Publications

boston md leads drive to help jewish physicians leave russia.		1979	10240768
psychological impact of medical equipment on patients.	this study involves the analysis of interviews with patients who are using complex medical machines. in particular, personal interviews were conducted with twenty-six patients who have undergone cardiac catheterization, ten patients utilizing a cardiac monitor, and ten people currently receiving renal dialysis treatments. the variables selected for this study fit into five general categories: 1) environment; 2) patient's personal anxiety; 3) staff interaction; 4) approach to machine; and 5) mach ...	1980	10248692
community health centers after fifteen years.		1980	10249733
the new professional--the human services worker--a survey of training needs.		1980	10250866
evidence of rickettsia prowazekii infections in the united states.	from january 1976 through january 1979 serum specimens from 1,575 individuals were received at the center for disease control and tested for antibodies to rickettsiae. of these, sera from eight persons gave serological results indicative of recent infections with epidemic typhus rickettsiae (rickettsia prowazekii). five of the persons were from georgia, and one each was from tennessee, pennsylvania and massachusetts. the illnesses occurred during the winter, chiefly in persons living in a rural ...	1980	6154428
potential use of shared antigens for immunization against gram-negative bacillary infections.	the demonstration of common antigens shared by all enterobacteriaceae has led to evaluation of the effects of immunization of animals and man with these antigens in protecting against bacterial infections and challenge with lps. both active and passive immunization with the re mutant of s. minnesota and the j5 mutant of e. coli afforded significant protection to mice and rabbits against lethal challenge with viable bacteria and heterologous lps. kdo appears to be the antigenic determinant respon ...	1980	6163155
special educational ideology and political-economic conservatism.	in the united states, the educational and human service systems, in addition to the attitudes and behaviors of the professionals associated with these systems, are being shaped to a lesser or greater extent by the scandinavian ideology termed normalization. this paper examines such a belief system through a special education ideology scale developed by the author and administered to school committee members and superintendents in 16 communities in the commonwealth of massachusetts. the scale dis ...	1980	6450176
spotted fever group rickettsiae in dermacentor variabilis from cape cod, massachusetts.	spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae were identified by indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests in 1.1% of 6,956 specimens of dermacentor variabilis collected on cape cod, massachusetts. forty-one of 45 rickettsial isolates were serotyped as rickettsia montana, one as rickettsia rickettsii, and three were unidentified. studies of canines and humans with clinical evidence of spotted fever, and of healthy dogs with antibody to sfg rickettsiae, indicated that exposure of the canine population to ...	1980	6773430
adolescents' knowledge of consent laws in a massachusetts community.		1980	6899032
on epidemics, metaphors and madness.		1980	6991954
shields warren: the legend and the man.		1980	7018223
human babesiosis in north america.		1980	7189910
babesiosis in post-splenectomy hosts.	two persons who had been splenectomized later contracted babesiosis, one on cape cod and one near islip, long island, areas where human cases of babesiosis had not been previously identified. one of the patients received pentamidine, but parasitemia persisted after therapy. no deaths have been recorded for persons who had had splenectomies and were later infected with babesia microti. until more effective therapy is available, such patients should be treated conservatively.	1980	7192058
a cluster of infants born with trisomy 18.		1980	7350419
consultation to a puerto rican drug abuse program.	the increasing number of hispanics residing within the united states requires the development of human service programs which are culturally and linguistically relevant to this population. the area of drug abuse is no exception to this need. however, the limited amount of resources targeted to serve drug-addicted hispanics has required the development of innovative strategies to maximize existing resources. the development of collaborative programs for reaching hispanic addicts and their familie ...	1980	7435484
human babesiosis on nantucket island: prevalence of babesia microti in ticks.	in order to derive direct evidence implicating ixodes dammini as a vector of human babesiosis, we determined the prevalence of babesia microti infection in nymphal i. dammini collected on nantucket island. in experiments in the laboratory we found that nymphs remained attached to hamsters for about 3 days. babesial infection was transmitted more often during 54 hours of attachment then during 36 or 48 hours. since parasites were demonstrable in salivary glands solely after 48 hours, we derived a ...	1980	7435782
medical decisions for incompetent adults: the spring case i.		1980	7449376
recovery of parasitic nematodes from fish by digestion or elution.	two methods, digestion and elution, were used to recover parasitic nematodes from 470 flatfish belonging to species in the family pleuronectidae. samples of similar fish were collected from market lots; half of each sample was subjected to digestion, and half was subjected to elution (sedimentation). the edible (flesh) and the inedible (viscera) portions of each fish were analyzed separately. the total number of nematodes recovered by digestion was 1,110, which was not significantly greater than ...	1981	7235710
perinatal echovirus infection: risk of transmission during a community outbreak.	during a community outbreak of enterovirus infection, seven of 194 pregnant women (3.6 per cent) were found to be excreting a prime strain of echovirus 11 at term. each of the seven women possessed serum neutralizing echovirus 11 antibody in titers ranging from 1:20 to 1:320, and the cord serum of their seven infants had antibody in titers of 1:10 to 1:640. none of these seven infants became ill, but four were shedding virus from the respiratory or gastrointestinal tract by three days of age. in ...	1981	7254269
issues encountered in an attempt to implement a second-generation management information system.	human service organization are beset by internal and external requests for information. as the scale and complexity of such delivery systems has increased, the use of computer-based information systems has become a necessity. the evolution of a client information system in a large, decentralized mental health center is reviewed in this paper to illustrate several critical issues that can be encountered in the application of computer-based technology to human services. an analysis of the center's ...	1981	7255661
epidemiology of human babesiosis on nantucket island.	between 1969 and 1977, 14 persons with parasitologically confirmed babesia microti infections and seven persons with antibody titers to b. microti greater than or equal to 1:1,024 were identified on nantucket island, massachusetts. nineteen of these 21 persons were interviewed. about half were permanent residents of nantucket; the others spent most of their summers on the island. there were 12 women and seven men. patients ranged in age from 23 to 86 years; all of those with parasitologically co ...	1981	7283012
nitrite stability and nitrosation potential in human gastric juice.	human gastric juice samples were investigated from high- and low-risk areas (colombia and boston) for factors which influence the stability of nitrite and its potential for nitrosamine formation. the samples from individuals with chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were not reactive to nitrite and supported a rate of nitrosation largely compatible with the nitrite and thiocyanate concentration. the samples from other individuals contained factors which destroyed nitrite and inhi ...	1981	7317877
reservoir hosts of human babesiosis on nantucket island.	the host range of babesia microti was studied on nantucket island in order to identify the enzootic reservoir of this human pathogen. white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were more frequently parasitized than were other indigenous animals. infection was ubiquitous in locations where deer were abundant. mice were most frequently parasitemic during spring and summer and adults more frequently than juveniles. parasitemia, which was rarely intense, was sustained for as long as 4 months. mice live ...	1981	7020449
franz j. ingelfinger: the man.		1981	7009314
nursing's fifth column.		1981	6910952
learning from anesthesia mishaps: analysis of critical incidents in anesthesia helps reduce patient risk.	human error and mechanical failure in anesthesia frequently cause incidents which, if not detected and corrected in time, could lead to increased patient morbidity or mortality. a study was conducted to analyze the human and technical factors that contribute to such incidents. the data thus obtained proved useful in reducing preventable anesthesia mishaps in specific institutions and generated recommendations for improving anesthesia practice in general.	1981	6787496
a population study of herpesvirus infections and hla antigens.	in a population-based study of herpesvirus infection and human leukocyte antigen (hla) phenotype, conducted during the period 1977-1979 in the framingham study cohort, hla-bw16 was found less often and hla-cw2 more often in individuals with histories of herpes labialis than in other individuals. similarly, both geometric mean antibody titer to herpes simplex type 1 and proportion of individuals with detectable antibody were higher in those without bw16 and in those with cw2. no strong associatio ...	1982	6280494
choline content of mothers' milk in ecuador and boston.		1982	7054668
abortion legislation. implications for medicine.	the legal ramifications of proposed legislation to prohibit abortion and to confer personhood on fetuses are examined in terms of their effect on the rights and liability of physicians and pregnant women in decisions involving maternal versus fetal health and life. other possible consequences include the prohibition of certain contraceptive methods, effect on property and inheritance rights of fetuses, and restriction of important fetal research. the negative impact of a massachusetts law limi ...	1982	7097944
harvard accused of impropriety.		1982	7133127
nutrition classics. transactions of the association of american physicians, volume 75, 1962, pages 307-320. experimental nutritional folate deficiency in man. by victor herbert.		1982	6752773
a theoretical model of the physiological dynamics of circulatory disease in human populations.		1983	6873927
ann hargreaves returns from fact-finding in el salvador.		1983	6551626
social justice programs target discrimination, employment.		1983	10258663
nuclear weapons: us research put to vote.	a statute banning nuclear weapons research in cambridge, massachusetts, is scheduled for a referendum vote in november 1983. if passed, the act would require the city to fine or imprison violators after the ban takes effect in october 1985, and could have an impact on work done at harvard university and the massachusetts institute of technology, as well as at the charles stark draper laboratory. lawyers for draper and the local anti-nuclear group that drafted the statute, mobilization for surv ...	1983	11653480
the law of patient care in massachusetts.		1983	11658444
commonwealth v. cass.	the massachusetts supreme judicial court decided the question of whether a viable fetus is a "person" for purposes of the vehicular homicide statute in massachusetts. although the common law rule in every american jurisdiction that has considered the question, including massachusetts, has been that the destruction of the fetus in utero is not homicide, the supreme judicial court ruled to the contrary. confident in the ability of medical science to provide competent proof as to whether the cond ...	1984	12041184
recognizing the human potential.		1984	10265322
hospital payment coalition formed.		1984	10299721
epidemiology of coronary heart disease: the framingham study.	coronary heart disease continues to be the number one cause of death in most northern european, north american and other industrialized caucasian societies. by the age of 60, every fifth man and one in 17 women have some form of this disease. one in 15 men and women will eventually have a stroke. other cardiovascular diseases related to atherosclerosis are also important. epidemiologic (prospective) studies enable one to predict most of the potential victims of cardiovascular disease, years befo ...	1984	6702862
a simultaneous outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3 in a newborn nursery.	over a 3-week period, 20 of 34 (59%) infants in a newborn nursery developed nosocomial viral respiratory tract disease. either respiratory syncytial virus (seven infants) or parainfluenza virus type 3 (five) or both (two) were demonstrated in respiratory secretions from 14 of the 20 symptomatic patients. symptoms in the 20 infants included rhinitis (15 infants), cough (14), apnea (eight), pulmonary infiltrates (seven), and fever (six). there were no differences in symptoms between children infec ...	1984	6325655
legislation raising the legal drinking age in massachusetts from 18 to 20: effect on 16 and 17 year-olds.	the 1979 massachusetts law raising the legal drinking age from 18 to 20 is examined--the effects on the drinking, drinking and driving, and nonfatal and fatal crash involvement of 16-17 yr-olds, teenagers immediately younger than those targeted by the law. data from massachusetts are compared with those from new york state, where the drinking age remained at 18. a total of 3 yr of survey data from the two states and 6 yr of data from the department of transportation's fatal accident reporting sy ...	1984	6521479
mhc determinants of response to rh immunization.	the demonstration of immune response genes in man has been difficult, although there is evidence for genes linked to the mhc in mouse and guinea pig that control both the specificity and magnitude of immune responses. a number of features of the antibody response to the rh d antigen, such as the failure of some individuals at risk to respond, the restricted immunoglobulin class, subclass, and light chain type of the antibody produced, and the presumed minor structural difference between rh d ant ...	1984	6197442
the people vote on abortion funding: colorado and washington.	on election day 1984, colorado voters narrowly approved an amendment to the state constitution cutting off all public funds for abortion. that same election day saw an effort to end abortion funding in the state of washington fail decisively. in both states, the effort to terminate funding was led by antiabortion activists who sought to characterize the issue as an economic one. failure of the colorado taxpayers for choice to emphasize the economic impact of the amendment appears to have been ...	1985	3842805
pasteurized milk as a vehicle of infection in an outbreak of listeriosis.	between june 30th and august 30th, 1983, 49 patients in massachusetts acquired listeriosis. seven cases occurred in fetuses or infants and 42 in immunosuppressed adults; 14 patients (29 per cent) died. of 40 listeria monocytogenes isolates available for testing, 32 were serotype 4b. two case-control studies, one matching for neighborhood of residence and the other for underlying disease, revealed that the illness was strongly associated with drinking a specific brand of pasteurized whole or 2 pe ...	1985	3918263
the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia among volunteers in the normative aging study.	this study describes the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia among 2,036 volunteers in the veterans administration normative aging study, a longitudinal study of human aging situated in boston. men were followed from enrollment in the study (between 1961 and 1970) until their last examination prior to may 15, 1982. two indications of benign prostatic hyperplasia were considered: 1) a clinical diagnosis made at a uniform physical examination, and 2) surgical treatment. incidence rates for ...	1985	3964994
fetal research: the question in the states.	baron, a law professor, traces the history of state and federal regulation of fetal research from 1973 to 1983. he explores the dilemmas raised by research on fetuses, particularly aborted fetuses, and the aspects of fetal research that the federal regulations and state laws were enacted to control. while criticizing many of the states' actions for lack of uniformity and blanket prohibitions based on the status of the fetus or abortus, baron acknowledges that less-than-perfect legislation is t ...	1985	4008234
cardiac surgery for adults with mental retardation. dilemmas in management.	in summary, cardiac surgery for adults with mental retardation raises a series of controversial legal, economic, ethical, medical, and nursing dilemmas. during the past 20 years, many improvements have taken place in the care of these patients. however, in the future, judicial and statutory mandates requiring high-quality medical care for persons with mental retardation may conflict increasingly with hospital cost-control legislation and thereby affect clinical decisions. for example, it is conc ...	1985	4050829
humanities in medical education: rationale and resources for the dissection laboratory.	dissection of a human body during an anatomy course raises for first-year medical students questions about invasion of privacy, cadaver sources, dying and death. emotions evoked are often heightened by the fear and uneasiness each student experiences when dissecting the body of a human being. providing curricular resources for identification and discussion of reactions to death and dissection early in the first year can demonstrate to students the humanity of having such reactions, and that thes ...	1985	4058336
measles infection and parkinson's disease.	a case-control analysis of parkinson's disease and infections in childhood was conducted in a cohort of 50,002 men who attended harvard college (cambridge, ma) or the university of pennsylvania (philadelphia, pa) between 1916 and 1950 and who were followed in adulthood for morbidity and mortality data. cases of parkinson's disease were identified from responses to mailed questionnaires and death certificates through 1978. four controls from the same population were selected for each case. a redu ...	1985	4061437
risk of nosocomial infection with human t-cell lymphotropic virus iii (htlv-iii).	infection with human t-cell lymphotropic virus iii (htlv-iii) is closely linked to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). we evaluated the risk of nosocomial infection with htlv-iii by testing for antibodies to htlv-iii among hospital employees, including victims of needle-stick exposure, endoscopists, pathologists, and laboratory workers. assays for antibody against the virus were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electrophoretic (western blot) techniques. although all ...	1985	2981106
seroepidemiology of human t-lymphotropic virus type iii among homosexual men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or generalized lymphadenopathy and among asymptomatic controls in boston.	we studied a cohort of 45 homosexual men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 78 with persistent unexplained generalized lymphadenopathy, and 160 asymptomatic homosexual controls for serologic evidence of infection with human t-lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii). study participants were recruited from a community-based health center and a university hospital practice. ninety-eight percent of men with the syndrome and greater than 90% of men with generalized lymphadenopathy had antibo ...	1985	2982305
absence of antibodies to htlv-iii in health workers after hepatitis b vaccination.	a proportion of the plasma for the triply inactivated, plasma-derived hepatitis b vaccine produced in the united states is obtained from homosexual men. because homosexual men are a high-risk group for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), concern has emerged that the vaccine could harbor the aids agent. to evaluate this risk, we tested 15-month postvaccination serum samples for antibodies to human t-cell lymphotropic virus type iii in 100 health care workers who had received inactivate ...	1985	2991619
design of a new medical record department: a case study.		1985	10274703
the spatial variation in unemployment and labour force participation rates of male and female workers.	this paper uses 1980 us census tract data from boston, denver, pittsburgh, seattle, and st. louis to examine spatial variation between male and female unemployment and labor force participation. research shows that families and individuals with characteristics making them more prone to unemployment tend to live in central cities. suburban workers living far from the city's center may also have higher unemployment rates due to higher job search and commuting costs. female workers differ from m ...	1985	12340358
a sound way to curtail abortion.		1985	11647360
court says feeding may stop for man in a vegetative state.		1986	11646483
judicial recognition of feticide: usurping the power of the legislature?		1986	11649213
understanding abortion via different scholarly methodologies: book review essay.	erde review three works that in his opinion have made important contributions to the abortion debate: abortion policy: an evaluation of the consequences for maternal and infant health, by jerome s. legge, jr. (albany: state university of new york press; 1985); abortion and the politics of motherhood, by kristen luker (berkeley: university of california press; 1984); and abortion: moral and legal perspective, edited by j.l. garfield and p. hennessey (amherst: university of massachusetts press; ...	1986	11655806
the dissenting opinions: biting the hands that won't feed.	the three dissenting opinions in brophy focus on concerns about the majority's decision to allow the withdrawal of food and water from a comatose patient. according to justice joseph nolan, who disagrees that food and liquids should be considered medical treatment, the decision "affronts logic, ethics, and the dignity of the human person." justice neil lynch, basing his argument on the state's interest in preserving life, says that the decision flouts the common law prohibition of suicide. justi ...	1986	10311790
association of human t lymphotropic virus type iii antibodies with sexual and other behaviors in a cohort of homosexual men from boston with and without generalized lymphadenopathy.	forty asymptomatic homosexually active men seen at a boston community health center and 39 men with generalized lymphadenopathy were interviewed and filled out detailed epidemiologic questionnaires. twenty percent of the asymptomatic men and 92 percent of those with lymphadenopathy had antibodies to human t lymphotropic virus type iii (htlv-iii). none of the men have subsequently had the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). seropositivity was associated with receptive anal intercourse and ...	1986	3006486
mycoplasma, chlamydia, epstein-barr, herpes i and ii, and aids infections among 100 consecutive infertile female patients and husbands: diagnosis, treatment, and results.	one hundred consecutive infertile patients were studied to determine the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (stds) among middle and upper income patients, most of whom were referred as longstanding failures by other physicians. there were no cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, or aids found among these patients. one patient was pregnant when first seen, and was eliminated. genital mycoplasmas were cultured from 64 wives. antibodies for past or recent infection with chlamydia were present in on ...	1986	2898437
a 12-year audit of irb decisions.	institutional review boards (irbs) are inter-disciplinary committees mandated by the federal government to review all research protocols that involve human subjects developed in institutions receiving federal funds. the purpose of the irb is to protect those subjects from unnecessary risk or from risks that outweigh potential benefits. at boston city hospital, a study was conducted of the decision-making process of the hospital's irb over a 12-year period (from 1973-1984) to determine empiricall ...	1986	3085041
comparative prevalence of babesia microti and borrelia burgdorferi in four populations of ixodes dammini in eastern massachusetts.	we determined the prevalence of babesia microti and borrelia burgdorferi in four populations of ixodes dammini in eastern massachusetts. the feulgen's reaction was more sensitive than the giemsa method for detecting salivarian babesia. a combination of darkfield and direct-fluorescent-antibody examination proved more sensitive than either method alone for detecting spirochetal infection. the prevalence of spirochetes was greater than the prevalence of babesia in each of the tick populations stud ...	1986	2430433
a population at risk. prevalence of high cholesterol levels in hypertensive patients in the framingham study.	in the framingham study, coronary heart disease developed in every fifth man and every 17th woman by the age of sixty. the level of total cholesterol proved to be an excellent predictor of coronary heart disease in those aged less than 50 years. however, in those aged over 50 years, more accurate predictors of coronary heart disease risk were serum lipoprotein measurements, including low-density lipoproteins, very-low-density lipoproteins, very-low-density lipoprotein triglycerides, and high-den ...	1986	3946458
salivary antibody responses to oral and parenteral vaccines in children.	salivary iga antibody to poliovirus and tetanus toxoid was measured in whole salivas of 151 children between 2 and 48 months of age from north america and from scandinavia. children from urban and suburban populations in the greater boston, ma, area receive both oral poliovaccine and a parenteral injection with tetanus toxoid (tt), initially at approximately 2 months of age. children from göteborg, sweden, initially receive parenteral injections of tt at 2 months of age and parenteral injections ...	1986	3958136
density-dependent migration and human population structure in historical massachusetts.	studies of population structure often focus on the effects of population size and migration rates on genetic variation. few studies, however, have investigated the relationship between these two factors. the purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which migration (and gene flow) is density-dependent (that is, affected by population size) for populations in historical massachusetts. data from 4,859 marriage records were analyzed from four populations in north-central massachusetts dur ...	1986	3518482
putnam, merritt, and the discovery of dilantin.	in the first part of this essay, the "common wisdom" about putnam and merritt's contributions to the treatment of epilepsy was summarized (rowland, 1982). based on the history that has been presented here, how true are these "wisdoms"? putnam and merritt did devise "a simple and reliable method to test drugs of anticonvulsant effect" and they did show "that anticonvulsant effects in cats accurately predicted effects in humans," but others before them had done these same things. dilantin, contrar ...	1986	3527690
[the man behind the syndrome: joe vincent meigs. history-making in the gynecology of the 20th century].		1986	3543566
adolescent pregnancy: networking and the interdisciplinary approach.	the networking approach to providing needed services to pregnant and parenting teenagers has numerous merits. an historical overview of the formation of the brooklyn teen pregnancy network highlights service agency need for information and resource sharing, and improved client referral systems as key factors in the genesis of the network. the borough-wide approach and its spread as an agency model throughout new york city's other boroughs and several other northeastern cities is also attributed ...	1986	3745501
a gravity model of human population structure.		1986	3804300
asymptomatic hyperuricemia. risks and consequences in the normative aging study.	to quantify the consequences of asymptomatic hyperuricemia, this study examined rates for a first episode of gouty arthritis based on 30,147 human-years of prospective observation. a cohort of 2,046 initially healthy men in the normative aging study was followed for 14.9 years with serial examinations and measurement of urate levels. with prior serum urate levels of 9 mg/dl or more, the annual incidence rate of gouty arthritis was 4.9 percent, compared with 0.5 percent for urate levels of 7.0 to ...	1987	3826098
'mental' in 'southie': individual, family, and community responses to psychosis in south boston.	the deinstitutionalization of psychiatric patients is a deeply cultural as well as political task. it entails the sharing of responsibility for human distress with family and community. consequently, the locus of social control has also shifted from psychiatric and medical expertise to community and legal institutions. diagnosis and treatment models must be more compatible with lay explanatory models. this paper explores the various meanings of "going 'mental"' and "being 'mental"' in the white, ...	1987	3829694
envenomation by the sac spider chiracanthium mildei.	a 19-year-old man was abruptly awakened during the night by the painful bite of a female sac spider, later identified as chiracanthium mildei. an erythematous urticarial plaque formed immediately. later, punctate macules appeared, and the bite site became indurated. the clinical response was similar to those reported following bites by chiracanthium spiders in japan, australia, europe, massachusetts, georgia, indiana, california, and hawaii. the necrotic lesions associated with some of those bit ...	1987	3621996
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: suggested protocol for counseling and screening in pregnancy.	the centers for disease control (cdc) has recorded 35,900 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states, including 2447 infected females, as of may 25, 1987. these cases include 503 children under the age of 13, of whom 80% were thought to have been affected through perinatal transmission. the prevalence of aids-related complex and human immunodeficiency virus in the united states is far greater than these numbers. the cdc has recommended screening those pregnant women ...	1987	3627591
seasonal variation of transmission risk of lyme disease and human babesiosis.	the seasonal host-seeking pattern of nymphal ixodes dammini infected with babesia microti or borrelia burgdorferi was determined on nantucket island, massachusetts, during 1985. the peak period of host-seeking by infected nymphal i. dammini occurred in may and june. on a per person-hour basis, the number of infected ticks collected reached a maximum in may (babesia = 17.3; borrelia = 16.2). the number of infected ticks remained high in june, but decreased notably in july, august, and september. ...	1987	3687924
absence of spirochaetes (borrelia burgdorferi) and piroplasms (babesia microti) in deer ticks (ixodes dammini) parasitized by chalcid wasps (hunterellus hookeri).	an entomophagous wasp (hunterellus hookeri howard) parasitizes about a third of the host-seeking nymphal ixodes dammini spielman et al. ticks on naushon island in massachusetts (u.s.a.) where the agents of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi johnson et al.) and human babesiosis (babesia microti franca) are enzootic. following blood-feeding, wasp-parasitized ticks are destroyed by the developing wasp. the prevalence of either human pathogen in host-seeking ticks collected in wasp-infested sites is ...	1987	2979518
phenotypic and functional deficiency of natural killer cells in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.	natural killer (nk)3 cells are large granular lymphocytes that appear to play a significant role in the host's defense against viral infection. we performed an extensive phenotypic and functional characterization of nk cells on 41 patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome (cfs), or "chronic active epstein-barr virus infection" syndrome, and on 23 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic control subjects in an attempt to further characterize this illness. these studies demonstrated that a majority of p ...	1987	2824604
frequency of 'chronic active epstein-barr virus infection' in a general medical practice.	twenty-one percent of 500 unselected patients, aged 17 to 50 years, seeking primary care for any reason were found to be suffering from a chronic fatigue syndrome consistent with "chronic active epstein-barr virus (ebv) infection," they had been experiencing "severe" fatigue, usually cyclic, for a median of 16 months (range, six to 458 months), associated with sore throat, myalgias, or headaches; 45% of the patients were periodically bedridden; and 25% to 73% reported recurrent cervical adenopat ...	1987	3033338
the neurological information network.	the neurological information network (nin) of the national institute of neurological and communicative disorders and stroke (nincds) was a loosely structured assemblage of a variety of information-transfer activities that existed for approximately 20 years, starting in the early 1960s. these activities included the neurosciences research program at the massachusetts institute of technology, the parkinson's disease information center at columbia university, the brain information service at ucla, ...	1987	10280918
mother v. her unborn child: where should texas draw the line?		1987	11649225
state constitutions: the new battlefield for abortion rights.		1987	11649953
commonwealth of massachusetts v. bowen.	the u.s. department of health and human services (dhhs) promulgated regulations on 2 feb 1988 prohibiting the use of any federal funds by health clinics that engage in abortion counseling and referral or in abortion lobbying and advocacy, even if the clinics make use of nonfederal funds for these activities. the u.s. district court, d. massachusetts, found that the regulations violated both constitutional rights, under the first amendment in particular, and congressional intent. the court issu ...	1988	11648376
planned parenthood federation of america v. bowen, 25 february 1988.	the plaintiffs were family planning (fp) services and physicians who sought a preliminary injunction against enforcement of regulations promulgated by the secretary of health and human services of the us. the regulations prohibited counseling and referral for abortion services by fp services that receive funds under title x of the public health services act. the court held that the regulations exceeded the secretary's authority, since nothing in title x or legislative history relating to its e ...	1988	12289568
akron center for reproductive health v. slaby, 12 august 1988.	in a challenge to the constitutionality of parental notification provisions of ohio's abortion statute, the appeals court held certain provisions of the statute unconstitutional. this ruling was reversed by the us supreme court in 1990. in minnesota in 1988, the appeals court held constitutional parental notification provisions requiring that a minor give both parents 48 hours' notice before undergoing an abortion unless a judicial waiver is obtained. this ruling was upheld by the us supreme ...	1988	12289574
recent medical malpractice reform measures in eight key states.	over the course of the past quarter century, technological developments in medical science have made it possible for physicians to save the lives and preserve the health of countless patients. unfortunately, it must be remembered that medicine is still as much an art as it is a science. as such, due to this human element, there is always the risk of occasional errors or failures in treatment. when these problems occur in bunches, the stage is set for a medical malpractice crisis. in an attempt t ...	1988	10287858
hhs antics trying courts' patience.		1988	10302777
developing a successful recruitment/retention plan for hospital pharmacy personnel.	due to various external factors, recruitment through traditional methods, such as newspaper ads, failed to produce the pool of applicants for hospital pharmacy staff positions it had in the past. as a result of this and other factors specific to university hospital, the number of staff pharmacists decreased from 11 to four full-time equivalents (ftes). the number of technicians dropped to the point where per diem nurses had to be hired to help make iv admixtures. through some short-term measures ...	1988	10302944
focus on: new england medical center medical engineering department.	the new england medical center can be traced back to 1796 when the boston dispensary opened the first hmo. now, the center complex covers four city blocks, offers 47 medical residency programs, has over $20 million in funded research, and includes a medical school, dental school, and the human nutrition research center. the medical engineering department began in 1971 as a joint venture between the center and tufts university. operated on a "fee-for-service" basis, the department consists of nin ...	1988	10290856
from wet nurse directory to milk bank: the delivery of human milk in boston, 1909-1927.		1988	3064835
influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin d3: exposure to winter sunlight in boston and edmonton will not promote vitamin d3 synthesis in human skin.	sunlight has long been recognized as a major provider of vitamin d for humans; radiation in the uvb (290-315 nm) portion of the solar spectrum photolyzes 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin to previtamin d3, which, in turn, is converted by a thermal process to vitamin d3. latitude and season affect both the quantity and quality of solar radiation reaching the earth's surface, especially in the uvb region of the spectrum, but little is known about how these influence the ability of sunlight to synth ...	1988	2839537
effects of hiv antibody test knowledge on subsequent sexual behaviors in a cohort of homosexually active men.	this study assesses the effects of hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) antibody testing on subsequent (one year) sexual behavior among 270 homosexual men at a boston community health center, 21 per cent of whom were unaware of their test result. except for the number of steady partners, the levels of all sexual activities of all groups of study participants declined over time. no effects of test awareness of antibody status were found on protective behavior for receptive anogenital contact. elimi ...	1988	3162357
the distribution of human c4 dna variants in relation to major histocompatibility complex alleles and extended haplotypes.	a c4 dna polymorphism that can subdivide c4 allotypes and major histocompatibility complex-linked complement gene cluster allele combinations (complotypes) that are not distinguishable by standard electrophoretic means was used to assess further the distribution and linkage association of c4 variants. segregation of the dna polymorphism in family studies allowed assignment of particular variants to particular major histocompatibility complex haplotypes. these studies revealed that some complotyp ...	1988	3163333
high frequency of antimicrobial resistance in human fecal flora.	the frequency of resistance to seven different antimicrobial agents was examined in the aerobic gram-negative gut flora of over 600 individuals from hospitals, from laboratories where antibiotics were used, and from urban and rural communities. in a majority (62.5%) of fecal samples from people without a recent history of taking antibiotics, 10% or more of the total organisms were resistant to at least one of the antibiotics. in about 40% of the samples, resistance to more than one drug was pres ...	1988	3266729
seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among childbearing women. estimation by testing samples of blood from newborns.	attempts to predict the course of the epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) have been hampered by the lack of an objective, practical way to estimate the prevalence of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in the general population. testing for the prevalence of hiv infection in women should be a sensitive means to track the epidemic and to study the potential for perinatal transmission. antibodies in maternal blood are contained in neonatal blood specimens routin ...	1988	3277055
'scientists' summer camp' turns to sea for answers to human biologic questions.		1988	3294453
human immunodeficiency virus infection in hemodialysis patients. baltimore-boston collaborative study group.	patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis receive multiple blood transfusions and, thus, are susceptible to infections transmitted through blood and blood products, including infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). to determine the prevalence of antibody to hiv among patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis in baltimore and boston in 1985, we conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence study. repeatedly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa)-positive serum samples were tested by west ...	1988	3341863
behavioral risk factors for hiv infection among homosexual men at a boston community health center.	social and behavioral factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection were analyzed using cross-sectional data from homosexual and bisexual male clients of a boston community health center. partners from california, and a previous period of greater sexual activity (a "high period"), were independently associated with positive hiv antibody status, as were the frequency of receptive anogenital contact, both during the "high period" and during the last six months.	1988	3422139
enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis: importation from mexico to massachusetts.		1989	2496311
genetic characterization of clones of the bacterium listeria monocytogenes causing epidemic disease.	one hundred and seventy-five isolates of the pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes recovered from human clinical (blood and cerebrospinal fluid), animal, and environmental sources in europe, north america, and elsewhere were analyzed electrophoretically for allelic variation at 16 genetic loci encoding metabolic enzymes. forty-five distinctive allele profiles (electrophoretic types, ets) were distinguished, among which mean genetic diversity per locus (h) was 0.424. cluster analysis of a m ...	1989	2498876