Publications

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multi-enzyme co-embedded organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers: synthesis and application as a colorimetric sensor.this study reports a facile method for the synthesis of multi-enzyme co-embedded organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers, using glucose oxidase (gox) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as the organic components, and cu3(po4)2 · 3h2o as the inorganic component. the synthesized nanoflowers enable the combination of a two-enzyme cascade reaction in one step, in which the gox component of the nanoflowers oxidizes glucose to generate h2o2, which then reacts with the adjacent hrp component on the nanoflowe ...201424186239
integrating bipolar electrochemistry and electrochemiluminescence imaging with microdroplets for chemical analysis.here we develop a microdroplet sensor based on bipolar electrochemistry and electrochemiluminescence (ecl) imaging. the sensor was constructed with a closed bipolar cell on a hybrid poly(dimethylsioxane) (pdms)-indium tin oxide (ito) glass microchip. the ito microband functions as the bipolar electrode and its two poles are placed in two spatially separate micro-reservoirs predrilled on the pdms cover. after loading microliter-sized liquid droplets of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (ii)/2-(dibut ...201424140829
correlations between blood-brain barrier disruption and neuroinflammation in an experimental model of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury.abstract blood-brain barrier (bbb) disruption is a pathological hallmark of severe traumatic brain injury (tbi) and is associated with neuroinflammatory events contributing to brain edema and cell death. the goal of this study was to elucidate the profile of bbb disruption after penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (pbbi) in conjunction with changes in neuroinflammatory markers. brain uptake of biotin-dextran amine (bda; 3 kda) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp; 44 kda) was evaluated in rats at ...201424138024
target-induced self-assembly of dna nanomachine on magnetic particle for multi-amplified biosensing of nucleic acid, protein, and cancer cell.a biosensing system is established for the multi-amplified detection of dna or specific substrates of aptamers under isothermal conditions, which combines nicked rolling circle amplification (n-rca) and beacon assisted amplification (baa) with sensitive colorimetric technique by using dnazymes as reporter units. according to the configuration, the analysis of dna is accomplished by recognizing the target to capture nucleic acid-functionalized magnetic particles, followed by the self-assembly of ...201424140870
effects of intestinal bacteria-derived p-cresyl sulfate on th1-type immune response in vivo and in vitro.protein fermentation by intestinal bacteria generates various compounds that are not synthesized by their hosts. an example is p-cresol, which is produced from tyrosine. patients with chronic kidney disease (ckd) accumulate high concentrations of intestinal bacteria-derived p-cresyl sulfate (pcs), which is the major metabolite of p-cresol, in their blood, and this accumulation contributes to certain ckd-associated disorders. immune dysfunction is a ckd-associated disorder that frequently contrib ...201424161588
intracellular nogo-a facilitates initiation of neurite formation in mouse midbrain neurons in vitro.nogo-a is a transmembrane protein originally discovered in myelin, produced by postnatal cns oligodendrocytes. nogo-a induces growth cone collapse and inhibition of axonal growth in the injured adult cns. in the intact cns, nogo-a functions as a negative regulator of growth and plasticity. nogo-a is also expressed by certain neurons. neuronal nogo-a depresses long-term potentiation in the hippocampus and modulates neurite adhesion and fasciculation during development in mice. here we show that n ...201424157929
injectable 3d hydrogel scaffold with tailorable porosity post-implantation.since rates of tissue growth vary significantly between tissue types, and also between individuals due to differences in age, dietary intake, and lifestyle-related factors, engineering a scaffold system that is appropriate for personalized tissue engineering remains a significant challenge. in this study, a gelatin-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid/carboxylmethylcellulose-tyramine (gtn-hpa/cmc-tyr) porous hydrogel system that allows the pore structure of scaffolds to be altered in vivo after implantat ...201424151286
mechanisms of enhanced neutralization of botulinum neurotoxin by monoclonal antibodies conjugated to antibodies specific for the erythrocyte complement receptor.immune complexes formed between monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and toxins can neutralize toxicity in vivo by multiple mechanisms. toxin sequestration and clearance by mabs may be improved by enhancing their ability to bind to red blood cells (rbcs) through immune adherence. this can be achieved by converting the mabs to heteropolymers (hps), which are antigen-specific mabs cross-linked to mabs targeting the complement receptor (cr1), a protein that is expressed on the surface of rbcs in primates a ...201424184879
quantification of cytochrome 2e1 in human liver microsomes using a validated indirect elisa.cyp2e1 is an important cytochrome p450 isoform in many endogenous processes and in the metabolism of organic solvents, a number of drugs and pre-carcinogens. information on the abundance of the enzyme may be valuable in various types of research in the field of toxicology and pharmacology. an indirect elisa for the quantification of cyp2e1 in human liver microsomes was developed and successfully validated. all samples, including validation samples and calibrators, were diluted to a final concent ...201424184659
detection of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production by cellular nadph oxidases.the recent recognition that isoforms of the cellular nadph-dependent oxidases, collectively known as the nox protein family, participate in a wide range of physiologic and pathophysiologic processes in both the animal and plant kingdoms has stimulated interest in the identification, localization, and quantitation of their products in biological settings. although several tools for measuring oxidants released extracellularly are available, the specificity and selectivity of the methods for reliab ...201423660153
sex differences in the number and size of motoneurons innervating rat medial gastrocnemius muscle.the sex differences in the number and morphometric parameters of motoneurons in motor nuclei are poorly known. the aim of this study was to determine the differences in the number and size of alpha and gamma motoneurons of the medial gastrocnemius (mg) muscle in male and female wistar rats. retrogradely labelled cell bodies of motoneurons of 6 months old animals were studied following a bath of the proximal stump of the transected mg nerve in a horseradish peroxidase solution. the number and som ...201423617786
minimal oxidation and inflammogenicity of pristine graphene with residence in the lung.two-dimensional graphitic carbon, graphene, is a new form of nanomaterial with great potential in a wide variety of applications. it is therefore crucial to investigate the behaviour of graphene in biological systems to assess potential adverse effects that might follow from inhalation exposure. in this study we focussed on medium-term effects of graphene in lung tissue by investigating the pulmonary inflammation 6 weeks after pharyngeal aspiration of unoxidised multilayered graphene platelets ( ...201423924429
regeneration of facial nerve defects with xenogeneic acellular nerve grafts in a rat model.because of ease of harvest and low immunogenicity, xenogeneic acellular nerve graft (xang) may be an alternative to autologous nerve to repair facial nerve defects.201423729307
horseradish peroxidase-mediated encapsulation of mammalian cells in hydrogel particles by dropping.we report a method for preparation of mammalian cell-enclosing hydrogel particles through horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-catalysed hydrogelation by dropping cell-suspending aqueous solution into an aqueous coagulation solution. an aqueous solution of 10% (w/v) gelatin derivative possessing phenolic hydroxyl (ph) moieties (gelatin-ph), hepg2 cells and 10 u/ml hrp was dropped into an aqueous coagulation solution containing 1 mm h2o2. the resultant hydrogel formed through the hrp-catalysed reaction c ...201423862725
evaluation of lophine derivatives as l-012 (luminol analog)-dependent chemiluminescence enhancers for measuring horseradish peroxidase and h2o2.8-amino-5-chloro-7-phenylpyrido[3,4-d]pyridazine-1,4(2h,3h)dione (l-012) was recently synthesized as a new chemiluminescence (cl) probe; the light intensity and the sensitivity of l-012 are higher than those of other cl probes such as luminol. previously, our group developed four lophine-based cl enhancers of the horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-catalyzed cl oxidation of luminol, namely 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazole (hdi), 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-di(2-pyridyl)imidazole (hpi), 4-(4,5-diph ...201423630098
ultrastructure and synaptic connectivity of main and accessory olfactory bulb efferent projections terminating in the rat anterior piriform cortex and medial amygdala.neurons in the main olfactory bulb relay peripheral odorant signals to the anterior piriform cortex (apir), whereas neurons of the accessory olfactory bulb relay pheromone signals to the medial amygdala (mea), suggesting that they belong to two functionally distinct systems. to help understand how odorant and pheromone signals are further processed in the brain, we investigated the synaptic connectivity of identified axon terminals of these neurons in layer ia of the apir and posterodorsal part ...201423756876
food allergens are transferred intact across the rat blood-placental barrier in vivo.we investigated the mechanism of transplacental macromolecular transport in rats on the nineteenth day of pregnancy using tracers, transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. the blood-placental barrier of full-term rat placentas was composed of a trilaminar layer of trophoblast cells that separates the fetal capillaries from the maternal blood spaces: a layer of cytotrophoblasts lining the maternal blood space and a bilayer of syncytiotrophoblast surrounding the fetal capillaries ...201423475277
[a new view of estradiol biotransformation in the body. estradiol metabolism in the erythrocytes via the peroxidase reaction].the study has established that in the presence of horseradish peroxidase, estradiol was subject to oxidative destruction under the action of hydrogen peroxide via the peroxidase reaction. the stoichiometric ratio of the hydrogen peroxide consumption to estradiol oxidation is 1:1 in this peroxidase reaction. estradiol peroxidation was found to be catalyzed by methemoglobin by the same order as in case of horseradish peroxidase. based on these results and the fact that estradiol is bound to erythr ...20147950785
inactivation of horseradish peroxidase by 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine.in the presence of h2o2, horseradish peroxidase (hrp) catalyzes the one-electron oxidation of a porphyrinogenic agent, 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (ddep), leading to formation of an ethyl radical, inactivation of the enzyme, and formation of an altered heme product. the loss of heme during the inactivation of hrp was dependent on the duration of exposure to ddep as well as the concentration of h2o2 and ddep. the pseudo first order rate constant for the oxidation of ...20147696541
ph-dependent one- and two-electron oxidation of 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase.the porphyrinogenic agent 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (ddep) is known to inactivate hepatic cytochrome p450 (p450) enzymes 2c11, 2c6, and 3a1 [correia et al. (1987) arch. biochem. biophys. 258, 436-451] by different mechanisms. the inactivation of p450 2c11 and 2c6 appears to be due to the ethylation of the heme in the active sites of the enzymes [augusto et al. (1982) j. biol. chem. 257, 11288-11295], whereas the inactivation of p450 3a1 appears to involve the cova ...20147841342
effect of aqueous extract of cigarette smoke on peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes chemiluminescence.cigarette smoke induces a vast cohort of deleterious effects on biological structures. in the present paper, the effect of aqueous extract of cigarette smoke on the activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was studied. although the aqueous extract of cigarette smoke inhibits the luminol oxidation catalysed by horseradish peroxidase, it strongly interacts with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and inhibits their phorbol-induced chemiluminescence in the presence of either luminol or lucigenin. the resu ...201410862145
demonstration of ipsilateral retinocollicular projections in the tree shrew (tupaia glis).ipsilateral retinocollicular projections labeled by anterograde transport of wheatgerm agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (hrp) conjugate in the tree shrew were examined. for those animals in which this pathway was demonstrated (4 of 14) ipsilateral collicular labeling extended across approximately the anterior two-thirds of the colliculus, with the exception of the extreme rostral pole. labeling was invariably punctuate and spaced at regular intervals in the lower stratum griseum superficiale. t ...20144052767
cell lineage of zebrafish blastomeres. iii. clonal analyses of the blastula and gastrula stages.aspects of the early lineages of blastomeres in the embryo of the zebrafish, brachydanio rerio have been described. because of the optical clarity of the embryo, lineages of selected cells can be followed directly by microscopy through many cell divisions. also, it is shown here that the fluorescent molecules fluorescein-dextran and rhodamine-horseradish peroxidase can be used as cell lineage tracers, marking the clonal progeny of founding blastomeres. the labeled cells can be easily visualized ...20143972184
[amperometric sensor for recording the results of immunoenzyme analysis].a technique for quantitative determining horseradish peroxidase was developed using an amperometric sensor that makes it possible to register up to 50 pm of the enzyme in the reaction of the peroxidase oxidation of iodide ions by hydrogen peroxide. the sensor, composed of combined carbon and ag/agcl electrodes, is intended for enzyme immunoassay and may be used for registering the results in the very wells of the polystyrene plates widely used in clinics and laboratories. the dependences of the ...20143911203
the permeability of hyperplastic oral epithelium.an epithelial hyperplasia is one of the reactions of skin and oral mucosa to chemical and mechanical insult. it is usually assumed that this reaction produces a more effective epithelial barrier, but there is no information as to whether a less permeable tissue results. to examine this question, hyperplasia was induced in the cheek pouches of hamsters by either chemical treatment with 0.0025% tpa in acetone or by mechanical abrasion with a rotating mop; untreated hamsters served as controls. the ...20143925100
connections between the cerebellum and hypothalamus in the tree shrew (tupaia glis).following injections of a wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (wga-hrp) conjugate into representative areas of cerebellar cortex of tree shrew (tupaia glis) retrogradely labeled cells were found in posterior, lateral and dorsal hypothalamic areas and in the lateral mammillary nucleus. these represent monosynaptic hypothalamocerebellar cortical projections. anterogradely labeled axons were also traced into various areas of the contralateral hypothalamus subsequent to injections of wga-hr ...20143986533
the trophotaenial placenta of a viviparous goodeid fish. iii: protein uptake by trophotaeniae, the embryonic component.protein uptake and degradation by trophotaenial cells of the viviparous goodeid fish ameca splendens were studied colorimetrically and ultrastructurally using horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as a tracer and acid (acpase) and alkaline (alpase) phosphatase cytochemistry. trophotaeniae are ribbon-like external projections of the embryonic gut that are equivalent to greatly hypertrophied intestinal villi. during gestation within the ovarian lumen, trophotaeniae are directly apposed to the internal ovar ...20144067530
the kinetics of cyanide and fluoride binding by ferric horseradish peroxidase. 20144298219
draft genome sequence of pectobacterium wasabiae strain cfia1002.pectobacterium wasabiae, originally causing soft rot disease in horseradish in japan, was recently found to cause blackleg-like symptoms on potato in the united states, canada, and europe. a draft genome sequence of a canadian potato isolate of p. wasabiae cfia1002 will enhance the characterization of its pathogenicity and host specificity features.201424831134
a new stabilizing agent for the tetramethyl benzidine (tmb) reaction product in the histochemical detection of horseradish peroxidase (hrp).in this paper, an alternative procedure for the histochemical detection of hrp using amonium heptamolybdate (ahm) as a stabilizing agent and tetramethyl benzidine (tmb) as a chromogen is reported. this procedure avoids the two main problems that occur in previous methods using sodium nitroferricyanide (snf) as the stabilizer, namely, the appearance of needle-shaped crystals at non-specific anatomical sites, and intensive tissue shrinkage. a comparative study of both, the tmb-ahm and tmb-snf meth ...20143999803
cytoarchitectural fields and retinal termination: an axonal transport study of laminar organization in the avian optic tectum.the cytoarchitecture in the retinoreceptive zone of the pigeon optic tectum has been studied in nissl-stained sections taken in four planes. as suggested by a previous study, two cytoarchitectural fields are present. reconstructed views of the tectum show that the fields are separated by a narrow transition zone approximating to the tectal representation of the retina's horizontal meridian. in field 1 (which is upper and rostral), sublayer iib is wide, iic wide and trilaminate, iid narrow and ii ...20144094692
a system of parallel septa in crayfish nerve fibers.certain axons in the abdominal roots and nerve cord of crayfish contain a system of regularly spaced, parallel transverse septa with a periodicity of about 2 micro. each septum is composed of two roughly parallel membranes, separated by a gap of 150-400 a. the two membranes are frequently fenestrated by pores 550-2000 a in diameter, each occupied by a microtubule. filaments are occasionally seen bridging the gap between the microtubule and the edge of the pore. the membranes of the septa are con ...20144187704
homing behaviour of axons in the embryonic vertebrate brain.in embryonic nervous systems, growing axons must often travel long distances through diverse extracellular terrains to reach their postsynaptic partners. in most embryos, axons grow to their appropriate targets along particular tracts or nerves, as though they were following guidance cues confined to specific pathways. for example, in all vertebrates, axons from the retina invariably grow to the tectum along the well-defined optic tract. yet, transplant experiments demonstrate that retinal axons ...20143960107
cellular physiology of the turtle visual cortex: distinctive properties of pyramidal and stellate neurons.the electrophysiological properties of neurons in the three-layered dorsal cortex of the turtle, pseudemys scripta elegans, have been studied in vitro. intracellular recordings suggested two distinct classes of neuronal behavior. cell labeling with either lucifer yellow or horseradish peroxidase revealed that these behaviors correlated with the two morphological classes of cortical neurons: pyramidal cells and stellate cells. examination of golgi-stained neurons of dorsal cortex did not uncover ...20143944618
stabilization of the substrate reaction of horseradish peroxidase with o-phenylenediamine in the enzyme immunoassay.when the horseradish peroxidase reaction is stopped with acid, the decay of unconverted hydrogen peroxide is responsible for the further oxidation of o-phenylenediamine. this leads to a time-dependent flattening of the standard curve in the enzyme immunoassay, after the reaction has been stopped. addition of reducing agents, such as sulphite ions, to the stopping solution, prevents the further oxidation of o-phenylenediamine by completely reducing the remaining hydrogen peroxide. the developed c ...20143884727
screen printed carbon electrode based electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of dengue ns1 antigen.an electrochemical immunosensor modified with the streptavidin/biotin system on screen printed carbon electrodes (spces) for the detection of the dengue ns1 antigen was developed in this study. monoclonal anti-ns1 capture antibody was immobilized on streptavidin-modified spces to increase the sensitivity of the assay. subsequently, a direct sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) format was developed and optimized. an anti-ns1 detection antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase ...201426852684
[[virus-like particle-based immunoglobulin m capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of igm antibodies against chikungunya virus].to establish a macelisa method for the detection of igm antibodies against chikungunya virus (chikv), we prepared virus like particle (vlp) antigens of chikv using the whole structural protein c-e3-e2-6k-e1 encoding gene with a baculovirus expression system in sf9 insect cells. the vlps were purified and used to immunize kunming mice. then, polyclonal antibodies were purified from the samples of ascites with a protein g hitrap sp column and labeled with horseradish peroxidase. a macelisa method ...201425868272
detection of clonorchis sinensis circulating antigen in sera from chinese patients by immunomagnetic bead elisa based on igy.clonorchiasis, caused by clonorchis sinensis, is widely distributed in southeast asia including china. clonorchiasis is included in control programs of neglected tropical diseases by world health organization (who) because it is one of the major health problems in most endemic areas. diagnosis of clonorchiasis plays a key role in the control programs. however, so far, there is no satisfactory method for clonorchiasis because of low sensitivity, poor practicality and high false positivity of avai ...201425474577
revisiting the classification of curtoviruses based on genome-wide pairwise identity.members of the genus curtovirus (family geminiviridae) are important pathogens of many wild and cultivated plant species. until recently, relatively few full curtovirus genomes have been characterised. however, with the 19 full genome sequences now available in public databases, we revisit the proposed curtovirus species and strain classification criteria. using pairwise identities coupled with phylogenetic evidence, revised species and strain demarcation guidelines have been instituted. specifi ...201424463952
[effect of aur1 gene intron on the expression of inositol phosphorylceramide synthase and pathogenicity in botrytis cinerea].aur1 encoding inositol phosphorylceramide (ipc) synthase is the key enzyme for the sphingolipid metabolism in fungi. in this study, we explored the mechanism of aur1 intron on the regulation of aur1 gene expression at transcriptional and translational levels in botrytis cinerea, as well as the influence of aur1 intron on the pathogenicity.201425752137
generation of selectable marker-free transgenic eggplant resistant to alternaria solani using the r/rs site-specific recombination system.marker-free transgenic eggplants, exhibiting enhanced resistance to alternaria solani , can be generated on plant growth regulators (pgrs)- and antibiotic-free ms medium employing the multi-auto-transformation (mat) vector, pmat21 - wasabi defensin , wherein isopentenyl transferase ( ipt ) gene is used as a positive selection marker.201424311155
rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of hantavirus-specific antibodies in divergent small mammals.we assessed the utility of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of hantavirus-specific antibodies from sera of oligoryzomys longicaudatus, the principal reservoir of andes virus (andv), using an antigen previously developed for detection of antibodies to sin nombre virus (snv) in sera from peromyscus maniculatus. the assay uses a protein a/g horseradish peroxidase conjugate and can be performed in as little as 1.5 hours. serum samples from oligoryzomys longicaudatus col ...201424806874
aptamer biosensor for sensitive detection of toxin a of clostridium difficile using gold nanoparticles synthesized by bacillus stearothermophilus.a sensitive electrochemical biosensor was developed to detect toxin a (toa) of clostridium difficile based on an aptamer selected by the systematic evolution of ligands using exponential enrichment and gold nanoparticles (gnps) synthesized by bacillus stearothermophilus. the thiolated single-stranded dna used as the capture probe (cp) was first self-assembled on a nafion-thionine-gnps-modified screen-printed electrode (spe) through an au-thiol interaction. the horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-labele ...201424287407
interference of hcv replication by cell penetrable human monoclonal scfv specific to ns5b polymerase.a new class of hepatitis c virus (hcv)-targeted therapeutics that is safe, broadly effective and can cope with virus mutations is needed. the hcv's ns5b is highly conserved and different from human protein, and thus it is an attractive target for anti-hcv therapeutics development. in this study, ns5b bound-phage clones selected from a human single chain variable antibody fragment (scfv) phage display library were used to transform appropriate e. coli bacteria. two scfv inhibiting hcv polymerase ...201425517317
degradation of c-terminal tag sequences on domain antibodies purified from e. coli supernatant.expression of recombinant proteins often takes advantage of peptide tags expressed in fusion to allow easy detection and purification of the expressed proteins. however, as the fusion peptides most often are flexible appendages at the n- or c-terminal, proteolytic cleavage may result in removal of the tag sequence. here, we evaluated the functionality and stability of 14 different combinations of commonly used tags for purification and detection of recombinant antibody fragments. the tag sequenc ...201425426869
combining magnetic nanoparticle with biotinylated nanobodies for rapid and sensitive detection of influenza h3n2.our objective is to develop a rapid and sensitive assay based on magnetic beads to detect the concentration of influenza h3n2. the possibility of using variable domain heavy-chain antibodies (nanobody) as diagnostic tools for influenza h3n2 was investigated. a healthy camel was immunized with inactivated influenza h3n2. a nanobody library of 8 × 10(8) clones was constructed and phage displayed. after three successive biopanning steps, h3n2-specific nanobodies were successfully isolated, expresse ...201425328501
catalytic profile of arabidopsis peroxidases, atprx-2, 25 and 71, contributing to stem lignification.lignins are aromatic heteropolymers that arise from oxidative coupling of lignin precursors, including lignin monomers (p-coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols), oligomers, and polymers. whereas plant peroxidases have been shown to catalyze oxidative coupling of monolignols, the oxidation activity of well-studied plant peroxidases, such as horseradish peroxidase c (hrp-c) and atprx53, are quite low for sinapyl alcohol. this characteristic difference has led to controversy regarding the oxida ...201425137070
horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed formation of hydrogels from chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) derivatives both possessing phenolic hydroxyl groups.horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed cross-linking was applied to prepare hydrogels from aqueous solutions containing chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) derivatives both possessing phenolic hydroxyl groups (denoted as ph-chitosan and ph-pva, respectively). comparing the hydrogels prepared from the solution of 1.0% (w/v) ph-chitosan and 3.0% (w/v) ph-pva and that of 3.0% (w/v) ph-chitosan and 1.0% (w/v) ph-pva, the gelation time of the former hydrogel was 47 s, while was 10s longer than that of the lat ...201425037368
a high-throughput, precipitating colorimetric sandwich elisa microarray for shiga toxins.shiga toxins 1 and 2 (stx1 and stx2) from shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) bacteria were simultaneously detected with a newly developed, high-throughput antibody microarray platform. the proteinaceous toxins were immobilized and sandwiched between biorecognition elements (monoclonal antibodies) and pooled horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-conjugated monoclonal antibodies. following the reaction of hrp with the precipitating chromogenic substrate (metal enhanced 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochlo ...201424921195
stability properties of an ancient plant peroxidase.plant (class iii) peroxidases have numerous applications throughout biotechnology but their thermal and oxidative stabilities may limit their usefulness. horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme c (hrpc) has good catalytic turnover and is moderately resistant to heat and to excess (oxidizing) concentrations of hydrogen peroxide. in contrast, hrp isoenzyme a2 (hrp a2) has better oxidative but poorer thermal stability, while soybean peroxidase (sbp) displays enhanced thermal stability. intrigued by these ...201424919139
gold-ish: a nano-size gold particle-based phylogenetic identification compatible with nanosims.the linkage of microbial phylogenetic and metabolic analyses by combining ion imaging analysis with nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanosims) has become a powerful means of exploring the metabolic functions of environmental microorganisms. phylogenetic identification using nanosims typically involves probing by horseradish peroxidase-mediated deposition of halogenated fluorescent tyramides, which permits highly sensitive detection of specific microbial cells. however, the methods req ...201424702906
ultra-sensitive, high-throughput detection of infectious diarrheal diseases by portable chemiluminescence imaging.this paper describes a rapid, ultra-sensitive, and high-throughput pathogenic dna identification strategy for infectious diarrheal diseases diagnosis. this strategy is based on specific dna hybridization and horseradish-peroxidase-catalyzed chemiluminescence (cl) detection. probe dna strands are covalently immobilized on the aldehyde-group-modified slide and hybridized with biotin-modified target dna strands. horseradish-peroxidase (hrp) is then combined with the target dna via a biotin-streptav ...201424534578
phenol removal from refinery wastewater by mutant recombinant horseradish peroxidase.application of mutated recombinant horseradish peroxidase (hrp) for phenol removal from refinery effluents is reported. recombinant hrp produced in escherichia coli suffers from the disadvantage of lacking glycosylation, which affects its catalytic efficiency and stability toward inactivating parameters such as increased temperature and enhanced amounts of hydrogen peroxide. in the present study, the previously reported variant (in which asn268 was substituted with asp, n268d) with improved stab ...201424112382
a new restriction endonuclease-based method for highly-specific detection of dna targets from methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.pcr multiplexing has proven to be challenging, and thus has provided limited means for pathogen genotyping. we developed a new approach for analysis of pcr amplicons based on restriction endonuclease digestion. the first stage of the restriction enzyme assay is hybridization of a target dna to immobilized complementary oligonucleotide probes that carry a molecular marker, horseradish peroxidase (hrp). at the second stage, a target-specific restriction enzyme is added, cleaving the target-probe d ...201424831802
methylamine-sensitive amperometric biosensor based on (his)6-tagged hansenula polymorpha methylamine oxidase immobilized on the gold nanoparticles.a novel methylamine-selective amperometric bienzyme biosensor based on recombinant primary amine oxidase isolated from the recombinant yeast strain saccharomyces cerevisiae and commercial horseradish peroxidase is described. two amine oxidase preparations were used: free enzyme (amo) and covalently immobilized on the surface of gold nanoparticles (amo-nau). some bioanalytical parameters (sensitivity, selectivity, and storage stability) of the developed biosensors were investigated. the sensitivi ...201425136590
glyco-variant library of the versatile enzyme horseradish peroxidase.when the glycosylated plant enzyme horseradish peroxidase (hrp) is conjugated to specific antibodies, it presents a powerful tool for medical applications. the isolation and purification of this enzyme from plant is difficult and only gives low yields. however, hrp recombinantly produced in the yeast pichia pastoris experiences hyperglycosylation, which impedes the use of this enzyme in medicine. enzymatic and chemical deglycosylation are cost intensive and cumbersome and hitherto existing p. pa ...201424859724
engineering of pyranose dehydrogenase for increased oxygen reactivity.pyranose dehydrogenase (pdh), a member of the gmc family of flavoproteins, shows a very broad sugar substrate specificity but is limited to a narrow range of electron acceptors and reacts extremely slowly with dioxygen as acceptor. the use of substituted quinones or (organo)metals as electron acceptors is undesirable for many production processes, especially of food ingredients. to improve the oxygen reactivity, site-saturation mutagenesis libraries of twelve amino acids around the active site o ...201424614932
purification and basic biochemical characterization of 19 recombinant plant peroxidase isoenzymes produced in pichia pastoris.the plant enzyme horseradish peroxidase (hrp) is used in several important industrial and medical applications, of which especially biosensors and diagnostic kits describe an emerging field. although there is an increasing demand for high amounts of pure enzyme preparations, hrp is still isolated from the plant as a mixture of different isoenzymes with different biochemical properties. based on a recent next generation sequencing approach of the horseradish transcriptome, we produced 19 individu ...201424342173
chemiluminescence immunoassay for the rapid and sensitive detection of antibody against porcine parvovirus by using horseradish peroxidase/detection antibody-coated gold nanoparticles as nanoprobes.a rapid, simple, facile, sensitive and enzyme-amplified chemiluminescence immunoassay (clia) method to detect antibodies against porcine parvovirus has been developed. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and the detection antibody were simultaneously co-immobilized on the surface of gold nanoparticles using the electrostatic method to form gold nanoparticle-based nanoprobes. this nanoprobe was employed in a sandwich-type clia, which enables cl signal readout from enzymatic catalysis and results in sign ...201423832716
validation of an elisa for the concurrent detection of total antibodies (igm and igg) to rift valley fever virus.rift valley fever virus (rvfv) infects humans and livestock, causing haemorrhaging and abortions in animals. three major rvf epizootics have occurred in south africa since the 1950s and the outbreak in 2010 had a mortality rate of 10.7% in humans. accurate and early detection is therefore essential for management of this zoonotic disease. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been developed for the detection of either igm or igg antibodies to rvfv in animal sera. in this study, data a ...201425686466
regulation of autophagy by e3 ubiquitin ligase rnf216 through becn1 ubiquitination.autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved biological process involved in an array of physiological and pathological events. without proper control, autophagy contributes to various disorders, including cancer and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. it is therefore of vital importance that autophagy is under careful balance. thus, additional regulators undoubtedly deepen our understanding of the working network, and provide potential therapeutic targets for disorders. in this study, we found tha ...201425484083
electrochemical immunosensor for detecting the spore wall protein of nosema bombycis based on the amplification of hemin/g-quadruplex dnazyme concatamers functionalized pt@pd nanowires.in this work, an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for detecting the pebrine disease related spore wall protein of nosema bombycis (swp n.b) was fabricated based on the amplification of hemin/g-quadruplex functionalized pt@pd nanowires (pt@pdnws). the synthesized pt@pdnws possessed large surface area, which could effectively improve the immobilization amount of hemin/g-quadruplex dnazyme concatamers produced via hybridization chain reaction (hcr). in the presence of swp n.b, the hemin/ ...201424787126
sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting serum antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in fallow deer.the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is the diagnostic test most commonly used in efforts to control paratuberculosis in domestic ruminants. however, commercial elisas have not been validated for detecting antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in wild animals. in this study, we compared the sensitivities and specificities of five elisas using individual serum samples collected from 41 fallow deer with or without histopathological lesions consistent with paratube ...201424872517
dual amplified electrochemical immunosensor for highly sensitive detection of pantoea stewartii sbusp. stewartii.accurate and highly sensitive detection of pantoea stewartii sbusp. stewartii-ncppb 449 (pss) is urgently required for international shipments due to tremendous agricultural economic losses. herein, a dual amplified electrochemical sandwich immunosensor for pss detection was developed, utilizing the good specificity and low cost of electrochemical immunoassay, the favorable conductivity and large specific surface area of gold nanoparticles (au nps), and the excellent catalytic ability of and hor ...201425384268
a cellulose-based bioassay for the colorimetric detection of pathogen dna.cellulose-paper-based colorimetric bioassays may be used at the point of sampling without sophisticated equipment. this study reports the development of a colorimetric bioassay based on cellulose that can detect pathogen dna. the detection was based on covalently attached single-stranded dna probes and visual analysis. a cellulose surface functionalized with tosyl groups was prepared by the n,n-dimethylacetamide-lithium chloride method. tosylation of cellulose was confirmed by scanning electron ...201425354892
heterologous production of horseradish peroxidase c1a by the basidiomycete yeast cryptococcus sp. s-2 using codon and signal optimizations.in the present study, we attempted to improve the production of recombinant horseradish peroxidase c1a (hrp-c1a; a heme-binding protein) by cryptococcus sp. s-2. both native and codon-optimized hrp-c1a genes were expressed under the control of a high-level expression promoter. when the hrp-c1a gene with native codons was expressed, poly(a) tails tended to be added within the coding region, producing truncated messenger rnas (mrnas) that lacked the 3' ends. codon optimization prevented polyadenyl ...201424928655
diagnostic potential of anti-rncp-43 polyclonal antibodies for the detection of neospora caninum.neosporosis is a disease caused by the apicomplexan parasite neospora caninum, which is closely related to toxoplasma gondii. n. caninum infection represents an important cause of reproductive failure in sheep, goats, horses, and cattle worldwide. the diagnosis of neosporosis is based on the detection of pathogen-specific antibodies in animal sera or the presence of tissue cysts. however, morphological similarities and serological cross-reactivity between n. caninum and t. gondii can result in t ...201424310934
comparative systems biology analysis to study the mode of action of the isothiocyanate compound iberin on pseudomonas aeruginosa.food is now recognized as a natural resource of novel antimicrobial agents, including those that target the virulence mechanisms of bacterial pathogens. iberin, an isothiocyanate compound from horseradish, was recently identified as a quorum-sensing inhibitor (qsi) of the bacterial pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa. in this study, we used a comparative systems biology approach to unravel the molecular mechanisms of the effects of iberin on qs and virulence factor expression of p. aeruginosa. our s ...201425155599
prevalence of rotavirus antibodies in breast milk and inhibitory effects to rotavirus vaccines.rotavirus (rv) is the most common cause of childhood diarrhea worldwide, and several vaccines have been successfully developed to reduce the burden of disease. however, lower vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy in developing countries might be related to the virus-neutralizing activity of breast milk. we examined possible differences in breast milk antibody levels (total iga antibody, rv-specific antibodies, and rv-neutralizing antibodies) between healthy mothers living in a rural area (n=145) a ...201425668672
vaxcelerate ii: rapid development of a self-assembling vaccine for lassa fever.development of effective vaccines against emerging infectious diseases (eid) can take as much or more than a decade to progress from pathogen isolation/identification to clinical approval. as a result, conventional approaches fail to produce field-ready vaccines before the eid has spread extensively. lassa is a prototypical emerging infectious disease endemic to west africa for which no successful vaccine is available. we established the vaxcelerate consortium to address the need for more rapid ...201425483693
development of an immunosensor for the detection of francisella tularensis antibodies.tularemia, also known as rabbit fever, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease caused by a non-motile and non-spore-forming gram-negative coccoid rod bacterium, francisella tularensis. it occurs naturally in lagomorphs (rabbits and hares), but many animals have been reported to be susceptible. transmission to humans is mostly caused by inhalation of aerosolised bacteria, handling of infected animals, arthropod stings, and ingestion of contaminated foods and water. at present, pathogenic isolatio ...201424817365
electrochemical detection of francisella tularensis genomic dna using solid-phase recombinase polymerase amplification.solid-phase isothermal dna amplification was performed exploiting the homology protein recombinase a (reca). the system was primarily tested on maleimide activated microtitre plates as a proof-of-concept and later translated to an electrochemical platform. in both cases, forward primer for francisella tularensis holarctica genomic dna was surface immobilised via a thiol or an amino moiety and then elongated during the reca mediated amplification, carried out in the presence of specific target se ...201424334283
increased permeability of blood-brain barrier is mediated by serine protease during cryptococcus meningitis.to determine the role of serine protease in the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (bbb) during cryptococcus neoformans meningitis.201424398759
development of antigen capture elisa for the quantification of eiav p26 protein.an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ac-elisa) was established based on two monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for the quantification of equine infectious anemia virus (eiav). two p26-specific monoclonal antibodies were developed in mice. the mab 9h8 was coated in microtiter plates as the capture antibody; the other mab, 1g11, was coupled to horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and used as the detection antibody. the limit of detection for the eiav p26 protein was 0.98 ng/ml, and the linearit ...201425256618
construction of highly ordered polyaniline nanowires and their applications in dna sensing.a novel electrochemical active polyaniline (pani) nanowire was fabricated and utilized for the construction of a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for hepatitis b virus gene. the uniform pani nanowire was prepared by the enzymatic polymerization of aniline monomers on the amyloid-like nanofiber (ap nanowire), which was self-assembled from an aniline-attached nonapeptide, aniline-ggaaklvff (ap). the prepared pani nanowires were characterized by electron microscopy, uv-vis abso ...201424121157
development of spr biosensor for the detection of human hepatitis b virus using plasma-treated parylene-n film.a plasma-treated parylene-n film was presented for the immobilization of proteins through physical adsorption. the changes in surface properties of the parylene-n film after plasma-treatment were analyzed using contact angle microscopy and afm. to demonstrate the high protein-immobilization efficiency of the plasma-treated parylene-n film, the immobilization efficiencies of differently modified surfaces were compared using model proteins with different surface charges, such as streptavidin (pi=5 ...201424518301
[preparation, identification and application of monoclonal antibody against urease subuint b of helicobacter pylori].to prepare and characterize the monoclonal antibody (mab) against helicobacter pylori (hp) and establish a competitive elisa used for detection of hp antibodies in the sera of hp-infected patients.201425481185
a capacitive biosensor based on an interdigitated electrode with nanoislands.a capacitive biosensor based on an interdigitated electrode (ide) with nanoislands was developed for label-free detection of antigen-antibody interactions. to enable sensitive capacitive detection of protein adsorption, the nanoislands were fabricated between finger electrodes of the ide. the effect of the nanoislands on the sensitive capacitive measurement was estimated using horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as a model protein. additionally, a parylene-a film was coated on the ide with nanoislands ...201425172812
a cost-effective sandwich electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hiv-1 antibody using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers as capture probes.in this report, a rapid and cost-effective sandwich electrochemiluminescence (ecl) immunosensor was constructed for the ultrasensitive detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 antibody (anti-hiv-1) using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (mmips) as capture probes by combining surface and epitope imprinting techniques and antigen conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (hrp-hiv-1) as labels. first, 3-aminobenzeneboronic acid (apba) was used as the functional monomer and cross-linking ...201424280050
a novel approach to investigate the effect of methionine oxidation on pharmacokinetic properties of therapeutic antibodies.preserving the chemical and structural integrity of therapeutic antibodies during manufacturing and storage is a major challenge during pharmaceutical development. oxidation of fc methionines met252 and met428 is frequently observed, which leads to reduced affinity to fcrn and faster plasma clearance if present at high levels. because oxidation occurs in both positions simultaneously, their individual contribution to the concomitant changes in pharmacokinetic properties has not been clearly esta ...201425517308
metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 shows different patterns of localization within the parallel visual pathways in macaque and squirrel monkeys.glutamate is used as an excitatory neurotransmitter by the koniocellular (k), magnocellular (m), and parvocellular (p) pathways to transfer signals from the primate lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) to primary visual cortex (v1). glutamate acts through both fast ionotropic receptors, which appear to carry the main sensory message, and slower, modulatory metabotropic receptors (mglurs). in this study, we asked whether mglur5 relates in distinct ways to the k, m, and p lgn axons in v1. to answer th ...201425774086
construction of a synthetic phage-displayed nanobody library with cdr3 regions randomized by trinucleotide cassettes for diagnostic applications.nanobodies (nbs) have proved their great value as therapeutic molecules and clinical diagnostic tools. although the routine procedure to obtain nbs is to immunize camels with antigens, it is unavailable to immunize a camel when the antigens are highly toxic, pathogenic or nonimmunogenic. a synthetic phage display library is an alternative to generate nbs against such targets, besides all the other ones.201425496223
epithelial cell-derived periostin functions as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer through stabilizing p53 and e-cadherin proteins via the rb/e2f1/p14arf/mdm2 signaling pathway.periostin is usually considered as an oncogene in diverse human cancers, including breast, prostate, colon, esophagus, and pancreas cancers, whereas it acts as a tumor suppressor in bladder cancer. in gastric cancer, it has been demonstrated that periglandular periostin expression is decreased whereas stromal periostin expression is significantly increased as compared with normal gastric tissues. moreover, periostin produced by stromal myofibroblasts markedly promotes gastric cancer cell growth. ...201425486483
autophagy modulates snca/α-synuclein release, thereby generating a hostile microenvironment.snca/α-synuclein aggregation plays a crucial role in synucleinopathies such as parkinson disease and dementia with lewy bodies. aggregating and nonaggregating snca species are degraded by the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (alp). previously, we have shown that the alp is not only responsible for snca degradation but is also involved in the intracellular aggregation process of snca. an additional role of extracellular snca in the pathology of synucleinopathies substantiating a prion-like propagation ...201425484190
a novel atg4b antagonist inhibits autophagy and has a negative impact on osteosarcoma tumors.autophagy has been implicated in the progression and chemoresistance of various cancers. in this study, we have shown that osteosarcoma saos-2 cells lacking atg4b, a cysteine proteinase that activates lc3b, are defective in autophagy and fail to form tumors in mouse models. by combining in silico docking with in vitro and cell-based assays, we identified small compounds that suppressed starvation-induced protein degradation, lc3b lipidation, and formation of autophagic vacuoles. nsc185058 effect ...201425483883
bactrian camel nanobody-based immunoassay for specific and sensitive detection of cry1fa toxin.the variable domain of the heavy-chain-only antibody (vhh) or nanobody (nb), derived from camelids, begins to play an important role on the detection of protein markers. in this study, we constructed a phage-displayed library of vhhs against cry1fa by immunizing a healthy bactrian camel with cry1fa toxin. after a series of bio-panning and screening by phage display technology, three anti-cry1fa nanobodies (nbs) with great difference in complementarity determining region 3 (cdr3) were obtained an ...201425448390
dealing with large sample sizes: comparison of a new one spot dot blot method to western blot.western blot is the gold standard method to determine individual protein expression levels. however, western blot is technically difficult to perform in large sample sizes because it is a time consuming and labor intensive process. dot blot is often used instead when dealing with large sample sizes, but the main disadvantage of the existing dot blot techniques, is the absence of signal normalization to a housekeeping protein.201425648029
generation of novel monoclonal antibodies for the enrichment and characterization of human corneal endothelial cells (hcenc) necessary for the treatment of corneal endothelial blindness.corneal transplantation is the primary treatment option to restore vision for patients with corneal endothelial blindness. although the success rate of treatment is high, limited availability of transplant grade corneas is a major obstacle. tissue-engineered corneal endothelial grafts constructed using cultivated human corneal endothelial cells (hcenc) isolated from cadaveric corneas may serve as a potential graft source. currently, tools for the characterization of cultured hcenc and enrichment ...201425484056
critical role of bioanalytical strategies in investigation of clinical pk observations, a phase i case study.rg7652 is a human immunoglobulin 1 (igg1) monoclonal antibody (mab) targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (pcsk9) and is designed for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. a target-binding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure rg7652 levels in human serum in a phase i study. although target-binding assay formats are generally used to quantify free therapeutic, the actual therapeutic species being measured are affected by assay conditions, such as s ...201425484037
activation volumes of enzymes adsorbed on silica particles.the immobilization of enzymes on carrier particles is useful in many biotechnological processes. in this way, enzymes can be separated from the reaction solution by filtering and can be reused in several cycles. on the other hand, there is a series of examples of free enzymes in solution that can be activated by the application of pressure. thus, a potential loss of enzymatic activity upon immobilization on carrier particles might be compensated by pressure. in this study, we have determined the ...201425479476
quantification of 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine from the blood of cancer patients by an enzyme-based immunoassay.genome-wide aberrations of the classic epigenetic modification 5-methylcytosine (5mc), considered the hallmark of gene silencing, has been implicated to play a pivotal role in mediating carcinogenic transformation of healthy cells. recently, three epigenetic marks derived from enzymatic oxidization of 5mc namely 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmc), 5-formylcytosine (5fc) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5cac), have been discovered in the mammalian genome. growing evidence suggests that these novel bases posse ...201425441900
detection of the inflammation biomarker c-reactive protein in serum samples: towards an optimal biosensor formula.the development of an electrochemical immunosensor for the biomarker, c-reactive protein (crp), is reported in this work. crp has been used to assess inflammation and is also used in a multi-biomarker system as a predictive biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk. a gold-based working electrode sensor was developed, and the types of electrode printing inks and ink curing techniques were then optimized. the electrodes with the best performance parameters were then employed for the construction ...201425587427
inflammation-enhanced drug-induced liver injury.drug-induced liver injury is a major concern in clinical studies as well as in post-marketing surveillance. previous evidence suggests that drug exposure during periods of inflammation can increase an individual's susceptibility to toxicity. inflammation caused by infections or endotoxin markedly activates nadph oxidase that generates superoxide radicals by transferring electrons from nadph. in the phagosome, superoxide radicals spontaneously form hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and other reactive oxyg ...201426461367
singlet molecular oxygen generated in dark biological process.ultraweak chemiluminescence arising from biomolecules oxidation has been attributed to the radiative deactivation of singlet molecular oxygen [(1)o2] and electronically excited triplet carbonyl products involving dioxetane intermediates. as examples, we will discuss the generation of (1)o2 from lipid hydroperoxides, which involves a cyclic mechanism from a linear tetraoxide intermediate. the generation of (1)o2 in aqueous solution via energy transfer from the excited triplet acetone arising from ...201426461325
in vivo bioluminescence imaging for viable human neural stem cells incorporated within in situ gelatin hydrogels.three-dimensional (3d) hydrogel-based stem cell therapies contribute to enhanced therapeutic efficacy in treating diseases, and determining the optimal mechanical strength of the hydrogel in vivo is important for therapeutic success. we evaluated the proliferation of human neural stem cells incorporated within in situ-forming hydrogels and compared the effect of hydrogels with different elastic properties in cell/hydrogel-xenografted mice.201426116122
in situ nick translation of the fragile x region.at the present time, the molecular nature of the fragile site at xq27.3 is not well understood. to examine the sensitivity of this region to dnaase i, in situ nick translation was performed on metaphase chromosomes from a fragile x (fra(x] positive individual. in this technique dnaase i is used to nick regions of chromosomal dna that are in "open" conformation. biotinylated dutp was incorporated by nick translation at these sites. the incorporation was identified by double antibody labeling and ...20143052067
eicosapentaenoic acid enhances heatstroke-impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function in rats.dysfunction of the intestinal barrier plays an important role in the pathological process of heatstroke. omega-3 (or n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (epa) and docosahexaenoic acid (dha), help protect the intestinal mucosal barrier. this study assessed if pretreating rats with epa or dha could alleviate heat stress-induced damage to the intestinal barrier caused by experimental heatstroke.201526131715
one-pot synthesis of porphyrin functionalized γ-fe2o3 nanocomposites as peroxidase mimics for h2o2 and glucose detection.meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)-porphyrin-functionalized γ-fe2o3 nanoparticles (h2tcpp-γ-fe2o3) were successfully prepared by one-pot method under hydrothermal conditions and were found to possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity. the h2tcpp-γ-fe2o3 nanocomposites can catalytically oxidize peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (tmb) in the presence of h2o2 to produce a blue color reaction, which can be easily observed by the naked eye. furthermore, kinetic studies indicate that th ...201526117755
removal of sulfadimethoxine in soil mediated by extracellular oxidoreductases.sulfadimethoxine (sdm) is an antibiotic commonly used in concentrated animal feeding operations and released into the environment via manure application on agricultural lands. transformation of antibiotics in soil impacts the likelihood of their entry to water bodies, uptake by plants, and thus their effect on terrestrial and aquatic organisms. we conducted experiments to incubate sdm in a sandy loam soil in the presence of humification enzymes commonly found in natural soil, laccase, horseradis ...201526104901
peritoneal adhesion prevention by a biodegradable hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel formed in situ through a cascade enzyme reaction initiated by contact with body fluid on tissue surfaces.postsurgical peritoneal adhesion is a serious surgical complication. in situ hydrogel formation on the surface of tissues, which will develop adhesions, is a recent feasible approach to prevent peritoneal adhesion. here, we report on-tissue surface formation of a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel by administration of a pre-hydrogel aqueous solution. the hydrogelation was initiated by contact with body fluid containing glucose on tissue surfaces. during the hydrogelation, a hyaluronic acid derivativ ...201526102338
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