Publications

high incidence of sensitivity to yeast killer toxins among candida and torulopsis isolates of human origin.	among yeast strains of human origin belonging to the genera candida, cryptococcus, torulopsis, and rhodotorula which were examined for killer and sensitive characteristics with killer and sensitive strains of cryptococcus, hansenula, kluyveromyces, pichia, saccharomyces, and torulopsis as screening organisms, a high incidence of sensitivity to killer toxins was observed within the genera candida and torulopsis. of 142 strains tested, 116 strains distributed over all candida and torulopsis specie ...	1980	7191690
the rickettsia-like organisms tatlock (1943) and heba (1959): bacteria phenotypically similar to but genetically distinct from legionella pneumophila and the wiga bacterium.	two "rickettsia-like organisms," tatlock and heba, isolated from human blood via guinea pigs and embryonated eggs in 1943 and 1959, respectively, have been cultured on artificial media (charcoal yeast extract agar) for the first time and characterized. tatlock and heba have identical cultural, biochemical, and antigenic characteristics, as well as identical cellular fatty-acid composition and antimicrobial susceptibilities. these two bacteria have most of the cultural and biochemical characteris ...	1980	6985783
kluyveromyces fragilis as an opportunistic fungal pathogen in man.	an immunosuppressed cardiac transplant patient with pulmonary infection due to the yeast kluyveromyces fragilis is described. isolation of this fungus from human sources is rarely reported, and previous reports of human infection are unavailable in the modern literature. the organism is poorly pathogenic even in immunocompromised hosts. in vitro susceptibility studies with several strains presented here indicate inhibition by 5-fluorocytosine and miconazole, and borderline susceptibility to amph ...	1980	6988992
deactivation of furyl furamide (af-2) by rat-liver microsomes and its implication in short-term tests for mutagenicity/carcinogenicity.	the genetic activity of af-2 in both bacteria and yeast rapidly disappeared in the presence of rat-liver microsomal fraction (s9 mix). incubation of af-2 with s9 mix even for 10 min at 37 degrees c was sufficient to inactivate it completely. data available in the literature suggest that activation of af-2 is necessary for its geno-toxic effect. the activation step may involve reduction of the nitrofuran to an amino group probably by the enzyme reductase i. most cultured cell systems, such as bac ...	1980	6990237
[effect of smoking-machine parameters on the genetoxic activity of cigarette gas phase, estimated on human lymphocyte and yeast (author's transl)].	cigarette smoke used in chemical research and bioassays is obtained by mechanical smoking on machines adjusted to international standards. on studying the behavior of some smokers of black tobacco, we were led to change the standard parameters: volume, duration, frequency. the gas phase obtained under those new conditions is poorer in some components. this decrease goes with a clear-cut decrease of its genotoxic activity towards cultured human lymphocytes (sister-chromatid exchange frequency) an ...	1980	6990251
cytostatic activity of in vitro activated human adherent cells against human tumor cell lines.	human adherent cells from peripheral blood were cultured with immunostimulant, bcg, yeast wall, or streptococcal preparation (ok-432), for 3 days, and the cytostatic activity of the adherent cells on human tumor cells was examined. the cells cultured in the presence of an immunostimulant exhibited increased phagocytic activity and the number of phagocytosed sheep red blood cells (srbc) per cell increased. adherent cells cultured without the immunostimulant showed slight cytostatic activity of 8 ...	1980	6991350
yeast mitochondrial trnatrp can recognize the nonsense codon uga.	dna sequence analysis of mitochondrial genes that code for some mitochondrial proteins has suggested that the opal terminator, uga, is used as a sense codon in mitochondria. the complete sequences of both the yeast and human genes coding for cytochrome oxidase subunit ii contain uga codons in the reading frame. when the protein sequences predicted by these dna sequences are compared with the known protein sequence of bovine mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit ii, there are regions of homolo ...	1980	6995848
saccharomyces cerevisiae septicemia.	we report the first known case of septicemia caused by saccharomyces cerevisiae. it occurred nosocomially in a hyperalimented burned man. it is a rare example of disease caused by s cerevisiae, which, like many saprophytes, can become pathogenic in the debilitated. the case is remarkable for its apparent origin in a bleeding esophageal lesion, for its clinical characteristics, including profound neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hypothermia, and monocytopenia, and for its cure by amphotericin b.	1980	7002086
the complete amino acid sequence of human cu/zn superoxide dismutase.		1980	7002610
effect of carbohydrates on adherence of escherichica coli to human urinary tract epithelial cells.	adherence of escherichia coli cells to voided uroepithelial cells from healthy women was measured by use of [3h]uridine-labeled bacteria filtered through a polycarbonate membrane filter (5-micrometer pore size). at a concentration of 2.5% (wt/vol), d-mannose, d-mannitol, alpha-methyl-d-mannoside, and yeast mannan completely inhibited adherence of the bacteria to the epithelial cells. at this same concentration, d-fructose, d-lyxose, d-arabinose, and d-glyceraldehyde partially inhibited adherence ...	1980	7002802
identification of the major adherence ligand of klebsiella pneumoniae in the receptor for coliphage t7 and alteration of klebsiella adherence properties by lysogenic conversion.	we have studied the adherence of both laboratory and wild-type klebsiella pneumoniae strains, isolated from sputum, urine, and stool samples, to human buccal and intestinal and urinary tract epithelial cells. of 32 unencapsulated strains, 30 adhered to all epithelial cells tested. four k. pneumoniae strains lysogenic for ap3, a phage which causes conversion to resistance of coliphages t3, t7, and phi i, were all unable to adhere to epithelial cells. one of these strains was cured from phage infe ...	1980	7002803
damage and repair in mammalian cells after exposure to non-ionizing radiations. iii. ultraviolet and visible light irradiation of cells of placental mammals, including humans, and determination of photorepairable damage in vitro.	cultured cells of placental mammals (including human skin fibroblasts) as well as fresh cornea tissue from oxen have been uv (254 nm)-irradiated and either kept dark or exposed to photoreactivating light (wavelengths greater than 375 nm only) prior to extraction of their dna. the latter was added to an in vitro photorepair system consisting of uv-irradiated dna from haemophilus influenzae and yeast-photoreactiving enzyme, illuminated with broad-spectrum white fluorescent light. the extent of com ...	1980	7360143
marine biopolymers with cell specificity. ii. purification and characterization of agglutinins from mucus of windowpane flounder lophopsetta maculata.	the windowpane flounder, lophopsetta maculata, was found to have proteins in the body mucus which agglutinate mouse leukemia cells, l5784y but not l1210. they also agglutinate rabbit and mouse erythrocytes, a marine yeast and a bacterium, and have weak activity against mouse sarcoma 180 cells, human b, guinea pig, and horse erythrocytes. the hemagglutinating activity was not affected by the treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol, trypsin, or pronase, but was inhibited by a high concentration of n-acet ...	1980	7378446
occurrence of globulin-like migrating blood albumins, or glimbal, in pathological rat and human sera.	the presence in the serum of albumins having a globulin-like electrophoretic mobility (globulin-like migrating blood albumins or glimbal) has been determined by immunoelectrophoresis in rat and human sera. glimbal have been detected occasionally (14%) in rat sera during the acute inflammation induced by yeast injection. glimbal were, on the other hand, present in pathological human sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (50%), systemic lupus erythematosus (69%), and liver disease (17%). th ...	1980	7388676
pittsburgh pneumonia agent: direct isolation from human lung tissue.	pittsburgh pneumonia agent (ppa) was recently cultivated from infected egg yold on charcoal yeast extract agar. ppa has now been isolated both from infected egg yolk and human lung tissue on charcoal yeast extract agar and on a new medium, buffered charcoal yeast extract agar. ppa resembles legionella pneumophila and other legionella-like organisms in requirements for growth and composition of fatty acids. it differs in genetic relatedness, antigenic composition, and colonial morphology and has ...	1980	7391615
blastomycoma of the cerebellum. an ultrastructural study.	biopsy tissue from a cerebellar blastomycoma in a 48-year-old man was studied by electron microscopy. the fine structure of the fungi recapitulated that of the yeast forms described in cultures and culture implants. mycelial forms were not encountered. the yeasts displayed lamellated cell walls and occasional multinucleation. persistent broad-based budding with complex membranous profiles related to the cell membrane was prominent. the organisms were found within multinucleated giant cells and m ...	1980	7395465
interaction of histoplasma capsulatum with human platelets.	thrombocytopenia is a common accompaniment of disseminated histoplasmosis. the yeast form of histoplasma capsulatum does not directly injure human platelets freed of plasma. preincubation of h. capsulatum with plasma enabled it to induce prompt platelet aggregation and selective release of [3h]serotonin without release of lysosomal beta-glucuronidase and the cytoplasmic marker, lactate dehydrogenase. platelet aggregation was mediated by adenosine diphosphate, as shown by the blocking of the reac ...	1980	7400626
on the incidence of yeast species from human sources in finland. iv. yeasts from toe webs and nails.		1980	7412781
influence of sublethal concentrations of antibiotics on the expression of the mannose-specific ligand of escherichia coli.	the ability of streptomycin, in subinhibitory concentrations, to differentially suppress the acquisition of the mannose-binding activity of escherichia coli was demonstrated in several strains, but not one with a ribosomal mutation to high-level streptomycin resistance, rpsl. we also determined that the growth of bacteria in other antibiotics, notably those that interfere with protein synthesis, resulted in diminished mannose-binding activity (as measured by yeast cell agglutination), degree of ...	1980	6103875
novel features in the genetic code and codon reading patterns in neurospora crassa mitochondria based on sequences of six mitochondrial trnas.	we report the sequences of neurospora crassa mitochondrial alanine, leucine(1), leucine(2), threonine, tryptophan, and valine trnas. on the basis of the anticodon sequences of these trnas and of a glutamine trna, whose sequence analysis is nearly complete, we infer the following: (i) the n. crassa mitochondrial trna species for alanine, leucine(2), threonine, and valine, amino acids that belong to four-codon families (gcn, cun, acn, and gun, respectively; n = u, c, a, or g) all contain an unmodi ...	1980	6447871
pathogenic yeast-like fungi in meat products.	100 samples of sausage and ham (cut in fine slices) were examined to find out whether meat products can harbour yeast-like fungi pathogenic for man. pieces of the test material were placed in a sterile petri dish containing 1 ml distilled water and incubated at 26 degrees c for 2 days. the colonies grown on the material were identified by international standard methods, tested for extracellular proteolytic activity and serotypes. experimentally infected meat products were studied culturally and ...	1980	7013360
study of antibody-coated fungi in patients with funguria and suspected disseminated fungal infections or primary fungal pyelonephritis.	the direct immunofluorescence method for the detection of antibody-coated bacteria in urine sediments has been used by investigators to distinguish invasive bacterial disease of the renal parenchyma from noninvasive bladder bacteriuria. the purpose of the present investigation was to test the usefulness of the demonstration of urinary fungal immunoglobulins and complement in distinguishing patients with fungal cystitis from those with suspected disseminated fungal disease. twenty-one patients wi ...	1980	7014894
liver regeneration in the presence of high protein and organ-containing diets.	rats, mostly young adult males, were partially hepatectomized and administered a variety of plant, yeast and animal proteins as well as raw and cooked fresh pig organs and blood, fetal pig carcass and organs, lean beef and human term placenta over a period of 10 days. each agent at 25% protein or in terms of 25--30% dry solids, was introduced into an aqueous mixture supplemented with salts, vitamins, corn oil and glucose. except for a few discrepancies, liver regeneration was stimulated by most ...	1980	7216124
human lymphocyte blastogenesis induced by living and dead histoplasma capsulatum yeasts and soluble yeast autolysate.	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured with either replicating yeast phase histoplasma capsulatum, intact dead yeasts of soluble yeast phase autolysate antigen for induction of lymphocyte blastogenesis. h. capsulatum replicated to the same extent in cultures of lymphocytes from histoplasmin skin test-positive and negative cell donors, but stimulated far greater blastogenesis in the former. dead h. capsulatum yeasts, which were more easily quantified, caused nearly as much specifi ...	1981	7256491
a mutagenicity methodology for assessing the formation of n-dimethylnitrosamine in vivo.	the mutagenicity test methodology in vitro has been extensively used during recent years in the identification of potential carcinogenic agents. mutagenic analyses have been applied to the study of chemical reaction products for the demonstration of the formation of mutagenic agents. recent studies have indicated that secondary and tertiary amines, when reacted with nitrite in acidic conditions, yield n-nitroso compounds, including the potent carcinogen n-dimethylnitrosamine (ndma). this finding ...	1981	7266564
a rapid passive hemagglutination method for demonstrating serum antibodies to candida albicans.	soluble components from disrupted cells of candida albicans, a yeast-like fungus which is a normal commensal in the throat and nasopharynx were conjugated by bis-diazotized benzidine to turkey erythrocytes to produce sensitized particles capable of reacting with specific serum anti-candida factors. the rapid sedimentation of conjugated nucleated turkey cells in the presence of antibody permits hemagglutination titers to be read in less than an hour. preliminary results indicate that this test wh ...	1981	7328688
carbohydrate chains on yeast carboxypeptidase y are phosphorylated.	carboxypeptidase y, a vacuolar enzyme from saccharomyces cerevisiae, was digested with endo-beta-n-acetyl-d-glucosaminidase h to release the four oligosaccharide chains that are linked to asparagine in the glycoprotein. the oligosaccharides were fractionated into a neutral and acidic component, and the latter proved to phosphorylated. from its gel filtration pattern, the neutral fraction was shown to be a mixture of at least four homologs, the smallest of which had a proton nmr spectrum almost i ...	1981	7017728
electrochemical measurements of cell populations.	determination of cell growth was carried out by a polarographic system. the system was constructed of two platinum electrodes, a saturated calomel electrode, and a thermistor electrode. responses of the system to the dissolved oxygen, ph, and temperature were examined. cell growth of s. cerevisiae and m. olivoasterospora was monitored continuously by this system. in addition, this polarographic system could be applied to the measurements of cell populations of the human cancer cell l-1210 and mo ...	1981	7020542
secondary structure comparisons between small subunit ribosomal rna molecules from six different species.	secondary structure models are presented for three pairs of small subunit ribosomal rna molecules. these are the 16s rrna from e. coli cytoplasmic and z. mays chloroplast ribosomes, the 18s rrna from s. cerevisiae and x. laevis cytoplasmic ribosomes, and the 12s rrna from human and mouse mitochondrial ribosomes. using the experimentally-established secondary structure of the e. coli 16s rrna as a basis, the models were derived both by searching for primary structural homology between the three c ...	1981	7024918
the mosaic organization of the apocytochrome b gene of aspergillus nidulans revealed by dna sequencing.	the coding section of the apocytochrome b gene (coba) of the mitochondrial dna of aspergillus nidulans has been completely sequenced. the gene comprises two exons of 507 and 654 bp separated by one intron of approximately 1.1 kb. the derived amino acid sequence shows 61% homology with that of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 51% homology with the cognate human sequence. comparison of these sequences indicates that uga codes for tryptophan in the a. nidulans mitochondrial system. the intron is in exa ...	1981	7034966
the adhesion of the yeast candida albicans to epithelial cells of human origin in vitro.		1981	7036964
some biochemical and pharmacological properties of an epoxide metabolite of alclofenac.	the properties of an epoxide metabolite of alclofenac have been investigated in a number of in vitro and in vivo tests. alclofenac epoxide was shown to inhibit the activity of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase and form a conjugate with cysteine. the epoxide, but not alclofenac itself, showed mutagenic effects on strains of salmonella typhimurium sensitive to alkylating agents, but had no effect on strains sensitive to intercalating agents. in addition the epoxide was active in a cell transformation as ...	1981	6109575
a general, fast, and sensitive micromethod for dna determination application to rat and mouse liver, rat hepatoma, human leukocytes, chicken fibroblasts, and yeast cells.		1981	7011093
adhesion, hemagglutination, and virulence of escherichia coli causing urinary tract infections.	the capacity of 453 escherichia coli strains to agglutinate erythrocytes and yeast cells and to attach to human urinary tract epithelial cells was tested. the strains were isolated from the urine of patients with acute pyelonephritis, acute cystitis, or asymptomatic bacteriuria and from the stools of healthy school children. three main patterns of hemagglutination were found: (i) mannose-resistant agglutination of human erythrocytes alone or simultaneously with mannose-sensitive agglutination of ...	1981	7012012
bestatin, a new immunomodulator, enhances migration and phagocytosis of human granulocytes in vitro.	bestatin, which is a chemically well-defined immunomodulator, was tested for its capacity to change certain functions of human granulocytes from healthy donors in vitro. pretreatment of granulocytes with bestatin enhanced their spontaneous migration as well as their migration in the presence of chemotactic stimuli. moreover, bestatin treatment augmented the ingestion of yeast particles but it did not change the oxidative metabolism of the cells as measured by their capacity to reduce nitroblue t ...	1981	7012355
bioautography of carnitine derivatives: compounds in human semen possessing biological activity for a carnitine-requiring mutant of the yeast, torulopsis bovina.		1981	7199405
phorbol ester effect on differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cell lines blocked at different stages of maturation.	the control of differentiation by tumor-promoting phorbol diesters including 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) was investigated using cells from human myeloid leukemia lines and sublines that were blocked at different stages of maturation. the myeloid leukemia cells that were blocked at the myeloblast-promyelocyte stage of maturation (kg-1, hl-60, and ml-3) had a prominent response when cultured with tpa. the cells became adherent, developed pseudopodia, displayed macrophage characteris ...	1981	6936077
autoantibodies specific to beta-2-microglobulin inhibit the fc receptor-dependent phagocytosis of human monocytes.	effect of anti-beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) antibodies was investigated on the in vitro fc and c3 receptor dependent phagocytic capacity of human peripheral monocytes. both rabbit and human anti-beta2m antibodies inhibit the fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis. anti-beta2m antibodies do not influence the spontaneous or c3b receptor-mediated ingestion. the inhibitory activity by human autoantibodies but not by rabbit anti-human beta2m antibodies was diminished when incubation was performed at 37 de ...	1981	6168573
immune-enhanced phagocytic dysfunction in pulmonary macrophages infected with parainfluenza 1 (sendai) virus.	cultured alveolar macrophages infected with parainfluenza 1 (sendai) virus were treated with specific antiviral immune serum and their phagocytic activity for opsonized erythrocytes (ea), candida krusei, and staphylococcus epidermidis quantitated. membrane fc receptor and candida binding activity were unaffected by the viral infection. in contrast, the virus infection decreased the phagocytic ingestion of ea. the addition of immune serum induced new phagocytic defects in that the treatment of vi ...	1981	6272617
different nucleotide changes in the large rrna gene of the mitochondrial dna confer chloramphenicol resistance on two human cell lines.	the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) in the region coding for the 3' end of the large rrna has been determined for two human cell lines bearing independent cytoplasmic chloramphenicol-resistant (cap-r) mutations. comparison of the sequences of these two phenotypically different cap-r mutants with their cap-sensitive (cap-s) parental cell lines has revealed a single base change for each in a region which is highly conserved among species. one cap-r mutation is associated with ...	1981	6273808
the primary structure of the saccharomyces cerevisiae gene for 3-phosphoglycerate kinase.	the dna sequence of the gene for the yeast glycolytic enzyme, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk), has been obtained by sequencing part of a 3.1 kbp hindiii fragment obtained from the yeast genome. the structural gene sequence corresponds to a reading frame of 1251 bp coding for 416 amino acids with no intervening dna sequences. the amino acid sequence is approximately 65 percent homologous with human and horse pgk protein sequences and is in general agreement with the published protein sequence for ...	1982	6296791
cc-1065 (nsc 298223), a novel antitumor agent that interacts strongly with double-stranded dna.	cc-1065, a novel antibiotic produced by streptomyces zelensis, was active against several experimental tumors in vivo and a broad spectrum of human tumor cells in vitro. this report describes its biological and biochemical effects of l1210 leukemia cells. cc-1065 is one of the most cytotoxic agents known. the concentrations required for a 50 and 90% inhibition of cell growth are 0.02 and 0.05 ng/ml, respectively. it is about 400 times more cytotoxic than was adriamycin. the action of cc-1065 is ...	1982	6174220
a novel repeated element with z-dna-forming potential is widely found in evolutionarily diverse eukaryotic genomes.	by southern blotting and hybridization analysis using 32p-labeled poly(dt-dg) . poly(dc-da) as a probe, we have found, in eukaryotic genomes, a huge number of stretches of dt-dg alternating sequence, a sequence that has been shown to adopt the z-dna conformation under some conditions. this sequence was found in all eukaryotic genomes examined from yeast to human, indicating extraordinary evolutionary conservation. the number of the sequence ranged from about 100 in yeast to tens of thousands in ...	1982	6755470
[evaluation of the toxicity of new sources of protein for human nutrition].		1982	6760972
[comparative effect of a single or continuous administration of "saccharomyces boulardii" on the establishment of various strains of "candida" in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice].	saccharomyces boulardii became established in the digestive tract of monoxenic mice; the number of viable cells ranged around 10(7.5) per gram faeces. this yeast was drastically eliminated from the digestive tract of gnotoxenic mice harbouring a complex flora of human origin. in monoxenic mice harbouring s. boulardii, candida albicans became established at a level equivalent to that observed in monoxenic mice harbouring c. albicans alone. if gnotoxenic mice received a concentrated suspension of ...	1982	6762128
[phagocytosis measurement in hodgkin's disease and non-hodgkin lymphoma-patients with a new radiometric assay (author's transl)].	a new radiometric assay for measurement of phagocytosis of opsonized saccharomyces cerevisiae by human mononuclear cells and granulocytes is presented. this assay based upon the incorporation of 75se-l-selenomethionine of the extracellular yeast cells after the ingestion step without a separation procedure for intracellular and extracellular microorganisms. therefore the assay is objective, not time consuming and convenient for clinical application. after standardization of the method, in a prel ...	1982	6214175
subunit 1 of cytochrome oxidase from neurospora crassa: nucleotide sequence of the coding gene and partial amino acid sequence of the protein.	a partial protein sequence (223 residues) of cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 from neurospora crassa has been established. the nucleotide sequence of a cloned mitochondrial dna segment, including the structural gene coding for the mature subunit 1 (co i locus) was determined. in contrast to the situation in yeast, the co i locus in n. crassa is not interrupted by long intervening sequences. a polypeptide of 555 residues with a mol. wt. of 61 000 has been deduced from the reading frame established by ...	1982	6327266
adherence of candida albicans to human vaginal epithelial cells: inhibition by amino sugars.	in vitro adherence of candida albicans to human vaginal epithelial cells was studied, aimed at identifying the surface components involved in this binding. the inhibitory effect of yeast cell wall components and their constituents on the adherence of yeasts to epithelial cells was tested. only chitin, its hydrolysate derivative and n-acetylglucosamine, the constituent of chitin, acted as inhibitors. binding was also inhibited by the amino sugars glucosamine and mannosamine, while none of the oth ...	1982	7037496
gm1 ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of heat-labile enterotoxin produced by human and porcine escherichia coli strains.	human and porcine enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli were cultivated in tryptone-yeast extract medium or brain heart infusion broth and tested for production of heat-labile enterotoxin by the gm1 ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gm1-elisa) and the y1 adrenal cell assay. when testing for enterotoxigenicity by the gm1-elisa technique, homologous antisera for human and porcine heat-labile enterotoxins had to be used to detect enterotoxigenic strains of human and porcine origi ...	1982	7040450
the primary structure of human erythrocyte copper/zinc superoxide dismutase: cleavage with staphylococcus aureus protease, determination of the n-terminal blocking group and location of the disulfide bond.	results obtained after digestion of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from human erythrocytes with s. aureus protease are described. in particular, peptides soluble in alkaline conditions proved essential for completing the determination of the primary structure of the enzyme; other peptides were important for establishing the amidation state of dicarboxylic amino acid residues and for confirming controversial sequences. the human enzyme is acetylated at the nh2 terminus and contains an intrasubu ...	1982	7045030
isolation of a bile salt sulfatase-producing clostridium strain from rat intestinal microflora.	bile acid sulfates, formed in human and rat livers, are desulfated by the intestinal microflora. in our study we first isolated from conventional rat feces an unnamed bacterium, termed strain s1, which desulfated the 5 beta-bile salt 3 alpha-sulfates in vitro and in vivo after association with gnotobiotic rats. strain s1 also possessed 12 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and bile salt-deconjugating activities. the strain was a strict anaerobic, co2-requiring, gram-negative, sporeforming rod an ...	1982	7055372
variability of cell wall composition in paracoccidioides brasiliensis: a study of two strains.	a human isolate (ivic pb73) of paracoccidioides brasiliensis and a mutant strain (ivic pb219) derived from pb73 were studied with regard to their cell wall composition. differences were found between these strains and the only other strain (ivic pb9) previously studied from this point of view. besides the expected beta-1,3-linkages, beta-1,2-bonds were also found in the alkali-insoluble glucan of both the parental and the mutant strains in the yeast forms, a rather uncommon linkage in fungal glu ...	1982	7064046
suppression of natural killing in vitro by monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes: requirement for reactive metabolites of oxygen.	natural killer cells spontaneously lyse certain tumor cells and may defend against malignancy. we have previously shown that natural killing (nk) by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) is suppressed in vitro by phorbol diester tumor promoters, including 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa). we here demonstrate that suppression of nk is mediated by monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) and that suppression is dependent on the generation of reactive forms of molecular o ...	1982	7076851
antibodies to two major chicken heat shock proteins cross-react with similar proteins in widely divergent species.	three of the proteins induced by heat shock of chicken embryo fibroblasts have been purified, and rabbit antibodies have been raised against them. these antibodies have been used in radioimmune precipitation reactions and in a solid-phase immune assay to detect antigenic material in non-heat-shocked chicken tissues and in extracts of widely different species ranging from yeast to mammalian tissue culture cells and human erythrocyte ghosts. antibodies to two of the major chicken heat shock protei ...	1982	7110134
isolation and characterization of a single-stranded specific endoribonuclease from ehrlich cell nucleoli.	an endoribonuclease which cleaves only single-stranded rna has been purified from nucleoli of ehrlich ascites tumor cells. the molecular weight of the ribonuclease is 50,000 to 52,000 as estimated from sedimentation in glycerol density gradients and by gel filtration on sephadex g-100. the endoribonuclease requires mg2+ or mn2+ (0.2 mm) for optimum activity. monovalent cations including k+, na+, and nh+4 are inhibitory. the ribonuclease gave an apparent km for single-stranded rna of 30 microm. u ...	1982	7142216
increased reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by human blood monocytes following post-operative radiation therapy for breast cancer.	reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by blood monocytes was significantly increased following post-operative radiation therapy for breast cancer. attachment and ingestion of yeast particles by monocytes was not affected. exposure of purified monocytes in vitro to 13 gy did not significantly affect nbt reduction of yeast particle attachment, whereas ingestion of yeast particles was slightly increased.	1982	7149650
large granular lymphocytes: morphological studies.	large granular lymphocytes from normal human blood were enriched by centrifugation on discontinuous percoll density gradients. their capacity for natural killing, but not for phagocytosis of yeast cells, was demonstrated. large granular lymphocytes are characterized in electron microscopy by their fine structure, especially by typical granules and by inclusions of tubular structures in a parallel array. their lymphocyte nature is supported by activity of acid-alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase and ...	1982	7151855
[identification of yeast-like fungi in the hospital laboratory].	although candida albicans is a major pathogen yeast, various similar species and genus are responsible for illness in human beings. therefore, it is necessary to find a practical and efficient system for the identification of these pathogenic microorganisms. the authors propose a valid scheme for this purpose.	1982	7186644
[problems concerned with microbial mutagenicity tests].	mutagenicity tests using microorganisms are the salmonella-typhimurium test (ames), the test with a polymerase a deficient escherichia coli, the saccharomyces cerevisiae d3 system and the neurospora crassa test. differences in results of ames-test may be due to differences preserving the tester strains, the choice of solvent and the dosage of the test compounds, last not least is the production of s-9. the polymerase a deficient escherichia coli system seems easier to handle than the saccharomyc ...	1982	6461834
isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against the dna repair enzyme uracil dna glycosylase from human placenta.	a series of monoclonal antibodies has been prepared against the base excision repair enzyme uracil dna glycosylase isolated from human placenta. spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with purified human placental uracil dna glycosylase were fused with either p3x63 ag8.653 or sp2/0 myeloma cells. hybridomas producing antibodies directed against the placental glycosylase were identified in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. each positive hybridoma was cloned twice by limit dilution and tested ...	1983	6577457
non-acidic pyrazoles: inhibition of prostaglandin production, carrageenan oedema and yeast fever.	prostaglandin production from mouse peritoneal macrophages was elicited by the tumour promoter 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (tpa). the inhibitory potency (ic50) of metamizole and its major metabolites as well as other non-acidic pyrazoles was defined in this system. a reliable ic50-value could not be assigned to metamizole. isopropylaminophenazone was as active as acetylsalicylic acid while aminophenazone and methylaminophenazone, the major metabolites of metamizole, were about 10 times ...	1983	6604402
[in vitro anti-fungal activity of the econazole-ornidazole combination (1:10 ratio)].	the antifungal activity of econazole-ornidazole combination (ratio 1:10) has been evaluated against 90 strains of candida spp. recently isolated from a clinical environment. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) has been determined by a dilution broth method in test tube with mycophil broth (b.b.l) at ph 7.00 and drug concentrations ranging from 800 micrograms/ml to 0.2 microgram/ml. by the same technics it has been determined the ph influence of growth medium, human serum and fungal inoculum ...	1983	6639779
preclinical toxicology studies with acyclovir: genetic toxicity tests.	acyclovir (acv), an antiviral drug active in the treatment of oral and genital herpes infections, has been evaluated for mutagenic and carcinogenic potential in a battery of in vitro and in vivo short-term assays. negative results were obtained in the following in vitro tests: ames salmonella, plate incorporation and preincubation modification assays; e. coli pola+/pola- dna repair; yeast (s. cerevisiae d4) gene conversion; chinese hamster ovary cells (hgprt, aprt loci and ouabain-resistance mar ...	1983	6662301
radiometric-microbiologic assay of niacin using kloeckera brevis: analysis of human blood and food.	kloeckera brevis, a yeast, was used as the test organism for the development of a radiometric-microbiologic (rma) assay for niacin. the assay was determined to be sensitive to the 2 ng niacin per vial level and specific for the biologically active forms of this vitamin. the method was shown to be simple, accurate, and precise in the analysis of niacin in human blood and food. the application of the radiometric technique eliminates some of the problems encountered with conventional turbidimetric- ...	1983	6686256
lack of genotoxic properties of the hair-dye component n-methyl-amino-2-nitro-4-n',n'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-aminobenzene, in mammalian cells in vitro, and in yeasts.	n-methyl-amino-2-nitro-4-n',n'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-aminobenzene is a hair-dye ingredient. its potential ability to induce gene mutations, in the yeast s. pombe and in cultured mammalian ch-v79 cells, mitotic gene conversion in the yeast s. cerevisiae, and unscheduled dna synthesis in cultured human hela cells was evaluated. the chemical proved unable to induce detectable genotoxic effects according to these tests. the present data, together with others that show that the chemical is not mutagen ...	1983	6402693
the influence of growth media on the morphology and in vitro adherence characteristics of gram-negative urinary pathogens.	we studied the adherence of 3 groups of gram-negative urinary pathogens, grown in different culture media, to human uroepithelial cells obtained from healthy females (controls) and from female patients with recurrent urinary tract infection, using an in vitro adhesion assay and electron microscopy. morphologic examination and mannose sensitivity testing of the uropathogens grown in urine showed that they expressed extracellular structures similar to those found in infected urine in vivo. however ...	1983	6403715
differentiation between attached and ingested immune complexes by a fluorescence quenching cytofluorometric assay.	immune complexes attached to and ingested by human polymorphonuclear (pmn) cells were quantified by cytofluorometry using a fluorescence quenching assay which permits differentiation between attachment and ingestion. the fluorescence intensity decreased after ingestion as a result of the low ph in the phagolysosomes. when extracellular ph was lowered a slight decrease in phagolysosomal ph was detected in macrophages but not in pmn. when measuring total fluorescence, interaction at ph 5.8 for pmn ...	1983	6406600
characterization of three aminopeptidases purified from human placenta.	three aminopeptidases purified from the human placenta were characterized and compared with each other. aminopeptidase ii1 preferred l-arginine- and l-lysine-beta-naphthylamides or p-nitroanilides as substrate, with low or negligible hydrolysis of other amino acid derivatives. it was inhibited by l-arginine, l-lysine and l-methionine. this enzyme activity was highly sensitive to heat treatment, n-ethylmaleimide, p-chloromercuribenzoate, puromycin, bestatin, epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid (eaca) an ...	1983	6424106
activation of free fatty acids in subcellular fractions of human skeletal muscle.	in human pathology little is known about the activating enzymes for fatty acids of different carbon chain length. in order to have a better insight into disorders of lipid metabolism in human skeletal muscle, we studied the distribution of acyl-coa synthetases in muscular subcellular fractions. we find that in muscle mainly long chain fatty acids are activated to coa esters. distribution of palmityl-coa synthetase in subcellular fractions compared with marker enzymes suggested that this enzymati ...	1983	6225030
sequence analysis of mitochondrial dna in a mouse cell line resistant to chloramphenicol and oligomycin.	a mouse l-cell line, designated 111-ob3, is described which is resistant to two drugs, chloramphenicol and oligomycin. the cells contain two types of mitochondrial dna molecules, in roughly equal proportions, which differ in that one is cleaved by endonuclease ecori at a novel site within the coding sequence for subunit 6 of the mitochondrial atpase (atpase-6). sequence analysis reveals that the cleavage site was created by a single transversion which predicts a replacement of valine in the wild ...	1983	6227806
modulation of candida albicans attachment to human epithelial cells by bacteria and carbohydrates.	the effects of carbohydrates (mannose and dextrose). escherichia coli 07kl. and klebsiella pneumoniae on candida albicans attachment to epithelial cells was studied. dextrose had no effect on yeast attachment to epithelial cells. conversely, mannose significantly decreased both yeast and piliated bacterial attachment (e. coli 07kl, heavily piliated k. pneumoniae) whereas having no effect on nonpiliated k. pneumoniae attachment to epithelial cells. the number of yeasts attaching to epithelial cel ...	1983	6132878
induced maturation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, hl-60, by 2-beta-d-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide.	the new synthetic nucleoside analogue, 2-beta-d-ribofuranosylselenazole-4-carboxamide, was evaluated for its effects upon the growth and maturation of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, hl-60. at a concentration of greater than or equal to 1 nm, this agent was found both to decrease hl-60 cell proliferation and to cause the cells to acquire an ability to phagocytose opsonized yeast and to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium dye, functions characteristic of mature myeloid cells. in addition, th ...	1983	6138039
effects of immunostimulants on the in vitro generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes against cervical cancer cell lines.	human peripheral blood lymphocytes were sensitized in vitro against cervical cancer cell lines and the effect of immunostimulants, such as bcg, streptococcal preparation (ok-432), yeast cell wall, and concanavalin a, on the generation of cytotoxic lymphocytes was examined. the cytotoxic activity of sensitized lymphocytes was augmented by the addition of ok-432 (0.01 ke/ml) during in vitro sensitization, but the induction of sensitized lymphocytes was inhibited by the addition of yeast cell wall ...	1983	6381820
genetic toxicity of methyl methanethiosulfonate on salmonella typhimurium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and nicotiana tabacum.	the genetic toxicity of methyl methanethiosulfonate (mmt), a hydrolytic derivative of the insecticide methomyl, or lannate (du pont), was studied in salmonella typhimurium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and nicotiana tabacum. at low concentrations, a lethal action was observed in all 3 models. nuclear genetic effects of the product were not detected on the xanthi x nc 95 hybrid of n. tabacum or on the diploid strain d7 of s. cerevisiae. at the cytoplasmic level, an effect on chloroplasts was observed ...	1983	6343857
killer system: a simple method for differentiating candida albicans strains.	the killer effect of 37 species of candida, cryptococcus, hansenula, pichia, rhodotorula, saccharomyces, and trichosporon on 100 candida albicans isolates of human and animal origin was studied. all of the c. albicans cultures were sensitive to one or more killer yeasts. the factors affecting the killer phenomenon on c. albicans were investigated for realizing a simple system for the differentiation of the 100 c. albicans isolates. by using this system, it was possible to differentiate up to 512 ...	1983	6345575
factors influencing the reactivity of legionella antigens in immunofluorescence tests.	we examined several factors for their effects on the serological reactivity of legionella antigens used for direct or indirect fluorescent-antibody tests. these factors included media, methods of killing, strain differences, and the nature of the reactivity with diverse human sera. the maximum serological reactivities were obtained with charcoal-yeast extract agar; the relative antigenicity of cells grown on a chemically defined medium could be fourfold less than those grown on the charcoal-yeas ...	1983	6345580
the complete amino acid sequence of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase.	the complete amino acid sequence of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase, comprising 415 residues, was determined. the sequence of residues 1-173 was deduced mainly from nucleotide sequence analysis of a series of overlapping fragments derived from the relevant portion of a 2.95-kilobase endonuclease-hindiii-digest fragment containing the yeast phosphoglycerate kinase gene. the sequence of residues 174-415 was deduced mainly from amino acid sequence analysis of three cnbr-cleavage fragments, and from p ...	1983	6347186
a simple and rapid flow cytometric method for routine assessment of baker's yeast uptake by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	a new method for measuring uptake of baker's yeast (by) by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) using flow cytometry is described. the method correlates excellently with the visual method, is reproducible and provides a means for investigating the early phases of the phagocytic process as well as the phagocytic capacity of pmn. this quick and accurate method allows the counting of large numbers of cells, and monitoring of the process of particle uptake and has a considerable potential in the ...	1983	6348165
antibody-dependent leukocyte killing of cryptococcus neoformans.	cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated, yeast-like fungus which is pathogenic for man. the role of various facets of the immune response which prevent disseminated disease in most normal hosts is unclear. a chromium-release assay was developed using radiolabeled cryptococci to reexamine antibody-dependent cell-mediated killing of this fungus. for a small capsule strain this assay served as a qualitative measure of effector cell function and was correlated with an assay of lethal injury to th ...	1983	6350455
photobiological activity of suction blister fluid from patients treated with 8-methoxypsoralen.	suction blister fluid was collected from normal human volunteers before (sbf) and 2 h after (sbf 8-mop) oral 8-methoxypsoralen (0.6 mg/kg) ingestion without irradiation. in sbf 8-mop the concentration of 8-mop was 150 ng/ml, and fluorescent metabolites were also present. the toxicity of sbf 8-mop was then determined with and without uv-a irradiation in the diploid strain d7 of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae which is suitable for the detection of lethal, mutagenic and recombinogenic events. i ...	1983	6354243
isolation and purification of morphogenic autoregulatory substance produced by candida albicans.	the human pathogenic, dimorphic fungus candida albicans produces in vitro a factor designated morphogenic autoregulatory substance (mars) which suppresses yeast to mycelial transition. mars is best produced when a high concentration of yeast cells (2 x 10(8)/ml) in a chemically defined medium is incubated at 37 degrees c for 9-15 h. mars was isolated to apparent homogeneity by the following successive steps: charcoal absorption; pyridine elution; ether extraction; high pressure liquid chromatogr ...	1983	6358202
15n-labelled yeast protein--a valid tracer for calculating whole-body protein parameters in infants: a comparison between [15n]-yeast protein and [15n]-glycine.	the validity of [15n]-glycine and 15n-labelled yeast protein as tracers for investigating the parameters of nitrogen metabolism in man was studied by comparisons of each tracer in three infants on different diets. both tracers were administered with the food as a single oral dose of 0.2 mmol 15n-excess nitrogen per kg body weight. cumulative 15n-excess excretion in the urine was measured by emission spectrometry and a three-compartment model was used to calculate the pool sizes by computer. in a ...	1983	6360963
prospective comparison of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefaclor in treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections.	patients with acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections were treated with either amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (a-c) in fixed combination or cefaclor for 10 days in a prospective randomized comparison. the a-c group included 29 women and 1 man (mean age, 25.5 years), and the cefaclor group included 35 women and 1 man (mean age, 24.9 years). the cure rates were 26 (87%) of 30 with a-c and 26 (72%) of 36 with cefaclor (p greater than 0.20). there was one failure in each group, each caused by an ...	1983	6362553
effect of interferon on human neutrophilic granulocytes.	the in vitro influence of interferon (ifn) on various functions of human neutrophilic granulocytes was investigated. it was observed that the attachment and engulfment of opsonized yeast particles by human neutrophilic granulocytes were enhanced after preincubation in vitro with ifn for 30 min. the same result was obtained whether the particles were opsonized with fresh normal serum (complement) or with specific antibodies. however, after incubation of the granulocytes with ifn for 3 h the phago ...	1983	6362847
in vitro suppression of myelopoiesis by adherent murine splenocytes in experimental disseminated histoplasmosis.	supernatant culture media obtained from adherent spleen cell preparations of mice experimentally infected with histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells suppressed in vitro growth of human myeloid cells. this suppression was significantly greater than that obtained when splenocytes from normal mice or those inoculated with killed yeast cells were used. the use of indomethacin partially blocked this suppressive effect. a direct relationship was observed between the levels of prostaglandin e (pge) per 10 ...	1983	6829705
legionella oakridgensis: unusual new species isolated from cooling tower water.	we describe a new species of legionella represented by 10 strains isolated from industrial cooling towers. legionella oakridgensis differed genetically from the other seven species of legionella in dna hybridization studies and differed serologically in direct fluorescent-antibody tests. the new species, unlike all other species except l. jordanis, did not require added l-cysteine for growth in serial transfer on charcoal-yeast extract agar. l. oakridgensis, as well as three other species tested ...	1983	6830217
effect of transfer rna from various sources on placental messenger rna translation.	poly(a+)-containing mrna from human term placenta was used to direct protein synthesis in a nuclease-treated rabbit reticulocyte lysate, which is dependent on mrna and trna for maximal activity. the major protein product was human pre-placental lactogen (hpl). addition of trna from rabbit liver, rabbit reticulocyte, human first trimester and term placenta, human liver and yeast resulted in 2-5-fold stimulation of [35s]methionine incorporation into total protein. although all mammalian trna incre ...	1983	6832470
secretion of human interferons by yeast.	plasmids were constructed to direct synthesis of the human interferons ifn-alpha 1, ifn-alpha 2, and ifn-gamma in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. expression of ifn genes containing coding sequences for secretion signals resulted in the secretion of ifn activity. a large proportion of the ifn-alpha 1 and ifn-alpha 2 isolated from the yeast cell growth media had the same amino termini as the natural mature interferons, suggesting a removal of the signal sequences identical to that of human cel ...	1983	6186023
type i and type ii keratins have evolved from lower eukaryotes to form the epidermal intermediate filaments in mammalian skin.	we have traced the evolutionary origins of keratin-like sequences to the genomes of lower eukaryotes. the proteins encoded by these genes have evolved to form the intermediate filaments that comprise the backbone of vertebrate skin cells. two related but distinct types of keratins encoded by two separate multigene subfamilies are expressed in the epidermal keratinocytes of vertebrate species from fish to human. both at the level of protein and at the level of dna, these two classes of keratins a ...	1983	6193525
growth and filament production of pityrosporum orbiculare and p. ovale on human stratum corneum in vitro.	when pityrosporum orbiculare and p. ovale were incubated with stratum corneum epithelial cells, suspended in phosphate-buffered saline for 90 min at 37 degrees c, short filaments were produced in 11-17.5% of the yeast cells. a successful culture of p. orbiculare and p. ovale on human stratum corneum in vitro is described. when the stratum corneum pieces were incubated for 5 days in an environment with 7% co2, a picture resembling that seen microscopically in tinea versicolor was observed. filame ...	1983	6197836
detection of autonomous replicating sequences (ars) in the genome of epstein-barr virus.	epstein-barr virus (ebv) dna was analyzed for the presence of autonomous replicating sequences (designated ars) in a eukaryotic system consisting of a uracil auxotroph of saccharomyces cerevisiae, ynn27, and a pbr322 hybrid plasmid, yip5, containing the yeast uracil gene but apparently lacking a eukaryotic origin of replication. cloned ebv dna ecori restriction fragments, a, b, and dijhet, were judged to function in this capacity by their ability to convert ynn27 cells to the uracil phenotype af ...	1983	6302669
high affinity esterification of eicosanoid precursor fatty acids by platelets.	we have examined the relative rates of uptake of several fatty acids into washed, human platelets by measuring incorporation into cellular phospholipids. in the presence of 15 microm fatty acid-free albumin and with radioactive fatty acid concentrations of 5-500 nm, esterification into phospholipid was linear with time and platelet concentration and saturable with respect to fatty acid concentration. two distinct classes of uptake rate were observed. arachidonate and 5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoa ...	1983	6308046
influence of yeast mannan on release of myeloperoxidase by human neutrophils: determination of structural features of mannan required for formation of myeloperoxidase-mannan-neutrophil complexes.	structural features of mannan which participate in the formation of myeloperoxidase-mannan-neutrophil complexes have been studied by using a battery of structurally modified mannans. mannan was isolated from saccharomyces cerevisiae x2180 wild type and modified by strong alkaline degradation, selective (mild) alkaline degradation, and selective acetolysis. mannose oligosaccharides bound to the peptide portion of mannan appeared to be required for binding of mannan to the neutrophil. the interact ...	1984	6319284
characterization of human chromosomal dna sequences which replicate autonomously in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	we have characterised two restriction fragments, isolated from a "shotgun" collection of human dna, which function as autonomously replicating sequences (arss) in saccharomyces cerevisiae. functional domains of these fragments have been defined by subcloning and exonuclease (bal 31) deletion analysis. both fragments contain two spatially distinct domains. one is essential for high frequency transformation and is termed the replication sequence (rs) domain, the other, termed the replication enhan ...	1984	6320114
myeloperoxidase modulates the phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes. studies with cells from a myeloperoxidase-deficient patient.	patients lacking the primary granulae enzyme, myeloperoxidase (mpo), do not usually show any increased susceptibility to infection or altered inflammatory response, in contrast to several other biochemical defects in polymorphonuclear neutrophils. we have now evaluated the role of mpo on phagocyte function in a patient with complete mpo deficiency suffering from generalized pustular psoriasis. we found that the mpo-deficient neutrophils showed enhanced phagocytosis (greater than 200% of normal) ...	1984	6321554
sequence homology and structural similarity between cytochrome b of mitochondrial complex iii and the chloroplast b6-f complex: position of the cytochrome b hemes in the membrane.	the amino acid sequences of cytochrome b of complex iii from five different mitochondrial sources (human, bovine, mouse, yeast, and aspergillus nidulans) and the chloroplast cytochrome b6 from spinach show a high degree of homology. calculation of the distribution of hydrophobic residues with a "hydropathy" function that is conserved in this family of proteins implies that the membrane-folding pattern of the 42-kilodalton (kda) mitochondrial cytochromes involves 8-9 membrane-spanning domains. th ...	1984	6322162
functional maturation of membrane potential changes and superoxide-producing capacity during differentiation of human granulocytes.	the alterations of stimulus-induced membrane potential changes, superoxide (o2-)-producing capacity and phagocytic activity during differentiation of human granulocytes were investigated in the human leukemia cell lines hl-60 and kg-1 differentiating in vitro and in human leukemic granulocytes obtained from chronic myelogenous leukemia patients. hl-60 cells incubated with dimethyl sulfoxide or with retinoic acid showed progressively increasing o2- production as well as membrane potential changes ...	1984	6200501
synthesis, secretion and processing of alpha-factor-interferon fusion proteins in yeast.	a gene fusion consisting of 960 base pairs of 5'-flanking region of the yeast mf alpha 1 gene, 257 base pairs coding for alpha-factor prepro sequence, and a modified human ifn-alpha 1 gene was constructed. mat alpha cells containing the chimeric gene synthesized and secreted active ifn-alpha 1 into the growth medium. the secreted interferon molecules contained the last 4 amino acids of alpha-factor prepro sequence and the amino acids encoded by the dna modifications introduced at the beginning o ...	1984	6083547
secretion of foreign proteins from saccharomyces cerevisiae directed by alpha-factor gene fusions.	fusions between the cloned yeast alpha-factor structural gene and chemically synthesized dna segments encoding human protein analogs have been constructed. the gene fusions encode hybrid proteins that include the first 89 amino acids of the native alpha-factor precursor fused to either a small (beta-endorphin, 31 amino acids) or large (alpha-interferon, 166 amino acids) foreign protein. proteolytic cleavage sites involved in alpha-factor maturation from the native precursor immediately precede t ...	1984	6089194
age-related changes in camp and cgmp levels during phagocytosis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.	alterations of cyclic nucleotides have been studied during the incorporation of opsonized yeast cells into human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnl) from both young and aged subjects. in pmnls obtained from healthy young males the camp level rose to a maximal value during the first 15 min and returned to the starting level at the 60th min of phagocytosis. the cgmp level started to rise only at the 30th min of incorporation and enhanced progressively up to the 120th min. in contrast, the elevated ...	1984	6092792