Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| an investigation of the quality of meat sold in lesotho. | since the closure of the lesotho abattoir in 2003, only imported meat can be legally sold. however, it was estimated in 2007 that 80% of the meat sold at butcheries comes from informal slaughter. the aim of this study was to investigate the situation. the number and location of informal butcheries in lesotho (n = 143) were recorded and mapped using geographical information systems. observations (photographs) of informal slaughter indicated a lack of hygiene, unskilled slaughtermen and illegal di ... | 2009 | 20458865 |
| paracellular permeability is increased by basal lipopolysaccharide in a primary culture of colonic epithelial cells; an effect prevented by an activator of toll-like receptor-2. | lipopolysaccharide (lps), which generally activates toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4), is expressed on commensal colonic bacteria. in a number of tissues, lps can act directly on epithelial cells to increase paracellular permeability. such an effect in the colon would have an important impact on the understanding of normal homeostasis and of pathology. our aim was to use a novel primary culture of colonic epithelial cells grown on transwells to investigate whether lps, or pam(3)csk( 4), an activator o ... | 2010 | 20472611 |
| garlic derivatives (pts and pts-o) differently affect the ecology of swine faecal microbiota in vitro. | a number of in vitro experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of two different industrial products, namely proallium-s-dmc and proallium-so-dmc (dmc research center, granada, spain), obtained from garlic (allium sativum) on the faecal microbiota of pigs. the effects of three different concentrations (50, 200 and 400 ppm) of the active compounds (pts and pts-o, respectively) from both industrial products on the gastrointestinal microbiota of pigs were tested. growth medium without any ad ... | 2010 | 20080364 |
| pivotal advance: interconversion between pure chemotactic ligands and chemoattractant/secretagogue ligands of neutrophil c5a receptor by a single amino acid substitution. | skp derived from escherichia coli attracts leukocytes as a pure chemotactic ligand of the c5a receptor. we identified the submolecular region of skp that binds and activates the c5a receptor to be -gln103-asp104-arg105- using synthetic peptide fragments and site-directed mutants of skp. as the c5a amino acid residue equivalent to gln103 of skp is leu72, we prepared a gln103leu-skp mutant as a recombinant protein. with this mutation, skp gained secretagogue functions including induction of the re ... | 2010 | 20089669 |
| evaluation of lactobacillus rhamnosus gg using an escherichia coli k88 model of piglet diarrhoea: effects on diarrhoea incidence, faecal microflora and immune responses. | probiotic bacterium lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) has been demonstrated to adhere to pig intestinal mucus, and is able to displace and inhibit pathogens, including escherichia coli (e. coli), in vitro. however, currently there are few data concerning the effects of lgg on piglet health. the objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness of lgg in reducing the incidence and severity of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets, and to investigate its mechanisms of action. eighteen weaned ba ... | 2010 | 19782483 |
| refined candidate region specified by haplotype sharing for escherichia coli f4ab/f4ac susceptibility alleles in pigs. | infection of the small intestine by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli f4ab/ac is a major welfare problem and financial burden for the pig industry. natural resistance to this infection is inherited as a mendelian recessive trait, and a polymorphism in the muc4 gene segregating for susceptibility/resistance is presently used in a selection programme by the danish pig breeding industry. to elucidate the genetic background involved in e. coli f4ab/ac susceptibility in pigs, a detailed haplotype map ... | 2010 | 19799599 |
| characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from italian bella di cerignola table olives: selection of potential multifunctional starter cultures. | lactic acid bacteria (19 isolates) from bella di cerignola italian table olives were investigated for their technological and probiotic properties for the selection of multifunctional starter cultures for table olives. the bacteria were first identified by phenotyping and genotyping, then characterized for the production of biogenic amines, growth at different ph, nacl concentrations, and temperatures. the potentiality of the bacteria to have some probiotic properties (antimicrobial activity aga ... | 2010 | 21535510 |
| ppiase domain of trigger factor acts as auxiliary chaperone site to assist the folding of protein substrates bound to the crevice of trigger factor. | trigger factor (tf) is the first chaperone encountered by nascent chains in bacteria, which consists of two modules: peptidyl-prolyl-cis/trans-isomerase (ppiase) domain and a crevice built by both n- and c-terminal domains. while the crevice is suggested to provide a protective space over the peptide exit site of ribosome for nascent polypeptides to fold, it remains unclear whether ppiase domain is directly involved in assisting protein folding. here, we introduced structural change into differe ... | 2010 | 20096367 |
| a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157, and listeria monocytogenes in meat products. | to achieve an effective detection of salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157, and listeria monocytogenes in meat products, a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) coupled with a multipathogen enrichment strategy was developed in this study. pathogen-specific dna sequences in the inva, rfbe, and hlya genes were employed to design primers and taqman probes for identifying salmonella spp., e. coli o157, and l. monocytogenes, respectively. an internal amplification control (iac) utilizi ... | 2010 | 20113204 |
| multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection and quantification of salmonella species, listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7 in ground pork samples. | salmonella sp., listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7 are foodborne pathogens capable of causing serious gastrointestinal illness. we previously described simultaneous detection of these pathogens by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in 44 types of spiked food samples, including meat, produce, fish, and dairy products, targeting genes specific for each pathogen. based on the previous work, a multiplex real-time pcr assay using fluorescent probes was developed to detect and ... | 2010 | 20132032 |
| antimicrobial activities of tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum coatings containing green tea extracts in fruit-based salads, romaine hearts and pork slices. | the antimicrobial activities of edible coatings based on a tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum (dhg) matrix with various green tea extracts (gtes) were evaluated. its effect on the shelf-life extension of fruit-based salads, romaine hearts, and pork slices were investigated as well. three types of gtes from hot water (80 degrees c) (w), 40% (e4) and 80% (e8) ethanol were prepared. it was found that all gtes showed pronounced inhibition on gram positive bacteria in agar media, includin ... | 2010 | 20138382 |
| effect of products derived from hydrolysis of wheat and flaxseed non starch polysaccharides by carbohydrase enzymes on net absorption in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (k88) challenged piglet jejunal segments. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) infection results in fluid and electrolyte losses in the small intestine. we investigated the effect of non-starch polysaccharides (nsp) hydrolysis products of wheat middlings (wm) and flaxseed (fs) on net absorption of fluid and solutes during etec challenge. products were generated by incubating wm and fs with a blend of carbohydrase enzymes to produce 2 products: 80% ethanol-soluble (es) and 80% ethanol-insoluble (ei) which were studied in 2 experiments ... | 2010 | 20163674 |
| shiga toxin 2-specific but not shiga toxin 1-specific human monoclonal antibody protects piglets challenged with enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli producing shiga toxin 1 and shiga toxin 2. | escherichia coli strains that produce shiga toxin 2 (stx2) are isolated from hemolytic-uremic syndrome (hus) cases more frequently than are strains that produce both shiga toxin 1 (stx1) and stx2, whereas strains that produce only stx1 are rarely isolated from hus cases. studies have implicated stx2 as the sole contributor to acute kidney failure and other systemic complications in humans. the aim of the present study was to determine whether stx2-specific antibody would be as effective against ... | 2010 | 20196656 |
| evaluation of fermentation, drying, and/or high pressure processing on viability of listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella spp., and trichinella spiralis in raw pork and genoa salami. | we evaluated the effectiveness of fermentation, drying, and high pressure processing (hpp) to inactivate listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella spp., and trichinella spiralis in genoa salami produced with trichinae-infected pork. in addition, we evaluated the effectiveness of using hpp to inactivate t. spiralis larvae in pig masseter tissue. in part a, genoa salami batter (about 2.3 log larvae/g) prepared with trichinae-infected pork was separately spiked with a five-strain ... | 2010 | 20207436 |
| isolation and characterization of potentially pathogenic antimicrobial-resistant escherichia coli strains from chicken and pig farms in spain. | to ascertain whether on animal farms there reside extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) and plasmidic class c beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli isolates potentially pathogenic for humans, phylogenetic analyses, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) typing, serotyping, and virulence genotyping were performed for 86 isolates from poultry (57 isolates) and pig (29 isolates) farms. e. coli isolates from poultry farms carried genes encoding enzymes of the ctx-m-9 group as well as cmy-2, w ... | 2010 | 20228098 |
| occurrence of salmonella-specific bacteriophages in swine feces collected from commercial farms. | salmonella is one of the leading causes of human foodborne illness and is associated with swine production. bacteriophages are naturally occurring viruses that prey on bacteria and have been suggested as a potential intervention strategy to reduce salmonella levels in food animals on the farm and in the lairage period. if phages are to be used to improve food safety, then we must understand the incidence and natural ecology of both phages and their hosts in the intestinal environment. this study ... | 2010 | 20230290 |
| [haemorrhagic septicaemia in a pig caused by extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli (expec) as a differential diagnosis in classical swine fever--case report and review of the literature]. | domestic pig herds in some regions of germany are permanently threatened by classical swine fever. in the case of suspicion, a series of infectious and non infectious causes has to be excluded. the present paper describes a case of escherichia coli septicaemia, with clinical and pathological symptoms that could not be differentiated from european or african swine fever. the e. coli strain could not be classified by standard serotyping. virulence factors common for etec (enterotoxic e. coli) or e ... | 2010 | 20329644 |
| [characterization of m2 gene of h3n2 subtype swine influenza virus]. | m2 protein of influenza a virus is encoded by a spliced mrna derived from rna segment 7 and plays an important role in influenza virus replication. it is also a target molecule of anti-virus drugs. we extracted the viral genome rnas from mdck cells infected with swine influenza a virus (siv) h3n2 subtype and amplified the siv m2 gene by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction using the isloated viral genome rnas as template. the amplified cdna was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vec ... | 2010 | 20353087 |
| [preparation and bioactivity of anti-human red blood cell scfv and csfv e2 bifunctional fusion protein]. | the aim of this study is to construct a bifunctional fusion protein, which can conjugate both human red blood cells and antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv). we respectively amplified 2e8scfv and me2 genes from different recombinant vectors, in which 2e8scfv gene is the single chain fv gene against h antigen of human red blood cells, whereas me2 gene is the main antigen coding region gene of csfv e2 protein. we used overlap extension pcr to obtain an artificial fusion gene segme ... | 2010 | 20353089 |
| effects of lung recruitment maneuvers on splanchnic organ perfusion during endotoxin-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. | lung recruitment maneuvers (rms), used to reopen atelectatic lung units and to improve oxygenation during mechanical ventilation, may result in hemodynamic impairment. we hypothesize that pulmonary arterial hypertension aggravates the consequences of rms in the splanchnic circulation. twelve anesthetized pigs underwent laparotomy and prolonged postoperative ventilation. systemic, regional, and organ blood flows were monitored. after 6 h (= baseline), a recruitment maneuver was performed with sus ... | 2010 | 20357696 |
| stb and aida-i: the missing link? | escherichia coli enterotoxigenic strains produce one or more toxins which action result in production of diarrhea in animals including man. one of these toxins, stb, has been mainly associated with colibacillosis in swine. although highly prevalent in pigs with diarrhea, a relation between stb and disease was arduous to establish. with the recent recognition of a new adhesin, originally found in human e. coli isolates, named aida (adhesin involved in diffuse adherence) and its association with n ... | 2010 | 20367550 |
| cardiovascular and metabolic effects of high-dose insulin in a porcine septic shock model. | high-dose insulin (hdi) has inotropic and vasodilatory properties in various clinical conditions associated with myocardial depression. the authors hypothesized that hdi will improve the myocardial depression produced by severe septic shock and have beneficial effects on metabolic parameters. in an animal model of severe septic shock, this study compared the effects of hdi treatment to normal saline (ns) resuscitation alone. | 2010 | 20370783 |
| effects of experience with swabbing procedures on the numbers of bacteria recovered from carcasses by swabbing with sponges. | each carcass in groups of 25 pig, cattle, or bison carcasses was sampled by five people: two or three people experienced with carcass sampling and two or three without previous experience. each person sampled a different randomly selected site on a dressed carcass side by swabbing an undelimited area of approximately 100 cm(2) with a moistened synthetic sponge. the numbers of aerobic bacteria, coliform bacteria, and escherichia coli recovered from each sample were determined. the mean log and lo ... | 2010 | 20377966 |
| novel variants of the qnrb gene, qnrb22 and qnrb23, in citrobacter werkmanii and citrobacter freundii. | 2010 | 20421404 | |
| persistence of a wild type escherichia coli and its multiple antibiotic-resistant (mar) derivatives in the abattoir and on chilled pig carcasses. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of an escherichia coli with the multiple antibiotic resistance (mar) phenotype to withstand the stresses of slaughter compared to an isogenic progenitor strain. a wild type e. coli isolate (345-2rifc) of porcine origin was used to derive 3 isogenic mar mutants. escherichia coli 345-2rifc and its mar derivatives were inoculated into separate groups of pigs. once colonisation was established, the pigs were slaughtered and persistence of the e. coli ... | 2010 | 20452075 |
| effect of maternal fish oil and seaweed extract supplementation on colostrum and milk composition, humoral immune response, and performance of suckled piglets. | an experiment with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments (n = 10 sows/treatment) was conducted to investigate the effect of maternal dietary supplementation with seaweed extract (swe: 0 vs. 10.0 g/d) and fish oil (fo) inclusion (0 vs. 100 g/d) from d 109 of gestation until weaning (d 26) on sow colostrum and milk composition, humoral immune response on d 5 and 12 of lactation, and suckling piglet performance. furthermore, the influence of dietary treatment on the phagocytic activity of who ... | 2010 | 20453086 |
| intestinal mucosa adherence and cytotoxicity of a sorbitol-fermenting, shiga-toxin-negative escherichia coli o157:nm isolate with an atypical type iii secretion system. | reports show that sorbitol-fermenting (sf) escherichia coli o157 isolates are implicated in animal and human diseases and may represent new emerging pathogens. we investigated the cytotoxicity and interaction with intestinal tissues of an sf, shiga-toxin-negative e. coli o157:nm isolate. this bovine isolate was negative for stx genes and was not cytotoxic for vero cells. we found that this e. coli o157 isolate possesses an intimin of type beta, whereas the translocated intimin receptor tir and t ... | 2010 | 20482230 |
| structure-based drug design and optimization of mannoside bacterial fimh antagonists. | fimh-mediated cellular adhesion to mannosylated proteins is critical in the ability of uropathogenic e. coli (upec) to colonize and invade the bladder epithelium during urinary tract infection. we describe the discovery and optimization of potent small-molecule fimh bacterial adhesion antagonists based on alpha-d-mannose 1-position anomeric glycosides using x-ray structure-guided drug design. optimized biarylmannosides display low nanomolar binding affinity for fimh in a fluorescence polarizatio ... | 2010 | 20507142 |
| expression and purification of antimicrobial peptide cm4 by npro fusion technology in e. coli. | antimicrobial peptide cm4 is a small cationic peptide with broad-spectrum activities against bacteria, fungi, and tumor cells. different strategies have been developed to produce small antibacterial peptides using recombinant techniques. to date, no efforts to obtain large quantities of active recombinant cm4 have been reported. in order to establish a bacterium-based cm4 production system, cm4 was cloned into pet28a and expressed with npro mutant (eddie) fusion. cm4 expressed as eddie are depos ... | 2010 | 20512388 |
| escherichia coli phylogenetic group determination and its application in the identification of the major animal source of fecal contamination. | escherichia coli strains are commonly found in the gut microflora of warm-blooded animals. these strains can be assigned to one of the four main phylogenetic groups, a, b1, b2 and d, which can be divided into seven subgroups (a0, a1, b1, b22, b23, d1 and d2), according to the combination of the three genetic markers chua, yjaa and dna fragment tspe4.c2. distinct studies have demonstrated that these phylo-groups differ in the presence of virulence factors, ecological niches and life-history. ther ... | 2010 | 20515490 |
| virulence of escherichia coli b2 isolates from meat and animals in a murine model of ascending urinary tract infection (uti): evidence that uti is a zoonosis. | in vivo evidence of a connection between urinary tract infections (uti) and foods is lacking. the virulence of 13 escherichia coli b2 isolates from healthy animals and fresh meat was investigated in a murine model of ascending uti. all isolates produced positive bladder cultures (10(2) to 10(7) cfu), and nine isolates produced positive kidney cultures (10(2) to 10(5) cfu). | 2010 | 20519476 |
| ancestral lineages of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is a common cause of diarrhea among children living in and among travelers visiting developing countries. human etec strains represent an epidemiologically and phenotypically diverse group of pathogens, and there is a need to identify natural groupings of these organisms that may help to explain this diversity. here, we sought to identify most of the important human etec lineages that exist in the e. coli population, because strains that originate from the ... | 2010 | 20534806 |
| an atypical porcine proliferative enteropathy of malgrowth piglets. | two 60-day-old pigs showing clinical signs of malgrowth and diarrhea were diagnosed as atypical porcine proliferative enteropathy (ppe). the intestinal mucosal lesions in the piglets were characterized by the adenomatous proliferation of the crypt epithelium together with growth of small curved bacteria within the enterocytes. the lesions could be seen in the ileum and other portions of the intestine histologically, although no significant thickening of the gut wall could be observed grossly in ... | 2010 | 20543530 |
| [expression of porcine interferon-gamma and its safe antiviral assay]. | in order to ensure the biosafty of the ifn-gamma antiviral activity assay, we used a replication-deficient vsv carrying gfp as an interferon sensitive indicator virus (vsvdeltag*g). the antiviral activities of porcine ifn-gamma expressed in escherichia coli and in baculovirus on mdbk cells were assessed. the results showed that the antiviral activity of porcine ifn-gamma expressed in baculovirus could reach 10(5) iu/ml, while the porcine ifn-gamma expressed in e. coli showed some antiviral activ ... | 2010 | 20575430 |
| [transition of entheropathogenic and saprotrophic bacteria in the eco-niche cycle: animals-excrement-soil-plants-animals]. | the possibility of transition of saprotrophic and enteropathohenic bacterial populations following the chain of naturally related habitats--fodder-animal gastrointestinal tract (git)-animals excrement-soil-plants and again animals with a cyclic formation--has been investigated quantitatively. all bacteria used in the experiments have been shown to successfully overcome all the mechanical, physical-chemical, and biological barriers in the food chain and to come out into the environment with a qui ... | 2010 | 20583615 |
| dietary zinc oxide affects the expression of genes associated with inflammation: transcriptome analysis in piglets challenged with etec k88. | the post-weaning growth check in commercial pig production systems is often associated with gastrointestinal infection, in particular that caused by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) k88. pharmacological doses of zinc oxide (zno) in the post-weaning diet reduce the incidence of diarrhoea and improve piglet performance. in the present study, piglets reared indoors or outdoors and weaned onto diets with or without pharmacological levels of zno were orally challenged with etec k88. quantitati ... | 2010 | 20605641 |
| porcine ferrochelatase: the relationship between iron-removal reaction and the conversion of heme to zn-protoporphyrin. | at the terminal step of heme biosynthesis, ferrochelatase (fech) catalyzes the insertion of fe2+ into protoporphyrin to form heme. it is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria of animals. the enzyme inserts divalent metal ions, including fe2+, co2+, and zn2+, into porphyrins in vitro. we have reported that it can remove fe2+ from heme. to characterize the iron-removal reverse activity of fech, we examined its properties in porcine liver and muscle mitochondria, and isolated porcine fe ... | 2010 | 20622448 |
| common origin of plasmid encoded alpha-hemolysin genes in escherichia coli. | alpha (alpha)-hemolysin is a pore forming cytolysin and serves as a virulence factor in intestinal and extraintestinal pathogenic strains of e. coli. it was suggested that the genes encoding alpha-hemolysin (hlycabd) which can be found on the chromosome and plasmid, were acquired through horizontal gene transfer. plasmid-encoded alpha-hly is associated with certain enterotoxigenic (etec), shigatoxigenic (stec) and enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) strains. in uropathogenic e. coli (upec), the alph ... | 2010 | 20637130 |
| self-assembly of virus-like particles of porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein expressed from escherichia coli. | porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) is a serious problem to the swine industry and can lead to significant negative impacts on profitability of pork production. syndrome associated with pcv2 is known as porcine circovirus closely associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). the capsid (cap) protein of pcv2 is a major candidate antigen for development of recombinant vaccine and serological diagnostic method. the recombinant cap protein has the ability to self-assemble into virus-li ... | 2010 | 20646322 |
| estimated human health risks from exposure to recreational waters impacted by human and non-human sources of faecal contamination. | this work was conducted to determine whether estimated risks following exposure to recreational waters impacted by gull, chicken, pig, or cattle faecal contamination are substantially different than those associated with waters impacted by human sources such as treated wastewater. previously published quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) methods were employed and extended to meet these objectives. health outcomes used in the analyses were infection from reference waterborne pathogens vi ... | 2010 | 20656314 |
| broiler chickens, broiler chicken meat, pigs and pork as sources of expec related virulence genes and resistance in escherichia coli isolates from community-dwelling humans and uti patients. | urinary tract infection (uti) is one of the most common bacterial infections. uti is primarily caused by extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli (expec) from the patients' own fecal flora. the expec often belong to phylogroups b2 and d, the groups which include potent human expec isolates causing uti, bacteremia, and meningitis. the external sources of these expec in the human intestine are unknown. the food supply may transmit expec to humans. however, evidence of this hypothesis is limited ... | 2010 | 20656368 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profiles in multi-drug resistant enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from pigs with post-weaning diarrhoea. | this study aimed to characterize antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in multi-drug resistant enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) isolates (n=117) collected from porcine post-weaning diarrhoea cases in australia (1999-2005). isolates were serotyped, antibiogram-phenotyped for 12 antimicrobial agents and genotyped by pcr for 30 plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance genes (args), 22 intestinal and 38 extraintestinal e. coli virulence genes (vgs). nine serogroups were identified, th ... | 2010 | 20688440 |
| virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of hemolytic and nonhemolytic escherichia coli isolated from post-weaning piglets in central thailand. | the purpose of this study was to compare the existence of virulence genes in hemolytic escherichia coli (hec) and nonhemolytic e. coli (nhec) isolated from weaner pigs in thailand, and to determine their susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents. a total of 304 e. coli isolates were obtained from 90 piglets with diarrhea and 110 healthy piglets. of these, 74 hec isolates were obtained from 70 pigs with diarrhea, and 4 were obtained from 4 healthy pigs, while 190 and 40 nhec were recovered from 1 ... | 2010 | 20689225 |
| prevalence and dissemination of oqxab in escherichia coli isolates from animals, farmworkers, and the environment. | oqxab has recently been identified as one of the mechanisms of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (pmqr). compared to what is observed for other pmqr determinants, there is a paucity of data with regard to the prevalence and epidemiology of oqxab and its contribution to resistance to different antimicrobials. in this study, the prevalence and dissemination of oqxab and other pmqr genes in escherichia coli isolates from animals, farmworkers, and the environment in 2002 in china were investigat ... | 2010 | 20696876 |
| moonlighting glutamate formiminotransferases can functionally replace 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase. | 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-cho-thf) is formed by a side reaction of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. unlike other folates, it is not a one-carbon donor but a potent inhibitor of folate enzymes and must therefore be metabolized. only 5-cho-thf cycloligase (5-fcl) is generally considered to do this. however, comparative genomic analysis indicated (i) that certain prokaryotes lack 5-fcl, implying that they have an alternative 5-cho-thf-metabolizing enzyme, and (ii) that the histidine breakdown enz ... | 2010 | 20952389 |
| production of recombinant porcine interferon alpha using phb-intein-mediated protein purification strategy. | interferons (ifns) are involved in the pathogenesis and recovery of viral and other infectious diseases. recombinant ifns have been used as anti-infectious agents exhibiting a broad range of antiviral and immunomodulatory properties in both human and domestic animals. in this report, we describe a highly efficient and economical approach to purify porcine ifn alpha (poifnα) using polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) as the affinity carrier and intein for self-cleaving removal of the affinity tag. additiona ... | 2010 | 20957450 |
| an elisa based on a truncated soluble orf2 protein for the detection of pcv2 antibodies in domestic pigs. | postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) is an important swine disease that is closely associated with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2). the capsid protein (cap protein) is a major structural protein that has at least three immunoreactive regions, and it can be a suitable candidate antigen for detecting the specific antibodies of a pcv2 infection. in the present study, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (tcelisa) based on a truncated soluble cap protein produced in escherichi ... | 2010 | 20960293 |
| production of double repeated b subunit of shiga toxin 2e at high levels in transgenic lettuce plants as vaccine material for porcine edema disease. | pig edema disease is a bacterial disease caused by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. e. coli produces shiga toxin 2e (stx2e), which is composed of one a subunit (stx2ea) and five b subunits (stx2eb). we previously reported production of stx2eb in lettuce plants as a potential edible vaccine (matsui et al. in biosci biotechnol biochem 73:1628-1634, 2009). however, the accumulation level was very low, and it was necessary to improve expression of stx2eb for potential use of this plant-based vacc ... | 2010 | 20972886 |
| purification and characterization of the subtilisin-like protease of streptococcus suis that contributes to its virulence. | streptococcus suis is a major swine pathogen that is responsible for severe infections such as meningitis, endocarditis, and septicemia. s. suis is also recognized as a zoonotic agent and expresses several virulence factors. the recently identified subtilisin-like protease (sspa) of s. suis plays an important role in the pathogenicity of this bacterium in animal models. the objective of the present study was to clone, purify, and characterize the sspa of serotype 2 s. suis p1/7. the ssu0757 gene ... | 2010 | 21030165 |
| salmonella enterica and escherichia coli harboring blacmy in retail beef and pork products. | we estimated the proportion of retail beef and pork products containing bla(cmy)-mediated third-generation cephalosporin resistance in commensal escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. samples were obtained from 50 grocery stores located in two u.s. states. from each store, 20 fresh meat products were purchased, including 7 packages of ground beef, 3 packages of beef steak, 6 packages of pork chops, and 4 packages of pork ribs. the resulting 1000 packages of fresh meat product were individuall ... | 2010 | 21034230 |
| effects of rosiglitazone, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, on intestinal damage induced by escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in weaned pigs. | to determine whether rosiglitazone, an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (ppar) γ, could alleviate intestinal damage induced by escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) in weaned pigs. | 2010 | 21034324 |
| transglutaminase: new insights into gelatin nanoparticle cross-linking. | gelatin nanoparticles (gnps) have demonstrated to be beneficial as a biodegradable and biocompatible delivery system. so far, nanoparticles prepared by the two-step desolvation technique were subsequently cross-linked by glutaraldehyde to guarantee storage stability. although in vivo and in vitro toxicological studies have not revealed any glutaraldehyde related undesired effects, an alternative to chemical cross-linking could ease future clinical use in humans. therefore, the recombinant enzyme ... | 2010 | 21034367 |
| comparison of selected nutrients and bacteria from common contiguous soils inside and outside swine lagoon effluent spray fields after long-term use. | swine (sus scofa domestica) lagoon effluent is a valuable resource. in the u.s. mid-south it is applied from april to september to fertilize grass hay in spray-irrigated fields. lagoon levels of nutrients and bacteria, and soil levels of nutrients have been documented, but little was known of effluent bacterial levels in soil. the present study examined levels of selected effluent bacteria and nutrients in soils inside and outside spray fields after >15 yr of effluent irrigation. samples were co ... | 2010 | 21043289 |
| identification of a new antigen epitope in the nuclear localization signal region of porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic syndrome in pigs. the capsid (cap) protein encoded by orf2 is the main structural protein involved in the host immune protective response to pcv2. it is therefore important to map the antigenic epitopes of the pcv2 cap protein. | 2010 | 21051902 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from respiratory tract of pigs in poland between 2004 and 2008. | antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from nasal swabs and lungs of pigs, to 16 commonly used antibiotics, was determined by disc diffusion test. beta-lactams showed the best activity against streptococcus suis (s. suis) (> 99% of susceptible strains). the lowest sensitivity of s. suis was evidenced to: tylosin, tetracycline and neomycin (50%, 40% and 25%, respectively). isolates of escherichia coli (e. coli) demonstrated the highest susceptibility to cephalosporin (85% strains), gentam ... | 2010 | 21077428 |
| metallic copper corrosion rates, moisture content, and growth medium influence survival of copper ion-resistant bacteria. | the rapid killing of various bacteria in contact with metallic copper is thought to be influenced by the influx of copper ions into the cells, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. this study showed that the kinetics of contact killing of copper surfaces depended greatly on the amount of moisture present, copper content of alloys, type of medium used, and type of bacteria. we examined antibiotic- and copper ion-resistant strains of escherichia coli and enterococcus faecium isolated fr ... | 2010 | 21085951 |
| antibody against biologically active p40 subunit of porcine interleukin-12 expressed in escherichia coli. | a truncated p40 subunit of porcine interleukin-12 (pil-12) gene without the n-terminal signal peptide sequence was amplified by pcr and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pgex-6p-1. the resulting recombinant plasmid pgex-il12-40 was transformed into host cells bl21(de3)plyss, and the expression of the p40 subunit was induced using isopropyl β-d-thiogalactoside (iptg). an anti-p40 polyclonal antibody was generated by immunizing a rabbit with the purified protein. immunoreactivities of the ... | 2010 | 21087099 |
| antimicrobial resistance in generic escherichia coli isolates from wild small mammals living in swine farm, residential, landfill, and natural environments in southern ontario, canada. | to assess the impacts of different types of human activity on the development of resistant bacteria in the feces of wild small mammals, we compared the prevalences and patterns of antimicrobial resistance and resistance genes in generic escherichia coli and salmonella enterica isolates from fecal samples collected from wild small mammals living in four environments: swine farms, residential areas, landfills, and natural habitats. resistance to antimicrobials was observed in e. coli isolates from ... | 2010 | 21131524 |
| functional diversity of heat-labile toxins (lt) produced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli: differential enzymatic and immunological activities of lt1 (hlt) and lt4 (plt). | heat-labile toxins (lts) have adp-ribosylation activity and induce the secretory diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains in different mammalian hosts. lts also act as adjuvants following delivery via mucosal, parenteral, or transcutaneous routes. previously we have shown that lt produced by human-derived etec strains encompass a group of 16 polymorphic variants, including the reference toxin (lt1 or hlt) produced by the h10407 strain and one variant that is found mainl ... | 2010 | 21135101 |
| impact of urbanization and agriculture on the occurrence of bacterial pathogens and stx genes in coastal waterbodies of central california. | fecal pollution enters coastal waters through multiple routes, many of which originate from land-based activities. runoff from pervious and impervious land surfaces transports pollutants from land to sea and can cause impairment of coastal ocean waters. to understand how land use practices and water characteristics influence concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (fib) and pathogens in natural waters, fourteen coastal streams, rivers, and tidal lagoons, surrounded by variable land use and an ... | 2010 | 21168181 |
| antigenicity of partial fragments of recombinant pasteurella multocida toxin. | pasteurella multocida serogroup d strain, which produces p. multocida toxin (pmt), is a widespread and harmful pathogen of respiratory diseases such as pneumonia and progressive atrophic rhinitis (par) in swine. vaccination has been considered the most desirable and effective approach for controlling the diseases caused by toxigenic p. multocida. to investigate the antigenicity and immunogenicity of partial fragments of recombinant pmt, recombinant proteins of the n-terminal (pmt-a), middle (pmt ... | 2010 | 21193834 |
| effects of sodium lactate and acetic acid derivatives on the quality and sensory characteristics of hot-boned pork sausage patties. | sodium lactate and acetic acid derivatives were evaluated for their effects on color retention, microbial growth, and sensory attributes of hot-boned pork sausage patties. treatments included: (a) sodium lactate (l), (b) buffered vinegar (v), (c) sodium lactate and vinegar mixture (lv), (d) control with bha/bht (c), and (e) negative control (nc). treatments l and lv decreased tpc at day 14 and day 16 when compared to control samples and reduced bacterial numbers up to 18 days. in addition, use o ... | 2010 | 21195560 |
| pyelonephritis in slaughter pigs and sows: morphological characterization and aspects of pathogenesis and aetiology. | pyelonephritis is a serious disease in pig production that needs to be further studied. the purpose of this study was to describe the morphology, investigate the pathogenesis, and evaluate the aetiological role of escherichia coli in pyelonephritis in slaughtered pigs by concurrent bacteriological, gross and histopathological examinations. | 2010 | 20704704 |
| endothelin-mediated gut microcirculatory dysfunction during porcine endotoxaemia. | the potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the microcirculatory dysfunction seen in sepsis. the mixed endothelin receptor antagonist tezosentan and the selective endothelin a-receptor antagonist tbc3711 were used to investigate the importance of the different endothelin receptors in modulating splanchnic regional blood flow and microvascular blood flow in endotoxaemia. | 2010 | 20710019 |
| molecular identification of the gene encoding porcine tristetraprolin (ttp). | tristetraprolin (ttp) is a ccch tandem zinc finger protein that can bind to and destabilize certain mrnas containing au-rich element (are) binding sites. in this study, a novel porcine cdna has been isolated by expressed sequence tag assembly and subsequently confirmed by rt-pcr analysis, and designated porcine ttp (pottp). the open reading frame of the pottp cdna is 981 bp, encoding 326 amino acids. the pottp gene is approximately 2.5 kb in size and contains a single intron. southern blotting a ... | 2010 | 20721683 |
| effect of extracted housefly pupae peptide mixture on chilled pork preservation. | the peptide mixture from housefly pupae has broad spectrum antimicrobial activity but has not previously been reported as a food preservative. in this study, the preservation effects of a housefly pupae peptide mixture, nisin, and sodium dehydroacetate (dha-s) on the number of mesophilic aerobic bacteria (mab), total volatile basic nitrogen (tvb-n), and ph value of chilled pork were compared. all results showed that a good preservation effect was observed among 3 treatments with the peptide mixt ... | 2010 | 20722941 |
| high-resolution epitope mapping for monoclonal antibodies to the structural protein erns of classical swine fever virus using peptide array and random peptide phage display approaches. | the structural glycoprotein e(rns) (an envelope protein with rnase activity) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is not well characterized with respect to its antigenic structure and organization. here, we investigated the antigenic sites on e(rns) by raising mabs against the escherichia coli expressed e(rns) of csfv strain alfort/187 and defined the b-cell epitopes recognized by these antibodies. eighteen mabs to e(rns) were identified and they were classified as either immunoglobulin subclas ... | 2010 | 20810747 |
| application of high pressure processing to reduce verotoxigenic e. coli in two types of dry-fermented sausage. | the effect of high pressure processing (hpp) on the survival of verotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) in two types of norwegian type dry-fermented sausages was studied. two different types of recipes for each sausage type were produced. the sausage batter was inoculated with 6.8 log(10) cfu/g of vtec o103:h25. after fermentation, drying and maturation, slices of finished sausages were vacuum packed and subjected to two treatment regimes of hpp. one group was treated at 600 mpa for 10 min and ano ... | 2010 | 20832952 |
| [construction of an infectious clone of pseudorabies virus strain zj genome maintained as a bacterial artificial chromosome]. | pha2 plasmid sequence,with bacterial artificial chromosome(bac) vector and the gfp expression cassette, was introduced into the ul23(tk) gene of pseudorabies virus(prv)strain zj by homologous recombination,and the recombinant prv (rprv-ha2) was confirmed and isolated by plaque purification. the circular genome of rprv-ha2 was electroporated into escherichia coli strain dh10b and then the prv bac (pprv) was recovered. the transfection of pprv into veroe6 cells resulted in productive infection. th ... | 2010 | 20836388 |
| use of barcoded pyrosequencing and shared otus to determine sources of fecal bacteria in watersheds. | while many current microbial source tracking (mst) methods rely on the use of specific molecular marker genes to identify sources of fecal contamination, these methods often fail to determine all point and nonpoint contributors of fecal inputs into waterways. in this study, we developed a new library-dependent mst method that uses pyrosequencing-derived shared operational taxonomy units (otus) to define sources of fecal contamination in waterways. a total 56,841 pyrosequencing reads of 16s rdna ... | 2010 | 20853824 |
| efficacy of a novel virulence gene-deleted salmonella typhimurium vaccine for protection against salmonella infections in growing piglets. | we have previously developed a novel attenuated salmonella typhimurium (s. typhimurium) δcpxr δlon vaccine. this study was carried out to examine whether this vaccine could effectively protect growing piglets against salmonella infection. attenuated s. typhimurium secreting the b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin was also used as a mucosal adjuvant. pregnant sows in groups a and b were primed and boosted with the vaccine and mucosal adjuvant, whereas sows in groups c, d and e r ... | 2010 | 20869776 |
| the porcine muc20 gene: molecular characterization and its association with susceptibility to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli f4ab/ac. | enterotoxigenic eschoerchia coli (etec) f4 is a major cause of diarrhea in neonatal and young pigs. the locus encoding intestinal receptor for etec f4ab/ac has been mapped to pig chromosome (ssc) 13q41. we previously assigned mucin 20 (muc20) to ssc13q41 and considered it a candidate for the etec f4ab/ac receptor. in this study, the full-length mrna sequence of the porcine muc20 gene was determined, revealing two muc20 alternative transcripts differing in an 18-bp deletion in the open reading fr ... | 2010 | 20890662 |
| investigation of the mechanisms by which listeria monocytogenes grows in porcine gallbladder bile. | the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes is known to colonize the lumen of the gallbladder in infected mice and to grow rapidly in this environment (j. hardy et al., science 303:851-853, 2004). however, relatively little is known about the mechanisms utilized by the pathogen to survive and grow in this location. we utilized gallbladder bile (gb bile) isolated directly from porcine gallbladders as an ex vivo model of gallbladder growth. we demonstrate that gb bile is generally nontoxic for ... | 2010 | 20937762 |
| takeda-143242 increased survival via reduced cytokines in porcine peritonitis. | takeda-143242 (tak-242) is a small molecule shown to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced intracellular signaling and inflammation. in vitro studies demonstrated that tak-242 can prevent release of tnf-α, il-1β, and il-6 from activated macrophages of several species, including pigs. this study tested the hypothesis that tak-242 would protect pigs from lethal gram-negative peritonitis via an anti-cytokine mechanism. a validated model of porcine gram-negative peritonitis, which employs chronically i ... | 2010 | 21236445 |
| cd14 inhibition efficiently attenuates early inflammatory and hemostatic responses in escherichia coli sepsis in pigs. | sepsis is a severe infection-induced systemic inflammatory syndrome. inhibition of downstream inflammatory mediators of sepsis, e.g., tnf-alpha, has failed in clinical trials. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inhibiting cd14, a key upstream innate immunity molecule, on the early inflammatory and hemostatic responses in a pig model of gram-negative sepsis. the study comprised two arms, whole live escherichia coli bacteria and e. coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) (n=25 and n=9 a ... | 2010 | 19841036 |
| antimicrobial-resistant faecal escherichia coli in wild mammals in central europe: multiresistant escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in wild boars. | to determine the presence of antibiotic-resistant faecal escherichia coli in populations of wild mammals in the czech republic and slovakia. | 2010 | 19849769 |
| in vitro inhibition of the replication of classical swine fever virus by capsid-targeted virus inactivation. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (csf), a highly contagious fatal disease of swine. few effective antiviral drugs are currently available against csfv infections. to explore the feasibility of using capsid-targeted viral inactivation (ctvi) as an antiviral strategy against csfv infections, we expressed the csfv capsid protein (cap) fused with the nuclease of staphylococcus aureus (sn) in escherichia coli and investigated its effects on the replic ... | 2010 | 19857524 |
| determination of a dosage regimen of colistin by pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modeling for treatment of g.i.t. disease in pigs. | colistin is an antimicrobial drug of the polymyxin group and colivet solution is an aqueous solution containing colistin sulphate (2 x 10(6) iu/ml), formulated for oral administration. the target species is the pig, particularly the suckling and post weaning animal. this investigation was undertaken to provide pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data on which to base the selection of dosage rate and interval of the solution for the treatment of porcine colibacillosis. colistin absorption from th ... | 2010 | 19945722 |
| fates of acid-resistant and non-acid-resistant shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains in ruminant digestive contents in the absence and presence of probiotics. | healthy ruminants are the main reservoir of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec). during their transit through the ruminant gastrointestinal tract, stec encounters a number of acidic environments. as all stec strains are not equally resistant to acidic conditions, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether acid resistance confers an ecological advantage to stec strains in ruminant digestive contents and whether acid resistance mechanisms are induced in the rumen compartment. w ... | 2010 | 19948865 |
| levosimendan increases portal blood flow and attenuates intestinal intramucosal acidosis in experimental septic shock. | it has been proposed that vasodilatory therapy may increase microcirculatory blood flow and improve tissue oxygenation in septic shock. the authors aimed to evaluate the effects of levosimendan in systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics in a porcine model of septic shock in a randomized animal controlled study. this study was performed in an animal research facility in a university hospital. anesthetized pigs were monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter and an ultrasonic blood flow probe in the ... | 2010 | 19997054 |
| detection and characterisation of o157:h7 and non-o157 shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in wild boars. | the aim of this work was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of escherichia coli o157:h7 and non-o157 shiga toxin-producing e. coli (stec) in free-ranging wild boars killed during the hunting season in southwest spain. faecal samples from 212 wild boars (sus scrofa) were collected and examined for stec. characterisation of isolates was performed by pcr, serotyping, phage typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). e. coli o157:h7 and non-o157 stec were isolated from 7 (3.3%) ... | 2010 | 20005055 |
| targeting of escherichia coli f4 fimbriae to fcgamma receptors enhances the maturation of porcine dendritic cells. | f4(+) enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) infections are an important cause of postweaning diarrhoea in piglets and an oral immunization of piglets with purified f4 fimbriae protects them from a subsequent f4(+) etec infection. however, oral immunization of suckling piglets is hampered due to the immature status of their immune system. targeting of antigens to fcgamma receptors (fcgammar) on human and murine dendritic cells (dc) has been shown to enhance dc maturation and both humoral and ce ... | 2010 | 20022123 |
| production of pig liver esterase in batch fermentation of e. coli origami. | the establishment of a fermentation process for the production of pig liver esterase (ple) in high yields is necessary for industrial applications. in our previous studies, we reported the recombinant expression of ple in escherichia coli origami (de3) in shake flask. only a coexpression with chaperones groel/es allowed the production of soluble and active enzyme. the optimization of the cultivation conditions, such as temperature, inducer concentrations, or media compositions to increase enzyme ... | 2010 | 20024542 |
| escherichia coli isolates from broiler chicken meat, broiler chickens, pork, and pigs share phylogroups and antimicrobial resistance with community-dwelling humans and patients with urinary tract infection. | escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infection (uti). phylogroup b2 and d isolates are associated with uti. it has been proposed that e. coli causing uti could have an animal origin. the objective of this study was to investigate the phylogroups and antimicrobial resistance, and their possible associations in e. coli isolates from patients with uti, community-dwelling humans, broiler chicken meat, broiler chickens, pork, and pigs in denmark. a total of 964 geographically an ... | 2010 | 20039794 |
| phenotypic and genotypic bacterial antimicrobial resistance in liquid pig manure is variously associated with contents of tetracyclines and sulfonamides. | antibiotic residues as well as antibiotic-resistant bacteria in environmental samples might pose a risk to human health. this study aimed to investigate the association between antibiotic residues and bacterial antimicrobial resistance in liquid pig manure used as fertilizer. | 2010 | 19895649 |
| wild boars as an important reservoir for foodborne pathogens. | one hundred fifty-three wild boars shot in the canton of geneva, switzerland, were studied for the occurrence of foodborne pathogens. tonsils and fecal samples of the animals were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay, and cultural methods. the detection rate of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, stx-positive escherichia coli, and listeria monocytogenes was 12%, 35%, 20%, 9%, and 17%, respectively, when tonsi ... | 2010 | 19899962 |
| ribosome-binding site interference caused by shine-dalgarno-like nucleotide sequences in escherichia coli cells. | two-cistronic expression plasmids are useful for high-level expression of heterologous genes in escherichia coli cells by preventing the inhibition of translational initiation. in the process of constructing a two-cistronic expression plasmid pcbstcr-4 containing the fragments of the porcine cytochrome b(5) (psb5) and nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase (pscpr) genes as the first and second cistrons, respectively, the presence of a specific region in the first cistron that lowered the accumulation l ... | 2010 | 19910312 |
| prevalence and genetic relatedness of antimicrobial-resistant escherichia coli isolated from animals, foods and humans in iceland. | the prevalence of resistant bacteria in food products in iceland is unknown, and little is known of the prevalence in production animals. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and genetic relatedness of antimicrobial-resistant escherichia coli from healthy pigs and broiler chicken, pork, broiler meat, slaughterhouse personnel and outpatients in iceland. a total of 419 e. coli isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using a microbroth dilution method (vetmic), and ... | 2010 | 19912612 |
| distant effects of nitric oxide inhalation in endotoxemic pigs. | inhalation of nitric oxide (ino) has distant effects. by a blood- borne factor, ino down-regulates endogenous nitric oxide production in healthy pig lungs, resulting in vasoconstriction in lung regions not directly reached by ino. the aim of this study was to investigate whether ino has distant effects in endotoxemic pig lungs. the hypothesis was that ino down-regulates endogenous no production in lung regions not reached by ino. | 2010 | 19730256 |
| characterization of antimicrobial resistance and integrons among escherichia coli isolated from animal farms in eastern china. | a total of 182 escherichia coli isolates from animals, environment and workers of dairy cattle, swine and chicken farms in shandong which locates in eastern china, were investigated for antimicrobial resistance as well as prevalence and the transfer mechanisms of integrons. the results revealed isolates from swine and chicken farm exhibited high levels of resistance to antimicrobial agents. the positive rate of gene cassette of class 1 integron in dairy cattle, swine and chicken farms was 5%, 20 ... | 2010 | 19744463 |
| transcriptomics of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli infection. individual variation in intestinal gene expression correlates with intestinal function. | acute secretory diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young animals and humans. deaths result from excessive fluid and electrolyte losses. the disease is caused by non-invasive bacteria such as vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli which produce enterotoxins, however, much less is known about the role of individual host responses. here we report the response of intact porcine small intestinal mucosa to infection with enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec). jejunal segments in four pigle ... | 2010 | 19716242 |
| anti-inflammatory effects of c1-inhibitor in porcine and human whole blood are independent of its protease inhibition activity. | c1-inhibitor (c1-inh) is an important biological inhibitor, regulating several protein cascade systems. recent research has shown that the molecule exhibits properties not dependent on its protease inhibition activity. serum and whole blood from pigs and humans were pre-incubated with c1-inh, ic1-inh or the complement inhibitors spice or compstatin. whole, live escherichia coli were then added for further incubation. complement activation, a range of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, as ... | 2010 | 19710096 |
| resistance mechanisms and farm-level distribution of fecal escherichia coli isolates resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in pigs in spain. | fecal escherichia coli isolates showing a phenotype of reduced susceptibility or resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins are common among pigs in spain. the aim of this study was to describe the main beta-lactam resistance mechanisms carried by these strains and their distribution at farm-level. | 2010 | 19577265 |
| effects of adding liquid dl-methionine hydroxy analogue-free acid to drinking water on growth performance and small intestinal morphology of nursery pigs. | this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding liquid dl-methionine hydroxy analogue free acid (lma) to drinking water on growth performance, small intestinal morphology and volatile fatty acids in the caecum of nursery pigs. twenty-four crossbred pigs (large white x landrace, bw approximately 18 kg) were divided into three groups with four replications of two piglets each. the piglets received drinking water without (control), with 0.05 or 0.10% lma. the results indicated that adding ... | 2010 | 19663980 |
| high prevalence and widespread distribution of multi-resistant escherichia coli isolates in pigs and poultry in china. | escherichia coli play an important ecological role within resistant bacteria populations, and can be used as a bio-indicator of antimicrobial resistance. the aim of the present study was to use this feature of e. coli to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the degree of cross-species transmission of bacteria in pigs and poultry in china. a total of 592 e. coli strains, isolated from pigs and poultry (healthy and diseased animals), were tested for resistance to 22 antimicro ... | 2011 | 19926317 |
| antimicrobial resistances of extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli isolates from swine in china. | antibiograms and relevant genotypes of porcine extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli (expec) isolates (n = 315) recovered between 2004 and 2007 in china were assessed. among the 14 antimicrobials tested, the most prevalent resistance was to ampicillin, trimethoprim, sulfadimidine, tetracycline, neomycin, streptomycin, kanamycin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin (ranging from 81.9 to 100%). forty-six multiresistant patterns were found. for each antimicrobial agent, ampicillin resistance was prim ... | 2011 | 21237262 |
| differentiation of fecal escherichia coli from human, livestock, and poultry sources by rep-pcr dna fingerprinting on the shellfish culture area of east china sea. | the rep-pcr dna fingerprinting performed with rep, box a1r, and (gtg)(5) primers was investigated as a way to differentiate between human, livestock, and poultry sources of fecal pollution on the area of xiangshan bay, east china sea. of the three methods, the box-pcr dna fingerprints analyzed by jack-knife algorithm were revealed high rate of correct classification (rcc) with 91.30, 80.39, 89.39, 86.14, 93.24, 87.72, and 89.28% of human, cattle, swine, chicken, duck, sheep, and goose e. coli is ... | 2011 | 21279641 |
| molecular cloning, characterization, and immunolocalization of two lactate dehydrogenase homologous genes from taenia solium. | two novel genes encoding lactate dehydrogenase a (ldha) and b (ldhb) homologues, respectively, were identified from the cdna libraries of adult taenia solium (t. solium). the two deduced amino acid sequences both show more than 50% identity to the homologues for danio rerio, xenopus laevis, schistosoma japonicum, sus scrofa, homo sapiens, et al. the identity of the amino acid sequence between tsldha and tsldhb is 57.4%, and that of the nucleotide sequence is 61.5%. recombinant tsldha homologue ( ... | 2011 | 21331787 |
| bacteriocinogeny in experimental pigs treated with indomethacin and escherichia coli nissle. | to evaluate bacteriocinogeny in short-term high-dose indomethacin administration with or without probiotic escherichia coli nissle 1917 (ecn) in experimental pigs. | 2011 | 21350709 |
| characteristics of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli from meat and milk products of different origins and association with food producing animals as main contamination sources. | shiga toxin-producing strains of escherichia coli (stec) cause diarrhoea and haemorrhagic colitis in humans. most human infections are attributed to consumption of stec contaminated foodstuff. food producing animals constitute important reservoirs of stec and serve as source of food contamination. in this study, we have analyzed 593 foodborne stec strains for their serotypes and for nine virulence genes (stx1, stx1c, stx1d, stx2, stx2b, stx2e, stx2g, e-hly and eae). the 593 stec strains grouped ... | 2011 | 21371769 |