Publications

control of a tracheobronchitis epizootic associated with bordetella bronchiseptica in a closed dog colony.		1977	584586
control of atrophic rhinitis with a bordetella bronchiseptica bacterin.		1977	587561
prevalence of bordetella bronchiseptica infection in swine of southeastern alabama.		1977	596705
evaluation of nasal culturing procedures for the control of atrophic rhinitis caused by bordetella bronchiseptica in swine.	control of infectious atrophic rhinitis in swine breeding herds by culturing of 3 series of nasal swab specimens from each animal, with subsequent elimination of bordetella bronchiseptica culture-positive animals, was evaluated. thirteen of 17 (77%) b bronchiseptica-infected herds experiencing clinical atrophic rhinitis were feedic rhinitis were freed of clinical signs of the disease by the use of this nasal culturing procedure. in 15 of 23 (65%) b bronchiseptica-infected herds, pigs were cultur ...	1977	830627
experimental infection of gnotobiotic piglets with mycoplasma hyorhinis and bordetella bronchiseptica.		1977	842196
[measures to be adopted in the prevention and treatment of atrophic rhinitis in piglets under field conditions (author's transl)].	the following measures designed for the prevention of atrophic rhinitis (ar) were compared. (1) adopting the all in - all out system in separate farrowing quarters. the variation in age between piglets in a single farrowing house was confined to one to two weeks. (2) treating the piglets with a combined preparation of penicillin, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline hydrochloride or sulphonamides on the third, sixth and twelfth days of life. (3) administering immune sera to piglets. (4) vaccinating ...	1977	847733
vaccination with bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine on a farm with atrophic rhinitis: an evaluation of a field experiment.	on a farm where atrophic rhinitis (ar) occurred the animals were vaccinated with a bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine. the immune state of the sows was checked and also the effect of this vaccination on the antibody titre of the piglets. groups of pregnant sows were vaccinated once or twice before the partus, another group of sows only had their piglets vaccinated and a third group were used as control. the serum titres of the sows were low, not higher than 1:100 before vaccination. a double vacc ...	1977	857335
bacteriological variation among bordetella bronchiseptica isolates from dogs and other species.	bacteriological properties of 50 isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica were compared. phase variation, which involved colonial morphology and its associated characters of hemagglutination, hemolysis, acriflavine agglutination; crystal violet staining, flagellation, and fimbriation, occurred among these isolates. organisms representing the three observed morphotypes did not have different growth rates, nor were any differences in their bacteriological characteristics observed after repeated subcu ...	1977	858784
naturally occurring respiratory disease in a kennel caused by bordetella bronchiseptica.	the role of bordetella bronchiseptica as a primary pathogen in nautrally occurring respiratory disease of dogs has been in question since its original isolation in 1911. a study to determine the incidence of b. bronchiseptica in a closed breeding kennel has revealed that the frequency of such isolations is closely associated with mild respiratory disease characterized by a moist, sometimes productive, cough. infection with b. bronchiseptica usually occurred shortly after weaning and produced ill ...	1977	870289
[bordetella-bronchiseptica pneumonia in the swine].	bordetella have been frequently detectable from lesioned lung material of swine as well as from the upper respiratory tracts of clinically intact animals. pneumonia, different in extent, was produced in primarily specific pathogen free pigs by intratracheal and intranasal application of eight bordetella isolates. moderate to medium manifestations of focal pneumonia with scattered speckles developed, with severity depending on dosage and mode of infection. histologically, they were characterised ...	1977	901131
effect of vaccination of sows with bordetella bronchiseptica on the incidence of atrophic rhinitis in swine.	vaccination of pregnant sows with bordetella bronchiseptica was performed in an spf herd with clinical atrophic rhinitis. agglutinins against the organism were induced in serum and colostrum by the vaccination. the antibody titres were generally higher in colostrum than in corresponding serum samples. the frequency at slaughter of turbinate atrophy (+, ++, +++) was lower among pigs from vaccinated sows (11%) than in pigs borne by unvaccinated sows (20%). in the control group a lower daily weight ...	1977	905119
mouse potency assay for bordetella bronchiseptica bacterins.	a potency assay for bordetella bronchiseptica bacterins has been developed using mice. the immunogenicities of three bacterins, b, c, and d, were evaluated for ability to prevent death in mice as compared with a reference standard bacterin (rsb-a). bacterins rsb-a, b, and c were evaluated for ability to prevent death in mice as compared with a reference standard bacterin (rsb-a). bacterins rsb-a, b, and c were evaluated in swine for efficacy against nasal turbinate atrophy. swine immunized with ...	1977	914991
[artificial rearing of rabbits free of bordetella bronchiseptica under practice conditions. preliminary report].		1977	921727
bordetella rhinitis in pigs: serum and nasal antibody response to bordetella bacterins.	the nasal and serum antibody response of two groups of pigs, vaccinated with adjuvant containing formalinized or sonicated bordetella bronchiseptica bacterins was compared with the response of a nonvaccinated group. the tube agglutination test was used to determine agglutinin titers. following vaccination, all pigs were challenged intranasally with the vaccine strain of bordetella, after which the nasal bordetella flora of vaccinated and nonvaccinated pigs was investigated. sera and nasal secret ...	1978	647455
[contamination and age as factors in the pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis (author's transl)].	the relationship between contamination with bordetella bronchiseptica or pasteurella multocida and the age of the piglets on the one hand and the pathogenesis of atrophic rhinitis on the other, is discussed. minimal disease-free piglets born and reared on farms on which pigs affected with clinical atrophic rhinitis were present, developed clinical atrophic rhinitis at the age of six weeks. piglets born in the central veterinary institute (cvi) of sows from herds including pigs affected with atro ...	1978	684734
vaccination against canine bordetellosis: protection from contact challenge.	eight collie-cross pups, eight weeks old, were inoculated intramuscularly with an aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted preparation of killed bordetella bronchiseptica; the inoculation was repeated after two weeks. two weeks after the second inoculation, the vaccinated dogs and a control group of four unvaccinated animals were placed in contact with a group of five pups of similar age which had been experimentally infected with a pathogenic strain of b bronchiseptica by an aerosol method. all four unvac ...	1978	685092
an agglutination test for the detection of bordetella bronchiseptica infection in swine.	an agglutination test with the use of formalin-killed antigen of the cell carrying the capsule was developed and used for the detection of antibody in swine naturally infected with bordetella bronchiseptica. under optimum antigen concentration and reaction temperature 210 or 60% of 342 serum samples tested from 42 conventional swine herds were positive for bordetella infection. in contrast, only 34 or 10% of 342 nasal swabs from the same animals were positive for bordetella by culture technique. ...	1978	688071
vaccination against bordetella bronchiseptica infection in dogs using a heat-killed bacterial vaccine.	a group of eight-week-old dogs was inoculated with a heat-killed suspension of bordetella bronchiseptica by the intramuscular route on two occasions at an interval of two weeks. all vaccinated animals developed high circulating agglutinin titres by two weeks after the second inoculation at which time the vaccinated dogs and a comparable group of unvaccinated animals were challenged by exposure to an aerosol of live b bronchiseptica. both vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs subsequently developed cl ...	1978	705048
vaccination against canine bordetellosis using an aluminum hydroxide adjuvant vaccine.	six collie dogs, eight weeks old, were inoculated intramuscularly with an aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted preparation of killed bordetella bronchiseptica; the inoculation was repeated after two weeks. two weeks after the second inoculation, the vaccinated dogs and a comparable group of six unvaccinated animals were challenged by exposure to an aerosol of pathogenic b bronchiseptica. all six unvaccinated control dogs developed respiratory disease characterised by persistent coughing. in contrast, ...	1978	705049
[atrophic rhinitis in swine].	four 60-day-old pigs were experimentally infected with bordetella bronchiseptica at a state in which the animals were clinicylly normal. a single pig only, killed on the 180th day, presented a slight deflection of septum nasi. morphologically, there were severe dystrophic and necrotic changes in the mucosa of the conchae, the nasal cartilages as well as in the bones. the pathogen was reisolated from two of the pigs. clinical and morphological investigations were carried out also with spontaneous ...	1978	706148
comparison of the metabolism of alveolar macrophages from humans, rats, and rabbits: phorbol myristate acetate.	metabolic activities of unstimulated or stimulated ams from humans, rats, and rabbits were examined and compared in vitro. rates of oxygen consumption, chemiluminescence, and glucose (1- or 6-14c) oxidation by unstimulated ams from these three species increased following stimulation of the ams by bacteria or pma. although the absolute metabolic responses of ams from humans, rats, or wild rabbits were different, the metabolic activities from each species were nearly identical when compared on the ...	1978	712210
acute respiratory disease in turkey poults caused by bordetella bronchiseptica-like bacteria.		1978	716179
prophylaxis of bordetella bronchiseptica infection in guinea pigs by intranasal vaccination with live strain ts-s34.	the temperature-sensitive mutant strain, ts-s34, of bordetella bronchiseptica, which cannot grow at or above the temperature 34 degrees c, has been studied in guinea pigs. the strain grew to moderate numbers in the nasal turbinates but did not grow in the lungs. guinea pigs given strain ts-s34 developed moderate levels of serum antibody. this strain also induced very high resistance to subsequent intranasal challenge with 4,000x the 50% lethal dose of virulent strain s1 of b. bronchiseptica. in ...	1978	730355
evaluation of the oxi/ferm tube system for identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli.	the oxi/ferm tube system designed for identification of oxidative-fermentative gram-negative bacteria was evaluated for identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli by comparing it with the conventional system. the nine biochemical reactions used as the initial tests in the oxi/ferm tube system showed a close agreement with the same conventional reactions. however, the system was only 41% accurate to species or biotype for complete identification of 239 isolates which were well distri ...	1978	353066
evaluation of the api 20e system for identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria.	the api 20e system for enterobacteriaceae, recently broadened to include identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria, was evaluated and compared with the conventional method for complete identification of 221 nonfermenters, which were well distributed into 48 species or biotypes and included organisms not listed in the api 20e data base. the results of 16 tests common to both systems were in close agreement. the api 20e system correctly identified 71 (43%) of the 165 organisms inclu ...	1978	353067
effect of immunization with a bordetella bronchiseptica bacterin on weight gain in weaning pigs.		1978	252361
the canine contagious respiratory disease complex (kennel cough).	several infectious agents are involved in the kennel cough complex in dogs. they include canine parainfluenza virus (sv5), canine adenovirus 2, bordetella bronchiseptica, and possibly several mycoplasma species. the importance of each of these agents in the disease syndrome is discussed as well as possible prevention or treatment.	1978	204455
a study of dogs with kennel cough.	a detailed study of a population of dogs with kennel cough was undertaken. twenty-seven (77 per cent) of a total of 35 dogs had pathological evidence of respiratory disease in the form of tracheobronchitis with, in some animals, exudative pneumonia. a variety of viral and bacterial agents were isolated from the respiratory tract of diseased dogs but bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus sv-5 appeared to be the most significant organisms recovered.	1978	207006
phosphatase activity of aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria.	1115 strains of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria were tested for phosphatase activity by a conventional plate method and a microtest. the microtest was devised to allow results to be read after 4 h cultivation. phosphatase activity was found in wide range of species and strains. besides staphylococci, where the test for phosphatase is successfully used, it may be applied as one of the valuable tests for the differentiation of the following species: bacillus cereus, b. licheniformis, ...	1978	216188
[sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from swine to aqueous and proteinic solutions of gentamycin].	employing a microbiologic method (in vitro) the activity was investigated of gentamicin dso pharmachim, dissolved in water, in normal swine gamma-globulin, and in normal swine polyglobulin with regard to swine strains of escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesis bordetella bronchiseptica, and pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as mycoplasms. a strong sensitivity was found to exsist in all tested strains (except for the mycoplasms) to gentamycin both in a water and in a protein solution. the in vivo t ...	1978	80055
[sensitivity of bordetella bronchiseptica, pasteurella multocida and mycoplasma hyorhinis strains isolated from pigs towards antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents].		1978	100928
bacterial and mycoplasma flora of a laboratory colony of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus).	a survey was carried out to characterise the bacterial and mycoplasma flora of a closed colony of marmosets, callithrix jacchus. bordetella bronchiseptica and staphylococcus aureus were the only potential bacterial pathogens isolated from the colony; candida albicans was also identified. s aureus and c albicans were the only organisms which were associated with macroscopic lesions or overt disease. post mortem examination of the animals proved only reliable method of establishing the presence of ...	1978	102075
a comparison of bacterial flora isolated by transtracheal aspiration and pharyngeal swabs in macaca fascicularis.	the pulmonary flora of 30 monkeys (macaca fascicularis) was sampled by the transtracheal aspiration technique and the pharyngeal swab method, and the results were compared. the transtracheal aspiration technique yielded lower numbers of bacteria in both aerobic and anaerobic cultures. the bacteria isolated by transtracheal aspiration were predominately pure culture, thereby lowering the possibility of contamination from commensal flora. bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from 23.3% of the mo ...	1979	110978
[devitalization of bordetella bronchiseptica in vitro using vapors of persterile and triethyl glycol].	using the method of bacterial carriers, the devitalizing effect was studied of persteril and triethylene glycol vapours, acting in vitro, on a 24-hour culture of a mixture of 39 strains of bordetella bronchiseptica, isolated from the nasal cavity of pigs which came from five stocks suffering from the clinical form atrophic rhinitis. after exposure of the carriers of bordetella bronchiseptica to the action of spontaneously developing vapours o the mentioned chemicals, the devitalizing effect was ...	1979	111400
[rearing of germfree rabbits and establishment of an spf rabbit colony].	baby rabbits hysterectomy-derived from conventional japanese white rabbits were reared under aseptic condition by feeding with 4 types of artificial diets. rabbit milk for the artificial diet was obtained from conventional dams at 7--25 days after delivery. the artificial diets was given by stomach tube twice a day. the total volumes of diet given (ml per day) were y = 2.3x + a (1 to approximately 14 days of age), y = 32.2 + a (l5 to approximately 25 days of age), or y = (32.2 + a) - 37.5 (x - 2 ...	1979	155008
[rearing of germfree guinea pigs and establishment of an spf guinea pig colony].	new born guinea pigs of hartley strain derived by hysterectomy were fed commercial pellets, cow's milk, egg yolk and vitamin mixture since 0 days of age, when they were kept at 31 +/- 1 degrees c. out of 33 animals, 30 were reared for 40 days under aseptic state and they were transfered to a barrierred facility to establish an spf colony free from bordetella bronchiseptica, streptococcus zooepidemicus (animal c), salmonella spp., tyzzer's organisms, mycoplasma spp., reo 3 virus, sendai virus, ei ...	1979	155009
[seromonitoring of laboratory mouse and rat colonies for common murine pathogens (author's transl)].	during a period from 1973 to 1978, 392 and 225 lots including 12,232 mouse and 8,044 rat individual sera, respectively, were examined for antibodies to murine hepatitis virus, sendai virus, bordetella bronchiseptica, mycoplasma pulmonis, tyzzer agents, salmonella typhimurium and corynebacterium kutscheri. of mouse lots 94.5% and 39.3% from breeder and user colonies, respectively, were negative for all antibodies examined as well as 31.6% and 17.2% of rat breeder and user colonies, respectively. ...	1979	225183
a selective medium facilitating the isolation and recognition of bordetella bronchiseptica in pigs.	a medium was developed that in most instances allowed the isolation from pigs of bordetella (alcaligenes) bronchiseptica in pure, or virtually pure, culture from such sites as the nasal cavity, which contains many other bacteria. if not suppressed, some of the latter can inhibit, sometimes completely, the growth of the bordetellae on artificial media. besides being markedly selective, the new medium is simple to prepare, reasonably cheap and practically noninhibitory to b bronchiseptica. this or ...	1979	42958
semiquantitative catalase test as an aid in identification of oxidative and nonsaccharolytic gram-negative bacteria.	a simple and rapid semiquantitative slide catalase test useful for the identification of oxidative and nonsaccharolytic gram-negative bacteria, i.e., "nonfermenters," is described. using the interpretative criterion of time of appearance of oxygen bubbles in 3% hydrogen peroxide, three categories of nonfermenters were established. the rapid catalase producers included achromobacter xylosoxidans and achromobacter species; acinetobacter anitratus and acinetobacter lwoffii; bordetella bronchiseptic ...	1979	393719
the recovery of bordetella bronchiseptica strains by means of smears from the nasal cavities of pigs.		1979	398246
effect of carbadox on growth, feed utilization, and development of nasal turbinate lesions in swine infected with bordetella bronchiseptica.	carbadox in combination with sulfamethazine did not interfere with the activity of sulfamethazine in clearing experimentally induced bordetella bronchiseptica nasal infection. evaluations in three field cases of infectious atrophic rhinitis indicated that carbadox in the feed was as effective as chlortetracycline + sulfamethazine + penicillin for improving growth rate and feed efficiency, as compared with nonmedicated controls, and in reducing the prevalence of lesions of infectious atrophic rhi ...	1979	422462
production of lesions similar to naturally occurring swine atrophic rhinitis by cell-free sonicated extract of bordetella bronchiseptica.		1979	430927
efficacy of bordetella bronchiseptica bacterin in controlling enzootic atrophic rhinitis in swine.	the efficacy of a bordetella bronchiseptica bacterin was evaluated in 2 commercial swine herds affected with mild and severe enzootic atrophic rhinitis (ar). in the 1st herd study, (mild ar), the degree of clinical ar, nasal turbinate evaluation, blood serum titer to b bronchiseptica antigen, and adjusted days from birth to 100 kg were determined for individual pigs. bacterin inoculation reduced the incidence and severity of gross turbinate atrophy 57% and reduced clinical ar over 93%. inoculate ...	1979	453686
antibacterial activity of heneicomycin.	heneicomycin is structurally similar to efrotomycin, mocimycin (kirromycin) and x-5108 (goldinomycin). comparisons were limited because of the small supplies available. all antibiotics show the same in vitro antibacterial spectrum although some test cultures were less sensitive to efrotomycin. heneicomycin compared favorably with efrotomycin when given subcutaneously or per os against infections with moraxella bovis and streptococcus pyogenes. the raid elimination of heneicomycin observed follow ...	1979	468738
adherence of bordetella bronchiseptica to swine nasal epithelial cells and its possible role in virulence.	bordetella bronchiseptica phase i organisms adhered well to swine nasal epithelial cells cultured in vitro, while phase iii variants exhibited feeble adherence to the same cells. similarly, firm attachment of phase i organisms and poor adhesion of phase iii organisms to nasal epithelium were demonstrated in experimentally infected piglets. electron microscopic observations of nasal mucosa infected with phase i organisms showed preferential adherence to the cilia of nasal epithelial cells; the as ...	1979	504806
the effect of a respiratory tract infection on histamine-induced changes in lung mechanics and irritant receptor discharge in dogs.	the effects of intravenously administered histamine on total lung resistance (rl), dynamic lung compliance (cdyn), and the discharge of lung irritant receptors have been measured in normal dogs and in dogs whose upper respiratory tract was naturally infected with the organism bordetella bronchiseptica. the resting values for rl and irritant receptor discharge were similar for the infected and control dogs, but cdyn was significantly lower in the infected group of dogs. intravenous administration ...	1979	507511
parenteral vaccination of young swine against bordetella bronchiseptica.	the efficacy of bordetella bronchiseptica bacterins for the prevention of nasal turbinate atrophy caused by induced b bronchiseptica infection in young swine was evaluated. vaccination of pigs at an early age (eg, at 1 and 4 weeks of age) with potent b bronchiseptica strain d-1 bacterins resulted in high concentrations of circulating antibody up to 12 weeks of age or longer and in a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in the frequency of turbinate atrophy.	1979	525851
intranasal immunization of dogs against bordetella bronchiseptica-induced tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) with modified live-bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine.		1979	525927
pneumonia associated with bordetella bronchiseptica in captive koalas.	bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from 12 cases of purulent bronchopneumonia from a captive koala colony near brisbane, queensland. an initial epizootic in march 1967 causing 13% mortality was followed by annual outbreaks causing 2% mortality usually in newly weaned and aged koalas in late winter to early spring. high population density and a low plane of nutrition in winter were thought to predispose to the occurrence of the disease.	1979	543834
canine bordetellosis: chemotherapy using a sulphadiazine-trimethoprim combination.	respiratory disease was induced in young dogs by exposure to an aerosol of bordetella bronchiseptica. the affected dogs were then treated with a sulphadiazine-trimethoprim combination by daily subcutaneous injection for five days. there was marked improvement in the clinical, bacteriological and pathological features of the respiratory disease during and immediately after the treatment period but treated dogs relapsed a few days after chemotherapy was stopped. the use of a sulphadiazine-trimetho ...	1979	555120
field evaluation of an intranasally administered canine parainfluenza-bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine.		1980	6254224
bordetella bronchiseptica associated with pulmonary disease in mountain voles (microtus montanus).	bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from the lungs of all of six mountain voles (microtus montanus) found dead or dying of pulmonary infection near the bear river research station in northern utah in january, 1973. the possibility of concomitant viral or mycoplasmal infection was not ruled out.	1980	6990019
high prevalence of strains of bordetella bronchiseptica resistant to potentiated sulphonamide in english pig herds in 1978-79.		1980	7001722
biology of bordetella bronchiseptica.		1980	7010115
[production of a high-titer agglutinating bordetella bronchiseptica serum].	for a serological identification of bordetella bronchiseptica, eliminated from swine ill with atrophic rhinitis, was obtained an agglutinated antiserum. for the purpose rabbits were innoculated 1. w. 2.5-3 kg) and living cultures were used after intravenous injection. for the obtention of a bacterial suspension müller-hinton's medium was used. three series of antiserum were produced against bordetella bronchiseptica. the first series was obtained after straining the bacterial strain into the med ...	1980	7010770
scanning electronmicroscopic studies of bordetella bronchiseptica on the rabbit tracheal mucosa.	rabbit tracheal mucous membrane cultivated on solid agar medium was infected with either bordetella bronchiseptica or staphylococcus aureus. scanning electron microscopy revealed that large numbers of b. bronchiseptica cells became entangled with the cilia of the tracheal epithelial cells. in contrast, s. aureus cells showed no such intimate interaction with the cilia.	1980	7359573
[use of an oxytetracycline nasal spray in the treatment and prevention of atrophic rhinitis in piglets (author's transl)].	the piglets of two multiplier herds (m and b) showing clinically apparent atrophic rhinitis (ar) were treated by the nasal-spray method. a solution of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (otc, 50 mg/ml.) was used as a spray fluid. the course of the disease in the herds was followed by studying the development of foreshortening of the upper jaws in the heads. brachygnathia superior (bs), from the eighth to tenth week of life. efforts were made to gain an impression of the effects of treatment on the fr ...	1980	7404566
[some aspects of the study of atrophic rhinitis in pigs (author's transl)].	atrophic rhinitis is the most dreaded nasal inflammatory lesion described in pigs. experimental studies showed that this form of rhinitis may be induced by inoculation of the bacterial species bordetella bronchiseptica (bb) and/or pasteurella multocida (pm). it is apparent from studies on ar in the central veterinary institute during the past few years, that these species of bacterium may be classified into ar-pathogenic and ar-non-pathogenic micro-organisms. the significance of these findings i ...	1980	7423466
medicated early weaning to obtain pigs free from pathogens endemic in the herd of origin.	a field trial was conducted to assess the value of medicated early weaning for obtaining pigs free from some of the pathogens endemic in their herd of origin. the trial comprised 51 sows from a closed herd, which were farrowed in an isolated farrowing house in seven separate groups. the sows in each group were bred at the same time and induced to farrow on the same day. their thriftiest piglets were weaned at five days of age and moved to an isolated early-weaning unit. at about six weeks of age ...	1980	7445326
the prevalence of brodetella bronchiseptica and turbinate (conchal) atrophy in english pig herds in 1978-79.	examination of pigs (eight to 10 per farm) slaughtered between december 1978 and march 1979 at abattoirs in southern england indicated that infection with bordetella bronchiseptica was widespread. the organism was recovered from the nasal cavity of 424 out of 844 (50 per cent) of such pigs and these were distributed among 79 out of 86 (91 per cent) of the herds submitting animals. the sensitivity to sulphonamide or potentiated sulphonamide of 255 of these strains was determined: in 20 out of 70 ...	1980	7445392
experimental atrophic rhinitis in gnotobiotic pigs.	twenty-nine caesarian derived colostrum deprived germfree pigs were reared in isolators in groups of three to four per isolator. at seven days of age each group was inoculated intranasally with one of four strains of bordetella bronchiseptica (designated b, j, l and 55b), or pseudomonas aeruginosa or a mucoid strain of escherichia coli, all previously isolated from nasal mucus of pigs affected with clinical atrophic rhinitis. another group was inoculated simultaneously with b. bronchiseptica b a ...	1980	7448626
[field trial for control of atrophic rhinitis by vaccination with bordetella bronchiseptica].		1980	7466336
vaccination against atrophic rhinitis in swine with a combined bordetella bronchiseptica, pasteurella multocida vaccine.		1980	7467988
[variability of the dose effect in the radio-biologic experimentation on animals. second communication: influence of breed, sex, age as well as of infections on death rates and ld 50 values (author's transl)].	as already demonstrated for wistar rats, the radioresistance of siv-50 male and female rats increases continually during their first months of life. furthermore, males show a higher radioresistance than females during this period. the authors show with the same animals that a very radiosensitive rat strain can become a highly radioresistant strain after 2 1/2 years. after whole-body irradiation with 800--900 r, the increase of resistance of 85 days old males was between 62% and 68%. as a cause o ...	1981	7222131
selective media for pasteurella multocida and bordetella bronchiseptica.	easily prepared and inexpensive culture medium for the isolation of pasteurella multocida and bordetella bronchiseptica from the nares of laboratory rabbits was prepared by incorporating 2 micrograms/ml clindamycin into standard blood agar. using this medium, the time and materials required to identify and isolate pasteurella multocida was substantially reduced with only a slight loss in sensitivity. the combination of 2 micrograms/ml clindamycin and 4 micrograms/ml neomycin was effective in iso ...	1981	7253549
treatment of experimental bordetella bronchiseptica infection in young pigs with potentiated sulphonamide in the drinking water.	bordetella bronchiseptica was eliminated from the nasal cavity of experimentally infected piglets after about three weeks by trimethoprim and sulphadiazine (potentiated sulphonamide) in the drinking water in two experiments (at levels of 13.3 and 66.7 micrograms per ml, respectively). the rhinitis and turbinate damage associated with the infection was significantly less when the animals were examined at seven weeks of age but daily weight gain was not improved to a significant extent compared wi ...	1981	7269193
intranasal vaccination of dogs with liver avirulent bordetella bronchiseptica: correlation of serum agglutination titer and the formation of secretory iga with protection against experimentally induced infectious tracheobronchitis.	dogs inoculated intranasally with a live avirulent bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine were monitored for the development of resistance to experimentally induced infectious tracheobronchitis (canine cough). dogs were challenge exposed with a virulent strains of b bronchiseptica at various times after they were vaccinated. clinical protection was detectable as early as 48 hours. at postvaccination days 4, 5, and 14, 56%, 83%, and 95% protection was observed. humoral immunoglobulin (ig) titers range ...	1981	7271029
bordetella bronchiseptica peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.	bordetella bronchiseptica has rarely been reported as an opportunistic pathogen in humans. this is the first documented report of peritonitis due to b. bronchiseptica. the organism was seen on a gram strain of peritoneal fluid and was isolated from a culture of the fluid. it was thought that the source of infection was related to the close contact of the patient with his dog. the patient was successfully treated with chloramphenicol administered intraperitoneally and intravenously.	1981	7276151
effects of atmospheric ammonia on young pigs experimentally infected with bordetella bronchiseptica.	effects of atmospheric ammonia on performance and respiratory tract health of young pigs experimentally infected with bordetella bronchiseptica were studied. treatments were: (1) control, (2) bordetella inoculation (approx 10(9) bacteria/naris) alone, (3) bordetella inoculation plus exposure to atmospheric ammonia at 34.7 mg/m3 (50 ppm), and (4) bordetella inoculation plus exposure to atmospheric ammonia at 69.4 mg/m3 (100 ppm). pigs weighted 8.01 kg (av) at start of treatment. body weight and f ...	1981	7283246
an improved system for studying the effect of bordetella bronchiseptica on the ciliary activity of canine tracheal epithelial cells.	ciliated epithelial cell outgrowths from canine tracheal explants were used to study the interaction between bordetella bronchiseptica and canine respiratory cilia. a sensitive system for quantitating the ciliary beat frequencies of an individual cell was used to study the effects of b. bronchiseptica on ciliary function. phase i and intermediate-phase b. bronchiseptica isolates produced significant reductions (greater than or equal to 50%) in ciliary beat frequencies within 5 min and nearly com ...	1981	7288215
quantitative observations on bordetella bronchiseptica infection in atrophic rhinitis of pigs.	clinical atrophic rhinitis in seven pig herds could not be associated with the infection rate or higher numbers of b bronchiseptica in nasal swabs when compared with unaffected herds. b bronchiseptica isolates from herds with atrophic rhinitis and receiving sulphonamide medication were resistant to sulphonamides in vitro and there was a beneficial clinical response after changing to oxytetracycline medication. in an unaffected herd three piglets naturally infected with b bronchiseptica but posse ...	1981	7292916
the aetiological significance of bordetella bronchiseptica and pasteurella multocida in atrophic rhinitis of swine.	experimental infection with either pure culture of bordetella bronchiseptica or b. bronchiseptica and a toxin-producing strain of pasteurella multocida was studied in newborn piglets from 26 sows. pigs inoculated with b. bronchiseptica alone got mild lesions, whereas pigs inoculated with both organisms showed clinical and pathological signs of atrophic rhinitis, corresponding to the progressive natural diseases. the effect of vaccinating sows against b bronchiseptica during pregnancy was studied ...	1981	7335484
bordetella bronchiseptica infection in stage iv hodgkin's disease.		1981	7339608
non-conjugative r plasmid with five drug resistance from bordetella bronchiseptica of pig origin.		1981	7343701
use of the api 20e system to identify non-enterobacteriaceae from veterinary medical sources.	the capability of the api 20e system to identify gram-negative nonfermenters and nonenteric fermenters was evaluated for 272 isolates from veterinary sources. two different methods were used for interpreting the carbohydrate fermentation reactions on the strip. in method i, weakly fermented (yellow-green) carbohydrates were considered positive for all oxidase-positive organisms, and in method ii, yellow-green carbohydrates were considered positive for all organisms requiring incubation for 48 ho ...	1981	7023301
drug resistance and r plasmids in bordetella bronchiseptica isolates from pigs.	a total of 207 strains of bordetella bronchiseptica isolated from pigs in 1978 and 1979 were tested for drug resistance and for the properties of their r plasmids. apart from intrinsic resistance to spectinomycin, single (sulfadimethoxine), double (sulfadimethoxine and streptomycin), andt riple (sulfadimethoxine, streptomycin, and ampicillin) resistance were found in 54.1%, 1.0%, and 15.9% of the strains, respectively. all of the triple-resistance determinants were associated with mercury resist ...	1981	6457240
an outbreak of bordetella bronchiseptica respiratory disease in foals.		1981	6908767
phase-shift markers in bordetella: alterations in envelope proteins.	envelope preparations derived from phase i strains of bordetella pertussis were shown to contain at least 10 major proteins or protein subunits. four of these proteins were either missing or produced in much lower concentrations in phase iv strains and in c-mode cells. envelope protein profiles of bordetella parapertussis were similar to those of b. pertussis except that more high-molecular-weight proteins were detected. phase i strains of bordetella bronchiseptica also had protein profiles simi ...	1981	6263983
canine parainfluenza-bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine immunogenicity.	the immunogenicity and safety of 3 serials of a canine parainfluenza (cpi) virus-bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine was evaluated. each serial was used to vaccinate 10 dogs with single doses given intranasally. the 30 vaccinated and 10 nonvaccinated controls dogs were challenge exposed with aerosols of virulent cpi virus and b bronchiseptica at 18 days and at 21 days, respectively, after vaccination. after challenge exposure, none of the 30 vaccinated dogs had clinical signs of disease; however, ...	1981	6266289
intranasal vaccine trial for canine infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough).	two field trials were conducted during periods of endemic (summer) and epizootic (winter) canine infectious tracheobronchitis activity to evaluate the efficacy of three intranasal vaccines in a closed commercial beagle breeding kennel. a trivalent vaccine containing bordetella bronchiseptica, canine parainfluenza, and canine adenovirus-2 was administered at 3 weeks of age. the vaccine was 71.2% and 81.8% effective in decreasing the incidence of coughing during the winter and summer trials, respe ...	1981	6273648
canine infectious tracheobronchitis: effects of an intranasal live canine parainfluenza-bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine on viral shedding and clinical tracheobronchitis (kennel cough).	a modified-live intranasal (in) canine parainfluenza (cpi)-virus bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine was evaluated in dogs for efficacy against laboratory-induced canine infectious tracheobronchitis. the comparative efficacies of in and parenteral administrations of the cpi virus fraction were also evaluated. the frequency and duration of clinical tracheobronchitis, blood serum agglutination titer, humoral antibody response, and duration of cpi virus and b bronchiseptica shedding were measured. gr ...	1981	6275747
pneumonia of pigs: a review.	pneumonia of pigs is one of the more important disease factors limiting pig production. of the varieties of pneumonia affecting this species enzootic pneumonia caused by mycoplasma spp. is the most common and most important. the major effects of this disease are lowered food conversion ratio and poor weight gain. deaths are usually the result of secondary infection by necrotising, pus-forming bacteria. eradication of the disease is expensive and requires depopulation and restocking. control and ...	1981	16030803
mechanisms of infection in the respiratory tract.	related to its potential vulnerability the respiratory tract has a very complex and effective defence apparatus. the interaction between these defence mechanisms and certain characteristics of aetiological agents results in a pattern in which initial infections by these agents tend to occur at specific sites in the tract. infections in which the primary portal of entry is in the upper respiratory tract include bordetella bronchiseptica and haemophilus spp in pigs; pasteurella spp in cattle, shee ...	1981	16030806
repression of adenylate cyclase in the genus bordetella.	virulent phase i strains of bordetella pertussis synthesize the regulatory metabolite adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp); whereas, non-virulent phase iv strains are unable to do so. these findings were confirmed and extended using additional strains of b. pertussis as well as strains of bordetella parapertussis and bordetella bronchiseptica. levels of adenylate cyclase activity and subsequent camp production were found to correlate. high adenylate cyclase activity during exponential pha ...	1982	6287177
hemagglutination by bordetella bronchiseptica.	a total of 53 isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica from dogs and pigs were tested for their ability to agglutinate chicken, horse, sheep, dog, pig, and guinea pig erythrocytes. no differences in hemagglutinating activity were attributed to the animal origin of the bordetella isolates. horse and dog erythrocytes consistently resulted in the strongest hemagglutination reactions, whereas only 4% of the b. bronchiseptica isolates produced weak agglutination of chicken erythrocytes. a total of 85% o ...	1982	6125527
alkaline phosphatase activity in the turbinates of pigs infected with bordetella bronchiseptica.		1982	6218188
[bordetella bronchiseptica infection in a spf pig herd. contribution to the aetiology of atrophic rhinitis (a. r.) (author's transl)].		1982	7044749
[use of various methods of sampling and various culture media in the isolation of bordetella bronchiseptica from swine in the field (author's transl)].	during eleven visits to nine pig-breeding farms and multiplying herds, 190 piglets were sampled by three different methods. the nares were separately sampled and both nares were sampled with a single swab. three media were used to discover which method and which medium produced the highest isolation-score for bordetella bronchiseptica (bb). the cdi-mac conkey (mcc-cdi) plate was used as a reference medium and was compared with the gezondheidsdienst mac conkey (mcc-gd) and the new bordetella plat ...	1982	7048626
symposium on infective endocarditis. iii. endocarditis due to gram-negative bacteria. report of 56 cases.	at the mayo clinic, 56 patients with infective endocarditis caused by gram-negative bacteria were seen from 1958 through 1979, 35 of whom were seen from 1970 through 1979. the patients were categorized into two divisions: those with medical, naturally acquired valve infections (40 [71%]) and those with infective endocarditis after cardiac operation (16 [29%]). the overall cure rate was 82% (46 of 56 patients); 35 of 40 patients (88%) were cured in the medical group, and 11 of 16 patients (69%) w ...	1982	7062778
long-term effect of bordetella bronchiseptica infection in neonatal pigs.	a total of 62 gnotobiotic pigs were inoculated with bordetella bronchiseptica at 7 days of age. there were 25 noninoculated controls. thirteen of the inoculated pigs were killed and 6 pigs which died were examined between 3 and 5 weeks after inoculations were done (group a). of these 19 pigs, 16 had severe pneumonia and b bronchiseptica was isolated from the lungs of 17. the turbinates in most of the pigs appeared to have some atrophy. four other pigs died of pneumonia after they were transferre ...	1982	7073084
some characteristics of a urease-negative, temperature- sensitive strain of bordetella bronchiseptica as a live, attenuated vaccine.	strain ts-s34 of bordetella bronchiseptica was treated jointly with two mutagens, nitrosoguanidine and uv irradiation, and a urease-negative (u-), temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant strain indistinguishable from alcaligenes faecalis in its biochemical characteristics was isolated. however, the mutant isolated was a phase iii organism. by repeating selection of smaller, hemolytic colonies observed among phase iii colonies after prolonged incubation, a phase i organism, strain ts-s34.u-, was isolat ...	1982	7076293
abdominal mesothelioma in an aged guinea pig (cavia porcellus).	an adult, male guinea pig died of bordetella bronchiseptica pneumonia during quarantine and was necropsied, numerous, firm, pale nodules were found attached to the omentum, the parietal peritoneum, and the serosal surface of the liver and intestinal tract. gross, light, and electron microscopic examination revealed the tumors to be mesotheliomas. to our knowledge, mesotheliomas have not been reported in this species.	1982	7078085
immunogenicity of killed bordetella bronchiseptica vaccines in the mouse.	two intramuscular injections (two weeks apart of graded doses of killed strains of bordetella bronchiseptica from the pig (oln 14 or lbf 1) or the dog (d1) had produced in mice circulating agglutinins ranging in mean titre (log2) per group from about 3.3 to 10.2 two weeks later. these levels depended partly on vaccinal strains and dose, and partly on the strain used as agglutinogen. other such mice were challenged intraperitoneally with about 50 ld50 (approximately or equal to 10(7.4) viable bac ...	1982	7079606
glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli associated with clinical veterinary specimens.	glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (nfb) have been recognized recently as opportunistic pathogens of humans. with few exceptions, strains of nfb have not been considered important enough to be identified when isolated from animals. in this study, all nfb isolated during a 1-year period in a clinical veterinary microbiology laboratory were identified to determine their prevalence. of the 347 strains of nfb obtained, the most common species were pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter calco ...	1982	7107835
a study of chronic pneumonia in a guineapig colony with enzootic bordetella bronchiseptica infection.	three types of lesion were present in the lungs of guineapigs with chronic pneumonia - pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, perivascular lymphoid hyperplasia and foreign body granulomas. bordetella bronchiseptica was present in the nasopharynx, trachea and lungs of a high proportion of animals from 4 weeks old, and antibodies to this organism were also found. animals removed at 4 days old and reared in isolation from the main colony and free from b. bronchiseptica developed similar lung lesions, so ...	1982	7109535
immunisation of pigs against experimental infection with bordetella bronchiseptica.	during pregnancy seven minimum-disease sows (group a) were infected intranasally with bordetella bronchiseptica, fed with the killed bacterium periodically and inoculated parenterally with a dead vaccine eight, six and two weeks before parturition. groups b and c, isolated from a until farrowing, contained respectively six sows given the vaccine parenterally and eight control sows. at parturition, group a had much higher average agglutinin titres in the serum and colostrum than b or c. group a s ...	1982	7112861
ultrastructural changes in the nasal turbinate bones of pigs in early infection with bordetella bronchiseptica.	the ultrastructural changes in the turbinates of young pigs killed four, seven, 14 and 28 days after intranasal inoculation (dpi) with bordetella bronchiseptica were restricted to osteoblasts. in a few cells irregularities and evagination of the nuclear membrane were associated with enlargement of the golgi apparatus at four dpi. by seven dpi many osteoblasts had these changes and also a dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum while mitochondria retained normal definition: an amorphous degenerat ...	1982	7134647
experimental infection of bordetella bronchiseptica to rabbits.	infectivity and pathogenicity of bordetella bronchiseptica to rabbits were investigated by intranasal inoculation of the organism to suckling and young animals. results are summarized as follows. 1. by inoculation of 5 x 10(4) and 10(6) organisms, the infection developed in 60% and 100% of young rabbits, respectively. 2. in young rabbits, the growth of the organism was evident in the trachea within 5 days after inoculation and in the lung on the 10th day. the organism began to disappear from the ...	1982	7140824
virulence of bordetella bronchiseptica from pigs with or without atrophic rhinitis.	the virulence of 17 isolates of bordetella bronchiseptica from 13 pig herds was compared by intranasal infection of gnotobiotic piglets and ld50 tests on mice. of 59 piglets given 8.1-10-5 log 10 colony-forming units (cfu) of isolates from two herds with atrophic rhinitis (ar isolates) or isolates from six unaffected herds (non-ar isolates), 16 died of acute pneumonia; the survivors developed non-progressive turbinate hypoplasia and chronic pneumonia. infection of 11 piglets with c. 3.0 log to c ...	1982	7143418
nasal turbinate atrophy in young mice inoculated with bordetella bronchiseptica of pig origin.	development of a model in experimental small animals will facilitate research on the mechanisms of nasal turbinate atrophy of swine. atrophy of the nasal turbinate with bordetella bronchiseptica phase i organisms of pig origin was induced by intranasal inoculation in 5-day-old or younger mice. inoculations of phase i organisms into 10-day-old or older mice and of avirulent phase iii organisms into 5-day-old or younger mice did not induce lesions of the disease, however. the lesions appeared in 4 ...	1982	7149389