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phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase as a selective indicator of ochratoxin a induced nephropathy. 19862881768
dose-related effects of synthetic human beta-endorphin and naloxone on fed gastrointestinal motility.in humans, plasma beta-endorphin levels rise during application of acute stressful stimuli (vertigo, cold pain, and transcutaneous electrical stimulation) that induce gut motor disturbances. whereas it is possible that circulating beta-endorphin participates in the mediation of these central effects on gut motility, its role cannot be established solely on the basis of changes in plasma levels. therefore, we designed the present study to investigate 1) the dose-related effects of intravenous syn ...19862942039
structure-activity relationships of sex steroid analogs determined in vitro in a thyroid hormone-responsive membrane ca2+-atpase model.physiological concentrations of l-t4 were found previously to stimulate ca2+-atpase activity in vitro in reticulocyte membranes from female rabbits and to inhibit this enzyme in reticulocyte membranes from males. in these previous studies, preincubation of intact cells or ghosts with testosterone (5 x 10(-11) m) converted female-source reticulocyte membranes to male-type responsiveness to thyroid hormone (inhibition of ca2+-atpase activity). preincubation of reticulocyte membranes with 17 beta-e ...19862946570
structure-activity relationships of sex steroid analogs determined in vitro in a thyroid hormone-responsive membrane ca2+-atpase model.physiological concentrations of l-t4 were found previously to stimulate ca2+-atpase activity in vitro in reticulocyte membranes from female rabbits and to inhibit this enzyme in reticulocyte membranes from males. in these previous studies, preincubation of intact cells or ghosts with testosterone (5 x 10(-11) m) converted female-source reticulocyte membranes to male-type responsiveness to thyroid hormone (inhibition of ca2+-atpase activity). preincubation of reticulocyte membranes with 17 beta-e ...19862946570
[osmotic resistance of erythrocytes in cattle]. 19863087113
cellular distribution of lysosomal hydrolase activities in the regenerating rat liver.cathepsins b and d, beta-galactosidase, and acid phosphatase activities were found to be decreased in the regenerating rat liver, the reduction being maximal around the peak of hepatocyte mitoses (30 h). to investigate whether these changes could be heterogeneously distributed among hepatic cells, total cell populations from control or two-thirds hepatectomized rat livers were dissociated by the collagenase perfusion technique and analysed by different procedures. isopycnic centrifugation in a m ...19863089641
effects of total parenteral nutrition on the development of intestinal endotoxemia in rats: a comparison between glucose and lipid.the effects of parenteral nutrition (pn) and of the difference in the pn regimens between glucose and lipid emulsion on the development of endogenous endotoxemia were studied in 40 wister rats. endotoxemia was induced by occluding the superior mesenteric vein (smv) for 30 min. the plasma endotoxin in the portal blood at the time of the release of the smv occlusion and that in the arterial blood 10 min after the release were quantified. twenty of the 40 rats had received pn for 48 hr prior to the ...19863091866
influence of mouse genotype on responses of central biogenic amines to alcohol intoxication and aging.dopamine and serotonin responses to various periods of alcohol treatment have been followed in striatum and hippocampus of two inbred strains of mice and related to the effect of aging. a striking strain dependency was noted for chronic alcohol effects and also for senescence. for both neurotransmitters studied the c57bl strain loses tolerance to prolonged alcohol injury earlier than the balb/c strain. this loss of tolerance accompanying aging may be indicative of more widespread changes in cns ...19863814344
immunoelectrophoresis in quality control of veterinary clostridial products.each year the pharmaceutical industry produces 150-250 batches of anti-clostridial vaccines and sera for veterinary use in the u.k. under medicines act requirements these products must be tested for potency before release to the public, such tests being performed in animals. the ministry of agriculture, as licensing authority, also carries out potency test on representative samples of these products. to avoid unnecessary use of animals we employ immunoelectrophoresis (iep) as a screening test. r ...19863792642
[the effect of neythumun in comparison with 2-cyanoethylurea on the white blood count of the rat].the stimulation effect of neythymun-sol f+k (nthy) and 2-cyanethylcarbamide (cec) on the leucocytopoesis was studied in 30 wistar rats and a moderate but significant increase in the total number of leucocytes was found. the increase produced by cec didn't prove significantly higher than that by nthy. after 32 d the blood count showed a substantial difference concerning the neutrophils with an increase from 3000 to 9000 without deviation to the left, which was found only under neythymun. this com ...19863797457
immunization with heat-killed pneumococci, but not pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides, improves survival in splenectomized mice.immunization with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (pn ps) is advocated after splenectomy to decrease the risk of overwhelming sepsis. the clinical and experimental evidence for the benefit of immunization after splenectomy is controversial. various reports in the literature have claimed a benefit of immunization after splenectomy, but careful review of methodologies reveals that heat-killed pneumococci (pn) were used to immunize the experimental animals. since we have not been able to prot ...19873807350
chronic cardiac toxicity after inhalation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane.two patients showed evidence of chronic cardiac toxicity after repeated exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane. in both cases there was circumstantial evidence of a deterioration after routine anaesthetic use of the related compound halothane. an adolescent boy who sniffed trichloroethane presented with multiple ventricular arrhythmias during tonsillectomy. follow up showed mild chronic left ventricular impairment. a 54 year old man had repeated industrial exposure to trichloroethane and deteriorated ...19873105712
chronic cardiac toxicity after inhalation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane.two patients showed evidence of chronic cardiac toxicity after repeated exposure to 1,1,1-trichloroethane. in both cases there was circumstantial evidence of a deterioration after routine anaesthetic use of the related compound halothane. an adolescent boy who sniffed trichloroethane presented with multiple ventricular arrhythmias during tonsillectomy. follow up showed mild chronic left ventricular impairment. a 54 year old man had repeated industrial exposure to trichloroethane and deteriorated ...19873105712
localization of the binding sites of porcine tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen to heparin.to localize the binding region of porcine tissue-type plasminogen activator (ec 3.4.21.31) (t-plasminogen activator) to heparin, functionally active a and b chains (molecular mass of each 33 kda) were separated from the two-chain t-plasminogen activator after mild reduction and alkylation. the a chain bound to fibrin-sepharose, but not to heparin-sepharose. in contrast, the b chain showed amidase activity toward hd-ile-pro-arg-p-nitroanilide (s-2288) and a high affinity for heparin-sepharose, bu ...19873120775
coordinative interactions in the separation of insulin and its derivatives by high-performance liquid chromatography.the effects of various inorganic cations and anions on the chromatographic behaviour of insulin and its derivatives have been investigated. it was shown that on an octadecylsilica column at a given eluent composition the retention of insulins depends primarily on the nature of the anions. the cations have a secondary effect, depending on their size and coordination ability. the mechanism of the effect of the ions is complex. it includes the formation of ion pairs, their influence on dissociation ...19873323216
reca protein-promoted atp hydrolysis occurs throughout reca nucleoprotein filaments.when reca protein binds cooperatively to single-stranded dna to form filamentous nucleoprotein complexes, it becomes competent to hydrolyze atp. no correlation exists between the ends of such complexes and the rate of atp hydrolysis. atp hydrolysis is not, therefore, restricted to the terminal subunits on cooperatively bound reca oligomers, but occurs throughout the complex. similarly, during reca protein-promoted branch migration (during dna strand exchange), atp hydrolysis is not restricted to ...19872951381
chromosomal assignments of genes coding for human leukocyte common antigen, t-200, and lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, lfa-1 beta subunit.five hybrids reactive with monoclonal antibodies against human leukocyte common antigen (t-200) and/or lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (lfa-1) beta subunit were obtained from the fusion of human blood lymphocytes or t-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with bw5147 mouse t-cell leukemia cells. chromosome analyses of 20 clones showed concordance between the presence of human chromosomes 1 and 21 and the expression of t-200 and lfa-1 beta subunit, respectively. confirmation of human c ...19872955527
subfractionation of human t lymphocyte subpopulations by partitioning: surface heterogeneity of the okt8/leu2+ t cell subset.human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were subjected to countercurrent distribution in a charge-sensitive dextran-poly (ethylene glycol) aqueous two-phase system. cells are thereby subfractionated on the basis of their charge-associated surface properties. the helper/inducer t cell subset (okt4/leu3+) has a single distribution curve with a low partition ratio (p). in contrast, the suppressor/cytotoxic (okt8/leu2+) subset is clearly heterogeneous and gives two peaks, one with a lower an ...19872955975
the leeuwenhoek lecture, 1986. environmental carcinogens and papillomaviruses in the pathogenesis of cancer.in many areas of the world there is a geographically localized high incidence of alimentary and bladder cancer in cattle. studies in western scotland have demonstrated that this phenomenon is associated with ingestion of bracken fern. however, the affected animals and herds were shown also to have an unusually high infection rate of alimentary papillomas caused by a previously unrecognised bovine papillomavirus (bpv) and that these tumors could undergo malignant transformation. long-term field a ...19872888116
high rate of plasmodium vivax relapse following treatment of falciparum malaria in thailand.within two months of treatment for falciparum malaria, plasmodium vivax infections developed in 58 (33%) of 174 patients who had received a quinine or quinidine regimen and in 46 (32%) of 145 patients who had received mefloquine with inpatient follow-up of more than six weeks. the time to vivax relapse was significantly longer after mefloquine treatment (median 47 days, range 30-65) than after quinine or quinidine treatment (21 days, 15-36; p less than 0.0001). all patients remained outside area ...19872889965
renal functional changes after converting enzyme inhibition or nitroprusside in hypertensive rats. 19873038467
unusual association of bone marrow necrosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and a rare 8;16 chromosomal translocation in an adult patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.in a patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia of the classic type (fab subtype m2), three infrequently observed phenomena occurred together; bone marrow necrosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and an 8;16 chromosomal translocation. all three resolved with antileukemic therapy, only to reemerge when the leukemia relapsed, suggesting a causal relationship among these phenomena. such observations and the consistent application of cytogenetic studies to patients with leukemia may help el ...19873791177
effect of prostaglandin e1 on deposition of autologous labelled platelets onto human atherosclerotic lesions in vivo.the effects of infusions of prostaglandin e1 (pge1) on platelet deposition at atherosclerotic sites in vivo in man have been examined. thirteen patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease received intravenous pge1 25 mg/kg/min for 6 hours daily for 5 days. prostaglandin e1 had no effect on platelet uptake at atherosclerotic sites but prolonged platelet half-life significantly (p less than 0.001).19873684830
ethanol-induced inhibition of testosterone biosynthesis in vitro: lack of acetaldehyde effect.acute ethanol intake has been shown to decrease plasma testosterone levels in rodents and man. this is mainly due to inhibition of testosterone synthesis, but there is still some controversy about the mechanisms responsible for the inhibition. these mechanisms were studied in the present experiments with isolated rat leydig cells. leydig cells were incubated for two hours in sealed plastic vials with various concentrations of ethanol (0.3-40 mm) or acetaldehyde (5-40 microm). very low ethanol co ...19873593480
cardiovascular response to sudden strenuous exercise.cardiac responses to sudden strenuous exercise were studied in seven dogs instrumented to measure cardiac output (q), stroke volume (sv), left ventricular (lv) pressure, aortic pressure and circumflex coronary blood flow (cbf). the dogs were run on a treadmill at 12.9 km/h, 20% grade for 15s without prior warm-up. during the first 10s of the run, hr and q increased rapidly. by 2s, myocardial o2 requirements, as estimated from either the tension time index (tti) or calculated wall tension, had in ...19873632566
interferon in renal cell carcinoma. the ucla experience.three sequential studies of alpha interferon were performed in a total of 84 evaluable patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. in study i, conducted from 1981 to 1982, 43 patients received human leukocyte alpha interferon (ifn alpha) 3 x 10(6) u/day, 5 days per week for 12 weeks. in study ii, performed in 1983, vinblastine (0.1 mg/kg/week) was added to the same ifn alpha regimen in 22 subjects. study iii, held from 1984 to 1985, evaluated the effects of escalating doses of interferon alfa ...19873542184
[cigarette smoking and lung metabolism--effects of cigarette smoking on plasma levels of complement c3a and c5a in rabbits]. 19873500346
[screening and other alternatives in the fight against hiv]. 19873424318
mammalian alcohol dehydrogenase: characteristics of class iii isoenzymes.the kinetic characteristics of alcohol dehydrogenase class iii have been studied using class iii isoenzymes purified from human liver (x-adh) and rat liver (adh-2). our results confirm that long chain primary alcohols and aldehydes are the best substrates, although some aromatic compounds can also be actively metabolized. kinetic analysis suggests an ordered bibi mechanism for x-adh. ethanol can be oxidized by class iii isoenzymes at high substrate concentration, but with a very slow rate. thus, ...19873426675
[analysis of the chemosensitivity test by human tumor clonogenic assay and subrenal capsule assay].the antitumor activities of several chemotherapeutic agents were tested in the human tumor clonogenic assay (htca) and in subrenal capsule assay (srca). the results obtained in these two assays and clinical response were compared. 1. colony growth was observed in 43 of 73 tumors (58.9%), and the adequate colony growth to evaluate the response of therapeutic groups was obtained in 21 tumors (28.8%). 2. control growth adequate to meet evaluable assay criteria was obtained in 38 of 43 tumors (88.4% ...19873431536
[lysosomal cationic proteins of granulocytes in the blood of healthy and sick monkeys]. 19873433992
molecular nature of a cell membrane antigen specific for human t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.in the present work, we characterized the molecular nature of a t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (t all) specific antigen, termed talla, which is defined by monoclonal antibody sn1. sn1 shows an extremely high specificity for t all. in the present study, sn1 was further shown not to react significantly with various normal solid tissues. talla was determined to be a glycoprotein with an approximate molecular weight of 150,000. however, the molecular nature of talla is peculiar in that heating ...19872440562
secretagogue-induced changes in intracellular ph and amylase release in mouse pancreatic acini.the response of the intracellular ph (phi) to stimulation of enzyme secretion in pancreatic acini was measured using the fluorescent dye 2'-7'-bis(carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. acini suspended in ph 7.40 buffer demonstrated cytoplasmic alkalinization of 0.17, 0.14, and 0.15 ph units 2 min after addition of the secretagogues carbachol (10(-5) m), caerulein (10(-10) m), and bromo-a23187 (10(-6) m). corresponding net stimulated amylase secretion over 30 min was 9.2, 10.3, and 5.6% of total ...19872446509
morphometric analysis of the cell outlines of normal and polyomavirus-transformed fr 3t3 fibroblasts.a method is described for the analysis of cell shape, using an image analyzer connected to a computer to assess the cell outline. a series of parameters to assess the contribution of large cytoplasmic expansions to cell morphology and to cell spreading on a planar substratum were used to quantify the visual morphologic differences between normal (nontransformed; n.3t3) and polyomavirus-transformed (py.3t3) fisher rat 3t3 fibroblasts. the results show that the py.3t3 fibroblasts are more spherica ...19872822058
reinfection of guinea pigs with herpes simplex virus type 2: failure to establish a second latent ganglionic infection.guinea pigs were infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2) and at various times thereafter reinfected at a different site with the same or a different strain of hsv 2. viruses were isolated from infected tissues either from the site of primary or secondary infection or from regional ganglia. viral isolates were characterised by dna fingerprinting using restriction endonucleases capable of differentiating between the virus strains used. the second infection resulted in a second site of pe ...19872825951
the kappa agonists pd117302 and u50488 produce a biphasic effect on 24 hour food intake in the rat.the effects of the selective kappa opioid receptor agonists pd117302 [(+/-)trans-n-methyl-n-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl-]benzo-[b]- thiophene-4-acetamide] and u50488 (trans-3,4-dichloro-n-methyl-n-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl]- benzeneacetamide) were investigated on food intake in non-deprived rats over a 24 hr period following subcutaneous administration. at doses of 2.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg, both pd117302 and u50488 initially increased food intake. between 6-24 hr, however, pd117302 (2.5-10 ...19872829048
presynaptic opioid kappa-receptor and regulation of the release of met-enkephalin in the rat brainstem.opioid kappa-agonists had much more potent inhibitory effects on the high k+-evoked met-enkephalin release from rat brain slices than did the mu- or delta-agonists. the opioid kappa- antagonist, mr2266 enhanced the evoked release of met-enkephalin to a greater extent than did mu- or delta-antagonists in vitro and had a potent analgesia in mice in vivo. these findings suggest that the release of met-enkephalin may be regulated in vitro and in vivo, mainly by presynaptic kappa-receptor-mediated me ...19872829060
[suppurative meningitis in the newborn infant: experience with 107 cases in the ivory coast].a retrospective study of 107 neonates with meningitis showed that in 45% of cases the condition occurred during the first 48 hours after birth, probably following a materno-foetal infection. male neonates accounted for 70% of the cases. in 15% of cases, the mothers previously had a known infectious disease and 55% of cases came from an unfavourable socio-economic environment. over 50% of the infants had to be resuscitated at birth. the majority of organisms isolated were gram-negative bacteria o ...19882834748
two mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in a patient with extreme insulin resistance.insulin receptor complementary dna has been cloned from an insulin-resistant patient with leprechaunism whose receptors exhibited multiple abnormalities in insulin binding. the patient is a compound heterozygote, having inherited two different mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene. one allele contains a missense mutation encoding the substitution of glutamic acid for lysine at position 460 in the alpha subunit of the receptor. the second allele has a nonsense mutation causing premature cha ...19882834824
two mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in a patient with extreme insulin resistance.insulin receptor complementary dna has been cloned from an insulin-resistant patient with leprechaunism whose receptors exhibited multiple abnormalities in insulin binding. the patient is a compound heterozygote, having inherited two different mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene. one allele contains a missense mutation encoding the substitution of glutamic acid for lysine at position 460 in the alpha subunit of the receptor. the second allele has a nonsense mutation causing premature cha ...19882834824
ca2+/calmodulin-sensitive inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase in rat and bovine brain tissues.inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ins p3) 3-kinase catalyzes the atp-dependent phosphorylation of ins p3 to inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (ins p4). ca2+/calmodulin (cam)-sensitivity of ins p3 3-kinase was measured in the crude soluble fraction from rat brain and different anatomic regions of bovine brain. kinase activity was inhibited in the presence of egta (free ca2+ below 1 nm) as compared to ca2+ (10 microm free ca2+) or ca2+ (10 microm free ca2+) and cam (1 microm). ca2+-sensitivity was al ...19882838022
determinants of immunogenicity and mechanisms of protection by virulent and mutant vibrio cholerae o1 in rabbits.the colonizing capacities of 16 vibrio cholerae strains, including nine genetically and/or phenotypically defined parent-mutant pairs, were determined in unobstructed adult rabbit small bowel. there were marked interstrain differences in colonizing capacity, which was enhanced by bacterial motility and the production of cholera holotoxin but was unrelated to production of cholera toxin b-subunit or hemolysin or to bacterial serotype or biotype. the role of colonizing capacity and other bacterial ...19882447017
passive protection of calves against experimental infection with salmonella typhimurium.cows were vaccinated with formalin-killed salmonella typhimurium approximately seven weeks and two weeks before parturition to investigate whether passive immunity could protect their calves against experimental s typhimurium infection. after birth the calves were left with their dam for 48 hours and then separated and fed cold, stored colostrum from their own dam for a further eight days. oral challenge five days after birth with 10(8) s typhimurium did not result in the death of these calves e ...19883061151
passive protection of calves against experimental infection with salmonella typhimurium.cows were vaccinated with formalin-killed salmonella typhimurium approximately seven weeks and two weeks before parturition to investigate whether passive immunity could protect their calves against experimental s typhimurium infection. after birth the calves were left with their dam for 48 hours and then separated and fed cold, stored colostrum from their own dam for a further eight days. oral challenge five days after birth with 10(8) s typhimurium did not result in the death of these calves e ...19883061151
comparative densities of wuchereria bancrofti microfilaria in paired samples of capillary and venous blood.concurrent finger-prick and venous blood samples were obtained from 43 patients infected with wuchereria bancrofti. microfilariae were counted in blood smears and on nuclepore filters. based on the numbers of microfilariae in 20-microliters finger-prick samples, an expected (theoretical) number of microfilariae in venous samples was calculated. this expected value was compared to the actual number of microfilariae present in venous blood. the actual number of microfilariae present ranged from 0. ...19883067320
acrosomal proteinase activity of human spermatozoa and relation of results to semen quality.an assay for measuring the acrosomal proteinase activity of human spermatozoa with the use of a microscope slide coated with a thin layer of gelatin as a protein substrate was developed and applied to study the semen of 82 males from infertile couples and 15 normal donors. acrosomal protease activity is indicated by a clear area of proteolyzed gelatin (halo) about the sperm head. probit analysis revealed two populations divided at a halo diameter of 14 microns. the patient samples were grouped a ...19883068243
hincii and kpni rflps for laminin b1 (lamb1) gene on chromosome 7. 19882901729
administration of gm1 ganglioside eliminates neuroleptic-induced sensorimotor deficits in mptp-treated mice.injection of a low dose of haloperidol, that has no obvious behavioral effects in normal mice, produces akinesia, catalepsy, and sensory neglect in mptp-treated mice. gm1 ganglioside treatment eliminates all of these behavioral impairments and also partially restores striatal dopamine content. these observations suggest that the mptp-treated mouse may be a valuable model for studying mechanisms underlying parkinsonism and that administration of gm1 ganglioside may be an effective therapy.19882903475
use of lytic bacteriophage for actinomyces viscosus t14v as a probe for cell surface components mediating intergeneric coaggregation.a lytic bacteriophage for actinomyces viscosus t14v (the reference strain for actinomyces coaggregation group a) was isolated from raw sewage. this phage, designated bf307, also lysed the t14v-derived nonfimbriated mutant pk455-2 as well as a. viscosus mg-1 and t14av but not the other serotype 2 or serotype 1 strains of this species that were tested or any of nine actinomyces naeslundii isolates. phages bf307 belonged to bradley morphological group c and was similar in appearance to the a. visco ...19883335409
an experimental study on ethanol elimination at subphysiological temperatures.hepatocytes isolated from fed and fasted rats have been used to study the rate of ethanol elimination at different incubation temperatures. in the presence of exogenous pyruvate, hepatocytes from fed and 42 hr fasted rats, eliminated ethanol at 37 degrees by a rate of 11.6 +/- 3.4 and 6.4 +/- 0.8 nmol/min./mg of cell protein (+/- s.d.; n = 5), respectively, which are comparable to the rates obtained in vivo. the ethanol oxidation rate in cells from rats of both nutritional states correlated line ...19883353352
an experimental study on ethanol elimination at subphysiological temperatures.hepatocytes isolated from fed and fasted rats have been used to study the rate of ethanol elimination at different incubation temperatures. in the presence of exogenous pyruvate, hepatocytes from fed and 42 hr fasted rats, eliminated ethanol at 37 degrees by a rate of 11.6 +/- 3.4 and 6.4 +/- 0.8 nmol/min./mg of cell protein (+/- s.d.; n = 5), respectively, which are comparable to the rates obtained in vivo. the ethanol oxidation rate in cells from rats of both nutritional states correlated line ...19883353352
tachycardia during the onset of one-kidney, one-clip renal hypertension: role of the renin-angiotensin system and av3v tissue.we have previously demonstrated a transitory tachycardia during the early phase of one kidney, one clip (1k1c) hypertension in the rat, when the basal heart rate (hr) is measured daily under resting conditions. in the present study, in control rats, marked tachycardia (406 +/- 11 vs 320 +/- 4 bpm during the control period) was observed on the first day of electrolytic lesion of the anteroventral third ventricle (av3v) region. the basal hr declined progressively thereafter and was normal 14 days ...19883370491
high metabolic activity in the visual cortex of early blind human subjects.glucose metabolism has been studied in the visual cortex of early blind human subjects. in the forebrain of these subjects, regional glucose utilization was the highest in the striate and prestriate cortical areas. furthermore, this activity was higher than in blindfolded sighted subjects, whether at rest or during an auditory or tactile task. these observations raise the question of the functionality of the blind's visual cortex.19883370494
[establishment of the maximum permissible concentration of polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride in reservoir water]. 19883396898
7b2, a new protein secreted by human functionless pituitary tumours, in vitro.a novel pituitary protein, 7b2, of approximately 180 amino acids has been suggested to colocalise with lh in the pituitary gonadotropes. increased secretion of lh is known to occur in functionless pituitary tumours. we have therefore measured 7b2 immunoreactive equivalents in the 24-h medium of explant pituitary cultures prepared from 17 functionless, 20 somatotropic, 16 prl secreting and 8 corticotropic adenomas. a synthetic fragment corresponding to amino acids 23-39 of 7b2 was used to raise a ...19883400405
convergent afferent inputs to neurones in nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis in the cat.neuronal activity was recorded in nucleus paragigantocellularis lateralis (pgl) of the cat in response to stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal grey matter (dpag), parabrachial nucleus (pbn) nucleus raphe magnus (nrm), and nucleus tractus solitarii (nts). stimulation in dpag or pbn evoked excitatory responses whilst the prevalent response to stimulation in nrm or nts was inhibition of neuronal activity. 45/55 (82%) of cells tested received convergent inputs from 2 or more sites of stimulation ...19883409033
[psychological evaluation of diabetic students and their families].a population of 29 diabetic school children has been studied with the purpose of evaluating the repercussion the disease has on the psychosocial development of the child. eysenck's inventory of personality, achembach's ipcds and the drawing of the human figure have been employed as psychological test. the sociological aspects are valued through interviewing and questionnaires. the outstanding conclusions are: 1. diabetes does not condition the development of a specific personality. 2. psychiatri ...19883190018
specificity of growth inhibition of melanoma by 4-hydroxyanisole.an experimental study using human melanoma (nel-mi), rat hepatoma (fu5-5), and human kidney (293-31) cell lines was undertaken in order to evaluate the antitumor activity of 4-hydroxyanisole (4-oha) in vitro. prior reports have indicated highly specific antitumor activity of 4-oha against melanoma cells in vitro. this specific antitumor activity has been proposed to be due to the oxidation of 4-oha by tyrosinase to cytotoxic oxidation products. dose-dependent cytotoxicity was observed when cells ...19892497444
inhibition of rat mesangial cell mitogenesis by nitric oxide-generating vasodilators.recent studies indicate that endothelium-derived relaxing factor (edrf) may be identical with nitric oxide (no). the purpose of this study was to investigate the antimitogenic effect of no-generating drugs in cultured mesangial cells. s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine, sodium nitroprusside, and isosorbide dinitrate, which generate no, dose dependently inhibited serum-stimulated dna synthesis. all three drugs also inhibited the rate of cell proliferation, whereas sodium nitroprusside and s-nitroso- ...19892546445
studies of the phosphorylation of escherichia coli isocitrate dehydrogenase. recognition of the enzyme by isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase and effects of phosphorylation on its structure and properties.escherichia coli isocitrate dehydrogenase is completely inactivated by phosphorylation of a single serine residue per subunit. we have examined the conformations of the active and phosphorylated forms of the enzyme using circular dichroism spectroscopy. the results support the view that phosphorylation prevents the binding of nadp, probably by direct blocking of the coenzyme-binding site. labelling studies suggest that an arginine residue at the coenzyme-binding site may be close to the phosphor ...19892557094
[the role of bile acids with physiological concentration in colon carcinogenesis].the promoting effect of bile acids in physiological concentration in colon carcinogenesis was studied using male wistar rats with defunctioned colon. after an instillation of mnng, collected rat faces (group a), secondary bile acids i.e. deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid in equal concentration to rat feces (group b) and control material (group c) was instilled in the defunctioned colon. concerning the incidence and the number of macroscopically visible tumor, no significant difference was fo ...19892585788
modification of allergen-induced airway obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness in an allergic rabbit model by the selective platelet-activating factor antagonist, bn 52021.allergen challenge of eight ragweed-immunized rabbits elicited a prolonged airway obstruction that was evident during the 6-hour study period. airway responsiveness to histamine was enhanced 24 hours after allergen exposure (geometric mean of the 50% reduction in effective dose [ed50] of dynamic compliance [cdyn] before challenge, 3.46 mg/ml, decreased to 0.52 mg/ml after challenge, p less than 0.01; pulmonary resistance ed50 geometric mean before challenge, 3.50 mg/ml, decreased to 0.65 mg/ml a ...19892600327
autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa: exclusion of a gene from extensive regions of chromosomes 6, 13, 20, and 21.members of a large pedigree of irish origin presenting with early onset type i autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adrp) have been typed for polymorphic dna markers from chromosomes 6, 13, 20, and 21. for each marker close linkage to adrp has been excluded by pairwise analyses. using distances fixed from well-established genetic maps of these chromosomes and multipoint analyses with two or three contiguous markers, exclusion of adrp was extended to the areas between markers, resulting in th ...19892613243
biochemical mechanisms of aminoglycoside cell toxicity. ii. accumulation of phospholipids during myeloid body formation and histological studies on myeloid bodies using twelve aminoglycoside antibiotics.cultured human skin fibroblasts take up aminoglycoside antibiotics into lysosomes to form myeloid bodies. gentamicin (gm), one such antibiotic, was taken up until the cellular concentration reached an estimated 64 mm on the 3rd day when cells were incubated with 2 mm gentamicin. the rate of release of intracellular gm was high on the first day of incubation and gradually slowed down over the next 4 d. about 50% of the gm remained in the cells even on longer incubation in gm-free medium, suggesti ...19892613686
repair of experimental arteriotomy in rabbit aorta using a new resorbable elastin-fibrin biomaterial.a new artificial connective matrix which results from two reactions of fibrinogen and fibronectin on elastin was used to obturate a slit made in the abdominal aorta of rabbit. the so-called elastin-fibrin biomaterial behaved as a scaffold through which all the different structures were restored to their former condition. at 3 months, the material had disappeared and no thrombus, no inflammation or reject had been detected.19892621215
pancreas-graft immunogenicity and pretreatment with anti-class ii monoclonal antibodies.pretreatment of organ allografts to reduce graft immunogenicity is an attractive and potentially clinically applicable concept. we have studied the effect of perfusing rat pancreases with anti-class ii monoclonal antibody (moab), to remove class ii- positive accessory cells from the intact organ, on prolongation of allograft survival after transplantation. the capacity of pancreatic islets obtained from these perfused organs to stimulate proliferation of allogeneic t-lymphocytes was studied in a ...19892642828
heterogeneity of the streptokinase gene in group a streptococci.a molecular epidemiological study was conducted to determine the distribution of the streptokinase gene in group a streptococcal strains of different m types and in other streptococcal species. plasmid pnc1, containing only the internal coding sequence of the streptokinase gene from group c streptococcal strain h46a, was used as a dna probe in colony and southern hybridization experiments. only the pathogenic group a, c, and g streptococci contained a streptokinase gene; 12 other lancefield grou ...19892643572
heterogeneity of the streptokinase gene in group a streptococci.a molecular epidemiological study was conducted to determine the distribution of the streptokinase gene in group a streptococcal strains of different m types and in other streptococcal species. plasmid pnc1, containing only the internal coding sequence of the streptokinase gene from group c streptococcal strain h46a, was used as a dna probe in colony and southern hybridization experiments. only the pathogenic group a, c, and g streptococci contained a streptokinase gene; 12 other lancefield grou ...19892643572
[alimentary outbreak of tonsillitis]. 19892657209
monoclonal anti-il2-receptor in organ transplantation.so far, only monoclonal antibodies directed at functional target molecules on lymphocyte surface membrane have been proven useful in preventing or reversing allograft rejection episodes. antibodies directed against light chain (p55) of interleukin 2 (il2) receptor and able to interfere with il2 binding on the il2-receptor in its high-affinity conformation (only expressed on activated t cells) are effective in various animal models and recently in a preventive protocol in human kidney graft recip ...19892669805
speech development in children.speech is unique to man, as a system of communication in which thoughts are expressed and understood by using acoustic symbols. the range of normality in speech development in children is wide. development does not occur at a steady rate and language milestones are earlier in girls. there is speech delay if the child is not speaking by 3 1/2 years of age, or speech may be defective in articulation or language. any speech problems should be detected and treated however as early as possible and he ...19892671496
molecular genetics of galactose metabolism in yeast. 19892679921
studies on 2,3,n,n'-substituted 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfones as potential antimalarial agents.a series of new 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfones substituted at 2 and 3 position and also at primary amino group of the phenyl rings have been synthesized and evaluated for their antimalarial activity against plasmodium berghei infection in mice. some of these compounds were active and showed complete inhibition of parasitaemia which included 7a1-7a4, 7b3, 7b4 and 16a at 1 mg/kg i.p. for 4 days and 16a, at 0.3 mg/kg for 4 days. some compounds tested for their synthetase inhibitory action in cell-fre ...19892686657
effect of sodium artesunate on malaria infected human erythrocytes.oxidative stress in malaria infected human erythrocytes is augmented and the anti-oxidant system is attenuated as compared with normal rbc's. exacerbation of intra-erythrocytic oxidative stress might provide a means to kill the parasites. sodium artesunate (sa), an effective chinese anti-malaria drug, markedly increased the levels of active oxygen species and production of malonyldialdehyde in normal red blood cells and, to a greater extent, in malaria infected red blood cells. sa caused a remar ...19892698476
mutational specificity and the influence of excision repair: insights into the mechanisms of error-avoidance and error-fixation.the excision repair process controlled by the uvrabc gene in escherichia coli is the major pathway for the repair of a diverse series of dna damages. to achieve a better understanding of the mechanics of this repair pathway and its impact upon mutagenesis, we have applied a recently developed technology by which the nature of mutation is determined at the dna sequence level. a comparison of the classes and distribution of mutation in excision-repair-proficient and excision-repair-deficient strai ...19892698833
antagonism of central and peripheral anorectic effects of caerulein by l-364,718.the reduction in food intake induced by i.p. injections of the cholecystokinin (cck) analogue caerulein was antagonised by a low dose (0.25 mumol/kg s.c.) of the selective cck antagonist l-364,718. to block the anorectic effect of centrally administered caerulein a dose of 25 mumol/kg of l-364,718 was required, demonstrating that central cck receptors can be blocked effectively in the rat by choosing appropriate doses of l-364,718.19892721558
antagonism of central and peripheral anorectic effects of caerulein by l-364,718.the reduction in food intake induced by i.p. injections of the cholecystokinin (cck) analogue caerulein was antagonised by a low dose (0.25 mumol/kg s.c.) of the selective cck antagonist l-364,718. to block the anorectic effect of centrally administered caerulein a dose of 25 mumol/kg of l-364,718 was required, demonstrating that central cck receptors can be blocked effectively in the rat by choosing appropriate doses of l-364,718.19892721558
use of liposomes for protective immunisation against crotalus durissus (tropical rattlesnake) venom.crotalus durissus venom has been described as a weak antigen when injected in combination with freund's complete adjuvant during the course of traditional methods of equine immunisation. antibody production is slow and unpredictable, with a wide variation in individual responses. in this experimental study, c. durissus venom was incorporated into stabilised sphingomyelin-cholesterol liposomes both in the presence and absence of lipopolysaccharide immunostimulant and injected by both i.v. and s.c ...19892728026
presynaptic inhibition of the monosynaptic reflex during local tetanus in the cat.tetanus toxin at doses of 2-2000 mouse mld/kg was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of the left hind limb of the cat. acute experiments were performed at various times thereafter, when the intoxicated hind leg was strongly extended. presynaptic inhibition of the monosynaptic reflex (msr) of gastrocnemius motoneurones was tested by applying conditioning single electric stimuli to the antagonistic deep peroneal nerve. in most intoxicated animals the delayed inhibition of the msr could still b ...19892728030
in vivo biology of recombinant interleukin-2 infusion in sheep: cardiopulmonary manifestations of an intravascular immune-inflammatory response.we have described the physiologic changes that occur in the conscious sheep during five days of dosing with ril-2. major effects noted were a decrease in systemic vascular resistance (vasodilation) accompanied by an increase in cardiac output (blood flow) and heart rate and a mild increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (vasoconstriction). body temperature increased and may have contributed to the peripheral vasodilation. lung microvascular fluid and protein flux increased following ril-2 admi ...19892787783
pharmacokinetics and tissue concentrations of cefuroxime.cefuroxime is well-absorbed and distributed over the human body. this review gives a general summary of published information on tissue concentrations of cefuroxime after an intravenous or intramuscular dose of 750 or 1,500 mg of cefuroxime. tissue concentrations are given for blister fluid, meninges, eyes, respiratory tract, sputum and bronchi, abdominal and urogenital tract, uterine, ovarian and fallopian tube tissue, myometrium, membranes, placenta, puruloid and healthy human milk, bile, pros ...19902075076
[experimental infection index of anopheles sinensis and melanization of periodic brugia malayi larvae].this paper deals with the infection index of anopheles sinensis infected with the blood meals of 9 different microfilarial densities (5-300 mf/10 microliters) of periodic brugia malayi. the results indicated that the mean number of microfilariae (mf) ingested by mosquitoes increased with the mf-density of the blood meal. the infection rates of vectors were 30, 65, 93 and 100%, when mf-densities were 5, 10, 20 and 50 mf/10 microliters respectively. although the infection rate was 100% when mf-den ...19902099254
in-vitro mutagenesis of the bovine growth hormone gene.the biological activities of bovine growth hormone (bgh) were studied in a transgenic mouse model system. the following experimental design was used: (1) in-vitro mutagenesis of the bgh gene; (2) expression of the mutated gene in cultured mouse cells under transcriptional regulation of the mouse metallothionein i promoter; (3) binding studies of the mutated and wild-type protein to mouse liver membrane preparations; (4) generation of transgenic mice which express the mutant hormone; and (5) grow ...19902213712
in-vitro mutagenesis of the bovine growth hormone gene.the biological activities of bovine growth hormone (bgh) were studied in a transgenic mouse model system. the following experimental design was used: (1) in-vitro mutagenesis of the bgh gene; (2) expression of the mutated gene in cultured mouse cells under transcriptional regulation of the mouse metallothionein i promoter; (3) binding studies of the mutated and wild-type protein to mouse liver membrane preparations; (4) generation of transgenic mice which express the mutant hormone; and (5) grow ...19902213712
a new assessment in vitro of human salivary lubrication using a compliant substrate.the lubrication effect of salivary secretions was assessed in terms of separating a rigid object from a compliant substrate. there was little difference among the various secretions of a single donor. the viscosity of salivas increased as a function of time. neither the friction testing nor viscometry provided an adequate model of the tissue-coating function ascribed to saliva.19902222251
[effect of enalapril on heart rate, arterial blood pressure and exocrine pancreatic secretion in the alert dog].a changed exocrine pancreatic secretion could be a pathogenetic factor of an acute pancreatitis after administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors. in six conscious dogs with gastric and duodenal thomas fistulas we studied the effect of an intravenous (iv.) bolus injection of 10 mg enalaprilat, an intraduodenal (id.) bolus injection of 20 and 40 mg enalapril (e.), and 0.15 m nacl (20 ml iv., resp., id.) on pancreatic bicarbonate- and protein output in response to secretin (20 ...19902238764
human gastric mucosa expresses glandular m3 subtype of muscarinic receptors.five subtypes of muscarinic receptors have been distinguished by pharmacological and molecular biological methods. this report characterizes the muscarinic subtype present in human gastric mucosa by radioligand binding studies. the receptor density was 27 +/- 6 fmol/mg protein and the tritiated ligand n-methylscopolamine had an affinity of (kd) 0.39 +/- 0.08 nm (n = 11). the m1 receptor selective antagonist pirenzepine and the m2 receptor selective ligand af-dx 116 had low affinities of 148 +/- ...19902253531
ca2+ transients are not required as signals for long-term neurite outgrowth from cultured sympathetic neurons.a method for clamping cytosolic free ca2+ ([ca2+]i) in cultures of rat sympathetic neurons at or below resting levels for several days was devised to determine whether ca2+ signals are required for neurite outgrowth from neurons that depend on nerve growth factor (ngf) for their growth and survival. to control [ca2+]i, normal ca2+ influx was eliminated by titration of extracellular ca2+ with egta and reinstated through voltage-sensitive ca2+ channels. the rate of neurite outgrowth and the number ...19902324199
cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cdna encoding the antifungal-protein of aspergillus giganteus and preliminary characterization of the native gene. 19902374718
immunohistochemical localization of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in adult and developing mouse tissues.we used immunohistochemical techniques to analyze the cell distribution of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) in adult and developing mouse tissues. pepck immunoreactivity was detected in many tissues, including some that had not been previously reported to contain pepck enzyme activity (bladder, stomach, ovary, vagina, parotid gland, submaxillary gland, and eye). in some multicellular tissues, pepck immunoreactivity was observed in multiple cell types. several tissues (spleen, thyroid, a ...19901688895
decreased cyclic amp degradation in ng 108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells and s49 lymphoma cells chronically treated with drugs that inhibit adenylate cyclase.the increase in hormone-stimulated cyclic amp accumulation observed in a variety of intact cells after chronic pretreatment with drugs that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity has been attributed to an increase in adenylate cyclase activity following withdrawal of the inhibitory drug. in ng 108-15 mouse neuroblastoma x rat glioma hybrid cells (ng cells) chronically treated with the muscarinic cholinergic agonist carbachol, we have found a significant decrease in the apparent degradation rate cons ...19901688917
rumpshaker mouse: a new x-linked mutation affecting myelination: evidence for a defect in plp expression.this report describes a new x-linked mutation in mice, named rumpshaker (rsh) which is associated with hypomyelination of the central nervous system. myelination commences appropriately but the majority of sheaths fail to develop normally. oligodendrocytes are increased in number and have prominent golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes. occasional cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum are distended. some dense lamellar inclusions occur in oligodendrocytes but overall ...19901694232
development of an in vitro microtest to assess drug susceptibility of babesia bovis and babesia bigemina.continuous cultivation of the bovine hemoparasites babesia bovis and babesia bigemina was developed as an in vitro microtest to assess parasite susceptibility to babesicidal compounds. reproducibility of parasite multiplication rates was independent of culture size, making it possible to use a microscale of 100 microliters for each test sample. inhibitory concentrations (ic50s) of a commonly used babesicide, quinuronium sulfate, evaluated by this in vitro method were found to be 5 x 10(-8) g/ml ...19911779305
structural and biochemical changes in the sclera of experimentally myopic eyes. 19911794573
a primary demyelinating disorder of young cattle.the clinical signs and neuropathological changes are described in six limousin x calves that, at about one month after birth, showed signs of blindness, nystagmus, rotation of the eyes, opisthotonos, hyperprotraction of the forelegs and, in one case, apparent seizures. pathologically there was necrosis of the optic chiasma and focal areas of myelin sheath vacuolation or demyelination in certain areas of the brain, especially in the cerebellar peduncles. in one animal, kept alive for 7 months, th ...19911800911
use of a most probable number method modified with a deoxyribonucleic probe to monitor control by food preservatives of natural salmonella contamination in animal meat meals.a most probable number (mpn) technique using a dna probe was developed for determination of salmonella in naturally contaminated meat meals. the method eliminated the need for 180 selective plates and 75 selective tubes and saved 27 h when compared with a traditional technique; yet it still yielded identical mpn of salmonella per 100 g in five naturally contaminated samples. the method was used to monitor the effect of a commercial food preservative (sal curb) at 0, .25, .50, 1.0, and 2.0% in me ...19911876558
atypical leishmaniasis in an hiv-2-seropositive patient from guinea-bissau. 19911892600
role of serine biosynthesis and its utilization in the alternative pathway from glucose to glycogen during the response to insulin in cultured foetal-rat hepatocytes.the role of serine as a possible intermediate of the alternative pathway from glucose to glycogen was investigated under basal and insulin-stimulated conditions in 18-day cultured foetal-rat hepatocytes because these cells cannot use pyruvate-derived metabolites [bismut & plas (1989) biochem. j. 263, 889-895]. incubation of cells with [u-14c]glucose for 24 h led to a release of labelled serine in the medium concomitantly with a net serine production (100 nmol/24 h per culture). the rate of [14c] ...19911905920
effects of amino acid infusion on renal hemodynamics. role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor.ingestion of protein or intravenous infusion of amino acids acutely elevates glomerular filtration rate (gfr) and renal plasma flow (rpf) by unknown mechanisms. endothelium-derived relaxing factor (edrf), now known to be nitric oxide derived from metabolism of l-arginine, participates in local regulation of vascular tone. to investigate the hypothesis that edrf may participate in the renal vasodilatation and increased gfr after amino acid infusion, we characterized the effect of inhibition of ed ...19912045148
development of a competitive radioimmunoassay and a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats.a competitive radioimmunoassay (ria) and a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the measurement of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhg-csf) in rat serum was developed using polyclonal antibody obtained by immunizing rabbits with rhg-csf. the anti-rhg-csf antibody did not recognize other colony-stimulating factors or interleukins. ria and elisa gave satisfactory reproducibility as judged by intra- and inter-assay precision. good agreements between the ri ...19921280299
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