Publications

differential expression of immunoregulatory genes in male and female norway rats following infection with seoul virus.	males of many species are more susceptible than females to infections caused by parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. following inoculation with seoul virus, male rats have more virus present in target organs and shed virus longer than females. the goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that variation in the expression of genes associated with immune function mediates sex differences in hantavirus infection. using dna microarrays, we examined changes in gene expression in lung tissue d ...	2004	15258986
rapid field test for detection of hantavirus antibodies in rodents.	puumala virus (puuv) is the causative agent of nephropathia epidemica, a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. puuv is transmitted to humans via aerosolized excreta of the infected bank vole (clethrionomys glareolus). current methods for screening of the puuv prevalence among bank vole populations are laborious, combining sampling in the field and subsequent analyses in the laboratory. in order to facilitate animal testing, a new serological immunochromatographic rapid test was de ...	2004	15188724
regulation of cellular gene expression in endothelial cells by sin nombre and prospect hill viruses.	mechanisms of hantavirus-induced vascular leakage remain unknown. this study was initiated to determine whether hantavirus-induced changes in endothelial cell gene expression may provide insight into disease mechanisms. additionally, by using pathogenic sin nombre virus (snv) and non-pathogenic prospect hill virus (phv), we wanted to identify cellular responses that are likely to differentiate pathogenic from nonpathogenic hantaviruses. using the affymetrix dna array, we found that phv and snv d ...	2004	15279702
community ecology of small mammal populations in panamá following an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	in late 1999 and early 2000, an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) occurred in and around los santos, on the azuero peninsula of southwestern panamá. this hps episode, resulting in 22% case fatality, was linked to the costa rican pigmy rice rat, oligoryzomys fulvescens costaricensis, which harbored a then undescribed hantavirus, choclo virus. in addition, cherrie's cane rat, zygodontomys brevicauda cherriei, was identified as carrying a distinct hantavirus, calabazo virus with no kn ...	2004	15266755
hantavirus puumala infection as a cause of fever of unknown origin in a child.	hantavirus infection due to puumala virus causes nephropathica epidemica, a disorder characterized by fever, haematological abnormalities, mild renal dysfunction and ophthalmological abnormalities. the prevalence in most european countries is low, but the virus can be endemic. in children, hantavirus infection is rare. this paper describes a young girl diagnosed with hantavirus infection. the patient presented with high fever, proteinuria, haematuria and eye lesions, but other typical hallmarks ...	2004	15456206
high yields of stable and highly pure nucleocapsid proteins of different hantaviruses can be generated in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae.	recently, the high-level expression of authentic and hexahistidine (his)-tagged puumala (strain vranica/hällnäs) hantavirus nucleocapsid protein derivatives in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has been reported [dargeviciute et al., vaccine, 20 (2002) 3523-3531]. here we describe the expression of his-tagged nucleocapsid proteins of other puumala virus strains (sotkamo, kazan) as well as dobrava (strains slovenia and slovakia) and hantaan (strain fojnica) hantaviruses using the same system. al ...	2004	15246668
generation of competent bone marrow-derived antigen presenting cells from the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus).	human infections with sin nombre virus (snv) and related new world hantaviruses often lead to hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps), a sometimes fatal illness. lungs of patients who die from hcps exhibit cytokine-producing mononuclear infiltrates and pronounced pulmonary inflammation. deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) are the principal natural hosts of snv, in which the virus establishes life-long persistence without conspicuous pathology. little is known about the mechanisms snv employs t ...	2004	15458574
identification of seoul hantavirus in rattus norvegicus in indonesia.	the first genetic evidence for the presence of seoul hantavirus (seov) in indonesia is presented. partial m segment sequence was recovered from the lung tissue of rattus norvegicus trapped in central jakarta. the sequence belongs to seov genotype and is most closely related to the strain b-1 from japan.	2004	15287380
detection of puumala hantavirus antibody with elisa using a recombinant truncated nucleocapsid protein expressed in escherichia coli.	a truncated recombinant nucleocapsid protein (rnp118) consisting of the first 118 amino-terminal amino acids (aa) of the puumala hantavirus (puuv) nucleocapsid protein expressed in escherichia coli, was evaluated for its antigenicity and reliability as serodiagnostic antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of puuv antibodies in human sera. the puuv nucleocapsid protein has been shown to contain several b-cell epitopes, mapped within the first 118 amino-terminal aa. ...	2004	15279709
cell fusion activities of hantaan virus envelope glycoproteins.	hantaan virus (htnv)-infected vero e6 cells undergo cell fusion with both infected and uninfected cells under low-ph conditions. flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy of htnv-infected vero e6 cells showed that envelope glycoproteins (gps) were located both on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm. neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the g1 and g2 envelope gps inhibited cell fusion, whereas nonneutralizing mabs against g1 or g2 and mabs against the nucleocapsid protein (np) did ...	2004	15367644
[emerging zoonoses linked to pets in the autonomous community of madrid: design of a method for setting public health priorities, spain].	the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases are a major concern in public health. the unique socio-demographic aspects of the autonomous community of madrid make it necessary for a greater deal of attention to be paid to pet-transmitted zoonoses. this study is aimed as heightening the knowledge of the emerging and re-emerging pet-transmitted zoonoses and the design of a method for prioritizing the same.	2004	15293959
characterization of tula virus from common voles (microtus arvalis) in poland: evidence for geographic-specific phylogenetic clustering.	tula virus (tulv), a recently identified arvicolid rodent-borne hantavirus, is harbored by the european common vole (microtus arvalis) in central russia and the czech and slovak republics. we report the isolation and characterization of this hantavirus from m. arvalis captured in poland, a country where human disease caused by hantaviruses has not been recognized. of 34 arvicolid rodents (24 clethrionomys glareolus, 9 m. arvalis, 1 pitymys sp.) captured in lodz and tuszyn, poland, during june to ...	2004	15284484
seoul hantavirus in europe: first demonstration of the virus genome in wild rattus norvegicus captured in france.	although rats (rattus rattus or rattus norvegicus) worldwide have been found to carry seoul hantavirus, there are at present only a very few reports of confirmed human seoul hantavirus infections outside asia, where the virus, in certain areas, is responsible for approximately 25% of the human hantavirus infections. in europe, no confirmed human infections outside laboratories have been described, and although rats occasionally have been found to be antibody positive, the viral genome has not be ...	2004	15322934
[transient expression and characterization of intracellular single chain fv against the nucleocapsid protein of hantavirus].	to transiently express an intracellular single chain fv of monoclonal antibody 1a8 against nucleocapsid protein of hantavirus and characterize the immunological activities of the expressed products.	2004	15555441
epitope analysis of monoclonal antibody e5/g6, which binds to a linear epitope in the nucleocapsid protein of hantaviruses.	monoclonal antibody e5/g6 recognized a linear epitope common to hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins. using synthetic peptides, we identified epitope e5/g6 as the 9 mer yedvngirk (np 165-173), in which d167, g170, i171, and r172 are indispensable. furthermore, all the peptides synthesized using various hantavirus sequences bound mab e5/g6 consistently, despite the existence of several amino acid variations in this region. these results indicate that mab e5/g6 is a useful tool for detecting hantaviru ...	2004	15338326
modification of endothelial cell functions by hantaan virus infection: prolonged hyper-permeability induced by tnf-alpha of hantaan virus-infected endothelial cell monolayers.	serious vascular leakage is central to the pathogenesis of hantavirus infections. however, there is no evidence suggesting the hantavirus infection of endothelial cells directly causes obvious cell damage or morphological alteration either in vivo or in vitro. in this study, we examined whether hantaan virus (htnv) infection modifies the barrier function of endothelial cell monolayers upon the exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines. low levels (1 ng/ml) of tumor necrosis factor-alpha initially i ...	2004	15221531
vp7 mediates the interaction of rotaviruses with integrin alphavbeta3 through a novel integrin-binding site.	rotavirus entry is a complex multistep process that depends on the trypsin cleavage of the virus spike protein vp4 into polypeptides vp5 and vp8 and on the interaction of these polypeptides and of vp7, the second viral surface protein, with several cell surface molecules, including integrin alphavbeta3. we characterized the effect of the trypsin cleavage of vp4 on the binding to ma104 cells of the sialic acid-dependent virus strain rrv and its sialic acid-independent variant, nar3. we found that ...	2004	15452204
age-dependent hantavirus-specific cd8(+) t-cell responses in mice infected with hantaan virus.	to investigate age-dependent differences in hantavirus-specific cd8(+) t-cell responses, mice were inoculated with 0.1 50% newborn mouse lethal dose of hantaan virus (htnv) at 0, 3, 7, 14, or 35 days after birth. htnv-specific cd8(+) t cells producing gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) were measured on day 30 after htnv inoculation. although no ifn-gamma-producing htnv-specific cd8(+) t cells were detected in most of the mice inoculated with htnv on day 0 after birth, most mice inoculated at 3, 7, 14, ...	2004	15221537
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in northwestern argentina: circulation of laguna negra virus associated with calomys callosus.	the purpose of this study was to characterize the hantaviruses circulating in northwestern argentina. human and rodent studies were conducted in yuto, where most cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) occur. partial virus genome sequences were obtained from the blood of 12 cases of hps, and from the lungs of 4 calomys callosus and 1 akodon simulator. phylogenetic analysis showed that three genotypes associated with hps circulate in yuto. laguna negra (ln) virus, associated with c. laucha i ...	2004	15569801
development of reassortant viruses between pathogenic hantavirus strains.	segment reassortment of negative strand viruses is an important mechanism for the development of new virus strains with altered pathogenicity. this study reports on in vitro generation of reassortants between andes (andv) and sin nombre (snv) viruses. although they both cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps), andv is the only hantavirus that has been transmitted from person to person (). following dual infection of cells with andv and snv, 8.9% of 337 progeny plaques contained reassortants, o ...	2004	15351210
[study on the molecular epidemiology of hantaviruse carried by hosts in northern suburb of beijing].	to investigate hantanvirus infection of captured rodents in haidian district and changping district of beijing and to type hantavirus using molecular technique.	2004	15231170
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in latin america.	since the identification of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the united states in 1993, latin america has been the region of the world where more hantaviruses have been identified, associated with human disease or not. this update shows the advances in the study of hantaviruses in several countries of the region and the problems that are still unresolved.	2004	15353962
transmission study of andes hantavirus infection in wild sigmodontine rodents.	our study was designed to contribute to an understanding of the timing and conditions under which transmission of andes hantavirus in oligoryzomys longicaudatus reservoir populations takes place. mice were caged in test habitats consisting of steel drums containing holding cages, where seronegative rodents were exposed to wild seropositive individuals by freely sharing the same cage or being separated by a wire mesh. tests were also performed for potential viral transmission to mice from excreme ...	2004	15479837
vaccination of c57/bl6 mice with dobrava hantavirus nucleocapsid protein in freund's adjuvant induced partial protection against challenge.	dobrava hantavirus (dobv) causes a severe form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) for which there is no therapy or vaccine available. we compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant dobv nucleocapsid protein (rdobv n) given with alum or freund's as adjuvant, or pbs, in c57/bl6 mice. all mice given alum or freund's seroconverted as did 6/8 mice given rdobv n with pbs. reciprocal geometric mean total igg-titers were 5380, 18,100, and 800, respectively, while the ...	2004	15364453
novel and re-emerging respiratory infections.	over the last decade a number of novel viral respiratory pathogens have appeared or been recognized. most of these are zoonoses, which have the capacity to infect humans directly or via an intermediate host. all but metapneumovirus are known to have caused epidemics of severe disease and at least two (the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus and influenza h5n1) have the potential to cause global pandemics. possible preventive measures and treatment options against these new diseases are ...	2004	15482205
trimeric hantavirus nucleocapsid protein binds specifically to the viral rna panhandle.	hantaviruses are tripartite negative-sense rna viruses and members of the bunyaviridae family. the nucleocapsid (n) protein is encoded by the smallest of the three genome segments (s). n protein is the principal structural component of the viral capsid and is central to the hantavirus replication cycle. we examined intermolecular n-protein interaction and rna binding by using bacterially expressed sin nombre virus n protein. n assembles into di- and trimeric forms. the mono- and dimeric forms ex ...	2004	15254200
medical treatment of viral pneumonia including sars in immunocompetent adult.	since no randomized controlled trials have been conducted on the treatment of viral pneumonia by antivirals or immunomodulators in immunocompetent adults, a review of such anecdotal experience are needed for the more rational use of such agents. case reports (single or case series) with details on their treatment and outcome in the english literature can be reviewed for pneumonia caused by human or avian influenza a virus (50 patients), varicella zoster virus (120), adenovirus (29), hantavirus ( ...	2004	15474623
tula hantavirus infection of vero e6 cells induces apoptosis involving caspase 8 activation.	hantaviruses are known to cause two severe human diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the mechanisms of pathogenesis of these two diseases are progressively becoming understood. recently, two hantaviruses, hantaan and prospect hill were reported to cause programmed cell death of vero e6 cells. this study shows that tula hantavirus (tulv) infection efficiently triggers an apoptotic programme in infected vero e6 cells, and that the replication of tulv ...	2004	15483239
[cellular ultrastructural changes of bone marrow of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].	to observe cytopathogenic effect of hantaan virus (hv) on cultured human bone marrow cells.	2004	15340508
complete gene sequence of a human puumala hantavirus isolate, puumala umeå/hu: sequence comparison and characterisation of encoded gene products.	puumala virus is a member of the hantavirus genus in the bunyaviridae family, and the major causative agent of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in europe. this study was conducted with a human puumala virus isolate (puuv umeå/hu), and contains the determination of the first complete puuv sequence from a human source. when the relationship to other puumala viruses was analysed, a possible rna segment exchange between two local strains of puuv was noticed. furthermore, the coding regions of ...	2004	15351488
placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of intravenous ribavirin for the treatment of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in north america.	background. ribavirin is active in vitro against hantaviruses, but the findings of an open trial of the use of intravenous ribavirin for the treatment of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) were inconclusive.	2004	15494907
identifying rodent hantavirus reservoirs, brazil.	we describe the genetic analysis of samples from hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) patients from southern and southeastern states of brazil and rodents captured at the presumed site of infection of these patients. a total of 65 samples that were antibody-positive for sin nombre or laguna negra virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were processed by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) by using several primer combinations in the m and s genome segments. pcr produ ...	2004	15663849
[screening for antibodies against zoonotic agents among employees of the zoological garden of vienna, schönbrunn, austria].	the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against zoonotic agents in employees of the zoological garden of vienna, schönbrunn, austria. sixty out of 120 employees participated in the study. in 97% of them antibodies to at least one zoonotic agent were identified. only two participants were free of antibodies to the zoonotic agents tested. the following seroprevalences (in brackets) were obtained: viral zoonotic (and potentially zoonotic) agents: influenzavirus a/h1n1 ...	2004	15495931
thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure in puumala hantavirus infections.	nephropathia epidemica, caused by puumala virus (puuv) infection, is a form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome of variable severity. early prognostic markers for the severity of renal failure have not been established. we evaluated clinical and laboratory parameters of 15 consecutive patients with acute puuv infection, which is endemic in the alb-danube region, south germany. severe renal failure (serum creatinine >620 micromol/l) was observed in seven patients; four required hemodialysis ...	2004	15496243
hantaviruses: immunology, treatment, and prevention.	hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses that are associated with two main clinical diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. it has been suggested that host-related immune mechanisms rather than direct viral cytopathology may be responsible for the principal abnormality (vascular dysfunction) in these syndromes. this review summarizes the current knowledge on hantaviral host immune responses, immune abnormalities, laboratory diagnosis, and an ...	2004	15671746
hantavirus infection in anajatuba, maranhao, brazil.	in 2000, the first outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome was recognized in the brazilian amazon (maranhao state). an epidemiologic study identified a 13.3% prevalence of hantavirus-specific immunoglobulin g. the analysis of risk factors suggests that persons are occupationally exposed to infected rodents in the crop fields.	2004	15496259
[the epidemic characteristics and preventive measures of hemorrhagic fever with syndromes in china].	to summarize and analyze the epidemic situation of hantaviruses including geographic distribution, types and prevalent intensity of epidemic areas of hantavirus for the last 30 years in china, and to discuss relative preventive measures.	2004	15231118
maporal virus, a hantavirus associated with the fulvous pygmy rice rat (oligoryzomys fulvescens) in western venezuela.	oryzomine rodents in the southeastern united states, panama, and southern south america are natural hosts of 6 of the 13 viruses known to cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. the purpose of this study was to extend our knowledge of the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of the hantaviruses associated with oryzomine rodents in south america. an infectious hantavirus was isolated from two fulvous pygmy rice rats captured in western venezuela. analyses of complete nucleocapsid protein ...	2004	15246651
neutralizing antibodies and sin nombre virus rna after recovery from hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.	patients who later have a mild course of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) are more likely to exhibit a high titer of neutralizing antibodies against sin nombre virus (snv), the etiologic agent of hcps, at the time of hospital admission. because administering plasma from patients who have recovered from hcps to those in the early stages of disease may be an advantageous form of passive immunotherapy, we examined the neutralizing antibody titers of 21 patients who had recovered from snv ...	2004	15109416
outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, los santos, panama, 1999-2000.	an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome occurred in the province of los santos, panama, in late 1999 and early 2000. eleven cases were identified; 9 were confirmed by serology. three cases were fatal; however, no confirmed case-patient died. case-neighborhood serologic surveys resulted in an overall hantavirus antibody prevalence of 13% among household and neighborhood members from the outbreak foci. epidemiologic investigations did not suggest person-to-person transmission of hantavirus in ...	2004	15498167
periodically varying externally imposed environmental effects on population dynamics.	effects of externally imposed periodic changes in the environment on population dynamics are studied with the help of a simple model. the environmental changes are represented by the temporal and spatial dependence of the competition terms in a standard equation of evolution. possible applications of the analysis are on the one hand to bacteria in petri dishes and on the other to rodents in the context of the spread of the hantavirus epidemic. the analysis shows that spatiotemporal structures em ...	2004	15524554
epizootiological and epidemiological study of hantavirus infection in japan.	epizootiological surveys on hantavirus infections in rodents were carried out in various areas of japan, including the four major islands of hokkaido, honshu, shikoku, and kyushu from 2000 to 2003. a total of 1,221 rodents and insectivores were captured. seropositive animals were found in apodemus (a.) speciosus (5/482, 1.0%), rattus (r.) norvegicus (4/364, 1.1%), r. rattus (3/45, 6.7%), and clethrionomys (c.) rufocanus (7/197, 3.6%). the partial s segment was amplified from one seropositive r. ...	2004	15557742
study of hantavirus infection in captive breed colonies of wild rodents.	wild sigmondontine rodents are known to be the reservoir of several serotypes of new world hantaviruses. the mechanism of viral transmission is by aerosol inhalation of the excreta from infected rodents. considering that the captive breed colonies of various wild mammals may present a potential risk for hantaviral transmission, we examined 85 specimens of thrichomys spp. (echimyidae) and 17 speciemens of nectomys squamipes (sigmodontinae) from our colony for the presence of hantavirus infections ...	2004	15558166
oligomerization of hantavirus n protein: c-terminal alpha-helices interact to form a shared hydrophobic space.	the structure of the nucleocapsid protein of bunyaviruses has not been defined. earlier we have shown that tula hantavirus n protein oligomerization is dependent on the c-terminal domains. of them, the helix-loop-helix motif was found to be an essential structure. computer modeling predicted that oligomerization occurs via helix protrusions, and the shared hydrophobic space formed by amino acids residues 380-iillf-384 in the first helix and 413-li-414 in the second helix is responsible for stabi ...	2004	15564476
andes virus m genome segment is not sufficient to confer the virulence associated with andes virus in syrian hamsters.	sin nombre virus (snv) and andes virus (andv), members of the genus hantavirus, in the family bunyaviridae, are causative agents of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) in north and south america, respectively. although andv causes a lethal hps-like disease in hamsters, snv, and all other hps-associated hantaviruses that have been tested, cause asymptomatic infections of laboratory animals, including hamsters. in an effort to understand the pathogenicity of andv in the hamster model, we generated ...	2004	15262501
genetic relatedness of deer mice (peromyscus maniculatus) infected with sin nombre virus.	the deer mouse (peromyscus maniculatus) is the primary rodent host of sin nombre virus (snv), the principal etiologic agent of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the united states. many characteristics of snv infections of deer mice are unknown. to better understand the transmission mechanisms of snv in deer mice, we conducted mark-recapture sampling and genetic analyses to study deer mouse population density and genetic relatedness from 2001 to 2002. we genotyped each deer mouse at 10 microsatell ...	2004	15228816
serological characterization of a hantavirus from hubei, china.	hantavirus hv114, isolated from urine of a patient during epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in china, was subjected to a detailed serological characterization using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), neutralization test and indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay (ifa). it has been found that hv114 is antigenically similar to the hantavirus a9 strain isolated in china and to the hantaan 76-118 virus (htnv 76-118), but different from the hantaviruses isolated fro ...	2004	15230468
[new epidemiologic and molecular evidence of person to person transmission of hantavirus andes sout].	after the hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) outbreak occurred in southern argentina (patagonia) in 1996, a new mechanism of hantavirus spread was described for andes virus (and): person-to-person transmission. since then, this mode of transmission has been limited to the endemic area of and sout lineage. we report here an hps case, patient a, with residence in buenos aires province, whose unique epidemiological risk factor was to have shared a trip to southern argentina with an already ill per ...	2004	15034956
serosurvey of wild rodents for hantaviruses in panama, 2000-2002.	five hundred fifty-six samples representing 24 species of small mammals (two species of marsupials and 22 rodents) were collected in panama between february 2000 and july 2002. the samples were examined for antibodies to hantaviruses by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or immunoblot assays. the serologic results indicated that several rodent species might act as hantaviral reservoirs in panama: costa rican pygmy rice rat (oligoryzomys fulvescens costaricensis), four positive of 72 test ...	2004	15137495
detection of brazilian hantavirus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification of n gene in patients with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome.	we report a nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay for hantavirus using primers selected to match high homology regions of hantavirus genomes detected from the whole blood of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) patients from brazil, also including the n gene nucleotide sequence of araraquara virus. hantavirus genomes were detected in eight out of nine blood samples from the hcps patients by rt-pcr (88.9% positivity) and in all 9 blood samples (100% positivit ...	2004	15558177
[a new genetic variant of the puuv virus from the maritime territory and its natural carrier red-grey vole clethrionomys rufocanus].	pulmonary tissues of red-grey voles, clethrionomys rufocanus from shkotovo district and maritime territory were investigated. rt-pcr was used to detect the hantavirus nt-222 m-segment genome and nt-403 mitochondrial dna fragment. a new genetic variant of the puuv virus named as "shkotovo", that is different from other puuv strains by 18-23%, was shown to be circulating in red-grey voles. a phylogenetic analysis denoted 2 puuv subgroups with their rodent-host branching into c. graleolus and c. ru ...	2004	15597959
effects of internal fluctuations on the spreading of hantavirus.	we study the spread of hantavirus over a host population of deer mice using a population dynamics model. we show that taking into account the internal fluctuations in the mouse population due to its discrete character strongly alters the behavior of the system. in addition to the familiar transition present in the deterministic model, the inclusion of internal fluctuations leads to the emergence of an additional deterministically hidden transition. we determine parameter values that lead to maxi ...	2004	15697402
serologic evidence of hantavirus infection in humans, colombia.		2004	15672536
two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome--randolph county, west virginia, july 2004.	hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) is a rare cardiopulmonary disease caused by viruses of the genus hantavirus, for which rodents are the natural reservoir. transmission to humans occurs by direct contact with rodents or their excreta or by inhalation of aerosolized infectious material (e.g., dust created by disturbing rodent nests). in july 2004, hps cases (including one fatal case) were reported in two persons believed to have been exposed at sites approximately 12 miles apart in randolph cou ...	2004	15565018
protective effectiveness of hantavirus vaccine.	a case-control study in the republic of korea evaluated the protective effectiveness of the hantavirus vaccine. point estimates showed increasing effectiveness with increasing numbers of doses received: 25% for one dose, 46% for two doses, and 75% for three doses. all 95% confidence intervals overlapped zero; therefore, the findings could be due to chance.	2004	15663866
[hantavirus pulmonary syndrome].		2004	15624470
identification of dobrava, hantaan, seoul, and puumala viruses by one-step real-time rt-pcr.	we developed four assays for specifically identifying dobrava (dob), hantaan (htn), puumala (puu), and seoul (seo) viruses. the assays are based on the real-time one-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) with the small segment used as the target sequence. the detection limits of dob, htn, puu, and seo assays were 25, 25, 25, and 12.5 plaque-forming units, respectively. the assays were evaluated in blinded experiments, each with 100 samples that contained andes, black cree ...	2004	15664046
hantavirus host/virus interactions within southeast europe.	viral studies have historically approached their phylogenetic analysis without consideration of the impact of the role the host plays in evolution. our study examines host/viral interactions through analysis of the phylogenetic relationship between hantavirus genetic sequences and host cytochrome b sequences. phylogenetic analysis of known hantavirus genetic sequences were performed using paup 3.1.1 (vers. 4.0.0d64). only sequences available through genbank were analyzed. phylogenetic analysis o ...	2004	15628989
differential antiviral response of endothelial cells after infection with pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses.	hantaviruses represent important human pathogens and can induce hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs), which is characterized by endothelial dysfunction. both pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses replicate without causing any apparent cytopathic effect, suggesting that immunopathological mechanisms play an important role in pathogenesis. we compared the antiviral responses triggered by hantaan virus (htnv), a pathogenic hantavirus associated with hfrs, and tula virus (tulv), a rather ...	2004	15163707
fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia concomitant with chlamydia pneumoniae and parainfluenza virus 4 infection.	cases of fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia need to be investigated for highly contagious viral causes. while not all hemorrhagic pneumonias are caused by very contagious agents, the etiology must be correctly determined in order to administer appropriate patient care.	2004	15163237
[hantaviruses and hantavirus infections].	hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hvrs) has been for decades a topical problem for healthcare systems of many countries in the eurasian continent. viruses triggering hvrs alongside with other related viruses (but not pathogenic to man) were discovered in 70-80-ies and formed a new genus hantavirus of the bunyaviridae family. the study results of a severe outbreak of the respiratory disease with the mortality rate of 60% (south-west of the usa, 1933) showed that hantaviruses were also among ...	2004	15188654
[diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and bacterial endocarditis].		2004	15193054
prevalence of hantavirus antibody in patients with chronic renal disease in egypt.	in egypt, the etiology of chronic renal failure (crf) is not well defined. a hospital-based case-control study was initiated in february 1998, to determine whether hantavirus infection is involved in chronic renal disease (crd) in egypt. the study enrolled 350 study patients with a history of crf and 695 matched controls with crd due to renal calculus or renal cancer, but with normal renal functions. sera from cases and controls were tested for anti-hantavirus igg using elisa with a cell-lysate ...	2004	15099987
puumala virus nucleocapsid protein expressed in transgenic plants is not immunogenic after oral administration.	transgenic plants expressing foreign genes are suitable systems for the production of relevant immunogens in high amounts that can be used to develop a new generation of vaccines against a variety of infectious diseases. transgenic tobacco and potato plants expressing the nucleocapsid protein of hantavirus serotype puumala were generated and established. puumala virus is a human pathogen causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. to investigate oral immunogenicity of the nucleocapsid protein ...	2004	15215689
strengthening early warning function of surveillance in the republic of serbia: lessons learned after a year of implementation.	the republic of serbia, with who support, has implemented an early warning system (alert) for priority communicable diseases, to complement the routine surveillance system which notifies individual confirmed cases. the results of its evaluation, conducted one year after implementation is presented here. alert relies on notification of 11 syndromes by primary care facilities. data is analysed weekly at district level and transmitted to national epidemiologists. alert is perceived to be a simple a ...	2004	15208469
[prevalence of hantavirus infections in germany].	hantaviruses belong to the group of "emerging" viruses. pathogenic european hantaviruses can cause a human disease designated "hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome" of varying severity. in general, diagnostics of hantavirus infections are based on immunofluorescence assays using virus-infected cells or enzyme immunoassays and western blot tests using recombinant nucleocapsid proteins. for highly sensitive detection of hantavirus-specific antibodies in the enzyme immunoassay, a homologous hantav ...	2004	15254821
urinary excretion of interleukin-6 correlates with proteinuria in acute puumala hantavirus-induced nephritis.	nephropathia epidemica (ne) is a mild type of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by puumala hantavirus. cytokines are thought to have an important role in the pathogenesis of ne. the aim of this study is to evaluate whether cytokines contribute to renal involvement in ne.	2004	15112171
microarray technology for identification and distinction of hantaviruses.	dna microarrays combine high-precision technology with advanced molecular biology to achieve high-throughput screening of dna fragments. in this study, we investigated the potential of the cdna microarray technique to identify and discriminate pcr derived amplicons from genetically highly similar viruses. the wide range of sequence variation among hantaviruses makes them suitable as a model for this purpose. the hantaviruses, carried by rodents, cause several hundred thousand cases of severe hum ...	2004	14981768
an amino-terminal segment of hantavirus nucleocapsid protein presented on hepatitis b virus core particles induces a strong and highly cross-reactive antibody response in mice.	previously, we have demonstrated that hepatitis b virus (hbv) core particles tolerate the insertion of the amino-terminal 120 amino acids (aa) of the puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid (n) protein. here, we demonstrate that the insertion of 120 amino-terminal aa of n proteins from highly virulent dobrava and hantaan hantaviruses allows the formation of chimeric core particles. these particles expose the inserted foreign protein segments, at least in part, on their surface. analysis by electron cryo ...	2004	15165823
saaremaa hantavirus in denmark.	most human hantavirus infections in denmark have been registered on the fyn island with puumala hantavirus hosted by clethrionomys glareolus as the causative agent. to search for other known european hantaviruses in denmark, we analyzed 101 apodemus spp. mice trapped on the lolland island. genome sequences of saaremaa hantavirus (saav) were recovered from one of the a. agrarius, thus suggesting saav presence in denmark. we also analyzed serum samples from a patient from lolland with a history of ...	2004	15135745
comparison of virulence of various hantaviruses related to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in newborn mouse model.	the virulence of hantaviruses that are antigenically related but have different genetic characteristics from the prototype of hantavirus, hantaan (htn) virus, was examined in newborn mice. the h5 and b78 strains of the amur (amr) genotype, the bao14 strain of the far east (fe) genotype, and the 76-118 strain of htn virus were inoculated subcutaneously (1focus-forming unit; ffu) into newborn mice. all of the amr and fe genotype viruses inoculated mice were died by 16 days post-infection (dpi) and ...	2004	15070039
modes of hantavirus transmission in a population of clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae inferred from mitochondrial and microsatellite dna analyses.	to elucidate the mode of transmission of puumala-related hantavirus in a population of gray red-backed voles, clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae, in hokkaido, japan, we analyzed the kin structure and dispersal patterns of individual voles using microsatellite and mitochondrial dna markers. siblings or dam/offsprings was identified within the population based on the relatedness calculation with the microsatellite data. the pairwise relatedness values obtained could reveal kinship among all vole i ...	2004	15098108
[glomerular-type proteinuria in hantavirus nephritis].	infection with hantavirus of the puumala type is known to cause severe illness, fever, loin pain and impaired vision. tubulointerstitial nephritis leads to acute renal failure.	2004	15146285
tula hantavirus l protein is a 250 kda perinuclear membrane-associated protein.	the complete open reading frame of tula hantavirus (tulv) l rna was cloned in three parts. the middle third (nt 2191-4344) could be expressed in e. coli and was used to immunize rabbits. the resultant antiserum was then used to immunoblot concentrated tulv and infected vero e6 cells. the l protein of a hantavirus was detected, for the first time, in infected cells and was found to be expressed as a single protein with an apparent molecular mass of 250 kda in both virions and infected cells. usin ...	2004	15105534
outbreaks of hantavirus induced by seasonality.	using a model for rodent population dynamics, we study outbreaks of hantavirus infection induced by the alternation of seasons. neither season by itself satisfies the environmental requirements for propagation of the disease. this result can be explained in terms of the seasonal interruption of the relaxation process of the mouse population toward equilibrium, and may shed light on the reported connection between climate variations and outbreaks of the disease.	2004	14995490
prevalence of antibodies to hantavirus among family and health care worker contacts of persons with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome: lack of evidence for nosocomial transmission of andes virus to health care workers in chile.	nosocomial transmission of andes virus has been documented in argentina, but has not yet been proven in chile. we studied 215 contacts (106 family member contacts and 109 health care worker contacts) of 20 index cases of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (hcps) in chile. the seroprevalence of igg antibodies against andes virus was 1.9% (95% confidence interval [ci] = 0.34-6.3%) among the family members and 0.0% (95% ci = 0-3.2%) among the health care workers. our data suggest that there is no ...	2004	15031521
peridomestic small mammals associated with confirmed cases of human hantavirus disease in southcentral chile.	cases of human hantavirus disease have been reported in chile since 1995, most of them in people living in rural and periurban areas. we conducted a peridomestic study of small mammals to evaluate the relationships between the presence of rodents with antibodies to andes virus confirmed human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in southcentral chile. the results of 20 sampled sites, which involved the capture of 272 mice over an 18-month period, showed the occurrence of 10 small mammal specie ...	2004	15031522
genetic and antigenic characterization of the amur virus associated with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.	the genetic and antigenic characteristics of the amur (amr) and far east (fe) virus lineages, which are both within the genus hantavirus, were studied. representative viruses, h5 and b78 for amr and bao 14 for fe, were used. the entire small (s) and medium (m) segments, except for the 3'- and 5'-ends, were sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequences of amr had 96.7 and 92.0-92.2% identities with the hantaan (htn) virus in the s and m segments, respectively. the amino acid sequences of fe had 99. ...	2004	15041180
bibliography. current world literature. infectious diseases and immunization.		2004	14971394
plasma exchange-associated immunoglobulin m-negative hantavirus disease after a camping holiday in southern france.	a 37-year-old belgian patient presented with acute nephropathia epidemica (ne) shortly after a camping holiday in southern france. unusual symptoms were initial noncardiogenic lung involvement, followed by severe acute renal failure, acute acalculous cholecystitis, presence of immunoblasts in the bone marrow, and hemolytic anemia, presenting as hemolytic uremic syndrome. positive immunoglobulin (ig) a and rising igg titers against puumala hantavirus (puuv) were detected, but igm remained negativ ...	2004	15156469
bovine aortic endothelial cells are susceptible to hantavirus infection; a new aspect in hantavirus ecology.	hantaviruses are enveloped rna viruses that belong to the family bunyaviridae. they are the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). hantaviruses show a worldwide distribution with specific rodent species as natural hosts. it is known that rodents can transmit the virus via feces, urine, saliva, or bites to humans. additionally, antibodies against different hantaviruses were also found in domestic animals, for example, danes et al. ...	2004	14972540
bovine aortic endothelial cells are susceptible to hantaan virus infection.	hantavirus serotype hantaan (htn) is one of the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs, lethality up to 10%). the natural host of htn is apodemus agrarius. recent studies have shown that domestic animals like cattle are sporadically seropositive for hantaviruses. in the present study, the susceptibility of bovine aortic endothelial cells (baec) expressing alpha(v)beta(3)-integrin to a htn infection was investigated. viral nucleocapsid protein and genomic rna segments wer ...	2004	15033559
immune responses to puumala virus infection and the pathogenesis of nephropathia epidemica.	puumala virus, causative agent of a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, also known as nephropathia epidemica, induces long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity in patients. the virus itself is not cytopathic, and the immune responses to the virus may be involved in teh pathogenesis of the disease.	2004	15049335
spatial and temporal analysis of the distribution of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in buenos aires province, and its relation to rodent distribution, agricultural and demographic variables.	we studied the spatial and temporal distribution of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) cases from 1998 to 2001 in the buenos aires province, argentina. hps is a severe viral disease whose natural reservoir are rodents of the subfamily sigmodontinae (muridae) and which occurs in many countries of south and north america. we considered two spatial arrangements: cells of 18.5 x 18.5 km(2); and departments, the political subdivisions of the province, as spatial units. we tested the departure from a ...	2004	15078270
yeast-expressed hantavirus dobrava nucleocapsid protein induces a strong, long-lasting, and highly cross-reactive immune response in mice.	in europe, dobrava virus (dobv) carried by the yellow-necked field mouse apodemus flavicollis is one of the hantaviruses that can cause severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. for several hantaviruses, the nucleocapsid (n) protein has proven to be very immunogenic in humans and rodents and even can protect rodents against a virus challenge. to investigate the immunogenicity of dobv n protein, balb/c and c57bl/6 mice were immunized three times with a dobv recombinant n (rn) protei ...	2004	15018668
role of specific cd8+ t cells in the severity of a fulminant zoonotic viral hemorrhagic fever, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	we report on the role of specific cd8(+) t cells in the pathogenesis of a highly lethal human viral disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps). hps is a zoonotic disease caused by transmission of sin nombre virus (snv) from chronically infected deer mice. in humans, this fulminant infection is characterized by lung capillary leakage, respiratory failure, and cardiogenic shock. individuals with hla-b*3501 have an increased risk of developing severe hps, suggesting that cd8(+) t cell responses t ...	2004	14978138
hantavirus infection in children.	this article focuses on recent developments in knowledge about hantavirus infections and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in children. we highlight clinical characterization, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic techniques, and current alternatives for treatment and prevention.	2004	14758117
segments of puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein inserted into chimeric polyomavirus-derived virus-like particles induce a strong immune response in mice.	insertion of a short-sized epitope at four different sites of yeast-expressed hamster polyomavirus major capsid protein vp1 has been found to result in the formation of chimeric virus-like particles. here, we demonstrate that the insertion of 45 or 120 amino acid-long segments from the n-terminus of puumala hantavirus nucleocapsid protein into sites 1 (amino acids 80-89) and 4 (amino acids 288-295) of vp1 allowed the highly efficient formation of virus-like particles. in contrast, expression lev ...	2004	15018662
first molecular identification of human dobrava virus infection in central europe.	viral rna was amplified by reverse transcription-pcr from a patient suffering from hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in germany. the virus strain could be assigned to the dobrava hantavirus (dobv). this is the first molecular identification of human infection by dobv in central europe and the first proof that a virus strain related to the dobv-aa lineage, carried by apodemus agrarius rodents, is able to cause hfrs.	2004	15004109
inhibition of dugbe nairovirus replication by human mxa protein.	sensitivity to the interferon-induced protein, mxa, has previously been demonstrated for viruses belonging to the orthobunyavirus, hantavirus and phlebovirus genera of the bunyaviridae family. we have extended these findings to a member of the fourth and remaining genus containing viruses that infect man and other animals, the nairovirus dugbe virus (dugv). indirect immunofluorescence experiments using va9 cells (vero cells permanently transfected with mxa cdna) revealed strongly reduced dugv an ...	2004	14687945
a cophylogenetic perspective of rna-virus evolution.	the extent to which viruses and their hosts codiverge remains an open question, given that numerous cases of both "cospeciation" and horizontal switching have recently been documented. dna viruses that form persistent infections are thought to be the most likely candidates for phylogenetic congruence. phylogenetic reconciliation analysis was used to compare established phylogenies for four rna viruses and their hosts. the analysis employs a cophylogeny mapping technique, implemented in treemap v ...	2004	12949128
[expression of hsp70 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by hantavirus].	to study stress response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) infected with hantavirus (htv).	2005	15629073
andes virus stimulates interferon-inducible mxa protein expression in endothelial cells.	mxa is a cellular protein activated in cells treated with type i interferons. mxa protein is a member of the dynamin superfamily of large guanosine triphosphatases. a unique property of mx1 gtpases is their antiviral activity against a wide range of rna viruses. replication of several hantavirus strains is inhibited in cells constitutively expressing mxa protein. we have found that andes virus (andv) infection up regulates transcription of mxa rna and expression of mxa protein in human endotheli ...	2005	15602733
nucleocapsid protein of cell culture-adapted seoul virus strain 80-39: analysis of its encoding sequence, expression in yeast and immuno-reactivity.	seoul virus (seov) is a hantavirus causing a mild to moderate form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome that is distributed mainly in asia. the nucleocapsid (n) protein-encoding sequence of seov (strain 80-39) was rt-pcr-amplified and cloned into a yeast expression vector containing a galactose-inducible promoter. a survey of the pattern of synonymous codon preferences for a total of 22 n protein-encoding hantavirus genes including 13 of seov strains revealed that there is minor variation in ...	2005	15744561
identification of genetic evidence for dobrava virus spillover in rodents by nested reverse transcription (rt)-pcr and taqman rt-pcr.	a survey of 158 rodents caught in the czech republic identified dobrava virus sequences closely related to that of the dobrava virus type strain in apodemus sylvaticus and mus musculus rodents. the identity of a. sylvaticus was unequivocally confirmed by random amplified polymorphic dna analysis. the data seem to indicate hantavirus spillover from apodemus flavicollis to other rodents.	2005	15695684
interactions and trafficking of andes and sin nombre hantavirus glycoproteins g1 and g2.	this study was designed to investigate the trafficking of andes virus (andv) and sin nombre virus (snv) glycoproteins and to determine if andv or snv glycoproteins g1 and g2 could be substituted for each other while still retaining normal trafficking. trafficking of hantaan virus (hntv) and snv glycoproteins has been studied and conflicting results were published regarding the golgi targeting of g1 and g2 when expressed individually. the results reported in this manuscript suggest that both snv ...	2005	15629773
the hantavirus nucleocapsid protein recognizes specific features of the viral rna panhandle and is altered in conformation upon rna binding.	hantaviruses are tripartite negative-sense rna viruses and members of the bunyaviridae family. the nucleocapsid (n) protein is the principal structural component of the viral capsid. n forms a stable trimer that specifically recognizes the panhandle structure formed by the viral rna termini. we used trimeric glutathione s-transferase (gst)-n protein and small rna panhandles to examine the requirements for specific recognition by sin nombre hantavirus n. trimeric gst-n recognizes the panhandles o ...	2005	15650206
potential importance of error catastrophe to the development of antiviral strategies for hantaviruses.	hantaviruses represent an important and growing source of disease emergence in both established and developing countries. the new world hantaviruses have been touted as potential biological weapons because of their lethality to humans and high infectivity as an aerosol. it is also important to acknowledge the threat that hantaviruses can represent to us troops that operate in a foreign territory endemic for hantavirus infection, as was demonstrated in the korean war. effective vaccines, immunoth ...	2005	15649565
hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in central bolivia: relationships between reservoir hosts, habitats, and viral genotypes.	in august 2002, two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (hps) were confirmed in mineros and concepcion, within the santa cruz department of bolivia. extensive alteration of the native ecosystem, from dense forest to pasture or sugarcane, had occurred in both regions. an ecologic assessment of reservoir species associated with the human disease identified a single hantavirus antibody-positive oligoryzomys microtis from mineros and three hantavirus antibody-positive calomys callosus from concep ...	2005	15728866
l protein, the rna-dependent rna polymerase of hantaviruses.	l protein of hantaviruses is the rna transcriptase and replicase that transcribes mrnas and replicates the genomic rna using antigenomic rna as an intermediate. it also appears to have endonuclease activity. in this review, the current knowledge on the hantavirus l protein is presented including sequence motifs conserved in rna polymerases, mechanisms of rna synthesis and also the most recent findings on homologous rna recombination and membrane association.	2005	15503219