Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| genetically modified dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy. | the ability to grow and differentiate dendritic cells (dc) ex vivo has allowed their genetic manipulation to enhance immune activation against tumor antigens. gene engineering of dc can be achieved with a variety of physical methods and using different viral vectors. rna or dna transfection, either alone (naked), coated with liposomes or using electroporation or gene guns leads to t cell activation while transgene expression is frequently undetectable. adenoviral and retroviral vectors have prov ... | 2005 | 16457651 |
| [expression of coagulation factor ix in human cd34 + hematopoietic stem cells by adeno-associated virus 2]. | to investigate the expression of human coagulation factor ix (hfix) gene in human umbilical cord blood (cb) cd34+ cells which was transfected with recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (raav-2). | 2005 | 16468329 |
| gene therapy for duchenne muscular dystrophy: aav leads the way. | over the past decade, adeno-associated virus (aav) has become an extremely promising vector for gene therapy of many genetic disorders. this review summarizes the specific challenges that must be overcome to apply aav gene therapy to duchenne muscular dystrophy. many of these challenges have been met successfully in animal studies, but further work is needed to translate these results into an effective clinical treatment. | 2005 | 16629052 |
| regional intravascular delivery of aav-2-f.ix to skeletal muscle achieves long-term correction of hemophilia b in a large animal model. | in earlier work, we showed that adeno-associated virus-mediated delivery of a factor ix gene to skeletal muscle by direct intramuscular injection resulted in therapeutic levels of circulating factor ix in mice. however, achievement of target doses in humans proved impractical because of the large number of injections required. we used a novel intravascular delivery technique to achieve successful transduction of extensive areas of skeletal muscle in a large animal with hemophilia. we provide her ... | 2005 | 15479726 |
| [the construction of recombinant aav vector expressing hsvtk gene controlled by tet-on and the detection of its activity]. | in order to investigate the application of recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) vector containing tet regulation system and hsvtk gene in cancer gene therapy, paav/tre/hsvtk/tet-on was constructed and identified with pcr and restriction enzyme digestion. packaging cells hek293 were cotransfected with plasmids paav/tre/hsvtk/tet-on, paav-rc and paav-helper to produce infectious raav, and cscl2 densitygradient centrifugation method was performed for purification and concentration of raav. the ... | 2005 | 16108356 |
| long-term safety of gdnf gene delivery in the retina. | to examine retinal function after the long-term, gene therapy-delivered expression of exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf). | 2005 | 16109652 |
| [viral vectors in gene therapy. advantages of the adenoassociated vectors]. | gene therapy has evolved due to the development of a number of biotechnology weapons, i.e., vectors that achieve for a longer expression and safer administration. among viral vectors developed adeno-associated virus have shown promising advantages. these dna viruses transduce a wide cell range, can integrate in host's genome and achieve for a long-period expression, besides avoiding a cellular immune response. the new technologies applied to the production and purification of these vectors had r ... | 2005 | 16167495 |
| specific and efficient transduction of cochlear inner hair cells with recombinant adeno-associated virus type 3 vector. | recombinant adeno-associated virus (aav) vectors are of interest for cochlear gene therapy because of their ability to mediate the efficient transfer and long-term stable expression of therapeutic genes in a wide variety of postmitotic tissues with minimal vector-related cytotoxicity. in the present study, seven aav serotypes (aav1-5, 7, 8) were used to construct vectors. the expression of egfp by the chicken beta-actin promoter associated with the cytomegalovirus immediate-early enhancer in coc ... | 2005 | 16169458 |
| gene therapy with human osteoprotegerin decreases callus remodeling with limited effects on biomechanical properties. | osteoprotegerin (opg) is a naturally occurring protein, which prevents bone resorption by inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, function, and survival. therefore, recombinant opg may be an attractive drug in the treatment of chronic bone resorptive diseases such as osteoporosis. gene therapy has the potential to achieve long-term treatment by delivering genes of anti-resorptive proteins to the recipient. the effects of opg gene therapy on fracture healing have not been described previously. the infl ... | 2005 | 16169783 |
| [immunostimulatory effect of human peripheral blood dendritic cells transfected by adeno-associated virus containing her2/neu gene]. | to observe the immunostimulatory effect of human peripheral blood dendritic cells (dcs) transfected by her2/neu gene delivered by adeno-associated virus. | 2005 | 16174595 |
| transduction of pancreatic islets with pseudotyped adeno-associated virus: effect of viral capsid and genome conversion. | recombinant adeno-associated viral (raav) vectors currently show promise for islet gene therapy. in the presence of complementing aav2 rep proteins, aav2 genomes can be packaged with other serotype capsids to assemble infectious virions. during transduction, the ssdna to dsdna conversion is one of the major rate-limiting steps that contribute to the slow onset of transgene expression. | 2005 | 16177645 |
| improved survival of ischemic cutaneous and musculocutaneous flaps after vascular endothelial growth factor gene transfer using adeno-associated virus vectors. | a major challenge in reconstructive surgery is flap ischemia, which might benefit from induction of therapeutic angiogenesis. here we demonstrate the effect of an adeno-associated virus (aav) vector delivering vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf)165 in two widely recognized in vivo flap models. for the epigastric flap model, animals were injected subcutaneously with 1.5 x 10(11) particles of aav-vegf at day 0, 7, or 14 before flap dissection. in the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutane ... | 2005 | 16192634 |
| current development of adeno-associated viral vectors. | vectors based on adeno-associated virus (aav) have recently been used in phase i clinical trials for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as parkinson's and canavan's diseases. indeed, aav-mediated gene transfer is a promising tool for the delivery of therapeutic gene into the central and peripheral nervous systems. aav-mediated gene transfer was also applied in phase i and phase ii clinical trials for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and in phase i clinical trials for the treatment of ... | 2005 | 16193103 |
| green fluorescent protein-tagged adeno-associated virus particles allow the study of cytosolic and nuclear trafficking. | to allow the direct visualization of viral trafficking, we genetically incorporated enhanced green fluorescent protein (gfp) into the adeno-associated virus (aav) capsid by replacement of wild-type vp2 by gfp-vp2 fusion proteins. high-titer virus progeny was obtained and used to elucidate the process of nuclear entry. in the absence of adenovirus 5 (ad5), nuclear translocation of aav capsids was a slow and inefficient process: at 2 h and 4 h postinfection (p.i.), gfp-vp2-aav particles were found ... | 2005 | 16140755 |
| a proximal e-box modulates ngf effects on rat ppt-a promoter activity in cultured dorsal root ganglia neurones. | the rat preprotachykinin a (rtppta) promoter fragment spanning -865+92, relative to the major transcriptional start, has previously been demonstrated to be nerve growth factor (ngf) responsive in primary cultures of rat dorsal root ganglion (drg) neurones [harrison, p.t., dalziel, r.g., ditchfield, n.a., quinn, j.p., 1999. neuronal-specific and nerve growth factor-inducible expression directed by the preprotachykinin-a promoter delivered by an adeno-associated virus vector. neuroscience 94, 997- ... | 2005 | 16198417 |
| aav2/5-mediated ngf gene delivery protects septal cholinergic neurons following axotomy. | nerve growth factor (ngf) therapy has been proposed to treat cognitive impairments in aged patients including those with alzheimer's disease. various viral vectors, including adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (aav2), have been investigated for their ability to deliver ngf in brain. in this study, hybrid vectors (aav2/5) consisting of the genome of recombinant aav2 and the capsid of aav serotype 5 were evaluated for their ability to deliver ngf and green fluorescent protein (gfp) genes into brain ... | 2005 | 16226726 |
| sustained whole-body functional rescue in congestive heart failure and muscular dystrophy hamsters by systemic gene transfer. | the success of muscular dystrophy gene therapy requires widespread and stable gene delivery with minimal invasiveness. here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of systemic delivery of adeno-associated virus (aav) vectors carrying human delta-sarcoglycan (delta-sg) gene in to-2 hamsters, a congestive heart failure and muscular dystrophy model with a delta-sg gene mutation. | 2005 | 16230483 |
| current issues in adeno-associated viral vector production. | adeno-associated virus (aav) is currently one of the most promising systems for human gene therapy. numerous preclinical studies have documented the excellent safety profile of these vectors along with their impressive performances in their favored target, consisting of highly differentiated postmitotic tissues such as muscle, central nervous system and liver. clinical trials have been conducted confirming these data, but also emphasizing the requirement of further high-tech developments of the ... | 2005 | 16231056 |
| purification of adenovirus and adeno-associated virus: comparison of novel membrane-based technology to conventional techniques. | adenovirus (ad) and adeno-associated virus (aav) are efficient gene delivery systems; manipulation of the wild-type genome allows their use as vectors for the overexpression of desirable transgenes. generation and purification of such viral vectors can be labour intensive, costly and require specialized equipment, but a new generation of membrane-mediated ion exchange kits for purification of recombinant virus may facilitate this process. here, we examine the yields, transgene expression and pur ... | 2005 | 16231057 |
| efficiency of adeno-associated virus type-2 vectors in non-human primate schwann cells. | adult macaque schwann cells were infected using adeno-associated virus type-2-derived vectors expressing the green fluorescent protein reporter gene under the control of the cytomegalovirus, the hybrid cytomegalovirus-betaactin, the myelin basic protein or the tetracycline-inducible promoters. on the basis of green fluorescent protein expression, gene transfer efficiency was compared in resting and dividing conditions following or not following hydroxyurea or etoposide treatment. hydroxyurea all ... | 2005 | 16237322 |
| delivery of human acetylcholinesterase by adeno-associated virus to the acetylcholinesterase knockout mouse. | the purpose of this work was to develop a gene delivery system that expressed acetylcholinesterase (ache) for prolonged periods. an adeno-associated virus (aav) expressing human ache was constructed by co-transfecting three plasmids into hek 293t cells. the purified vector expressed 0.17 microg ache per 1 million viral particles in culture medium in 23 h, or 0.8 u/ml. the aav/hache was injected into muscle of adult ache knockout mice and into the brains of 3-6 week old ache knockout mice. intram ... | 2005 | 16243306 |
| efficient in vivo gene expression by trans-splicing adeno-associated viral vectors. | although adeno-associated virus (aav)-mediated gene therapy has been hindered by the small viral packaging capacity of the vector, trans-splicing aav vectors are able to package twice the size of the vector genome. unfortunately, the efficiency of current trans-splicing vectors is very low. here we show that rational design of the gene splitting site has a profound influence on trans-splicing vector-mediated gene expression. using mrna accumulation as a guide, we generated a set of efficient tra ... | 2005 | 16244658 |
| intrathecal gene transfer by adeno-associated virus for pain. | chronic pain is among the most prevalent medical problems, affecting more than half of patients with advanced cancer and many with other common diseases. current analgesics often fail to provide satisfactory symptom relief and frequently cause severe side effects. intrathecal (it) gene transfer is an attractive method for pain research in rodent models, because it allows targeting of a wide variety of secretable peptides and proteins to the spinal cord, an important neural center for the process ... | 2005 | 16248278 |
| hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin gene delivery ameliorates obesity and glucose intolerance in aged rats. | age-related obesity is associated with impaired hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (pomc) gene expression. we assessed whether overproduction of pomc in the hypothalamus ameliorates age-related obesity in rats. | 2005 | 16205885 |
| large-scale production of recombinant viruses by use of a large culture vessel with active gassing. | adenovirus and adeno-associated virus (aav) vectors are increasingly used for gene transduction experiments. however, to produce a sufficient amount of these vectors for in vivo experiments requires large-capacity tissue culture facilities, which may not be practical in limited laboratory space. we describe here a large-scale method to produce adenovirus and aav vectors with an active gassing system that uses large culture vessels to process labor- and cost-effective infection or transfection in ... | 2005 | 16218782 |
| adeno-associated virus inverted terminal repeats improve neuronal transgene expression mediated by baculoviral vectors in rat brain. | baculoviral vectors can transduce neurons in the cns but mediate only transient expression of transgenes. we have developed a new baculoviral vector in which the inverted terminal repeats (itrs) of adeno-associated virus are used to flank a luciferase reporter gene cassette harboring a neuron-specific promoter. when tested in rat brain, the new viral vector was able to provide transgene expression for at least 90 days. immunohistological analysis demonstrated that itr flanking did not affect the ... | 2005 | 16218783 |
| functional correction of cns phenotypes in a lysosomal storage disease model using adeno-associated virus type 4 vectors. | lysosomal storage diseases (lsds) represent a significant portion of inborn metabolic disorders. more than 60% of lsds have cns involvement. lsd therapies for systemic diseases have been developed, but efficacy does not extend to the cns. in this study, we tested whether adeno-associated virus type 4 (aav4) vectors could mediate global functional and pathological improvements in a murine model of mucopolysaccharidosis type vii (mps vii) caused by beta-glucuronidase deficiency. recombinant aav4 v ... | 2005 | 16221840 |
| glucose transporter-2 (glut2) promoter mediated transgenic insulin production reduces hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. | insulin production afforded by hepatic gene therapy (hgt) retains promise as a potential treatment for type 1 diabetes, but successful approaches have been limited. we employed a novel and previously untested promoter for this purpose, glucose transporter-2 (glut2) to drive insulin production via delivery by recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav). in vitro, the glut2 promoter was capable of robust glucose-responsive expression in transduced hepg2 human hepatoma cells. therefore, raav construc ... | 2005 | 16223491 |
| determination of osteoprogenitor-specific promoter activity in mouse mesenchymal stem cells by recombinant adeno-associated virus transduction. | towards utilizing gene-targeted, repopulating mesenchymal stem cells (msc) to increase osteogenesis, we evaluated the expression of bone-specific promoters during msc differentiation. multi-lineage potential of cultured msc was confirmed by osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation under controlled conditions. recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) encoding luciferase under the human cytomegalovirus (cmv), mouse alkaline phosphatase (alp), runx-2/cbfa1 (runx), osteopontin (opn), ... | 2005 | 16225939 |
| adeno-associated virus-mediated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor peptides inhibits retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. | vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) has been demonstrated to be a key stimulator of retinal neovascularization (nv), the most common cause of severe and progressive vision loss. in this study, we used a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (oir) to explore the potential of gene expression and secretion of short vegf peptides as a treatment. peptide-encoding fragments of exons 6 and 7 of the vegf gene were cloned into a recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) vector. expression of ea ... | 2005 | 16259558 |
| gene therapy for lipoprotein lipase deficiency: working toward clinical application. | lipoprotein lipase (lpl) deficiency causes hypertriglyceridemia and recurrent, potentially life-threatening pancreatitis. there currently is no adequate treatment for this disease. previously, we showed that intramuscular administration of an adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (aav1) vector encoding the human lpl(s447x) variant cdna (aav1-lpl(s447x)) normalized the dyslipidemia of lpl-/- mice for more than 1 year. in preparation for a clinical trial, we evaluated the safety and biodistribution of ... | 2005 | 16259561 |
| comparative efficacy of intratracheal adeno-associated virus administration to newborn rats. | transient local overexpression of genes that promote lung defense or repair may help to protect or promote alveolar development in premature neonates. we showed that the use of adenoviral vectors in neonates was limited by the induction of lung growth disorders. in the present work we compare the efficiency of gene transfer to the neonatal lung by three adeno-associated viral vectors: raav1, raav2, and raav5. transduction efficiency was first measured in vitro, by infecting a549 immortalized hum ... | 2005 | 16259563 |
| adeno-associated virus vector-mediated systemic delivery of ifn-beta combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide affects tumor regression in murine neuroblastoma models. | type i ifns (ifn-alpha/beta) have shown significant antitumor activity in preclinical models but limited efficacy and significant toxicity in clinical trials. we hypothesized that the antitumor activity of type i ifns could be enhanced by chronic, low-dose systemic delivery and sought to test this in murine neuroblastoma models. | 2005 | 16115947 |
| neuroprotective adeno-associated virus bcl-xl gene transfer in models of motor neuron disease. | recent work implicates excitotoxicity-induced apoptosis as the mechanism triggering motor neuron death in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als). our laboratory has previously utilized glutamate excitotoxicity in vitro to study this process. the present experiment tests whether overexpression of the gene for bcl-xl can inhibit excitotoxicity in this model system. to track bcl-xl expression, the gene for green fluorescent protein (gfp) was inserted in-frame, upstream of the bcl-xl gene. the gfp-bcl- ... | 2005 | 16116646 |
| targeted expression of igf-1 in the central nervous system fails to protect mice from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-1) has been identified as a critical molecule in the induction of myelination in the central nervous system (cns). systemic injection of igf-1 has been shown to have a varied and transiently protective effect on the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). since systemic igf-1 can also modulate peripheral immune lymphocytes, we examined whether a sustained and local delivery of igf-1 into the spinal cord would have any influence on the ... | 2005 | 16120466 |
| gene replacement therapy rescues photoreceptor degeneration in a murine model of leber congenital amaurosis lacking rpgrip. | retinitis pigmentosa gtpase regulator (rpgr) is a photoreceptor protein anchored in the connecting cilia by an rpgr-interacting protein (rpgrip). loss of rpgrip causes leber congenital amaurosis (lca), a severe form of photoreceptor degeneration. the current study was an investigation of whether somatic gene replacement could rescue degenerating photoreceptors in a murine model of lca due to a defect in rpgrip. | 2005 | 16123399 |
| establishment of effective methods for transducing genes into iris pigment epithelial cells by using adeno-associated virus type 2. | to establish an efficient method of transferring the human brain-derived neurotrophic-factor (hbdnf) gene into human iris pigment epithelial (hipe) cells by using recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2 (raav2). | 2005 | 16123438 |
| systemic overexpression of interleukin-10 fails to protect allogeneic islet transplants in nonobese diabetic mice. | interleukin (il)-10 has proven effective in various allogeneic transplantation models and for preventing recurrent autoimmune rejection of syngeneic islets in nod mice. therefore, we evaluated systemic il-10 overexpression on allogeneic islet graft survival. diabetic nod mice received a single injection of recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) serotype 2 encoding murine il-10 (raav-il-10) four weeks prior to renal subcasular islet transplantation. in a model having both autoimmune and alloge ... | 2005 | 16123729 |
| gene-transfer technology: a preventive neurotherapy to curb obesity, ameliorate metabolic syndrome and extend life expectancy. | leptin insufficiency at crucial target sites in the hypothalamic circuitries that integrate energy intake and expenditure underlies abnormal rates of fat accumulation. the payload of this "fat burden" is metabolic syndrome, a cluster of life-threatening metabolic afflictions, and a shorter lifespan. currently available therapies employed to combat obesity have disadvantages such as poor compliance for lifestyle modification or transient effectiveness and undesirable side-effects of pharmacologic ... | 2005 | 16125798 |
| utility of pegylated recombinant adeno-associated viruses for gene transfer. | adeno-associated virus (aav), capable of producing significant, long-term transgene expression, is one of the least toxic vectors employed in pre-clinical and clinical studies of gene transfer. one limitation is generation of neutralizing antibodies against viral capsids, blocking gene expression after readministration. aav2 capsids were modified with poly(ethylene) glycols (pegs) activated by cyanuric chloride (ccpeg), succinimidyl succinate (sspeg) and tresyl chloride (tmpeg). sspeg and tmpeg ... | 2005 | 16125817 |
| superior neovascularization and muscle regeneration in ischemic skeletal muscles following vegf gene transfer by raav1 pseudotyped vectors. | recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (raav2) vector has been widely employed for gene therapy. recent progress suggests that the new serotypes of aav showed a better performance than did aav2 in normal tissues. here, we evaluate the potential role of human vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) gene transfer using raav vector pseudotyped with serotype 1 capsid proteins (raav1) in the treatment of muscle ischemia. in ischemic skeletal muscles, the raav1-lacz vector allowed higher leve ... | 2005 | 16129416 |
| knockdown of wild-type mouse rhodopsin using an aav vectored ribozyme as part of an rna replacement approach. | to develop a hammerhead ribozymes (rz) that might be exploited in a "digest and replace" gene therapy strategy for autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adrp) caused by mutations in the gene for rhodopsin (rho). | 2005 | 16145542 |
| confronting the issues of therapeutic misconception, enrollment decisions, and personal motives in genetic medicine-based clinical research studies for fatal disorders. | genetic medicine-based therapies have unlocked the potential for ameliorating diseases previously considered inevitably fatal. inherent in the clinical trials of genetic medicines are ethical issues of therapeutic misconception, enrollment decisions as they relate to the risks and benefits of research, and the complex relationships among funding sources, investigators, and the families of affected individuals. the purpose of this paper is to help define these complex issues relevant to the use o ... | 2005 | 16149901 |
| tetracycline-inducible viral interleukin-10 intraocular gene transfer, using adeno-associated virus in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. | members of the adeno-associated virus (aav) family are good candidates for the treatment of ocular diseases because of their relative lack of pathogenicity. we studied the effect of intraocular injection of aav2-viral il-10 (vil-10) on retinal s-antigen-induced experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) in lewis rats. we demonstrated that aav2/2-gfp injected into the vitreous body transduced the iris and ciliary body, or anterior uvea, and the retina. we showed that intravitreal injection of th ... | 2005 | 16149902 |
| genomic stability of self-complementary adeno-associated virus 2 during early stages of transduction in mouse muscle in vivo. | studies have demonstrated that packaging of recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (raav) as self-complementary duplex strand (sc) results in early transgene expression, possibly eliminating rate-limiting second-strand synthesis. in the present study, we evaluated the molecular organization, stability of the sc aav genome, and transgene expression in the quadriceps muscle of c57bl/6j mice in vivo as compared with single-stranded (ss) aav. studies were carried out with raav encoding green fluoresce ... | 2005 | 16149903 |
| spliceosome-mediated rna trans-splicing with recombinant adeno-associated virus partially restores cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator function to polarized human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. | we previously reported that spliceosome-mediated rna trans-splicing (smart), using recombinant adenoviral vectors expressing pre-trans-splicing molecules (ptms), could partially restore cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) chloride channel activity to polarized human deltaf508 cf airway epithelia. although these studies proved that smart could correct cftr mrna defects, recombinant adenoviral infection from the basolateral surface was required because of inefficient infecti ... | 2005 | 16149910 |
| reversal of gene expression profile in the phenylketonuria mouse model after adeno-associated virus vector-mediated gene therapy. | phenylketonuria (pku) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) deficiency. accumulation of phenylalanine leads to severe mental and psychomotor retardation, and hypopigmentation of skin and hair. we have demonstrated the cognitive outcome of biochemical and phenotypic reversal by the adeno-associated virus vector-mediated gene delivery of a human pah transgene. in this study, we identified the expression of genes related to pathologic abnormalities o ... | 2005 | 16150627 |
| preferential expression of an aav-2 construct in nos-positive interneurons following intrastriatal injection. | most cns studies using recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2 (raav-2) vectors have focused on gene delivery for the purpose of gene therapy. in the present study, we examined the feasibility of using raav-2 vectors to study the regulation of preprotachykinin-a (ppt-a) promoter activity in striatal medium spiny projection neurons. an raav-2 vector incorporating a ppt promoter fragment (shown previously to confer some cell-specificity of expression in vitro) coupled to a green fluorescent prot ... | 2005 | 16153741 |
| uniform scale-independent gene transfer to striated muscle after transvenular extravasation of vector. | the muscular dystrophies exemplify a class of systemic disorders for which widespread protein replacement in situ is essential for treatment of the underlying genetic disorder. somatic gene therapy will require efficient, scale-independent transport of dna-containing macromolecular complexes too large to cross the continuous endothelia under physiological conditions. previous studies in large-animal models have revealed a trade-off between the efficiency of gene transfer and the inherent safety ... | 2005 | 16157771 |
| how adeno-associated virus rep78 protein arrests cells completely in s phase. | adeno-associated virus rep78 protein has antiproliferative effects on cells. it inhibits cell cycle progression, and, in particular, rep78 induces a complete arrest within s phase, a response rarely seen after cell dna damage. we examined how rep78 achieves such an efficient s phase block. rep78 inhibits cdc25a activity by a novel means in which binding between the two proteins stabilizes cdc25a, thus increasing its abundance, while at the same time preventing access to its substrates cyclin-dep ... | 2005 | 16157891 |
| four-dimensional visualization of the simultaneous activity of alternative adeno-associated virus replication origins. | the adeno-associated virus (aav) inverted terminal repeats (itrs) contain the aav rep protein-binding site (rbs) and the terminal resolution site (trs), which together act as a minimal origin of dna replication. the aav p5 promoter also contains an rbs, which is involved in rep-mediated regulation of promoter activity, as well as a functional trs, and origin activity of these signals has in fact been demonstrated previously in the presence of adenovirus helper functions. here, we show that in th ... | 2005 | 16160148 |
| repair of articular cartilage defect by autologous transplantation of basic fibroblast growth factor gene-transduced chondrocytes with adeno-associated virus vector. | to examine the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) gene-transduced chondrocytes on the repair of articular cartilage defects. | 2005 | 15641065 |
| [influences of recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated decorin gene transfection on cell cycle and apoptosis of siha cells]. | decorin (dcn), a multi-efficiency factor, has many important functions, such as influencing fibril stability, and interacting with extracellular matrix molecules to influence cell adhesion. this study was to investigate influences of dcn on cell cycle and apoptosis of siha cells via recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated dcn gene (raav.dcn) transfection. | 2005 | 15642196 |
| adeno-associated virus vectors for short hairpin rna expression. | five recent publications have documented the successful development and use of gene transfer vectors based on adeno-associated virus (aav) for expressing short hairpin rna (shrna). in cultured mammalian cells and in whole animals, infection with these vectors was shown to result in specific, efficient, and stable knockdown of various targeted endo- or exogenous genes. here we review this exciting approach, to trigger rna interference in vitro and in vivo by shrna expressed from aav vectors, and ... | 2005 | 15644194 |
| adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer of the heart/muscle adenine nucleotide translocator (ant) in mouse. | mitochondrial myopathy, associated with muscle weakness and progressive external ophthalmoplegia, is caused by mutations in mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation genes including the heart-muscle isoform of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator (ant1). to develop therapies for mitochondrial disease, we have prepared a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector (raav) carrying the mouse ant1 cdna. this vector has been used to transduce muscle cells and muscle from ant1 mutant mice, whi ... | 2005 | 15647764 |
| a combination of mutations enhances the neurotropism of aav-2. | there is strong interest in developing practical strategies for gene delivery to the central nervous system (cns). direct delivery into the brain or spinal cord is highly invasive as well as inefficient or hazardous using most current vector systems. our objective was to generate innocuous gene vehicles that would be effectively taken up by axons and then home to the neuron cell bodies. vectors derived from adeno-associated virus (aav), a harmless human parvovirus, offer strong starting candidat ... | 2005 | 16102794 |
| a capsid-modified helper-dependent adenovirus vector containing the beta-globin locus control region displays a nonrandom integration pattern and allows stable, erythroid-specific gene expression. | gene therapy for hemoglobinopathies requires efficient gene transfer into hematopoietic stem cells and high-level erythroid-specific gene expression. toward this goal, we constructed a helper-dependent adenovirus vector carrying the beta-globin locus control region (lcr) to drive green fluorescent protein (gfp) expression, whereby the lcr-gfp cassette is flanked by adeno-associated virus (aav) inverted terminal repeats (ad.lcr-beta-gfp). this vector possesses the adenovirus type 35 fiber knob th ... | 2005 | 16103151 |
| the expression strategy of goose parvovirus exhibits features of both the dependovirus and parvovirus genera. | the rna transcription profile of the goose parvovirus (gpv) was determined, and it is a surprising hybrid of features of the parvovirus and dependovirus genera of the parvovirinae subfamily of the parvoviridae. similar to the dependovirus adeno-associated virus type 5, rnas transcribed from the gpv upstream p9 promoter, which encode the viral nonstructural proteins, were polyadenylated at a high efficiency at a polyadenylation site [(pa)p] located within an intron in the center of the genome. ef ... | 2005 | 16103154 |
| the cellular tata binding protein is required for rep-dependent replication of a minimal adeno-associated virus type 2 p5 element. | the p5 promoter region of adeno-associated virus type 2 (aav-2) is a multifunctional element involved in rep gene expression, rep-dependent replication, and site-specific integration. we initially characterized a 350-bp p5 region by its ability to behave like a cis-acting replication element in the presence of rep proteins and adenoviral factors. the objective of this study was to define the minimal elements within the p5 region required for rep-dependent replication. assays performed in transfe ... | 2005 | 16103159 |
| large-scale analysis of adeno-associated virus vector integration sites in normal human cells. | the integration sites of viral vectors used in human gene therapy can have important consequences for safety and efficacy. however, an extensive evaluation of adeno-associated virus (aav) vector integration sites has not been completed, despite the ongoing use of aav vectors in clinical trials. here we have used a shuttle vector system to isolate and analyze 977 unique aav vector-chromosome integration junctions from normal human fibroblasts and describe their genomic distribution. we found a si ... | 2005 | 16103194 |
| amelioration of laminin-alpha2-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy by somatic gene transfer of miniagrin. | congenital muscular dystrophy (cmd) is characterized by severe muscle wasting, premature death in early childhood, and lack of effective treatment. most of the cmd cases are caused by genetic mutations of laminin-alpha2, which is essential for the structural integrity of muscle extracellular matrix. here, we report that somatic gene delivery of a structurally unrelated protein, a miniature version of agrin, functionally compensates for laminin-alpha2 deficiency in the murine models of cmd. adeno ... | 2005 | 16103356 |
| inhibition of lymphogenous metastasis using adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer of a soluble vegfr-3 decoy receptor. | the presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes is a strong indicator of poor patient survival in many types of cancer. it has recently been shown that the lymphangiogenic growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor-c (vegf-c), and its receptor, vegf receptor-3 (vegfr3), may play a pivotal role in the promotion of metastasis to regional lymph nodes. in this study, human prostate and melanoma tumor models that preferentially metastasize to the lymph nodes following s.c. tumor cell implan ... | 2005 | 16061674 |
| correlation between dna transfer and cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cell correction after recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 gene therapy. | recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (raav2)-based human gene therapy for cystic fibrosis has progressed through a series of preclinical studies and phase i and ii clinical trials. this agent has shown an encouraging safety profile, consistent levels of dna transfer, and positive evidence of short-term clinical improvement in lung function in a prospective, placebo-controlled phase ii trial of aerosol administration. nonetheless, it has been difficult to assess the relationship between ... | 2005 | 16076250 |
| partial correction of sensitivity to oxidant stress in friedreich ataxia patient fibroblasts by frataxin-encoding adeno-associated virus and lentivirus vectors. | peripheral nervous system (pns) sensory neurons are directly involved in the pathophysiology of a number of debilitating inherited and acquired neurological conditions. the lack of effective treatments for many such conditions provides a strong rationale for exploring novel therapeutic approaches, including gene therapy. friedreich ataxia (frda), a sensory neuropathy, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with a loss of large sensory neurons from the dorsal root ganglia. because ... | 2005 | 16076253 |
| [construction of adeno-associated virus vector containing human papilloma virus 16 e7 gene and its expression in eukaryotic cells]. | to construct recombinant adeno-associated virus vector containing human papilloma virus (hpv) 16e7 gene and identify its effectiveness of expression in eukaryotic cell. | 2005 | 16080877 |
| efficient hepatic delivery and expression from a recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 pseudotyped alpha1-antitrypsin vector. | alpha1-antitrypsin (aat) deficiency is a single-gene disorder in which a mutation in the aat (approved symbol serpina1) gene (pi*z) leads to misfolding of the protein, loss of the protective antiprotease effect of aat for the lungs, and a toxic effect on hepatocytes. optimal therapy for aat deficiency will require a high percentage of hepatocyte transduction to be effective for liver and lung disease. recently, raav genomes pseudotyped with capsids from serotypes 7 and 8 showed efficient hepatic ... | 2005 | 16085464 |
| [gene therapy in liver diseases using adeno-associated virus as a vector]. | 2005 | 16093007 | |
| adeno-associated virus vector-mediated anti-angiogenic gene therapy for collagen-induced arthritis in mice. | the goal of this study was to determine the utility of adeno-associated virus (aav) vectors for anti-angiogenic gene therapy in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis (cia). | 2005 | 16095112 |
| targeting viral-mediated transduction to the lung airway epithelium with the anti-inflammatory cationic lipid dexamethasone-spermine. | we formulated adenovirus (adv) vectors with cationic steroid liposomes containing dexamethasone-spermine (ds)/dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (dope) in an effort to overcome the lack of apically expressed adv vector receptors on airway epithelial cells and to reduce the inflammation associated with adv vector exposure. an adv vector (1 to 2.5 x 10(11) genome copies) expressing human placental alkaline phosphatase or beta-galactosidase (lacz) was delivered alone or complexed with ds/dope, dc-cho ... | 2005 | 16099413 |
| nonhuman primate models for diabetic ocular neovascularization using aav2-mediated overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor. | neovascularization leads to blindness in numerous ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, and sickle cell disease. more effective and stable treatments for ocular neovascularization are needed, yet there are major limitations in the present animal models. to develop primate models of diabetic retinopathy and choroidal neovascularization, rhesus monkeys were injected subretinally or intravitreally with an adeno-associated viru ... | 2005 | 15793254 |
| structure of adeno-associated virus type 4. | adeno-associated virus (aav) is a member of the parvoviridae, belonging to the dependovirus genus. currently, several distinct isolates of aav are in development for use in human gene therapy applications due to their ability to transduce different target cells. the need to manipulate aav capsids for specific tissue delivery has generated interest in understanding their capsid structures. the structure of aav type 4 (aav4), one of the most antigenically distinct serotypes, was determined to 13-a ... | 2005 | 15795290 |
| recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated trail gene therapy suppresses liver metastatic tumors. | to evaluate the tumoricidal activity of tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (trail) on disseminated liver metastatic tumors, we constructed a recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) expressing the extracellular domain (95-281aa) of human trail (trail(95-281), and the recombinant virus was designated as raav-trail) using the 3-plasmid, helper-virus-free, packaging system. transduction of mouse lymphoma el-4 cells and jurkat t cells lead to the expression of trail(95-28 ... | 2005 | 15800912 |
| highly efficient ex vivo gene delivery into human corneal endothelial cells by recombinant adeno-associated virus. | gene delivery at high efficiency is crucial for cornea endothelial cell gene therapy. this study investigated the efficiency of gene transfer by recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) in an organ culture system. | 2005 | 15804747 |
| modified infusion procedures affect recombinant adeno-associated virus vector type 2 transduction in the liver. | recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) vectors have therapeutic potential for the treatment of several types of liver diseases including hepato-deficiency disorders. most of the preclinical and clinical applications involve the use of adeno-associated vector serotype 2 (aav-2). however, when this vector is delivered at high doses into the portal vein or hepatic artery, a relatively small number of hepatocytes are stably transduced. we elected to determine if the route of vector administration ... | 2005 | 15812225 |
| adrenomedullin gene delivery alleviates hypertension and its secondary injuries of cardiovascular system. | adrenomedullin (am) is a hypotensive peptide that functions as an important regulator in the cardiovascular and renal systems. the current study explored the potential therapeutic effects of delivering the human am cdna via a novel double-stranded adeno-associated virus vector (dsaav) on hypertension and related complications in spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr). a single dose of dsaav-am vector administered by tail vein injection into adult shr resulted in significant reduction of systolic ... | 2005 | 15812232 |
| widespread dispersion of adeno-associated virus serotype 1 and adeno-associated virus serotype 6 vectors in the rat central nervous system and in human glioblastoma multiforme xenografts. | the transduction patterns of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (aav1) and serotype 6 (aav6) vectors were assessed in human glioblastoma multiforme (gbm) cell lines, in human gbm biopsy spheroids, and in tumor xenografts growing in nude rat brains. all the cell lines tested (a172, d37, gamg, hf66, and u373mg) were found to be permissive to both aav1 and aav6 vectors, and thus displayed a transduction pattern similar to aav2 vectors. for every cell line tested, the transduction efficie ... | 2005 | 15812233 |
| controlling neuropathic pain by adeno-associated virus driven production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10. | despite many decades of drug development, effective therapies for neuropathic pain remain elusive. the recent recognition of spinal cord glia and glial pro-inflammatory cytokines as important contributors to neuropathic pain suggests an alternative therapeutic strategy; that is, targeting glial activation or its downstream consequences. while several glial-selective drugs have been successful in controlling neuropathic pain in animal models, none are optimal for human use. thus the aim of the pr ... | 2005 | 15813997 |
| photochemical enhancement of gene delivery to glioblastoma cells is dependent on the vector applied. | photodynamic therapy (pdt) and gene therapy protocols are separately under clinical evaluation for treatment of brain malignancies. here, the potential of a novel combination technique, photo-induced delivery of macromolecules and genes to glioblastoma cells, is evaluated. | 2005 | 15816550 |
| aids vaccine development: perspectives, challenges & hopes. | the worldwide quest for an aids vaccine represents an unprecedented scientific and human challenge for the 21st century. preventive vaccines represent our only long-term hope to stop the epidemic. aids vaccines must be seen as the ultimate prevention tool that will complement the existing prevention strategies in place. the acceleration of vaccine development through the parallel exploration of several scientific approaches and implementation of clinical trials are the best and probably only way ... | 2005 | 15817964 |
| expression of erythropoietin in cats treated with a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector. | to characterize the biological effects of im administration of a recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (raav2) vector containing feline erythropoietin (fepo) cdna and determine whether readministration of the vector or removal of muscle tissue at the injection sites alters those effects. | 2005 | 15822590 |
| serotype-specific replicating aav helper constructs increase recombinant aav type 2 vector production. | one of the major limitations of the use of adeno-associated virus (aav) as a tool for gene therapy is the difficulty in providing sufficient quantities of the virus for pre-clinical and clinical trials. here, we report a novel approach for amplifying aav helper functions, which mimics the normal replication of wild type (wt) aav resulting in a high yield of aav vectors. cotransfection of replicating but non-packaging aav helper constructs in the presence of adenovirus (ad) produces a high level ... | 2005 | 15823602 |
| postsurgical assessment and long-term safety of recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer into the retinas of dogs and primates. | to evaluate, in dogs and primates, the short-term effects of subretinal injection and the safety of long-term recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav)-mediated transgene expression with respect to retinal morphology and function. | 2005 | 15824224 |
| a conformational change in the adeno-associated virus type 2 capsid leads to the exposure of hidden vp1 n termini. | the complex infection process of parvoviruses is not well understood so far. an important role has been attributed to a phospholipase a2 domain which is located within the unique n terminus of the capsid protein vp1. based on the structural difference between adeno-associated virus type 2 wild-type capsids and capsids lacking vp1 or vp2, we show via electron cryomicroscopy that the n termini of vp1 and vp2 are involved in forming globules inside the capsids of empty and full particles. upon limi ... | 2005 | 15827144 |
| sheep retrovirus structural protein induces lung tumours. | jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (jsrv) causes a contagious lung cancer in sheep and goats, with significant animal health and economic consequences. the host range of jsrv is in part limited by species-specific differences in the virus entry receptor, hyaluronidase 2 (hyal2), which is not functional as a receptor in mice but is functional in humans. sheep are immunotolerant of jsrv because of the expression of closely related endogenous retroviruses, which are not present in humans and most other sp ... | 2005 | 15829964 |
| intracellular trafficking of adeno-associated viral vectors. | adeno-associated virus (aav) has attracted considerable interest as a gene therapy vector over the past decade. in all, 85% of the current 2052 pubmed references on aav (as of december 2004) have been published in the last 10 years. as researchers have moved forward with using this vector system for gene delivery, an increased appreciation for the complexities of aav biology has emerged. the biology of recombinant aav (raav) transduction has demonstrated considerable diversity in different cell ... | 2005 | 15829993 |
| enhanced expression of glutamate decarboxylase 65 improves symptoms of rat parkinsonian models. | in this study, we report the amelioration of parkinsonian symptoms in rat parkinson's disease (pd) models, as a result of the expression of glutamate decarboxylase (gad) 65 with a modified cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter. the transfer of the gene for gamma-amino butryic acid (gad), the rate-limiting enzyme in gama-amino butrylic acid (gaba) production, has been investigated as a means to increase inhibitory synaptic activity. electrophysiological evidence suggests that the transfer of the gad65 g ... | 2005 | 15829994 |
| gene therapy for obesity. | a sedentary life-style and an environment of caloric abundance have contributed to the recent rise in the incidence of obesity. treating such a complex disease requires an understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms that has only recently become possible with the sequencing of the human genome and the mapping of hundreds of genes associated with increased risk of obesity. with few safe and efficacious weight-maintenance drugs available on the market, gene therapy offers an alternative l ... | 2005 | 15833072 |
| stable antibody expression at therapeutic levels using the 2a peptide. | therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mabs) are currently being developed for the treatment of cancer and other diseases. despite clinical success, widespread application of mab therapies may be limited by manufacturing capabilities. in this paper, we describe a mab delivery system that allows continuous production of a full-length antibody at high-concentrations in vivo after gene transfer. the mab is expressed from a single open reading frame by linking the heavy and light chains with a 2a self-p ... | 2005 | 15834403 |
| adeno-associated virus vectors are able to restore fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase-deficiency. implications for gene therapy in sjogren-larsson syndrome. | sjogren-larsson syndrome (sls) is caused by an autosomal recessive defect in the gene coding for fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase (faldh), an enzyme necessary for the oxidation of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acid as one enzyme of the fatty alcohol:nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (nad+)-oxidoreductase complex (fao). the impaired activity of faldh leads to the clinical symptom triad of generalized ichthyosis, mental retardation, and spastic diplegia or tetraplegia. treatment options are ... | 2005 | 15834613 |
| adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer of human aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase protects mixed striatal primary cultures from l-dopa toxicity. | although l-dopa is the drug of choice for parkinson's disease, prolonged l-dopa therapy results in decreased drug effectiveness and the appearance of motor complications. this may be due in part to the progressive loss of the enzyme, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (aadc). we have developed an adeno-associated virus vector (aav-haadc) that contains human aadc cdna under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter. infusion of this vector into the striatum of parkinsonian rats and monkeys imp ... | 2005 | 15836622 |
| one year transgene expression with adeno-associated virus cardiac gene transfer. | adeno-associated virus (aav) has shown promise as a vector for cardiac gene transfer given its ability to stably integrate into the host genome and its lack of immune reactivity. this study examined the feasibility of aav-mediated myocardial gene transfer in mice, the animal which, because of transgenic technology, has become the disease model of choice for cardiovascular research. | 2005 | 15837086 |
| enhancing raav vector expression in the lung. | despite favorable dna transfer efficiency, gene expression from recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav2) vectors in the lung has been variable in the context of cystic fibrosis (cf) gene therapy. this is due, in part, to the large size of the cf transmembrane regulator (cftr)-coding sequence which necessitates the use of compact endogenous promoter elements versus stronger exogenous promoters. we evaluated the possibility that gene expression from raav could be improved by using aav capsid ser ... | 2005 | 15838934 |
| the additive erectile recovery effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor combined with vascular endothelial growth factor in a rat model of neurogenic impotence. | to test the hypothesis that combined intracavernosal injection with vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) with adeno-associated virus-mediated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (aav-bdnf) synergistically facilitates the neural regeneration and erectile function after cavernosal nerve injury. | 2005 | 15839936 |
| intracellular route and biological activity of exogenously delivered rep proteins from the adeno-associated virus type 2. | the two large rep proteins, rep78 and rep68, from the adeno-associated virus type 2 (aav-2) are required for aav-2 dna replication, site-specific integration, and for the regulation of viral gene expression. the study of their activities is dependent on the ability to deliver these proteins to the cells in a time and dose-dependent manner. we evaluated the ability of a protein transduction domain (ptd) derived from the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv-1) tat protein to drive the cellular inte ... | 2005 | 15840524 |
| use of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors as a tool for labeling bone marrow cells. | we have tested the feasibility of using recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav) vectors as a tool for labeling bone marrow (bm) cells in vivo. we infected bm cells of donor fvb mice with raav vectors containing the lacz gene for 2 h. we then injected the raav-infected cells to lethally irradiated-recipient fvb mice. peripheral blood (pb), bm and spleen harvested at 4 weeks after bm transplant (bmt) demonstrated stable engraftment in beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) expression. in contrast, dil-la ... | 2005 | 15850573 |
| restoration of aspartoacylase activity in cns neurons does not ameliorate motor deficits and demyelination in a model of canavan disease. | canavan disease is an early onset leukodystrophy associated with psychomotor retardation, seizures, and premature death. this disorder is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme aspartoacylase (aspa). normally, aspa is enriched in oligodendrocytes and aspa deficiency results in elevated levels of its substrate molecule, n-acetylaspartate (naa), brain edema, and dysmyelination. using adeno-associated virus, we permanently expressed aspa in cns neurons of the tremor rat, a genetic mode ... | 2005 | 15851013 |
| virus-delivered small rna silencing sustains strength in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | mutations in superoxide dismutase cause a subset of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and provoke progressive paralysis when expressed in mice. after retrograde transport to the spinal cord following injection into muscles, an adeno-associated virus carrying a gene that encodes a small interfering rna was shown to target superoxide dismutase messenger rna for degradation. the corresponding decrease in mutant superoxide dismutase in spinal motor neurons preserved grip strength. this finding ... | 2005 | 15852369 |
| synergy of insulin-like growth factor-1 and exercise in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (als) is a neurodegenerative disease of the neuromuscular system resulting in paralysis and ultimately death. currently, no effective therapy is prescribed for patients; however, several therapeutic strategies are showing promise. either exercise or treatment with adeno-associated virus/insulin-like growth factor-1 alone has therapeutic benefits in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis transgenic mouse model. we show here that activity duration affects the therapeutic be ... | 2005 | 15852403 |
| [regulation of aav-mediated glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor expression by using improved tet-on trans-activator]. | to control the expression of aav-mediated glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (gdnf) gene purposely by incorporating novel tet-on trans-activator rtta2s-s2, which prevents potential harms caused by over-expression of recombinant target genes. | 2005 | 15854532 |
| targeting human glioblastoma cells: comparison of nine viruses with oncolytic potential. | brain tumors classified as glioblastomas have proven refractory to treatment and generally result in death within a year of diagnosis. we used seven in vitro tests and one in vivo trial to compare the efficacy of nine different viruses for targeting human glioblastoma. green fluorescent protein (gfp)-expressing vesicular stomatitis (vsv), sindbis virus, pseudorabies virus (prv), adeno-associated virus (aav), and minute virus of mice i-strain (mvmi) and mvmp all infected glioblastoma cells. mouse ... | 2005 | 15857987 |