Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| quantitative study of babesia bovis infection in beef cattle from são paulo state, brazil. | the qpcr technique with sybr green was used to estimate the prevalence and level of babesia bovis infection in beef cattle raised in areas endemic for babesiosis in brazil, where the animals were continuously exposed to ticks (rhipicephalus microplus). this is the first report in which qpcr was used to quantify and compare b. bovis dna in blood of different cattle breeds. blood samples were collected from 150 animals (75 cows and 75 calves) of the angus and nelore breeds and the first generation ... | 2014 | 24522252 |
| rmcystatin3, a cysteine protease inhibitor from rhipicephalus microplus hemocytes involved in immune response. | the rhipicephalus microplus tick is responsible for losses in the livestock production estimated in 2 billions usd. despite its economical importance the knowledge in tick's physiology is sparse. in order to contribute to this scenario we describe the characterization of a cysteine proteinase inhibitor named rmcystatin-3. purified recombinant rmcystatin-3 was able to inhibit cathepsin l (ki = 2.5 nm), bmcl1 (ki = 1.8 nm) and cathepsin b (ki = 136 nm). western blot and quantitative pcr analysis r ... | 2014 | 25064361 |
| subolesin: a candidate vaccine antigen for the control of cattle tick infestations in indian situation. | identification of cross-protective tick vaccine antigens is a challenging area of veterinary research. to address this challenge, a recently identified candidate tick protective antigen, subolesin (sub), was targeted in this research. the conservation of subolesin ortholog of hyalomma anatolicum and rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus across different indian strains was 98.1-99.4% (within species), while at the amino acid level sub sequence homology was ≥53.2% (between tick species). recombinant ... | 2014 | 24795229 |
| seroepidemiologic survey in thailand of coxiella burnetii infection in cattle and chickens and presence in ticks attached to dairy cattle. | a seroepidemiologic survey of coxiella burnetii in cattle and chickens in thailand was carried out using indirect fluorescent antibody test. nine of the 130 serum samples from cattle were positive for antibodies against c. burnetii, with antibody titers ranging from 32 to 64. only one of 113 serum samples from chickens was seropositive, with antibody titer of 16. no c. burnetii-specific dna was detected using restriction fragment length polymorphism-nested pcr in spleens of cattle and chickens. ... | 2014 | 25417520 |
| ticks of australia. the species that infest domestic animals and humans. | the book australian ticks by f.h.s. roberts (1970) is a land-mark in australian tick biology. but it is time for a new and improved book on the ticks of australia. the present book has identification guides and accounts of the biology and diseases associated with the 16 species of ticks that may feed on domestic animals and humans in australia. these comprise five argasid (soft) ticks: argas persicus (poultry tick), argas robertsi (robert's bird tick), ornithodoros capensis (seabird soft tick), ... | 2014 | 24943801 |
| impact of humidity on clustered tick eggs. | eclosion of larvae from clustered tick eggs (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, and ±1,000 eggs) of rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs), rhipicephalus microplus (rm), amblyomma cajennense (ac), and dermacentor nitens (dn) was investigated at 43, 75, and > 98% relative humidity (rh) and 25 °c. susceptibility of eggs to dehydration varied among tick species (rs < rm < ac and dn) and the number of clustered eggs but even singularized eggs of all tested species matured, and larvae eclosed at rh > 98%. a minimum of ... | 2014 | 25199556 |
| solanum trilobatum extract-mediated synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to control pediculus humanus capitis, hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and anopheles subpictus. | titanium dioxide nanoparticles (tio2 nps) are widely used in paints, printing ink, rubber, paper, cosmetics, sunscreens, car materials, cleaning air products, industrial photocatalytic processes, and decomposing organic matters in wastewater due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. the present study was conducted to assess the antiparasitic efficacies of synthesized tio2 nps utilizing leaf aqueous extract of solanum trilobatum against the adult head louse, pediculus hum ... | 2014 | 24265057 |
| weight gain and control of endo- and ectoparasites of beef heifers treated with allopathic, herbal and homeopathic drugs. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of herbal, homeopathic and allopathic treatments for parasites in beef heifers during two experimental cycles of 318 and 313 days. | 2014 | 24473874 |
| host resistance in cattle to infestation with the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus. | resistance to rhipicephalus microplus infestation in cattle has many effector mechanisms, each of which is likely to be modulated by complex, interacting factors. some of the mechanisms of host resistance and their modulating factors have been identified and quantified, although much remains to be explained. the variation in resistance to tick infestation is most marked between bos taurus and bos indicus cattle, taurine cattle given the same exposure carrying between five and 10 times as many ti ... | 2014 | 25313455 |
| microarray analysis of tick-infested skin in resistant and susceptible cattle confirms the role of inflammatory pathways in immune activation and larval rejection. | tick bites promote activation of an inflammatory process that is influenced by bovine genetic composition and its history of previous exposure. taurine and indicine breeds are known to differ on its immune response development against rhipicephalus microplus. nevertheless, further investigation about the complex molecular pathways involved in the development of immune response to tick infestation in cattle presenting the same genetic background is mandatory. the aim of this work was to access th ... | 2014 | 25108850 |
| expression of immune response genes in peripheral blood of cattle infested with rhipicephalus microplus. | the bovine tick rhipicephalus microplus is responsible for severe economic losses in tropical cattle production. bos indicus breeds are more resistant to tick infestations than are bos taurus breeds, and the understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved in this difference is important for the development of new methods of parasite control. we evaluated differences in the transcript expression of genes related to the immune response in the peripheral blood of cattle previously characteri ... | 2014 | 24938612 |
| acaricidal properties of the essential oil from zanthoxylum caribaeum against rhipicephalus microplus. | zanthoxylum caribaeum lamarck (rutaceae) is plant species with a variety of medical applications, including insecticidal activity. this study determined the bioacaricidal activity of the essential oil from z. caribaeum leaves against engorged rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) females using the adult immersion test. for this purpose, three serial concentrations (5.0, 2.5, and 1.25%, vol:vol, in 1% dimetilsulfoxide) of the essential oil were used. essential oil 5% caused 65% m ... | 2014 | 25276925 |
| understanding anaplasmataceae pathogenesis using "omics" approaches. | this paper examines how "omics" approaches improve our understanding of anaplasmataceae pathogenesis, through a global and integrative strategy to identify genes and proteins involved in biochemical pathways key for pathogen-host-vector interactions. the anaplasmataceae family comprises obligate intracellular bacteria mainly transmitted by arthropods. these bacteria are responsible for major human and animal endemic and emerging infectious diseases with important economic and public health impac ... | 2014 | 25072029 |
| effect of various acaricides on hatchability of eggs of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the effect of commonly used acaricides (amitraz, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, and flumethrin) on the eggs of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus collected from ludhiana, punjab, was evaluated by egg hatch assay (eha). the regression graph of probit hatchability and per cent inhibition of hatching (ih%) of eggs was plotted against log values of concentration of various acaricides. all concentrations of flumethrin and amitraz caused complete inhibition of hatching, whereas a hatchabili ... | 2014 | 25057486 |
| estimation of the genome sizes of the chigger mites leptotrombidium pallidum and leptotrombidium scutellare based on quantitative pcr and k-mer analysis. | leptotrombidium pallidum and leptotrombidium scutellare are the major vector mites for orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus. before these organisms can be subjected to whole-genome sequencing, it is necessary to estimate their genome sizes to obtain basic information for establishing the strategies that should be used for genome sequencing and assembly. | 2014 | 24947244 |
| a treatment with a protease inhibitor recombinant from the cattle tick (rhipicephalus boophilus microplus) ameliorates emphysema in mice. | to determine whether a serine protease inhibitor treatment can prevent or minimize emphysema in mice. | 2014 | 24886716 |
| targeted surface expression of an exogenous antigen in stably transfected babesia bovis. | babesia bovis is a tick-borne intraerythocytic protozoan responsible for acute disease in cattle which can be controlled by vaccination with attenuated b. bovis strains. emerging b. bovis transfection technologies may increase the usefulness of these live vaccines. one use of transfected b. bovis parasites may be as a vaccine delivery platform. previous transfection methods for b. bovis were limited by single expression sites and intracellular expression of transfected antigens. this study descr ... | 2014 | 24840336 |
| assessment of acute oral and dermal toxicity of 2 ethyl-carbamates with activity against rhipicephalus microplus in rats. | the acute oral and dermal toxicity of two new ethyl-carbamates (ethyl-4-bromophenyl-carbamate and ethyl-4-chlorophenyl-carbamate) with ixodicide activity was determined in rats. the oral ld50 of each carbamate was 300 to 2000 mg/kg, and the dermal ld50 of each carbamate was >5000 mg/kg. clinically, the surviving rats that had received oral doses of each carbamate showed decreased weight gain (p < 0.05) and had slight nervous system manifestations. these clinical signs were evident from the 300 m ... | 2014 | 24883331 |
| subchronic toxicity study in rats of two new ethyl-carbamates with ixodicidal activity. | female and male wistar rats were used to determine the subchronic oral toxicities of two new ethyl-carbamates with ixodicidal activities (ethyl-4-bromphenyl-carbamate and ethyl-4-chlorphenyl-carbamate). the evaluated carbamates were administered in the drinking water (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg/day) for 90 days. exposure to the evaluated carbamates did not cause mortality or clinical signs and did not affect food consumption or weight gain. however, exposure to these carbamates produced alterations i ... | 2014 | 24818142 |
| high genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale detected from philippine cattle. | a total of 658 cattle in 6 provinces in the philippines were screened for anaplasma marginale infection by using a diagnostic heat-shock operon (groel) gene-pcr assay. the screening-positive samples were further tested using the major surface antigen protein 1a (msp1a) gene-pcr assay. screening pcr results showed 130 cattle (19.8%) were positive for the a. marginale infection. subsequent amplification using the msp1a gene only showed 93 samples (14.1%) to be positive. in addition, 37 tandem-repe ... | 2014 | 24717413 |
| secretome of the biocontrol agent metarhizium anisopliae induced by the cuticle of the cotton pest dysdercus peruvianus reveals new insights into infection. | metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus that has evolved specialized strategies to infect insect hosts. here we analyzed secreted proteins related to dysdercus peruvianus infection. using shotgun proteomics, abundance changes in 71 proteins were identified after exposure to host cuticle. among these proteins were classical fungal effectors secreted by pathogens to degrade physical barriers and alter host physiology. these include lipolytic enzymes, pr1a, b, c, i, and j proteases, ro ... | 2014 | 24702058 |
| an immunomics approach to schistosome antigen discovery: antibody signatures of naturally resistant and chronically infected individuals from endemic areas. | schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that is responsible for almost 300,000 deaths annually. mass drug administration (mda) is used worldwide for the control of schistosomiasis, but chemotherapy fails to prevent reinfection with schistosomes, so mda alone is not sufficient to eliminate the disease, and a prophylactic vaccine is required. herein, we take advantage of recent advances in systems biology and longitudinal studies in schistosomiasis endemic areas in brazil to pilot an immun ... | 2014 | 24675823 |
| mechanisms relevant to the enhanced virulence of a dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin metabolically engineered entomopathogen. | the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae ma05-169 is a transformant strain that has been metabolically engineered to express dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin biosynthesis genes. in contrast to the wild type strain, the transformant displays a greater resistance to environmental stress and a higher virulence toward target insect host. however, the underlying mechanisms for these characteristics remain unclear; hence experiments were initiated to explore the possible mechanism(s) through phy ... | 2014 | 24662974 |
| detection of amitraz resistance in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus from sbs nagar, punjab, india. | the resistance status of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus collected from sbs nagar, punjab, was evaluated against amitraz by adult immersion test (ait). the regression graph of probit mortality of ticks plotted against log values of progressively increasing concentrations of amitraz revealed the slope of mortality (95% ci) as 2.36 ± 0.61 (0.38 to 4.33). the lc50 (95% ci) and lc95 (95% ci) values were recorded as 332.52 ppm (305.06-362.44) and 1646.93 ppm (1383.97-1959.84), respectively, and t ... | 2014 | 24683347 |
| bartonella chomelii is the most frequent species infecting cattle grazing in communal mountain pastures in spain. | the presence of bartonella spp. was investigated in domestic ungulates grazing in communal pastures from a mountain area in northern spain, where 18.3% (17/93) of cattle were found to be positive by pcr combined with a reverse line blot (pcr/rlb), whereas sheep (n = 133) or horses (n = 91) were found not to be infected by this pathogen. bartonella infection was significantly associated with age, since older animals showed a higher prevalence than heifers and calves. in contrast to other studies, ... | 2014 | 25381240 |
| the glycoprotein trp36 of ehrlichia sp. ufmg-ev and related cattle pathogen ehrlichia sp. ufmt-bv evolved from a highly variable clade of e. canis under adaptive diversifying selection. | a new species of ehrlichia, phylogenetically distant from e. ruminantium, was found in 2010 infecting cattle in canada. in 2012 and 2013, we reported the in vitro propagation, molecular and ultrastructural characterization of ehrlichia sp. ufmg-ev (e. mineirensis), a new species of ehrlichia isolated from the haemolymph of brazilian rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks. a new organism, named ehrlichia sp. ufmt-bv, closely related to ehrlichia sp. ufmg-ev, was recently described in brazil an ... | 2014 | 25499826 |
| an atypical residue in the pore of varroa destructor gaba-activated rdl receptors affects picrotoxin block and thymol modulation. | gaba-activated rdl receptors are the insect equivalent of mammalian gabaa receptors, and play a vital role in neurotransmission and insecticide action. here we clone the pore lining m2 region of the varroa mite rdl receptor and show that it has 4 atypical residues when compared to m2 regions of most other insects, including bees, which are the major host of varroa mites. we create mutant drosophila rdl receptors containing these substitutions and characterise their effects on function. using two ... | 2014 | 25460510 |
| contributions of the hair sheep breed santa ines as a maintenance host for rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) in brazil. | hair sheep breeds are a new, cost-effective option for the diversification of livestock in the midwest region of brazil. they are grazed extensively with cattle as well as in isolation in small areas. hair sheep breeds are vulnerable to infestation by parasites such as the cattle tick, rhipicephalus microplus, which causes various types of damage and can transmit diseases. | 2014 | 25404176 |
| toll signals regulate dorsal-ventral patterning and anterior-posterior placement of the embryo in the hemipteran rhodnius prolixus. | insect embryonic dorso-ventral patterning depends greatly on two pathways: the toll pathway and the bone morphogenetic protein pathway. while the relative contribution of each pathway has been investigated in holometabolous insects, their role has not been explored in insects with a hemimetabolous type of development. the hemimetabolous insect rhodnius prolixus, an important vector of chagas disease in the americas, develops from an intermediate germ band and displays complex movements during ka ... | 2014 | 25908955 |
| seasonal variation and frequency distribution of ectoparasites in crossbreed cattle in southeastern brazil. | the aims of this study were to evaluate the seasonal variation and frequency distribution of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, haematobia irritans, and dermatobia hominis on crossbred heifers under field conditions in the northeast of minas gerais state, southeastern brazil. from november 2007 to september 2009 (23 months), 40 heifers aged 16.6 ± 2.4 months were divided into groups a (1/4 holstein × 3/4 gir) and b (1/2 holstein × 1/2 gir) and had the monthly infestation estimated along with t ... | 2014 | 26464941 |
| tick passage results in enhanced attenuation of babesia bovis. | serial blood passage of virulent babesia bovis in splenectomized cattle results in attenuated derivatives that do not cause neurologic disease. tick transmissibility can be lost with attenuation, but when retained, attenuated b. bovis can revert to virulence following tick passage. this study provides data showing that tick passage of the partially attenuated b. bovis t2bo derivative strain further decreased virulence compared with intravenous inoculation of the same strain in infected animals. ... | 2014 | 25114111 |
| comparative genome analysis of entomopathogenic fungi reveals a complex set of secreted proteins. | metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus used in the biological control of some agricultural insect pests, and efforts are underway to use this fungus in the control of insect-borne human diseases. a large repertoire of proteins must be secreted by m. anisopliae to cope with the various available nutrients as this fungus switches through different lifestyles, i.e., from a saprophytic, to an infectious, to a plant endophytic stage. to further evaluate the predicted secretome of m. ani ... | 2014 | 25263348 |
| genomic analyses and transcriptional profiles of the glycoside hydrolase family 18 genes of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae. | fungal chitin metabolism involves diverse processes such as metabolically active cell wall maintenance, basic nutrition, and different aspects of virulence. chitinases are enzymes belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 18 (gh18) and 19 (gh19) and are responsible for the hydrolysis of β-1,4-linkages in chitin. this linear homopolymer of n-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine is an essential constituent of fungal cell walls and arthropod exoskeletons. several chitinases have been directly implicated in str ... | 2014 | 25232743 |
| influence of ph control in the formation of inclusion bodies during production of recombinant sphingomyelinase-d in escherichia coli. | inclusion bodies (ibs) are aggregated proteins that form clusters when protein is overexpressed in heterologous expression systems. ibs have been considered as non-usable proteins, but recently they are being used as functional materials, catalytic particles, drug delivery agents, immunogenic structures, and as a raw material in recombinant therapeutic protein purification. however, few studies have been made to understand how culture conditions affect the protein aggregation and the physicochem ... | 2014 | 25213001 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a glycine-like receptor gene from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is the most economically important ectoparasite affecting the cattle industry in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. the principal method of tick control has relied mainly on the use of chemical acaricides, including ivermectin; however, cattle tick populations resistant to ivermectin have recently been reported in brazil, mexico, and uruguay. currently, the molecular basis for ivermectin susceptibility and resistance are not well ... | 2014 | 25174962 |
| a novel ehrlichia genotype strain distinguished by the trp36 gene naturally infects cattle in brazil and causes clinical manifestations associated with ehrlichiosis. | a novel ehrlichia genotype most closely related to e. canis was reported in north american cattle in 2010, and a similar agent was subsequently identified in the hemolymph of brazilian rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks and isolated in 2012. the purpose of this study was to determine whether this or other novel ehrlichial agents naturally infect brazilian cattle. using pcr targeting the genus-conserved dsb gene, dna from this novel ehrlichial agent in brazilian cattle was detected. attemp ... | 2014 | 24915874 |
| molecular survey and sequence analysis of anaplasma spp. in cattle and ticks in a malaysian farm. | this study was conducted to determine the occurrence of anaplasma spp. in the blood samples of cattle, goats, deer and ticks in a malaysian farm. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing approach, anaplasma spp. was detected from 81(84.4%) of 96 cattle blood samples. all blood samples from 23 goats and 22 deer tested were negative. based on the analysis of the anaplasma partial 16s ribosomal rna gene, four sequence types (genotypes 1 to 4) were identified in this study. genotypes 1-3 ... | 2014 | 25776603 |
| a tick-borne segmented rna virus contains genome segments derived from unsegmented viral ancestors. | although segmented and unsegmented rna viruses are commonplace, the evolutionary links between these two very different forms of genome organization are unclear. we report the discovery and characterization of a tick-borne virus--jingmen tick virus (jmtv)--that reveals an unexpected connection between segmented and unsegmented rna viruses. the jmtv genome comprises four segments, two of which are related to the nonstructural protein genes of the genus flavivirus (family flaviviridae), whereas th ... | 2014 | 24753611 |
| transcriptome of the female synganglion of the black-legged tick ixodes scapularis (acari: ixodidae) with comparison between illumina and 454 systems. | illumina and 454 pyrosequencing were used to characterize genes from the synganglion of female ixodes scapularis. go term searching success for biological processes was similar for samples sequenced by both methods. however, for molecular processes, it was more successful for the illumina samples than for 454 samples. functional assignments of transcripts predicting neuropeptides, neuropeptide receptors, neurotransmitter receptors and other genes of interest was done, supported by strong e-value ... | 2014 | 25075967 |
| rural residents in china are at increased risk of exposure to tick-borne pathogens anaplasma phagocytophilum and ehrlichia chaffeensis. | as emerging tick born rickettsial diseases caused by a. phagocytophilum and e. chaffeensis, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis have become a serious threat to human and animal health throughout the world. in particular, in china, an unusual transmission of nosocomial cases of human granulocytic anaplasmosis occurred in anhui province in 2006 and more recent coinfection case of a. phagocytophilum and e. chaffeensis was documented in shandong province. although the seroprevalence of human granulocytic ... | 2014 | 24877080 |
| assessment of four dna fragments (coi, 16s rdna, its2, 12s rdna) for species identification of the ixodida (acari: ixodida). | the 5' region of cytochrome oxidase i (coi) is the standard marker for dna barcoding. however, coi has proved to be of limited use in identifying some species, and for some taxa, the coding sequence is not efficiently amplified by pcr. these deficiencies lead to uncertainty as to whether coi is the most suitable barcoding fragment for species identification of ticks. | 2014 | 24589289 |
| anopheles gambiae salivary protein expression modulated by wild plasmodium falciparum infection: highlighting of new antigenic peptides as candidates of an. gambiae bites. | malaria is the major parasitic disease worldwide caused by plasmodium infection. the objective of integrated malaria control programs is to decrease malaria transmission, which needs specific tools to be accurately assessed. in areas where the transmission is low or has been substantially reduced, new complementary tools have to be developed to improve surveillance. a recent approach, based on the human antibody response to anopheles salivary proteins, has been shown to be efficient in evaluatin ... | 2014 | 25526764 |
| nhumirim virus, a novel flavivirus isolated from mosquitoes from the pantanal, brazil. | we describe the isolation of a novel flavivirus, isolated from a pool of mosquitoes identified as culex (culex) chidesteri collected in 2010 in the pantanal region of west-central brazil. the virus is herein designated nhumirim virus (nhuv) after the name of the ranch from which the mosquito pool was collected. flavivirus rna was detected by real-time rt-pcr of homogenized mosquitoes and from the corresponding c6/36 culture supernatant. based on full-genome sequencing, the virus isolate was gene ... | 2014 | 25252815 |
| a spatially explicit metapopulation model and cattle trade analysis suggests key determinants for the recurrent circulation of rift valley fever virus in a pilot area of madagascar highlands. | rift valley fever (rvf) is a vector-borne zoonotic disease that causes high morbidity and mortality in ruminants. in 2008-2009, a rvf outbreak affected the whole madagascar island, including the anjozorobe district located in madagascar highlands. an entomological survey showed the absence of aedes among the potential rvf virus (rvfv) vector species identified in this area, and an overall low abundance of mosquitoes due to unfavorable climatic conditions during winter. no serological nor virolog ... | 2014 | 25474116 |
| a review of hyalomma scupense (acari, ixodidae) in the maghreb region: from biology to control. | hyalomma scupense (syn. hyalomma detritum) is a two-host domestic endophilic tick of cattle and secondarily other ungulates in the maghreb region (africa). this species transmits several pathogens, among which two are major livestock diseases: theileria annulata and theileria equi. various other pathogens are also transmitted by this tick species, such as anaplasma phagocytophilum and ehrlichia bovis. hyalomma scupense is common in sub-humid and semi-arid areas of several regions in the world, m ... | 2014 | 24507485 |
| molecular biology of insect sodium channels and pyrethroid resistance. | voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for the initiation and propagation of the action potential in neurons and other excitable cells. because of their critical roles in electrical signaling, sodium channels are targets of a variety of naturally occurring and synthetic neurotoxins, including several classes of insecticides. this review is intended to provide an update on the molecular biology of insect sodium channels and the molecular mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. although mammalian ... | 2014 | 24704279 |
| dual silencing of long and short amblyomma americanum acidic chitinase forms weakens the tick cement cone stability. | this study demonstrates that amblyomma americanum (aam) constitutively and ubiquitously expresses the long (l) and short (s) putative acidic chitinases (ach) that are distinguished by a 210 base pair (bp) deletion in aamach-s. full-length aamach-l and aamach-s cdna are 1959 and 1718 bp long, containing 1332 and 1104 bp open reading frames that code for 443 and 367 amino acid residues proteins with the former predicted to be extracellular and the latter intracellular. both aamach-l and aamach-s m ... | 2014 | 25189365 |
| bioinformatic analyses of male and female amblyomma americanum tick expressed serine protease inhibitors (serpins). | serine protease inhibitors (serpins) are a diverse family of proteins that is conserved across taxa. the diversity of amblyomma americanum serpins (aas) is far more complex than previously thought as revealed by discovery of 57 and 33 aas transcripts that are respectively expressed in male and female a. americanum ticks, with 30 found in both. while distinct reproductively, both male and female metastriate ticks, such as a. americanum, require a blood meal. thus, 30 aas sequences found in both m ... | 2014 | 25238688 |
| a systems biology approach to the characterization of stress response in dermacentor reticulatus tick unfed larvae. | dermacentor reticulatus (fabricius, 1794) is distributed in europe and asia where it infests and transmits disease-causing pathogens to humans, pets and other domestic and wild animals. however, despite its role as a vector of emerging or re-emerging diseases, very little information is available on the genome, transcriptome and proteome of d. reticulatus. tick larvae are the first developmental stage to infest hosts, acquire infection and transmit pathogens that are transovarially transmitted a ... | 2014 | 24586875 |
| antiviral responses of arthropod vectors: an update on recent advances. | arthropod vectors, such as mosquitoes, ticks, biting midges and sand flies, transmit many viruses that can cause outbreaks of disease in humans and animals around the world. arthropod vector species are invading new areas due to globalisation and environmental changes, and contact between exotic animal species, humans and arthropod vectors is increasing, bringing with it the regular emergence of new arboviruses. for future strategies to control arbovirus transmission, it is important to improve ... | 2014 | 25674592 |
| the salivary secretome of the biting midge, culicoides sonorensis. | culicoides biting midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous insects with over 1400 species distributed throughout the world. many of these species are of particular agricultural importance as primary vectors of bluetongue and schmallenberg viruses, yet little is known about culicoides genomics and proteomics. detailed studies of members from other blood-feeding dipteran families, including those of mosquito (culicidae) and black fly (simuliidae), have shown that protein components with ... | 2014 | 24949243 |
| an archaeal glutamate decarboxylase homolog functions as an aspartate decarboxylase and is involved in β-alanine and coenzyme a biosynthesis. | β-alanine is a precursor for coenzyme a (coa) biosynthesis and is a substrate for the bacterial/eukaryotic pantothenate synthetase and archaeal phosphopantothenate synthetase. β-alanine is synthesized through various enzymes/pathways in bacteria and eukaryotes, including the direct decarboxylation of asp by aspartate 1-decarboxylase (adc), the degradation of pyrimidine, or the oxidation of polyamines. however, in most archaea, homologs of these enzymes are not present; thus, the mechanisms of β- ... | 2014 | 24415726 |
| antihistamine response: a dynamically refined function at the host-tick interface. | ticks counteract host inflammatory responses by secreting proteins from their saliva that compete for histamine binding. among these tick salivary proteins are lipocalins, antiparallel beta-barrel proteins that sequester small molecules. a tick salivary lipocalin has been structurally resolved and experimentally shown to efficiently compete for histamine with its native receptor (e.g., h1 histamine receptor). to date, molecular dynamics simulations focus on protein-protein and protein-ligand int ... | 2014 | 25358914 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus aquaporin as an effective vaccine antigen to protect against cattle tick infestations. | vaccination as a control method against the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus has been practiced since the introduction of two products in the mid-1990s. there is a need for a vaccine that could provide effective control of r. microplus in a more consistent fashion than existing products. during our transcriptome studies of r. microplus, several gene coding regions were discovered to encode proteins with significant amino acid similarity to aquaporins. | 2014 | 25306139 |
| multiple mutations in the para-sodium channel gene are associated with pyrethroid resistance in rhipicephalus microplus from the united states and mexico. | acaricide resistant rhipicephalus microplus populations have become a major problem for many cattle producing areas of the world. pyrethroid resistance in arthropods is typically associated with mutations in domains i, ii, iii, and iv of voltage-gated sodium channel genes. in r. microplus, known resistance mutations include a domain ii change (c190a) in populations from australia, africa, and south america and a domain iii mutation (t2134a) that only occurs in mexico and the u.s. | 2014 | 25266983 |
| modeling the impact of climate and landscape on the efficacy of white tailed deer vaccination for cattle tick control in northeastern mexico. | cattle ticks are distributed worldwide and affect animal health and livestock production. white tailed deer (wtd) sustain and spread cattle tick populations. the aim of this study was to model the efficacy of anti-tick vaccination of wtd to control tick infestations in the absence of cattle vaccination in a territory where both host species coexist and sustain cattle tick populations. agent-based models that included land cover/landscape properties (patch size, distances to patches) and climatic ... | 2014 | 25047078 |
| reverse genetics system for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. | severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (sftsv) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen that was first reported in china in 2009. phylogenetic analysis of the viral genome showed that sfts virus represents a new lineage within the phlebovirus genus, distinct from the existing sandfly fever and uukuniemi virus groups, in the family bunyaviridae. sfts disease is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, chills, joint pain, myalgia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and some hemorrhagic mani ... | 2014 | 25552716 |
| evaluation and comparison of the potential of two ferritins as anti-tick vaccines against haemaphysalis longicornis. | tick control is an essential aspect of controlling the spread of tick-borne diseases affecting humans and animals, but it presently faces several challenges. development of an anti-tick vaccine is aimed at designing cost-effective and environmentally friendly protection against ticks and tick-borne diseases as an alternative to the use of chemical acaricides. a single vaccine from the tick midgut protein bm86 is currently available for field applications, but its efficacy is limited to only some ... | 2014 | 25306467 |
| phytotherapeutic activity of euphorbia cyparissias extracts on ixodidae (acari) female ticks. | given its numerous biologically active components, euphorbiaceae has been found to be a large plant family and polyvalent with quite interesting therapeutic activity that can be studied. | 2014 | 25392580 |
| knockdown of the rhipicephalus microplus cytochrome c oxidase subunit iii gene is associated with a failure of anaplasma marginale transmission. | rhipicephalus microplus is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite of cattle and an important biological vector of anaplasma marginale in tropical and subtropical regions. the primary determinants for a. marginale transmission are infection of the tick gut, followed by infection of salivary glands. transmission of a. marginale to cattle occurs via infected saliva delivered during tick feeding. interference in colonization of either the tick gut or salivary glands can affect transmission of a. mar ... | 2014 | 24878588 |
| proteomic analysis of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus saliva: a comparison between partially and fully engorged females. | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is one of the most harmful parasites affecting bovines. similarly to other hematophagous ectoparasites, r. microplus saliva contains a collection of bioactive compounds that inhibit host defenses against tick feeding activity. thus, the study of tick salivary components offers opportunities for the development of immunological based tick control methods and medicinal applications. so far, only a few proteins have been identified in cattle tick ... | 2014 | 24762651 |
| widespread movement of invasive cattle fever ticks (rhipicephalus microplus) in southern texas leads to shared local infestations on cattle and deer. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is a highly-invasive tick that transmits the cattle parasites (babesia bovis and b. bigemina) that cause cattle fever. r. microplus and babesia are endemic in mexico and ticks persist in the united states inside a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the rio grande. this containment area is threatened by unregulated movements of illegal cattle and wildlife like white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus). | 2014 | 24742041 |
| invasive potential of cattle fever ticks in the southern united states. | for >100 years cattle production in the southern united states has been threatened by cattle fever. it is caused by an invasive parasite-vector complex that includes the protozoan hemoparasites babesia bovis and b. bigemina, which are transmitted among domestic cattle via rhipicephalus tick vectors of the subgenus boophilus. in 1906 an eradication effort was started and by 1943 boophilus ticks had been confined to a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the texas-mexico border. ho ... | 2014 | 24742062 |
| selection and validation of reference genes for functional studies in the calliphoridae family. | the genera cochliomyia and chrysomya contain both obligate and saprophagous flies, which allows the comparison of different feeding habits between closely related species. among the different strategies for comparing these habits is the use of qpcr to investigate the expression levels of candidate genes involved in feeding behavior. to ensure an accurate measure of the levels of gene expression, it is necessary to normalize the amount of the target gene with the amount of a reference gene having ... | 2014 | 25373149 |
| high quality draft genome sequence and description of occidentia massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family rickettsiaceae. | the family rickettsiaceae currently includes two genera: orientia that contains one species, orientia tsutsugamushi, and rickettsia that contains 28 species. occidentia massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov. strain os118(t) is the type strain of o. massiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov., the type species of the new genus occidentia gen. nov. within the family rickettsiaceae. this strain, whose genome is described here, was isolated in france from the soft tick ornithodoros sonrai collected in senegal. o. ma ... | 2014 | 25780502 |
| the modulation of the symbiont/host interaction between wolbachia pipientis and aedes fluviatilis embryos by glycogen metabolism. | wolbachia pipientis, a maternally transmitted bacterium that colonizes arthropods, may affect the general aspects of insect physiology, particularly reproduction. wolbachia is a natural endosymbiont of aedes fluviatilis, whose effects in embryogenesis and reproduction have not been addressed so far. in this context, we investigated the correlation between glucose metabolism and morphological alterations during a. fluviatilis embryo development in wolbachia-positive (w+) and wolbachia-negative (w ... | 2014 | 24926801 |
| inducible expression of mu-class glutathione s-transferases is associated with fenpropathrin resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), is a serious pest on a variety of economically important crops widely distributed in china, and its resistance to acaricides has quickly developed. in this study, we fully sequenced 13 gst genes of t. cinnabarinus (tcgsts). the phylogenetic tree showed that five of them belonged to the delta class and the other eight belonged to the mu class. the alignment of gene sequences and comparison of gene expressions between a fenpropathrin-r ... | 2014 | 25493473 |
| risk factors for bunyavirus-associated severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, china. | severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging disease that is caused by a novel bunyavirus, referred to as sfts virus. during january 2011 to december 2011 we conducted a case-control study in henan, hubei and shandong provinces of china to determine the risk factors for sfts. | 2014 | 25330383 |
| the evolutionary history and spatiotemporal dynamics of the fever, thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia syndrome virus (ftlsv) in china. | in 2007, a novel bunyavirus was found in henan province, china and named fever, thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia syndrome virus (ftlsv); since then, ftlsv has been found in ticks and animals in many chinese provinces. human-to-human transmission has been documented, indicating that ftlsv should be considered a potential public health threat. determining the historical spread of ftlsv could help curtail its spread and prevent future movement of this virus. | 2014 | 25329580 |
| emerging phleboviruses. | the bunyavidae family is the largest grouping of rna viruses and arguably the most diverse. bunyaviruses have a truly global distribution and can infect vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. the majority of bunyaviruses are vectored by arthropods and thus have the remarkable capability to replicate in hosts of disparate phylogeny. the family has provided many examples of emerging viruses including sin nombre and related viruses responsible for hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in the americas ... | 2014 | 24607799 |
| transcriptomic responses to emamectin benzoate in pacific and atlantic canada salmon lice lepeophtheirus salmonis with differing levels of drug resistance. | salmon lice lepeophtheirus salmonis are an ecologically and economically important parasite of wild and farmed salmon. in scotland, norway, and eastern canada, l. salmonis have developed resistance to emamectin benzoate (emb), one of the few parasiticides available for salmon lice. drug resistance mechanisms can be complex, potentially differing among populations and involving multiple genes with additive effects (i.e., polygenic resistance). indicators of resistance development may enable early ... | 2014 | 25685190 |
| present and future potential of plant-derived products to control arthropods of veterinary and medical significance. | the use of synthetic pesticides and repellents to target pests of veterinary and medical significance is becoming increasingly problematic. one alternative approach employs the bioactive attributes of plant-derived products (pdps). these are particularly attractive on the grounds of low mammalian toxicity, short environmental persistence and complex chemistries that should limit development of pest resistance against them.several pesticides and repellents based on pdps are already available, and ... | 2014 | 24428899 |
| understanding the evolutionary structural variability and target specificity of tick salivary kunitz peptides using next generation transcriptome data. | ticks are blood-sucking arthropods and a primary function of tick salivary proteins is to counteract the host's immune response. tick salivary kunitz-domain proteins perform multiple functions within the feeding lesion and have been classified as venoms; thereby, constituting them as one of the important elements in the arms race with the host. the two main mechanisms advocated to explain the functional heterogeneity of tick salivary kunitz-domain proteins are gene sharing and gene duplication. ... | 2014 | 24397261 |
| dogs, cats, parasites, and humans in brazil: opening the black box. | dogs and cats in brazil serve as primary hosts for a considerable number of parasites, which may affect their health and wellbeing. these may include endoparasites (e.g., protozoa, cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes) and ectoparasites (i.e., fleas, lice, mites, and ticks). while some dog and cat parasites are highly host-specific (e.g., aelurostrongylus abstrusus and felicola subrostratus for cats, and angiostrongylus vasorum and trichodectes canis for dogs), others may easily switch to other h ... | 2014 | 24423244 |
| first molecular evidence of hepatozoon canis infection in red foxes and golden jackals from hungary. | recently, hepatozoon canis infection has been detected among shepherd, hunting and stray dogs in the southern part of hungary, which is considered to be free of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and close to the border with croatia. the aim of this study was to acquire information on the possibility that red foxes and/or golden jackals could play a role in the appearance and spread of h. canis in hungary. | 2014 | 24985073 |
| influence of the biotope on the tick infestation of cattle and on the tick-borne pathogen repertoire of cattle ticks in ethiopia. | the majority of vector-borne infections occur in the tropics, including africa, but molecular eco-epidemiological studies are seldom reported from these regions. in particular, most previously published data on ticks in ethiopia focus on species distribution, and only a few molecular studies on the occurrence of tick-borne pathogens or on ecological factors influencing these. the present study was undertaken to evaluate, if ticks collected from cattle in different ethiopian biotopes harbour (had ... | 2014 | 25248165 |
| identification of rhipicephalus microplus genes that modulate the infection rate of the rickettsia anaplasma marginale. | arthropod vectors transmit a diversity of animal and human pathogens, ranging from rna viruses to protozoal parasites. chemotherapeutic control of pathogens has classically focused either on insecticides that kill the vector itself or antimicrobials for infected patients. the limitation of the former is that it targets both infected and uninfected vectors and selects for resistant populations while the latter requires prompt and accurate diagnosis. an alternative strategy is to target vector mol ... | 2014 | 24608654 |
| in vitro acaricidal activity of atropa belladonna and its components, scopolamine and atropine, against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | in vitro efficacy of methanolic extract of atropa belladonna and its components scopolamine and atropine was assessed against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. five concentrations of the extract (1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were used whereas scopolamine and atropine were each tested at 0.1%. in adult immersion test, the extract was lethal to ticks at 20% concentration. the lc50 and lc95 values were determined as 6.875% and 17.306%, respectively. the extract caused a significant reduction ( ... | 2014 | 25516877 |
| first molecular detection of rickettsia africae in ticks from the union of the comoros. | rickettsia africae is the agent of african tick bite fever, a disease transmitted by ticks in sub-saharan africa. in union of the comoros, a recent study reported the presence of a rickettsia africae vector but no information has been provided on the circulation of the pathogenic agent in this country. | 2014 | 25245895 |
| deep sequencing analysis of the ixodes ricinus haemocytome. | ixodes ricinus is the main tick vector of the microbes that cause lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis in europe. pathogens transmitted by ticks have to overcome innate immunity barriers present in tick tissues, including midgut, salivary glands epithelia and the hemocoel. molecularly, invertebrate immunity is initiated when pathogen recognition molecules trigger serum or cellular signalling cascades leading to the production of antimicrobials, pathogen opsonization and phagocytosis. we pres ... | 2015 | 25970599 |
| tissue- and time-dependent transcription in ixodes ricinus salivary glands and midguts when blood feeding on the vertebrate host. | ixodes ricinus is a tick that transmits the pathogens of lyme and several arboviral diseases. pathogens invade the tick midgut, disseminate through the hemolymph, and are transmitted to the vertebrate host via the salivary glands; subverting these processes could be used to interrupt pathogen transfer. here, we use massive de novo sequencing to characterize the transcriptional dynamics of the salivary and midgut tissues of nymphal and adult i. ricinus at various time points after attachment on t ... | 2015 | 25765539 |
| rhipicephalus microplus serine protease inhibitor family: annotation, expression and functional characterisation assessment. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus evades the host's haemostatic system through a complex protein array secreted into tick saliva. serine protease inhibitors (serpins) conform an important component of saliva which are represented by a large protease inhibitor family in ixodidae. these secreted and non-secreted inhibitors modulate diverse and essential proteases involved in different physiological processes. | 2015 | 25564202 |
| the venomous cocktail of the vampire snail colubraria reticulata (mollusca, gastropoda). | hematophagy arose independently multiple times during metazoan evolution, with several lineages of vampire animals particularly diversified in invertebrates. however, the biochemistry of hematophagy has been studied in a few species of direct medical interest and is still underdeveloped in most invertebrates, as in general is the study of venom toxins. in cone snails, leeches, arthropods and snakes, the strong target specificity of venom toxins uniquely aligns them to industrial and academic pur ... | 2015 | 26054852 |
| tick-borne haemoparasites in african buffalo (syncerus caffer) from two wildlife areas in northern botswana. | the african buffalo (syncerus caffer) is a host for many pathogens known to cause economically important diseases and is often considered an important reservoir for livestock diseases. theileriosis, heartwater, babesiosis and anaplasmosis are considered the most important tick-borne diseases of livestock in sub-saharan africa, resulting in extensive economic losses to livestock farmers in endemic areas. information on the distribution of tick-borne diseases and ticks is scarce in northern botswa ... | 2015 | 25589064 |
| development of a generic ehrlichia fret-qpcr and investigation of ehrlichioses in domestic ruminants on five caribbean islands. | the ehrlichia are obligate intracellular gram-negative tick-borne bacteria that are important human and animal pathogens. there is a need for assays to rapidly and reliably detect and differentiate the five generally recognized species into groups in a single reaction: e. canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, e. muris and e. ruminantium. | 2015 | 26438311 |
| laboratory evaluation of efficacy and persistence of a 1% w/w fipronil pour-on formulation (topline®) against glossina palpalis gambiensis, diptera: glossinidae. | one zebu bull of 365 kg live weight was treated along the back line with 36 ml of fipronil as a pour-on formulation. long-lasting mortalities of glossina palpalis gambiensis were recorded despite exposure to sunlight and regular rinsing with 50 l of water during the following 5 months. significantly higher mortalities were still observed even 140, 170 and 190 days after treatment following their triple releases or triple feeding of caged tsetse on the treated bull. mortalities of 70, 80 and 44%, ... | 2015 | 25944739 |
| proteomic screening of antigenic proteins from the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis (acari: ixodidae). | proteomic tools allow large-scale, high-throughput analyses for the detection, identification, and functional investigation of proteome. for detection of antigens from haemaphysalis longicornis, 1-dimensional electrophoresis (1-de) quantitative immunoblotting technique combined with 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de) immunoblotting was used for whole body proteins from unfed and partially fed female ticks. reactivity bands and 2-de immunoblotting were performed following 2-de electrophoresis t ... | 2015 | 25748713 |
| functional characterization of a cystatin from the tick rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. | ticks and tick-borne diseases affect animal and human health worldwide and cause significant economic losses in the animal industry. functional molecular research is important to understand the biological characteristics of ticks at the molecular level. enzymes and enzyme inhibitory molecules play very important roles in tick physiology, and the cystatins are tight-binding inhibitors of papain-like cysteine proteases. to this end, a novel cystatin, designated rhcyst-1, was isolated from the tick ... | 2015 | 25889816 |
| histoarchitecture of the ovary of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus during pre- and postengorgement period. | the present communication describes the detailed day wise study of histological changes of the ovary of rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus in the postengorgement period together with the systematic classification of their oocytes. the ovary of r. (b.) annulatus is panoistic type with an asynchronous development of oocytes. all the stages (ii, iii, iv, and v) of oocytes except stage i were similar to r. (b.) microplus. the stage i oocytes showed basophilia, which was not reported earlier in othe ... | 2015 | 25664337 |
| native strains of beauveria bassiana for the control of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. | rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks are widespread worldwide due to their adaptability to survive under different environmental conditions. they may act as vectors of a wide range of pathogens to humans and animals and their control is based on the use of chemical products on dogs and in the environment. alternative control strategies, such as the use of entomopathogenic fungi as bio-control agents have also been investigated. the ability of native strains of beauveria bassiana sensu lato ... | 2015 | 25651851 |
| midgut proteome of an argasid tick, ornithodoros erraticus: a comparison between unfed and engorged females. | the argasid tick ornithodoros erraticus is the vector of african swine fever virus and of several borrelia species that cause human relapsing fever in the iberian peninsula. the tick midgut is part of the ectoparasite-host interface and expresses proteins that are vital for the survival of the tick. midgut proteins are therefore potential targets for drug and/or vaccine design aimed at the development of new strategies for tick control. thus, the aim of this work was the characterization of the ... | 2015 | 26459090 |
| treatment of livestock with systemic insecticides for control of anopheles arabiensis in western kenya. | despite the implementation of vector control strategies, including insecticide-treated bed nets (itn) and indoor residual spraying (irs) in western kenya, this area still experiences high level of malaria transmission. novel vector control tools are required which target such vector species, such as anopheles arabiensis, that feed outdoors and have minimal contact with itns and irs. | 2015 | 26377691 |
| saliva from nymph and adult females of haemaphysalis longicornis: a proteomic study. | haemaphysalis longicornis is a major vector of theileria spp., anaplasma phagocytophilum, babesia spp. and coxiella burnetti in east asian countries. all life stages of ixodid ticks have a destructive pool-feeding style in which they create a pool-feeding site by lacerating host tissue and secreting a variety of biologically active compounds that allows the tick to evade host responses, enabling the uptake of a blood meal. the identification and functional characterization of tick saliva protein ... | 2015 | 26104117 |
| identification and molecular characterization of two acetylcholinesterases from the salmon louse, lepeophtheirus salmonis. | acetylcholinesterase (ache) is an important enzyme in cholinergic synapses. most arthropods have two genes (ace1 and ace2), but only one encodes the predominant synaptic ache, the main target for organophosphates. resistance towards organophosphates is widespread in the marine arthropod lepeophtheirus salmonis. to understand this trait, it is essential to characterize the gene(s) coding for ache(s). the full length cdna sequences encoding two aches in l. salmonis were molecularly characterized i ... | 2015 | 25938836 |
| angiotensin-converting enzymes modulate aphid-plant interactions. | angiotensin-converting enzymes (aces) are key components of the renin-angiotensin system in mammals. however, the function of ace homologs in insect saliva is unclear. aphids presumably deliver effector proteins via saliva into plant cells to maintain a compatible insect-plant interaction. in this study, we showed that ace modulates aphid-plant interactions by affecting feeding behavior and survival of aphids on host plants. three ace genes were identified from the pea aphid acyrthosiphon pisum ... | 2015 | 25744345 |
| identification and comparative analysis of subolesin/akirin ortholog from ornithodoros turicata ticks. | subolesin is an evolutionary conserved molecule in diverse arthropod species that play an important role in the regulation of genes involved in immune responses, blood digestion, reproduction and development. in this study, we have identified a subolesin ortholog from soft ticks ornithodoros turicata, the vector of the relapsing fever spirochete in the united states. | 2015 | 25889484 |
| molecular characterization of a defensin gene from a hard tick, dermacentor silvarum. | ticks are distributed worldwide and considered as vectors of many human diseases. tick defensins, a family of antimicrobial peptides, form the first line of defense against pathogens. | 2015 | 25588982 |
| age and prior blood feeding of anopheles gambiae influences their susceptibility and gene expression patterns to ivermectin-containing blood meals. | ivermectin has been proposed as a novel malaria transmission control tool based on its insecticidal properties and unique route of acquisition through human blood. to maximize ivermectin's effect and identify potential resistance/tolerance mechanisms, it is important to understand its effect on mosquito physiology and potential to shift mosquito population age-structure. we therefore investigated ivermectin susceptibility and gene expression changes in several age groups of female anopheles gamb ... | 2015 | 26471037 |
| a national assessment of the epidemiology of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, china. | first discovered in rural areas of middle-eastern china in 2009, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (sfts) is an emerging tick-borne zoonosis affecting hundreds of cases reported in china each year. using the national surveillance data from 2010 to 2013, we conducted this retrospective epidemiological study and risk assessment of sfts in china. we found that the incidence of sfts and its epidemic areas are continuing to grow, but the case fatality rate (cfr) has steadily decreased. sfts ... | 2015 | 25902910 |
| the role of dmcatd, a cathepsin d-like peptidase, and acid phosphatase in the process of follicular atresia in dipetalogaster maxima (hemiptera: reduviidae), a vector of chagas' disease. | in this work, we have investigated the involvement of dmcatd, a cathepsin d-like peptidase, and acid phosphatase in the process of follicular atresia of dipetalogaster maxima, a hematophagous insect vector of chagas' disease. for the studies, fat bodies, ovaries and hemolymph were sampled from anautogenous females at representative days of the reproductive cycle: pre-vitellogenesis, vitellogenesis as well as early and late atresia. real time pcr (qpcr) and western blot assays showed that dmcatd ... | 2015 | 26091289 |