained by means of anaerobic roll tube methods and were characterized. seventy-eight percent of the isolates were gram-negative. the most numerous species isolated from each of the pigs was bacteroides ruminicola. this species accounted for 35% of the isolates that were characterized, and selenomonas ruminantium accounted for 21% of the isolates. other gram-negative bacteria isolated from all three pigs were b ...	1981	7235711
cadaverine is covalently linked to peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium.	cadaverine was found to exist as a component of cell wall peptidoglycan of selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic bacterium. [14c]cadaverine added to the growth medium was incorporated into the cells, and about 70% of the total radioactivity incorporated was found in the peptidoglycan fraction. when the [14c]cadaverine-labeled peptidoglycan preparation was acid hydrolyzed, all of the 14c counts were recovered as cadaverine. the [14c]cadaverine-labeled peptidoglycan preparation was digeste ...	1981	7462141
regulation of urease and ammonia assimilatory enzymes in selenomonas ruminantium.	urease and glutamine synthetase activities in selenomonas ruminantium strain d were highest in cells grown in ammonia-limited, linear-growth cultures or when certain compounds other than ammonia served as the nitrogen source and limited the growth rate in batch cultures. glutamate dehydrogenase activity was highest during glucose (energy)-limited growth or when ammonia was not growth limiting. a positive correlation (r = 0.96) between glutamine synthetase and urease activities was observed for a ...	1981	6114707
effects of long-chain fatty acids on growth of rumen bacteria.	the effects of low concentrations of long-chain fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, and vaccenic) on the growth of seven species (13 strains) of rumen bacteria were investigated. except for bacteroides ruminicola and several strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, bacterial growth was not greatly affected by either palmitic or stearic acids. in contrast, growth of selenomonas ruminantium, b. ruminicola, and one strain of b. fibrisolvens was stimulated by oleic acid, whereas the cellulolytic spe ...	1981	16345887
chemical structure of peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium: cadaverine links covalently to the d-glutamic acid residue of peptidoglycan.	the peptidoglycan of selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic bacterium, contains cadaverine (y. kamio, y. itoh, y. terawaki, and t. kusano, j. bacteriol. 145:122-128, 1981). this report describes the chemical structure of the peptidoglycan of this bacterium. the [14c]cadaverine-labeled peptidoglycan was degraded with the lytic enzymes prepared from streptomyces albus g into three small fragments including a major fragment (band a compound). bank a compound was composed of l-alanine, d-glut ...	1981	6783621
isolation and presumptive identification of adherent epithelial bacteria ("epimural" bacteria) from the ovine rumen wall.	one hundred sixty-one strains of adherent bacteria were isolated under anaerobic conditions from four sites on the rumen epithelial surface of sheep fed hay or a hay-grain ration. before isolation of bacteria, rumen tissue was washed six times in an anaerobic dilution solution, and viable bacteria suspended in the washings were counted. calculation indicated that unattached bacteria would have been removed from the tissue by this procedure, but a slow and progressive release of attached bacteria ...	1981	7195191
a note on the fermentation of pectin by pure strains and combined cultures of rumen bacteria.	bacteroides ruminicola, pure or combined with selenomonas ruminantium, and lachnospira multiparus, pure or combined with succinivibrio dextrinosolvens, were grown on a medium with pectin as energy source. there was a difference in fermentation products between the pure and combined cultures and efficiency of substrate utilization was better with the combined cultures.	1981	6168176
long-term nutrient starvation of continuously cultured (glucose-limited) selenomonas ruminantium.	selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic ruminal bacterium, was grown at various dilution rates (d = 0.05, 0.25, and 0.35 h-1) under glucose-limited continuous culture conditions. suspensions of washed cells prepared anaerobically in mineral buffer were subjected to nutrient starvation (24 to 36 h; 39 degrees c; n2 atmosphere). regardless of growth rate, viability declined logarithmically, and within about 2.5 h, about 50% of the populations were nonviable. after 24 h of starvation, the num ...	1981	6170629
effect of ph on growth rates of rumen amylolytic and lactilytic bacteria.	the relationship between the ph of the medium and specific growth rates, in well-buffered media at 38.5 degrees c, was determined for three strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and for one strain each of streptococcus bovis, selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica. megasphaera elsdenii, veillonella alcalescens, and propionibacterium acnes. the ph optima for growth were between 6.1 and 6.6 for all six species, and the upper ph limits were between 7.3 and 7.8. the lower limit ph values for grow ...	1982	7125656
changes in viability, cell composition, and enzyme levels during starvation of continuously cultured (ammonia-limited) selenomonas ruminantium.	under nitrogen (ammonia)-limited continuous culture conditions, the ruminal anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium was grown at various dilution rates (d). the proportion of the population that was viable increased with d, being 91% at d = 0.5 h. washed cell suspensions were subjected to long-term nutrient starvation at 39 degrees c. all populations exhibited logarithmic linear declines in viability that were related to the growth rate. cells grown at d = 0.05, 0.20, and 0.50 lost about 50% viability ...	1982	16346116
biosynthesis of cadaverine-containing peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium.	cadaverine links covalently to the d-glutamic acid residue of the peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium (kamio, y., itoh, y., and terawaki, y (1981) j. bacteriol. 146, 49-53). this report describes the enzymatic properties of the particulate enzyme preparation in s. ruminantium which catalyzes the addition of cadaverine to the alpha-carboxyl group of d-glutamic acid residue of the peptidoglycan. incorporation of cadaverine into the peptidoglycan ...	1982	7037782
alpha-ketoglutarate metabolism by cytochrome-containing anaerobes.	during growth in the presence of tracer amounts of exogenously supplied alpha-keto[1-14c]glutarate (akg) or alpha-keto [5-14c]glutarate, cytochrome-containing bacteroides fragilis strain 2044 and bacteroides vulgatus strain 8482 incorporated extremely small amounts of radioactivity into cell macromolecules and protoheme. under identical conditions, bacteroides "l" strain 7cm and bacteroides buccae strain j1 incorporated substantial label from [5-14c]akg, but not [1-14c]akg, into cellular macromo ...	1983	6413047
effects of chetomin on growth and acidic fermentation products of rumen bacteria.	chetomin, an antibiotic metabolite of chaetomium spp., was tested in the form of its tetrathiol derivative for its effects on growth and carbohydrate metabolism by five strains of functionally important rumen bacteria. the compound was bacteriostatic for the strains tested and gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to inhibition than gram-negative bacteria. in an anaerobic broth dilution assay using a medium lacking rumen fluid, the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of chetomin which co ...	1983	6686488
purification and properties of selenomonas ruminantium lysine decarboxylase.	selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic, gram-negative bacterium isolated from sheep rumen, contains lysine decarboxylase (y. kamio et al., j. bacteriol. 145:122-128, 1981). this report describes the synthesis, purification, and characterization of the enzyme. lysine decarboxylase was synthesized in cells grown in chemically defined medium without lysine. the enzyme was purified approximately 1,800-fold to electrophoretic homogeneity. the native enzyme of approximate molecular weight 88,00 ...	1983	6401702
changes in metabolism and cell size of the anaerobic bacterium selenomonas ruminantium 0078a at the onset of growth in continuous culture.	initial metabolism of selenomonas ruminantium 0078a in continuous culture was characterized by a high lactate and low volatile fatty acid production; this was associated with poor growth as determined by bacterial dry weight production, yet individual cells were considerably larger than those of the inoculum. biomass production increased, cell size decreased and the fermentation pattern reverted to the characteristic low lactate and high volatile fatty acid production after approximately 90 h gr ...	1984	6746466
the uptake and utilization of entodinium caudatum, bacteria, free amino acids and glucose by the rumen ciliate entodinium bursa.	washed suspensions of entodinium bursa were incubated anaerobically with entodinium caudatum, ten species of bacteria and a yeast. the rate of uptake and digestion of these micro-organisms was investigated. protozoa grown in vivo did not engulf proteus mirabilis or klebsiella aerogenes but rapidly took up bacillus megaterium. selenomonas ruminantium, torulopsis glabrata and streptococcus bovis, although only the last was digested with release of soluble material into the medium. protozoa grown i ...	1984	6427172
selenite uptake and incorporation by selenomonas ruminantium.	selenite uptake and incorporation in selenomonas ruminantium was constitutive with an inducible component. it was distinct from sulphate or selenate transport, since sulphate and selenate did not inhibit uptake, nor could sulphate or selenate uptake be demonstrated. selenite uptake had an apparent km of 1.28 mm and a vmax of 148 ng se min-1 mg-1 protein. uptake was sensitive to inhibition by 2,4-dinitrophenol (dnp), carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (cccp), azide, iodoacetic acid (iaa) a ...	1984	6442129
turn-over of phospholipids in selenomonas ruminantium.	the particulate enzyme prepared from selenomonas ruminantium subsp. lactilytica catalyzed the formation of phosphatidylserine (ps) from cdp-diglyceride and serine, and phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) from ps. this indicates that ps and pe in this organism are synthesized through a similar pathway to that in escherichia coli. in turn-over experiments with [32p]orthophosphate and [14c]caproate, a rapid turn-over of pe was observed, while ethanolamine plasmalogen was relatively stable. the decrease o ...	1984	6325403
x-ray tv system for measuring microcirculation in small pulmonary vessels.	we developed a new system that consists of 1) a specially designed x-ray apparatus, 2) an x-ray-sensitive 1-in. vidicon camera, and 3) a digital image-processing device. the picture element is approximately 20 micron in size, and the time required for one frame is 1/30 s. using this system, we measured the internal diameter (id), the cross-sectional area, flow velocity, volume flow, and transit time of small pulmonary vessels of approximately 100-500 micron at control and with serotonin in anest ...	1985	4055558
enrichment and isolation of rumen bacteria that reduce trans- aconitic acid to tricarballylic acid.	bacteria from the bovine rumen capable of reducing trans-aconitate to tricarballylate were enriched in an anaerobic chemostat containing rumen fluid medium and aconitate. after 9 days at a dilution rate of 0.07 h, the medium was diluted and plated in an anaerobic glove box. three types of isolates were obtained from the plates (a crescent-shaped organism, a pleomorphic rod, and a spiral-shaped organism), and all three produced tricarballylate in batch cultures that contained glucose and trans-ac ...	1985	16346691
intracoronary naloxone in hemorrhagic shock: dose-dependent stereospecific effects.	treatment with naloxone improves cardiovascular function and survival in a variety of shock models, and numerous sites and mechanisms for its action have been proposed. data presented in this article support the hypothesis that in hemorrhagic shock naloxone exerts its beneficial hemodynamic effects by acting primarily at cardiac opiate receptors. naloxone or its stereoisomer (d-naloxone) were administered intravenously (iv) and directly into the coronary circulation (ic) in dogs anesthetized wit ...	1985	4025562
ultrastructural observations on the sporogony of eimeria maxima.		1985	4093234
[a case of resected renal cell carcinoma with massive pancreatic metastases].	a case of resected renal cell carcinoma with massive pancreatic metastases is reported. a 72-year-old man was diagnosed as suffering from obstructive jaundice. massive pancreatic tumor and left renal tumor were shown by several kinds of radiological examination. total pancreatectomy and left nephrectomy were performed. postoperatively this case was histologically diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma with massive pancreatic metastases. very few cases of resected renal cell carcinoma with pancreatic ...	1985	3981807
heterogeneity of alkaline phosphatase observed by high-performance liquid chromatography.		1985	4030971
effect of phenobarbital on the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and the remodeling of nodules induced by the initiation-selection model.	the effect of subsequent administration of phenobarbital on the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (ggt) activity and on the remodeling of nodules induced by the solt-farber procedure was examined in rats. ggt-nodules were initiated by diethylnitrosamine (dena) followed by selection with 2-acetylaminofluorene (2aaf) in the diet and a partial hepatectomy (ph). phenobarbital (500 ppm in the drinking water), administered to rats that were previously treated according to the solt-farber procedure, (1) inc ...	1985	2860967
theoretical mechanisms for synthesis of carcinogen-induced embryonic proteins: xiv. mutational and non-mutational mechanisms as subsets of a more general mechanism. part c. a defined cancer mutation.	the results of applying a mechanism of ethionine-induced embryonic gene derepressions to explain similar features found in hereditary tyrosinemia have been extended to a well defined cancer mutation. in all three cases, the described mechanism is compatible with the explanation for the etiology of embryonic like phenotypic expressions in cells and potentially for the carcinogenic process. the essence of the formulated process for a human bladder carcinoma mutation in the ras gene for a protein p ...	1985	3853079
the rumen microbiology of seaweed digestion in orkney sheep.	the microbial populations of the rumens of seaweed-fed and pasture-fed orkney sheep were examined. the populations in the pasture-fed sheep were similar to those of other domestic ruminants fed on land plants, but those of the seaweed-fed animals showed major differences in the dominant species. total ciliate populations were quantitatively similar, but in the seaweed-fed animals dasytricha ruminantium was one of the most dominant species. no phycomycete fungi or cellulolytic bacteria were found ...	1985	4030526
human pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies on ro31-1118, a new beta-adrenoceptor antagonist.	the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of ro31-1118 were examined in groups of healthy volunteers. in three subjects given 10 mg of [14c]-ro31-1118 orally, peak levels of radioactivity (84 +/- 5 ng/ml) were 16 times those of the parent drug (approximately 5 ng/ml). very little parent drug was recovered in the urine, although recovery of total radioactivity was nearly 80% in the urine by day 5. in five subjects studied after both oral and intravenous administration of 20 mg ro31-1118 the ...	1985	2859047
stoichiometry of glucose and starch splitting by strains of amylolytic bacteria from the rumen and anaerobic digester.	the stoichiometry of glucose and starch splitting by the amylolytic bacteria streptococcus bovis, selenomonas ruminantium, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, eubacterium ruminantium and clostridium sp. was followed. there were many differences in the ratios of metabolites and in growth yields, as well as in the cell composition, between the growth on glucose and starch. the bacteria employ different nutritional strategies with respect to both energy sources.	1986	3759723
heat production by ruminal bacteria in continuous culture and its relationship to maintenance energy.	selenomonas ruminantium hd4 and bacteroides ruminicola b(1)4 were grown in continuous culture with glucose as the energy source, and heat production was measured continuously with a microcalorimeter. because the bacteria were grown under steady-state conditions, it was possible to calculate complete energy balances for substrate utilization and product formation (cells, fermentation acids, and heat). as the dilution rate increased from 0.04 to 0.60 per h, the heat of fermentation declined from 1 ...	1986	3782021
cadaverine covalently linked to a peptidoglycan is an essential constituent of the peptidoglycan necessary for the normal growth in selenomonas ruminantium.	cadaverine links covalently to the d-glutamic acid residue of the peptidoglycan in selenomonas ruminantium, a strictly anaerobic gram-negative bacterium (kamio, y., itoh, y., and terawaki, y. (1981) j. bacteriol. 146, 49-53). this report clarifies a physiological function of cadaverine in this organism by using dl-alpha-difluoromethyllysine, which had previously been shown to be a selective irreversible inhibitor of lysine decarboxylase of mycoplasma dispar (pösö, h., macann, p.p., tanskanen, r. ...	1986	3084485
phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of hexoses by ruminal bacteria: evidence for the phosphotransferase transport system.	six species of ruminal bacteria were surveyed for the phosphoenolpyruvate (pep)-dependent phosphorylation of glucose. selenomonas ruminantium hd4, streptococcus bovis jb1, and megasphaera elsdenii b159 all showed significant activity, but butyrivibrio fibrisolvens 49, bacteroides succinogenes s85, and bacteroides ruminicola b1(4) showed low rates of pep-dependent phosphorylation and much higher rates in the presence of atp. s. ruminantium hd4, s. bovis jb1, and m. elsdenii b159 also used pep to ...	1986	3789722
fodrin is part of a filamentous cortical sheath of the detergent resistant cytoskeleton of cultured cells before and after cytochalasin treatment.	cytoskeletons of cultured cells prepared under mild conditions in the presence of "stabilization' buffer contain most of the fodrin present in the cells. the fodrin in these cytoskeletons was localized by immunofluorescence microscopy and found to be present in a cortical sheath of fine filaments. in general, the filamentous distribution showed no correspondence with actin bundles as revealed by double-label fluorescence microscopy. however, in cells with large and abundant stress fibers, some c ...	1986	3514218
purification of a nickel-containing urease from the rumen anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium.	urease was purified 592-fold to homogeneity from the anaerobic rumen bacterium selenomonas ruminantium. the urease isolation procedure included a heat step and ion-exchange, hydrophobic, gel filtration, and fast protein liquid chromatography. the purified enzyme exhibited a km for urea of 2.2 +/- 0.5 mm and a vmax of 1100 mumol of urea min-1 mg-1. the molecular mass estimated for the native enzyme was 360,000 +/- 50,000 daltons, whereas a subunit value of 70,000 +/- 2,000 daltons was determined. ...	1986	3711113
myasthenia in patients with dermatomyositis: clinical, electrophysiological and ultrastructural studies.	in 4 patients with clinical signs of dermatomyositis, confirmed by electromyography and muscle biopsy, a form of muscle fatigue was detected which was expressed clinically by predominantly proximal motor deficit, with phonation and deglutition disturbances, slightly influenced by prostigmine. in all patients, stimulation of the ulnar nerve at 3--10 hz induced a decrement of muscle-evoked potentials in abductor digiti minimi and at 15--50 hz an increment at the end of the trains (1.2 sec in durat ...	1986	213537
[breast eczema and breast neoplasms. pseudo paget's disease of the breast].		1987	204113
interstitial cystitis: early diagnosis, pathology, and treatment.	in a retrospective review, 52 patients with interstitial cystitis have been studied. patients with persistent lower tract irritative symptoms, repeatedly sterile urine, and negative urine cytology must be suspected of having interstitial cystitis, and a diagnosis of urethral syndrome in such patients is highly questionable until cystoscopy under anesthesia has been performed. we believe that the finding of multiple petechia-like hemorrhages (glomerulations) on the second distention of the bladde ...	1987	213864
effects of potassium ion concentrations on the antimicrobial activities of ionophores against ruminal anaerobes.	the antimicrobial activities of monensin and lasalocid against representative strains of ruminal bacteria were evaluated in medium containing three different concentrations of potassium (1.3, 7.9, or 23.3 mm). the growth of eubacterium ruminantium was inhibited by low concentrations of ionophores (less than or equal to 0.16 mg/liter), while the strain of streptococcus bovis tested was resistant to high concentrations of ionophores (40 mg/liter) at all potassium concentrations tested. the mics of ...	1987	3426214
further evidence that prolactin does not affect gonadotropin release at pituitary level.	in a primary monolayer cell culture of the anterior pituitary from mature male rats the effects of exogenous rprl (rprl exog.) and endogenously secreted rprl (rprl endog.) on basal and lhrh stimulated lh secretion were investigated. in pilot studies basal prl- and lh secretion as well as influence of various lhrh concentrations (10(-1)-10(+3) ng/ml) on prl- and lh release were observed. the influence of exogenous rprl was studied at various concentrations (50-500 ng/ml) and with preincubation pe ...	1987	3323020
hemodynamic effects of sodium in uremia.		1987	3794516
a novel technique for measuring hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion rates from collection of pituitary venous effluent in the normal horse.	we have described a novel technique for collecting pituitary venous effluent in the horse by placing a cannula in the intercavernous sinus close to the outlet of the pituitary veins using a venous pathway unique to equids. cannula placement and blood collection are carried out painlessly in fully conscious, ambulatory, unstressed animals. there is no interference to hypothalamic, pituitary or target organ function. the blood collected contains readily measurable concentrations of gonadotrophin-r ...	1987	3585231
factors affecting the rate of breakdown of bacterial protein in rumen fluid.	1. the cellular proteins of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, lactobacillus casei, megasphaera elsdenii, selenomonas ruminantium and streptococcus bovis were labelled by growth in the presence of l-[14c]leucine, and the breakdown of labelled protein was measured in incubations of these bacteria with rumen fluid to which unlabelled 5 mm-l-leucine was added. the rate of protein breakdown was estimated from the rate of release of radioactivity into acid-soluble material. 2. protein breakdown occurred at d ...	1987	3118940
fermentation of xylans by butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and other ruminal bacteria.	the ability of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and other ruminal bacteria (6 species, 18 strains) to ferment a crude xylan from wheat straw or to ferment xylans from larchwood or oat spelts was studied. liquid cultures were monitored for carbohydrate utilization, cell growth (protein), and fermentation acid production. b. fibrisolvens 49, h17c, actf2, and d1 grew almost as well on one or more of the xylans as they did on cellobiose-maltose. b. fibrisolvens 12, r28, a38, x10c34, ard22a, and x6c61 exhib ...	1987	3124741
t-2 toxin metabolism by ruminal bacteria and its effect on their growth.	the effect of t-2 toxin on the growth rates of different bacteria was used as a measure of its toxicity. toxin levels of 10 micrograms/ml did not decrease the growth rate of selenomonas ruminantium and anaerovibrio lipolytica, whereas the growth rate of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens was uninhibited at toxin levels as high as 1 mg/ml. there was, however, a noticeable increase in the growth rate of b. fibrisolvens ce46 and ce51 and s. ruminantium in the presence of low concentrations (10 micrograms/ml ...	1987	3579272
structural specificity of diamines covalently linked to peptidoglycan for cell growth of veillonella alcalescens and selenomonas ruminantium.	putrescine and cadaverine are essential constituents of the peptidoglycan of veillonella alcalescens, veillonella parvula, and selenomonas ruminantium and are necessary for the growth of these organisms (y. kamio and k. nakamura, j. bacteriol. 169:2881-2884, 1987, and y. kamio, h. pösö, y. terawaki, and l. paulin, j. biol. chem. 261:6585-6589, 1986). in this study, the structural specificity of the diamine requirement for normal cell growth of these bacteria was examined by using a series of dia ...	1987	3654585
susceptibility and resistance of ruminal bacteria to antimicrobial feed additives.	susceptibility and resistance of ruminal bacterial species to avoparcin, narasin, salinomycin, thiopeptin, tylosin, virginiamycin, and two new ionophore antibiotics, ro22-6924/004 and ro21-6447/009, were determined. generally, antimicrobial compounds were inhibitory to gram-positive bacteria and those bacteria that have gram-positive-like cell wall structure. mics ranged from 0.09 to 24.0 micrograms/ml. gram-negative bacteria were resistant at the highest concentration tested (48.0 micrograms/ml ...	1987	3116929
effect of dietary copper sulfate, aureo sp250, or clinoptilolite on ureolytic bacteria found in the pig large intestine.	the predominant ureolytic bacteria in the pig large intestine were determined while growing pigs were fed a basal diet or basal diet plus copper sulfate, aureo sp250, or clinoptilolite. fecal samples were collected from four pigs fed each diet at 3, 9, and 14 weeks and analyzed for total colony counts and percent ureolytic bacteria. fecal urease activity, ammonia nitrogen, and identity of the ureolytic bacteria were determined at 14 weeks. copper sulfate and aureo sp250 reduced the number of ure ...	1987	2823707
isolation and characterization of a temperate bacteriophage from the ruminal anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium.	a temperate bacteriophage was obtained from an isolate of the ruminal anaerobe selenomonas ruminantium. clear plaques that became turbid on further incubation occurred on a lawn of host bacteria. cells picked from a turbid plaque produced healthy liquid cultures, but these often lysed on storage. mid-log-phase liquid cultures incubated with the bacteriophage lysed and released infectious particles with a titer of up to 3 x 10(7) pfu/ml. a laboratory strain of s. ruminantium, hd-4, was also sensi ...	1988	2843096
intravenous immune globulin in symptomatic paediatric human immunodeficiency virus infection.	seven paediatric patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection were prospectively studied for 6-24 months after the start of intravenous immune globulin (ivig) therapy. there was substantial clinical benefit during ivig treatment with marked reduction of febrile and infectious episodes, normalization of physical and psychomotor development, and absence of mortality. the immunologic monitoring revealed some discrete objective improvements. the results of this study favour ...	1988	3134244
regulation of carbon flow in selenomonas ruminantium grown in glucose-limited continuous culture.	we have applied a model that permits the estimation of the sensitivity of flux through branch point enzymes (d. c. laporte, k. walsh, and d. e. koshland, j. biol. chem. 259:14068-14075, 1984) in order to analyze the control of flux through the lactate-acetate branch point of selenomonas ruminantium grown in glucose-limited continuous culture. at this branch point, pyruvate is the substrate of both the nad-dependent l-(+)-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfo ...	1988	3182729
effects of the ionophores monensin and tetronasin on simulated development of ruminal lactic acidosis in vitro.	a continuous coculture of four ruminal bacteria, megasphaera elsdenii, selenomonas ruminantium, streptococcus bovis, and lactobacillus sp. strain lb17, was used to study the effects of the ionophores monensin and tetronasin on the changes in ruminal microbial ecology that occur during the onset of lactic acidosis. in control incubations, the system simulated the development of lactic acidosis in vivo, with an initial overgrowth of s. bovis when an excess of glucose was added to the fermentor. la ...	1988	3223764
[nosocomial infections of the urinary tract in urology patients].	researches effected in different nations have revealed that 5-12% of all hospitalized patients was affected with a nosocomial infection and that almost 1/3 of these were urinary tract infections. the hospitalized urological patients have a considerable proneness to contract a nosocomial urinary tract infection, because they are subjected to transurethral or suprapubic bladder catheterisms, to transurethral surgery and to the endoscopies, that are promoting maneuvers the urinary tract infections. ...	1988	3340313
differentiation of ruminal bacterial species by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using egg yolk antibodies from immunized chicken hens.	cross-reactivity among four species of ruminal bacteria was examined by using egg yolk antibodies from immunized leghorn laying hens and an enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay. the effects of the four species on the hens were compared on various days postimmunization. hens injected with the same bacterial species had similar apparent antibody levels over the entire postimmunization period, but only bacteroides ruminicola b1(4) and selenomonas ruminantium d antigens elicited early increases in appa ...	1988	3355145
functionally polarized layers formed by epidermal cells on a permeable transparent collagen film.	rat epidermal cells were cultured on a transparent collagen film, which was permeable to low mr substances. then the cells were bathed in both media (apical and basal), which were separated by the collagen membrane. the cells formed a multi-layered epidermal sheet with well-developed structures of desmosomes. this sheet on a permeable support was found to be an effective permeability barrier for glucose and amino acids. the epidermal layer showed functional polarity for the uptake and excretion ...	1988	3255753
[the occurrence and properties of selenomonas ruminantium bacteria in calves during the time of milk feedings].	the occurrence, morphological properties, urease and alpha-amylase activities of selenomonas ruminantium were investigated in calves in the period of milk nutrition. the average number of the organisms was found to range between 10(7) and 10(8) per 1 millilitre of rumen contents. the alpha-amylase activity of the selenomonas strains ranged from 0.1 to 8.8 ncat.ml-1 whereas their urease activity ranged from 6.3 to 261 ncat.ml-1 of nutrient medium. the presence of morphologically typical selenomon ...	1988	3129854
pathway and sites for energy conservation in the metabolism of glucose by selenomonas ruminantium.	on the basis of enzyme activities detected in extracts of selenomonas ruminantium hd4 grown in glucose-limited continuous culture, at a slow (0.11 h-1) and a fast (0.52 h-1) dilution rate, a pathway of glucose catabolism to lactate, acetate, succinate, and propionate was constructed. glucose was catabolized to phosphoenol pyruvate (pep) via the emden-meyerhoff-parnas pathway. pep was converted to either pyruvate (via pyruvate kinase) or oxalacetate (via pep carboxykinase). pyruvate was reduced t ...	1988	3141385
alterations in aortic endothelial cell morphology and cytoskeletal protein synthesis during cyclic tensional deformation.	previous studies have shown that bovine aortic endothelial cells (ecs) in culture respond to repetitive tensional deformation with an increase in deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and cell proliferation. this study was designed to determine whether cyclic tensional deformation of ecs in vitro induces different morphologic or protein synthetic responses. ecs from passages 6 through 9 were seeded in 35 mm2 well silicone rubber plates at 2 x 10(5) cells/well and allowed to attach for 24 hours. the ex ...	1988	3336119
gene-specific differences in the aflatoxin b1 adduction of chicken erythrocyte chromatin.	mature and immature chicken erythrocyte nuclei were treated with activated aflatoxin b1 (2,3-dichloroaflatoxin b1), producing covalently bound dna adducts. this reaction produces alkali-labile sites in the dna which can be identified by using a variation of the maxam-gilbert sequencing procedure. we determined the aflatoxin b1 accessibility of defined regions of the erythroid genome by using different specific probes and monitoring the disappearance of similar-sized fragments generated by restri ...	1988	3142684
esterase activities in butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strains.	thirty strains of butyrivibrio fibrisolvens isolated in diverse geographical locations were examined for esterase activity by using naphthyl esters of acetate, butyrate, caprylate, laurate, and palmitate. all strains possessed some esterase activity, and high levels of activity were observed with strains 49, h17c, s2, actf2, and lm8/1b. esterase activity also was detected in other ruminal bacteria (bacteroides ruminicola, selenomonas ruminantium, ruminobacter amylophilus, and streptococcus bovis ...	1988	3178205
[sebastian kneipp, his life and his work].		1988	202779
[prescribing tiapridal for headache and other painful conditions].	tiapridal a new molecule of the benzamide family, raises the pain-threshold level in the mesolimbic system. it has been shown to be effective in 66% of cases of headaches and pain resistant to therapy, and 75% of patients with nausea and vomiting associated with headaches. the average dosage is between 150 and 300 mg or day (1/2 to 1 tablet, 3 times a day). the product is extremely well-tolerated. somnolence, the most frequent side-effect was noted in 17% of cases. because of its excellent toler ...	1988	211605
poly (adp-ribose) polymerase activity in nucleotide permeable cells.		1988	202502
the dilation of arterioles in frog submaxillaris muscle caused by visible light.	transillumination of submaxillaris muscle with incandenscent lamp led to arteriolar dilation if the illuminance exceeded 1-2 x 10(3) lux or reached the time-mean value of 3 x 10(4) lux when a flash lamp was used (pulse duration 10 microseconds, repetition rate 50 s-1). the temperature increase within a light spot on the muscle did not exceed 0.1 degrees c, visible light being the only reason of the dilation of arterioles. at 6.3 x 10(4) lux (incandescent lamp, green filter) the latency of dilati ...	1989	2786511
interaction of carbaryl and n-nitrosocarbaryl with microsomal monooxygenase activities.	the in vitro interactions of carbaryl and carcinogenic n-nitrosocarbaryl with rat liver microsomal monooxygenase activities are compared. the inhibitory effect of the nitroso-compound is demonstrated to be non-competitive on aminopyrine n-demethylase, p-nitroanisole o-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase. the nature of the inhibition induced by the parent amide is found to be competitive on aminopyrine n-demethylase and p-nitroanisole o-demethylase. correspondingly, in vitro studies of the metabo ...	1989	2493170
the pectinolytic enzyme of selenomonas ruminantium.	a cell-bound pectinolytic enzyme was isolated from cells of selenomonas ruminantium and purified about 360-fold. the optimum ph and temperature for enzyme activity was 7.0 and 40 degrees c. the enzyme degraded polymeric substrates by hydrolysis of digalacturonic acid units from the non-reducing end; the best substrate was nonagalacturonic acid. unsaturated trigalacturonate was also degraded, but 30% slower than the saturated analogue. the enzyme was classified as a poly (1,4-alpha-d-galactosidur ...	1989	2708171
use of antibiotic resistance mutations to track strains of obligately anaerobic bacteria introduced into the rumen of sheep.	selective plating procedures were used to follow the fate of rifampicin-resistant mutant strains of the obligately anaerobic species bacteroides multiacidus and selenomonas ruminantium after their introduction at numbers around 10(7)/ml into the rumen of sheep. bacteroides multiacidus strain f100 showed an initially rapid rate of loss (49%/h) but subsequently numbers declined more gradually approaching the limits of detection (less than 10(3)/ml) after 100 h. viable cell numbers also decreased i ...	1989	2808185
the characterization and ultrastructure of two new strains of butyrivibrio.	strains b-385-1 and 2-33 are numerically important components rumen bacterial populations , but they have remained (taxonomically) undefined. in spite of some resemblance to selenomonas ruminantium in their cell size and in their formation of tufts of flagella, they more closely resemble butyrivibrio fibrisolvens in the subpolar location of their flagella, in their guanine + cytosine content, and in most biochemical characteristics, including butyrate formation. cells of these strains stain gram ...	1989	2743214
effects of methanol on the growth of gastrointestinal anaerobes.	the effects of methanol on the growth of representative, predominant, anaerobic gut bacteria were studied. growth yields and rates were determined in a base medium to which methanol was added to produce media with methanol concentrations varying, in twofold steps, over a concentration range of 0.01 to 25%, by volume. the growth of many of the organisms was completely inhibited by a methanol concentration equal to, or less than, 6.2%. isolates representing cellulolytic species were completely inh ...	1989	2743215
characterization of a plasmid from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium.	a 4.8-kilobase-pair plasmid was isolated from the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium hd4 by using a sodium carbonate-edta washing buffer to improve cell lysis (r.g. dean, s.a. martin, and c. carver, lett. appl. microbiol. 8:45-48, 1989). this plasmid, designated psr1, appears to be quite stable. no evidence of plasmid dna was detected in s. ruminantium d or ga192. all three strains were tested for antibiotic resistance, and all were kanamycin resistant (mic, 25 to 50 micrograms/ml). only ...	1989	2619301
cytotoxic activity against hiv-infected monocytes by recombinant interleukin 2-activated natural killer cells.	natural killer (nk) cells have long been known to aid in the control of viral infections by killing virus-infected cells, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). among the possible nk-susceptible target cells in an infected individual, the monocyte/macrophages are of special significance since they may serve as both a reservoir of hiv and aid in dissemination of the virus throughout the body. a new technique for the enrichment and cultivation of large numbers of recombi ...	1990	2223237
cytotoxic activity against hiv-infected monocytes by recombinant interleukin 2-activated natural killer cells.	natural killer (nk) cells have long been known to aid in the control of viral infections by killing virus-infected cells, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). among the possible nk-susceptible target cells in an infected individual, the monocyte/macrophages are of special significance since they may serve as both a reservoir of hiv and aid in dissemination of the virus throughout the body. a new technique for the enrichment and cultivation of large numbers of recombi ...	1990	2223237
white noise analysis of temporal properties in simple receptive fields of cat cortex.	we studied the linear and nonlinear temporal response properties of simple cells in cat visual cortex by presenting at single positions in the receptive field an optimally oriented bar stimulus whose luminance was modulated in a random, binary fashion. by crosscorrelating a cell's response with the input it was possible to obtain the zeroth-, first-, and second-order wiener kernels at each rf location. simple cells showed pronounced nonlinear temporal properties as revealed by the presence of pr ...	1990	2390534
utilization of nucleic acids by selenomonas ruminantium and other ruminal bacteria.	species of ruminal bacteria were screened for the ability to grow in media containing rna or dna as the energy source. bacteroides ruminicola d31d and selenomonas ruminantium hd4, ga192, and d effectively used rna for growth, but not dna. b. ruminicola d31d was able grow on nucleosides but not on bases or ribose. the s. ruminantium strains were able to grow when provided with either nucleosides or ribose but not bases. strains of s. ruminantium, but not b. ruminicola d31d, were also able to use ...	1990	1707252
localization of bacterial antigens in calves inoculated orally with ruminal bacteroides succinogenes and selenomonas ruminantium.	localization of bacteria and bacterial materials was investigated in calves inoculated orally with live organisms of both bacteroides succinogenes and selenomonas ruminantium by a immunohistological method using rabbit antiserum against the outer membrane of those organisms and by a scanning electron microscope. the intact organisms of both inoculated bacterial species were detected on the rumen wall and in the lamina propria of the forestomach, and s. ruminantium also in the lymph nodes associa ...	1990	2202844
potential anti-hiv active pyranoid analogs of azt.		1990	2206706
generation of a membrane potential by sodium-dependent succinate efflux in selenomonas ruminantium.	when selenomonas ruminantium hd4 was grown in a chemostat, maximal succinate production and the highest molar growth yield values were both observed at a dilution rate of roughly 0.2 h-1. to determine the possible relationship between succinate efflux and high molar growth yields, the generation of a membrane potential by succinate efflux was studied in whole cells and vesicles (inside-out and right-side-out) prepared from s. ruminantium. washed whole cells took up succinate in the absence of an ...	1990	2307654
detection of bovine antibodies to the outer membrane of ruminal bacteroides succinogenes by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa).	the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect bovine serum antibodies directed to the outer membrane antigen of a ruminal bacteria, bacteroides succinogenes. the outer membrane antigen of b. succinogenes was highly reactive against homologous antiserum, compared with rabbit sera raised against b. ruminicola subsp. ruminicola, b. ruminicola subsp. brevis and selenomonas ruminantium. the titers of sera from colostrum-deprived calves were negligible level, while those of sera fro ...	1990	2313950
xylose uptake by the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium.	selenomonas ruminantium hd4 does not use the phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system to transport xylose (s. a. martin and j. b. russell, j. gen. microbiol. 134:819-827, 1988). xylose uptake by whole cells of s. ruminantium hd4 was inducible. uptake was unaffected by monensin or lasalocid, while oxygen, o-phenanthroline, and hgcl2 were potent inhibitors. menadione, antimycin a, and kcn had little effect on uptake, and acriflavine inhibited uptake by 23%. sodium fluoride decreased xylose up ...	1990	2383009
monoclonal antibodies against the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium.	monoclonal antibodies were raised against whole cells of two different strains of selenomonas ruminantium and tested for specificity and sensitivity in immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay procedures. species-specific and strain-specific antibodies were identified, and reactive antigens were demonstrated in solubilized cell wall extracts of s. ruminantium. a monoclonal antibody-based solid-phase immunoassay was established to quantify s. ruminantium in cultures or samples fro ...	1990	2389936
distribution of immunoglobulin-containing cells in calves inoculated orally with ruminal bacteroides succinogenes and selenomonas ruminantium.	distribution of immunoglobulin(ig)-containing cells was investigated in calves inoculated orally with live organisms of both bacteroides succinogenes and selenomonas ruminantium. pathological changes and many ig-containing cells were observed in calves which inoculated three times at 2, 3 and 26 days of age. follicular germinal center was increased in number and size of the lymph nodes associated with the forestomach, suggesting activation of lymph apparatus. in the associated lymph nodes, igg-c ...	1990	2391773
site-specific rate constants for iron removal from diferric transferrin by nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) and pyrophosphate.	the kinetics of iron removal from human serum diferric transferrin by nitrilotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ntp) and pyrophosphate (ppi) have been studied in 0.1 m, ph 7.4, n-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-n'-2-ethanesulfonate buffer at 25 degrees c using urea/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the four microscopic rate constants required for a complete description of iron removal from the two transferrin metal-binding sites have been measured at 100 mm concentrations of ntp and ppi. there is very ...	1990	2168158
folding and stability of trp aporepressor from escherichia coli.	equilibrium and kinetic studies of the urea-induced unfolding of trp aporepressor from escherichia coli were performed to probe the folding mechanism of this intertwined, dimeric protein. the equilibrium unfolding transitions at ph 7.6 and 25 degrees c monitored by difference absorbance, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopy are coincident within experimental error. all three transitions are well described by a two-state model involving the native dimer and the unfolded monomer; the ...	1990	2223756
folding and stability of trp aporepressor from escherichia coli.	equilibrium and kinetic studies of the urea-induced unfolding of trp aporepressor from escherichia coli were performed to probe the folding mechanism of this intertwined, dimeric protein. the equilibrium unfolding transitions at ph 7.6 and 25 degrees c monitored by difference absorbance, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopy are coincident within experimental error. all three transitions are well described by a two-state model involving the native dimer and the unfolded monomer; the ...	1990	2223756
characterization of egg yolk antibodies for detection and quantification of selenomonas ruminantium by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	the specificity of polyclonal antibodies prepared against strains of selenomonas ruminantium, the effect of assay conditions, and quantification of individual strains in mixed-cell suspensions of selenomonad strains were examined in this study. whole-cell suspensions were prepared with pure cultures of s. ruminantium pc18, hd(4), ga192, and d. each cell suspension was injected into a leghorn laying hen, and polyclonal antibodies were harvested from eggs laid in week 3 or 7 following initial immu ...	1990	16348287
adhesion of cellulolytic ruminal bacteria to barley straw.	adhesion of the cellulolytic ruminal bacteria ruminococcus flavefaciens and fibrobacter succinogenes to barley straw was measured by incubating bacterial suspensions with hammer-milled straw for 30 min, filtering the mixtures through sintered glass filters, and measuring the optical densities of the filtrates. maximum adhesion of both species occurred at ph 6.0 and during mid- to late-exponential phase. adhesion was saturable at 33 and 23 mg (dry weight) g of straw for r. flavefaciens and f. suc ...	1990	16348278
effect of dicarboxylic acids and aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract on lactate uptake by the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium.	the objective of this study was to determine the effects of l-aspartate, fumarate, l-malate, and an aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (amaferm) on growth on lactate as well as lactate uptake by selenomonas ruminantium hd4. growth of s. ruminantium in medium that contained 2 g of dl-lactate per liter was stimulated approximately twofold by 10 mm l-aspartate, fumarate, or l-malate after 24 h. both l-aspartate and fumarate increased lactate uptake over 4-fold, while l-malate stimulated uptake ...	1990	16348354
some specific radiological findings and consideration of linitis plastica of the gastrointestinal tract.	linitis plastica denotes a diffuse, intramurally infiltrating, anaplastic carcinoma in a hollow structure resulting in a shrunken organ with thickened walls. microscopically, linitis plastica is characterized by tumor cells in the presence of inflammatory changes with much fibrosis. linitis plastica is found most frequently in the stomach where it may produce the classical "leather-bottle stomach". metastases to the colon are frequent via contiguity along mesenteric fascial planes. therefore, wh ...	1990	185007
giant cell tumor of soft parts. an ultrastructural study.	the light-microscopic and ultrastructural findings in a case of so-called giant cell tumor of soft parts, localized at the dorsal side of the left foot of a 23-years-old male are described. an amputation of the lower extremity was performed and subsequently chemotherapy with adriamycin was given for 3 months. despite the histology and cytologic malignant appearance and the evident vascular invasion, already present at the time of the first excision, the last known status 2 years later seems favo ...	1990	184582
effect of a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture on lactate utilization by the ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium.	the objective of this study was to examine the effects of a saccharomyces cerevisiae culture (yea-sacc) on lactate utilization by the predominant ruminal bacterium selenomonas ruminantium. lactate uptake was stimulated by yea-sacc concentrations between 2.5 and 10 g/liter, and the 5-g/liter level increased uptake 3.8-fold. when yea-sacc concentrations were increased above the 5-g/liter level lactate uptake was decreased, but 10 g/liter still stimulated uptake more than threefold. a filter-steril ...	1991	1752834