Publications

interaction of lipophilic quinones with membrane fragments of paracoccus denitrificans and staphylococcus epidermidis.	in quinone-depleted mitochondrial and paracoccus denitrificans membranes the quantum yield of fluorescence of ostruthin (6-geranyl-7-hydroxycoumarin) was maintained, whereas an increase in the quantum yield took place after extraction of staphylococcus epidermidis membrane. a marked quenching effect of ubiquinone and menaquinone each with two isoprene units in the side chain on the ostruthin fluorescence was found with all types of quinone-depleted particles. when the homogues of menaquinone and ...	1979	486107
[utilization of monofluorobenzoic acids by paracoccus denitrificans bacteria].		1979	530142
structural analysis of four strains of paracoccus denitrificans.	two out of eleven newly isolated strains of paracoccus denitrificans were investigated by light and electron microscopic methods and compared with two strains of p. denitrificans already kept in culture collections. samples were taken from different growth phases revealing short rods and nearly spherical cells in the exponential growth phase, and an increasing ratio of nearly spherical cells in the stationary growth phase. cell division followed the binary fission mode; higher cell aggregates we ...	1979	582887
anaerobic respiration and energy conservation in paracoccus denitrificans. functioning of iron-sulfur centers, the uncoupling action of nitrite and stoichiometries for proton pumping [proceedings].		1979	582899
proton translocation coupled to ubiquinol oxidation in paracoccus denitrificans.		1979	36972
anaerobic respiration and energy conservation in paracoccus denitrificans. functioning of iron-sulfur centers and the uncoupling effect of nitrite.	1. electron paramagnetic resonance spectra at 8-60 k of nadh-reduced membrane particles prepared from paracoccus denitrificans grown anaerobically with nitrate as terminal electron acceptor show the presence of iron-sulfur centers 1-4 in the nadh-ubiquinone segment of the respiratory chain. in addition resonance lines at g = 2.058, g = 1.953 and g = 1.88 are detectable in the spectra of succinate-reduced membranes at 15 k, which are attributed to the iron-sulfur-containing nitrate reductase. 2. ...	1979	37082
comparison of the membrane-bound and detergent-solubilised hydrogenase from paracoccus denitrificans. isolation of the hydrogenase.	the hydrogenase from paracoccus denitrificans is an integral membrane protein and has been solubilised by triton x-100. the membrane-bound and detergent-solubilised forms of the enzyme have been compared. both forms of the enzyme show a ph optimum for reduction of benzyl viologen at ph 8.5--9.0 and are both inhibited by concentrations of nacl greater than 30 mm. an arrhenius plot of the activity of hydrogenase in the membrane shows no 'break'. the form of the arrhenius plot and the activation en ...	1979	39613
regulation of respiration in paracoccus denitrificans: the dependence on redox state of cytochrome c and [atp]/[adp][pi].		1979	41484
from extracellular to intracellular: the establishment of mitochondria and chloroplasts.	paracoccus and rhodopseudomonas are unusual among bacteria in having a majority of the biochemical features of mitochondria; blue-green algae have many of the features of chloroplasts. the theory of serial endosymbiosis proposes that a primitive eukaryote successively took up bacteria and blue-green algae to yield mitochondria and chloroplasts respectively. possible characteristics of transitional forms are indicated both by the primitive amoeba, pelomyxa, which lacks mitochondria but contains a ...	1979	36620
evidence for water as the product for oxygen reduction by cytochrome cd.		1979	223563
implications of the integrated rate law for the reactions of paracoccus denitrificans nitrite reductase.	the integrated rate law for the reaction of the nitrite reductase of paracoccus denitrificans, a cytochrome cd, has been established for turnover assays using donor ferrocytochromes c and either nitrite or molecular oxygen as the ultimate acceptor. the time course for the concentration of ferrocytochrome follows the law: formula: (see text), where s is the concentration of donor ferrocytochrome c, so is the initial concentration, t is time, and u1, u2, and u3 are empirical parameters that are co ...	1979	226118
the induction of site 3 phosphorylation in heterotrophically grown paracoccus denitrificans in the chemostat on mannitol plus methanol [proceedings].		1979	227325
structural aspects of the dye-linked alcohol dehydrogenase of rhodopseudomonas acidophila.	1. a dye-linked alcohol dehydrogenase was purified 60-fold from extracts of rhodopseudomonas acidophila 10050 grown aerobically on ethanol. 2. the properties of this enzyme were identical with those of the alcohol dehydrogenase synthesized by this organism during growth on methanol anaerobically in the light, and they are judged to be the same enzyme. 3. the enzyme gave a single protein band, coincident with alcohol dehydrogenase activity, during electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. 4. the ami ...	1979	229820
studies of the orientation of the mitochondrial redox carriers. iii. orientation of the gx and gy axes of the hemes of cytochrome oxidase with respect to the plane of the membrane in oriented membrane multilayers.	the epr absorption properties of the hemes of cytochrome oxidase and their liganded derivatives were examined in oriented multilayers from isolated oxidase, mitochondrial membranes and membrane fragments of a bacterium, paracoccus denitrificans. the hemes of the oxidase in all the systems investigated were oriented normal to the plane of the multilayers. the directions of the g signals corresponding to the gx and gy axes of the g tensor were found to be different in low-spin ferric heme in fully ...	1979	216401
[inorganic ion transport in bacteria].		1979	107670
substrate binding site for nitrate reductase of escherichia coli is on the inner aspect of the membrane.	escherichia coli grown anaerobically on nitrate exhibited the same transport barrier to reduction of chlorate, relative to nitrate, as that exhibited by paracoccus denitrificans. this establishes that the nitrate binding site of nitrate reductase (ec 1.7.99.4) in e. coli must also lie on the cell side of the nitrate transporter which is associated with the plasma membrane. because nitrate reductase is membrane bound, the nitrate binding site is thus located on the inner aspect of the membrane. n ...	1979	374343
a comparison of the respiratory chain in particles from paracoccus denitrificans and bovine heart mitochondria by epr spectroscopy.	a study is presented on the epr characteristics of the paramagnetic groups in the respiratory chain present in membrane particles of paracoccus denitrificans, the respiratory system of which is very similar to that in submitochondrial particles from beef heart. all paramagnetic prosthetic groups of the mitochondrial system are also found in the bacterial plasma membrane. their properties suggest that the respiratory groups are embedded in very similar protein environments in the two systems.	1980	6263319
a specific uncoupler-binding protein in tetrahymena pyriformis and paracoccus denitrificans.	the uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, 2-nitro-4-azido-carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone (n3ccp) which is capable of photoaffinity labeling has been used to examine the effect of uncouplers on the energy conserving membrane of paracoccus denitrificans and tetrahymena pyriformis. the n3ccp uncouples respiration in p. denitrificans and t. pyriformis cells with u1/2 values of 1.05 microm and 0.24 microm, respectively. binding studies show the presence of 0.65 +/- 0.05 high affinity ...	1980	6263320
heme aa3-type cytochrome c oxidases from bacteria.		1980	6263325
a two-subunit cytochrome c oxidase (cytochrome aa3) from paracoccus dentrificans.	cytochrome c oxidase (ferrocytochrome c: oxygen oxidoreductase, ec 1.9.3.1) was purified from the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterium paracoccus denitrificans. the enzyme contains two heme groups (a and a3) and two copper atoms per minimal unit, oxidizes mammalian cytochrome c at a high rate, and, when incorporated into liposomes, generates an electrochemical proton gradient during cytochrome c oxidation. sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveals only two subunits of ap ...	1980	6244543
cytochrome c and the evolution of energy metabolism.		1980	6244618
electron transport to nitrous oxide in paracoccus denitrificans.		1980	6248362
low temperature kinetic studies on rat liver mitochondria containing covalently linked derivatives of cytochrome c.		1980	6248514
production of superoxide anions in paracoccus denitrificans.		1980	6250489
purification and properties of thiamine pyrophosphokinase in paracoccus denitrificans.	the existence of thiamine pyrophosphokinase [ec 2.7.6.2] in procaryotic cells was first demonstrated in paracoccus denitrificans (j. bacteriol, (1976) 126, 1030-1036). the enzyme was therefore purified from this organism to determine its molecular structure and properties. thiamine pyrophosphokinase which was purified 620-fold from p. denitrificans showed a single band on both polyacrylamide and sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the molecular weight in the latt ...	1980	6251035
the orientation of cytochromes in membrane multilayers prepared from aerobically grown escherichia coli k12.	centrifugation of membrane vesicles, prepared from ultrasonically disrupted escherichia coli k12, on to a planar surface followed by slow, partial dehydration results in a high degree of parallel orientation of the membrane planes with respect to each other and the supporting surface. rotation of such membrane multilayers about a single axis parallel with the membrane planes within the magnetic field of an electron paramagnetic resonance (e.p.r.) spectrometer allows the orientation of anisotropi ...	1980	6251159
the use of bee venom melittin to assess the topography of membrane vesicles derived from paracoccus denitrificans.	there exists considerable controversy regarding membrane topography in vesicles derived by osmotic lysis of spheroplasts of gram-negative bacteria. it has been reported by others that bee venom can be used to quantitate the portion of a heterogeneous vesicle population with an inside-out orientation by determining the degree of loss of crypticity of nadh dehydrogenase activity. we have demonstrated that a major component of bee venom, melittin, causes an increase in the activity of several diffe ...	1980	6257350
the intracellular na+ and k+ composition of the moderately halophilic bacterium, paracoccus halodenitrificans.	the intracellular concentrations of na+ and k+ in exponentially growing paracoccus halodenitrificans were independent of the nacl concentration of the growth medium. the observed values were approximately 100 and 300 mm for na+ and k+, respectively. in stationary phase cells, the ultimate values for na+ depended on the nacl concentration of the growth medium. with cells grown in the presence of 1 m nacl, the value was about 500 mm; for cells grown in the presence of 3 m nacl, the value was about ...	1980	6445774
reduction of dl-selenocystine and isolation of l-seleoncysteine.	cystine, selenocytsine, and several analogs were reduced by dithiothreitol (dtt), beta-mercaptoethanol (me) and sodium borohydride (nabh4). dtt was the most effective; dtt to cystine ratios from 10 to 80 were equally effective. with selenocysteine, however, absorption was considerably reduced at all ratios. selenocysteine was identified as the reduction product by reaction with gaitonde's reagent, comparison of absorption spectra, paper chromatograhy, utilization by cysteinyl-trna synthetase fro ...	1980	6447770
semimicro extraction of ubiquinone and menaquinone from bacteria.		1980	6767895
inhibition, but not uncoupling, of respiratory energy coupling of three bacterial species by nitrite.	the effect of nitrite on respiratory energy coupling of three bacteria was studied in light of a recent report that nitrite acted as an uncoupling agent with paracoccus denitrificans grown under denitrifying conditions. our determinations of proton translocation stoichiometry of pseudomonas putida (aerobically grown), pseudomonas aeruginosa, and p. denitrificans (grown both aerobically and under denitrifying conditions) showed nitrite inhibition of proton-to-oxidant stoichiometry, but not uncoup ...	1980	6777373
mode of action of copper complexes of some 2,2'-bipyridyl analogs on paracoccus denitrificans.	copper complexes of 2,2'-bipyridyl and related compounds and cuso4 inhibited the growth of paracoccus denitrificans. the copper(i) complex of 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline [cu(dmp)2no3] showed the highest activity, whereas the copper(ii) complex of 1,10-phenanthroline and cuso4 inhibited the growth to a lesser extent. the uncomplexed ligands (1,10-phenanthroline and 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) showed little activity, but in the presence of noninhibitory amounts of cuso4 this activity in ...	1980	6778379
orientation of hydrogenase in the plasma membrane of paracoccus denitrificans.		1980	6993232
the regulation of hydrogenase formation as a differentiating character of strains of paracoccus denitrificans.	paracoccus denitrificans strains stanier 381 (dsm 65), morris (dsm 413), and vogt 11 (dsm 415) and eleven newly isolated strains were compared with respect to the localization of hydrogenase and its regulation. in all strains hydrogenase was found to be membrane-bound and not able to reduce pyridine nucleotides. the enzyme was inducible in strain 381 and was found only in cells grown with hydrogen as the sole hydrogen donor; in cells grown under mixotrophic or heterotrophic conditions the hydrog ...	1980	7002036
induction of nitrate reductase and membrane cytochromes in wild type and chlorate-resistant paracoccus denitrificans.	an experimental system has been devised for induction of nitrate reductase in suspensions of wild type paracoccus denitrificans incubated with limited aeration in the presence of azide, nitrate or nitrite. azide promoted maximum synthesis of enzyme, accompanied by formation of excess b-type cytochrome; the level of enzyme attained with nitrate was less and c-type cytochrome predominated in the membrane. the nitrate reductase was solubilized with deoxycholate from membranes of azide-induced cells ...	1980	7192081
effects of molybdenum and tungsten on induction of nitrate reductase and formate dehydrogenase in wild type and mutant paracoccus denitrificans.	molybdenum is required for induction of nitrate reductase and of nad-linked formate dehydrogenase activities in suspensions of wild type paracoccus denitrificans; tungsten prevents the development of these enzyme activities. the wild type forms a membrane protein mr150,000 when incubated with tungsten and inducers of nitrate reductase and this is presumed to represent an inactive form of the enzyme. suspensions of mutuant m-1 did not develop nitrate reductase or formate dehydrogenase activities ...	1980	7192082
the location of dissimilatory nitrite reductase and the control of dissimilatory nitrate reductase by oxygen in paracoccus denitrificans.	1. a method is described for preparing spheroplasts from paracoccus denitrificans that are substantially depleted of dissimilatory nitrate reductase (cytochrome cd) activity. treatment of cells with lysozyme + edta together with a mild osmotic shock, followed by centrifugation, yielded a pellet of spheroplasts and a supernatant that contained d-type cytochrome. the spheroplasts were judged to have retained an intact plasma membrane on the basis that less than 1% of the activity of a cytoplasmic ...	1980	7197918
first practical assay for soluble nitrous oxide reductase of denitrifying bacteria and a partial kinetic characterization.	lysis of spheroplasts made from denitrification-adapted paracoccus denitrificans released a soluble nitrous oxide reductase which was assayed spectrophotometrically under anaerobic conditions by following the oxidation of methyl or benzyl viologen cation radical upon reduction of n2o to n2. other classes of reductants so far tested, including dithionite, could not substitute for viologen dyes. viologen dyes, therefore, afford the first practical assay for this previously elusive enzyme of denitr ...	1980	7356639
purification and properties of paracoccus denitrificans azurin.		1980	7362239
13n,15n isotope and kinetic evidence against hyponitrite as an intermediate in dentrification.	13n- and 15n-labeling experiments were carried out with paracoccus denitrificans, grown anaerobically on nitrate, to determine whether hyponitrite might be an obligatory intermediate in denitrification and a precursor of nitrous oxide. from experiments designed to trap [13n]- or [15n,15n]hyponitrite by dilution into authentic hyponitrite it was calculated that the intracellular concentration of a presumptive hyponitrite pool must be less than 0.4 mm. in order for a pool of this size to turn over ...	1980	7372623
growth and physiology of potassium-limited chemostat cultures of paracoccus denitrificans.		1980	7377905
isolation and characterization of an ornithine-containing lipid from paracoccus denitrificans.	the isolation and characterization of an ornithine-containing lipid from various strains of paracoccus denitrificans (grown heteretrophically and autotrophically) is reported. the structure of this aminolipid was found to be h2n--ch2--(ch2)2--ch[nh--co--ch2--ch(o--co--r1)--r2]--co2h, where r1 predominantly represents the residue of octadec-11-enoic acid, r2 the residue of a 3-hydroxyeicos-13-enoic acid. in addition, the major phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphat ...	1980	7379785
[inhibition of the autotrophic growth of hydrogen bacteria by the autoregulation factor].	the purpose of this work was to study the action of the autoregulation factor isolated from the organotrophous culture of pseudomonas carboxydoflava z-1107 on autotrophous growth of this organism and some other cultures of hydrogen bacteria. if a sufficient dose of this metabolite was added to the culture growing lithoautotrophously, the growth of ps. carboxydoflava z-1107 stopped completely after 24 hours. a curve of false diauxia was observed if an increase in the concentration of the autoregu ...	1980	7402116
kinetics of oxidation and reduction of high-potential iron-sulfur proteins with nonphysiological reactants.	we have investigated the kinetic and equilibrium oxidation-reduction properties of hipip's from four sources: chromatium vinosum, thiocapsa pfennigii, rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa, and a paracoccus sp. these studies focused on the interaction of the various hipip's and the iron hexacyanides as a function of ionic strength, ph, and temperature. on the basis of the kinetic and equilibrium data obtained and the known structrual properties of the various hipip's a number of conclusions concerning the ...	1980	7426625
energy coupling to k+ transport in paracoccus denitrificans.	paracoccus denitrificans requires potassium for normal growth and transports this cation by at least two systems, one with low (km approximately 1 to 2 mm) and another with high (km approximately 0.1 microm) affinity. neither of the two systems seems to be dependent on periplasmic components since each retains full activity in cells subjected to an osmotic shock. p. denitrificans accumulates potassium at high velocity (270 nmol of k+/min/mg dry weight of cells) and against a large concentration ...	1981	7451438
midpoint potentials of cytochromes in vesicles of anaerobically-grown paracoccus denitrificans determined by the indirect coulometric titration method.	1. multiplicity of redox components with spectral properties similar to b-type cytochromes was established in vesicles derived fro anaerobically-grown paracoccus denitrificans. 2. multiplicity of c-type cytochromes was not apparent either from low temperature spectroscopy or potentiometric titrations. 3. cytochromes a + a3 and a component, only observable at liquid nitrogen temperature, with a spectral maximum at 582.5 nm were detected. 4. redox cycling of electron transport components using the ...	1981	7470501
a manganese-containing superoxide dismutase from paracoccus denitrificans.	a cyanide-insensitive superoxide dismutase (superoxide: superoxide dismutase ec 1.15.1.1) has been isolated from paracoccus denitrificans, purified to homogeneity and characterized. it is a soluble, manganese-containing protein with an apparent molecular weight of 41 500 +/- 1000. it is composed of two identical subunits (mr 23 500) not bound by disulfide linkage. it's isoelectric point is 4.5. the amino acid composition shows strong similarities with other dimeric procaryotic and with tetrameri ...	1981	7213754
15n tracer studies on the role of no in denitrification.		1981	7240149
occurrence of proteins immunoreactive with anti-coupling factor b in phosphorylating membrane preparations.	coupling factor b has been isolated from beef heart mitochondria, apparently in multiple forms which differ in molecular weight and specific activity. since it has no known intrinsic catalytic activity, detection and quantitation have been based upon the factor b-dependent stimulation of atp-linked activities in factor b-deficient sub-mitochondrial particles. this communication reports the development of a reliable and more universally applicable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for det ...	1981	7284357
estimation with an ion-selective electrode of the membrane potential in cells of paracoccus denitrificans from the uptake of the butyltriphenylphosphonium cation during aerobic and anaerobic respiration.	1. aerobic respiration by cells of paracoccus dentrificans drives the uptake of the lipophilic cation butyltriphenylphosphonium. anaerobiosis or addition of an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation (carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone) results in efflux of the cation. changes in the concentration of butyltriphenylphosphonium in the suspension medium were measured by using an ion-selective electrode, the construction of which is described. 2. if the uptake of butyltriphenylphospho ...	1981	7306073
respiration-driven proton translocation with nitrite and nitrous oxide in paracoccus denitrificans.	(1)h+ leads to/electron acceptor ratios have been determined with the oxidant pulse method for cells of denitrifying paracoccus denitrificans oxidizing endogenous substrates during reduction of o2, no2- or n2o. under optimal h+-translocation conditions, the ratios leads to h+/o, h+ leads to/n2o, h+ leads to/no2- for reduction to n2 and h+ leads to/no2- for reduction to n2o were 6.0-6.3, 4.02, 5.79 and 3.37, respectively. (2) with ascorbate/n,n,n,'n'-tetramethyl-p-phenylene-diamine as exogenous s ...	1981	7317386
removal of paracoccus denitrificans outer membrane material by sodium chloride.	the effects of water washing and nacl treatment on the cell surface of p. denitrificans were studied. both treatments caused a release of material from cells. chemical studies showed that nacl treatment released material containing components characteristic of outer membrane. this treatment also increased the susceptibility of the organism to lysozyme. scanning electron microscopy was used to monitor the effects of water washing and nacl treatment on the cell surface. both treatments were shown ...	1981	7332408
the implication of the topography of dissimilatory nitrite reductase and methanol dehydrogenase in paracoccus denitrificans.		1981	7011869
the gradostat: a bidirectional compound chemostat and its application in microbiological research.	a multistage continuous culture system is described in which solutes are transferred between vessels in opposite directions simultaneously. the system, called a gradostat, produces opposing solute gradients and is a good laboratory model of many natural microbial ecosystems in which solute gradients are important. theoretical predictions concerning solute transfer were confirmed under steady-state and non steady-state conditions, using a coloured dye. paracoccus denitrificans grew anaerobically ...	1981	7045277
phase separation of integral membrane proteins in triton x-114 solution.	a solution of the nonionic detergent triton x-114 is homogeneous at 0 degrees c but separates in an aqueous phase and a detergent phase above 20 degrees c. the extent of this detergent phase separation increases with the temperature and is sensitive to the presence of other surfactants. the partition of proteins during phase separation in solutions of triton x-114 is investigated. hydrophilic proteins are found exclusively in the aqueous phase, and integral membrane proteins with an amphiphilic ...	1981	6257680
a periplasmic location for methanol dehydrogenase from paracoccus denitrificans: implications for proton pumping by cytochrome aa3.		1981	6261750
proton pump coupled to cytochrome c oxidase in paracoccus denitrificans.	the proton translocating properties of cytochrome c oxidase in whole cells of paracoccus denitrificans have been studied with the oxidant pulse method. leads to h+/2e- quotients have been measured with endogenous substrates, added methanol and added ascorbate (+tmpd) as reductants, and oxygen and ferricyanide as oxidants. it was found that both the observed leads to h+/o with ascorbate (+tmpd) as reductant, and the differences in proton ejection between oxygen-and ferricyanide pulses, with endog ...	1981	6263335
the establishment of mitochondria: paracoccus and rhodopseudomonas.	many aerobic bacteria (both facultative and obligate) possess a number of those biochemical features of mitochondria which are concerned with energy metabolism. however, only restricted number, notably paracoccus denitrificans and rhodopseudomonas spheroides, have the majority of these features. the theory of endosymbiosis proposes that a primitive eukaryote took up bacteria to yield mitochondria. the present-day paracoccus then resembles the ancestral bacterium in many respects the primitive am ...	1981	6264827
structural features and the reaction mechanism of cytochrome oxidase: iron and copper x-ray absorption fine structure.	x-ray edge absorption of copper and extended fine structure studies of both copper and iron centers have been made of cytochrome oxidase from beef heart, paracoccus dentrificans, and hb-8 thermophilic bacteria (1-2.5 mm in heme). the desired redox state (fully oxidized, reduced co, mixed valence formate and co) in the x-ray beam was controlled by low temperature (-140 degrees c) and was continuously monitored by simultaneous optical spectroscopy and by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) monit ...	1981	6264990
study of 'difficult peptides' from paracoccus cytochrome c-550 and a dolphin cytochrome c. fast atom bombardment: a new method for molecular weight and sequence determination of peptides.		1981	6268447
reaction of oxygen with cytochrome c oxidase from paracoccus denitrificans.	the reaction of reduced cytochrome c oxidase (ec 1.9.3.1) from paracoccus denitrificans (american type culture collection 13543) with dioxygen has been followed by laser flash photolysis of the co derivative. in detergent-stabilized solutions the reaction showed at least two distinct kinetic components, the faster of which was oxygen concentration dependent and had a rate of approximately 60 x 10(6) m-1 s-1. the slower reaction was independent of oxygen concentration and had a rate of 9 x 10(2) ...	1981	6268625
copper and manganese electron spin resonance studies of cytochrome c oxidase from paracoccus denitrificans.	the two-subunit cytochrome c oxidase from paracoccus denitrificans contains two heme a groups and two copper atoms. however, when the enzyme is isolated from cells grown on a commonly employed medium, its electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectrum reveals not only a cu(ii) powder pattern, but also a hyperfine pattern from tightly bound mn(ii). the pure mn(ii) spectrum is observed at -40 degrees c; the pure cu(ii) spectrum can be seen with cytochrome c oxidase from p. denitrificans cells that ...	1981	6269600
a reassessment of the structure of paracoccus cytochrome c-550.		1981	6270339
resonance raman and surface-enhanced resonance raman studies of cytochrome cd1.		1981	6273217
resonance raman spectra of cytochromes c and b in paracoccus denitrificans membranes: evidence for heme--heme interactions.	resonance raman (rr) scattering from cytochromes b and c in the bacterium paracoccus denitrificans was recorded by exciting with the 568.2-, 530.9-, and 520.8-nm lines of a kr+ laser. the main features of the spectra were similar to those of the analogous cytochrome b-c1 complex derived from pigeon breast mitochondria. differences in the 1300-cm-1 region were interpreted in terms of marker bands for heme type and spectral coupling of the hemes on the membranes. it is difficult to explain the res ...	1981	6275884
the cytochrome c oxidase of paracoccus denitrificans pumps protons in a reconstituted system.	the purified two-subunit cytochrome c oxidase of paracoccus denitrificans was reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles having a high internal buffering capacity and exhibiting a respiratory control index greater than 6.6. with these proteoliposomes, ph changes of the suspending medium were monitored in response to reductant pulses in the presence of valinomycin and potassium. when reduced cytochrome c was added to allow for a limited number of turnovers (2-12), a net acidification of the extrave ...	1982	6276393
changes in the cytochrome c content during the aerobic adaptation of paracoccus denitrificans.	concentration of cytochrome c decreases when shaking anaerobically grown cells in a non-growth medium down to 50% of the original amount in the cell, depending on the degree of aeration. only 10-20% of this amount can be found in the adaptation medium. the main portion of cytochrome c is degraded during the adaptation. inhibitors of proteinases do not influence the degradation. addition of mammalian cytochrome c fully prevents the degradation of bacterial cytochrome c but not its release from ce ...	1982	6277754
solubilized cytochrome c oxidase from paracoccus denitrificans is a monomer.	cytochrome c oxidase purified from the bacterium paracoccus denitrificans was analyzed by analytical ultracentrifugation. in the detergent octyltetra/pentaoxyethylene (c8e45), the isolated enzyme exhibits a molecular weight of 79,000 to 84,000. the detergent-solubilized enzyme is thus a monomer which contains one copy of each of the two subunits.	1982	6279605
isolation of paracoccus denitrificans cytochrome cd1: comparative kinetics with other nitrite reductases.		1982	6284044
purification and characterization of the cytochrome c oxidase from rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.	when grown aerobically in the dark, rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides develops a respiratory chain similar to that in mitochondria and the photosynthetic apparatus is suppressed. the aa3-type cytochrome c oxidase from rps. sphaeroides has been purified in triton x-100 by affinity chromatography with sepharose 4b coupled to yeast cytochrome c. the oxidase contains 14 nmol heme a/mg protein and is composed of three polypeptide subunits with relative molecular masses of 45000, 37000 and 35000. the enzym ...	1982	6286309
microbial envelope proteins related to iron.		1982	6293371
15n,18o tracer studies on the activation of nitrite by denitrifying bacteria. nitrite/water-oxygen exchange and nitrosation reactions as indicators of electrophilic catalysis.		1982	6806292
patterns of nucleotide utilisation in bacterial succinate thiokinases.		1982	6811321
the pathway of nitrogen and reductive enzymes of denitrification.	some recent studies on the pathway of nitrogen and the reductases of denitrification are reviewed. the available evidence suggests that while the intermediates of denitrification can remain enzyme-bound (presumably to nitrite reductase) prior to formation of n2o, no and nitroxyl (hno) can be released in part by certain bacteria. release of no is recognized by a nitrite/no-15n exchange reaction and isotopic scrambling in product n2o; release of nitroxyl by pseudomonas stutzeri is recognized by is ...	1982	6820251
the bioenergetics of denitrification.	in anaerobically grown paracoccus denitrificans the dissimilatory nitrate reductase is linked to the respiratory chain at the level of cytochromes b. electron transport to nitrite and nitrous oxide involves c-type cytochromes. during electron transport from nadh to nitrate one phosphorylation site is passed, whereas two sites are passed during electron transport from nadh to oxygen, nitrite and nitrous oxide. the presentation of a respiratory chain as a linear array of electron carriers gives a ...	1982	6762847
evolution of bacterial denitrification and denitrifier diversity.	little is known about the role of nitrate in evolution of bacterial energy-generating mechanisms. denitrifying bacteria are commonly regarded to have evolved from nitrate-respiring bacteria. some researchers regard denitrification to be the precursor of aerobic respiration; others feel the opposite is true. currently recognized denitrifying bacteria such as hyphomicrobium, paracoccus, pseudomonas and thiobacillus form a very diverse group. however, inadequate testing procedures and uncertain tax ...	1982	6762849
oxygen tolerance of strictly aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria.	growth of various bacteria, especially aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria, in the presence of 2 to 100% (v/v) oxygen in the gas atmosphere was evaluated. the bacterial strains included alcaligenes eutrophus, a. paradoxus, aquaspirillum autotrophicum, arthrobacter spec. strain 11 x, escherichia coli, arthrobacter globiformis, nocardia opaca, n. autotrophica, paracoccus denitrificans, pseudomonas facilis, p. putida, and xanthobacter autotrophicus. under heterotrophic conditions with fructose or g ...	1982	7049081
isolation and characterization of a protein with cyanide-sensitive superoxide dismutase activity from the prokaryote, paracoccus denitrificans.	1. a protein with cyanide-sensitive superoxide dismutase activity was isolated from the prokaryote paracoccus denitrificans. 2. this enzyme, present in low amount in the cell, represented not more than 10% of the total cellular superoxide dismutase activity. it was obtained in a form which was 20-40-times less active than the main superoxide dismutase of p. denitrificans which is a manganese-containing enzyme. 3. it was a soluble monomeric enzyme, highly negatively charged (pi = 4.8), with an ap ...	1982	7066332
electron transport-linked nitrous oxide synthesis and reduction by paracoccus denitrificans monitored with an electrode.		1982	7073731
a novel inhibitor of nadh dehydrogenase in paracoccus denitrificans.		1982	7084467
the 5s ribosomal rnas of paracoccus denitrificans and prochloron.	the nucleotide sequences of the 5s rrnas of paracoccus denitrificans and prochloron sp. are (formula: see text), respectively. specific phylogenetic relationships of p. denitrificans with purple non-sulphur bacteria, and of prochloron with cyanobacteria are demonstrated, and unique features of potential secondary structure are described.	1982	7099971
proton translocation and proline uptake associated with reduction of nitric oxide by denitrifying paracoccus denitrificans.		1982	7138549
tetraphenylborate-sensitive electrode for measuring membrane potential.	the paper describes the construction of a new type of ion-selective electrode sensitive to tetraphenylborate (tpb-) and its electric characteristics. the electrode responds to increasing concentrations of the tpb- anion in accordance with the nernst equation and can be used down to 0.1 microm concentration. the applicability of the electrode for measuring the membrane potential (positive inside) was proved in inside-out oriented membrane vesicles derived from paracoccus denitrificans. the calcul ...	1982	7173748
benzyl viologen cation radical: first example of a perfectly selective anion ionophore of the carrier type.		1982	7181886
proton-coupled energy transduction by biological membranes. principles, pathways and praxis.		1982	7183456
sorption of cadmium by microorganisms in competition with other soil constituents.	the fate of cadmium in soil is influenced to a great extent by microbial activity. microorganisms were compared with abiotic soil components for their ability to sorb cd from a liquid medium. when the same amount (on a dry weight basis) of bacterial cells (serratia marcescens and paracoccus sp.), clay (montmorillonite), or sand was separately incubated in 0.05 m phosphate buffer, ph 7.2, containing 10 ppm of cd (10 mug/ml), bacterial cells removed the largest quantity of cd. dead cells sorbed mu ...	1982	16346002
oxidation of c-type cytochromes by the membrane-bound cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome aa(3)) of blue-green algae.	respiratory particles containing an aa(3)-type cytochrome oxidase were prepared from anacystis nidulans, synechocystis 6714, synechococcus lividus, anabaena variabilis, nostoc sp. strain mac, nostoc muscorum, and mastigocladus laminosus. oxidation of c-type cytochromes by membrane preparations of the different blue-green algae was observed using purified cytochromes from horse heart, candida krusei, tuna, saccharomyces oviformis, rhodospirillum rubrum, rhodospirillum molischianum, rhodopseudomon ...	1982	16662253
aspects of the control and organization of bacterial electron transport.		1982	6890481
alterations in the phospholipid composition of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and other bacteria induced by tris.	alterations in the phospholipid head group composition of most strains of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides, as well as rhodopseudomonas capsulata and paracoccus denitrificans, occurred when cells were grown in medium supplemented with tris. growth of r. sphaeroides m29-5 in tris-supplemented medium resulted in the accumulation of n-acylphosphatidylserine (naps) to as much as 40% of the total whole-cell phospholipid, whereas naps represented approximately 28 an 33% of the total phospholipid when r. c ...	1982	6982264
comparison of denitrification by pseudomonas stutzeri, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and paracoccus denitrificans.	a comparison was made of denitrification by pseudomonas stutzeri, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and paracoccus denitrificans. although all three organisms reduced nitrate to dinitrogen gas, they did so at different rates and accumulated different kinds and amounts of intermediates. their rates of anaerobic growth on nitrate varied about 1.5-fold; concomitant gas production varied more than 8-fold. cell yields from nitrate varied threefold. rates of gas production by resting cells incubated with nitrat ...	1983	6407395
immunochemical relationship of the major outer membrane protein of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides 2.4.1 to proteins of other photosynthetic bacteria.	immunoblots of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels derived from outer membrane preparations of various strains of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides revealed polypeptides which cross-reacted with antibody directed against the major outer membrane protein of r. sphaeroides 2.4.1. immunochemical quantitation of the major outer membrane protein of strain 2.4.1 showed approximately 5.5 x 10(4) molecules per cell whether cells were grown chemoheterotrophically or photoheterotrophically. rhodospirill ...	1983	6188744
effect of various sources of organic carbon and high nitrite and nitrate concentrations on the selection of denitrifying bacteria. ii. continuous cultures in packed bed reactors.	the effect of different organic compounds, nitrites and nitrates at the concentration of 1,000 mg n/l on the quantitative and strain-specific selection of denitrifying bacteria was determined in anaerobic packed bed reactors. both the source of carbon and nitrogen form influenced strain specificity and the frequency of occurrence of denitrifying bacteria. the frequency of denitrifying bacteria within packed bed reactor ranged in different media from 11% (glucose and nitrates) to 100% (methanol a ...	1983	6194668
15n-tracer and nmr studies on the pathway of denitrification. evidence against trioxodinitrate but for nitroxyl as an intermediate.	the effects of four species of denitrifying bacteria on the conversion of [15n]nitrite to trioxodinitrate (hn2o3-) and n2o and of trioxodinitrate to n2o were studied. for all species, the n2o produced in the presence of [15n]nitrite and trioxodinitrate was isotopically randomized throughout the period of incubation and was not composed at the outset predominantly of 14n2o or 14n2o plus 15n2o. the n2o produced was also heavily enriched in 15n at times when the trioxodinitrate pool was only weakly ...	1983	6833215
consensus structure and evolution of 5s rrna.	a consensus structure model of 5s rrna presenting all conserved nucleotides in fixed positions has been deduced from the primary and secondary structure of 71 eubacterial, archaebacterial, eukaryotic cytosolic and organellar molecules. phylogenetically related groups of molecules are characterized by nucleotide deletions in helices iii, iv and v, and by potential base pair interactions in helix iv. the group-specific deletions are correlated with the early branching pattern of a dendrogram calcu ...	1983	6835839
phosphate transport system in paracoccus denitrificans.	pi uptake in cells or spheroplasts of paracoccus denitrificans is biphasic; only the first rapid phase represents net pi transport. the second phase is limited by the rate of pi utilization inside the cell, i.e., mainly by its esterification, and as such it was inhibited by dccd. the pi/dicarboxylate antiporter does not seem to be operative, and its inhibitor n-butylmalonate did not exert specific inhibition. pi transport is inhibited by sh reagents; the most potent inhibitor is pcmb, and mersal ...	1983	6853472
saturation behavior of the manganese-containing superoxide dismutase from paracoccus denitrificans.	a pulse radiolysis study of the mn-superoxide dismutase from paracoccus denitrificans has shown that, at concentration of 0(2)-. below 0.8 x 10(-4)m, the catalyzed dismutation of 0(2)-. is a first order reaction with regard to 0(2)-.. at concentration of 0(2)-. above 0.8 x 10(-4)m, the mn-superoxide dismutase is shown to catalyze superoxide dismutation with a mechanism which exhibits saturation kinetics. this behavior was previously found in the bovine cu/zn-superoxide dismutase and in the fe-su ...	1983	6860328
microbial growth associated with granular activated carbon in a pilot water treatment facility.	the microbial dynamics associated with granular activated carbon (gac) in a pilot water treatment plant were investigated over a period of 16 months. microbial populations were monitored in the influent and effluent waters and on the gac particles by means of total plate counts and atp assays. microbial populations between the influent and effluent waters of the gac columns generally increased, indicating microbial growth. the dominant genera of microorganisms isolated from interstitial waters a ...	1983	6625567
presence of a new cytochrome b - like pigment with a peak at 567 nm in various aerobic bacteria.	several physiological groups of bacteria were examined for the presence of a cytochrome b - like pigment which is demonstrable in dithionite-reduced minus substrate-reduced difference spectra. this pigment is characterized by an unusually high alpha band at 567 nm, a low concentration relative to conventional cytochromes, and an inability to be fully reduced by endogenous substrates or nadh. previous studies with one denitrifying and nondenitrifying species of the genus pseudomonas, in paracoccu ...	1983	6652580
the effect of uncoupler on the distribution of the electron flow between the terminal acceptors oxygen and nitrite in the cells of paracoccus denitrificans.	the preferential utilization of oxygen, the terminal acceptor, in anaerobically grown cells of paracoccus denitrificans was abolished in the presence of uncoupler (3 microm carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone) which brought about a switch to the reduction of nitrite. it has been proved by measuring the redox state of cytochromes that this effect is due to the inhibition of the electron flow to oxygen caused by nitrite, which attains the site of its inhibitory action when the membrane potent ...	1983	6661222
the function of cytoplasmic membrane of paracoccus denitrificans in controlling the rate of reduction of terminal acceptors.	the rate of reduction of terminal acceptors (nitrate, nitrite, and oxygen) in anaerobically grown cells of paracoccus denitrificans increased on permeabilization of cytoplasmic membrane. it was proved that under aerobic conditions the increase of the rate of nitrate reduction was caused by: (i) the abolishment of the permeability barrier for nitrate, (ii) the enhancement of the influx of redox equivalents to the respiratory chain due to the stimulation of succinate dehydrogenase reaction, and (i ...	1983	6684550