Publications

synthesis and biological evaluation of isofolic acid.		1974	4203368
effects of an elemental diet on human fecal flora.		1974	4204233
bacteriuria and oral contraceptives. routine health examinations of 12,076 middle-class women.		1974	4204251
bacterial endocarditis associated with colorectal carcinoma.		1974	4204268
aspartate transcarbamylase from streptococcus faecalis. purification, properties, and nature of an allosteric activator site.		1974	4204271
aspartate transcarbamylase from streptococcus faecalis. reverse reaction and binding studies.		1974	4204272
characterization of three plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid molecules in a strain of streptococcus faecalis: identification of a plasmid determining erythromycin resistance.	three plasmids designated alpha, beta, and gamma, distinguishable by their molecular weights (6, 17, and 34 million, respectively) were isolated from streptococcus faecalis strain ds-5 (atcc 14508). derivatives of this strain "cured" for erythromycin resistance lacked the beta-plasmid. in the parent strain the beta-plasmid was estimated to be present to the extent of one to two copies per chromosomal genome equivalent whereas the alpha- and gamma-plasmids were about nine and five copies, respect ...	1974	4202995
antibiotic susceptibility of streptococcus bovis and other group d streptococci causing endocarditis.	seventy-four strains of streptococcus bovis and 35 strains of enterococci (streptococcus faecalis and its varieties, streptococcus faecium and streptococcus durans), most of which were isolated from patients with endocarditis, were tested for their susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, cephalothin, vancomycin, methicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, and gentamicin. minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (mbc) ...	1974	4840433
production of hemolysin and bacteriolysin in a synthetic medium by streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes.	a synthetic medium has been developed in which streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes x-14 elaborates a lysin. the medium consists of 18 amino acids, lactose, six vitamins, adenine, guanine, uracil, and six salts. glucose, and k(2)hpo(4) in excess of 0.5% (wt/vol), were inhibitory to lysin production; increasing concentrations of l-arginine-hydrochloride gave increasing yields of lytic activity.	1974	16558115
effects of eimeria brunetti on intestinal ph in conventional and gnotobiotic chickens.	white leghorn cockerels, 2-4 weeks of age, inoculated with sporulated oocysts of eimeria brunetti had a lower mean ph in the middle and lower small intestine than did uninoculated controls by 5-9 days post-inoculation. no effect of the infection on ph was seen in the upper intestine while ph in the gizzard and caeca was occasionally higher than in controls. magnitude of ph. decrease did not correlate with increases in oocyst dosage and severity of infection as measured by lesion score. studies w ...	1975	18777294
long-distance bactericidal and fungicidal effectiveness of parachlorophenol and formalin on streptococcus faecalis and candida albicans.	the "long-distance" bactericidal and fungicidal effectiveness of several concentrations of parachlorophenol, 25% formalin, and 2% glutaraldehyde, all in 80% alcohol solution, has been tested in vitro on streptococcus faecalis and candida albicans. a concentration of at least 10% parachlorophenol in 80% alcoholic solution has the same long-distance bactericidal and fungicidal effectiveness as 25% formalin in 80% alcoholic solution.	1975	10697481
susceptibility of various serogroups of streptococci to clindamycin and lincomycin.	the minimal inhibitory concentration of lincomycin and clindamycin for a large number of strains from multiple serogroups of streptococci was determined. the median minimal inhibitory concentration for streptococci from groups a, b, c, f, g, h, l, and m and nongroupable organisms ranged from 0.02 to 0.39 mug of lincomycin per ml and from </=0.01 to 0.09 mug of clindamycin per ml. among the group d strains, streptococcus faecium and streptococcus faecalis were resistant to lincomycin and clindamy ...	1975	1137367
evaluation of human oral organisms and pathogenic streptococcus for production of iga protease.	iga protease is a proteolytic enzyme found in whole human saliva and in dental plaque that cleaves both secretory and myeloma iga of human origin to yield intact fabalpha and fcalpha fragments. to determine which bacteria are capable of producing this enzyme, we have examined a variety of strains normally found in the human oral cavity and a number of streptococci of known lancefield group serotype. streptococci of groups a, b, c, d, f, g, h, m, and n, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis ...	1975	1168676
metabolic studies in the pyelonephritic rat.	insulin antagonism characterizes infection, but the mechanism is unknown. previous studies have been performed during the acute catabolic stage of infection, and the resultant metabolic changes reflect this decreased food intake and weight loss. to delineate metabolic alterations due to infection itself, rats with pyelonephritis induced by tail-vein injection of 1 ml. of streptococcus faecalis (10(9) bacteria per milliliter) were studied two weeks later during a period of near-normal weight gain ...	1975	1175860
presumptive speciation of streptococcus bovis and other group d streptococci from human sources by using arginine and pyruvate tests.	a simplified method for speciation of group d streptococci is described. a total of 4,156 streptococcal isolates from human clinical material was tested for ability to hydrolyze esculin in the presence of 40% bile, ferment pyruvate, hydrolyze arginine, and grow in media containing 40% bile or 6.5% nacl. streptococci which hydrolyzed esculin in 40% bile, but which did not hydrolyze arginine, were also tested for their ability to ferment raffinose or sorbose. sixty percent (2,503) of the isolates ...	1975	1176592
immunoadjuvant activities of cell walls and their water-soluble fractions prepared from various gram-positive bacteria.	the cell walls from all 21 species of gram-positive bacteria examined, except lysozyme-susceptible micrococcus lysodeikticus (nctc 2665) and lysozyme-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis (atcc 155), were found to be definitely adjuvant-active in both stimulation of increased serum antibody levels and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to ovalbumin when administered to guinea-pigs as water-in-oil emulsions. using various cell wall lytic enzymes, the immunoadjuvant principles were solubili ...	1975	1180872
a ten-year survey of bacteriuria in the osaka university hospital.	10 consecutive years of observation of the laboratory data of quantitative urinary bacterial culture in the central clinical laboratory of osaka university hospital was made. the marked rise of pseudomonas and other enterobacteriaceae was clearly demonstrated. the difference in bacterial species in bacteriuria between inpatients and outpatients strongly suggests that the origin of infection was quite different. the disappearance of staph. aureus as a causative agent was also demonstrated.	1975	828085
[effect of levomycetin on the microflora artificially introduced into the intestines of gnotobiotic chicks].	levomycetin effect on the microflora introduced into the intestine of abiotic chickens was studied. levomycetin in a dose of 4 mg perosone chicken for 5 days provided a decrease in the number of bifidobacteria, lactobacteria, escherichia and enterococci by 100 to 10000 times and an increase in the number of candida or disbacteriosis in the intestine. the highest effect was observed with respect to multiplication of lactobacteria. this impaired the ecological quantitative ratio between the microo ...	1975	817647
cefamandole: antimicrobial activity in vitro of a new cephalosporin.	cefamandole, a new cephalosporin derivative, was found to have a broad spectrum of activity against a cross-section of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical material. gram-positive cocci, except for streptococcus faecalis, were very susceptible. penicillin g-resistant staphylococcus aureus also was susceptible to cefamandole. minimal bactericidal concentrations for gram-positive cocci approximated the minimal inhibitory concentrations. strains of haemophilus influe ...	1975	1044248
relationship between serum antibiotic concentration and inhibiting potency of the serum. application to ampicillin and amoxicillin.		1975	654
inhibition of bacterial wall lysins by lipoteichoic acids and related compounds.		1975	1027
enterococcal survival in forcemeat preserved in polymer films and in cutlets made from it.	the available data suggest that at 2 degrees and 5 degrees with a 12-day long storage in unpacked and in polymeric film packed forcemeat there occurs no propagation of the enterococci. at 22-24 degrees the multiplication of str. faecalis var. liquefaciens proceeded similarly both in packed and unpacked forcemeat. when the temperature in the central part of the cutlets prepared from the enterococci-contaminated forcemeat reaches 7-80 degrees the bulk of the str. faecalis var liquefaciens cells pe ...	1975	1906
microbiological study of gentamiycin.	gentamycin prepared at the all-union research institute of antibiotics did not differ by its antibacterial spectrum and the activity level from gentamycin samples from other countries. by its activity against clinical strains of ps. aeruginosa gentamycin was somewhat inferior than polymyxin but much more superior than carbenicillin. an agar-diffusion method using bac. pumilus ntcc 8241 as the test microbe was developed for determination of gentamycin activity. the gentamycin sulfate complex and ...	1975	2095
the interrelationship between the inhibitory activity of milk with different types of beta-lactoglobulins and the resistance of cattle to mastitis.	in the course of the investigation of piebald (black-white) cattle it is found that 17,62% animals produce the aa type beta-lactoglobulin, 49,52%--the ab type and 32,86%--the bb type. the higher inhibitory activity of milk with the bb type beta-lactoglobulin was found which retained in dilution 1 : 32. the total flora of teat, cyst and parenchyma milk of animals with the bb type beta-lactoglobulin as well as enterococcus bacteria were much lower than in milk of cows with the aa type homogenous f ...	1975	5340
accumulation of arsenate, phosphate, and aspartate by sreptococcus faecalis.	uptake of arsenate and phosphate by streptococcus faecalis 9790 is strictly dependent on concurrent energy metabolism and essentially unidirectional. targinine supports uptake only in presence of glycerol or related substances; glycerol is not directly involved in transport but depletes the cellular orthophosphate pool and thus relieves feedback inhibition of transport. uptake of phosphate and arsenate is stimulated by k+ and by other permeant cations. the results suggest that electroneutrality ...	1975	47322
phagocytosis in patients and carriers of chronic granulomatous disease.	the phagocytic capacity of leucocytes from four patients and two carriers of chronic granulomatous disease (c.g.d.) was compared to that of normal leucocytes. leucocytes from c.g.d. patients phagocytised more staphylococcus aureus than did normal leucocytes after 5, 10, and 20 minutes of incubation. phagocytosis by leucocytes from two carriers of c.g.d. was intermediate between that in the patients and in controls. in contrast, phagocytosis of streptococcus faecalis, an organism readily killed b ...	1975	48723
an electron microscopic study of the location of teichoic acid and its contribution to staining reactions in walls of streptococcus faecalis 8191.	the location of the glucosylated teichoic acid in whole cells and isolated walls of streptococcus faecalis 8191 has been investigated using ruthenium red, gold-labelled concanavalin a and concanavalin a-peroxidase-diaminobenzidine. dense laminae were revealed in sections of osmium-fixed walls stained with ruthenium red which corresponded to similar regions stained by uranyl and lead. such regions were not seen after teichoic acid had been extracted, suggesting that the uptake of stain was by tei ...	1975	50406
photobiological behaviour of bacteria and phages supplemented with aza-analogoues of nucleic acid bases.	the photochemical stability of anomalous nucleic acid bases of the azatype, 5-azacytosine (i), 5-azacytidine (ii), 6-azacytosine (iii), 6-azacytidine (iv), 6-azathymine (v), 6-azauracil (vi), and 8-aza-adenine (vii) to u. v. light of the wavelength 254 nm differs from the u. v. stability of the normal constituents. changes of the u.v. inactivation of escherichia coli k12 c600, e. coli b, bacillus cereus, as well as e. coli phages gamma cb2 and gamma b2b5 supplemented with azaderivatives prior to ...	1975	52947
solubilization of bacterial membrane proteins using alkyl glucosides and dioctanoyl phosphatidylcholine.	the non-ionic detergent octyl glucoside solubilizes a substantial amount of streptococcus faecalis membrane protein without loss of the monitored enzyme activities. a secondary detergent, dioctanoyl phophatidycholine, appears to increase the yield of solubilized material. in addition, the effect of ionic strength indicates that it may be possible to selectively extract groups of membrane proteins by their characteristic solubility at different ionic strengths. the solubilized membrane-associated ...	1975	123771
membrane atpase of proteus l-forms. solubilization and molecular properties.	the mg2+ -dependent atpase (ec 3.6.i.3) of proteus l-form membrane has been solubilized according to various procedures (tris - hcl shock-wash with or without mg2+, edta, triton x-100). the best results were obtained by the same 33mm tris-hcl (ph 7.5) shock-wash without mg2+ used for atpase of protoplasts from streptococcus faecalis. the solubilized enzyme after 105 000 times g centrifugation was purified on acrylamide/agarose. the molecular weight was established to be 360 000 by gel filtration ...	1975	123772
interaction of bacterial cell wall polymers and rat macrophages.	processing of group a and group d streptococcal cell wall was measured after phagocytosis by normal rat peritoneal cells in tissue culture. group a cell wall was practically non-biodegradable in contrast to group d, which was over 80% degraded by 4-8 days in culture. there was no difference in elimination or degradation of mucopeptide or polysaccharide of group a cell walls. neither antiserum or sensitized lymphocytes affected persistence. macrophages from fisher rats (susceptible to group a cel ...	1975	126561
the suitability for rats of an intestinal microflora of mice tested under practice circumstances.		1975	126608
studies of substructure and tightly bound nucleotide in bacterial membrane atpase.	highly purified preparations of streptococcus faecalis atpase contain a similar but inactive protein detected by prolonged polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the inactive protein appears to arise by proteolytic cleavage of the major subunits in the enzyme. by use of a new technique, subunit analysis in sds gels was performed on the enzyme band and the inactive protein band excised from a polyacrylamide gel after electrophoresis. the results indicated that the atpase has the composition alpha3be ...	1975	127088
[hygienic evaluation of the finding of the causative agents of food poisoning in food products].		1975	180687
chemotherapeutic nitroheterocycles. 18. 2-(5-nitro-2-imidazolylmethylene)-1-indanones, -1-tetralones, and -acetophenones substituted by aminoalkoxy groups.	2-(5-nitro-2-imidazolylmethylene)-1-indanones, -1-tetralones, and -acetophenones substituted by aminoalkoxy groups and related compounds (41-69, table ii) were synthesized and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated (table iii). some of these compounds (e.g. 47, 52, and 59) suprisingly exhibited a broad antibacterial spectrum including proteus species and pseudomonas aeruginosa. extraordinary antitrichomonal activities could also be observed in vitro (mic of compound 59, 0.0004 pg/ml) and ...	1975	166185
[studies to the in-vitro-effectiveness of spectacillin (author's transl)].	in this study the sensibility of important disease germs of a clinical and an ambulatory test material has been investigated to the substances "epicillin" and "ampicillin". thereby could be found that 67% (43%) of the e. coli and 55% (36%) of the proteus type, as well as 96% (96%) of the enterococcus type of the ambulatory (clinical) test material were sensitive to epicillin and ampicillin. staphylococcus not producing penicillinase, were well-sensitive, while staphylococcus producing penicillin ...	1975	166291
[experimental investigations concerning spectrum, serum concentration, and excretion of spectacillin (author's transl)].	by means of the diffusion test, the range of action of the ampicillin successive preparation spectacillin was determined using 12 000 pathological germs freshly isolated from in-patients. the result was a range of action similar to that of ampicillin. a comparison, however, is only possible in case the test platelets (without over-dosage) are each charged with exactly, e.g., 25 gamma. the analyses of serum concentrations have shown that spectacillin is satisfactorily absorbed after oral as well ...	1975	166292
reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide peroxidase. intermediates formed on reduction of the enzyme with dithionite or reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide.	dpnh peroxidase is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-containing flavoprotein. anaerobic titration of enzyme with dithionite has shown that the active site of the enzyme contains 2 mol of flavin and in addition 1 mol of a non-flavin electron acceptor that is tentatively identified as a disulfide group. thus complete reduction of the enzyme requires 3 mol of dithionite per mole of active site. the first mole of dithionite reduces the non-flavin acceptor; complex formation between the reduced acceptor ...	1975	166990
aerosol polymyxin and pneumonia in seriously ill patients.	pneumonia caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs frequently in critically ill patients and is associated with a mortality rate of 70 per cent. an aerosol of polymyxin b was administered (2.5 mg per kilogram per day) to the upper airways of 292 patients in a respiratory-surgical intensive-care unit during a seven-month period, in an attempt to prevent ps. aeruginosa pneumonia. although only one of the patients studied acquired pneumonia due to ps. aeruginosa, 10 others acquired pneumonia caused ...	1975	168487
survival of human enteric and other sewage microorganisms under simulated deep-sea conditions.	the survival of pure cultures of escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, clostridium perfringens, and vibrio parahaemolyticus under simulated deep-sea conditions of low temperature (4 c), seawater, and hydrostatic pressures ranging from 1 to 1,000 atm was determined over a period exceeding 300 h. the viability of e. coli and total aerobic bacteria in seawater-diluted raw sewage subjected to these deep-sea conditions was also measured. there was a greater survival of both e. coli and s. faecali ...	1975	169733
bacterial growth in seafoood on restaurant premises.	operational guidelines for a chain of the newer type of seafood restaurants and take-out stores were derived from plots of bacteriological and trimethylamine changes during the preparation and storage of cod fillets, shrimp, and clams. if fish is to be defrosted at room temperature it should be washed and portioned within 14 h. subsequent storage at 5 degrees c should not exceed 72 h and once removed from the refrigerator it should be fried within 3 h. new stores should consider improved methods ...	1975	172207
bacterial food-poisoning.		1975	173111
the antibody-enzyme analogy. comparison of enzymes and antibodies specific for phosphopyridoxyltyrosine.	reduced schiff base compounds of pyridoxal-p and tyrosine, which were used to induce specific antibodies described in the preceding article (v. raso and b. d. stolar, biochemistry, 1975), caused active site-directed inhibition of tyrosine transaminase and tyrosine decarboxylase. the antibodies, studied as analogs of enzymes, were able to bind an unsaturated schiff base catalytic intermediate, as shown by equilibrium dialysis and absorbance difference spectroscopy. schiff base formation can proce ...	1975	234248
transport and metabolism of folates by bacteria.	transport of labeled folic acid (pteglu), pteroylpolyglutamates (pteglu3-5), 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (5-methyl-h4pteglu), and methotrexate in late-log phase cells of lactobacillus casei was active, and subject to inhibition by unlabeled pteroylmonoglutamates, pteroylpolyglutamates, and iodoacetate, but not glutamate or glutamate dipeptides. pteroylpolyglutamates were transported without prior hydrolysis and shared a common uptake system with pteroylmonoglutamates. the affinity and maximum velo ...	1975	234963
impedance monitoring of bacterial activity.	bacterial activity and growth were monitored by following the changes of electrical impedance of cultures in liquid media. the signal is expressed automatically as a curve similar to grwoth curves produced by other methods. the technique offers a new, rapid and sensitive means of detecting active micro-organisms and is potentially the basis of rapid automated systems in this field. the impedance changes indicate that the micro-organisms metabolise substrates of low conductivity into products of ...	1975	236390
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from streptococcus faecalis.		1975	236442
a reproducible method for reading folate assays with observations on perinatal changes in tissue folate concentration.		1975	238032
the inhibition of bacterial growth by ochratoxin a.	a series of bacterial species was examined for their sensitivity to ochratoxin a. only grampositive bacteria could be inhibited, generally at a ph lower than 7.0. bacillus subtilis did not show any reduction of growth rates in presence of ochratoxin a, but had a prolonged lag phase. with staphylococcus pyogenes var. aureus and streptococcus faecalis, a prolonged lag phase and a reduction of the growth rate was observed. most sensitive was streptococcus faecalis in the exponential-growth phase. t ...	1975	238733
purification and properties of an nadp-specific 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from streptococcus faecalis.	a procedure is described for the purification of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-phospho-d-gluconate:nadp oxidoreductase (decarboxylating) ec 1.1.1.44) from cell extracts of streptococcus gaecalis. a 180-fold purification was achieved with an over-all yield of about 12% and an average specific activity of 14. the enzyme was homogeneous as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, and sedimentation equilibrium, studies. its weight average molecular weight, as me ...	1975	238996
comparative inhibitory activity of bl-s640 and two other cephalosporins.	in vitro antibacterial activity of bl-s640 was compared to that of cephalothin and cephalexin against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria isolated from clinical specimens. bl-s640 demonstrated the best activity on nearly all microbial species studied, except for haemophilus influenzae and diplococcus pneumoniae against which cephalothin was slightly more active.	1975	239917
studies of introital colonization in women with recurrent urinary infections. i. the role of vaginal ph.	the ph of the vaginal introitus was compared to quantitative cultures of the introital mucosa (escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis and streptococcus faecalis) in 800 samples. introital carriage of more than 100 bacteria per ml. was significantly greater at ph of more than 4.4 (p less than 0.005) when compared to mucosal ph of less than or equal to 4.4.	1975	240038
synthesis and antibacterial properties of methylsulfinyl and methylsulfonyl analongs of some nitrofurans.	the sulfoxides 5-methylsulfinyl-2-furaldehyde semicarbazone (2) and 1-[(5-methylsulfinyl-2-fufurylidene)amino]hydantoin (3) as well as the sulfones 1-[(5-methylsulfonyl-2-furfurylidene)animo]hydantoin (1) and 1-(5-methylsulfonly-2-furyl)-2-(6-amino-3-p-ridazyl)ethylene hydrochloride (4) have been prepared and tested for antibacterial activity against a number of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. the compounds are much less active than the corresponding 5-nitrofuran derivatives, possibly ...	1975	240940
antibacterial activity of cationic proteins from human granulocytes.	human granulocytes contain several cationic proteins with a molecular weight of approximately 25,000, almost identical amino acid composition, and complete immunologic identity. these proteins possess a chymotrypsin-like protease activity at a neutral ph. the antibacterial activity of the cationic proteins has been studied. bactericidal activities are found against both gram-positive (streptococcus faecalis and staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa ...	1975	241758
antimicrobial activity of human peritoneal fluid.	cell free peritoneal fluids from 23 normal women had antimicrobial activity which was directed against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and also against yeasts. the activity was bacteriostatic or bactericidal and seemed to be due to the presence of a variety of factors which varied in their heat stability and dependence on complement. lysozyme was present in the fluids but was not responsible for all the antimicrobial activity.	1975	242084
[bacteriological studies on alimentary egg paste. hygienic and sanitary aspects of the problem].		1975	179481
synthesis and microbiological activities of some monohalogenated analogs of tyrosine.	2-chlorotyrosine and 2-bromotyrosine, as well as the previously reported 2-fluorotyrosine, were synthesized by hydrolysis of the condensation products from the appropriate benzyl bromide and ethyl acetamidomalonate and were compared with the corresponding 3-halotyrosines as growth inhibitors of escherichia coli 9723, streptococcus faecalis 8043 and lactobacillus plantarum 8014. in contrast to the 2- and 3-fluorotyrosines which were equally effective as growth inhibitors, the 2-chloro- and 2-brom ...	1975	803244
degradation of n-nitrosamines by intestinal bacteria.	a major proportion of bacterial types, common in the gastrointestinal tract of many animals and man, were active in degrading diphenylnitrosamine and dimethylnitrosamine, the former being degraded more rapidly than the latter. at low nitrosamine concentrations (is less than 0.05 micronmol/ml), approximately 55% of added diphenylnitrosamine, 30% of n-nitrosopyrrolidine, and 4% of dimethylnitrosamine were degraded. the route of nitrosamine metabolism by bacteria appears to be different from that p ...	1975	803287
stopcock contamination in an icu.		1975	803350
[clinical experience with the preparation hylacombun in gastroenterology (author's transl)].		1975	803416
phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride. the covalently linked lipid constituent of the membrane lipoteichoic acid from streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790.	water-soluble [14c]glycerol-labeled lipoteichoic acid isolated from the membrane preparations of streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790 released chloroform-soluble radioactivity upon mild acid hydrolysis. chromatography of the radioactive, chloroform-extractable material revealed the presence of a very polar lipid (lipid i). depending upon the conditions of acid hydrolysis, lipid i accounted for as much as 92% of the total 14c-labeled lipids released. more stringent conditions of acid hydrol ...	1975	803497
equine anti-hapten antibody. ix. igm anti-lactose antibodies.	the immune response to a bacterial vaccine of streptococcus faecalis (strain n) was characterized in all of the seven horses studied by the sustained production of about 90% igm anti-lactose antibody over a period of 44 weeks with maximum values of the total antibody ranging from 4 mg/ml of serum to 12 mg/ml of serum. with respect to the binding of a lactose-containing ligand the association constants of the antibodies purified from sera obtained between 5 and 44 weeks fell in the range of 1 tim ...	1975	803530
studies on the vitamin nutrition of the cellular slime mould dictyostelium discoideum.	vitamin auxotrophs of escherichia coli grown in the presence or absence of the corresponding vitamin were used as substrates for the growth of dictyostelium discoideum strain ax-2 in order to investigate some of the growth-factor requirements of this cellular slime mould. compared with the growth yields observed on vitamin-sufficient auxotrophs and on a prototroph, the yields on lipoate-, folate-, thiamin- or biotin-depleted auxotrophs were low but could be restored by the addition of exogenous ...	1975	803550
the role of vaginal colonization with enterobacteriaceae in recurrent urinary infections.	quantitative cultures of the vaginal introitus for enterobacteriaceae, s. faecalis and p. aeruginosa were compared in 20 premenopausal normal women (200 cultures) to 198 consecutive cultures from 9 premenopausal women in between episodes of bacteriuria. introital colonization in patients susceptible to urinary infections was significantly higher for e. coli (p equals 0.001), s. faecalis (p equals 0.001) and for the presence of any gram-negative pathogens (p equals less than 0.001). in addition, ...	1975	803573
influence of environmental stress on enumeration of indicator bacteria from natural waters.	the problems associated with recovery of pure cultures of escherichia coli and streptococcus faecalis from stream environments were examined utilizing membrane filter chambers. it was observed that upon exposure to the aquatic environment a significant proportion of cells lost their ability to produce colonies on a selective medium, yet retained this capability on a nutritionally rich, nonselective medium. discrepancies in colony-forming units between nonselective and selective media indicated t ...	1975	803815
pteroylglutamic acid malabsorption in tropical sprue.	pteroylglutamic acid (pga) absorption was assessed in ten untreated tropical sprue (ts) and eight control subjects utilizing a marker perfusion technique. physiologic concentrations of the vitamin (25 ng/ml) dissolved in iso-osmotic solutions containing either mannitol of glucose at a concentration of 55.6 mm were perfused on each subject on two consecutive days. a statistically significant difference in pga absorption between ts and control subjects was obtained only when glucose was present in ...	1975	803848
a fluorescent antibody technique for the enumeration of faecal streptococci in water.		1975	803941
the use of microcalorimetry for bacterial classification.		1975	803943
self-transferable plasmids determining the hemolysin and bacteriocin of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes.	strains of streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, designated jh1 and jh3, produced a hemolysin and a bacteriocin. hemolytic activity was lost from a low percentage of cells grown in broth at either 37 or 45 c. all nonhemolytic (hly-) variants had lost bacteriocin activity (ben-), and those from strain jh3 had also lost resistance to the bacteriocin (bnr-). the majority of hly-, ben- variants from jh1 retained bacteriocin resistance (bnrplus). strains jh1 and jh3 contained a plasmid deoxyribonucl ...	1975	803965
the effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. iii. bacteriolysis induced by extracts of different leukocyte populations and the inhibition of lysis by macromolecular substances.	the lysis of 14c-labeled bacteria by hydrolases of human and rabbit leukocytes was studied in vitro. while staphylococcus albus, streptococcus faecalis, and streptococcus mutans were highly susceptible to lysis, staphylococcus auresus was intermediate in its susecptibility to lysis by the leukocyte enzymes. group a streptococcus, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium smegmatis were very resistant to degradation by these enzymes. the lytic activity of leuk ...	1975	804017
glycerophosphoryl phosphatidyl kojibiosyl diacylglycerol, a novel phosphoglucolipid from streptococcus faecalis.	1. from streptococcus faecalis a third novel phosphoglucolipid was isolated. it contained d-glucose, glycerol, acyl groups and phosphorus in a molar ratio of approx. 2 : 3 : 4 : 2. 2. the structure was shown to be 3(1)-o-[6 inches-(sn-glycerol-1-phosphoryl), 6 foot-(1,2 diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoryl)-2 foot-o-(alpha-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl]-1(3),2-diacylglycerol. the novel lipid is related to the earlier described phosphatidyl and glycerophosphoryl kojibiosyl diacylglycerol fr ...	1975	804328
distribution of indigenous bacteria in the digestive tract of conventional and gnotobiotic rats.	the localization and population levels of the indigenous bacterial flora of conventional rats were investigated by cultural and histological techniques. lactobacilli predominate in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine and associate with keratinized cells of the nonglandular portion of stomach. mixtures of varying complexity of pure cultures of indigenous bacteria were inoculated into germfree rats. the distribution of these bacteria was examined to investigate the effect of lactobac ...	1975	804450
structure-activity correlations among rifamycin b amides and hydrazides.	structure-antibacterial activity correlation equations have been developed for aseries of 44 amides and 25 hydrazides of rifamycin b in five bacterial systems. the best amide equations show that activity is a parabolic function of log p. a wide variation in log po was found for the various bacterial systems. the most important correlation parameter in the hydrazide equations is omicron*. the significance of this finding is somewhat obscured by the high degree of collinearity among the parameters ...	1975	804555
biosynthesis of ribosylthymine in the transfer rna of streptococcus faecalis: a folate-dependent methylation not involving s-adenosylmethionine.	ribosylthymine is not present in trna of streptococcus faecalis grown in the absence of folic acid, although this methylated residue does occur in the trna of this organism when it is grown in the presence of folate. we have found that, unlike other methylated residues in rna of s. faecalis and other organisms, the methyl moiety of ribosylthymine of the trna of folate-sufficient s. faecalis is not derived from s-adenosylmethionine. preliminary evidence suggests that a folate derivative serves as ...	1975	804695
[biochemistry and genetics of organic acid transport in bacteria].		1975	804772
antibody response to avian mycoplasmas.		1975	804836
effects of cadmium on the growth and uptake of cadmium by microorganisms.	six species of microorganisms, escherichia coli, bacillus cereus, lactobacillus acidophilus, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis and actinomyces niger, were grown under suitable conditions in appropriate media. cadmium chloride was added to provide 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mug of cd per ml. at 40 and 80 mug of cd per ml, e. coli and b. cereus grew well and the other species were repressed. cd uptake patterns differed significantly among the species tested. the significance of these dat ...	1975	804857
studies of folic acid compounds in nature. iv. folic acid compounds in soybeans and cow milk.	folate compounds in soybean and cow's mild were identified by sephadex chromatography and differential microbiological assaymsoybean contained mainly monoglutamates (ca. 52%), some diglutamates (ca. 16%), and polyglutamates (pentaglutamates representing the major portion). 5-cho-h4pteglun(1-6) constituted 65-70% of total folate activity; cow's milk contained monoglutamates (60%) and polyglutamates (ranging from di- to hepta-conjugates). in contrast to soybean, 90-95% of milk folate was in the 5- ...	1975	804977
qualitative assessment of midstream urine cultures in the detection of bacteriuria.	3550 women attending cervical smear and family planning clinics have been screened for bacteriria. suprapubic aspiration of urine was carried out in 131 patients from whom two consecutive midstream urine specimens contained either a pure growth of gram positive cocci or a growth in which gram negative bacilli predominated. 95 patients were found to have bacteriuria; in 93 the urine was infected with a gram negative organism. of 53 patients with a count of more than 10-5 gram negative organisms p ...	1975	805012
enzymatic adaptation by bacteria under pressure.	a study of enzymic adaptation under hydrostatic pressure by moderately barotolerant bacteria that can grow at pressure up to about 500 atm revealed that some adaptive processes are relatively insensitive to pressure, whereas others are sufficiently barosensitive to compromise survival capacity in situations requiring adaptation to new substrates under pressure. examples of the former include adaptation of escherichia coli to arabinose catabolism for growth and adaptation of streptococcus faecali ...	1975	805124
behaviour and indicator value of some microorganisms under conditions of soil contamination by pesticides.	the comparative effect of two organophosphorus pesticides (chlorophos and metaphos) on escherichia coli, an enterococcus and shigella organisms present in chernozem, podzolic, and loamy soils was investigated. a considerable level of resistance of the test organisms to the insecticides was established. this was expressed by their behaviour only changing on contamination of the soil samples with the insecticides in amounts considerably exceeding those used in natural conditions. escherichia coli ...	1975	805171
effect of sodium cyanate upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclaer leukocytes.	sodium cyanate, a drug that prevents sickling of hemoglobin s by virtue of its irreversible carbamylation of the n-terminal amino group of valine, was studied for its effect upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclear luekocytes. in concentrations of 500 and 100 mug/ml, sodium cyanate was found to inhibit killing by neutrophils of staphylococcus epidermidis and eschierichia coli but not of streptococcus faecalis. viability of cells and phagocytosis were not affected by cyanate; however, ...	1975	805192
factors that may prevent transfer of anti-biotic resistance between gram-negative bacteria in the gut.	antibiotic-resistance transfer between populations of donor and recipient strains of escherichia coli was completely inhibited in broth by dense suspensions of bacteroides fragilis. comparable amounts of inert bacterial matter (for-molised suspensions of e. coli or b. fragilis), or smaller numbers of viable b. fragilis, streptococcus faecalis, staphylococcus albus, neisseria catarrhalis, or solutions of sodium taurocholate or glycocholate were only moderately inhibitory. anaeroboisis had no effe ...	1975	805244
urinary tract infection treated with oxolinic acid.		1975	805351
prevention of folate deficiency by food fortification. ii. absorption of folic acid from fortified staple foods.	the absorption of folic acid from maize, rice and bread fortified with pteroylglutamic acid was compared with that of an aqueous solution of pteroylglutamic acid in the same subjects. feeding fortified maize and rice produced similar increments in folic acid concentration, which were approximately half those observed with the pteroylglutamic acid solution. fortified bread produced a lower increment. pteroylglutamic acid was found to resist destruction by boiling and baking at temperatures and ti ...	1975	805518
bacteriology of the gallbladder bile in normal subjects.	a bacteriologic analysis of the gallbladder bile in eighty patients who underwent operation was performed in a prospective study. in all twenty patients with a normal gallbladder as assessed by oral cholecystography and intraoperative palpation, cultured were negative. among patients with chronic cholecystitis only 30 per cent had positive bile cultures and this rose to 47 per cent among patients with acute cholecystitis.	1975	805546
asymptomatic bacteriuria in schoolchildren in newcastle upon tyne.	a screening survey for asymptomatic bacteriuria (asb) in 13464 schoolgirls aged 4 to 18 years in newcastle upon tyne showed an overall prevalence of 1.9%. in girls 4 to 6 years it was 1.4%, in girls aged 7 to 11 years it was 2.5%, in girls aged 12 to 18 years it was 1.6%, a statistically significant rise and fall. renal scarring was found in 39 (15%) of 254 girls with asb. neither the prevalence nor the severity of renal scarring increased with age. there was no association between asb and socia ...	1975	805569
tagatose-1, 6-diphosphate activation of lactate dehydrogenase from streptococcus cremoris.		1975	805590
antiplasmodial efficacy of 2,4--diaminopyrimidine0sylfonamide combinations, especially against chloroquine-resistant malaria.	this presentation deals with the historical development of the antifolate pyrimidines and related compounds, first as antimalarial substances and later as potent antibacterial agents. it describes the first quantitation of the combined action, through sequential blockade, of the substances with sulfonamides, and outlines the usefulness of the combinations in the therapy of normally sensitive and multiresistant strains of plasmodium falciparum.	1975	805650
a numerical taxonomic study of coryneform and related bacteria.	two hundred and thirty-three strains of coryneform bacteria, including representatives of the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, cellulomonas, corynebacterium, erysipelothrix, jensenia, kurthia, listeria, microbacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia and propionibacterium and other related bacteria, were studied using 173 morphological, physiological and biochemical tests. the bacteria were grown on a soil extract medium which allowed growth of all the strains, and all were incubated at 30 degrees c ...	1975	805825
letter: identification of enterococci.		1975	805853
methotrexate: distribution in cerebrospinal fluid after intravenous, ventricular and lumbar injections.	the kinetics and distribution of methotrexate in intraventricular and intrathecal cerebrospinal-fluid spaces were studied in patients with meningeal leukemia and meningeal carcinomatosis after drug administration by intravenous infusion, indwelling intraventricular subcutaneous reservoir (ommaya), or standard lumbar puncture. negligible ventricular concentrations followed a single intravenous dose. during an intravenous infusion (500 mg per square meter for 24 hours) the ventricular cerebrospina ...	1975	806016
[nature of bacteriocins].	the bacteriocins comprise a large, heterogeneous group of bactericidal substances produced by bacteria from widely differing species. the best known bacteriocins are the colicins. some aspects of research on colicins are discussed especially their chemical nature and mode of action, and their genetic determinants.	1975	806026
determination of site of infection in endocarditis.	medical-surgical treatment of antibiotic refractory endocarditis requires determination of the site of infection, which is not always possible with conventional cardiac catheterization. the cases of two patients with right-sided endocarditis who survived after combined medical-surgical therapy are presented. one had persistent pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia and three possible sites of infection. multiple quantitative blood cultures proximal and distal to each suspected site indicated the pulm ...	1975	806245
simple technique for the assay of antibiotic synergism against enterococci.	a simple technique with antibiotic-impregnated disks has been developed to demonstrate the antibiotic synergism of penicillins and aminoglycosides against enterococci. the two antibiotic disks are placed on inoculated plates so that the distance between their centers is less than the sum of the two radii of their previously determined inhibitory zones. after 5 h of incubation, beta-lactamase powder is dusted onto the susceptibility plate with a sterile cotton swab. after overnight incubation, th ...	1975	806260
alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid uptake by high affinity dicarboxylic amino acid transport system in streptococcus faecalis.	the transport of alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid was studied in streptococcus faecalis. energey-dependent uptake against substantial concentration gradients was observed. kinetic experiments indicated that, in contrast to l-glutamic acid, only a single catalytic component (high affinity) and a diffusion controlled process participated in alpha-methyl-l-glutamic acid uptake. at concentrations up to 10 mm, alpha-methyl-glutamate transport was almost completely abolished in a mutant strain lacking a h ...	1975	806303
some observations on the caecal microflora of the chick during the first two weeks of life.	1. changes in the caecal flora of chicks aged from approximately 3 h to 14 d were studied. 2. counts obtained by means of a conventional anaerobic plating method and a method for the stricter anaerobes remained comparable throughout but occasionally it was found that strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the predominant flora of 4- to 14-d-old birds could not be grown when tested by the conventional method. 3. during the 14-d period approximately 100% of the organisms isolated on anaerobic ...	1975	806330
vitamin b12 absorption in x-irradiated rats.	the effect of whole-body exposure of rats to a sub-lethal dose (400 rad) of x-rays on the absorptive capacity of intestinal mucosal cells for vitamin b12 has been studied. the rate of absorption of vitamin b12 from the intestinal loops is decreased in x-irradiated rat. inclusion of gastric juice from normal rat does not improve the rate. a severe interference in the absorption and retention of orally fed (57-co)-b12, as evidenced by low serum levels, decreased organ uptake and increased excretio ...	1975	806449
[activity of biseptol, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim against gram positive cocci].		1975	806754
phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride: metabolism and function as an anchor in bacterial cell membrane.	the recently discovered phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylkojibiosyl diglyceride (pkd), was first observed as a biosynthetic by-product of glycosyl diglyceride metabolism in streptococcus faecalis (faecium) atcc 9790. its structure is 1, 2-diacyl-3-o-alpha-dglucopyranosyl-6'-o-phosphoryl- [1'', 2''-diacyl-3''-o-sn-glycerol]-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol. the biosynthesis of phosphatidyl-kojibiosyl diglyceride occurs by a novel transphosphatidylation reaction in which a phosphatidyl glycero ...	1975	806764
[clinical study with spectacillin on patients with infections of the urogenital system (author's transl)].	report is given of clinical experiences gained with the new developed semi-syntheticpenicillin "spectacillin" on 75 patients suffering from an urological disease. the drug has been applied for therapy of acute and chronic forms of inflammations of the bladder and the urethra, additionally the prostatitis, the epididymitis, but first of all the pyelonephritis (caused bacterially). within the germ spectrum of these diseases, germs of the coli-type, streptococcus faecalis (enterococcus), staphyloco ...	1975	806772