Publications

[parasitic infestation and haemoglobinopathies in a population of 1170 refugees from south east asia].	one thousand one hundred and seventy refugees from cambodia, laos and vietnam were examined in the north of france from 1976 to 1980. 58% of them carried digestive parasites, 22% had anti-plasmodium antibodies and 2% showed circulating plasmodium. the most frequent parasites were hookworms (28%), opisthorchiidae (15%) and giardia intestinalis (12%). strongyloides stercoralis (5,7%), entamoeba histolytica (4,5%), tapeworms (3,3%), human coccidia (1,3%) and trichostrongylus sp. (1%) were less freq ...	1982	7145655
a seroepidemiological study of amebiasis in children of low socioeconomic level in maracaibo, venezuela.	sera collected from 606 children of low socioeconomic level attending the university and children's hospitals in maracaibo, venezuela, were screened for serologic evidence of entamoeba histolytica infection, employing the indirect hemagglutination test. the seropositivity rate was 7.7%. most of the positive sera showed low titers (1:128-1:256). the overall prevalence of positive reactors increased with age. stool examinations done on 516 children revealed cysts or trophozoites of e. histolytica ...	1982	7149096
[use of ultrasound, ultrasound-directed fine needle puncture and aspiration in amebic abscess of the liver. case report and short overview].	case report on a 48-year-old swiss male living in burundi who suddenly fell ill with vomiting and anorexia, followed by pappy stools, weakness and impotence. he presented with hepatomegaly, while sedimentation rate and alkaline phosphatase were both elevated. stool examination revealed cysts and vegetative forms of entamoeba histolytica, while amebic serology was negative. treatment with ornidazole and later with diloxanide furoate was given. sonography showed two cystoid areas in the right lobe ...	1982	7156963
seroepidemiology of amoebiasis in the villagers in phichit province and urban slum dwellers in bangkok, thailand.	a serological survey was conducted in the villages of phichit province, northern region and in the urban slum communities in bangkok to determine whether amoebiasis was endemic in the areas and to determine the prevalence rates. six rural villages, ethnically and culturally alike with a population of 3,019 and two urban slums with a population of 1,510 were surveyed. sera were tested for indirect hemagglutination antibody (iha) to entamoeba histolytica and the stools examined for the parasite by ...	1982	7170636
altered lipid profile in liver amoebiasis and its emendation with metronidazole treatment.	liver amoebic abscess was produced by introducing 16,000 trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica directly into the livers of growing hamsters. a group of the infected animals received orally 64 mg metronidazole/kg body weight for 5 days from the day of the infection. the treated group was autopsied 7 or 14 days after the treatment. histologically, liquefaction of large parenchymal areas and biochemically, elevation in cholesterol, triglycerides, bile acids and decrease in phospholipids were observ ...	1982	7174072
amebic perforation of the colon.	acute necrotising colitis and perforation of the colon due to amebic infection is usually fatal. only three patients in the present series of nine survived surgery. preoperative diagnosis was not possible and because of an extremely friable, blotting paper like colon, this condition was only suspected at laparotomy. examination of ulcer scrapings for the presence of entamoeba histolytica or histopathology is confirmatory. resection anastomosis is mandatory as less extensive local procedures or b ...	1982	7183622
[a survey on the prevalence of intestinal protozoan cysts in jeonlanam do, korea]	a survey on the prevalence of intestinal protozoan cysts was conductcd in jeonlanam do (province), korea in 1981. a total of 4,116 specimens was collected from 2,035 male and 2,086 female inhabitants in 4 urban and 7 rural areas. each case was selected randomly to represent 1,000 inhabitants referred to the census in 1980. formalin-ether sedimentation technique was employed to concentrate the cysts and one lugol's iodine stained smear was examined for each case. the results were summarized as fo ...	1982	12902699
[changes in the pathogenicity of naegleria fowleri by several brain passage in mice]	the pathogenicity of free-living amoeba, naegleria fowleri, is influenced according to the strain, cultural condition and host (culbertson et al., 1968; carter, 1970; wong et al., 1975). phillips (1973) demonstrated that entamoeba histolytica became avirulent after more than 2 year maintenance in axenic culture in vitro. this study was carried out to compare the difference in pathogenicity between two strains of n. fowleri, one of a prolonged maintenance in axenic medium and the other one obtain ...	1983	12902654
intestinal protozoan infection in a semicommunal group.	a survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of protozoan parasites in a large semicommunal group in los angeles. protozoan parasites were observed in 151 (69%) of the 220 group members in the study. parasites were observed in stool specimens from 105 (76%) of the 138 children and 46 (56%) of the 82 adults. dientamoeba fragilis was observed in 115 (52%), giardia lamblia in 50 (23%), entamoeba histolytica in 9 (4%), and commensals in 61 (28%). parasitic infection was infrequent in infants l ...	1983	6824128
cutaneous amebiasis.	an infant with cutaneous amebiasis of the vulva and amebic liver abscess is described. epidemiologic investigations and serologic studies were crucial in establishing the diagnosis. the vulvar amebic ulcers responded dramatically to metronidazole therapy. cutaneous amebiasis is a rare complication of entamoeba histolytica infection which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perineovulvar or penile ulcers. cutaneous amebiasis may also occur on the abdominal wall surrounding a dra ...	1983	6835740
parasitic infection among residents of an institution for mentally retarded persons.	data on occurrence of intestinal parasites among resident and entering populations in a south carolina institution for mentally retarded persons were examined. following an eradication effort in 1973 for trichuris trichiura, the prevalence of this parasite remained below 5 percent for the resident population, with the exception of 1974 and 1975, when small numbers of stool examinations occurred. significantly higher proportions of the entering population, compared to the residents, harbored t. t ...	1983	6837648
[parasitic diarrheas].	the role of parasites as etiologic agents in diarrhoea is emphasized. in countries of western europe, entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia are the most prevalent species, although some other 20 protozoans and helminths may lead to diarrhoeic disturbances. parasitology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, and therapy are briefly outlined. the need for competence on the part of the personnel responsible for laboratory diagnosis is emphasized; also, newly developed immunodiagnostic method ...	1983	6852754
unruptured amoebic liver abscess presenting as acute abdomen.	unruptured amoebic liver abscess is usually not regarded as a surgical emergency. at university college hospital, ibadan, in a two-year period from june 1975 to may 1977, six cases of unruptured amoebic liver abscess underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy because they presented as cases of acute abdomen. the initial diagnoses made by senior physicians included perforated duodenal ulcer, intestinal obstruction, cholecystitis and appendicitis. all patients had persistent draining sinuses after ...	1983	6879689
frequency of entamoeba gingivalis in human gingival scrapings.	a survey was made of gingival scrapings stained by the papanicolaou method to assess the occurrence of entamoeba gingivalis, a nonpathogenic-oral amoeba. positive findings were recorded in 59% of 113 dental patients, and 32% of 96 healthy controls. these figures showed no significant changes during the last 20 years when compared with data published in 1960 and 1963. the existence of e. gingivalis and its rare appearance in the sputum should be known to cytologists because of the morphologic res ...	1983	6881102
identification of stocks of non-pathogenic "entamoeba histolytica".	the isoenzyme mobilities, on thin layer starch gel electrophoresis, of stocks of entamoeba histolytica have been shown to relate to pathogenicity in the host. the ability of some zymodemes of this organism to produce extra-intestinal lesions is also coupled with a capacity to resist lysis by human serum. the results of isoenzyme characterization particularly related to serum lysis is discussed.	1983	6325031
filter paper technique in serodiagnosis of amoebiasis.		1983	6328707
cytopathologic diagnosis of extracolonic amebiasis.	extracolonic amebiasis must be distinguished from bacterial abscesses and neoplastic disease. newer technology in diagnostic and interventional radiology permits such lesions to be aspirated more accurately for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, often averting an open surgical procedure. paracecal and hepatic masses of one patient, who presented with fever and abdominal pain, were shown to be amebic abscesses by cytopathologic examination of material obtained by ultrasonically guided perc ...	1983	6580801
[intestinal parasites in foreigners entering east germany].	among the so-called imported diseases the intestinal parasitoses occupy an important place. examinations of 5,168 foreigners who entered our country in the district of halle resulted in the most frequent invasiveness for trichuris trichiura (whipworm) with 54.33%, ascaris lumbricoides (eel-worm) with 26.90% and ancylostomatides (hookworms) with 17.88%. the entamoeba histolytica could be proved in 1.90% of the test persons, the giardia lamblia in 3.35%. the severest parasitism showed persons from ...	1983	6613197
the incidence of amoebiasis among secondary school students in calabar, nigeria.	a study was conducted among 2 500 secondary school students in calabar, in order to determine the incidence of amoebiasis caused by entamoeba histolytica. microscopic examination of faecal sample smears showed higher percentage infections in the males than in the females; 61 out of 1 250 males were infected (4.8%), while 52 of 1 250 females were infected (4.1%). among infected persons, asymptomatic carriers (64.6%) and symptomatic cases (35.4%) were recorded. infection was lower among students u ...	1983	6629207
natural entamoeba histolytica infection in domestic animals and rodents in dakahlia governorate, egypt.		1983	6631088
the adverse consequences of heavy trichuris infection.	sixty-seven children with heavy trichuris trichiura infection (group a) were compared to 73 control children of similar socio-economic status but with light or no t. trichiura (group b), for nutritional status, rates of concomitant bacterial and protozoal, and symptoms and clinical signs associated with heavy t. trichiura infection. anoscopy was used to determine heavy t. trichiura infection. measurements and physical examination were done on group a on admission to and discharge from hospital; ...	1983	6636270
phase 1 tolerability and antiamoebic activity studies with 1-methylsulphonyl-3-(1-methyl-5-nitro-2-imidazolyl)-2-imidazolidinone (go.10213): a new antiprotozoal agent.	go.10213, a new nitroimidazole, was studied in 12 male volunteers for tolerability and in 20 patients with intestinal amoebiasis for antiamoebic activity. go.10213 was well-tolerated by volunteers up to a dose of 400 mg x 3. patients also tolerated well the dose of 100-150 mg x 3 for 7 days. in two patients, there were mild and transient side-effects like headache, dizziness, fatigue, etc. no neurological side-effects were observed. there were no significant changes in blood pressure, pulse rate ...	1983	6639838
role of macrophages in host defense against hepatic amoebiasis in hamsters.	the role of macrophages in hepatic amoebiasis in hamsters has been investigated by means of antimacrophage serum prepared in rabbits. animals treated with normal rabbit serum or antimacrophage serum, as well as untreated controls, were inoculated intrahepatically with 10(5) axenic trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica. in hamsters treated with antimacrophage serum before intrahepatic inoculation of amoebae, the mean weight of the metastatic foci was significantly greater than in normal rabbit se ...	1983	6642657
induction of lung tumors and lymphomas in balb/c mice by metronidazole.	metronidazole, which is widely used in the treatment of "trichomonas vaginalis", "entamoeba histolytica" and "giardia lamblia" infections, was administered to balb/c mice by stomach tube in an aqueous solution at a dose rate of 2 mg/day for 100 days (total 200 mg) to test its carcinogenicity. the treatment induced a significant increase in lung tumors in male mice (p less than 0.001) and provoked the appearance of lymphomas in females (p less than 0.001). although there is insufficient evidence ...	1983	6649066
treatment of chronic amebiasis in pediatric patients with a suspension of quinfamide.	quinfamide, a dichloroacetyl quinolol synthesized and tested at sterling winthrop research institute, is a potent luminal amebicide with potential utility for a one-day treatment of chronic and subacute amebiasis caused by entamoeba histolytica. previous studies demonstrated that quinfamide is a safe and efficacious drug for adult patients when given as a one-day treatment regimen of 300 mg taken in tablet form at a dosage of 100 mg every eight hours. to test the drug in suspension form in pedia ...	1983	6673831
a study of the incidence of porcine taeniasis and other intestinal parasites in a rural community of south western nigeria.	in the course of an investigation into the incidence of porcine taeniasis among humans and and pigs which live in close contact with each other in a rural town of south-western nigeria, no incidence of the parasite was found. ascaris, strongyle (hookworm in case of humans) and trichuris were the helminths encountered while entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba coli were the common protozoan cysts. polyparasitism was common and a 12 year old boy had salmonella infection concurrently with ascaris an ...	1983	6685713
entamoeba histolytica: correlation between virulence and content of proteolytic enzymes.	intact trophozoites of the virulent entamoeba histolytica strain hm-1:imss (hm-1) destroyed a monolayer of baby hamster kidney (bhk) cells at a higher rate and efficiency than trophozoites of the nonvirulent strain hk-9. the destructive effect could be partially attributed to the proteolytic activity of the amoeba, since quantitative differences were found in the enzymatic activity of the two strains tested. crude extracts or secreted enzymes of hm-1 trophozoites digested azocoll, as well as the ...	1983	6295802
[intestinal protozoal infestation in persons with occupational sewage contact].	intestinal protozoal infestation and antibodies against entamoeba histolytica were determined in 614 employees of the hamburg sewage works and compared with control groups without occupational sewage contact. the protozoal infection rate was significantly higher in sewer-men than in control persons. there was a positive correlation between the duration of exposure to sewage and the frequency of intestinal protozoal infestation. the risk of infection by sewage was higher than by a short journey t ...	1983	6293794
enterohepatic fistula associated with amebic liver abscess.		1983	6298948
correlation of virulence and collagenolytic activity in entamoeba histolytica.	the levels of collagenolytic activity of strains hm-1:1 mss (hm-1), (hm-1), 200-nih, and hk-9 of entamoeba histolytica were compared. collagen degradation was evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. conditioned media as well as extracts of the highly virulent strain hm-1 effectively degraded native type i collagen. significantly lower activity was found in the analogous fractions of strains 200-nih and hk-9, which are not as virulent. the collagenolytic activity o ...	1983	6299942
isolation and characterization of actin from entamoeba histolytica.	actin has been identified and purified partially from trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica hmi-imss by a procedure that minimizes proteolysis. in cellular extracts, entamoeba actin would copolymerize with muscle actin, but would not bind to dnase i or form microfilaments. fractionation of the extracts by deae-cellulose and sephadex g-150 chromatography yielded a purified actin that would copolymerize with rabbit skeletal muscle actin or polymerize alone into long filaments at 24 degrees c upon ...	1983	6300064
experimental amoebiasis and the development of anti-amoebic compounds.		1983	6300739
prevalence of entamoeba histolytica in patients with schistosomal colonic polyposis.	two hundred and fifty-seven egyptian patients were classified into three groups: patients with schistosomal colonic polyposis, those with simple schistosomiasis without polyposis, and a non-schistosomal group. a diagnosis of schistosomiasis was made by clinical history and examination plus three fresh stool examinations or a rectal biopsy. the presence of schistosomal colonic polyps was established by sigmoidoscopy and biopsy of polyps. stool examinations were made on all individuals, using the ...	1983	6301302
the role of endoscopy in suspected amebiasis.	the diagnosis of amebic colitis can be difficult and confusing. the gross endoscopic appearance as well as the results of endoscopic biopsy can be extremely helpful in differentiating amebiasis from other forms of colitis. clinical symptoms, laboratory studies, x-ray findings, cultures, and even serological studies may not be sufficient for making an accurate diagnosis. to illustrate the potential difficulties we are reporting three patients in whom the diagnosis of amebiasis was considered but ...	1983	6295138
the activity of fexinidazole (hoe 239) against experimental infections with trypanosoma cruzi, trichomonads and entamoeba histolytica.	a new 5-nitroimidazole compound, 1-methyl-2-(4-methylthiophenoxymethyl)-5-nitroimidazole: fexinidazole, hoe 239, was found to be highly active against experimental infections with trypanosoma cruzi, tritrichomonas foetus, trichomonas vaginalis and entamoeba histolytica. it was slightly superior to benznidazole and nifurtimox in suppressing parasitaemia in mice infected with t. cruzi. it also eradicated the parasites from infected mice after a prolonged treatment period. the order of activity of ...	1983	6411009
micro-counterimmunoelectrophoresis: a rapid screening technique for trypanosomiasis.	a rapid and economical micro-counterimmunoelectrophoresis (mcie) test, for antibody to trypanosome antigens, has been developed which may prove useful in trypanosomiasis surveillance. mcie was more sensitive and more rapid than immunodiffusion (id). serum samples from trypanosome-infected rabbits and cattle (nigerian and gambian), from kuwaiti dogs and camels, from ivory coast sleeping sickness patients, from brazilian patients with chagas's disease, plus mouse-anti-malaria sera have been tested ...	1983	6415874
model of amoebic liver abscess in cholesterol fed guinea pigs through intracaecal infection route.		1983	6321341
a seroepidemiological survey of amoebiasis in cdri staff using iha, ifa, elisa, and ai tests by taking a drop of peripheral blood.		1983	6323570
action of antiamoebic drugs on hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes of hamster infected with virulent entamoeba histolytica.		1983	6325336
evaluation of three culture media for the isolation of entamoeba histolytica.		1983	6325531
the use of the solid phase indirect immunofluorescent assay (fiax) in the serodiagnosis of amebiasis.		1983	6326646
entamoeba histolytica in male homosexuals.	the mobility patterns of four enzymes using cultured trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica were examined by electrophoresis. by this means the stocks of amoebae isolated from male homosexuals were characterised into zymodemes. no amoebic stock isolated corresponded to a pathogenic zymodeme.	1983	6303491
entamoeba invadens and e. histolytica: separation and purification of precysts and cysts by centrifugation on discontinuous density gradients of percoll.	the different cell forms in the life cycle of entamoeba invadens (trophozoites, precysts, and cysts) were rapidly and quantitatively separated on density step gradients of polyvinylpyrolidone-coated colloidal silica particles (percoll). with this method, the gradual process of encystation by e. invadens trophozoites could be monitored. percoll gradients were also efficient in separating trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica and bacteria. after purification on percoll, trophozoites display no evi ...	1983	6303827
adherence and ingestion of escherichia coli serotype 055 by trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica.	carbohydrate-binding activity present on the entamoeba histolytica cell surfaces was found to mediate the adherence of two types of bacteria, escherichia coli serotype 055 and salmonella greenside 050. adherence was inhibited by low-molecular-weight carbohydrates (10 mg/ml) such as galactose, lactose, and n-acetylgalactosamine, as well as by asialofetuin and the lipopolysaccharide extracted from e. coli 055. mild periodate oxidation of the bacteria inhibited their adherence, whereas heat inactiv ...	1983	6303959
degradation of biogenic oligosaccharides by beta-n-acetyl-glucosaminidase secreted by entamoeba histolytica.	beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase secreted by entamoeba histolytica was extracted from the growth medium by affinity chromatography on ch-sepharose 4 b coupled to p-aminophenyl-1-thio-beta-2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranoside. the enzyme was further purified by isoelectric focusing, by sequential chromatography on deae-cellulose and sephadex g-150, and by preparative disc gel electrophoresis. chitobiose (betaglcnac1-4glcnac) derived from chitin as well as the oligosaccharides betaglcnac1-4 betaglcua1-3 ...	1983	6304511
separation and characterization of two utp-utilizing hexose phosphate uridylyltransferases from entamoeba histolytica.	two utp-utilizing uridylyltransferases which react with both glucose 1-phosphate and galactose 1-phosphate were isolated from cell-free extracts of entamoeba histolytica. the more specific of these enzymes, glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, acts preferentially on glucose 1-phosphate, having a maximum velocity 20-fold greater with this substrate than with galactose 1-phosphate. it was purified 200 fold with a 25% yield and has a molecular weight of 45 000. this enzyme requires a reducing a ...	1983	6304512
progesterone-induced amoebic liver abscess in guinea-pigs--a new model.	an experimental model of hepatic amoebiasis in guinea-pigs, simulating the natural infection in man, induced by progesterone following intracaecal inoculation of entamoeba histolytica has been developed. on day 3 after infection, 60% of the animals developed amoebic liver abscess, but on days 7, 11, 15, 20 and 35 after infection liver involvement was recorded in all the animals. no animal in the control group developed hepatic amoebiasis. severity and frequency of caecal lesions was greater in t ...	1983	6304950
safety and efficacy of diphetarsone in the treatment of amoebiasis, non-pathogenic amoebiasis and trichuriasis.	eighty-nine patients infected with entamoeba histolytica, non-pathogenic amoebae or trichuris trichiura were studied prospectively to determine the safety and efficacy of diphetarsone therapy. an additional 75 patients were studied retrospectively to assess further the efficacy of diphetarsone in the treatment of e. histolytica cyst passers. side effects were noted in 9% and included gastrointestinal upset, lightheadedness and headache. transient liver function abnormalities were recorded in 5.6 ...	1983	6304952
immunosuppressive effect of entamoeba histolytica extract on hamsters.	the immune response to sheep red blood cells (srbc) in mice and hamsters injected with an extract of entamoeba histolytica was studied. both the primary and secondary immune response, measured by anti-srbc antibody titers, were unaltered in the mouse, while a significant depression of the primary, but not the secondary, response was observed in the hamster. the effect was greatest when the amebic extract (ae) and srbc were injected on the same day. the number of anti-srbc rosettes formed in the ...	1983	6305049
induced division synchrony in entamoeba histolytica. effects of hydroxyurea and serum deprivation.	synchronous growth of axenic entamoeba histolytica was induced by nutritional deprivation and/or hydroxyurea. axenic amebae maintained in 2% serum culture medium for 17-25 hours and returned to complete tp-s-1 (10% serum) medium showed a single synchronous cycle with a mean division time of 8.8 hours and a synchrony index of 0.47. exposure to 10 mm hydroxyurea for 20-26 hours induced a single synchronous cycle with a division time of 3.0 hours and a synchrony index of 0.85. hydroxyurea was toxic ...	1983	6305219
antigenicity of entamoeba histolytica strain nih 200: a survey of clinically relevant antigenic components.	the molecular weights of the major polypeptides of entamoeba histolytica nih 200 soluble whole extract, and its five fractions eluted from a sephadex g-200 column, were in the range 150,000-9,000 daltons according to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). autoradiography of sds-page analysis of 125i surface-labeled amebae revealed more than 12 bands, eight of which corresponded to those recovered in soluble extract. considering the pronounced phagocytosis and the ...	1983	6305220
use of a partially purified fasciola gigantica worm antigen in the serological diagnosis of human fascioliasis in egypt.	crude extracts of fasciola gigantica adult worms, when used as an antigen in indirect hemagglutination (iha) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (ciep) tests, detected all independently diagnosed human f. gigantica and f. hepatica infections but cross-reacted with sera of patients with schistosomiasis and amebiasis. fractionation of this crude worm extract using sephadex g-200 chromatography demonstrated four major protein peaks. antigen from the crest and descending portion of peak ii (mol. wt. ap ...	1983	6305221
antibodies against entamoeba histolytica in human milk and serum in kenya.	a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique has been developed for the detection of secretory immunoglobulin a (siga) antibodies against entamoeba histolytica. by substituting phosphate-buffered saline-triton for phosphate-buffered saline-tween as the antibody incubating buffer, unspecific absorption of siga was avoided. as revealed by chessboard titrations, the optimal amount of antigen for coating was higher in siga than in igg elisa. a purified antigen from the membrane pel ...	1983	6306046
resistance to lysis by human serum of pathogenic entamoeba histolytica.	a comparison was made of susceptibility to lysis by human sera among five non-pathogenic and 11 pathogenic strains of entamoeba histolytica already characterized into zymodemes. the nonpathogenic strains were found to be uniformly susceptible to lysis. nine of 11 pathogenic strains, including five strains isolated from liver abscesses, were found to be resistant to lysis by serum under identical conditions. resistance to complement-mediated lysis may be an inherent property of most pathogenic st ...	1983	6306876
the use of infectivity titrations for measurement of the viability of entamoeba histolytica after cryopreservation.	an infectivity titration technique is described for the measurement of the viability of entamoeba histolytica. using this method an optimal cryopreservation technique has been developed. when amoebae from young cultures were equilibrated with 7.5% dimethylsulphoxide for 15 minutes at 37 degrees c, cooled to -100 degrees c at 1 degree c per minute, and stored in liquid nitrogen, 1 to 2% regularly survived after thawing rapidly at 37 degrees c and, on occasions, 10 to 12% survived.	1983	6306877
inter-relationship between faecal ph and susceptibility to entamoeba histolytica infection in rats.		1983	6306878
value of stool examination in patients with diarrhoea.	findings of stool examinations in 1593 patients with diarrhoea due to a single enteric pathogen--enterotoxigenic escherichia coli rotavirus, shigella, campylobacter jejuni, vibrio cholerae 0:1, entamoeba histolytica, or giardia lamblia--were reviewed to determine how well they predicted the agent associated with the diarrhoea. specimens were examined visually for blood and mucus, tested for ph, and examined under a microscope for the presence of red and white blood cells, parasites, and stool fa ...	1983	6307460
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of isoenzymes from entamoeba species.	in this preliminary report, we describe a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique for the resolution of isoenzyme patterns of four isolates of entamoeba histolytica and one isolate of entamoeba coli. our findings were similar to previous findings for three enzyme systems: maleic enzyme (malate dehydrogenase [ec 1.1.1.40]), hexokinase (ec 2.7.1.1), and phosphoglucomutase (ec 2.7.5.1). we found preliminary evidence that glucosephosphate isomerase (ec 5.3.1.9) may also differentiate invasive a ...	1983	6308037
the polymicrobial origin of intestinal infections in homosexual men.	to determine the microbial cause and the clinical and pathologic correlates of anorectal and intestinal symptoms in homosexually active men, we performed comprehensive microbiologic studies, anoscopy, sigmoid-oscopy, and rectal biopsy in men examined in a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. enteric pathogens were found in 95 of 119 consecutive homosexual men with anorectal or intestinal symptoms and in 29 of 75 randomly selected homosexual men without such symptoms (p less than 0.001). the ...	1983	6308444
amoebiasis in a non-endemic country. epidemiology, presenting symptoms and diagnostic methods.	392 patients with amoebiasis, diagnosed at roslagstull hospital, stockholm during 10 yr, are reviewed. the disease is increasing in frequency, due both to increased travelling by swedish citizens and immigration from non-european countries. the risk for an ordinary charter tourist is, however, rather low. two-thirds of the patients were symptomatic and one-third were regarded as asymptomatic cyst carriers. the importance of repeated examination of stool samples and examinations using different t ...	1983	6308756
entamoeba histolytica causes intestinal secretion: role of serotonin.	lysates of the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica altered active electrolyte transport when present on the serosal surface of rabbit ileum and rat colon. the lysate-induced effects on electrolyte transport were similar to those caused by serotonin, and were blocked by bufotenine, an analog known to inhibit the action of serotonin. the transport effects were partially inhibited by antibody to serotonin. the amebic lysates were shown to contain serotonin by radioimmunoassay, high-performance ...	1983	6308760
development and persistence of antibodies to entamoeba histolytica in patients with amebic liver abscess. analysis of 216 cases.	the antibody patterns--obtained by enzyme immunoassay (eia), complement fixation (cf), indirect hemagglutination (iha), and latex agglutination (la)--of 216 patients with amebic liver abscess (ala) were related to the time of onset of illness and to epidemiological data. the usual period between the stay in an entamoeba histolytica-endemic area and clinical manifestation of the disease was 8-20 weeks. increasing antibody concentration affected the sensitivity rates for cf and la in the first 3 w ...	1983	6309024
migration of entamoeba histolytica under agarose.	a procedure for visualizing and quantifying motility of entamoeba histolytica by migration under agarose is described. agarose suspended in tissue culture medium 199 supplemented with bovine albumin was poured into plastic dishes and allowed to harden. six pairs of wells were cut out in a circular configuration. to the inner wells a suspension of e. histolytica in eagle's medium (24 x 10(6) cells/ml) was added, and to the outer wells a chemoattractant or the control medium. after overnight incub ...	1983	6309025
a new amebicide agent from castela texana.		1983	6310633
human milk kills parasitic intestinal protozoa.	giardia lamblia, a common pathogenic intestinal parasite of humans, was rapidly killed by exposure to normal human milk in vitro. the killing did not depend on secretory immunoglobulin a. entamoeba histolytica, the dysentery amoeba, was also killed by normal human milk. giardia-cidal activity cochromatographed with an unusual lipase that is present in the milk of humans but not of lower mammals. human milk may play a protective role in infants exposed to this parasite.	1983	6310751
[cutaneous amebiasis: culture and enzymatic characterization of a strain].		1983	6311230
[sexually transmitted intestinal pathogens among homosexual men in stockholm].		1983	6312221
latency and heterogeneity of entamoeba histolytica hemolysins.	we have found that the hemolytic potency of p30 - a subcellular fraction that contains most of the hemolytic activity of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites--increased up to 100 times by preincubation for 36 h at 36 degrees c. this remarkable increase in potency was due to the in vitro generation of heat-labile as well as heat-stable hemolytic components and could be prevented if p30 was preincubated at 4 degrees c or subjected to either heating at 90 degrees c or to repeated freeze-thawing cycle ...	1983	6312705
absence of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in axenically grown entamoeba histolytica.	we conclude that there is no evidence for the presence of alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase among the cytoplasmic enzymes of entamoeba histolytica, and that a contrary finding was probably caused by the action of a different amebal enzyme on unrecognized contamination in the lithium salt of the substrate used in that investigation.	1983	6312822
the partial purification and characterization of adenosine kinase from entamoeba histolytica.	axenically grown entamoeba histolytica was found to contain adenosine kinase. this organism lacks de novo purine biosynthetic pathways. adenosine kinase provides the amoeba with a method for salvaging adenosine from ingested nucleosides or from degraded nucleotides. adenosine kinase was purified 64-fold, by chromatography on sephacryl s-200, deae-cellulose, and (c-8)-adenosine-agarose. the latter separated it from amebal adenylate kinase. adenosine kinase has a molecular weight of 38,000 and req ...	1983	6312825
comparative studies on the amoebicidal activity of known 5-nitroimidazole derivatives and cg 10213-go in golden hamsters, mesocricetus auratus, infected in the liver or caecum or both with trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica.	cg 10213-go, a 5-nitroimidazole derivative synthesized at the ciba-geigy research centre, bombay, proved superior to such currently used 5-nitroimidazole derivatives as metronidazole, ornidazole, secnidazole, tinidazole and nimorazole, against experimental amoebic infections of the liver and caecum in a golden hamster model. cg 10213-go is now undergoing clinical trials.	1983	6312905
accumulation of 14c-chloroquine by entamoeba histolytica.		1983	6312906
entamoeba histolytica. phagocytosis as a virulence factor.	in this paper, we attempted to define the role of phagocytosis in the virulence of entamoeba histolytica. we have isolated, from a highly phagocytic and virulent strain, a clone deficient in phagocytosis. trophozoites of wild-type strain hm1:imss were fed with escherichia coli strain cr34-thy- grown on 5-bromo,2'-deoxyuridine. the trophozoites that had incorporated the base analog through phagocytosis of the bacteria were killed by irradiation with 310 nm light. the survivors, presumably trophoz ...	1983	6313842
detection of campylobacter jejuni and other potential pathogens in travellers' diarrhoea in bangladesh.	to determine the distribution of pathogens associated with travellers' diarrhoea in bangladesh, we have studied 269 expatriates who presented with diarrhoea to our clinic, over a one-year period. patients were interviewed about their history of diarrhoea and a stool specimen examined for parasites and cultured for campylobacter jejuni, shigella sp., salmonella sp., vibrio and aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides. c. jejuni and shigella sp. were each isolated from 45 patients (17%) a ...	1983	6314488
parasites and travellers' diarrhoea.	giardia lamblia is discussed as the most important parasitic cause of travellers' diarrhoea. the parasitology of this flagellate protozoan is discussed with respect to route of infection, threshold infecting dose, and incubation period. the geographic distribution of giardiasis is widespread, being common in tropical and sub-tropical regions and endemic at a low level in european and north american countries. the predisposing factors are detailed together with clinical manifestations, pathogenes ...	1983	6314489
amoebiasis and giardiasis in bangladesh: parasitological and serological studies.	to determine the prevalence of infections with entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia in bangladesh, we screened stool specimens from patients with diarrhoea attending urban (n = 2,246) and a rural (n = 2,791) hospital and a group of healthy urban residents (n = 440). sera from 200 healthy villagers were also examined for antibody to e. histolytica using the immunofluorescent antibody test. the prevalence of e. histolytica cysts or trophozoites in all groups assessed by examination of a singl ...	1983	6314613
interactions between entamoeba histolytica, bacteria and intestinal cells.	axenically grown pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates of entamoeba histolytica have been shown to adhere to mammalian epithelial cells and bacteria by virtue of carbohydrate-binding proteins present on their cell surfaces. the interaction of amoeba isolates of low pathogenicity with a variety of gram-negative bacteria, mainly escherichia coli strains which are readily ingested by the amoebae after relatively short periods, significantly increased the ability of the trophozoites to: (a) destroy ...	1983	6315320
hepatic and gastric amebiasis in black and white colobus monkeys.	three cases of hepatic amebiasis and one case of gastric amebiasis were diagnosed in black and white colobus monkeys during a 9-month period. the diagnosis was difficult because of the absence of trophozoites and cysts in the feces and because of few trophozoites found in many of the hepatic lesions. indirect hemagglutination titers were diagnostic in 2 monkeys.	1983	6315656
amebic liver abscess in a homosexual man.	a case report of a 36-year-old black homosexual man with right upper- and lower-quadrant abdominal pain is presented. when exploratory surgery for appendicitis was performed, an abscess, consistent with an amebic abscess, was encountered in the right lobe of the liver. this abscess was evacuated, and a drain was placed. a serum sample taken at the time of surgery showed high titers of antibody to entamoeba histolytica; metronidazole therapy was instituted, and the patient made an uneventful reco ...	1983	6316572
scanning electron microscopy of attached trophozoites of pathogenic entamoeba histolytica.	the surface morphology of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites of hm 1:imss (axenic and monoxenic) and hk9 (axenic) strains cultured on plastic and mdck cell substrates was examined using scanning electron microscopy (sem). the conditions for processing trophozoites were determined by comparing the sem observations with the morphology of living amebas examined by light microscopy. the most frequent surface differentiations in all the amebas observed with sem were lobopodia. round cytoplasmic proje ...	1983	6319685
[entamoeba histolytica: i. mechanism of cytotoxic activity].	cytotoxic action against k562-tissue culture cells was investigated under various conditions with a chromium-release-assay. when amoebae and target cells were centrifuged together, pathogenic strains of amoebae induced a very fast increase of target cell lysis (up to 50% of maximum lysis after 10 minutes). only a minor degree of target cell lysis resulted, however, when amoebae and k562 cells were kept in suspension. when amoebae were eliminated selectively by addition of complement 10 minutes a ...	1983	6320511
[possible participation of bacteria in the formation of surface-active centers on the trophozoite of the dysentery ameba].		1983	6195515
susceptibility testing of entamoeba histolytica.	the growth of entamoeba histolytica in microtiter plates in vitro in a variety of environments with reduced oxygen tensions is reported. with 3% o2, 3% co2, and 94% n2, the parasite growth in microtiter plates was identical to that in screw-capped culture tubes, as measured by [3h]thymidine incorporation and by quantitative parasite counts. there were no significant differences between the drug concentrations necessary to inhibit parasite growth by 50% based on [3h]thymidine incorporation vs tho ...	1983	6140291
selective primary health care: strategies for control of disease in the developing world. x. amebiasis.	the human parasite entamoeba histolytica has a worldwide distribution. the majority of infected individuals suffer few symptoms; nonetheless, a variable proportion experience dysentery, hepatic abscesses, or invasion of other extraintestinal organs. invasive amebiasis is a major health problem, particularly in certain developing countries. the aim of this review is to clarify, as much as possible, controversial issues about the biology of the parasite, the clinical features of amebiasis, and the ...	1983	6140740
[comparison of 4 methods for the detection of entamoeba histolytica in stool].		1983	6088118
hepatic amoebiasis. current concepts and a report of 25 cases in the netherlands.		1983	6089489
the influence of specific antibodies and complement on the motility and the viability of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites.	the distribution of peroxidase-labeled normal or specific rabbit immunoglobulin (ig) in entamoeba histolytica trophozoites was studied by transmission electron microscopy. small amounts of normal ig became attached to the cell surface but did not redistribute. internalized specific ig was firmly bound to the inner membranes of phagocytosis vacuoles, while aggregates of normal ig were dispersed over the vacuolar lumen. the distribution of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled ig in living amebae was ...	1984	6089600
entamoeba histolytica: cytolytic activity of cell - free trophozoite extracts upon cho cells.		1984	6089684
[experimental amebiasis. i. characteristics of the lesions following subcutaneous injection of entamoeba histolytica hk-9].		1984	6089847
[four kinds of parasites in an 8-year-old boy. therapeutic effects of praziquantel against fasciola hepatica].	an 8-year-old turkish boy had recurrent abdominal colics associated with marked eosinophilia. four different kinds of parasites were isolated from stool and duodenal juice: fasciola hepatica, entamoeba histolytica, ascaris lumbricoides and lamblia intestinalis. conventional drugs were successful in treating the latter three parasites. but because of problems connected with the treatment of f. hepatica, praziquantel was administered, 15 mg/kg five times daily for 5 days, with curative results. th ...	1984	6090090
[interrelations of dysentery amebae and bacteria. the possible incorporation of the bacterial membranes into the membranes of the amebic trophozoite].		1984	6090877
isolation and characterization of rna of entamoeba histolytica.	rnas were isolated from entamoeba histolytica with a high salt sodium dodecylsulfate-diethylpyrocarbonate technique. majority species of 25 s, 17 s and 4 s rnas were detected after sucrose gradient centrifugation. an additional 5 s rna was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the molecular weights of these rnas as determined by completely denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were 1.31 x 10(6) (25 s), 0.803 x 10(6) (17 s), 4.0 x 10(4) (5 s) and 2.5 x 10(4) (4 s). the 25 s rna ...	1984	6090899
kinetic mechanism of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase from propionibacterium freudenreichii.	inorganic pyrophosphate dependent d-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase from propionibacterium freudenreichii was purified to apparent homogeneity by the criterion of silver staining on sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) gels. in the direction of phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate (f6p), an intersecting initial velocity pattern is obtained when mgppi is varied at several levels of f6p. in the reverse reaction direction, the reactants are mg2+, pi, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (fdp). variat ...	1984	6091737
three-year prospective study of intestinal pathogens in madrid, spain.	during the period july 1980 through june 1983, in a general hospital in madrid, the following organisms were detected from 6,970 patients with gastroenteritis: 710 salmonella spp. 506 campylobacter jejuni, 379 shigella spp., 12 yersinia enterocolitica, 1,466 rotavirus, 134 giardia lamblia, and 4 entamoeba histolytica. chloramphenicol showed good activity against most tested strains of salmonella spp., shigella spp., and c. jejuni. the incidence of salmonella spp. and shigella spp. was very marke ...	1984	6092418
[morphology of the intranuclear inclusions in entamoeba histolytica trophozoites].	electron microscope studies of spherical intranuclear inclusions (ii) of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites of two strains, which were maintained in polyxenous culture for different periods of time, were carried out. data on the number of ii in different individuals and in different strains are given. the structure of ii whose external layer consists of electron dense material and resembles morphologically peripheral chromatin of the ameba's nucleus, an analogy of nucleolus chromatin of cells of ...	1984	6093026
enhancement by retinoic acid of the sensitivity of different tumor cell lines to the sialic acid-specific toxin of entamoeba histolytica.	treatment of several tumor cell lines, including the murine melanomas b16 and s91 and the human sarcoma hs791 and hs705, with retinoic acid resulted in an increased sialylation of specific cell surface membrane sialoglycoproteins. this treatment also augmented the sensitivity of these cells to the cytopathic effects of a sialic acid-specific toxin from entamoeba histolytica. in contrast, a similar treatment with retinoic acid of a retinoic acid-resistant mutant clone s91-c154, which does not inc ...	1984	6093993
immunization of guinea pigs against entamoeba histolytica using glucan as an adjuvant.	beta 1-3 polyglucose or glucan, an extract of cell wall of saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been successfully employed in this laboratory as an effective immunopotentiator in experimental studies on amoebiasis. an antigen extract from entamoeba histolytica was combined with beta, 1-3 glucan for immunizing guinea pigs. in order to study the effectiveness of such vaccine preparations, several batches of guinea pigs were immunized with amoeba antigen alone, and in combination with various immunoadjuva ...	1984	6094370
a survey of gastrointestinal parasites in a local government area of south-west nigeria.	in the course of a survey of gastro-intestinal parasites among humans in iwo local government area in south-western nigeria, eggs of helminths found were those of ascaris lumbricoides, necator americanus, trichuria trichiura and strongyloides stercoralis while protozoan cysts encountered were those of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba coli. about 51% of the 283 faecal samples were positive for parasitic ova or cysts and 24% possessed mixed infection. incidence of ascaris was highest followed b ...	1984	6094377
counterimmunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess.		1984	6094469
entamoeba histolytica: collagenolytic activity and virulence.	several axenic strains of pathogenic and nonpathogenic entamoeba histolytica were tested for their capacity to digest native radioactive type i collagen gels and to produce liver abscesses when injected into the liver of newborn hamsters. the results demonstrate that the pathogenic strains of amebas (hm1:imss, hm3:imss, hm38:imss and hk9) have a collagenolytic activity that closely correlates with their in vivo capacity to produce liver lesions. the nonpathogenic isolate (laredo) did not show co ...	1984	6094800