Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| influence of antibody treatment of campylobacter jejuni on the dose required to colonize chicks. | this study was designed to clarify the role of antibodies in controlling chicken colonization by campylobacter jejuni. cecal colonization by c. jejuni was compared after the organism was exposed either to phosphate-buffered saline, normal rabbit serum, rabbit hyperimmune anti-c. jejuni serum, or anti-c. jejuni antibodies extracted from chicken bile. antibodies from chicken bile were extracted by affinity absorption against outer-membrane proteins from the challenge organism. sera were heated 1 h ... | 1990 | 2241686 |
| influence of host lineage on cecal colonization by campylobacter jejuni in chickens. | the resistance to cecal colonization by campylobacter jejuni was assessed by challenging three crossbred stocks of commercially available broiler chickens. these three stocks, designated a, b, and c, were related as follows: offspring from four pedigreed grandparent flocks were used as progenitors. stock b was derived by cross-breeding grandparent 1 with grandparent 3. stocks a and c were crossbreeds from grandparents 1 and 2 and grandparents 3 and 4, respectively. campylobacter jejuni were gava ... | 1990 | 2241687 |
| [the pathogenicity of campylobacter jejuni as a monoinfection and as a mixed infection with escherichia coli 078:k80 in broilers]. | two week old broilers (n = 61) with a monoinfection with campylobacter jejuni (0.5 ml of suspension containing 10(5) cfu/ml per os) showed reduced increase in weight during week 3 after infection compared to the control group. an other group of chickens (n = 31) was additionally infected with a suspension of escherichia (e.) coli o78:k80 via drinking water from day 4 to 6 after the primary infection. this mixed infection provoked clinical signs of a disease and reduced increase in weight during ... | 1990 | 2241888 |
| fecal contamination of shanty town toddlers in households with non-corralled poultry, lima, peru. | we used direct observer techniques to measure the frequency with which toddler-aged children were contaminated by poultry feces in homes in a peri-urban shanty town in lima, peru. the mean number of fowl was 5.4 (sd 3.1), with 10.0 (sd 10.7) poultry defecations per 12 hours. toddlers' hand contact with poultry feces occurred a mean of 2.9 (sd 3.0) times/12 hours. a mean of 3.9 (sd 4.6) feces-to-mouth episodes per household/12 hours occurred both by direct hand-to-mouth contamination and indirect ... | 1990 | 2297055 |
| production and characterisation of campylobacter jejuni enterotoxin in a synthetic medium and its assay in rat ileal loops. | a synthetic medium for production of campylobacter jejuni enterotoxin was developed for the purposes of its purification by modifying syncase medium, replacing sucrose with glucose, and supplementing with 0.025% sodium pyruvate, 0.25% sodium metabisulphite, 0.001% ferric chloride and 0.1% l-cysteine, adjusted to ph 6.7. culture filtrates of a human diarrhoeal and a chicken isolate, grown in this medium caused fluid accumulation ranging between 0.50-0.70 ml/cm of rat ileal loop. the kinetics of t ... | 1990 | 2323551 |
| a further study of the epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni infections. | epidemiological data on notifications of campylobacter jejuni infections is given for the christchurch health district area. the number of notifications rose steadily to a peak of 883 cases in 1987 (rate 261 per 100,000 population). christchurch shows consistently higher rates than the rest of new zealand. peak incidence is in the 0-4 age group; there is a high incidence amongst males and in rural areas; peak incidences in spring/summer; occupational risks have not been identified; chicken consu ... | 1990 | 2342690 |
| campylobacter jejuni in poultry giblets. | a total of 200 poultry giblets, 50 each of chickens, ducks, squab and turkeys, were examined for the presence of campylobacter jejuni. in chicken giblets, c. jejuni was isolated from gizzards, hearts, livers and spleens with incidences of 28%, 10%, 40% and 16% respectively while 24%, 6%, 36% and 10% of duck gizzards, hearts, livers and spleens were positive for the organism, respectively. c. jejuni was detected in 6% of squab gizzards, in 10% of squab livers but failed to be detected in squab he ... | 1990 | 2346069 |
| serogroups of campylobacter jejuni from man and animals. | a total of 186 campylobacter strains from aborted calf and sheep fetuses, from scouring dogs, rabbits and man, and from retailed poultry were isolated and examined biochemically and serologically for heat stable antigens. immune sera were produced in rabbits against penner reference strains from 1 to 60, and against two field isolates. out of 186 biochemically tested strains 179 (96.2%) proved c. jejuni and only 6 (3.2%) c. coli. one strain has been identified as c. laridis. in cattle and sheep ... | 1990 | 2402970 |
| virulence of campylobacter jejuni for chicken embryos is associated with decreased bloodstream clearance and resistance to phagocytosis. | the 11-day-old chicken embryo has been shown to be a useful animal model for comparing the virulence of human isolates of campylobacter jejuni. virulence in this system is associated with the ability to invade the chorioallantoic membrane and to survive and proliferate in vivo. in this study, the survival and multiplication of c. jejuni in the embryonic host was investigated. it was possible to enhance the virulence of a relatively avirulent c. jejuni strain by passaging it intravenously through ... | 1991 | 2004823 |
| the use of plasmid profiles and nucleic acid probes in epidemiologic investigations of foodborne, diarrheal diseases. | the application of nucleic acid analyses to investigations of infectious disease outbreaks has resulted in useful molecular strain markers that distinguish the epidemic clone of a particular pathogen and help identify specific vehicles of infection. we have successfully used plasmid profile analysis, restriction endonuclease digestion of plasmid and whole-cell dnas, and nucleic acid hybridization to investigate recent outbreaks of foodborne diarrheal illness. plasmid analysis has been important ... | 1991 | 2018708 |
| identification of thermotolerant campylobacter species from poultry using an enzyme-labelled oligonucleotide dna probe. | a commercially available enzyme-labelled dna probe for human campylobacter strains has been tested and also found to hybridize with dna from c. jejuni and c. coli isolates from poultry. dna from 11 enteric, non-campylobacter organisms, included in the test as negative controls, failed to hybridize with the probe indicating that the probe might be used for identification of campylobacter from poultry too. | 1991 | 2049289 |
| potential sources of campylobacter species in the homes of farmworkers in zimbabwe. | chicken faeces, houseflies, household stored drinking water, cooked or prepared foods and handwashings of people of all age groups and hands of children under 5 years old were examined as potential sources and transmission routes of campylobacter species in a farmworker community. campylobacter species were found to be common in chicken faeces collected from the homesteads of the farmworkers but were rarely isolated from houseflies or household stored drinking water. they were not isolated from ... | 1991 | 1758009 |
| recovery of injured campylobacter jejuni cells after animal passage. | sixteen freeze-thaw-injured nonculturable stocks of campylobacter jejuni were passed through rat gut, and seven were reisolated. these reisolated strains were converted to toxin producers, as they were before preservation, following consecutive passages through rat gut. this observation indicated the existence of an injured, viable, but nonresuscitated form of c. jejuni which can be resuscitated to a culturable and fully virulent form by passaging the organism through a susceptible host. | 1991 | 1781696 |
| isolation of campylobacter from livers of broiler chickens with and without necrotic hepatitis lesions. | injured and normal livers from broiler chickens sent to slaughter plants were collected for bacterial examination. a total of 223 macroscopically abnormal livers and 50 normal livers were received. forty-seven thermophilic campylobacter isolates were obtained from the livers with necrotic lesions; 39 isolates were identified as campylobacter jejuni and eight as c. coli. in normal livers, six c. jejuni isolates were obtained. c. jejuni biotype 2 was the most common isolate recovered from injured ... | 1991 | 1786003 |
| phagocytosis and intracellular killing of campylobacter jejuni by elicited chicken peritoneal macrophages. | in vitro phagocytosis and intracellular survival of campylobacter jejuni (strains b540 and clin 1) in chicken peritoneal macrophages were studied. macrophages were induced with sephadex g-50 and harvested 48 hr later by peritoneal lavage. the extent of phagocytosis over time was determined by enumerating the intracellular c. jejuni after removal of extracellular c. jejuni with gentamicin. pre-incubation of c. jejuni with antiserum generally enabled the macrophages to ingest greater numbers of ce ... | 1991 | 1786008 |
| the effect of lactic acid sprays on campylobacter jejuni inoculated onto poultry carcasses. | spraying poultry carcasses with 1% lactic acid 10 min after inoculation with campylobacter jejuni, resulted in a significant reduction in the number of the bacteria after 4 h at 4 degrees c. some of the inoculated cells, however, survived for at least 144 h. spraying 10 min after inoculation with 2% lactic acid, totally eliminated all inoculated c. jejuni within 24 h. on the other hand, spraying 24 h after inoculation, with either 1% or 2% lactic acid did not eliminate all the bacteria. inoculat ... | 1991 | 1818508 |
| rates of detection of salmonella and campylobacter in meats in response to the sample size and the infection level of each species. | pork, beef and chicken meat samples were collected from slaughter houses, poultry-processing plants and meat shops. rates of incidence of salmonella spp., campylobacter jejuni and c. coli with respect to the sample size were compared and the most probable number for these species were determined. salmonella spp. were detected in 69 (24.1%) of 286 chicken meat samples, in three (3.2%) of 94 pork samples, and in one (1.9%) of 52 beef samples. with chicken meat, the rates of detection were: 19.9% i ... | 1991 | 1863527 |
| simultaneous colonization of campylobacter jejuni and salmonella typhimurium in day-old chicks. | day-old chicks were challenged with campylobacter jejuni or salmonella typhimurium or both to assess the influence of these two bacteria upon the colonization of one another. median colonization dose (cd50), a measure indicating the number of organisms required to colonize one-half of the challenged chickens, was used to assess the influence of these organisms upon the colonization of one another. chicks were gavaged with serial dilutions of 1) c. jejuni, 2) s. typhimurium, 3) dilutions of c. je ... | 1991 | 1876560 |
| comparison of preston agar and a blood-free selective medium for detection of campylobacter jejuni in food. | the present collaborative study compares recovery of campylobacter jejuni from food in 2 agar media. six laboratories analyzed 8 samples each of chicken liver inoculated with campylobacter jejuni. samples were enriched in preston broth and isolation was carried out on preston agar (pa) and campylobacter blood-free selective medium (cbfs), a charcoal-based medium with cefoperazone and amphoteracin as antibiotic supplements. there was no difference in the recovery rate between the 2 agar media; ho ... | 1991 | 1917811 |
| comparative study of colonizing and noncolonizing campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni a74/o and a74/c are congenic strains. an oral dose of 10(5) organisms of strain a74/c colonizes chicken intestines. strain a74/o, from which a74/c is derived, does not colonize the chicken intestines with an oral dose of 10(5) organisms. in this study, the congenic bacteria were compared to identify possible colonization mechanisms. differences were not observed in plasmid content or by hindiii, pst i, acc i, hincii, ava i, ava ii, xba i, and bamhi restriction enzyme digesti ... | 1991 | 1952344 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of campylobacter spp. in chicken products by using the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after a short enrichment culture was used to detect campylobacter spp. in chicken products. after the 16s rrna gene sequence of campylobacter jejuni was determined and compared with known sequences from other enterobacteria, a primer and probe combination was selected from the region before v3 and the variable regions v3 and v5. with this primer set and probe, 426-bp fragments from c. jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari could be amplified. the d ... | 1992 | 1282312 |
| [studies of outer membrane protein profiles by sds-page for campylobacter jejuni in an epidemiological investigation]. | the characteristics of outer membrane protein profiles of 41 strains of campylobacter jejuni from various sources by sds-page was studied. seven and nine omp patterns were differentiated respectively by the presence or absence of six outer membrane protein bands and by the number and size of the molecular weight of the major protein bands. comparing the omp patterns of the strains from human with those from animals, the authors inferred that chickens and other animals might be one of the sources ... | 1992 | 1298718 |
| [result of the refinement of a technique for the isolation and identification of campylobacter from food commodities]. | campylobacter jejuni has been researched in raw milk, skin and excrement of chicken. all milk samples are negatives but 66% of chicken skin and 12% of chicken excrements are positives. an enrichment phase using brucella broth added with horse blood and antibiotics is necessary. | 1992 | 1309139 |
| profiles of toxin production by thermophilic campylobacter of animal origin. | seventy-five strains of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, which were isolated from a variety of animal species, primarily poultry, were examined for production of toxin. polymyxin extracts were tested in in vitro assays using cho-ki, fcl (foetal calf lung), vero, hela and cef (chicken embryo fibroblast) cells. the toxic effects observed were cell rounding and death. extracts from almost all c. jejuni and c. coli strains were toxic to both cho-ki and fcl cells and 69.0% of c. jejuni isolates and ... | 1992 | 1313623 |
| mannose-resistant haemagglutination by campylobacter jejuni--a preliminary communication. | ten strains of c. jejuni each isolated respectively from patients with diarrhoea and from chicken intestine (10 strains from each source) were examined for presumptive colonization factor(s) by measuring their cell surface hydrophobicity and haemagglutination. none of the strains expressed cell surface hydrophobicity. however, 14 strains (7 from either source) showed variable haemagglutination pattern with human, sheep and rabbit erythrocytes in the presence of 0.5 per cent d-mannose. thus, mann ... | 1992 | 1398807 |
| competitive exclusion of campylobacters from poultry with k-bacteria and broilact. | the competitive exclusion (ce) product (broilact) which is effective against salmonellas, was found to be inactive against campylobacters. microecological concepts were applied in the search of a new competitive flora and two novel strains ('k-bacteria') were isolated. these strains resembled campylobacters but differed from them in morphology, enzyme profiles (api), cellular fatty acid profiles and when tested with a ribosomal rna hybridization probe (gene-trak). two-week laboratory trials on b ... | 1992 | 1419531 |
| prevalence, biotypes, plasmid profile and antimicrobial resistance of campylobacter isolated from wild and domestic animals from northeast portugal. | the incidence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in wild and producing animals has been studied to evaluate their importance as potential reservoirs of campylobacter infection. these organisms were isolated from: 59 chicken (60.2%), 65 swine (59.1%), 31 black rats (57.4%), 61 sparrows (45.5%), 21 ducks (40.5%), 32 cows (19.5%) and 27 sheep (15.3%). biotypes, plasmid and resistance profiles were studied in order to characterize the isolates. biotypes i and ii of c. jejuni were predomi ... | 1992 | 1429305 |
| reduction of campylobacter jejuni colonization of chicks by cecum-colonizing bacteria producing anti-c. jejuni metabolites. | cecum-colonizing bacteria were isolated from campylobacter jejuni-free white leghorn (gallus domesticus) laying hens and screened for the ability to produce anti-c. jejuni metabolites. nine isolates were obtained that possessed this characteristic. the peroral administration of the nine isolates as a mixture (ca. 10(9) per chick) to 1-day-old chicks was followed 1 week later by peroral inoculation of campylobacter jejuni (ca. 10(9) per chick) to determine if the cecal isolates could protect chic ... | 1992 | 1610187 |
| study on the epidemiology and control of campylobacter jejuni in poultry broiler flocks. | broiler flocks are frequently infected with campylobacter jejuni. the origin of the infection is still unclear. the question of whether colonization of flocks results from transmission of c. jejuni from breeder flocks to progeny (vertical transmission) or from environmental sources (horizontal transmission) remains to be answered. therefore, in this study samples were taken from successive broiler flocks in two broiler houses (house a on farm a and house b1 on farm b) as well as from the environ ... | 1992 | 1622265 |
| distribution and numbers of campylobacter in newly slaughtered broiler chickens and hens. | if campylobacter is present in the intestinal tract, broiler carcasses become extensively contaminated during the slaughter process. to determine the distribution and numbers of campylobacter jejuni/coli in newly slaughtered broiler chickens and hens, a total of 100 birds from six campylobacter-positive flocks were sampled at three swedish processing plants. campylobacters were isolated in 89% of neck skins, 93% of peritoneal cavity swab samples and in 75% of subcutaneous samples. muscle samples ... | 1992 | 1622758 |
| production of enterotoxin and cytotoxin in campylobacter jejuni strains isolated in costa rica. | the production of toxins by 79 strains of campylobacter jejuni isolated in costa rica from children with campylobacter-induced diarrhoea (44 strains) and from chickens (35 strains) was studied. an enterotoxic effect giving a rounding of mouse adrenocortical tumour (y1) cells, which could be neutralised with antitoxin against escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin, was detected in supernates from 16 (62%) of 26 strains from children with watery diarrhoea, in 5 (28%) of 18 strains from children ... | 1992 | 1625311 |
| pathogenicity of campylobacter jejuni for turkeys and chickens. | a campylobacter jejuni isolate obtained from a turkey liver, designated c101, and a c. jejuni isolate obtained from the feces of a chicken, designated c111, were used to inoculate their respective hosts. isolate c101 depressed weight gain by 20% when inoculated into newly hatched poults or 4-day-old poults. it also caused death, hepatic necrosis, and generalized hemorrhages in turkey embryos. the chicken-derived isolate, c111, did not reduce weight gain in newly hatched chicks, but it did induce ... | 1992 | 1627109 |
| lack of colonization of 1 day old chicks by viable, non-culturable campylobacter jejuni. | seven strains of campylobacter jejuni, isolated from various sources [human (n = 2), chicken (n = 3), water (n = 2)], were studied under starvation conditions in filter-sterilized and pasteurized surface water by acridine orange direct count (aodc), viable count (dvc) and culture methods. plate counts showed a rapid decline (2 log-units/day) for all strains under these conditions. only one of the seven strains (14%) showed a (prolonged) viable, non-culturable 'state'. the ability of these viable ... | 1992 | 1644708 |
| the significance of campylobacter jejuni infection in poultry: a review. | campylobacter is a significant cause of enterocolitis in consumers of undercooked poultry meat. campylobacter jejuni is the most significant of the three thermophilic campylobacter species, and is responsible for intestinal colonization in poultry and food-borne enteritis in humans. generally, c. jejuni is apathogenic in poultry, although newly hatched chicks and turkeys may develop a transient diarrhoea following infection. modern intensive poultry production favours the introduction of infecti ... | 1992 | 18670933 |
| use of a 45 kda protein in the detection of campylobacter jejuni. | two techniques, both using the 45 kilodalton (kda) outer membrane protein of campylobacter jejuni to detect the presence of c. jejuni are described. the first technique describes a novel approach in the production of monospecific antiserum against a 45 kda c. jejuni protein. c. jejuni was lysed, electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gel and blotted on to a polyvinyldifluoride (immobilon-p) membrane. the membrane was stained with 0.01% coomassie blue, then destained to visualize protein bands. the 45 ... | 1992 | 18670982 |
| application of a dna-dna hybridization method for detection of campylobacter jejuni in chicken feces. | a direct colony hybridization method was used for the detection of campylobacter jejuni in chicken feces. the biotin-labeled dna prepared from the whole genome dna of c. jejuni subsp. jejuni atcc 33560 reacted well with homologous dna and slightly with c. coli dna. the method with the probe was found to be sensitive enough to detect a small number (10(2) cfu/g) of c. jejuni in chicken feces which contained a large number of background flora. it was suggested that this simple and sensitive method ... | 1993 | 8117799 |
| [isolation of campylobacter jejuni atcc 29428 from inoculated fried pork meat and roasted chicken]. | the human gastroenteritis caused by campylobacter jejuni in some industrialized countries is higher than gastroenteritis produced by salmonella and shigella. this has induced the development of techniques to demonstrate the presence of the microorganism in different foods using some culture media combinations. there is not a method to isolate c. jejuni from roasted chicken and fried pork meat, which are popular foods in méxico. the sensitivity of two culture media combinations was compared: rama ... | 1993 | 8140332 |
| efficacy of filter types for detecting campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in environmental water samples by polymerase chain reaction. | a previously developed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of a target region in the flaa campylobacter flagellin gene was evaluated and adapted for use with environmental water samples. the ability to detect campylobacter jejuni or campylobacter coli in seeded water samples was tested with various filters after concentration and freeze-thaw lysis of the bacterial cells. a nonradioactive probe for the amplified flagellin gene fragment detected as little as 1 to 10 fg of genomic dna and ... | 1993 | 8285708 |
| colonization of chicks by motility mutants of campylobacter jejuni demonstrates the importance of flagellin a expression. | campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 contains two flagellin genes, flaa and flab. wild-type (wt) bacteria express flaa only, but flab can be expressed under certain conditions. we have determined the importance of flagella for colonization of the avian caecum, which appears to be the natural environment for these bacteria. mutants in which flaa or flab, or both had been inactivated, and motility variants, were investigated. flagella are not a requisite for colonization, but mutants lacking both fla ... | 1993 | 8360610 |
| a cytotoxicity test for the detection of campylobacter jejuni toxin. | a 7-h 51cr-release cytotoxicity assay has been developed to detect the presence of campylobacter jejuni toxin in the culture supernatant. some of the culture supernatants have cytotoxic effects against labeled chicken lymphocytes, while some others do not have this effect. there is no direct correlation between the pathogenicity of the organisms and the presence of the toxin. the supernatant of c. jejuni retains its cytotoxicity after heating at 100 degrees c for 10 min.; therefore, it is a heat ... | 1993 | 8362493 |
| frequency and enterotoxigenicity of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli in domestic animals in pakistan as compared to sweden. | domestic and wild animals have been considered to be the most common reservoirs of campylobacter for human infections. this study has been conducted to establish the frequency and enterotoxigenicity of c. jejuni and c. coli in the stools of domestic animals in a developing versus a developed country. faecal samples of 300 chickens and laying hens, 102 horses, 180 cows, 92 goats and sheep were collected from pakistan and sweden. the hippurate hydrolysis test and cho-cell test were performed for s ... | 1993 | 8429572 |
| effect of host lineage on the virulence of campylobacter jejuni/coli in the chick embryo model. | the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) inoculated chick embryo model was used to study the effect of host lineage on the virulence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. ld50 values were used to compare the susceptibilities of chick embryos from eight inbred chicken lines to infection by four strains of c. jejuni and one strain of c. coli. differences in susceptibility were found between inbred chicken lines. these were shown not to be due to maternal antibody status, nor transfer of antibo ... | 1993 | 8454192 |
| the role of management systems in the epidemiology of thermophilic campylobacters among poultry in eastern zone of tanzania. | a total of 255 samples of droppings collected from a total of 22 different poultry units were examined for the presence of thermophilic campylobacters and the isolates biotyped using skirrow's protocol. the organisms were isolated from 90 (35.3%) of all samples. among the 22 units investigated, 13 (59%) were found to have unsatisfactory management systems, while 7 (32%) and 2 (9%) were found to have unsatisfactory and good systems respectively. significantly large numbers of isolations, 68 of 14 ... | 1993 | 8472771 |
| colonization of broiler chickens by waterborne campylobacter jejuni. | chickens on a broiler farm in southern england were found to be colonized with campylobacter jejuni of a single serotype, lior 1 penner 4. the farm was the sole supplier of a local slaughterhouse associated with a campylobacter outbreak in 1984 caused by this serotype. the serotype persisted on the farm for at least 18 months after the outbreak; its prevalence in the human population served by the farm remained high until it disappeared from the farm in 1986. the possible sources and routes of t ... | 1993 | 8476300 |
| incidence and control of campylobacter in foods. | campylobacter jejuni is known as the most common human enteropathogen in developed countries. the epidemiology of the organism has now been adequately determined and indicates that campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease. pets, water, and contaminated foods are the main sources of sporadic infections in humans, and no single animal food source can be excluded as a potential vehicle for infection of humans. the available information indicates that 50 to 70% of cases of enteritis in man are assoc ... | 1993 | 8484918 |
| heat-labile and heat-stable haemolysins of campylobacter jejuni. | during studies on the virulence mechanisms of campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates it became apparent that some strains produced one or more haemolysins and some did not. there was no great difference between group c (cholera-like) strains and group d (dysentery-like) strains. the protein haemolysin(s) showed a spectrum of activity against erythrocytes from different animals; with maximum activity against rabbit and minimal activity against chicken erythrocytes. the results suggested a two-sta ... | 1993 | 8499897 |
| role of campylobacter jejuni flagella as colonization factors for three-day-old chicks: analysis with flagellar mutants. | campylobacter jejuni, an important cause of human gastrointestinal infection, is a major food-borne pathogen in the united states and worldwide. since poultry becomes colonized and/or contaminated during the early stages of production and is a major food-borne source for this organism, we studied the role of c. jejuni flagella on the ability of the bacterium to colonize the chicken gastrointestinal tract. three-day-old chicks were orally challenged with a motile wild-type strain of c. jejuni in9 ... | 1993 | 8517729 |
| the colonization of broiler chickens with campylobacter jejuni: some epidemiological investigations. | between june 1990 and july 1991, broiler chickens from 49 flocks from 23 farms were examined for the carriage of campylobacter jejuni at slaughter. thirty-seven flocks (76%) were campylobacter-positive. prevalence of campylobacter-colonization was not associated with any of a variety of factors such as water source and broiler house floor structure. there was also no apparent seasonal variation in carriage. investigations on one farm indicated that dipping boots in disinfectant before workers en ... | 1993 | 8519325 |
| an in-vitro meat model for the immediate bactericidal effect of lactic acid decontamination on meat surfaces. | an in-vitro model of the lactic acid decontamination (lad) of meat is described. as lad is a disinfection rather than a preservation process the model is based on the inactivation kinetics of bacteria in a suspension of pork skin. the model takes account of interfering factors present in nature, such as microbial interactions, leaching of organic material from the meat surfaces and buffering activity. | 1994 | 8144404 |
| mucosal competitive exclusion to diminish colonization of chickens by campylobacter jejuni. | mucosal competitive exclusion flora (mce) and length of mce culture storage were studied to determine their influence upon colonization of campylobacter jejuni in chickens. day-of-hatch broiler chicks, held in isolation units, were treated with mce or were left untreated. thirty to 48 h later, groups of chicks were challenged with serial dilutions of c. jejuni (strain a74/c). single challenge doses and treatments were administered to chickens within each isolation unit. after 5 d, chicks were ki ... | 1994 | 8177818 |
| experimental colonization of mice with campylobacter jejuni. | the ability of one human and two chicken strains of campylobacter jejuni to colonise and survive in three different strains of laboratory mice (nmri, cba and c57-black) was studied. mice were inoculated orally with campylobacter jejuni and faeces samples were cultured at regular intervals during the following months. the length of colonisation of mice differed between mouse strains but also between campylobacter strains. the mouse strain c57-black was not colonised with c. jejuni to the same deg ... | 1994 | 7801521 |
| flagellin gene polymorphism analysis of campylobacter jejuni infecting man and other hosts and comparison with biotyping and somatic antigen serotyping. | flagellin gene sequence polymorphisms were used to discriminate amongst 77 strains of campylobacter jejuni from sporadic and outbreak-associated human enteric infections, and from chickens, sheep and calves. the results were assessed in relation to lior biotyping and serotyping (penner somatic antigens). eight dna pcr-rflp patterns (genotypes) were identified by analysis of hinfi fragment length polymorphisms in flagellin gene (flaa) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products. one genotype (f-1) w ... | 1994 | 7925661 |
| development of a tissue culture assay system for campylobacter jejuni cytotoxin and the influence of culture conditions on cytotoxin production. | a tissue culture assay system to detect campylobacter jejuni cytotoxin was developed, and the effect of culture conditions on cytotoxin production was examined. broth-culture filtrates from clinical isolates were used. the expression of cytotoxicity was dependent on the presence of serum in the culture medium. although the titre of cytotoxin was low, the greatest cytotoxicity was revealed when newborn calf (ncs), adult bovine or goat serum was added to minimum essential medium. moderate or weak ... | 1994 | 7932615 |
| persistent, recurring diarrhea in a colony of orangutans (pongo pygmaeus) caused by multiple strains of campylobacter spp. | a colony of 10 orangutans (pongo pygmaeus) experienced persistent, recurring diarrhea caused by multiple infections with campylobacter jejuni and c. coli. infections appeared to have occurred through several mechanisms, including fecal-oral transmission between orangutans, and possibly transmission by houseflies contaminated with the organisms from nearby chicken feces. among the 14 fecal and environmental c. jejuni isolates, 4 different antibiotic susceptibility profiles were detected; there we ... | 1994 | 7942349 |
| a survey of campylobacter jejuni in broilers from assignment to slaughter using dna-dna hybridization. | a survey of campylobacter jejuni in the cecal contents of broilers raised on a farm was carried out by the dna-dna hybridization method from the day of assignment to slaughter at about 1-week intervals. c. jejuni was detected in chickens as early as 1 week of age, and was widely detected at each week of age throughout the growing period. in addition, of 20 chickens tested just after assignment, 7 (35%) were c. jejuni positive. it is suggested that newly introduced chickens may have already been ... | 1994 | 7999894 |
| inhibition of campylobacter jejuni colonization in chicks by defined competitive exclusion bacteria. | campylobacter enteritis in humans has been linked to consumption of chicken. reducing campylobacter jejuni colonization in chickens can potentially reduce campylobacter infections in humans. in this study, the reduction of c. jejuni colonization in chicks by oral administration of defined competitive exclusion (ce) cultures, 2.5% dietary carbohydrates, or ce cultures and carbohydrates was examined. prevention, elimination, or direct challenge of campylobacter infection was simulated by administe ... | 1994 | 8017915 |
| effect of ionizing dose rate on the radioresistance of some food pathogenic bacteria. | food pathogenic bacteria including listeria monocytogenes (1a1 and atcc 19111), staphylococcus aureus (gd13 and atcc 13565), escherichia coli o157:h7 (atcc 35150), salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and campylobacter jejuni were exposed to various rates of ionizing radiation (0.78, 2.6, and 22 kgy/h) emitted by three different 60co irradiators. d10 values (d10 is the radiation dose required to eliminate 90% of a bacterial population (one logarithmic cycle r ... | 1994 | 8069779 |
| [beta-lactamases of campylobacter spp. and their use as epidemiologic markers]. | the tests of 64 clinical strains of campylobacter jejuni and 69 strains isolated from hens revealed beta-lactamases in 96.99 per cent of the cultures. the detected enzymes more frequently splitted oxacillin and ampicillin among 5 betalactams used as the substrates (ampicillin, azlocillin, oxacillin, cefoperazon and cefotaxime). on the whole 24 spectra of the beta-lactamase activity with the evident domination of the amazoxcfpctx spectrum (29.69 per cent) were detected in both the clinical strain ... | 1994 | 7695448 |
| adhesion activity of campylobacter jejuni for intestinal epithelial cells and mucus and erythrocytes. | live and formalin- or heat (100 degrees c, 30 min)-treated cells of campylobacter jejuni strains y6878 and y6817, and the supernatant of the heat-treated bacterial suspension had agglutinating activity for the intestinal epithelial cells of japanese quails and human (int407). among the erythrocytes derived from 7 animal species (human, horses, sheep, rabbits, mice, chickens, and quails), only rabbit erythrocytes were agglutinated by live and glutaraldehyde-, formalin-, or heat-treated cells of 1 ... | 1994 | 7696403 |
| occurrence of plasmids and tetracycline resistance among campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from whole market chickens and clinical samples. | twenty whole market chickens, purchased from 10 different stores in the taipei metropolitan area, were examined for the presence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. the microorganisms were recovered from 95% of the chickens. a survey of different sites on--breast, thigh and tail--showed that contamination was equally common on all these sites. one hundred and sixty-seven chicken isolates and the 41 clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni were examined for the occurrence of plasmid ... | 1994 | 7703010 |
| detection of the coccoid form of campylobacter jejuni in chicken products with the use of the polymerase chain reaction. | detection of the coccoid form of campylobacter jejuni with the use of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was examined. coccoid cells of this pathogen, formed at different temperatures, showed different detection characteristics in the pcr. for spirals and cocci formed at 4 degrees c and 12 degrees c, the detection limit was about 2 x 10(3) cells/pcr. however, for detection of coccoid cells formed at 25 degrees c and 37 degrees c, at least 2 x 10(4) cells per pcr were needed. pcr was also perfor ... | 1994 | 7703020 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmid analysis of campylobacter jejuni isolated from diarrhoeal patients and healthy chickens in northern india. | seventy-five strains of campylobacter jejuni isolated from humans with diarrhoea (45 strains) and healthy chickens (30 strains) were tested for their susceptibility to different antimicrobial agents: ampicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, furazolidine and quinolones (nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin). the frequencies of resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline were 16 and 9.3% respectively. two strains (2.7%) exhibited resistance to quinolones as mentioned. one ... | 1994 | 7751568 |
| isotype, specificity, and kinetics of systemic and mucosal antibodies to campylobacter jejuni antigens, including flagellin, during experimental oral infections of chickens. | the immune response of chickens to campylobacter jejuni infection was studied as a step in the search for vaccine candidates. one-day-old chicks orally challenged with c. jejuni strain 81116 showed significant increases in specific igg, iga, and igm circulating antibodies, as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). these levels peaked at 9, 5, and 7 weeks postinfection, respectively. maternal igg antibodies were also detected over the first 2 weeks. specific mucosal igg and iga an ... | 1994 | 7526839 |
| prevalence of thermotolerant species of campylobacter and their biotypes in children and domestic birds and dogs in southern chile. | the prevalence of thermotolerant campylobacter in diarrhoeic and healthy children as well as in dogs, hens, ducks and pigeons was determined in southern chile. campylobacter were found in 34.5% of the faecal samples examined. the isolation rate of campylobacter in diarrhoeic and healthy children was 16.3% and 6.4% respectively. despite c. jejuni was always more frequent than c. coli, the latter was isolated with a high frequency (29%) from patients with diarrhoea. c. jejuni and c. coli biotypes ... | 1994 | 7569610 |
| dna diversity among isolates of campylobacter jejuni detected by pcr-based rapd fingerprinting. | a pcr-based randomly amplified polymorphic dna method was used to amplify campylobacter jejuni dna using a single oligonucleotide primer derived from either a homologous source or from mycoplasma gallisepticum. the method was able to detect the heterogeneity of amplified dna from human, chicken and turkey sources and can be used as a tool to study the epidemiology of campylobacter jejuni infection. | 1995 | 7571378 |
| effect of the complement system on the sensitivity of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to human blood serum. | we determined the sensitivity of five strains of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolated from children with diarrhea and from chicken feces to normal human blood serum (undiluted and at concentrations of 10, 30, 50 and 70%), a hypogammaglobulinemic serum and a complement-deficient serum. both species were highly sensitive to the bactericidal activity of human serum, regardless of their source. the highest bactericidal activity was observed with pooled fresh normal serum, with bacterial surviva ... | 1995 | 7581046 |
| detection of genomic variability among isolates of campylobacter jejuni from chickens by crossed-field gel electrophoresis. | digestion with sal i facilitated the subclassification of 41 strains of campylobacter jejuni into seven types, and digestion with sma i enabled subclassification into twelve types. sma i was potentially more useful for the detection of variability among the 41 strains, but both restriction enzymes seemed to be potentially useful for detecting variability among crossed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of the strains. the results clearly demonstrated that c. jejuni strains from different sources ... | 1995 | 7587375 |
| differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains by using restriction endonuclease dna profiles and dna fragment polymorphisms. | the chromosomal dna fragment patterns from a total of 169 campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from poultry and humans were analyzed by using dna restriction endonucleases clai and ecorv. the dna restriction patterns produced by clai and ecorv consisted of unique dna fragments of 9 to 9.5 kb and 3.5 kb generated with clai and a single unique fragment of 3.0 kb produced by ecorv. these patterns were obtained with all strains of c. jejuni tested. the dna restriction patterns were f ... | 1995 | 7615717 |
| campylobacter spp. in broilers on the farm and after transport. | colonization of the ceca and contamination on carcasses of chickens by campylobacter spp. was investigated. samples were taken on the farm and after transport and holding. in the first set of experiments, 20 chickens, obtained from each of 10 broiler farms, were collected from houses containing 6- to 7-wk-old birds. half of the birds were slaughtered at the farm; the other half were transported (10 birds per chicken coop) to a holding facility and killed within 16 to 18 h. the levels of campylob ... | 1995 | 7644422 |
| [infectivity of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chickens]. | the infectivity of four campylobacter (c.) jejuni strains and one c. coli strain was evaluated by the reisolation rate from cloacal swabs after oral infection of chickens at four weeks of age. one strain did not colonize the digestive tract, another infected only a part of the experimental group and a third was excreted at a lower percentage in the first two weeks p.i. compared to the other two strains. in correlation to age, the excretion rate was highest in 7-week-old birds. in groups of 4 and ... | 1995 | 7646423 |
| high-resolution genotyping of campylobacter coli identifies clones of epidemiologic and evolutionary significance. | campylobacter coli strains from clinical and other sources were examined in terms of o (heat-stabile; hs) serotype and by several molecular typing techniques. restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) around the three 16s rrna genes revealed 10 variants, none found in campylobacter jejuni. rflp analysis of a polymerase chain reaction amplicon generated from the flagellin gene (flaa) yielded 11 polymorphism groups, some of them linked to hs serotypes. enlarged flaa genes, contributing three ... | 1995 | 7561196 |
| diffusion of thermophilic campylobacter in the pesaro-urbino area (italy) from 1985 to 1992. | the results of research on the spreading of campylobacter in the pesaro-urbino area carried out from 1985 to 1992 are presented. materials of different origin were examined: 822 samples of human faeces, 533 animal rectal swabs, 192 samples of domestic sewage, 48 of river water, 96 of sea water and 632 of various types of food. two hundred and nine strains of campylobacter were isolated (9%), most of which were campylobacter jejuni (80%), with particular frequency in food products (chicken carcas ... | 1995 | 7489778 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni by means of polymerase chain reaction in chicken litter. | a routine detection assay of campylobacter jejuni was developed with the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a pair of oligonucleotide primers from the flaa of c. jejuni were used in detection by pcr. although the primer pair specifically detected c. jejuni strains, they did not detect strains of c. coli, c. fetus, salmonella spp. or escherichia coli. in litter inoculated with c. jejuni, specific detection of c. jejuni was obtained by pcr with this primer pair. | 1995 | 7756404 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphisms among the flagellar genes of the lior heat-labile serogroup reference strains and field strains of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli. | several typing systems have been described for campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, to assess the complex epidemiology of these important enteric pathogens. in the present study two typing methods, slide agglutination according to the lior scheme, and the demonstration of restriction-fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of flagellar genes, have been used in parallel on a set of 194 strains. this set comprised 118 sero-reference strains of c. jejuni and c. coli of the lior scheme, as well as 76 clin ... | 1995 | 7781730 |
| discrepancy between penner serotyping and polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting of campylobacter isolated from poultry and other animal sources. | thirty-four campylobacter jejuni or coli strains, isolated from various livestock and darkling beetles from two dutch poultry farms during different broiler production cycles, were subjected to penner serotyping and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) fingerprint analysis. ten different penner serotypes were determined in the isolates. visual scoring of the pcr fingerprints resulted in 14 clearly different profiles. some strains with identical penner serotypes exhibited different pcr fingerprints an ... | 1995 | 7786504 |
| prevalence of campylobacter enteritis in children from yaounde (cameroon). | a cross sectional study on the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni/coli and its possible aetiologic role in childhood diarrhoea in yaounde was undertaken in 272 children presenting with diarrhoea and 157 age matched controls from april 1989 to october 1990. stool cultures were performed according to standard techniques for campylobacter jejuni/coli shigella and salmonella species. rotavirus was detected using a latex agglutination test. campylobacter jejuni/coli was isolated from 21 (7,7 pc) of 2 ... | 1995 | 7788677 |
| identification of campylobacter jejuni on the basis of a species-specific gene that encodes a membrane protein. | to facilitate discrimination between the closely related enteropathogens campylobacter jejuni and c. coli, unique differences in antigenic surface structure were examined. a genomic library of c. jejuni 81116 was constructed in plasmid pbluescriptiisk- and expressed in escherichia coli k-12. rabbit hyperimmune serum raised against c. jejuni atcc 29428 recognized a clone expressing a c. jejuni 24-kda membrane-associated protein. antiserum raised against sonicated recombinant e. coli expressing th ... | 1995 | 7790451 |
| efficacy of a lactic acid/sodium benzoate wash solution in reducing bacterial contamination of raw chicken. | raw chicken wings inoculated with salmonella, campylobacter jejuni, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, or escherichia coli o157:h7 were washed in water (control) or a solution of a 0.5% lactic acid/0.05% sodium benzoate (lb) (ph 2.64) for 30 min. viable cells of pathogenic bacteria and naturally occurring psychrotrophic bacteria on wings were enumerated after 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of storage at 4 degrees c. lower populations of pathogenic and psychrotrophic bacteria were detected on ... | 1995 | 8527331 |
| effect of changes in processing to improve hygiene control on contamination of poultry carcasses with campylobacter. | examination of neck skin and caecal samples taken at a commercial processing plant from 15 randomly chosen poultry flocks showed that all flocks were contaminated initially with thermophilic campylobacter spp., even in the apparent absence of caecal carriage. during processing, numbers of campylobacter on skin samples were reduced by between 10 and 1000-fold. to improve hygiene control generally, chlorinated-water sprays were used to limit microbial contamination on equipment and working surface ... | 1995 | 8557081 |
| evaluation of a pcr based assay for specific detection of campylobacter jejuni in chicken washes. | an assay for campylobacter jejuni based on the polymerase chain reaction was developed in our laboratory and shown to be a sensitive and specific method to identify this bacterium in pure culture. this assay was evaluated as a method to rapidly detect c. jejuni attached to chicken carcasses. chicken carcasses were sampled for pcr using three methods including pre-enrichment of the washes, direct plating of the washes and differential centrifugation of the washes prior to testing. it was found th ... | 1995 | 8569769 |
| identification and characterization of an immunogenic outer membrane protein of campylobacter jejuni. | we cloned and expressed in escherichia coli a gene encoding an 18-kda outer membrane protein (omp18) from campylobacter jejuni atcc 29428. the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding omp18 was determined, and an open reading frame of 165 amino acids was revealed. the amino acid sequence had the typical features of a leader sequence and a signal peptidase ii cleavage site at the n-terminal part of omp18. moreover, the sequence had a high degree of similarity to the peptidoglycan-associated outer ... | 1995 | 8576327 |
| in ovo oral vaccination with campylobacter jejuni establishes early development of intestinal immunity in chickens. | 1. chick embryos were orally immunised at day 16 of incubation by injection of heat-killed campylobacter jejuni organisms into the amniotic fluid. the response to vaccination was observed at 5 d after hatching or, in some birds which received a postnatal oral booster vaccination, at 7 d after hatching, and the response was observed at 14 d of age. 2. the titres of antibody in serum, bile and intestinal scrapings, the distribution of immunoglobulin-containing cells in the spleen, duodenum and ile ... | 1995 | 8590089 |
| antimicrobial activity of chicken and turkey heterophil peptides chp1, chp2, thp1, and thp3. | four avian heterophil antimicrobial cationic peptides (chicken heterophil peptides 1 and 2, and turkey heterophil peptides 1 and 3) were evaluated for in vitro microbicidal activity against selected avian pathogens and human pathogens which are harbored by birds. at concentrations of 16-2 micrograms/ml, all four avian peptides effected a greater than 90% reduction in the survival of candida albicans, salmonella enteriditis, and campylobacter jejuni. none of the peptides, including the known anti ... | 1995 | 8748545 |
| in vitro studies of campylobacter jejuni/coli strains from hens and humans regarding adherence, invasiveness, and toxigenicity. | campylobacter jejuni/coli strains from hens and humans were compared for their ability to adhere to and invade hep-2-cells and for toxigenicity to cho-cells. in both hen and human strains, invasiveness was higher among non-toxigenic strains than among toxigenic ones. the frequency of adherence, invasiveness, and toxigenicity was the same in hen and human strains. | 1995 | 8719204 |
| a genetic hybrid of the campylobacter jejuni flaa gene with lt-b of escherichia coli and assessment of the efficacy of the hybrid protein as an oral chicken vaccine. | the objectives of this study were to produce campylobacter jejuni flagellin fused to the b-subunit of the labile toxin (lt-b) of escherichia coli and to assess the efficacy of the hybrid protein as a chicken vaccine. part of the flaa gene (780 base pairs) was cloned in plasmid pbeb downstream and in frame with the lt-b to allow expression of a hybrid protein. transformed e. coli chi 6097 expressed the hybrid protein (43 kdaltons) in inclusion bodies at mid log phase. the inclusion bodies were is ... | 1995 | 8719215 |
| ciprofloxacin resistant campylobacter spp. in humans: an epidemiological and laboratory study. | from the end of april 1991 until the end of 1991, 2209 isolates of campylobacter spp. have been collected in plymouth phl of which 91 (4.1%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. none of the 91 patients involved had taken a quinolone, but 30/91 (33%) had travelled abroad (16 to the iberian peninsula) in the three months preceding isolation of the ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter spp. in the case-control study 12/15 (80%) of the cases had recently consumed poultry as had 20/24 (83%) of controls w ... | 1996 | 8722540 |
| antibiotic resistance of campylobacter jejuni with reference to plasmid profiles of clinical and chicken isolates. | a total of 47 clinical isolates and 52 poultry isolates of campylobacter jejuni were characterized by their resistance to 16 antimicrobial agents and by plasmid profiles on agarose gel electrophoresis. almost all isolates were susceptible to erythromycin, chloramphenicol, gentamycin and nitrofuratoin. plasmids were detected in 19% of c. jejuni strains isolated from feces of children patients and in 36% of strains isolated from chicken. the presence of plasmid dna was not found to be correlated w ... | 1996 | 9127480 |
| increased colonization potential of campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 after passage through chickens and its implication on the rate of transmission within flocks. | the mechanisms by which campylobacter jejuni rapidly spreads through large broiler flocks are unknown. recent evidence suggests that the minimum infective oral dose for 100% caecal colonization is about 10(4) cfu, which, with such a 'fragile' organism, may limit transmissibility. however, the colonization potential of laboratory-adapted strains may be anomalous compared with fresh isolates or those passaged in vivo. the colonization potential of two chicken and one human c. jejuni isolates, whic ... | 1996 | 8760971 |
| experimental hepatitis induced by campylobacter jejuni infection in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | to establish an experimental model for vibrionic hepatitis caused by campylobacter jejuni, japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were inoculated with c. jejuni strains isolated from chicken hepatitis (bl107) and human diarrhea (hp5113). necrotic liver lesions were formed by intra-pancreaticoduodenal vein injection by which the bacteria reached the liver directly via the portal vein, but not by intra-gastric infection. these liver lesions were observed from day 1 to 7 after the infection. ... | 1996 | 8777226 |
| experimental campylobacter jejuni infection in the chicken: an animal model of axonal guillain-barré syndrome. | to develop and characterise an animal model of paralytic neuropathy after campylobacter jejuni infection. campylobacter infection precedes development of many cases of guillain-barré syndrome and is particularly associated with cases having prominent axonal degeneration. understanding the pathogenesis of guillain-barré syndrome after c jejuni infection has been slowed by the lack of animal models. | 1996 | 8795599 |
| immunisation of chickens to reduce intestinal colonisation with campylobacter jejuni. | 1. systemic and intestinal antibody titres were measured in chickens following subcutaneous, intraperitoneal (i.p.), oral (p.o.) and combined i.p./p.o. administration of antigen, in soluble, emulsified or microparticulate form. antigens tested included keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh), killed campylobacter jejuni whole cells and purified campylobacter flagellin protein. 2. the effect of immunisation with purified flagellin protein or with killed c. jejuni whole cells in reducing intestinal colon ... | 1996 | 8894221 |
| development of a rapid and specific colony-lift immunoassay for detection and enumeration of campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari. | contamination of retail poultry by campylobacter spp. is a significant source of human diarrheal disease. we have developed a colony-lift immunoassay (cli) for the detection of campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari isolated from such sources and grown on selective agar medium or on filter membranes. this technique has been successfully utilized to quantify campylobacter colonies within 18 to 28 h after sampling. hydrophobic, high-protein-binding membranes were prewet with methanol and used ... | 1996 | 8914757 |
| the magnetic immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of campylobacter in milk and poultry. | a rapid and sensitive technique, based on the magnetic immuno-polymerase chain reaction assay (mipa), was developed for the detection of campylobacter jejuni in milk and chicken products. target bacteria are captured from the food sample by magnetic particles coated with a specific antibody and the bound bacteria then lysed and subjected to pcr. the mipa could detect 420 cfu g-1 of chicken after 18 h, 42 cfu g-1 after 24 h, and 4.2 cfu g-1 after 36 h enrichment. for artificially contaminated mil ... | 1996 | 8934788 |
| microbial ecology of campylobacter jejuni in a united kingdom chicken supply chain: intermittent common source, vertical transmission, and amplification by flock propagation. | a study of campylobacter jejuni on a broiler chicken farm between 1989 and 1994 gave an estimated isolation rate of 27% (3,304 of 12,233) from a 0.9% sample of 1.44 million broiler chickens from six to eight sheds over 32 consecutive rearing flocks comprising 251 broiler shed flocks. during the study, c. jejuni was found in 35.5% of the 251 shed flocks but only 9.2% (23 of 251) had campylobacter isolates in successive flocks, with 9 of those 23 sheds having the same serotype between consecutive ... | 1996 | 8953731 |
| experimental studies on the infectivity of non-culturable forms of campylobacter spp. in chicks and mice. | the significance of non-culturable forms of campylobacter spp., especially with regard to the epidemiology of this organism in poultry flocks, was explored. two different experiments were conducted to produce non-culturable campylobacter spp. and test their ability to colonize the animal gut. in the first experiment a mixture of 28 different strains of campylobacter spp. from various sources was inoculated in both sterilized surface water and potassium phosphate buffer and stored at 4 degrees c. ... | 1996 | 8972670 |
| outer membrane characteristics of campylobacter jejuni grown in chickens. | a type of in vivo phenotype of campylobacter jejuni was obtained by maintaining bacteria in the peritoneal cavities of chickens for one week. these bacteria, which had not been subcultured on laboratory media, were used to prepare outer membranes for comparison with c. jejuni grown in vitro. flagella with subunits of 65 kda and a single porin with a protein subunit of 49 kda were expressed constitutively; however, outer membrane proteins of 55, 35 and 20 kda, and intermediate-chain lipopolysacch ... | 1996 | 8978102 |
| isolation of paramyxovirus serotype 7 from ostriches (struthio camelus). | paramyxovirus serotype 7 (pmv-7) was isolated from pooled intestinal contents of two 5-month-old ostriches (struthio camelus). the pathogenicity of the virus was comparable with lentogenic strains of newcastle disease virus (pmv-1) in chicken and chicken embryo pathogenicity tests. the relationship of the virus to the observed pathology of proliferative nonsuppurative enteritis is unknown; the campylobacter jejuni isolated was presumably the primary pathogen. to our knowledge, this is the first ... | 1996 | 8980831 |
| detection of campylobacter jejuni and camp. coli in chicken faecal samples by pcr. | pcr primers were selected from the flagellin gene sequences flaa and flab of campylobacter coli to amplify dna from camp. jejuni and camp. coli. when the pcr products were analysed by hybridization to an internal probe immobilized in microtitre wells, positive reactions were observed only for strains of camp. jejuni and camp. coli. the assay was used to analyse 31 chicken faecal samples. full correspondence was found between the pcr assay conducted on the enriched cultures and the standard cultu ... | 1996 | 8987720 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism of polymerase chain reaction products applied to the differentiation of poultry campylobacters for epidemiological investigations. | a technique for subtyping campylobacter jejuni isolates has been developed by using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products of the flaa and flab genes. the technique was validated by using strains representing 28 serotypes of c jejuni and it may also be applied to c coli. from these strains 12 distinct rflp profiles were observed but there was no direct relationship between the rflp profile and the serotype. one hundred and thirty-five camp ... | 1996 | 8685540 |
| adherence, invasion and cytotoxin assay of campylobacter jejuni in hela and hep-2 cells. | campylobacter jejuni is an important human enteropathogen worldwide. chickens are the major reservoir and source of campylobacter infection. ten clinical isolates from human and five chicken strains were tested for the adherence, invasion and cytotoxin assay in hela and hep-2 cells. all human strains adhered to both the hela (10(3) to 3 x 10(4) bacteria/ml of cell lysate) and hep-2 cells (2 x 10(3) to 4 x 10(4) bacteria/ml of lysate). all chicken strains also adhered to the hep-2 cells (10(2) to ... | 1996 | 9203788 |