Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [the mouse paw edema test for titrating shigella toxin and antitoxin and for determining the safety of the anatoxin]. | the method for the titration of shigella dysenteriae i neurotoxin, toxoid prepared from this toxin and different antitoxic preparations in the mouse paw edema test has been developed. the quantitative determination of antitoxin is based on the neutralization test. the conditions of titration (the dilutions of the neurotoxin and the neutralization doses of the antitoxin), as well as criteria for the evaluation of the positive or negative results, have been established. | 1987 | 3314277 |
| shigella bacteremia in adults. a report of five cases and review of the literature. | shigella bacteremia is rare, occurring mainly in children. we describe five adult patients with shigella bacteremia and review data on 22 cases reported in the english-language medical literature. eighteen (67%) of 27 patients had either an underlying condition or were aged older than 65 years. most patients had clinical signs of acute febrile gastroenteritis. however, in six patients, the organism was not isolated from stool. species isolated from blood included shigella flexneri in 11 patients ... | 1987 | 3314766 |
| shigellemia and hemolytic-uremic syndrome: a case report. | 1987 | 3316466 | |
| limb specific connections of the cat magnocellular red nucleus. | afferent and efferent connections of the limb specific divisions of the cat magnocellular red nucleus (rnm) were traced using the bidirectional transport of wheatgerm agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase complex (wga-hrp). injection sites within forelimb or hindlimb rnm regions were identified by microelectrode recording and confirmed by the position of labeled rubrospinal terminals. additional injections into structures that project to, or receive input from, rnm confirmed the somatotopic organiza ... | 1987 | 2826551 |
| media for isolating shigella. | 1987 | 2881104 | |
| an outbreak of dysentery due to shigella dysenteriae type 1 in rangoon, burma. | 1987 | 2963061 | |
| epidemiological aspects of plasmid profiles in shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains isolated from burma & india. | 1987 | 2967798 | |
| plasmid-mediated resistance to nalidixic acid in shigella dysenteriae type 1. | in an epidemic of shigellosis in southern bangladesh the causal organism, shigella dysenteriae type 1, was resistant to nalidixic acid as well as to co-trimoxazole (trimethoprimsulphamethoxazole) and ampicillin. the genes coding for resistance to nalidixic acid, but not those coding for resistance to co-trimoxazole or ampicillin, are located on a conjugative 20 megadalton plasmid. this epidemic is of particular importance because of the resistance to nalidixic acid, an antibiotic to which shigel ... | 1987 | 2887725 |
| enhancement of contractile responses to partial alpha-adrenoceptor agonists during warming in rat aorta. | we examined the effects of warming on the contractile responses to full and partial alpha-adrenoceptor agonists in rat aorta. the contractions elicited by norepinephrine and methoxamine were not affected during warming (40 degrees c, 42 degrees c), whereas those induced by clonidine and st 587 were significantly enhanced. kcl-induced contractions of rat aorta were not affected by warming. the dissociation constants of clonidine and st 587 at 40 degrees c were not different from those at 37 degre ... | 1987 | 2895427 |
| evidence that stimulation of growth hormone release by epinephrine and vasoactive intestinal peptide is based on cell-to-cell communication in the pituitary. | epinephrine (epi) evoked a strong concentration-dependent (1-1000 nm) rise of gh release from perifused rat anterior pituitary cells cultured as aggregates in a serum-free defined culture medium. dexamethasone (dex), added to the culture medium, enhanced the secretory response to epi. aggregates of pituitary cells separated by gradient sedimentation at unit gravity widely differed in responsiveness to epi, provided dex was added to the culture medium. the poorest response was seen in aggregates ... | 1987 | 3023029 |
| comparison of the effects of fe2+ and cu2+ on prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit kidney medulla slices. | the effects of fe2+ and cu2+ on the generation of medullary prostaglandins e2 and f2 alpha have been compared. fe2+ markedly promoted the lipid peroxidation of rabbit kidney medulla slices. the lipid peroxidation induced by fe2+ inhibited both prostaglandin e2 and prostaglandin f2 alpha formation to a similar extent. while cu2+ produced only a small increase in lipid peroxidation, it had a powerful inhibitory effect on prostaglandin e2 formation. simultaneously, prostaglandin f2 alpha production ... | 1987 | 2883291 |
| [expressing plasmid vectors on the basis of escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene fragments]. | with the use of synthetic dna fragments, a set of new plasmid vectors has been obtained. the vectors provided high level expression of peptides and small proteins in e. coli as fusions with fragments of beta-galactosidase of various length. these vectors were used to achieve expression of a synthetic gene for a functionally active fragment of bacteriorhodopsin. the yields of hybrid proteins consisting of beta-galactosidase and bacteriorhodopsin fragments were in the range of 5-30% from the total ... | 1987 | 3036168 |
| localization of stx, a determinant essential for high-level production of shiga toxin by shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, near pyrf and generation of stx transposon mutants. | hfr strains of shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 were constructed by transient integration of an rp4 plasmid derivative carrying transposon tn501 into the shigella chromosome through tn501-mediated cointegration. the hfr strains were mated with escherichia coli k-12 recipients carrying various auxotrophic markers, and e. coli recombinants which had received prototrophic shigella genes were selected. some of the e. coli transconjugants produced high levels of a cytotoxin which was neutralized by bo ... | 1987 | 3040592 |
| molecular properties of f9 embryoglycan recognized by a unique antibody in sera from patients with germ cell tumors. | human antibody against an embryoglycan present on a mouse teratocarcinoma cell line f9 was found in sera from 16 of 29 patients with embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and choriocarcinoma of gonadal and extragonadal origins by farr assay. in contrast, none of the sera from patients (77 cases) with dysgerminoma, seminoma, germinoma, and mature teratoma or from patients (118 cases) with nongerm cell types of ovarian tumors contained this antibody. the antigenic embryoglycan wa ... | 1987 | 3032420 |
| detection of aspartate kinase in rat liver and its activation by ca++ and calmodulin. | the enzyme aspartate kinase (ec 2.7.2.4) has been detected in rat liver (animal tissue) for the first time. this enzyme, like the aspartate kinase from bacteria and plants is inhibited by lysine and threonine. further, the activity of the enzyme is stimulated over two fold by ca++ and calmodulin and inhibited by egta, a ca++ chelator and trifluoperazine, an anti-calmodulin compound. | 1987 | 3034280 |
| detection of aspartate kinase in rat liver and its activation by ca++ and calmodulin. | the enzyme aspartate kinase (ec 2.7.2.4) has been detected in rat liver (animal tissue) for the first time. this enzyme, like the aspartate kinase from bacteria and plants is inhibited by lysine and threonine. further, the activity of the enzyme is stimulated over two fold by ca++ and calmodulin and inhibited by egta, a ca++ chelator and trifluoperazine, an anti-calmodulin compound. | 1987 | 3034280 |
| detection of leishmania parasites by dna in situ hybridization with non-radioactive probes. | in situ hybridization techniques develop rapidly into diagnostic tools of considerable value for detection of viruses and bacteria. here we report the application of this technique for the detection of leishmania parasites. biotin-labelled total promastigote dna was hybridized to cultured leishmania parasites and to blood and impression smears of infected mice. in promastigotes kinetoplasts were strongly stained, nuclei somewhat more diffuse. in amastigotes both nuclear and kinetoplast dna hybri ... | 1987 | 3035535 |
| evidence that stimulation of growth hormone release by epinephrine and vasoactive intestinal peptide is based on cell-to-cell communication in the pituitary. | epinephrine (epi) evoked a strong concentration-dependent (1-1000 nm) rise of gh release from perifused rat anterior pituitary cells cultured as aggregates in a serum-free defined culture medium. dexamethasone (dex), added to the culture medium, enhanced the secretory response to epi. aggregates of pituitary cells separated by gradient sedimentation at unit gravity widely differed in responsiveness to epi, provided dex was added to the culture medium. the poorest response was seen in aggregates ... | 1987 | 3023029 |
| purification and some properties of shiga-like toxin from escherichia coli o157:h7 that is immunologically identical to shiga toxin. | a cytotoxin to vero cells (shiga-like toxin), which was neutralized by antibody against purified shiga toxin produced by shigella dysenteriae 1, was purified from escherichia coli o157:h7, isolated from a patient with hemorrhagic colitis. the purification procedure consisted of ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose column chromatography, chromatofocusing column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. about 200 micrograms of purified shiga-like toxin was obtained from ... | 1987 | 3148810 |
| redistribution of nuclear ribonucleoprotein antigens during herpes simplex virus infection. | infection of human epidermoid carcinoma no. 2 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) leads to a reorganization of antigens associated with both the small and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (snrnp and hnrnp). the hnrnp core protein antigens remain associated with the host chromatin, which appears to collapse into internal aggregates and along the nuclear envelope. more striking is the formation of prominent clusters of snrnp antigens (both general and u1 snrnp specific) ... | 1987 | 2824525 |
| effect of b cell stimulatory factor-1 (interleukin 4) on fc epsilon and fc gamma receptor expression on murine b lymphocytes and b cell lines. | culture of murine splenic b cells with interleukin 4 (il-4) caused the up-regulation of the lymphocyte fc receptor for immunoglobulin e (ige) (fc epsilon r) over a similar dose range as required for ia up-regulation. however, the expression level of the fc receptor for immunoglobulin g (fc gamma r) did not increase, rather il-4 caused a slight but consistent decrease in the fc gamma r level on the b cells. fc epsilon r+ b hybridoma cells also responded to il-4 by exhibiting increased fc epsilon ... | 1987 | 2958544 |
| [effect of nicotinic acid, nicotinamide and its combination with ziksorin and phenobarbital on the udp glucuronyl transferase activity of the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum in the rat]. | nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (100 mg/kg) increase the activity of the rat liver microsomal uridine diphosphate-glucuronyltransferase by 55 and 73.8%. administration of nicotinamide in combination with ziksorin or phenobarbital enhanced the enzyme-inducing effects of the latter. | 1988 | 2966073 |
| the relationships between oligomeric structure and function of band 3 protein from human erythrocyte membranes: present knowledge and suggestions for further experiments. | 1988 | 2976450 | |
| effects of iron and temperature on shiga-like toxin i production by escherichia coli. | iron is known to depress shiga toxin production by shigella dysenteriae 1, and temperature has been shown to regulate several genes required for shigella invasiveness. in this study, the influence of iron and temperature on regulation of a highly related toxin, shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli, was examined in strains lysogenic for the toxin-converting coliphage 933j and in strains carrying the cloned slt-i genes on a high-copy-number plasmid vector. for compariso ... | 1988 | 3121508 |
| transposon-induced alterations in the promoter region affect transcription of the chalcone synthase gene of antirrhinum majus. | four solid-colour revertants were isolated from the highly variegated niv-53::tam1 mutant, in which the transposable element tam1 is integrated in the promoter region of the chalcone synthase (chs) gene. dna sequence analysis revealed that in all four lines the tam1 element was deleted together with flanking nucleotides of the chs promoter. in one case the tata box of the chs gene was removed resulting in extremely low expression of the gene, and initiation of transcription occurring at a new po ... | 1988 | 2830468 |
| effects of carbamylcholine on membrane potential and na-k pump activity of cultured rat skeletal myotubes. | 1. we measured changes in resting membrane potential (em) and na-k pump activity, assayed by ouabain-sensitive 86rb uptake, in response to carbamylcholine (cch) and its continued presence in single rat skeletal myotubes in culture. 2. cch caused immediate depolarization from control em (-80 to -85 mv) to near 0 followed by repolarization of varying degrees depending on the age of the culture and temperature of the recording medium; repolarization of em was most apparent by culture age 8-9 days i ... | 1988 | 2852060 |
| plasmid profile as a useful marker of a shigella dysenteriae type 1 strain causing an epidemic of shigellosis. | plasmid profiles of 60 shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolates obtained during an epidemic period (april - october 1983) were compared with that of 74 other shigella species isolated during the same period of time and also with that of 20 s. dysenteriae type 1 isolates obtained before the epidemic period (1969 - 1982). all samples were collected during an epidemic of shigellosis from diarrhoeal patients being treated at the dhaka treatment centre of the international centre for diarrhoeal disease r ... | 1988 | 3077946 |
| a correlation between regional acetylcholinesterase activity in rat brain and performance in a spatial task. | the acquisition and retention of a water maze task was examined in 12 intact, young wistar rats. acetylcholinesterase activity in 43 discrete brain regions was then measured in the same rats by quantitative histochemistry. individual learning and retention indices were found to be significantly correlated with acetylcholinesterase (ache) levels in specific regions, e.g. cholinergic nuclei; the ventral pallidum and nucleus basalis; and in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. high levels of ache ... | 1988 | 3166718 |
| shigella dysenteriae type 1 in tourists to cancun, mexico. | 1988 | 3135475 | |
| further serological investigations in humans and domestic animals on the cape verde islands (q-fever, brucellosis, listeriosis, shigellosis, campylobacteriosis, yersiniosis, toxoplasmosis and chlamydia of plt-group). | 439 sera of domestic animals and various number (150-500) of human sera of the cape verde islands were examined for antibodies against coxiella burnetti, brucella abortus, b.melitensis, listeria monocytogenes, shigella dysenteriae, s.flexneri, s. boydii, s.sonnei, campylobacter jejuni, c.fetus ssp. intestinalis, yersinia enterocolitica, toxoplasma gondii and chlamydia of the plt-group. it could be shown, that on the cape verde islands there is to be counted with numerous zoonoses due to various ... | 1988 | 3139491 |
| activity of glucosidase inhibitors against hiv infections. | 1988 | 3182426 | |
| control of diarrhoeal diseases. | during its early years, who was primarily concerned with epidemic control, standardization and quality control of vaccines, and administration of the international sanitary regulations. among the acute enteric infections, cholera received the greatest attention because of its propensity for rapid epidemic spread. when the seventh pandemic of cholera began in 1961, who responded with a greatly expanded programme of activities which included cooperation with countries in training and control effor ... | 1988 | 3176516 |
| head posture and hyo-mandibular function in man. a synchronized electromyographic and videofluorographic study of the open-close-clench cycle. | synchronized electromyography and videofluorography (lateral projection) were used to investigate the influence of altered head posture on hyo-mandibular movements, suprahyoid muscle length, suprahyoid working angle, and timing of suprahyoid and masseter muscle activity. twelve adult male subjects with normal dentofacial morphology were investigated during the open-close-clench cycle. using upright head position (frankfort horizontal) as reference, several statistically significant observations ... | 1988 | 3055938 |
| head posture and hyo-mandibular function in man. a synchronized electromyographic and videofluorographic study of the open-close-clench cycle. | synchronized electromyography and videofluorography (lateral projection) were used to investigate the influence of altered head posture on hyo-mandibular movements, suprahyoid muscle length, suprahyoid working angle, and timing of suprahyoid and masseter muscle activity. twelve adult male subjects with normal dentofacial morphology were investigated during the open-close-clench cycle. using upright head position (frankfort horizontal) as reference, several statistically significant observations ... | 1988 | 3055938 |
| differing expression of insulin-like growth factor i in the developing and in the adult rat cerebellum. | insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i; somatomedin c) is a trophic peptide of importance for the development of several tissues and organs. in the present study we have mapped the cellular distribution and dynamic changes of igf-i immunoreactivity in the rat cerebellum from its postnatal development to maturity. in vitro hybridization of igf-i mrna was used to demonstrate that the igf-i immunoreactive material was synthesized in the cerebellum during a limited time period of cerebellar differentia ... | 1988 | 3067513 |
| [haemophilus cellulitis--a contribution to the differential diagnosis of cheek swelling in childhood]. | the haemophilus influenzae cellulitis in infancy is a disease with special features in relation to early clinical recognition and treatment. we describe three such cases seen in our hospital with haemophilus influenzae as etiological agent. one patient died in consequence of a purulent meningitis recognized not in time and developing under antibiotic therapy not suitable for h. i. cellulitis. after review of the most important data from the literature suggestions were made for adequate diagnosti ... | 1988 | 3263609 |
| the rate of dam-mediated dna adenine methylation in escherichia coli. | 1988 | 3074008 | |
| treatment of murine lupus with monoclonal antibody to l3t4. i. effects on the distribution and function of lymphocyte subsets and on the histopathology of autoimmune disease. | monoclonal antibodies (moab) to l3t4 have been used successfully to suppress autoimmunity in murine models for several human autoimmune diseases. to clarify the immunologic and clinical consequences of treatment with anti-l3t4, we examined the effects of chronic administration of anti-l3t4 on the composition of lymphoid organs, the function of lymphocytes, and the histopathology of autoimmune disease in lupus-prone nzb/nzw f1 (b/w) mice. weekly treatment with anti-l3t4 (2 mg/mouse) from age 5 to ... | 1988 | 3267085 |
| leads from the mmwr. shigella dysenteriae type 1 in tourists to cancun, mexico. | 1988 | 3043025 | |
| direct cytotoxic action of shiga toxin on human vascular endothelial cells. | to help explain a role of the shiga toxin family in hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans, it has been hypothesized that these toxins cause direct damage to the vascular endothelium. we now report that shiga toxin purified from shigella dysenteriae 1 does indeed have a direct cytotoxic effect on vascular endothelial cells in cultures. human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) in confluent monolayers were reduced 50% by 10(-8) m shiga toxin after a lag period of 48 to 9 ... | 1988 | 3044997 |
| isolation of shiga toxin-resistant vero cells and their use for easy identification of the toxin. | shiga toxin-resistant vero cells were isolated by treatment of the cells with nitrosoguanidine. these mutant cells were not affected by shiga toxin at more than 1 microgram/ml, although the parent vero cells were sensitive to 25 pg of the toxin per ml. immunofluorescence studies showed that all the mutant cells had lost toxin-binding capacity. the cytotoxic activities of various bacterial cultures against the parent and mutant cells were compared. all samples from 10 strains of shigella dysenter ... | 1988 | 3045003 |
| cloning and sequencing of a shiga-like toxin type ii variant from escherichia coli strain responsible for edema disease of swine. | a shiga-like toxin type ii variant (slt-iiv) is produced by strains of escherichia coli responsible for edema disease of swine and is antigenically related to shiga-like toxin type ii (slt-ii) of enterohemorrhagic e. coli. however, slt-iiv is only active against vero cells, whereas slt-ii is active against both vero and hela cells. the structural genes for slt-iiv were cloned from e. coli s1191, and the nucleotide sequence was determined and compared with those of other members of the shiga toxi ... | 1988 | 3045088 |
| congo red binding and salt aggregation as indicators of virulence in shigella species. | smooth strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1, shigella flexneri, shigella boydii, and shigella sonnei which form pigmented colonies (pcr+) on congo red agar were virulent in the sereny test. smooth variants unable to bind congo red (pcr-) were avirulent. measurements of dye uptake from solution showed that s. dysenteriae type 1 bound the most dye, followed in order of uptake by s. flexneri, s. boydii, and s. sonnei. using the salt aggregation test (sat) to determine cell surface hydrophobicity, ... | 1988 | 3045151 |
| the primary structure of the operons coding for shigella dysenteriae toxin and temperature phage h30 shiga-like toxin. | nucleotide(nt) sequences were determined for the toxin (sht) operon present in the chromosome of shigella dysenteriae 1 and for the shiga-like toxin (slt) operon found in the lambdoid phage h30 genome. the coding sequences of the sht and slt genes differ in 4 nt with 1 nt change responsible for an amino acid replacement. the deduced amino acid sequence in the a chain of the toxins is highly homologous to that of the a chain of ricin, a plant toxin. sht-coding mrnas were detected by mapping the 5 ... | 1988 | 3049254 |
| dna probes to identify shiga-like toxin i- and ii-producing enteric bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with diarrhea in thailand. | when shigella species, escherichia coli, and five other bacterial enteric pathogens isolated from children with diarrhea in thailand were tested for hybridization under stringent conditions with probes for shiga-like toxins i and ii, only 30 shigella dysenteriae 1 hybridized with the shiga-like toxin i probe. | 1988 | 3049664 |
| deletion of the shiga toxin gene in a chlorate-resistant derivative of shigella dysenteriae type 1 that retains virulence. | we used a probe specific for detecting the structural-gene sequences of shiga toxin to analyze the genetic nature of toxin synthesis in mutant derivatives of shigella dysenteriae type 1. a chlorate-resistant (chl) mutant (725-78) of s. dysenteriae type 1 strain 3818t, which had retained virulence but had lost production of high levels of cytotoxic activity associated with shiga toxin synthesis, contained a complete deletion of the shiga toxin structural-gene sequences. these structural-gene sequ ... | 1988 | 3049838 |
| [differentiation of virulent strains of shigella and entero-invasive escherichia from their avirulent variants using modified indirect immunoenzyme analysis]. | the data obtained in this investigation confirm that the modified indirect enzyme immunoassay (eia) permits the differentiation of virulent bacteria of the genus shigella and enteroinvasive escherichia (group 1), regularly containing virulence plasmids with a molecular weight of 120-140 md, from their avirulent variants which have lost these plasmids (group 2). the ratio of the optic density (od) values of the positive control samples (the od of group 1) to the od values of the negative ones (th ... | 1988 | 3051808 |
| the ecology and pathogenicity of urease-producing bacteria in the urinary tract. | urease activity is a physiological function of many bacteria that enables these organisms to utilize urea as a source of nitrogen. the association of ureolytic bacteria with human or animal hosts varies widely from a commensal relationship as demonstrated with skin microflora, a symbiotic relationship in the gastrointestinal tract, to a pathogenic relationship in the urinary tract. since similar or identical species of bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus are found in all three environments, t ... | 1988 | 3053050 |
| the ecology and pathogenicity of urease-producing bacteria in the urinary tract. | urease activity is a physiological function of many bacteria that enables these organisms to utilize urea as a source of nitrogen. the association of ureolytic bacteria with human or animal hosts varies widely from a commensal relationship as demonstrated with skin microflora, a symbiotic relationship in the gastrointestinal tract, to a pathogenic relationship in the urinary tract. since similar or identical species of bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus are found in all three environments, t ... | 1988 | 3053050 |
| development of dna probes for cytotoxin and enterotoxin genes in enteric bacteria. | dna probes to identify the genes encoding toxins in enteric bacteria have been developed. use of these probes reduces the number of animals required for toxicity testing, as suspect bacteria can be directly tested for the presence of toxin. we have augmented the gene probes available by developing probes against the escherichia coli enterotoxin ltii and shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1. the ltii gene from e. coli 357900 was identified and characterised and a suitable internal probe was ob ... | 1988 | 3053231 |
| antibody response to lipopolysaccharide antigen in shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection. | 1988 | 3053437 | |
| role of shiga toxin in the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery, studied by using a tox- mutant of shigella dysenteriae 1. | a tox- mutant of shigella dysenteriae 1, sc501, was genetically engineered by cloning the shiga toxin operon, inserting a cassette into the a subunit gene, and exchanging this in vitro-mutagenized sequence with the wild-type gene. sc501 produced a low amount of residual cytotoxicity which was not neutralized by a rabbit immune serum directed against shiga toxin. invasion of cultured cells demonstrated that shiga toxin had no effect on the rate of intracellular growth of bacteria or on the rapid ... | 1988 | 3053452 |
| extraintestinal manifestations of shigellosis during an epidemic of bacillary dysentery in port blair, andaman & nicobar island (india). | 1988 | 3053630 | |
| plasmid analysis of shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolates obtained from widely scattered geographical locations. | plasmid profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 343 strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1, obtained from 18 different geographical locations, were analyzed. three plasmids, with molecular sizes of 140, 6, and 2 megadaltons (mda), were present in 94, 98, and 96%, respectively, of the 343 strains isolated during either epidemic or nonepidemic periods from 1965 to 1987. in addition to these plasmids, 83% of the strains harbored a 4-mda plasmid and 25% harbored a 20-mda plasmid. vario ... | 1988 | 3053762 |
| brain cellular injury and recovery--horizons for improving medical therapies in stroke and trauma. | an edited summary of an interdepartmental conference arranged by the department of medicine of the ucla school of medicine, los angeles. the director of conferences is william m. pardridge, md, professor of medicine. after ischemic and traumatic brain injury, many cells may be rendered dysfunctional but are not irreversibly damaged or disrupted. the brain tissue may become metabolically deranged, and neurons, while still alive, are paralyzed and cannot create an action potential or conduct an el ... | 1988 | 2902711 |
| two mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in a patient with extreme insulin resistance. | insulin receptor complementary dna has been cloned from an insulin-resistant patient with leprechaunism whose receptors exhibited multiple abnormalities in insulin binding. the patient is a compound heterozygote, having inherited two different mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene. one allele contains a missense mutation encoding the substitution of glutamic acid for lysine at position 460 in the alpha subunit of the receptor. the second allele has a nonsense mutation causing premature cha ... | 1988 | 2834824 |
| two mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene in a patient with extreme insulin resistance. | insulin receptor complementary dna has been cloned from an insulin-resistant patient with leprechaunism whose receptors exhibited multiple abnormalities in insulin binding. the patient is a compound heterozygote, having inherited two different mutant alleles of the insulin receptor gene. one allele contains a missense mutation encoding the substitution of glutamic acid for lysine at position 460 in the alpha subunit of the receptor. the second allele has a nonsense mutation causing premature cha ... | 1988 | 2834824 |
| anticytotoxin-neutralizing antibodies in immune globulin preparations: potential use in hemolytic-uremic syndrome. | the pathogenesis of primary (classic) hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus) is thought to be related to cytotoxin-producing enteric pathogens such as shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and escherichia coli serotypes o157:h7 and 026:h11. the relevant cytotoxins include shiga toxin and the closely related shiga-like toxins (slts) produced by some e. coli strains. intravenously administered immune globulin (ivig) therapy has been reported to be beneficial in a few children with hus. we therefore examined co ... | 1988 | 3057156 |
| transferable or mobilisable antibiotic resistance in shigella dysenteriae types 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 isolated in ethiopia during 1974-85. | a total of 199 shigella dysenteriae isolates resistant to one or more antibiotics and belonging to types 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 was examined by one-step broth mating with escherichia coli k12 and, if non-conjugative, additionally by triparental crosses with the conjugative plasmids x and delta. of the s. dysenteriae type 1 (shiga's bacillus) strains, 96% harboured conjugative plasmids. during 1974-79, isolates of shiga's bacillus carried conjugative plasmids coding for acssut (ampicillin, chloramph ... | 1988 | 3058982 |
| [etiologic structure of bacterial dysentery in the ussr in 1983-1985]. | the etiological structure of dysentery in the ussr in 1983-1985 is characterized. sonne dysentery was found to prevail in the territories with adequate water supply, while dysentery caused by shigella flexneri prevailed at the territories with unsatisfactory water supply. s. dysenteriae and s. boydii were found to play a limited role in the etiology of dysentery. in the presence of global pandemic, an increase in the isolation rate of s. dysenteriae i in the ussr is observed. the data on the bio ... | 1988 | 3061262 |
| [the world-wide pandemic and drug resistance of the causative agent of grigor'ev-shiga dysentery]. | one of the factors facilitating the global pandemic of grigor'ev-shiga dysentery is considered in detail. all shigella dysenteriae 1 strains, irrespective of the geographical zone of their spread, showed medicinal resistance. as pandemic developed, the spectrum of medicinal resistance constantly increased in all hyperendemic foci. the presence of pronounced relationships between the strains circulating in each of three hyperendemic foci and the strains circulating in different hyperendemic foci ... | 1988 | 3064514 |
| shiga toxin as inhibitor of protein synthesis. | 1988 | 3068485 | |
| selective destruction of vagal sensory neurons using shigella cytotoxin. | 1988 | 3068486 | |
| genetic relatedness of the basic replicon of the virulence plasmid in shigellae and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. | the regions required for replication (rep) and for stable maintenance (stb) of the 230 kilobase virulence plasmid, pmysh6000, in shigella flexneri 2a ysh6000 were identified on the restriction enzyme sa/l fragments, c and o, respectively. the stable plasmid, pmysh6610, consisting of adjacent fragments c and o was found to belong to the incompatibility group fl. in all strains of shigellae and enteroinvasive escherichia coli (eiec) tested, virulence plasmids were found to be highly homologous wit ... | 1988 | 3070262 |
| identity of molecular structure of shiga-like toxin i (vt1) from escherichia coli o157:h7 with that of shiga toxin. | the primary structures of the a and b subunits of shiga toxin and of shiga-like toxin i (vt1), isolated from the culture supernatants of shigella dysenteriae 1 and escherichia coli o157:h7, respectively, were analyzed by edman degradation of intact proteins and peptides in their digests with trypsin or achromobacter protease i and also by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of the digests. the results indicated that the a and b subunits of shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin i have the same pri ... | 1988 | 3070268 |
| a small nonconjugative plasmid encoded for streptomycin-resistant character in shigella dysenteriae. | conjugative transfers of drug-resistant plasmids in shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolated from the epidemic in west bengal were unsuccessful. the plasmids were non-transmissible in spite of having the fertility factor f, genetically labelled with kanamycin-resistant transposon tn903 (pws 7). a small 2.5 kb nonconjugative plasmid encoded for the streptomycin-resistant character. cured plasmid-less strains of s. dysenteriae 1 showed resistance to sulfonamides. | 1988 | 3071516 |
| clinical impact of drug resistance. | 1988 | 2896697 | |
| a selective inhibitor of camp-specific phosphodiesterase, ro 20-1724, has no effect on the quantal release of acetylcholine from the mouse phrenic nerve. | the indirect twitch response of the mouse isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation, partially paralysed by tubocurarine, was restored only by about 10% by ro 20-1724 at 2 to 280 microm. the solvent vehicle, dimethylsulphoxide, also showed the same effect to a similar extent. intracellular recordings with glass microelectrodes revealed that ro 20-1724 (40 microm) affected neither the resting membrane potential, the amplitude and frequency of miniature endplate potentials nor the amplitude of ... | 1988 | 2897454 |
| dysentery due to multiresistant shiga bacillus in rural iran. | 1988 | 2902359 | |
| nalidixic-acid resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 in eastern india. | 1988 | 2902361 | |
| three distinct forms of type 2a protein phosphatase in human erythrocyte cytosol. | two type 2a protein phosphatases, phosphatases i (mr = 180,000) and iii (mr = 177,000), were purified to near homogeneity from human erythrocyte cytosol. phosphatase i was composed of alpha (34 kda), beta (63 kda), and delta (74 kda) subunits in a ratio of 1:1:1. phosphatase iii comprised alpha, beta, and gamma (53 kda) subunits in the same ratio. heparin-sepharose column chromatography converted most of phosphatase i and 20% of phosphatase iii into alpha 1 beta 1 which were indistinguishable fr ... | 1988 | 2831201 |
| cloning and sequencing of the genes for shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae type 1. | the structural genes for shiga toxin, designated stx a and stx b, were cloned from shigella dysenteriae type 1 3818t, and a nucleotide sequence analysis was performed. both stx a and stx b were present on a single transcriptional unit, with stx a preceding stx b. the molecular weight calculated for the processed a subunit was 32,225, while the molecular weight of the processed b subunit was 7,691. comparison of the nucleotide sequences for shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) from escheric ... | 1988 | 2830229 |
| dna probes for shiga-like toxins i and ii and for toxin-converting bacteriophages. | a set of dna probes has been developed to study the genes for shiga-like toxins (slt) and the bacteriophage from which these toxin genes were isolated. under stringent conditions of hybridization (80 to 90% homology), these probes detect strains containing (i) slt i-related genes, (ii) slt ii-related genes, (iii) phage sequences from the slt i-converting phage h19a/933j, and (iv) phage sequences from the slt ii-converting phage 933w. strain characterization by hybridization with the toxin gene p ... | 1988 | 2842369 |
| study of plasmid screening amongst pathogenic bacteria isolated in nigeria. | clinical isolates of neisseria gonorrhoeae, campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, shigella boydii, yersinia spp. and salmonella spp. were screened for the presence of plasmids. approximately 80% of these strains harboured plasmids ranging in molecular weight from 1.0 to 45 x 10(6) daltons. | 1988 | 2845756 |
| [effects of the long-acting analgesics 3-(beta-phenylethyl)-9 beta-methoxy-9 alpha-(m-hydroxyphenyl)-3-azabicycles [3,3,1]-nonane (p-7521) on opiate receptor binding in vitro]. | 1988 | 2855686 | |
| site of action of a vero toxin (vt2) from escherichia coli o157:h7 and of shiga toxin on eukaryotic ribosomes. rna n-glycosidase activity of the toxins. | the site of action of a vero toxin (vt2 or shiga-like toxin ii) from enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli and shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae 1 on eukaryotic ribosomes was studied. treatment of eukaryotic ribosomes with either toxin caused the release of a fragment of 400 nucleotides from 28s ribosomal rna when the isolated ribosomal rna was treated with aniline. release of this fragment with aniline treatment was accompanied by inhibition of protein synthesis and of elongation-factor-1-depe ... | 1988 | 3276522 |
| fatal shigellosis in a chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) in the jos zoo, nigeria. | shigellosis due to shigella dysenteriae was diagnosed in an adult male captive chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) which died suddenly after a brief recovery from illness lasting at least 3 wk. confirmatory diagnosis was based on postmortem examination and cultural isolation of shigella dysenteriae from the intestine, liver, lung, spleen and heart blood. | 1988 | 3280840 |
| quality of commercially produced shigella serogrouping and serotyping antisera. | shigella grouping antisera from five manufacturers and typing antisera from two were purchased and evaluated with homologous and heterologous shigella strains in the slide agglutination test. only 31 of 73 (42%) antisera were satisfactory. in many instances, the antisera gave negative, as opposed to weak, reactions when they should have given strong positive reactions. four reagents cross-reacted with shigella strains. of the 19 polyvalent grouping antisera to subgroups shigella dysenteriae sero ... | 1988 | 3281972 |
| cardiac nuclear medicine, present status, future hopes as seen from the view of a cardiologist. | the present techniques of nuclear medicine that are used in cardiology are critically evaluated. they are used mainly for the assessment of coronary circulation (measurement of regional flow and perfusion), on the determination of left ventricular muscle function (radionuclear ventriculography) and on the study of cardiac metabolism. the last-mentioned technique is unique insofar as (except for magnetic resonance imaging) there is no other method available to analyse myocardial metabolism noninv ... | 1988 | 3282883 |
| pathogenesis of shigella diarrhea: evidence for a developmentally regulated glycolipid receptor for shigella toxin involved in the fluid secretory response of rabbit small intestine. | shigella toxin reproduces the major manifestations of shigellosis in ligated intestinal loops from adult rabbits and binds to a microvillus membrane (mvm) glycolipid receptor, globotriaosylceramide (gb3). because neonatal human shigellosis is uncommon, we used the animal model for obtaining mvms from rabbits of different ages to determine the presence of toxin receptors and gb3 and to measure the fluid secretory response to toxin in ligated ileal loops. a single class of mvm receptors for 125i-l ... | 1988 | 3283253 |
| synthetic peptides of shiga toxin b subunit induce antibodies which neutralize its biological activity. | shiga toxin b chain, the binding subunit of shiga toxin, was recently purified; and the amino acid sequence of this 7,716-dalton polypeptide was determined (n.g. seidah, a. donohue-rolfe, c. lazure, f. auclair, g. t. keusch, and m. chretien, j. biol. chem. 261:13928-13931, 1986). in the present study, synthetic peptides corresponding to three overlapping sequences from the n-terminal region of this subunit were prepared. the peptides synthesized consisted of residues 5 to 18, 13 to 26, and 7 to ... | 1988 | 3286503 |
| [an investigation on secondary attack rate in families and environment contamination of bacillary dysentery in urban and rural areas]. | 1988 | 3289748 | |
| [a preliminary observation on the bactericidal effect of chlorinated trisodium phosphate]. | 1988 | 3289749 | |
| [epidemic shiga bacillus dysentery in china]. | 1988 | 3289750 | |
| micronucleus assay in human fibroblasts: a measure of spontaneous chromosomal instability and mutagen hypersensitivity. | by comparing fibroblast strains derived from individuals exhibiting chromosome instability and/or mutagen hypersensitivity (cockayne syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia, and fanconi anemia) with strains derived from healthy donors, the fibroblast micronucleus assay has been established as a reproducible measure of the genotypic variation in spontaneous or mitomycin c (mmc)-induced chromosomal instability. the patient strains that were moderately or exquisitely sensitive to mmc, whereas the mildly se ... | 1988 | 3133207 |
| characterization of the protein expressed in escherichia coli by a recombinant plasmid containing the bacillus megaterium cytochrome p-450bm-3 gene. | in two previous reports (narhi lo, fulco aj, j. biol. chem. 261: 7160-7169, 1986; ibid., 262: 6683-6690, 1987) we described the characterization of a catalytically self-sufficient 119,000-dalton p-450 cytochrome that was induced by barbiturates in bacillus megaterium. in the presence of nadph and o2, this polypeptide (cytochrome p-450bm-3) catalyzed the hydroxylation of long-chain fatty acids without the aid of any other protein. the gene encoding this unique monooxygenase was cloned into escher ... | 1988 | 3131661 |
| laboratory evaluation of essential oil of mentha piperita linn. against trichophyton mentagrophytes. | 1988 | 3255748 | |
| effects of dietary-fish-oil feeding on muscle growth and damage in the rat. | 1. giving diets containing 100 g fully-refined, non-hydrogenated fish oil/kg to rats caused substantial modification of skeletal-muscle-membrane fatty acid composition compared with control animals fed on an equivalent diet containing 100 g maize oil/kg. 2. total muscle arachidonic acid (20:4 omega 6) was reduced from 138 (sd 25) mg/g total fatty acids to 15 (sd 2) mg/g and phospholipid arachidonic acid content showed equivalent changes. 3. reduction in muscle arachidonic acid content had no inf ... | 1988 | 3143398 |
| analysis and genetic manipulation of shigella virulence determinants for vaccine development. | shigellosis is a major public health problem in developing countries. current epidemics of shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 strains are particularly serious and are characterized by high mortality rates. a high proportion of the isolates are resistant to many of the antibiotics currently in use in these countries, a feature which seriously compromises clinical treatment of the infections. efficacious vaccines are thus urgently needed. basic studies on shigella virulence factors, infections in lab ... | 1988 | 3291449 |
| effect of indomethacin on febrile response to recombinant human interleukin 1-alpha in rabbits. | effects of indomethacin, a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin (pg) synthesis, on the fever induced by recombinant human interleukin 1-alpha (rhil 1-alpha) was studied in conscious rabbits. intracerebroventricularly administered rhil 1-alpha induced a dose-dependent increase in colonic temperature that was prominently suppressed by pretreatment with indomethacin given either intracerebroventricularly or subcutaneously. on the other hand, fever induced by intravenous administration of rhil 1-alpha ... | 1988 | 3263055 |
| a possible ligand of serum origin for the kidney autoantigen of heymann nephritis. | earlier studies have localized the heymann nephritis (hn) autoantigen (gp330) in the coated pits of the plasma membrane and multivesicular bodies of the glomerular epithelial cell. because of these locations in the glomerular epithelial cells, it has been suggested that the hn ag may be a receptor. the aim of our study was to search for a ligand which can bind the hn autoantigen. normal rat serum was subjected to sds-page under reducing and non-reducing conditions followed by western analysis of ... | 1988 | 3264306 |
| effect of resin components on the growth of streptococcus mutans. | 1988 | 3269405 | |
| growth of pure cultures of retinal pigment epithelial cells using chorioretinal biopsies from the pig. | 1988 | 3289957 | |
| inhibition of the proliferative response of human b lymphocytes to b cell growth factor by transforming growth factor-beta. | the effects of transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta) on the proliferative response of human b cells to the low molecular weight b cell growth factor (bcgf) have been investigated in this study. it was found that tgf-beta, at picomolar concentrations, strongly inhibited the bcgf-induced proliferation of anti-mu chain or staphylococcus aureus cowan i-activated human b cells and also of a bcgf-dependent cell line derived from a human lymphocytic nodular lymphoma. this inhibitory effect was det ... | 1988 | 3257917 |
| glucocorticosteroids induce dna fragmentation in human lymphoid leukemia cells. | the present study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of glucocorticoid-induced dna damage in the lysis of human lymphoid leukemia cells by glucocorticoids. lymphoblasts were isolated from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) or chronic myelogenous leukemia (cml) in blast crisis and cultured in vitro with or without dexamethasone. dna was then purified from the cells and analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. only high molecular weight (mol wt) dna was present in cells ... | 1988 | 3262387 |
| lactic acidosis and recovery of neuronal function following cerebral hypoxia in vitro. | the rat hippocampal slice preparation was used to study the combined effects of hypoxia and lactic acidosis on neuronal function. control slices were exposed to a standard hypoxic insult while being perfused with normal artificial cerebrospinal fluid (acsf). experimental slices were perfused with acsf containing 1.0, 2.0, 10.0 or 20.0 mm lactic acid, 30 min before and during the same standard hypoxic insult. following at 30-min recovery period the ability of these slices to respond to orthodromi ... | 1988 | 3345436 |
| nutritional requirements of shigellae for growth in a minimal medium. | most (about 81%) of the clinical isolates of shigellae that were tested failed to grow in a minimal medium. of the auxotrophic isolates belonging to the four shigella species, 98% grew in a minimal medium containing methionine, nicotinic acid, and tryptophan. the combination of methionine and tryptophan appears to be an obligatory requirement for shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 strains, while the combination of nicotinic acid and tryptophan appears to be obligatory for serotype 2. requirements w ... | 1988 | 3346071 |
| interaction of horse-spleen ferritin with aluminium citrate. | horse-spleen ferritin was found to bind al systematically following gel filtration in buffered al citrate 30 microm, and up to molar ratio 98 when incubated at 37 degrees c with al citrate, buffered to ph 7.4. pre-incubation with 3 concentrations of neutral sodium phosphate (0.1, 1.0, 10.0 mm) had no significant effect on binding. apotransferrin interaction with the al-ferritin complex to release fe but not al. protein-digestion and edta washing procedures showed that the al was firmly bound to ... | 1988 | 3147825 |
| bacteriophage degradation of the capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella k24 and determination of the position of the o-acetyl group. | 1988 | 3167888 | |
| a comparison of the effects of measured, predicted, estimated and constant residual volumes on the body density of female athletes. | the body density (bd), and hence the relative body fat (% bf) was measured for 182 female athletes. the residual volume (rv) was determined both before and after the underwater weighing by a multiple breath helium dilution technique with the subject immersed to neck level. the absolute mean difference (lxdl) and see between the two rv trials were 63 and 75 ml, respectively. these increased to values ranging 144-685 and 187-252 ml, respectively, when the mean of the two rv trials for each subject ... | 1988 | 3366515 |