Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| differentiation of gonococcal and non-gonococcal neisseriae by the superoxol test. | we evaluated the superoxol (catalase) test as a means of differentiating gonococci from related species of organisms which were cultured from a variety of anatomical sites. an isolate was almost certainly not a gonococcus if it gave a negative superoxol test result, as all but one of 596 available gonococci gave positive test results. however, a proportion of the non-gonococcal neisseriae and isolates of branhamella catarrhalis, also gave positive test results. the superoxol test is thus a usefu ... | 1984 | 6423211 |
| conjugation of plasmids of neisseria gonorrhoeae to other neisseria species: potential reservoirs for the beta-lactamase plasmid. | the discovery that penicillinase production in neisseria gonorrhoeae was plasmid mediated and the spread of the beta-lactamase encoding plasmids in gonococcal isolates since 1976, raise the possibility that a nonpathogenic indigenous bacterium could serve as a reservoir for these plasmids. we initiated studies to define the ability of commensal neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis strains, as well as strains of the pathogen neisseria meningitidis, to serve as recipients in conjugation w ... | 1984 | 6434640 |
| [characteristics of nonpathogenic neisseria and branhamella catarrhalis based on cytopathogenicity]. | the study of the action of 12 neisseria species belonging to 112 strains, 6 b. catarrhalis strains and 202 meningococcal strains on the culture of continuous cell line f1 (human amniotic cells) has revealed that nonpathogenic neisseria are essentially weaker than meningococci in their pathogenicity (expressed in terms of cpd50). among nonpathogenic neisseria highly cytopathogenic strains occur in 13.9% of cases, which gives grounds for considering them opportunistic bacteria. sharply pronounced ... | 1984 | 6435356 |
| evaluation of gonochek-ii as a rapid identification system for pathogenic neisseria species. | the gonochek-ii test kit (e-y laboratories, san mateo, calif.) may be used to rapidly identify (within 30 min) neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, neisseria lactamica, and branhamella catarrhalis. the kit consists of oxidase swabs, chromogenic substrates, and ey-20 reagent (diazonium salt derivative). a beta-lactamase tube is also included. fifty-two clinical isolates were tested from cervical (22 isolates), urethral (13), throat (11), rectal (5), and urine (1) sources. all strains we ... | 1984 | 6436315 |
| [6 cases with chronic lower airway infection due to branhamella catarrhalis assessed by transtracheal aspiration--with special reference to polymicrobial infection]. | 1984 | 6436402 | |
| activity of common antibiotics against branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, group a streptococci and staphylococcus aureus in 1983. | the activity of phenoxymethylpenicillin (pcv), ampicillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, co trimoxazole, doxycycline and erythromycin against clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, group a streptococci and staphylococcus aureus in 1983 was investigated with the mic-method (plate-dilution technique). forty-six percent of b. catarrhalis, 2% of h. influenzae and 78% of s. aureus were beta-lactamase producing and had high mic-values for penicillin ... | 1984 | 6437134 |
| immunological identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae with monoclonal and polyclonal antibody coagglutination reagents. | the reliability of immunological identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae using polyclonal and monoclonal antibody coagglutination reagents has been evaluated. when clinical isolates of neisseriae were tested in an "in use" trial the sensitivity and specificity of each reagent were similar and the overall agreement with carbohydrate utilisation was 97.9% (141/144) for the polyclonal antibody reagent and 97.2% (140/144) for the monoclonal reagent. when results of testing 13 stock cultures of n lac ... | 1984 | 6438184 |
| [a case of legionnaires' disease and branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia complicated with malignant lymphoma]. | 1984 | 6440926 | |
| a study by high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of relationships between neisseria gonorrhoeae and other bacteria. | high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to analyse the soluble proteins from seven strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae, six strains of neisseria meningitidis and one or two strains of twelve other species. approximately 200 individual polypeptides could be visualized as coomassie blue stained spots on an electrophoretogram of n. gonorrhoeae and similar numbers were found for the other bacteria. each species of bacterium had a distinctly different pattern of spots ... | 1984 | 6440950 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis isolates from bronchopulmonary infections. | fifty-four clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis from patients with bronchopulmonary infections were studied. the mics for 50 and 90% of the isolates and the geometric mean mics were determined for 11 antimicrobial agents. all the strains were resistant to trimethoprim but were susceptible to clavulanate-potentiated amoxicillin (augmentin; beecham research laboratories, london), chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and cefuroxime. beta-lactamase-negative strains were ... | 1984 | 6508272 |
| erythromycin in the treatment of otitis media with effusion (ome). | previous studies have shown erythromycin to penetrate into both the middle-ear effusion and the adenoid tissue in children with otitis media with effusion (ome). the levels obtained were similar to the plasma levels. cultures in long-standing cases of ome have yielded respiratory pathogens--haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis--in the nasopharynx in 79 per cent and in the middle-ear effusion in 18 per cent. in the present investigation a group of children ... | 1984 | 6540792 |
| diagnostic value of interactions between members of the family neisseriaceae and lectins. | the lectin slide agglutination test for neisseria gonorrhoeae has been modified and improved. results show that wheat germ agglutinin and soybean lectin agglutinate 100% (193 of 193 tested) of clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae. lectin-reactive meningococci can be readily identified by the hydrolysis of gamma-glutamyl-beta-naphthylamide. branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria lactamica, neisseria sicca, neisseria subflava, neisseria perflava, and meningococcal serogroups a, b, c, x, y, and z do not ... | 1984 | 6546936 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of branhamella catarrhalis isolated from respiratory tract infections]. | the efficacy of antibiotics including some newly developed penicillins and cephems on clinically isolated branhamella catarrhalis was evaluated in vitro. among 44 strains of b. catarrhalis which were isolated from expectorated sputum of patients with respiratory tract infections 36 strains were proved to produce beta-lactamase. mics of penicillins for beta-lactamase positive strains ranged from less than or equal to 0.05 to 3.13 micrograms/ml, while those for beta-lactamase negative strains were ... | 1984 | 6567671 |
| treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in childhood: a comparative study of amoxicillin and cefaclor. | maxillary sinus aspiration and quantitative culture of the aspirate were performed in 50 patients, ranging in age from 1 to 16 years, with clinical and radiographic evidence of acute sinusitis. of 79 sinuses aspirated, at least one was found to be infected in 35 (70%) children. streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis, and haemophilus influenzae were the most common organisms recovered. all h. influenzae were nontypeable. twenty percent of the h. influenzae and 27% of the b. catarrhalis ... | 1984 | 6363660 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis septicemia in a granulocytopenic patient]. | 1984 | 6237339 | |
| differentiation of neisseria gonorrhoeae from other neisseria species by use of the restriction endonuclease haeiii. | we used the restriction endonuclease haeiii to differentiate neisseria gonorrhoeae from other neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis. a total of 16 clinical isolates and four american type culture collection strains of n. gonorrhoeae were resistant to haeiii digestion, whereas 17 isolates and four american type culture collection strains from eight different bacterial species were susceptible. this resistance was not caused by an enzyme inhibitor. we propose that protection of the haeiii ... | 1984 | 6092433 |
| ceftriaxone in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | a group of 36 patients, admitted to hospital because of acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, were treated with once daily injections of ceftriaxone for 10 days, 17 receiving 1 g injections and 19 patients 2 g doses. at the end of treatment (day 11) six patients remained infected (three with branhamella catarrhalis and three with pseudomonas aeruginosa) but during the 7 follow-up days 12 patients developed infections with beta-lactamase producing strains of bran. catarrhalis, ps. a ... | 1984 | 6097574 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fr 17027, a new orally active cephalosporin. | fr 17027, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin ester, inhibited group a and b streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.1 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the inhibition concentration of amoxicillin and cefaclor, and was more active than cephalexin. it was less active (mic, 25 micrograms/ml) against staphylococci than was cephalexin, and it did not inhibit streptococcus faecalis or listeria monocytogenes. fr 17027 inhibited beta-lactamase-producing isolates of neisser ... | 1984 | 6333207 |
| in vitro activity of ciprofloxacin against bacteroides, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | 1984 | 6333337 | |
| nasopharyngeal carriage of bacteria in otitis-prone and non-otitis-prone children in day-care centres. | during a 2-year period nasopharyngeal specimens were taken monthly on scheduled occasions as well as at episodes of acute otitis media (aom) from a population of children attending day-care centres. the carriage rates of pneumococci, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in 26 otitis-prone (op) children when asymptomatic and at episodes of aom were compared with the carriage rates in 36 non-otitis-prone (nop) children. pneumococci, h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis were found as freq ... | 1984 | 6333772 |
| pathogenicity of branhamella catarrhalis. | branhamella catarrhalis--a gram-negative diplococcus--differs biochemically from other neisseriaceae and possesses a specific protein with antigenic properties. although scattered cases of meningitis and endocarditis have been reported since 1907, b. catarrhalis has been considered a non-pathogenic, pharyngeal commensal. however, relatively recent reports have shown b. catarrhalis to play a significant role in the etiology of otitis media and bronchopulmonary infections. some reports also indica ... | 1984 | 6333774 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: an unappreciated pulmonary pathogen. | branhamella catarrhalis is being increasingly identified as an important pulmonary pathogen, particularly in elderly patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. this gram-negative diplococcus can readily be isolated and detected in respiratory secretions. laboratory identification requires care and beta-lactamase testing. recognition of lower respiratory tract disease caused by b. catarrhalis is rewarding, since safe and effective therapy exists to treat these patients. | 1984 | 6333806 |
| bacteriology of chronic tonsillitis in young adults. | tonsils were obtained from 22 young adults (mean age, 23 years) suffering from chronic tonsillitis. mixed aerobic and anaerobic flora was obtained from core tonsillar cultures in all patients, yielding an average of 9.0 isolates (5.3 anaerobes and 3.7 aerobes) per specimen. the predominant anaerobic isolates were bacteroides sp, fusobacterium sp, and gram-positive cocci. the predominant aerobic isolates were alpha-hemolytic streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, branhamella catarrhalis, beta-hemol ... | 1984 | 6334513 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis--a respiratory tract pathogen with the ability to produce beta-lactamases]. | 1984 | 6334796 | |
| clinical and microbiological features of branhamella catarrhalis bronchopulmonary infections. | branhamella catarrhalis bronchopulmonary infection was diagnosed in 101 patients with clinical lower respiratory tract infections by the presence of gram-negative intracellular diplococci in sputum and growth of more than 20 colonies of b catarrhalis in quantitative culture at a 10(-7) dilution. 94 patients had either chronic chest disease or were current or previous smokers, 59 had a cause of generalised immunosuppression, and 17 had a high risk of aspiration from the oropharynx. the pathogenic ... | 1984 | 6143094 |
| branhamella catarrhalis (beta lactamase positive) ophthalmia neonatorum. | 1984 | 6147687 | |
| superoxol and amylase inhibition tests for distinguishing gonococcal and nongonococcal cultures growing on selective media. | two inexpensive screening tests were evaluated singly and in tandem for distinguishing neisseria gonorrhoeae from other oxidase-positive microorganisms growing on selective gonococcal media. in tests of 728 cultures, including 460 n. gonorrhoeae, 4 neisseria lactamica, 257 neisseria meningitidis, and 7 branhamella catarrhalis, both superoxol (30% h2o2; j. t. baker chemical co., phillipsburg, n.j.) and amylase inhibition tests were 100% sensitive (positive) for 20-h cultures of n. gonorrhoeae. si ... | 1984 | 6205016 |
| branhamella catarrhalis bacteraemia and immunosuppression--part of a larger problem? | attention is drawn to the striking association between bacteraemia due to branhamella catarrhalis and immunosuppression and evidence is cited suggesting a special relationship between this and other neisseria of intermediate virulence and systemic disease in the immunologically compromised. | 1985 | 3967473 |
| unsuspected bacteremia caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 3969356 | |
| severe respiratory infection with branhamella catarrhalis in an african child. | a pure growth of branhamella catarrhalis was obtained from a purulent bronchial exudate in a 28-month-old rwandese girl, hospitalized for acute inspiratory dyspnoea with fever. the outcome was favourable under treatment with ampicillin, although the isolate was shown to produce a beta-lactamase in vitro. | 1985 | 3987730 |
| [meningitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis]. | 1985 | 3990179 | |
| ph and incubation atmosphere influence erythromycin activity against branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 4008390 | |
| urinary tract infection caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1985 | 4008967 | |
| neonatal pneumonia caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | a 15-day-old, prematurely born male infant with bronchopneumonia caused by branhamella catarrhalis is reported. one case of ophthalmia neonatorum was the only report found of b. catarrhalis infections in neonates when the literature was reviewed. | 1985 | 4023636 |
| branhamella catarrhalis endocarditis in a patient receiving hemodialysis. | while branhamella catarrhalis is now recognized as an important pathogen, this is only the fifth reported case of endocarditis caused by it. the production of beta-lactamase by many strains and its resistance to vancomycin and clindamycin complicate the choice of antibiotic therapy. | 1985 | 4023776 |
| in vitro activity of temocillin against clinical isolates. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations of temocillin against more than 1000 clinical isolates were determined by an agar dilution method. temocillin showed excellent activity against haemophilus influenzae, pathogenic neisseria species and branhamella catarrhalis, including beta-lactamase producing strains, but showed very low activity or was inactive against gram-positive cocci and campylobacter, bacteroides, acinetobacter and pseudomonas species. good activity was obtained against 702 enterobac ... | 1985 | 4029009 |
| comparative treatment trial of augmentin versus cefaclor for acute otitis media with effusion. | a total of 150 children with acute otitis media were randomly allocated to treatment with amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate (augmentin) or with cefaclor. each drug was given in a daily dosage of approximately 40 mg/kg in three divided doses for ten days. tympanocentesis done before treatment yielded specimens that contained pneumococcus or haemophilus sp or both in 67% of specimens. viridans group streptococci were isolated from 10% of specimens and branhamella catarrhalis from 6%. patients were ... | 1985 | 4039433 |
| branhamella catarrhalis sepsis. | 1985 | 4047969 | |
| the pharmacokinetic and bactericidal characteristics of oral cefixime. | the pharmacokinetics of cefixime (fk 027), a broad-spectrum cephalosporin, were assessed in 12 normal subjects after single oral doses of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg. mean peak serum concentrations were 1.02, 1.46, 2.63, and 3.85 micrograms/ml after the four respective doses. respective mean serum levels at 12 hours were 0.16, 0.33, 0.72, and 1.13 micrograms/ml. volumes of distribution averaged 0.1 l/kg body weight, and the elimination t1/2 was 3 hours for all doses. the auc was 7.01, 11.4, 22.5, a ... | 1985 | 4053491 |
| lower respiratory tract infection. | the most important lower respiratory infection is pneumonia, the fourth leading cause of death. most cases of bronchitis are of viral etiology and are not major problems. empyema can present an important problem in management. although the diagnosis of pneumonia is usually relatively straightforward, the specific etiologic diagnosis remains a major problem. availability of empyema fluid or a positive blood culture result can be helpful in making the etiologic diagnosis, but these are unavailable ... | 1985 | 4073097 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis in neonatal pulmonary infectious pathology]. | bronchopulmonary infections has been described for the most part in adults. orl and upper respiratory tract infections are encountered in children. in neonates, only conjunctivitis have been reported. in their report, the authors describes the first cases of bronchopulmonary infections due to branhamella catarrhalis in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome. three cases are described in which this bacteria has been isolated in bronchial secretions and in the culture of the nasotrac ... | 1985 | 3831902 |
| treatment of pneumonia with imipenem/cilastatin. | this pilot study assessed the efficacy, safety and tolerance of intravenously administered imipenem/cilastatin in the treatment of adults hospitalised with community acquired pneumonia. thirteen patients were treated with 500 mg imipenem and 500 mg cilastatin eight hourly for a minimum of five days. eleven patients (85%) had a clinical cure; (legionella pneumophila was the pathogen in four, streptococcus pneumoniae in one, branhamella catarrhalis in one, no pathogen identified in five). one pati ... | 1985 | 3859775 |
| [septicemia caused by branhamella (neisseria) catarrhalis in an immunosuppressed patient]. | a case is reported of branhamella catarrhalis septicemia occurring during the aplastic phase of treatment for acute myeloblastic leukemia. skin lesions were observed which are ordinarily seen in chronic gonococcal or meningococcal septicemia. the pathogenic role of this agent, which is normally considered nonaggressive, is discussed. | 1985 | 3863245 |
| pefloxacin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | forty-three patients admitted to hospital with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 400 mg pefloxacin twice daily for ten days. the first 20 patients were given the first dose of the drug as a 60 min intravenous infusion. serum and sputum concentrations of pefloxacin were measured microbiologically at intervals on the first treatment day and the sputum was cultured before, during, and after the course of pefloxacin. two patients died from unrelated causes during t ... | 1985 | 3863811 |
| the effect of cefaclor on the nasopharyngeal flora in children with chronic ome. | about 80% of children with chronic ome carry respiratory pathogens in the nasopharynx, with a remarkably stable spectrum and frequency. in a randomized clinical trial the nasopharyngeal flora was determined in 45 untreated cases and in 32 cases treated with cefaclor (kefolor), 20 mg/kg body weight b.i.d. for 10 days. compared to the untreated children, the treated group showed a significantly decreased frequency of streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis, and a reduced number of cul ... | 1985 | 3865492 |
| in-vitro activity of ofloxacin, a quinolone carboxylic acid compared to other quinolones and other antimicrobial agents. | ofloxacin is a new quinolone carboxylic acid compound. its activity against 900 bacterial isolates was determined. it inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., aeromonas hydrophila, salmonella spp., shigella spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., morganella morganii, proteus mirabilis, yersinia enterocolitica at less than or equal to 0.8 mg/l. branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus sp., neisseria sp. were inhibited by less than or equal to 0.1 mg/l. pseudomonas aeruginosa and other ps ... | 1985 | 3865923 |
| prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in chronic suppurative otitis media. | aspiration of the exudate through open perforation was performed in 48 children with chronic suppurative otitis media. eighty-two aerobic and 93 anaerobic isolates were recovered. aerobic bacteria only were involved in 22 patients (46%), and anaerobic organisms only were involved in five patients (10%). mixed aerobic and anaerobic isolates were recovered from 21 patients (44%). the most common bacteria isolated were bacteroides melaninogenicus group (40% of patients), pseudomonas aeruginosa (29% ... | 1985 | 3872063 |
| characterization of the plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase in branhamella catarrhalis, with special reference to substrate affinity. | the plasmid-mediated branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamase bro-1, also found in moraxella nonliquefaciens, was characterized as regards substrate profile, isoelectric point and relative substrate affinity index (rsai) to various substrates and compared in these aspects with the tem-1 enzyme of haemophilus influenzae. as measured by a biological assay and with high performance liquid chromatography (hplc), bro-1 was found to hydrolyse carbenicillin, mecillinam, methicillin and cefaclor with a hi ... | 1985 | 3872294 |
| a perspective on the present contribution of beta-lactamases to bacterial resistance with particular reference to induction of beta-lactamase and its clinical significance. | resistance of bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics has become a serious problem in the past several decades. virtually all staphylococcus aureus, many haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, many enterobacteriaceae, many pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacteroides species possess beta-lactamases which hydrolyze to varying degree penems, penams, carbapenems, cephems, cephamycins and monobactams. the most common plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase is the so-called tem beta-la ... | 1985 | 3872725 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of isolates from patients with branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia compared with those of colonizing strains. | branhamella catarrhalis has recently been recognized as an opportunistic respiratory pathogen. we tested 10 isolates recovered from patients with documented b. catarrhalis pneumonia and 15 colonizing isolates for their susceptibility to 19 antimicrobial agents and for their ability to produce beta-lactamase. eight of ten disease isolates and 12 of 15 colonizing isolates produced a detectable beta-lactamase. the isolates that were negative for beta-lactamase were susceptible to all agents tested, ... | 1985 | 3873899 |
| in vitro susceptibilities and beta-lactamase production of 53 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. | we tested 53 clinical isolates of branhamella catarrhalis recovered from patients with respiratory symptoms to determine the susceptibility of the isolates to 25 antimicrobial agents, including the newer beta-lactam antibiotics. of the 53 strains, 46 (86.7%) were beta-lactamase producers. all the strains were susceptible to the majority of the new penicillins and cephalosporins. the combinations of amoxacillin-clavulanic acid and ticarcillin-clavulanic acid were also very active against the beta ... | 1985 | 3873905 |
| branhamella catarrhalis in acute otitis media. | a total of 5217 middle ear fluid (mef) samples obtained from 1203 children with otitis media, aged 3 months to 6 years, were studied for the presence of branhamella catarrhalis (br) between oct. 1977 and sept. 1981. br grew in 10.2% of 3497 mefs of acute otitis media (aom), with almost the same frequency in the very first and subsequent attacks. during the first 4 years of life the percentage did not vary much; among older children it seemed to decrease. the overall prevalence of br in aom did n ... | 1985 | 3874516 |
| amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections caused by beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | twenty-one adult patients hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections due to branhamella catarrhalis or haemophilus influenzae or both were treated with the combination of oral amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate (augmentin) in an open, noncomparative clinical trial. diseases included pneumonia, empyema, and exacerbations of bronchiectasis and chronic lung disease. thirteen of 16 b. catarrhalis and six of nine h. influenzae isolates were beta-lactamase positive. the patients with b. c ... | 1985 | 3875310 |
| bacteremia caused by a beta-lactamase producing strain of branhamella catarrhalis. a case report. | a case of branhamella catarrhalis bacteremia without known infectious focus in a granulocytopenic patient is reported. there were no unusual clinical features of bacteremia, such as purpura, in this case which distinguished it from bacteremia due to other bacteria. the isolated strain was beta-lactamase producing. the patient recovered uneventfully on antibiotics; at the same time, however, the bone marrow was also normalized. | 1985 | 3876684 |
| antibacterial activity of ticarcillin in the presence of clavulanate potassium. | the antibacterial effects produced by ticarcillin disodium plus clavulanate potassium, a combination of the broad-spectrum penicillin ticarcillin, and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid as the potassium salt, have been measured in vitro and in experimental infection studies. the presence of clavulanic acid resulted in a significant enhancement of the activity of ticarcillin against a wide range of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. these included ticarcillin-resistant strains of escher ... | 1985 | 3878080 |
| microbiology of recently treated acute otitis media compared with previously untreated acute otitis media. | isolates were obtained from 169 middle ear aspirates of 148 children with recently treated acute otitis media (rtom) and from 123 aspirates of 84 children with previously untreated acute otitis media (uom). in rtom streptococcus pneumoniae and group a streptococcus (p less than 0.02) were recovered less frequently whereas staphylococcus aureus (p less than 0.001) and haemophilus influenzae (p less than 0.02) were recovered more frequently than in uom. patients with rtom had more beta-lactamase-p ... | 1985 | 3878501 |
| branhamella catarrhalis, a respiratory tract pathogen. | branhamella catarrhalis, formerly regarded as an oropharyngeal commensal, has more recently been implicated as an opportunistic pathogen in the respiratory tract. this report describes the isolation of b. catarrhalis from two consecutive samples of empyema fluid and also from sputum in thirteen cases of lower respiratory tract disease, where the isolate was considered to be etiologically significant. the antibiotic therapy required to treat such infections is discussed. | 1985 | 3879171 |
| multiresistance plasmid from commensal neisseria strains. | antibiotic-resistant commensal strains of neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis were isolated from throat cultures, on the basis of their capacity to grow in the presence of penicillin, streptomycin, or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. several strains, which belonged to different species of neisseria, were resistant to beta-lactams, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim, harbored a 6.0-megadalton plasmid with identical hinfi restriction patterns, and produced beta-lactamase and str ... | 1985 | 3885843 |
| evaluation of the rim-n, gonochek ii, and phadebact systems for the identification of pathogenic neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis. | methods for identifying neisseria spp. include conventional and modified carbohydrate degradation procedures, chromogenic enzyme substrate tests, and immunologic coagglutination tests for neisseria gonorrhoeae. in this study, we evaluated the abilities of the rim-n carbohydrate degradation system (american microscan, campbell, calif.), the gonochek ii enzymatic identification system (du pont co., wilmington, del.), and the phadebact gonococcus coagglutination test (pharmacia diagnostics, piscata ... | 1985 | 3889044 |
| evaluation of a rapid identification method for neisseria spp. | a comparison was made of carbohydrate degradation reactions of neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, neisseria lactamica, neisseria mucosa, neisseria sicca, neisseria subflava, and branhamella catarrhalis in a rapid (0.5- to 1-h) identification micromethod (rim-n kit; austin biological laboratories, inc., austin, tex.) and in a serum-free agar slanted medium (72 h). reactions after 1 h in the rim-n system agreed completely with those after 72 h in the conventional system. | 1985 | 3891778 |
| evaluation of a one-hour test for the identification of neisseria species. | this study presents an evaluation of the rim-n kit (austin biological laboratories, inc., austin, tex.), a commercial system for rapid identification of neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis. the system was compared with the cystine-trypticase (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.) agar method; 218 isolates were tested by each method. there was 96% agreement between the two methods, and only nine discrepancies were encountered. the results suggest that the rim-n kit may provide a rap ... | 1985 | 3897266 |
| infection and branhamella catarrhalis. | of the gram-negative cocci found in the nasopharynx to which any pathogenic status can be attributed, neisseria meningitidis and neisseria (branhamella) catarrhalis have gained significant notoriety. traditionally, b. catarrhalis is regarded as a nasopharyngeal commensal and thus there is, in general, considerable reluctance to accept that b. catarrhalis may be a pathogen when it is seen. hence, it is under-reported or totally ignored though there is more awareness regarding its pathogenic poten ... | 1985 | 3904854 |
| contribution of beta-lactamases to bacterial resistance and mechanisms to inhibit beta-lactamases. | resistance of bacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics has become a serious problem in the past several decades. virtually all staphylococcus aureus, and many hemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, enterobacteriaceae, and bacteroides species possess beta-lactamases that hydrolyze penicillins and cephalosporins. the most common plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase is the tem enzyme (richmond-sykes type iiia), which is present in hemophilus, neisseria, and enterobacteriaceae. ... | 1985 | 3907341 |
| update on antimicrobial therapy for otitis media and sinusitis in children. | acute otitis media and chronic otitis media with effusion are generally caused in children by the bacteria found in the nasopharynx. in growing numbers of young patients, beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis and staphylococcus aureus have recently emerged as causative organisms. the antimicrobial agent selected for treatment should be effective against whatever pathogens have been associated with failures of symptomatic treatment in the community. acute or chronic sinusiti ... | 1985 | 3912121 |
| evaluation of gonogen coagglutination test for serodiagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae: identification of problem isolates by auxotyping, serotyping, and with a fluorescent antibody reagent. | gonogen (micro-media systems, potomac, md) is a commercially available coagglutination test for the identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae. we tested 84 strains of neisseria spp. and branhamella catarrhalis, including 50 clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae. eighty-six percent (51/59) of n. gonorrhoeae, including 86% (43/50) of clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae, were identified correctly in the gonogen test. in contrast, all n. gonorrhoeae isolates reacted with a fluorescent antibody research ... | 1985 | 3917886 |
| inefficacy of penicillin v in acute laryngitis in adults. evaluation from results of double-blind study. | patients with acute laryngitis following an upper respiratory tract infection are often treated with antibiotics for their voice complaints, although, to our knowledge, the effect of such therapy has not been examined. in the present study, comprising 100 adults with laryngitis, the rate of resolution of vocal symptoms, as estimated from voice recordings or subjectively by the patients, was the same in patients who received penicillin v (pcv) as in those who received placebo. similarly, the degr ... | 1985 | 3918495 |
| evaluation of the rim system and gono gen test for identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae from clinical specimens. | rim-n (austin biological laboratories) and gono gen (micro media systems) were evaluated for accuracy and compared with conventional carbohydrate degradation tests for identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae. a total of 127 fresh clinical isolates of n. gonorrhoeae were tested; 118 (93%) were identified by rim-n, and 100 (79%) yielded positive reactions with gono gen. seventy nongonococcal isolates including other neisseria species, branhamella catarrhalis, kingella kingae, and moraxella species ... | 1985 | 3919991 |
| development of bactericidal antibody during branhamella catarrhalis infection. | the recent observation that branhamella catarrhalis may cause a variety of infections in humans has stimulated interest in human host defenses against this organism. we encountered 21 patients with b. catarrhalis infection: seven with pneumonia, 13 with a purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, and one with purulent sinusitis. normal human serum (nhs) demonstrated no bactericidal activity against 20 of the 21 isolates. in contrast, 7 of 19 acute and 18 of 20 convalescent sera demonstrated s ... | 1985 | 3921623 |
| aztreonam in patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: failure to prevent emergence of pneumococcal infections. | a group of 36 patients, all requiring hospital admission because of acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, were treated with 1 or 2 g intramuscular injections of aztreonam for ten days. patients with streptococcus pneumoniae infections were excluded from the study. sputum cultures before treatment revealed the other usual respiratory pathogens but repeat cultures on days 3, 10 and 17 sometimes yielded str. pneumoniae, occasionally combined with haemophilus influenzae or branhamella ... | 1985 | 3922936 |
| comparative evaluation of five commercial systems for the rapid identification of pathogenic neisseria species. | prompt diagnosis and effective treatment of urogenital gonococcal infections require rapid isolation and identification of neisseria gonorrhoeae from urogenital specimens. we evaluated a new, rapid (30-min) test called gonochek ii (e-y laboratories, san mateo, calif.) which utilizes chromogenic substrates for the identification of pathogenic neisseria species. it was compared with the api neident (analytab products, inc., plainview, n.y.), minitek (bbl microbiology systems, cockeysville, md.), a ... | 1985 | 3926813 |
| the in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefpirome (hr 810), a pyridine cephalosporin agent active against staphylococci, enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new cyclopyridinium cephalosporin, was evaluated against 947 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. cefpirome inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., citrobacter diversus, morganella morganii, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis, aeromonas spp., salmonella spp., shigella spp. and haemophilus and neisseria species at less than or equal to 0.4 mg/l. it had activity comparable to that of cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and moxalactam again ... | 1985 | 3928497 |
| production of 14c-labeled gas in bactec neisseria differentiation kits by neisseria cinerea. | six strains of neisseria cinerea were tested in bactec neisseria differentiation kits (johnston laboratories, inc., towson, md.), and all yielded positive glucose growth indices and negative maltose and fructose growth indices. these results were similar to those achieved with neisseria gonorrhoeae. however, most of the n. cinerea isolates tested yielded 3-h glucose growth indices that were lower than those obtained with gonococci. 14c-labeled gas was produced significantly faster (p less than 0 ... | 1985 | 3930562 |
| phenoxymethylpenicillin and therapeutic failure in acute otitis media. | the aim of the present investigation was to determine to what extent beta-lactamase producing haemophilus influenzae (h.i.) and branhamella catarrhalis (b.c.) were isolated in cases of failure of treatment of acute otitis media (aom) with phenoxymethylpenicillin. among children with suspected therapeutic failure referred to an ent specialist altogether 11, 15% of those referred, fulfilled the criteria of aom. three of them were on erythromycin, 1 on ampicillin and 7 on phenoxymethylpenicillin. i ... | 1985 | 3937232 |
| genetic relationships among neisseria species assessed by comparative enzyme electrophoresis. | the electrophoretic mobilities of 12 enzymes from 19 neisseria species (including 6 strains of n. perflava), gemella haemolysans, escherichia coli and branhamella catarrhalis were characterized by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. all strains and species tested exhibited qualitatively different zymogram patterns. species and strain relationships were quantified by pairwise comparisons of all 12 enzyme systems to obtain similarity indices; these data were subjected to numerical clustering ... | 1985 | 3937889 |
| branhamella catarrhalis prevalence in a hospital population. | the prevalence of environmental and nasopharyngeal carriage of branhamella catarrhalis in hospital staff members and in-patients was higher than previous studies suggested. pernasal swabs performed on 59 members of staff revealed four isolates of branh. catarrhalis, two of which were beta-lactamase producers. seven isolates, two beta-lactamase positive, were recovered from 89 in-patients none of whom had bronchopulmonary infection with branh. catarrhalis. from 117 settle plates six isolates, one ... | 1985 | 2859325 |
| branhamella catarrhalis cellulitis around a cerebrospinal fluid shunt: case report. | a cellulitis surrounding a cerebrospinal fluid shunt caused by branhamella catarrhalis is described. this is the first reported case of a cellulitis caused by this bacterium. | 1985 | 2865299 |
| branhamella catarrhalis associated with eye infection in the elderly. | 1985 | 2865306 | |
| the pharmacokinetics and serum and urine bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin. | ciprofloxacin is an investigational quinolone agent possessing an impressive antibacterial spectrum. its pharmacokinetics were studied in six volunteers after 250-mg and 500-mg single oral doses, and its bactericidal activity compared to that of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole given to the same volunteers. mean peak serum levels were 1.45 micrograms/ml and 2.46 micrograms/ml for 250-mg and 500-mg doses, and time to peak was 1 and 1.3 hours. the 12-hour levels were 0.12 micrograms and 0.22 microgra ... | 1985 | 3157705 |
| clinical significance of respiratory infection caused by branhamella catarrhalis with special reference to beta-lactamase producing strains. | i found the recent increase during the past eight years of the incidence of respiratory infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis. namely, i experienced 74 cases (93 episodes) of the respiratory infections; 5 pneumonia, 14 acute bronchitis, 1 lung abscess, 36 chronic bronchitis, 7 chronic bronchiolitis, 21 bronchiectasis and 9 chronic pulmonary emphysema with infection. in 65 of 93 infectious episodes, branhamella catarrhalis was isolated as a pure culture and in 28 episodes it was associated ... | 1985 | 3000026 |
| sultamicillin (ampicillin-sulbactam) in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | sultamicillin, a dimer of ampicillin and a beta-lactamase-inhibiting agent, sulbactam, was given in oral form to 50 infants and children with acute otitis media. tympanocentesis was performed on entry into the trial. beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae or branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from 14 of 73 (19.2%) middle ear effusions in 9 children. relief of symptoms (fever/otalgia) occurred in all children who completed therapy. however, in 8 children (16%), the antimicrobial agent w ... | 1986 | 3003716 |
| detection, distribution and inhibition of branhamella catarrhalis beta-lactamases. | beta-lactamase-producing isolates of branhamella catarrhalis were first detected in france in 1977. the frequency of beta-lactamase producers has increased, especially since 1980. an agar iodometric test, a fast chromogenic test and an acidimetric test were used to assess the beta-lactamase-producing capabilities of 188 isolates of b. catarrhalis obtained mainly from sputum and the pharynx. data from the first 2 procedures indicated positive beta-lactamase activity for all 49 strains of b. catar ... | 1986 | 3015547 |
| antibacterial activity of ofloxacin and its mode of action. | the antibacterial activity of ofloxacin against enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae was comparable to norfloxacin and enoxacin, and far exceeded the activity of pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid. the activity of ofloxacin was two to eight times less than that of ciprofloxacin. ofloxacin was more active against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, acinetobacter spp., legionel ... | 1986 | 3028966 |
| increase in bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis. | in a six month prospective study during the winter branhamella catarrhalis was isolated from the sputum of 63 patients with symptoms of bronchopulmonary infection: 49 isolates were in pure culture and 14 were with another pathogen, haemophilus influenzae being the commonest (found with 10 of the 14 b catarrhalis isolates). of 36 patients infected in the community, 26 required admission to hospital. the remaining 27 patients were infected while in hospital. forty four of the 63 isolates produced ... | 1986 | 3084017 |
| increase in bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis. | 1986 | 3087474 | |
| preliminary evaluation of a rapid colorimetric method for identification of pathogenic neisseria. | a rapid colorimetric method for the identification of pathogenic neisseria (identicult-neisseria; scott laboratories, inc.) based on beta-galactosidase, gamma-glutamylaminopeptidase, and gamma-prolylaminopeptidase is described. all 82 clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae, 9 clinical isolates of n. meningitidis, and 5 clinical isolates of n. lactamica were correctly determined to the species level, as were 4 isolates of branhamella catarrhalis. reactions were prompt and easily interpreted. ... | 1986 | 3088030 |
| emergence of beta-lactamase producing anaerobic bacteria in the tonsils during penicillin treatment. | the emergence of beta-lactamase producing bacteria in the microflora in the oropharyngeal cavity was studied in ten healthy volunteers treated with 1 g phenoxymethylpenicillin b.i.d. for ten days. beta-lactamase activity in saliva was also investigated. a significant increase in the number of beta-lactamase producing strains of bacteroides species and fusobacterium nucleatum was observed. one beta-lactamase producing staphylococcus aureus strain was recovered in one of the volunteers before the ... | 1986 | 3093222 |
| [aerobic bacterial flora of the nasal cavity of rabbits]. | on the basis of bacteriological examinations carried out in april 1984 on 60 intranasal swabs, aerobic respiratory microbes were studied in rabbits. differences in flora between animals with and without respiratory diseases were studied. fourteen bacterial species were identified with no difference due to the pathological status. they were: bordetella bronchiseptica, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus faecalis, pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus sp., branhamella catarr ... | 1986 | 3096189 |
| antimicrobial activity of cefmetazole (cs-1170) and recommendations for susceptibility testing by disk diffusion, dilution, and anaerobic methods. | cefmetazole, formerly cs-1170, was found to have antimicrobial activity slightly superior to that of cefoxitin but a clinically usable antimicrobial spectrum that should be considered identical to that of cefoxitin. disk diffusion and dilution test methods with cefmetazole correlated highly (r, greater than or equal to 0.95) with cefoxitin results. the recommended 30-micrograms cefmetazole disk interpretive breakpoints for susceptibility and resistance were greater than or equal to 18 mm (mic, l ... | 1986 | 3097064 |
| [new oral quinolone compounds in chronic bronchitis]. | clinical, microbiological and pharmacokinetic results are presented from studies in 186 patients treated with the new quinolone antimicrobial agents enoxacin, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin. almost all had been admitted to hospital for acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, associated mainly with haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis or pseudomonas aeruginosa. the h. influenzae and b. catarrhalis strains were generally very sensitive to th ... | 1986 | 2937739 |
| ciprofloxacin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | eighty hospital patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis associated with haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis or pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated with ciprofloxacin. the patients were divided into four groups of 20 patients each and administered either 500 mg, 750 mg (two different batches of tablets) or 1000 mg twice daily for ten days. most of the patients with haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis infections were tre ... | 1986 | 2941287 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of am-833, a new quinolone derivative. | am-833 showed potent activity against members of the family enterobacteriaceae, neisseria spp., and haemophilus influenzae and good activity against staphylococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and branhamella catarrhalis. against these bacteria, its activity was roughly comparable to that of norfloxacin and ofloxacin but was slightly less potent than that of ciprofloxacin. this compound also showed good activity against drug-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and ge ... | 1986 | 2942103 |
| bacterial pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | eighteen episodes of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia were diagnosed in 13 patients among 336 with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) cared for at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center since 1979. bacterial pathogens isolated in 16 of 18 episodes were haemophilus influenzae in 8, streptococcus pneumoniae in 6, group b streptococcus in 1, and branhamella catarrhalis in 1. eight episodes were presumed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia until cultures obtained at bronchoscopy confirme ... | 1986 | 3484420 |
| in vitro activity of an orally administered cephalosporin, ly164846, against potentially pathogenic respiratory and dermal bacterial isolates. | the antibacterial activity of ly164846, a new orally administered semisynthetic cephalosporin, was compared with that of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid against 492 potentially pathogenic respiratory tract and dermal isolates. against groups a, b, and g streptococci; pneumococci; staphylococci (other than methicillin resistant); haemophilus influenzae; branhamella catarrhalis; and meningococci, the mics for 90% of strains tested of ly164846 and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were less than or equal to ... | 1986 | 3486628 |
| purification and properties of a beta-lactamase produced by branhamella catarrhalis. | a beta-lactamase from branhamella catarrhalis was purified by column chromatography. the purified enzyme hydrolyzed penicillins, such as ampicillin, carbenicillin, and piperacillin, more rapidly than cephalosporins. furthermore, the enzyme hydrolyzed cefotaxime and cefmenoxime. the molecular weight of the enzyme was 33,000. the pi was 5.4. | 1986 | 3486631 |
| characteristics of human b cells responsive to the t-independent mitogen branhamella catarrhalis. | non-t cells from tonsil or blood were fractionated according to buoyant density, isotype of surface immunoglobulin, or the ability to form rosettes with mouse erythrocytes. each fraction was tested for the ability to proliferate in response to b. catarrhalis (bc) and, for comparison, staphylococcus aureus cowan 1 (sac) or an mlr supernatant (tf). cells in all density fractions responded to bc, the greatest response occurring in the high-density cell fraction. sac could similarly induce prolifera ... | 1986 | 3486820 |
| incidence of branhamella catarrhalis in the sputa of patients with chronic lung disease. | the incidence of branhamella catarrhalis in the respiratory tract of adults, especially in the united states, is not known. during the 30-month period from january 1983 to june 1985, 4180 sputum and endotracheal samples from patients in a hospital for chest diseases were evaluated. all samples were acceptable for gram-stain analysis and/or culture based on published cellular criteria. using primarily gram-stain directed cultures, 220 isolates of b. catarrhalis were identified in 180 patients, be ... | 1986 | 3488188 |
| the incidence and antibiotic susceptibility of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections. | the incidence of branhamella catarrhalis in respiratory infections at city hospital, edinburgh from january 1981 to april 1984 is described. beginning in january 1982 there was an increased incidence associated with a high proportion of beta-lactamase-producing strains. the number of these strains increased: from january 1981 to april 1983, 61% of strains produced beta-lactamase, and 83% produced beta-lactamase from january to april 1984. 53% of patients were infected in hospital. environmental ... | 1986 | 3488189 |
| upper respiratory tract infections. ecological and therapeutic aspects of beta-lactamase production with special reference to branhamella catarrhalis. | available data indicate that the most common beta-lactamase produced by branhamella catarrhalis is plasmid mediated. the same enzyme occurs in moraxella nonliquefaciens, a commensal in the upper respiratory tract. the ability to produce the enzyme, which is known as bro-1, can be transferred by conjugation from m. nonliquefaciens to b. catarrhalis. since the first beta-lactamase-producing strains of b. catarrhalis appeared in 1977, the frequency of beta-lactamase production has increased rapidly ... | 1986 | 3488190 |
| therapy of acute otitis media caused by branhamella catarrhalis. preliminary report. | since 1980, we have observed an increased incidence of otitis media caused by branhamella catarrhalis. the outcome of therapy of acute otitis media caused by this organism has been studied in a number of randomised clinical trials. 75% of isolates produced beta-lactamase. failure to sterilise b. catarrhalis-infected middle ear exudates occurred in 3 of 11 patients treated with amoxycillin or bacampicillin, 2 of 19 treated with cefaclor, but in no patients treated with co-trimoxazole (n = 10) or ... | 1986 | 3488191 |
| acute otitis media in sweden. role of branhamella catarrhalis and the rationale for choice of antimicrobial therapy. | the occurrence of branhamella catarrhalis in the nasopharynx and middle ear exudate was investigated in 3 studies. bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 63% of 180 healthy children and b. catarrhalis, the most common bacterium present, was isolated in 36%. in 75 children with primary acute otitis media, bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 98% and from the middle ear exudate in 80%. b. catarrhalis was found in the nasopharynx in 43% and in the middle ear exudate in pure cultur ... | 1986 | 3488192 |