Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| fusion glycoprotein of human parainfluenza virus type 3: nucleotide sequence of the gene, direct identification of the cleavage-activation site, and comparison with other paramyxoviruses. | the complete sequences of the fusion (f) mrna and protein of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (pf3) were determined from overlapping cdna clones. to confirm the cdna sequence, the complete sequence of the f gene was determined independently by dideoxynucleotide sequencing of genomic rna using synthetic oligonucleotide primers. the mrna contains 1845 nucleotides, exclusive of poly (a), has an unusually long (193-nucleotide) 5' nontranslated region, and encodes an f0 protein of 539 amino acids. th ... | 1986 | 3012869 |
| induction of immunity against pneumonic pasteurellosis following experimental infection in calves. | immunity against pneumonic pasteurellosis was studied in calves after recovery from experimental respiratory disease with pasteurella haemolytica. nine calves were exposed to aerosols of parainfluenza-3 virus and pasteurella haemolytica a1 six days apart to produce respiratory disease. after recovery from the disease, these nine principal and four control calves were challenged with aerosols of bovine herpesvirus 1 and p. haemolytica a1 four days apart. with this viral-bacterial challenge, the n ... | 1986 | 3017526 |
| the association between serological titers in infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, bovine virus diarrhea virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, respiratory syncytial virus and treatment for respiratory disease in ontario feedlot calves. | a seroepidemiological study of the association between antibody titers to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza-3, bovine virus diarrhea and bovine respiratory syncytial viruses, and treatment for bovine respiratory disease was conducted. a total of 322 calves from five different groups were bled on arrival, then one month later all cases (cattle treated for bovine respiratory disease) were rebled together with an equal number of controls (cattle not treated for any disease). titers t ... | 1986 | 3017529 |
| the effect of parainfluenza virus type 3 and pasteurella haemolytica on oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent bactericidal mechanisms of ovine pulmonary phagocytic cells. | groups of caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived lambs were inoculated by the intratracheal route with pasteurella haemolytica, either alone or 4 or 6 days after the inoculation of parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi3). other groups were inoculated with pi3 followed by veal infusion broth, or with uninfected cell culture fluid followed by veal infusion broth (controls). all lambs were killed 24 h after the second inoculation. pulmonary phagocytic cells were recovered by lavage and separated into alveo ... | 1986 | 3018994 |
| parainfluenza virus type 3 in pigs. | 1986 | 3024379 | |
| reduction in in vivo testing at the national veterinary services laboratories of the united states department of agriculture. | efforts are being made at the national veterinary services laboratories to reduce in vivo testing of usda licensed veterinary vaccines. a hemagglutination test for determining potency of killed parvovirus vaccine is currently being used for canine and swine adjuvanted and nonadjuvanted products; a serum neutralization inhibition test (snit) is being developed for potency testing of killed adjuvanted infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), bovine virus diarrhea (bvd) and parainfluenza (pi3) vacc ... | 1986 | 3025035 |
| [viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in madagascan children]. | a total of 80 nasopharyngeal secretions collected from malagasy children (53 boys and 27 girls) with viral acute respiratory infection, aged from 6 days to 10 year old admitted to the pediatric department of antananarivo general hospital from may to july 1983, were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence method. 54--samples were found positive for respiratory viruses. distribution according age groups and sex has been studied: children belonging to 25-36 month age group and male sex were mor ... | 1986 | 3026268 |
| isolation of parainfluenza-3 virus from bull's semen. | 1986 | 3027942 | |
| parainfluenza virus bronchiolitis. epidemiology and pathogenesis. | an investigation of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of bronchiolitis due to parainfluenza virus (pv) was carried out. bronchiolitis due to pv occurred most commonly in non-caucasian males. breast-fed infants exhibited a reduced risk of developing bronchiolitis. once an episode of pv bronchiolitis occurred, both exposure to cigarette smoke and bottle feeding were associated with an increased frequency of recurrent wheezing, and subsequent infection with respiratory virus almost uniformly result ... | 1986 | 3002169 |
| nucleotide sequence of the coding and flanking regions of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 fusion glycoprotein gene. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) fusion (f) protein gene has been determined. the hpiv3 f gene is 1851 nucleotides long including six u residues in the genomic rna, which probably direct synthesis of the first few nucleotides in the f mrna polyadenylate tail. the hpiv3 f gene contains a single long open reading frame coding for 539 amino acids. the predicted molecular weight of the unglycosylated precursor f0 protein was 60031. four potential carbo ... | 1987 | 3033123 |
| nucleotide sequence of the bovine parainfluenza 3 virus genome: the genes of the f and hn glycoproteins. | by analysing complementary dna clones constructed from genomic rna of bovine parainfluenza 3 virus (bpiv3), we determined the nucleotide sequence of the region containing the entire f and hn genes. their deduced amino acid sequences showed about 80% homologies with those of human parainfluenza 3 virus (hpiv3), about 45% with those of sendai virus, and about 20% with those of sv5 and newcastle disease virus (ndv), indicating, together with the results described in the preceding paper on the np, p ... | 1987 | 3031615 |
| antigenic and structural properties of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of human parainfluenza virus type 3: sequence analysis of variants selected with monoclonal antibodies which inhibit infectivity, hemagglutination, and neuraminidase activities. | the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) gene sequence was determined for 16 antigenic variants of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3). the variants were selected by using monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the hn protein which inhibit neuraminidase, hemagglutination, or both activities. each variant had a single-point mutation in the hn gene, coding for a single amino acid substitution in the hn protein. operational and topographic maps of the hn protein correlated well with the relative positions ... | 1987 | 2437318 |
| [study of the multiplication in cell cultures of two strains of para-influenza virus type 3. iii. multiplication in bhk 21 cells]. | study was conducted on the multiplication of two strains (c243 and d) of parainfluenza virus type 3 in bhk 21 cells. multiplication curve of the virus was established and immunohistochemical aspects of the process were investigated. chronological study of successive steps of the formation and development of viral components allowed to see that the virus multiplication rate is low in this cell system. the parainfluenza antigen became detectable by immunofluorescence in the infected cell perinucle ... | 1987 | 2444030 |
| [proteins of the human parainfluenza virus]. | proteins of human parainfluenza type 3 virus propagated in green monkey kidney cultures are described. the presence of 4 major and 3 minor polypeptides is described along with their molecular weights. protein f1 was found as a double band, its both components having a similar intensity. only the upper band of f1 protein was found in the virus grown in vero cell culture which has a low sensitivity for this virus. fractionation of the virus and analysis of the proteins of subviral structures were ... | 1987 | 3037795 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the human parainfluenza 3 virus genes encoding the surface glycoproteins, f and hn. | the sequence of the genes encoding the fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoproteins of the human parainfluenza 3 virus was determined by molecular cloning. the genes were cloned by primer extension using genomic 50 s rna as the template. a series of four overlapping clones was generated from the 3' end of the fusion gene which extended across the gene end and intergenic boundaries of the f-hn and hn-l genes. the f gene extends 1851 nucleotides (inclusive of the putative transcri ... | 1987 | 2825443 |
| nucleotide sequence of the coding and flanking regions of the human parainfluenza virus 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene: comparison with other paramyxoviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of the human parainfluenza virus 3 (hpiv3) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) gene has been determined using cdna clones derived from both hpiv3 genomic rna and mrna. the hn mrna contains 1,882 nucleotides, not including the poly(a) tail. primer extension experiments were carried out to locate the 5' terminal nucleotide of the hn mrna. the 3' end of the mrna was located at a putative polyadenylation signal. the hpiv3 hn mrna has one large open reading frame that codes for 5 ... | 1987 | 2822598 |
| [use of an immune blotting method (western) for studying viral antigens and for detecting antibodies to viral proteins]. | the technique of the procedure and the results of the use of immune ("western") blotting method for studies on viral antigens and detection of antibodies to individual proteins of viral particles are described. the possibility of detection and study of individual viral antigens in the whole plasma of patients or carriers is demonstrated by the example of hbs antigen of human hepatitis b virus. the method of immune blotting was used for screening of human sera for the detection of antibodies to t ... | 1987 | 2823482 |
| field trial of a quadrivalent vaccine against calf respiratory disease. | a quadrivalent vaccine containing the killed antigens of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus type 3, mycoplasma dispar and m bovis, emulsified with an oil adjuvant, was tested for efficacy against naturally occurring calf respiratory disease. three batches of beef cattle aged 12, seven and three weeks at the time of first vaccination were used. within each batch of approximately 100 animals, half were vaccinated subcutaneously on three occasions, three weeks apart and half served as ... | 1987 | 2825397 |
| [experiences with the riems vaccine combination pi-3 and riems ibr/ipv vaccines in cattle-raising stock]. | 1987 | 2831841 | |
| alveolar macrophage phagocytic kinetics following pulmonary parainfluenza-3 virus infection. | qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the cellular components of bronchoalveolar washings of calves with experimental parainfluenza-3 virus pneumonitis and control calves were made. calves were exposed to 10(9) tcid50 of pi-3 by intranasal aerosol exposure and bronchoalveolar cells obtained 7 days after infection by volume-controlled bronchopulmonary lavage. transient tachypnea and pyrexia occurred in all infected calves, and virus was recoverable at 7 days from nasal swabs and lung tissue ... | 1987 | 3033112 |
| bovine parainfluenza-3 virus proteins recognized by antibodies of aerosol-exposed calves. | bovine parainfluenza-3 (bpi-3) virus proteins were radiolabeled with [35s]methionine. control serum containing antibodies to bpi-3 virus obtained from calves that had been immunized by aerosol exposure and by im inoculation and sera of cattle that were exposed to bpi-3 virus by aerosol only were used to immunoprecipitate bpi-3 virus proteins. the immunoprecipitates were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. viral proteins with estimated molecular weights of 72,00 ... | 1988 | 2854712 |
| parainfluenza 3 infections. | 1988 | 2854823 | |
| [pathogenicity of parainfluenza virus type 3 in mice]. | 1988 | 2855381 | |
| attenuation of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 in nonhuman primates and its ability to confer immunity to human parainfluenza virus type 3 challenge. | bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) was evaluated as a candidate live-virus vaccine to protect against infection with human piv-3. the level of replication of bovine and human piv-3 and the efficacy of immunization with bovine piv-3 in protecting against subsequent challenge with human piv-3 was evaluated in nonhuman primates. the duration and magnitude of replication of human and bovine piv-3 in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of new world monkeys was similar, and animals infected ... | 1988 | 2831282 |
| parainfluenza virus type 3 meningitis in an 11-month-old infant. | 1988 | 2835742 | |
| levamisole-induced attenuation of alveolar macrophage dysfunction in respiratory virus-infected calves. | a luminol-amplified chemiluminescence (cl) assay was used to evaluate the effect of levamisole on the metabolic activity of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (pam) from parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus-infected calves. using selective beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists, beta 1-adrenoceptors were shown to inhibit the pam reactive oxygen species-dependent cl response. beta 2 adrenoceptors were apparently not important in the regulation of cl in pam of con ... | 1988 | 2844684 |
| antibodies to parainfluenza virus type 3 in minnesota swine. | 1988 | 2849496 | |
| parainfluenza 3 virus and other common respiratory pathogens in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 1988 | 2833716 | |
| contribution to laboratory diagnosis of mumps and parainfluenza. | specific igm and igg antibodies to mumps virus (mv) were detected in sera of mumps-patients by elisa in agreement with the results obtained by indirect immunofluorescence (if). of given sera 37.5% contained igm reacting in indirect elisa also with the antigens of parainfluenza virus (piv) t3. in all patients with respiratory illness over 2 years of age, the significant increase of antibodies to piv in haemagglutination inhibition (hi) test was in good correlation with serum igm and igg antibody ... | 1988 | 2906222 |
| protective effects of monoclonal antibodies against parainfluenza virus type 3-induced brain infection in hamsters. | a collection of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) and fusion (f) glycoproteins of parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) was used for passive immunization of intracerebrally infected newborn hamsters. a significant degree of protection was obtained with mabs against both the hn and f viral proteins, but no individual antibody conferred complete protection against disease. mabs against different epitopes provided different degrees of protection. a mab to the se ... | 1988 | 2836547 |
| associations between viral infection and respiratory disease in young beef bulls. | blood samples were taken from bull calves at two meat and livestock commission performance testing centres, just after weaning at six months of age and at six weekly intervals until the end of the performance test seven months later. sera were assayed by specific elisas for antibodies to bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1), respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza 3 (pi3) and adenoviruses a and b. seroconversions between each sampling were related to the occurrence of clinical respiratory disease usi ... | 1988 | 2842921 |
| current approaches to the development of vaccines effective against parainfluenza viruses. | infection of infants and children with parainfluenza viruses can lead to serious lower respiratory tract disease. in order to review new information on the genetic organization, epidemiology, and immunobiology of these viruses and of respiratory syncytial virus, who, in conjunction with the national institute of allergy and infectious diseases, held a workshop in bethesda, md, usa, 4-5 may 1987. new data on the immunobiology and epidemiology of human parainfluenza 3 virus were presented that sho ... | 1988 | 2844427 |
| efficacy of viral components of a nonabortigenic combination vaccine for prevention of respiratory and reproductive system diseases in cattle. | efficacy and safety of components of an im-administered vaccine for prevention of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), parainfluenza type-3 (pi-3) virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and campylobacteriosis and leptospirosis were evaluated in cattle, including calves and pregnant cows. challenge of immunity tests were conducted in calves for ibrv, pi-3 virus, or bvdv vaccinal components. all inoculated calves developed serum-neutr ... | 1989 | 2542202 |
| association of parainfluenza virus type 3 infection with allograft rejection in a liver transplant recipient. | 1989 | 2549495 | |
| cell lines for growth of sheep viruses. | 1989 | 2549933 | |
| parainfluenza 3 vaccination of sheep. | outbreaks of pneumonia associated with pasteurella haemolytica have occurred in sheep in the area of perthshire served by this practice, and on some farms the disease has been an important annual cause of loss. serological evidence was obtained that parainfluenza 3 (pi3) virus might be implicated as a predisposing factor to pasteurellosis. a live attenuated pi3 virus vaccine licensed for use in cattle was given intranasally to ewes on one farm. many sheep seroconverted and outbreaks of pneumonia ... | 1989 | 2556831 |
| studies of the effect of recombinant human-alpha 1 interferon on experimental parainfluenza type 3 virus infections of the respiratory tract of calves. | the effect of the administration of recombinant human interferon on the severity of clinical disease and the extent of pneumonic lesions in calves infected experimentally with bovine parainfluenza 3 (pi3) virus was studied in two experiments. in the first, three pairs of calves aged seven to 10 days were used; one of each pair was injected intramuscularly with 10(6) units of interferon/kg bodyweight for three consecutive days, and the other was left untreated. on the day after the first injectio ... | 1989 | 2559530 |
| defective transport of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of bovine parainfluenza-3 virus in interferon treated cell. | a defective transport of bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3v) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein was evidenced in interferon (ifn)-treated bovine turbinate (btu) cells. indirect immunofluorescence performed with monoclonal antibody to pi-3 hn glycoprotein demonstrated accumulation of this protein in the perinuclear cytoplasm of ifn-treated cells. untreated, infected control cells had a generalized widespread fluorescence. unfixed control cells showed a uniform surface fluorescence in ... | 1989 | 2482015 |
| rapid detection of influenza virus infections in human fetal lung diploid cell cultures. | haemadsorbing foci were found in human fetal lung (hfl) diploid cell cultures 12 h after inoculation with influenza viruses a and b. the size and number of the foci were maximal after 48 h of incubation, being limited by production of an unidentified inhibitor. by contrast, inoculation with parainfluenza virus type 3 led to haemadsorption which increased during 10 days of incubation. for the detection of influenza viruses a and b maximum sensitivity was achieved by changing the medium, the day b ... | 1989 | 2663998 |
| synthesis of 3-deazaneplanocin a, a powerful inhibitor of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase with potent and selective in vitro and in vivo antiviral activities. | the neplanocin a analogue 3-deazaneplanocin a (2b) has been synthesized. a direct sn2 displacement on the cyclopentenyl mesylate 3 by the sodium salt of 6-chloro-3-deazapurine afforded the desired regioisomer 4 as the major product. after deprotection, this material was converted to 3-deazaneplanocin a in two steps. x-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed the assigned structure. consistent with its potent inhibition of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, 3-deazaneplanocin a displayed excellent a ... | 1989 | 2544721 |
| an evaluation of four serological tests for the detection of antibodies to bovine parainfluenza virus type 3. | haemagglutination-inhibition (hi), virus neutralization (vn), haemolysis-inhibition (hli-1, hli-2) tests, and two new haemofusion-inhibition (hfi-1, hfi-2) tests, developed by us, were tested for the detection of antibodies to bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv-3) in sera of 45 steers randomly selected from a herd naturally infected by bpiv-3. twelve seronegative animals were then vaccinated with formalin-inactivated vaccine and 15 days later tested by the above-mentioned assays. linear reg ... | 1989 | 2561663 |
| presence of an anti-viral factor in peritoneal dialysis effluent. | viral peritonitis is an exceptionally rare occurrence in peritoneal dialysis. in fact, up to now, only one case report has been documented in the literature. in a prospective study, peritoneal dialysis effluent (pde) was specifically cultured for the following viruses: the herpes group of viruses, including herpes simplex types i (hsv) and ii, cytomegalovirus (cmv) and varicella-zoster (v-z), and the enteroviruses group including coxsackie b-5 (cox b), echo, enterovirus and polio. cultures were ... | 1989 | 2476580 |
| effects of bovine respiratory disease viruses and isoprinosine on bovine leukocyte function in vitro. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 4- to 6-month-old-calves were inoculated in vitro with bovine herpesvirus-1, parainfluenza-3, or bovine virus diarrhea viruses. no increase in infectious virus progeny was observed; however, the viruses were detected in the cells for at least 96 h post-infection without any significant reduction in cell viability. the three viruses, either alone or in combination, suppressed phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of the mononuclear cells. the gr ... | 1989 | 2477940 |
| analysis of the in vitro antiviral activity of certain ribonucleosides against parainfluenza virus using a novel computer aided receptor modeling procedure. | the in vitro antiviral activity of 28 nucleosides against the parainfluenza virus type 3 has been analyzed by using a novel computer aided receptor modeling procedure. the method involves an extensive modification of our earlier work (ghose, a. k.; crippen, g. m. j. med. chem. 1985, 28, 333). it presents a more straightforward algorithm for the steps that suffered from subjectivity in the earlier method. the method first determines the possible low-energy conformations of the nucleosides, and as ... | 1989 | 2539476 |
| reversal of virus-induced alveolar macrophage bactericidal dysfunction by cyclooxygenase inhibition in vitro. | virus infection of alveolar macrophages (am) both in vivo and in vitro has been associated with a decreased ability of these cells to kill bacteria, together with enhanced production of metabolites of arachidonic acid. these metabolites, especially pge2, may be inhibitory to some phagocyte functions. primary cultures of bovine am obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage of normal cattle were infected in vitro with parainfluenza-3 (pi3 virus) virus. killing of staphylococcus epidermidis by am was deter ... | 1989 | 2539425 |
| analysis of bovine parainfluenza-3 virus replication in bovine embryonic lung cells by indirect fluorescent antibody and hemadsorption assays. | the temporal manifestation of bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (bpi3v) proteins in the cytoplasm and on the surface of bovine embryonic lung (bel) cells was characterized by indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) and hemadsorption (had) assays. intracellular proteins appeared earliest at 0.5 h post inoculation (p.i.) and the infection spread to virtually all cells by 48 h p.i. viral proteins on the surface of cells were seen first at 16 h p.i., and by 48 h p.i. the entire cell monolayer was ifa positiv ... | 1990 | 2155247 |
| [a morphological study of pneumopathies caused by associated para-influenza and influenza viruses]. | histological examination of lungs collected from mice inoculated with influenza a/pr 8/34 (h0n0) and/or parainfluenza type 3 viruses revealed the existence of lymphohistiocytic interstitial bronchopneumonia lesions. necrosis zones were found in the lungs of influenza virus infected animals. associated infection by the two viruses induced also the fibroblast and fibrocyte proliferation, at same average ratios. | 1990 | 2176531 |
| parainfluenza-3 infection of the guinea pig airways induces respiratory airway hyperreactivity in vitro. | guinea pigs were inoculated intra-tracheally with bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus (pi-3) to investigate airway responsiveness to histamine and arecoline in vitro. two days after saline or pi-3 inoculation no difference in the reactivity of the tracheal spirals was observed after cumulative concentration/response curves with both drugs. similarly, contractions of parenchymal strips, induced by histamine, did not differ between both groups. however, 4 days after pi-3 inoculation the histamine in ... | 1990 | 2164762 |
| [the incidence of exacerbations in chronic diseases in patients hospitalized with influenza and para-influenza]. | a retrospective analysis was made of the case reports of 829 patients admitted to the infectious department with a diagnosis of influenza (592) and parainfluenza (237). in all the patients, the diagnosis was supported serologically with the aid of the hemagglutination inhibition test, with the antibody titer in the serum rising 4-fold and more. in part of the patients the indicated test was used in combination with the immunofluorescence test in studying nasopharyngeal smears, whereas in part of ... | 1990 | 1965617 |
| evaluation of the toxicity and antiviral activity of carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine against respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza type 3 viruses in tissue culture and in cotton rats. | the toxicity and antiviral efficacy of carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine (cc3ado) against respiratory syncytial (rsv) and parainfluenza type 3 (piv3) virus infections were tested in tissue culture and in cotton rats. the mean median efficacious dose (ed50) of cc3ado in hep2 cells against rsv and piv3 was 9 and 14 micrograms/ml, respectively. these values were 85- and 55-fold less than the median inhibitory (toxic) dose (id50) of cc3ado in this cell line (750 micrograms/ml), and similar to values obta ... | 1990 | 1965109 |
| recombinant human interferon. | 1990 | 2155502 | |
| intracellular processing and transport of nh2-terminally truncated forms of a hemagglutinin-neuraminidase type ii glycoprotein. | six amino-terminal deletion mutants of the nh2-terminally anchored (type ii orientation) hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein of parainfluenza virus type 3 were expressed in tissue culture by recombinant sv-40 viruses. the mutations consisted of progressive deletions of the cytoplasmic domain and, in some cases, of the hydrophobic signal/anchor. three activities were dissociated for the signal/anchor: membrane insertion, translocation, and anchoring/transport. hn protein lacking the entire c ... | 1990 | 2164031 |
| viral rna and protein synthesis in two llc-mk2 cell lines persistently infected with human parainfluenza virus 3. | two lines of llc-mk2 cells persistently infected with human parainfluenza virus 3 (hpiv-3) have been maintained in culture for approximately 3 years. subgenomic rnas (putative defective interfering particle genomes) were detected in virions released from both persistently infected cultures. in one of the persistently infected cell lines cyclic variation in the production of virions containing standard virus genomic-size (50s) rna and subgenomic rna was observed. the molar ratio of subgenomic rna ... | 1990 | 1693460 |
| properties of human parainfluenza virus type 3 rna polymerase/replicase activity in vitro: consensus with other negative-stranded rna viruses. | a cell-free system supporting transcription, replication, and nucleocapsid assembly of the genome rna of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpf3) is described. cytoplasmic extracts from infected cv-1 or bhk cells catalyzed the transcription of the entire hpf3 genome, the replication of genome rna, and the assembly of this rna into nucleocapsidlike structures. newly replicated rna was resistant to micrococcal nuclease digestion and was stable in cscl gradients, exhibiting the density of authentic ... | 1991 | 1649342 |
| replication of parainfluenza type-3 virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus in isolated bovine type-ii alveolar epithelial cells. | the objectives of our research were to determine whether bovine pulmonary type-ii alveolar epithelial cells could be isolated from bovine lung and maintained in tissue culture and to determine whether isolated bovine type-ii alveolar epithelial cells would support productive viral replication of bovine parainfluenza type-3 virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. type-ii alveolar epithelial cells were isolated from lungs of 4- to 7-day-old male holstein calves by enzymatic dissociation of p ... | 1991 | 1652906 |
| protection of cotton rats by immunization with the human parainfluenza virus type 3 fusion (f) glycoprotein expressed on the surface of insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus. | the antigenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of the human piv3 fusion (f) glycoprotein expressed in insect cells by a baculovirus vector were studied. the results indicate that the piv3 f glycoprotein expressed by a recombinant baculovirus is antigenically authentic as determined using a panel of piv3 f specific monoclonal antibodies. only a low level of antibody was stimulated by immunization of animals with infected cells, but the antibody appeared to be of high quality. immunized animals wer ... | 1991 | 1659054 |
| longitudinal study of acute respiratory diseases in rio de janeiro: occurrence of respiratory viruses during four consecutive years. | the occurrence of different viruses in nasopharyngeal secretions from children less than 5 years old with acute respiratory infections (ari) was investigated over a period of 4 years (1982-1985) in rio de janeiro. of the viruses known to be associated with ari, all but influenza c and parainfluenza types 1, 2 and 4 were found. viruses were found more frequently in children attending emergency or pediatric wards than in outpatients. this was clearly related to the high incidence of respiratory sy ... | 1991 | 1668974 |
| homooligomerization of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of human parainfluenza virus type 3 occurs before the acquisition of correct intramolecular disulfide bonds and mature immunoreactivity. | the posttranslational maturation of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein of human parainfluenza type 3 virus (piv3) was investigated in pulse-chase experiments in which folding was monitored by immunoprecipitation with conformation-dependent antibodies and gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions and oligomerization was monitored by chemical cross-linking and sedimentation in sucrose gradients. the acquisition of mature immunoreactivity and the formation of correct intramole ... | 1991 | 1707981 |
| numerous transitions in human parainfluenza virus 3 rna recovered from persistently infected cells. | the nucleotide sequences at the 3'-termini of human parainfluenza virus 3 (hpiv3) genomic rnas recovered from two lines of persistently infected llc-mk2 cells were determined following pcr amplification. after 29 months of persistence the 3'-end of the hpiv3 genome was found to be highly mutated. interestingly, the only types of nucleotide changes observed were u to c and a to g transitions. both u to c and a to g transitions were present on individual rna molecules. the data indicate that biase ... | 1991 | 1849685 |
| infection of cultured human tracheal epithelial cells by human parainfluenza virus types 2 and 3. | despite growing information of the effects of human respiratory virus infection on airway physiology, little information is available on the mechanisms of pathology and pathophysiology in these infections. the human respiratory pathogens, parainfluenza virus types 2 and 3 (hpiv2, hpiv3, respectively), clinically cause laryngotracheobronchitis (infection of the large proximal airways). in order to examine the pathobiology of these viruses in airway cells of human origin, we exposed primary cultur ... | 1991 | 1849915 |
| fusion properties of cells persistently infected with human parainfluenza virus type 3: participation of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase in membrane fusion. | cells persistently infected with human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpf3) exhibit a novel phenotype. they are completely resistant to fusion with each other but readily fuse with uninfected cells. we demonstrate that the inability of these cells to fuse with each other is due to a lack of cell surface neuraminic acid. neuraminic acid is the receptor for the hpf3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein, the molecule responsible for binding of the virus to cell surfaces. uninfected cv-1 cells ... | 1991 | 1851852 |
| pathogenesis of human parainfluenza virus 3 infection in two species of cotton rats: sigmodon hispidus develops bronchiolitis, while sigmodon fulviventer develops interstitial pneumonia. | human parainfluenza virus 3 replicates well in the noses and lungs of two species of cotton rats, sigmodon hispidus and sigmodon fulviventer. peak viral titers of nearly 10(6) pfu/g are reached 2 days after infection in both tissues, are maintained through day 5, and are equivalent in the two species. infectious virus is eliminated by day 8 after infection. both species produce a strong neutralizing antibody response with titers of 1:10,000 4 weeks after infection. viral replication in the nasal ... | 1991 | 1845878 |
| effects of zinc methionine and zinc oxide on performance, blood characteristics, and antibody titer response to viral vaccination in stressed feeder calves. | ninety steers with an average weight of 214 kg were purchased at 2 feeder calf sales and transported 70 to 100 km. on arrival at the feedlot, steers were weighed and identified, blood was withdrawn, and the steers were vaccinated against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and parainfluenza3 (pi3), using a modified live vaccine, and randomly assigned to treatment groups. treatments were: control (no supplemental zinc; zinc methionine; and zinc oxide. the control diet contained 26 mg of zinc/kg diet, an ... | 1991 | 1667527 |
| congenital hydrocephalus in suckling hamsters caused by transplacental infection with parainfluenza virus type 3. | the possible occurrence of congenital hydrocephalus by viral infection of the mother was examined by inoculating pregnant hamsters intravenously with parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3). we could produce congenital hydrocephalus in littermates born to a mother which had been inoculated into the left cervical vein on the 14th day of pregnancy. this result may indicate that the virus could pass through the placenta to arrive at the fetus, and infect the central nervous system. | 1991 | 1664659 |
| effects of 4-ipomeanol on bovine parainfluenza type 3 virus-induced pneumonia in calves. | previous research has demonstrated that 4-ipomeanol toxicosis can enhance the severity of para-influenza virus-induced pneumonia in mice. the objectives of this study were to determine whether calves are susceptible to 4-ipomeanol-induced enhancement of parainfluenza type 3 viral pneumonia and to determine whether 4-ipomeanol alters pulmonary replication of parainfluenza virus. male holstein calves were injected with either 4-ipomeanol (3 mg/kg) or vehicle (polyethylene glycol) 3 days prior to i ... | 1991 | 1661042 |
| [the improvement of the immunodiagnosis of para-influenza infection based on erythrocyte reagents]. | study of different methods of hemosensitization helped detect the optimum technology for the preparation of parainfluenza (type 3) antigenic erythrocyte diagnosticum. this technology ensures the highest sensitivity, specificity, economy (with respect to viral antigen consumption) and stability of the reagent. titration of antibodies by means of the new diagnosticum and the detection of parainfluenza cases among children with acute respiratory virus infections, acute and chronic glomerulonephriti ... | 1992 | 1379772 |
| virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs in vivo: study of broncho-alveolar cell number and activity. | recently, we demonstrated that an increased airway responsiveness in vitro can be measured 4, 8, and 16 days, but not 2 days, after intratracheal inoculation of parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus to guinea pigs. in the present study airway responsiveness was measured in vivo, and the number, types and activity of broncho-alveolar cells was determined. a significant increase in airflow resistance was measured in spontaneously breathing anesthetized guinea pigs in response to histamine and methacholine, ... | 1992 | 1335883 |
| [the effect of influenza and para-influenza on the course of ischemic heart disease]. | a retrospective analysis was made of 541 case reports of patients with coronary heart disease admitted to the infectious department with the diagnosis of influenza (n-387) and parainfluenza (n-154). in all the patients, the diagnosis was verified serologically with the aid of the hemagglutination inhibition test, with a 4-fold and greater increase of the antibody titer in the serum. in part of the patients, it was confirmed by the above test combined with immunofluorescence in examining rhinopha ... | 1992 | 1332205 |
| isolation of parainfluenza virus type 3 from cerebrospinal fluid. | 1992 | 1316416 | |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the js strain of human parainfluenza virus type 3: comparison with the wash/47885/57 prototype strain. | the nucleotide sequence of the js strain of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) was determined from a series of 14 overlapping cdna clones and was compared to that of the previously sequenced prototype piv3 strain, wash/47885/57 (galinski, 1991). overall, there were 630 (4%) nucleotide differences between the two viruses. 15462 nucleotides comprised the js genome in contrast to 15463 which constituted the genome of the prototype virus. this was accounted for by a single nucleotide deletion i ... | 1992 | 1329377 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the l gene of marburg virus, a filovirus: homologies with paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of the l gene of marburg virus, strain musoke, has been determined. the l gene has a single long open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 2330 amino acids (mw 267,175) that represents the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. the putative transcription start signal (3'cuaccuauaauu 5') and the termination signal (3' uaauucuuuuu 5') of the gene could be identified. computer-assisted comparison of the l protein with l proteins of other nonsegmented negative-stranded rna vi ... | 1992 | 1546452 |
| biological activity of paramyxovirus fusion proteins: factors influencing formation of syncytia. | the fusion (f) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoproteins of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) were expressed individually or coexpressed in cv-1 cells by using sv40-based vectors and recombinant vaccinia viruses. the extent of detectable fusion in a syncytium formation assay was found to be affected by the expression system used. in addition, when hn was coexpressed with f, it was found that the expression vector system influenced the contribution of hn in forming syncytia. the abi ... | 1992 | 1602561 |
| rescue of synthetic analogs of genomic rna and replicative-intermediate rna of human parainfluenza virus type 3. | the genome of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) is a single negative-sense rna strand (vrna) that is 15,463 nucleotides in length. a cdna was constructed to encode an 898-nucleotide, internally deleted version of piv3 vrna, piv3-cat vrna, in which the viral genes were replaced with the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) reporter gene. the cat gene was flanked in turn by sequences representing (i) nontranslated sequences of the first and last genes in the piv3 genome, (ii) pi ... | 1993 | 8386276 |
| parainfluenza virus infection in adult bone marrow transplant recipients. | the clinical course of parainfluenza virus infection occurring in 8 of 265 (3%) adult bone marrow transplant recipients during 1991 was reviewed. parainfluenza virus type 3 was isolated from all eight patients. the clinical course ranged from self-limited upper respiratory tract infections (2 patients) to severe lower respiratory tract disease (6 patients) associated with a 50% mortality. this study highlights the important role of community respiratory viruses such as parainfluenza virus in the ... | 1993 | 8243487 |
| a time-course study of airway hyperresponsiveness in conscious parainfluenza virus type 3-infected guinea pigs. | the study of virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness may provide insight into mechanisms that contribute to respiratory diseases such as asthma. we examined changes induced by parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3) in lung lesions, tissue weights, and airway responsiveness to aerosols of histamine, methacholine, or citric acid in conscious guinea pigs, using modified whole body plethysmography. during the first week after inoculation, infected lung tissue had peribronchiolitis and airway hyperrespon ... | 1993 | 8277724 |
| microencapsulated human parainfluenza virus induces a protective immune response. | human parainfluenza type 3 (pi3) virus was incorporated into microspheres composed of a biocompatible and biodegradable dl-lactide and glycolide copolymer. sera from mice immunized with these microspheres showed an antibody response to the viral glycoproteins and neutralized virus infectivity. the microspheres were also evaluated by intraperitoneal, oral, or intranasal administration to determine their protective efficacy in the hamster. after challenge infection of the intraperitoneally immuniz ... | 1993 | 8382726 |
| comparison of soluble and secreted forms of human parainfluenza virus type 3 glycoproteins expressed from mammalian and insect cells as subunit vaccines. | human parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3) is one of the leading causes of paediatric viral respiratory disease. the piv-3 genome encodes two envelope glycoproteins, f and hn, which are the major targets for the host antibody response. we have expressed secreted forms of the f and hn proteins and a novel chimeric fhn glycoprotein in insect cells using recombinant baculovirus vectors and secreted forms of the f and fhn glycoproteins in stably transformed chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. compariso ... | 1993 | 8383178 |
| parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3)-specific and non-virus-specific delayed type hypersensitivity responses in cotton rats given different piv3 antigen preparations. | virus-specific, t-lymphocyte-mediated delayed type hypersensitivity (dth) responses were studied in cotton rats using replicating (wild-type parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3) and recombinant vaccinia virus expressing piv3 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) or fusion (f) glycoproteins), and non-replicating (detergent-solubilized, affinity chromatography purified hn and f glycoproteins or inactivated whole piv3) virus preparations. significant virus-specific dth responses were observed in all test ... | 1993 | 8383384 |
| isolation of parainfluenza virus type 3 from cerebrospinal fluid associated with aseptic meningitis. | parainfluenza virus type 3 has been isolated from the cerebral spinal fluid (csf) from six individuals--four children and two adults--over a 10-year period. all had fever, and four had signs of meningitis. all recovered uneventfully, including one child undergoing chemotherapy for medulloblastoma. the clinical presentation of this child who developed parainfluenza virus type 3 meningitis is described, and the cases of five other individuals with parainfluenza virus type 3 isolated from the csf a ... | 1993 | 8391749 |
| immunopotentiation of bovine respiratory disease virus vaccines by interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-2. | three experiments, using 85 crossbred beef calves, were conducted to evaluate the adjuvanticity of single, multiple, and combined doses of recombinant bovine il-1 beta (rboil-1 beta) and recombinant bovine il-2 (rboil-2), with a modified-live bovine herpesvirus-1/parainfluenza-3 (bhv-1/pi-3) virus vaccine and a killed bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus vaccine. cytokines were administered intramuscularly at vaccination but at different injection sites. all cytokine treatments increased non-major ... | 1993 | 8393601 |
| the antiviral activity of sp-303, a natural polyphenolic polymer, against respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza type 3 viruses in cotton rats. | sp-303, a naturally occurring polyphenolic polymer (average m.w. = 2100 da), was tested in cotton rats (sigmoden hispidus) for antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial (rsv) and parainfluenza type 3 (piv3) viruses, and for acute toxicity. significant reductions in pulmonary rsv titers, compared to pulmonary rsv titers in comparably treated control animals, were seen in cotton rats given 1-10 mg sp-303/kg/day intraperitoneally (i.p.) on days 1 through to 3, after experimental inoculation ... | 1993 | 8384824 |
| persistent infection with human parainfluenza virus 3 in cv-1 cells: analysis of the role of defective interfering particles. | persistent infection of cultured cells with human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpf3), established following infection at high multiplicity, has been associated with the presence of one or more viral defective-interfering (di) particles in addition to standard viral genomes. we recently showed that persistent infection can also be established after low multiplicity infection, a condition not generally associated with amplification of di particles. the association of di particle genomes with persis ... | 1993 | 8386885 |
| paramyxovirus mrna editing leads to g deletions as well as insertions. | paramyxoviruses are thought to edit their p gene mrnas co-transcriptionally, by a mechanism in which the polymerase stutters and reads the same template base more than once. sendai virus (sev) and bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (bpiv3) are closely related viruses, but sev edits its p gene mrna with the insertion of a single g residue (at approximately 50% frequency) within the sequence 5' a6g3, whereas bpiv3 inserts 1 to approximately 6 gs at roughly equal frequency within the sequence 5' a6g ... | 1994 | 7957115 |
| bovine parainfluenza-3 virus selectively depletes a calcium-independent, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase c and inhibits superoxide anion generation in bovine alveolar macrophages. | bovine parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus inhibits oxygen-dependent bacterial killing by phagocytes, a key pulmonary defense, thus predisposing the host to intrapulmonary bacterial superinfection. pi-3 virus inhibited opsonized zymosan or pma-activated superoxide anion (o2-) generation in bovine alveolar macrophages. the respiratory virus influenza also inhibits o2- generation by phagocytes, however, the mechanisms(s) of viral inhibition differs from pi-3. pi-3 did not trigger o2- generation before in ... | 1994 | 8027547 |
| post-infantile giant cell hepatitis in an elderly female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | a 69-year-old japanese female was admitted because of general fatigue. laboratory data showed elevation of serum total bilirubin, transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and creatinine levels. an immunological study revealed hypergammaglobulinemia, low titer of complement, and high titers of antinuclear antibody, anti-dna antibody, and circulating immune complexes. antibodies to parainfluenza virus 3 were positive. histology of the liver disclosed numerous giant cell hepatocyte transformati ... | 1994 | 8061807 |
| fatal, generalized bovine herpesvirus type-1 infection associated with a modified-live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis parainfluenza-3 vaccine administered to neonatal calves. | generalized bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) infection was diagnosed in six salers calves from the same herd. the calves had received an intramuscular injection of modified-live infectious bovine rhinotracheitis parainfluenza-3 vaccine between birth and three days of age. the purpose of this study was to determine if the outbreak was associated with the vaccine strain of bhv-1. analysis of epidemiological data and bhv-1 dna for restriction fragment length polymorphism was undertaken. multifocal necr ... | 1994 | 8076277 |
| rapid detection of parainfluenza virus type 3 rna in respiratory specimens: use of reverse transcription-pcr-enzyme immunoassay. | parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3), an important lower respiratory tract pathogen in young children and immunocompromised individuals, may be underdiagnosed because of the insensitivity of available culturing systems and delay in identification of virus in cell culture. we developed a reverse transcription-pcr-enzyme immunoassay (rt-pcr-eia) for piv-3, using primers specific for a highly conserved region of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene. testing of nasal washes spiked with piv-3 or other ... | 1994 | 8150961 |
| [pathogenesis of congenital hydrocephalus: role of transplacental myxovirus infection]. | several pediatric cases of hydrocephalus after mumps virus infection, have been reported. these cases are thought to be caused by ependymitis due to mumps virus infection. clinical cases of congenital hydrocephalus possibly caused by intrauterine mumps virus infection are also accumulating. however, it has not yet been made clear whether mumps virus can pass through the human placenta and cause hydrocephalus. our experimental studies demonstrated that mumps and parainfluenza virus type 3 could i ... | 1994 | 8185971 |
| field study of undifferentiated respiratory disease in housed beef calves. | a severe outbreak of undifferentiated respiratory disease affecting 119 of 144 (82.6 per cent) two- to five-month-old housed beef calves was studied by monitoring their clinical signs and rectal temperatures daily or every second day for two months. new cases of respiratory disease, which were first identified three weeks after the calves were housed, occurred over a period of 29 days. the cause of the outbreak was not conclusively determined although 20 per cent of the calves sampled showed ser ... | 1994 | 8203107 |
| correlation of proteolytic cleavage of f protein precursors in paramyxoviruses with expression of the fur, pace4 and pc6 genes in mammalian cells. | the fusion (f) protein precursor of virulent newcastle disease virus (ndv) strains and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) has a multibasic amino acid sequence at the cleavage site, and intracellular cleavage activation occurs in a variety of cells. the host protease responsible for the cleavage has been proposed to be a subtilisin-like protease (subtilase) such as furin (the product of the fur gene). we found that the lymphocyte cell lines molt-4, ramos and daudi, in addition to nalm6, lac ... | 1994 | 7931173 |
| survey of antibodies against various infectious disease agents in racing camels in abu dhabi, united arab emirates. | prevalence of antibodies against some important disease agents in sera from racing camels in abu dhabi (united arab emirates) is reported. antibodies against brucella abortus were detected in 1.5% of racing camels, but only 0.76% had titres sufficient for the animals to be considered infected. the complement fixation test revealed antibodies against coxiella burnetii (causative agent of q fever) in 7.9% of camels (with a geometrical mean titre of 13) and against parainfluenza virus type 3 in 5.6 ... | 1994 | 7949353 |
| analysis of respiratory syncytial virus f, g, and sh proteins in cell fusion. | recombinant expression of the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) glycoprotein, receptor-binding glycoprotein (g), and small hydrophobic (sh) protein was performed to determine the role(s) of these proteins in syncytia formation. these studies used a vaccinia virus expressing the bacteriophage (t7) rna polymerase gene and plasmid vectors containing the rsv genes under the control of a t7 promoter. within the context of this expression system, expression of any individual rsv gene, ... | 1994 | 8178462 |
| localization of a domain on the paramyxovirus attachment protein required for the promotion of cellular fusion by its homologous fusion protein spike. | the promotion of membrane fusion by the paramyxovirus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) and fusion (f) proteins requires that they be derived from homologous viruses, suggesting the possibility that the promotion of fusion requires a virus-specific communication between the two glycoprotein spikes. we have evaluated the ability of chimeric hn proteins, composed of domains from the hn proteins of two heterologous members of the group, human parainfluenza virus 3 (hpiv3) and newcastle disease virus ... | 1995 | 7778280 |
| respiratory virus antibodies in adults of a norwegian community: prevalences and risk factors. | the aims were to examine prevalences as well as demographic and environmental predictors of respiratory virus antibodies in serum. | 1995 | 7797347 |
| human parainfluenza virus type 3 phosphoprotein: identification of serine 333 as the major site for pkc zeta phosphorylation. | the human parainfluenza virus type 3 p protein is an rna polymerase subunit involved in both transcription and replication during the life cycle of the virus. our laboratory has recently shown that the p protein is phosphorylated both in vitro and in vivo by the cellular protein kinase c (pkc) isoform zeta and that this phosphorylation is essential for viral replication. to identify the site(s) of phosphorylation, we have used cnbr cleavage, phosphoamino acid analysis, and two-dimensional trypti ... | 1995 | 7645259 |
| antibody responses by cattle after vaccination with commercial viral vaccines containing bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus immunogens and subsequent revaccination at day 140. | calves were vaccinated with four different commercial viral vaccines containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3v), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) immunogens. for the initial vaccination certain vaccines were given twice (days 0 and 28), whereas other vaccines were given on day 0. the calves received another injection on day 140 with the vaccine originally given on day 0. the sera were collected at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 5 ... | 1995 | 7483787 |
| evaluation of the antiviral activity of n-(phosphonoacetyl)-l-aspartate against paramyxoviruses in tissue culture and against respiratory syncytial virus in cotton rats. | n-(phosphonoacetyl)-l-aspartate (pala), a potent inhibitor of l-aspartic acid transcarbamoylase, was evaluated for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against three different paramyxoviruses in tissue culture, and for antiviral efficacy and toxicity in vivo using a cotton rat-respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) model. significant in vitro cytotoxicity was observed in proliferating cultures of hep-2 (ic50 = 250 micrograms/ml) and vero cells (ic50 = 32 micrograms/ml), but was less evident in culture ... | 1995 | 7486959 |
| differences in the role of the cytoplasmic domain of human parainfluenza virus fusion proteins. | we have investigated the roles of the cytoplasmic domains of the human parainfluenza virus type 2 (pi2) and type 3 (pi3) fusion (f) proteins in protein transport and cell fusion activity. by using the vaccinia virus-t7 transient expression system, a series of f protein cytoplasmic tail truncation mutants was studied with respect to intracellular and surface expression and the ability to induce cell fusion when coexpressed with the corresponding hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) proteins. all of t ... | 1995 | 7474124 |
| a live human parainfluenza type 3 virus vaccine is attenuated and immunogenic in healthy infants and children. | the safety, infectivity, immunogenicity, and phenotypic stability of the cold-passaged (cp) candidate vaccine cp-45, a cold-adapted (ca), temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of the js strain of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv-3), was evaluated in 114 children 6 months to 10 years old in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. the cp-45 vaccine was well tolerated when given intranasally to parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv-3)-seropositive and -seronegative children. with 10(4) or ... | 1995 | 7594701 |
| asymmetric periflexural exanthem of childhood and viral examinations. | we report on an asymmetric maculopapular exanthem of early childhood. one hundred eighty seven patients (111 girls, 76 boys) were examined over a four-year period, mainly in winter and spring. the first skin lesions appeared on the trunk or in the large flexures of the limbs. they spread centrifugally, often to the contralateral side, over two to four weeks, and disappeared with slight itching and moderate desquamation within another two to four weeks. virologic studies were carried out in 34 ca ... | 1995 | 7659637 |