Publications

[Tumor necrosis factor-a promote permeability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via activating RhoA-ERK1/2 pathway].	Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) is known to induce changes in endothelial cell morphology and permeability. The aim of this study is to determine the underlying signaling mechanisms involved in these responses.	2011	21924080
increased transvascular transport of wga-peroxidase after chronic perinatal stress in the hippocampal microvasculature of the rat.	brain endothelial ultrastructural properties contribute to maintain proper blood-brain barrier (bbb) function. several physiological and pathological conditions have been shown to alter bbb permeability to blood-borne molecules, acute and chronic stress among them. in the rat, early life stress increased transvascular transport of evans blue, however, the route of tracer extravasation is not fully known; therefore the aim of the present experiment was to describe the ultrastructural changes in e ...	2011	21864670
a microsystem for extraction, capture and detection of e-coli o157:h7.	this paper presents use of a microsystem for extraction, capture and detection of pathogenic bacteria such as e-coli o157:h7 in soil sample. the assay protocol considers enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), with each bacterium sandwiched between a magnetic bead and a horseradish peroxidase (hrp) enzyme. the system employs three different chips, the soil extraction and mixing chip, retention and reaction chip, and the detection chip. the extractor chip extracts bacterial solution directly f ...	2011	21479537
gene therapy with tumor-specific promoter mediated suicide gene plus il-12 gene enhanced tumor inhibition and prolonged host survival in a murine model of lewis lung carcinoma.	abstract:	2011	21481255
fe2o3@au core/shell nanoparticle-based electrochemical dna biosensor for escherichia coli detection.	a fe(2)o(3)@au core/shell nanoparticle-based electrochemical dna biosensor was developed for the amperometric detection of escherichia coli (e. coli). magnetic fe(2)o(3)@au nanoparticles were prepared by reducing haucl(4) on the surfaces of fe(2)o(3) nanoparticles. this dna biosensor is based on a sandwich detection strategy, which involves capture probe immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles (mnps), target and reporter probe labeled with horseradish peroxidase (hrp). once magnetic field was adde ...	2011	21482257
partial uncompetitive inhibition of horseradish peroxidase by a water-miscible ionic liquid [bmim][meso(4)].	the ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate ([bmim][meso(4)]), was used to investigate the catalytic mechanism of horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the ionic liquid decreased both k(m) and k(cat) values for the hrp-catalyzed oxidation of guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) by h(2)o(2). these studies imply that [bmim][meso(4)] inhibits the enzyme in an uncompetitive manner. the incorporation of substrate stabilization effects measured by a thermodynamic method into the partial uncompetitive in ...	2011	21487782
portable device based on chemiluminescence lensless imaging for personalized diagnostics through multiplex bioanalysis.	a simple and versatile analytical device designed to perform, even simultaneously, different types of bioassays has been developed and optimized. a transparent microfluidics-based reaction chip, where analytes were quantitatively detected by means of biospecific reactions and chemiluminescence detection, was placed in contact with a thermoelectrically cooled ccd sensor through a fiber optic taper. such a lensless contact imaging configuration combined adequate spatial resolution and high light c ...	2011	21434620
poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) for enzyme immobilization: impact on activity and stability of horseradish peroxidase.	on the basis of their versatile structure and chemistry as well as tunable mechanical properties, polymer brushes are well-suited as supports for enzyme immobilization. however, a robust surface design is hindered by an inadequate understanding of the impact on activity from the coupling motif and enzyme distribution within the brush. herein, horseradish peroxidase c (hrp c, 44 kda), chosen as a model enzyme, was immobilized covalently through its lysine residues on a n-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbo ...	2011	21438540
duodenal helminth infection alters barrier function of the colonic epithelium via adaptive immune activation.	chronic infection with intestinal helminth parasites is a major public health problem, particularly in the developing world, and can have significant effects on host physiology and the immune response to other enteric infections and antigens. the mechanisms underlying these effects are not well understood. in the current study, we investigated the impact of infection with the murine nematode parasite heligmosomoides polygyrus, which resides in the duodenum, on epithelial barrier function in the ...	2011	21444669
exponential amplification for chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer detection of microrna in real samples based on a cross-catalyst strand-displacement network.	an exponential amplification strategy for ultrasensitive detection of microrna (mirna) in biological extracts is developed based on a cross-catalyst strand-displacement reaction (cc-sdr). functionally, the system consists of one upstream circuit and two downstream circuits, each of which comprises a three-stranded substrate complex and a single-stranded fuel. importantly, the exponential amplification process does not require a polymerase or a nicking endonuclease. the whole network is activated ...	2011	21446757
functional networks of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in cat auditory cortex.	inhibitory interneurons constitute ∼20% of auditory cortical cells and are essential for shaping sensory processing. connectivity patterns of interneurons in relation to functional organization principles are not well understood. we contrasted the connection patterns of parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells in two functionally distinct cortical regions: the tonotopic, narrowly frequency-tuned module [central narrow band (cnb)] of cat central primary auditory cortex (ai) and the nontonotopic, broadly ...	2011	21917816
urothelial plaque formation in post-golgi compartments.	urothelial plaques are specialized membrane domains in urothelial superficial (umbrella) cells, composed of highly ordered uroplakin particles. we investigated membrane compartments involved in the formation of urothelial plaques in mouse umbrella cells. the golgi apparatus did not contain uroplakins organized into plaques. in the post-golgi region, three distinct membrane compartments containing uroplakins were characterized: i) small rounded vesicles, located close to the golgi apparatus, were ...	2011	21887288
validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of rosuvastatin in plasma at picogram level.	in this study, a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed and validated for the determination of rosuvastatin (ros) in plasma samples at picogram level. the assay employed a polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes ros with high affinity, and ros conjugate of bovine serum albumin (ros-bsa) immobilized onto microplate wells as a solid phase. the assay involved a competitive binding reaction between ros, in plasma sample, and the immobilized ros-bsa for ...	2011	21998019
ra-gef-1 (rapgef2) is essential for proper development of the midline commissures.	the cerebral hemispheres are directly connected by three major interhemispheric fibers: the corpus callosum, the anterior commissure, and the hippocampal commissure. ra-gef-1 (also termed rapgef2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor responsible for sustained activation of rap1. we previously reported anatomical defects of the major forebrain commissures in the adult dorsal telencephalon-specific ra-gef-1 conditional knockout (cko) mice. in this study, we use neuroanatomical tracing and immun ...	2011	21864586
A microfluidic device based on a screen-printed carbon electrode with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles for the detection of IgG anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies.	In this article we report the development of an integrated microfluidic system coupled to a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) applied to the quantitative determination of IgG specific antibodies present in serum samples of patients that suffer from Chagas disease. This relevant parasitic infection caused by the hemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi represents a major public health concern in Latin America. In order to perform the detection of mentioned antibodies, SPCE coupled to a mic ...	2011	21984978
A heme peroxidase with a functional role as an L-tyrosine hydroxylase in the biosynthesis of anthramycin.	We report the first characterization and classification of Orf13 (S. refuineus) as a heme-dependent peroxidase catalyzing the ortho-hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA. The putative tyrosine hydroxylase coded by orf13 of the anthramycin biosynthesis gene cluster has been expressed and purified. Heme b has been identified as the required cofactor for catalysis, and maximal L-tyrosine conversion to L-DOPA is observed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Preincubation of L-tyrosine with Orf13 pr ...	2011	21919439
Multiarmed star-like platinum nanowires with multienzyme assembly for direct electronic determination of carcinoembryoninc antigen in serum.	A new electrochemical immunoassay strategy for direct detection of carcinoembryoninc antigen (CEA) in serum was developed by using multiarmed star-like platinum nanowires (PtNWs) with biomolecular assembly as signal tags on an anti-CEA-functionalized graphene sensing platform. Initially, the PtNWs were synthesized via a wet chemical method, and then the synthesized PtNWs were used for the co-immobilization of CEA and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Compared with platinum nanoparticles, the prepare ...	2011	21982336
deletion of aquaporin-4 changes the perivascular glial protein scaffold without disrupting the brain endothelial barrier.	expression of the water channel aquaporin-4 (aqp4) at the blood-brain interface is dependent upon the dystrophin associated protein complex. here we investigated whether deletion of the aqp4 gene affects the molecular composition of this protein scaffold and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. high-resolution immunogold cytochemistry revealed that perivascular expression of α-syntrophin was reduced by 60% in aqp4(-/-) mice. additionally, perivascular aqp4 expression was reduced by 88% in ...	2011	22131281
development of an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies for detecting h6 avian influenza viruses.	the h6 subtype of avian influenza virus (aiv) infection occurs frequently in wild and domestic birds. aiv antigen detection is preferred for controlling aiv as birds are infected before they produce antibodies. the purpose of this study was to develop an early diagnostic method for aiv detection. six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) developed from a field h6n1 aiv strain were tested for their ability to bind to viruses. the two that showed the greatest binding ability to aivs were used for antigen d ...	2011	22206824
cytotoxicity and glycan-binding profile of a d-galactose-binding lectin from the eggs of a japanese sea hare (aplysia kurodai).	a divalent cation-independent 16 kda d-galactose binding lectin (akl-2) was isolated from eggs of sea hare, aplysia kurodai. the lectin recognized d-galactose and d-galacturonic acid and had a 32 kda dimer consisting of two disulfide-bonded 16 kda subunits. eighteen n-terminus amino acids were identified by edman degradation, having unique primary structure. lectin blotting analysis with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated lectins has shown that akl-2 was a glycoprotein with complex type oligosacc ...	2011	21953532
[preparation of monoclonal antibody against pfs25 protein and establishment of double antibody sandwich elisa method].	to prepare the monoclonal antibody (mab)against pfs25 protein of plasmodium falciparum, and establish the method of sandwich elisa for detecting the pfs25 protein.	2011	22152818
assessment of permeability in barrier type of endothelium in brain using tracers: evans blue, sodium fluorescein, and horseradish peroxidase.	blood-brain barrier (bbb) constituted primarily by the capillary endothelial cells functions to maintain a constant environment for the brain, by preventing or slowing down the passage of a variety of blood-borne substances, such as serum proteins, chemical compounds, ions, and hormones from the circulation into the brain parenchyma. various diseases such as brain tumors, epilepsy, and sepsis disturb the bbb integrity leading to enhanced permeability of brain microvessels. in animal models, a va ...	2011	21874465
Controlling Fibroblast Proliferation with Dimensionality-Specific Response by Stiffness of Injectable Gelatin Hydrogels.	We report an injectable hydrogel system with tunable stiffness for controlling the proliferation rate of human fibroblasts (HFF-1) in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture environments for potential use as a wound dressing material. The hydrogel composed of gelatin-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (Gtn-HPA) conjugate was formed by the oxidative coupling of HPA moieties catalyzed by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The stiffness of the hydrogels was ...	2011	21943785
contact and fumigant toxicity of armoracia rusticana essential oil, allyl isothiocyanate and related compounds to dermatophagoides farinae.	background: the toxicity to adult dermatophagoides farinae of allyl isothiocyanate identified in horseradish, armoracia rusticana, oil and another 27 organic isothiocyanates was evaluated using contact + fumigant and vapour-phase mortality bioassays. results were compared with those of two conventional acaricides, benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate. results: horseradish oil (24 h lc(50) , 1.54 µg cm(-2) ) and allyl isothiocyanate (2.52 µg cm(-2) ) were highly toxic. benzyl isothiocyanate (lc( ...	2011	22102526
[The influence of oxygen on the inhibition between Streptococcus oligofermentans and Streptococcus mutans].	To investigate the effect of environmental oxygen on the inhibition between Streptococcus oligofermentans (So) and Streptococcus mutans (Sm) and the producibilities of hydrogen peroxide by So.	2011	21914377
optimization of expression conditions for production of anti-colorectal cancer monoclonal antibody co17-1a in baculovirus-insect cell system.	the baculovirus-insect cell system is considered a feasible expression system for recombinant glycoprotein production due to its several advantages, including high capacity, flexibility, and glycosylation capability. however, accurate titering of the recombinant baculovirus is required to ensure high expression in insect cells using a commercial and expensive immunoassay titer kit in which the envelope glycoprotein of the autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv)-type baculov ...	2011	22008068
A sensitive and rapid immunoassay for quantification of testosterone by microchip electrophoresis with enhanced chemiluminescence detection.	A sensitive and rapid approach to perform testosterone (T) competitive immunoassay by microchip electrophoresis (MCE) with chemiluminescence (CL) detection was developed. The assay is based on the competitive immunoreactions between T and N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol-labeled T (ABEI-T) with a limited amount of antibody (Ab), and the rapid electrophoretic separation of an equilibrated mixture of ABEI-T-Ab complex and free ABEI-T, followed by CL detection using horseradish peroxidase-catalyz ...	2011	22025074
Click maltose as an alternative to reverse phase material for desalting glycopeptides.	Desalting peptides before mass spectrometry analysis is important because salts lead to adduct formation, increased chemical noise and ion suppression effect. A high concentration of salt can clog nanoelectrospray ionization (ESI) emitters. The reverse phase C18 material is commonly used to desalt peptides because of its high binding capacity. However, peptides with high hydrophilicity, such as glycopeptides, are not retained well on this material, resulting in the loss of peptide information. T ...	2011	21858273
One step immobilization of peptides and proteins by using modified parylene with formyl groups.	One-step immobilization method for peptides and proteins is developed by using modified parylene film with formyl groups which is suitable for microplate-based immunoassay and SPR biosensor application. The immobilization of peptides and proteins is achieved through the covalent bonding of the formyl group with the primary amine groups of peptides and proteins, which no additional activation step is required. In this work, the immobilization efficiency of parylene-H is estimated in comparison wi ...	2011	21945140
A theory for water and macromolecular transport in the pulmo-nary artery with a detailed compariuson to the aorta.	The pulmonary artery (PA) wall, which has much higher hydraulic conductivity and albumin void space and ~1/6 the normal transmural pressure of systemic arteries (e.g, aorta, ca¬rotid arteries), is rarely atherosclerotic, except under pulmonary hypertension. This paper constructs a detailed, two-dimensional, wall-structure-based filtration and macromolecular transport model for the PA in order to investigate differences in prelesion transport processes between the disease-susceptible aorta and th ...	2011	22198178
p53-regulated increase in oxidative-stress--induced apoptosis in fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: a native tissue model.	this study compared susceptibility of fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (fecd) and normal corneal endothelial cells (cecs) to oxidative stress, and studied the mechanism of oxidative-stress-induced apoptosis in fecd-affected endothelium.	2011	22064994
development of gaba-, glycine-, and glutamate-immunopositive boutons onto rat jaw-opening motoneurons.	inhibitory and excitatory synaptic inputs onto trigeminal motoneurons play an important role in coordinating jaw movements. previously, we reported that the phenotype of the inhibitory boutons apposing the somata of jaw-closing (jc) motoneurons changes from gaba-positive (gaba(+) ) to predominantly glycine-positive (gly(+) ) during development. in the present study, we investigated the development of inhibitory and excitatory boutons apposing antagonistic jaw-opening (jo) motoneurons (anterior d ...	2011	21935946
Co-expression of interleukin 12 enhances antitumor effects of a novel chimeric promoter-mediated suicide gene therapy in an immunocompetent mouse model.	The human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter has been widely used in target gene therapy of cancer. However, low transcriptional activity limited its clinical application. Here, we designed a novel dual radiation-inducible and tumor-specific promoter system consisting of CArG elements and the hTERT promoter, resulting in increased expression of reporter genes after gamma-irradiation. Therapeutic and side effects of adenovirus-mediated horseradish peroxidase (HRP)/indole-3-acetic ( ...	2011	21875574
Neisseria meningitidis induces platelet inhibition and increases vascular endothelial permeability via nitric oxide regulated pathways.	Despite antibiotic therapy, infections with Neisseria meningitidis still demonstrate a high rate of morbidity and mortality even in developed countries. The fulminant septicaemic course, named Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, with massive haemorrhage into the adrenal glands and widespread petechial bleeding suggest pathophysiological inhibition of platelet function. Our data show that N. meningitidis produces the important physiological platelet inhibitor and cardiovascular signalling molec ...	2011	22072136
a protocol for in situ enzyme assays to assess the differentiation of human intestinal caco-2 cells.	the caco-2 cell line spontaneously differentiates into polarised enterocytes expressing high levels of brush border enzymes typical of small intestinal epithelial cells (peptidases, alkaline phosphatase, disaccharidases). the activities of these enzymes gradually increase after cell confluence reaching a plateau after 2-3weeks of culture and can be used as reliable markers to evaluate differentiation of caco-2 cells. we have developed a rapid in situ method on live cells to measure activities of ...	2011	22123491
toxic effects of a horseradish extract and allyl isothiocyanate in the urinary bladder after 13-week administration in drinking water to f344 rats.	subchronic toxicity of a horseradish extract (hre), consisting mainly of a mixture of allyl isothiocyanate (aitc) and other isothiocyanates, was investigated with administration at concentrations of 0, 0.0125, 0.025 and 0.05% of hre in drinking water for 13 weeks to male and female f344 rats. for comparison, treatment with 0.0425% of aitc was similarly performed. body weight gain was reduced in the 0.05% hre and aitc males as compared to the 0% controls, and the cause was considered at least par ...	2011	22129740
enzyme immunoassay for tenuazonic acid in apple and tomato products.	the alternaria mycotoxin tenuazonic acid was derivatized with succinic anhydride and conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh) and to horseradish peroxidase (hrp), respectively. the klh conjugate was used to produce polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. a competitive direct enzyme immunoassay (eia) for tenuazonic acid was established, which was moderately sensitive for tenuazonic acid [50% inhibition concentration (ic(50)): 320 ± 130 ng/ml] but strongly reacted with tenuazonic acid acetate (ic(5 ...	2011	22054343
intravenous immunoglobulins prevent the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in experimentally induced sepsis.	interventions:: the effects of immunoglobulin g and immunoglobulins enriched with immunoglobulin a and immunoglobulin m on blood-brain barrier integrity and survival rates in septic rats were comparatively investigated. measurements:: sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and perforation in sprague-dawley rats. the animals were divided into the following groups: sham, cecal ligation and perforation, cecal ligation and perforation plus immunoglobulin g (250 mg/kg, intravenous), and cecal ligation ...	2011	22202704
highly sensitive photoelectronchemical immunoassay with enhanced amplification using horseradish peroxidase induced biocatalytic precipitation on a cds quantum dots multilayer electrode.	herein we demonstrate the protocol of biocatalytic precipitation (bcp)-based sandwich photoelectrochemical (pec) horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-linked immunoassay on the basis of their synergy effect for the ultrasensitive detection of mouse igg (antigen, ag) as a model protein. the hybrid film consisting of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and cds quantum dots (qds) is developed by the classic layer by layer (lbl) method and then employed as the photoactive antibody (ab) immobilization matrix ...	2011	22148581
development of phosphonate modified fe 1-x mnxfe2o4 mixed ferrite nanoparticles: novel peroxidase mimetics in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.	a highly facile and feasible strategy on the fabrication of advanced intrinsic peroxidase mimetics based on mn(2+) doped mixed ferrite (mn(ii)(x)fe(ii)(1-x)fe(iii)(2)o(4)) nanoparticles was demonstrated for the quantitative and sensitive detection of mouse igg (as a model analyte). mn(2+) doped fe(1-x)mn(x)fe(2)o(4) nanoparticles were synthesized using varying ratios of mn(2+):fe(2+) ions and characterized by the well known complementary techniques. the increase of mn(2+) proportion had remarkab ...	2011	22063549
multienzyme-nanoparticles amplification for sensitive virus genotyping in microfluidic microbeads array using au nanoparticle probes and quantum dots as labels.	a novel microfluidic device with microbeads array was developed and sensitive genotyping of human papillomavirus was demonstrated using a multiple-enzyme labeled oligonucleotide-au nanoparticle bioconjugate as the detection tool. this method utilizes microbeads as sensing platform that was functionalized with the capture probes and modified electron rich proteins, and uses the horseradish peroxidase (hrp)-functionalized gold nanoparticles as label with a secondary dna probe. the functionalized m ...	2011	21872460
transfection of mouse retinal ganglion cells by <em>in vivo</em> electroporation.	the targeting and refinement of rgc projections to the midbrain is a popular and powerful model system for studying how precise patterns of neural connectivity form during development. in mice, retinofugal projections are arranged in a topographic manner and form eye-specific layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus (dlgn) of the thalamus and the superior colliculus (sc). the development of these precise patterns of retinofugal projections has typically been studied by labeling populations of rg ...	2011	21525846
novel evolved immunoglobulin (ig)-binding molecules enhance the detection of igm against hepatitis c virus.	detection of specific antibodies against hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the most widely available test for viral diagnosis and monitoring of hcv infections. however, narrowing the serologic window of anti-hcv detection by enhancing anti-hcv igm detection has remained to be a problem. herein, we used ld5, a novel evolved immunoglobulin-binding molecule (neibm) with a high affinity for igm, to develop a new anti-hcv enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using horseradish peroxidase-labeled ld5 (hr ...	2011	21533225
in vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activity of liposomal flavonols by the hrp-h(2)o(2)-luminol system.	considering that antioxidant flavonols have been reported to be beneficial to human health, but that their low water solubility and bioavailability limit their administration through systemic route, the development of suitable flavonol-carriers is of great importance for clinical therapeutics. the aim of this study was to prepare liposomes containing flavonols or not and evaluate their antioxidant activity. vesicles were obtained by ethanol injection method and characterized in terms of entrapme ...	2011	21545317
preparation and characterization of single-enzyme nanogels.	enzymes have been incorporated in nanostructures in order to provide robust catalysts for valuable reactions, particularly those performed under harsh and denaturing conditions. this chapter describes the encapsulation of enzymes in polyacrylamide nanogels by a two-step in situ polymerization process for preparing robust biocatalysts. the first step in this process is the generation of vinyl groups on the enzyme surface, while the second step involves in situ polymerization using acrylamide as t ...	2011	21553187
two efficient methods for the conjugation of smooth-form lipopolysaccharides with probes bearing hydrazine or amino groups. i. lps activation with cyanogen bromide.	this chapter presents a conjugation method for coupling probes bearing hydrazine or primary amino groups to a smooth(s)-form lipopolysaccharide (lps). lps is modified by the activation of the hydroxyl groups present in its o-antigen moiety with cyanogen bromide in aqueous acetone. the method yields conjugates with good labeling ratios, preserving the endotoxic activity of the lipid a moiety. conjugation of smooth-form lps from salmonella enterica sv. minnesota with dansyl hydrazine and horseradi ...	2011	21567325
two efficient methods for the conjugation of smooth-form lipopolysaccharides with probes bearing hydrazine or amino groups. ii. lps activation with a cyanopyridinium agent.	this chapter presents a conjugation method for coupling probes bearing hydrazine or primary amino groups to a lipopolysaccharide (lps). lps is modified by the activation of the hydroxyl groups present in its o-antigen moiety with 1-cyano-4-dimethylaminopyridinium tetrafluoroborate (cdap). the method yields conjugates with good labeling ratios, preserving the endotoxic activity of the lipid a moiety. conjugation of smooth-form lps from salmonella enterica sv. minnesota with dansyl hydrazine and h ...	2011	21567326
facile fabrication of magnetic gold electrode for magnetic beads-based electrochemical immunoassay: application to the diagnosis of japanese encephalitis virus.	a novel magnetic beads-based electrochemical immunoassay strategy has been developed for the detection of japanese encephalitis virus (jev). the magnetic gold electrode was fabricated to manipulate magnetic beads for the direct sensing applications. gold-coated magnetic beads were employed as the platforms for the immobilization and immunoreaction process, and horseradish peroxidase was chosen as an enzymatic tracer. the proteins (e.g., antibodies or immunocomplexes) attached on the surface of m ...	2011	21570278
development of an antigen heterologous enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of corticosterone in rat serum.	homologous and heterologous combinations of enzyme conjugate and antibody in steroid enzyme immunoassay (eia) influences unlabeled steroid recognition by antibody that affects sensitivity of the assay. to develop corticosterone enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), antibodies were generated against corticosterone-3-carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin (corticosterone-3-cmo-bsa) and corticosterone-21-hemisuccinate-bovine serum albumin (corticosterone-21-hs-bsa). four horseradish peroxidas ...	2011	21574095
[anti-tumor effect of suicide gene therapy using chimeric promoter plus radiotherapy on cancer cell lines.]	objective: to explore the synergistic anti-tumor effect of radiotherapy and horseradish peroxidase/prodrug indole-3-acetic acid (hrp/iaa) gene therapy system using chimeric htert promoter responsive to ionizing radiation. methods: the synthetic htert promoters containing four tandem-repeat copies of radio-inducible carg elements, and the chimeric promoter containing cytomegalovirus (cmv) early promoter were both constructed. the activities of the chimeric promoters in cancer cell lines (hela, a5 ...	2011	21575492
in situ forming and rutin-releasing chitosan hydrogels as injectable dressings for dermal wound healing.	an in situ gel-forming system composed of rutin- and tyramine-conjugated chitosan derivatives, horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) was prepared, characterized, and applied to dermal wound repair. rutin was employed to enhance production and accumulation of extracellular matrix in the healing process. in vitro study demonstrates that released rutin significantly enhanced cell proliferation as compared to media without rutin. an in vivo wound healing study was performed by in ...	2011	21591793
[retinotopic organization of the lateral suprasylvian sulcus' posterior-medial area as revealed by analysis of the pattern of cortico-cortical connection with the cat 17th area].	using cortico-cortical connection analysis technique, the cat visual area pmls (the area located on posterior medial wall of the lateral suprasylvian sulcus) retinotopic organization was investigated. a retrograde axonal tracer: horseradish peroxidase (hrp), was injected in the pmls, and initial neurons were investigated in area 17. it was shown that after hrp injection in pmls locus, where a central vision field is located, a labelled cell pattern in area 17 corresponded to the l. palmer et al. ...	2011	21598672
another component of the pelvic plexus that innervates the penis in the rat.	objectives: to determine whether the small plexus located at the base of the penis, consisting of nerves arising from the major pelvic ganglion, connecting with the sensory branch of the pudendal nerve, contains postganglionic neurons innervating the erectile tissue and urethra of the penis. methods: a total of 22 adult male wistar rats 3-4 months of age (weight 250-350 g) were used. the features, distribution, and topography of the small plexus were determined by gross anatomy and histologic st ...	2011	21601251
determination of a new antibacterial peptide s-thanatin in rat plasma by an indirected-elisa.	in this study, antimicrobial peptide s-thanatin (ts) was chemically synthesized and linked to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh) and bovine serum albumin (bsa) by carbodiimide reagent. rabbits were immunized with ts-klh and polyclonal antibody against ts was purified by fractional precipitation of ammonium sulfate, coupled with anion-exchange chromatography. the purified antibody specifically binding to ts residues but not bsa molecules was observed by western-blot analysis. ts-bsa was selected as ...	2011	21605610
comparison of microsuture, interpositional nerve graft, and laser solder weld repair of the rat inferior alveolar nerve.	intraosseous repair of nerves involves difficulty of access and there is concern that bone healing may interfere with repair outcomes. the present report describes the effect of 3 separate repair techniques on recovery from section of the rat intraosseous inferior alveolar nerve, with reference to the mental nerve distal and the trigeminal ganglion proximal to the nerve section.	2011	21605793
construction of uricase-overproducing strains of hansenula polymorpha and its application as biological recognition element in microbial urate biosensor.	abstract: background: the detection and quantification of uric acid in human physiological fluids is of great importance in the diagnosis and therapy of patients suffering from a range of disorders associated with altered purine metabolism, most notably gout and hyperuricaemia. the fabrication of cheap and reliable urate-selective amperometric biosensors is a challenging task. results: a urate-selective microbial biosensor was developed using cells of the recombinant thermotolerant methylotrophi ...	2011	21612631
carbohydrate profiling of fungal cell wall surface glycoconjugates of trichophyton tonsurans and other keratinophilic filamentous fungi using lectins.	various researchers have concluded that lectins are useful reagents for the study of fungal cell wall surface glycoconjugates. in this study, we evaluated the expression of n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, l-fucose, d-galactose and glucose/mannose on the cell wall surface of trichophyton tonsurans and other keratinophilic filamentous fungi, using a simple lectin-binding protocol. the fungal cultures used were isolated from soils obtained from public parks by the hair-bait technique. the lectin assays use ...	2011	21615541
magneto immunoassays for plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 related with malaria based on magnetic nanoparticles.	magneto immunoassay-based strategies for the detection of plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (hrp2) related with malaria are described for the first time by using magnetic micro and nanoparticles. the covalent immobilization of a commercial monoclonal antibody towards the hrp2 protein in magnetic beads and nanoparticles was evaluated and compared. the immunological reaction for the protein hrp2 was successfully performed in a sandwich assay on magnetic micro and nanoparticles by usin ...	2011	21619038
ferrocenemonocarboxylic-hrp@pt nanoparticles labeled rca for multiple amplification of electro-immunosensing.	a multiple amplification immunoassay was proposed to detect alpha-fetoprotein (afp), which was based on ferrocenemonocarboxylic-hrp conjugated on pt nanoparticles as labels for rolling circle amplification (rca). firstly, the capture antibody (anti-afp) was immobilized on glass carbon electrode (gce) deposited nano-sized gold particles. after a typical immuno-sandwich protocol, primary dna was immobilized by labeling secondary antibody, which acted as a precursor to initiate rca. the products of ...	2011	21621402
antimicrobial activities of phenethyl isothiocyanate isolated from horseradish.	phenethyl isothiocyanate (peitc) was obtained from horseradish. the preparation procedure was as follows: the horseradish powder was hydrolysed in the water first, and then, after filtration, the residue was extracted by petroleum ether; finally, peitc was isolated by silica gel column. the structure of peitc was identified by ir, ms, (1)h-nmr and (13)c-nmr chromatography methods. the inhibitory activities of peitc against gibberella zeae, xanthomonas axonopodis pv . citri, cytospora sp . and ph ...	2011	21815843
[the size of cells providing interhemispheric and intrahemispheric connections in the visual cortex of binocular vision-impaired cats].	the size (somatic area) of 658 cells located in layers 2/3 of cortical areas 17, 18 of both hemispheres in intact monocularly deprived and bilateral strabismic cats was measured. these cells were retrogradely labelled after injections of horseradish peroxidase into ocular dominance columns in areas 17, 18. in all groups of cats, the mean somatic area of callosal cells was significantly larger than the mean somatic area of intrahemispheric cells. it was found that the mean somatic area of callosa ...	2011	21675205
generation of polyclonal antibody with high avidity to rosuvastatin and its use in development of highly sensitive elisa for determination of rosuvastatin in plasma.	abstract: in this study, a polyclonal antibody with high avidity and specificity to the potent hypocholesterolaemic agent rosuvastatin (ros) has been prepared and used in the development of highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for determination of ros in plasma. ros was coupled to keyhole limpt hemocyanin (klh) and bovine serum albumin (bsa) using carbodiimide reagent. ros-klh conjugate was used for immunization of female 8-weeks old new zealand white rabbits. the immune re ...	2011	21726466
insecticidal activity and fungitoxicity of plant extracts and components of horseradish (armoracia rusticana) and garlic (allium sativum).	to avoid environmental pollution and health problems caused by the use of traditional synthetic pesticides, there is a trend to search for naturally occurring toxicants from plants. among the compounds discussed for anti-fungal and insecticidal activity, the natural extracts from garlic and horseradish have attracted considerable attention. the objective of this study is to determine the insecticidal and anti-fungal activity of armoracia rusticana and allium sativum l. extracts against larvae of ...	2011	21726146
peroxidase-mediated removal of endocrine disrupting compound mixtures from water.	several classes of oxidative enzymes have shown promise for efficient removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (edcs) that are resistant to conventional wastewater treatments. although the kinetics of reactions between individual edcs and selected oxidative enzymes are well documented in the literature, there has been little investigation of reactions with edc mixtures. this makes it impossible to predict how enzyme-mediated treatment systems will perform since wastewater effluents generally co ...	2011	21741675
one-step monoclonal antibody based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for direct determination of cortisol in serum.	monoclonal antibodies to cortisol have obvious potential advantages as starting materials for assay systems to detect their levels in body fluids. this is very important for monitoring pituitary gland and adrenal functions. to develop a one-step competitive heterogeneous enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), a monoclonal anti-cortisol antibody was generated using a reasonably designed haptenic derivative. cortisol-3-o-carboxymethyloxime was coupled to carrier protein bovine serum albumin (b ...	2011	21707363
influence of different length linker containing dhea-7-cmo-enzyme conjugates on sensitivity and specificity of dhea-17-cmo-antibody.	introduction of spacers in enzyme conjugates is known to exert an influence on the assay parameters of steroid enzyme immunoassays. we have introduced 3 to 10 atomic length linkers between enzyme and steroid moieties and studied their effects on sensitivity and specificity of dehydroepiandrosterone enzyme immunoassays. dehydroepiandrosterone-17-carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin (dhea-17-cmo-bsa) was used as an immunogen to raise the antiserum in new zealand white rabbits. five enzyme conju ...	2011	21728820
development of two highly sensitive immunoassays for detection of copper ions and a suite of relevant immunochemicals.	availability of highly sensitive assays for metal ions can help monitor and manage the environmental and food contamination. in the present study, a monoclonal antibody against copper(ii)-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was used to develop two sensitive elisas for cu(ii) analysis. cobalt(ii)-edta-bsa was the coating antigen in a heterologous indirect competitive elisa (hicelisa), whereas co(ii)-edta-bsa-horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was the enzyme tracer in a heterologous direct competitive elisa ...	2011	21819866
evaluation of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep.	an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of antibodies against anaplasma phagocytophilum-áin ovine serum samples was evaluated. the assay used purified a. phagocytophilum grown in tick cell cultures as antigen. serum samples were diluted 1 in 200 and binding was detected with anti-sheep igg conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. all tests were carried out in the presence of positive and negative control samples. optical density (od) values obtained for each test sample ...	2011	21689825
novel, chimeric, cancer-specific, and radiation-inducible gene promoters for suicide gene therapy of cancer.	background: although the promoter of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (htert) gene has been widely used in gene therapy for targeted cancer cells, it has some limitations for clinical use because of its low activity and potential toxicity to certain normal cells. to overcome these defects, the authors generated novel chimeric htert promoters that contained the radiation-inducible sequence cc(a/t)(6) gg (known as carg elements). methods: chimeric htert promoters were synthesized that co ...	2011	21717442
projections from gudden's tegmental nuclei to the mammillary body region in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis).	gudden's tegmental nuclei provide major inputs to the rodent mammillary bodies, where they are thought to be important for learning and navigation. comparable projections have yet to be described in the primate brain, where part of the problem has been in effectively delineating these nuclei. immunohistochemical staining of tissue from a series of macaque monkeys (macaca mulatta) showed that cells in the region of both the ventral and dorsal tegmental nuclei selectively stain for parvalbumin, so ...	2011	21830220
an organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructure-functionalized electrode for electrochemical immunoassay of biomarker by using magnetic bionanolabels.	a new electrochemical immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein (afp) was developed on an organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructure-functionalized carbon electrode by coupling with magnetic bionanolabels. multi-walled carbon nanotubes (cnts), single-stranded dna, thionine and afp were utilized for the construction of the immunosensor, while the core-shell fe(3)o(4)-silver nanocomposites were employed for the label of horseradish peroxidase-anti-afp conjugates (hrp-anti-afp-agfe). electrochemical measurement ...	2011	21708119
validation of an igm antibody capture elisa based on a recombinant nucleoprotein for identification of domestic ruminants infected with rift valley fever virus.	the presence of competent vectors in some countries currently free of rift valley fever (rvf) and global changes in climate, travel and trade have increased the risk of rvf spreading to new regions and have emphasised the need for accurate and reliable diagnostic tools for early diagnosis during rvf outbreaks. highly sensitive viral detection systems like pcr have a limited use during outbreaks because of the short duration of viraemia, whereas antibodies like specific igm which are serological ...	2011	21827790
Origin of the apical transcytic membrane system in jejunal absorptive cells of neonates.	We investigated the origin of the apical transcytic membrane system in jejunal absorptive cells of neonatal rats using light, electron, and immunofluorescence microscopy. In rats just after birth, intraluminally injected horseradish peroxidase (HRP), used as a macromolecular tracer, was observed only in the apical endocytic membrane system including the lysosomes, of jejunal absorptive cells in vivo. No tracer, however, was found in the intercellular space between the jejunal absorptive cells an ...	2011	21717309
a double antigen bridging immunogenicity elisa for the detection of antibodies to polyethylene glycol polymers.	polyethylene glycol (peg) polymers attached to biotherapeutic molecules enhance in vivo delivery and stability of these large molecular weight drugs. however, these polymers may by themselves be immunogenic and elicit antibodies that can reduce the efficacy of the drug and contribute to potential patient morbidity. a double antigen bridging elisa immunogenicity assay for the detection of anti-drug antibodies (adas) specific to peg polymers of various sizes has been developed.	2011	21827863
retinal ganglion cell axonal compression by retinal vessels in light-induced retinal degeneration.	to analyze the damage produced by light in mydriatic and miotic albino retinas under two different sources of light.	2011	21738401
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (maldi)-time of flight mass spectrometry- and maldi biotyper-based identification of cultured biphenyl-metabolizing bacteria from contaminated horseradish rhizosphere soil.	bacteria that are able to utilize biphenyl as a sole source of carbon were extracted and isolated from polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soil vegetated by horseradish. isolates were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). the usage of maldi biotyper for the classification of isolates was evaluated and compared to 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. a wide spectrum of bacteria was isolated, with arthrobacter, serratia, r ...	2011	21821747
recombinant exon-encoded resilins for elastomeric biomaterials.	resilin is an elastomeric protein found in specialized regions of the cuticle of most insects, providing outstanding material properties including high resilience and fatigue lifetime for insect flight and jumping needs. two exons (1 and 3) from the resilin gene in drosophila melanogaster were cloned and the encoded proteins expressed as soluble products in escherichia coli. a heat and salt precipitation method was used for efficient purification of the recombinant proteins. the proteins were so ...	2011	21963157
nociceptive afferents to the premotor neurons that send axons simultaneously to the facial and hypoglossal motoneurons by means of axon collaterals.	it is well known that the brainstem premotor neurons of the facial nucleus and hypoglossal nucleus coordinate orofacial nociceptive reflex (onr) responses. however, whether the brainstem pns receive the nociceptive projection directly from the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus is still kept unclear. our present study focuses on the distribution of premotor neurons in the onr pathways of rats and the collateral projection of the premotor neurons which are involved in the brainstem local pathways o ...	2011	21980505
A versatile and highly sensitive probe for Hg(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) detection individually and totally in water samples.	The detection of heavy metal ions using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) has been reported by several research groups. However, highly sensitive and selective detection of total heavy metal ions using ELISA is a major technical limitation. Here we describe the development of a versatile and highly sensitive probe combining goat anti-mice IgG, colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). We demonstrate the utility of this probe using three kinds of heavy metal ...	2011	21975341
tumor-targeted gene therapy using adv-afp-hrpc/iaa prodrug system suppresses growth of hepatoma xenografted in mice.	clinical efficacy of current therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) treatment is limited. indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) is non-toxic for mammalian cells. oxidative decarboxylation of iaa by horseradish peroxidase (hrp) leads to toxic effects of iaa. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a novel gene-targeted enzyme prodrug therapy with iaa on hepatoma growth in vitro and in vivo mouse hepatoma models. we generated a plasmid using adenovirus to express hrp isoenzyme c (hr ...	2011	21959967
Electrochemical detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16S rRNA using a biosensor based on immobilized stem-loop structured probe.	We have designed an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on stem-loop structured probes for enzymatic detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in composting degradation. The probe modified with a thiol at its 5' end and a biotin at its 3' end was immobilized on a gold electrode through self-assembly. The stem-loop structured probes were "closed" when target was absent, then the hybridization of the target induced the conformational changes to "open", along with the biotin at i ...	2011	22112510
bioactivation of glafenine by human liver microsomes and peroxidases: identification of electrophilic iminoquinone species and glutathione conjugates.	glafenine (privadol; 2,3-dihydroxypropyl 2-[(7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]benzoate) is a non-narcotic analgesic agent widely used for the treatment of pains of various origins. severe liver toxicity and a high incidence of anaphylaxis were reported in patients treated with glafenine, eventually leading to its withdrawal from market in most countries. it is proposed that bioactivation of glafenine and subsequent binding of reactive metabolite(s) to critical cellular proteins play a causative role. ...	2011	21628497
microfluidic electrochemical immunoarray for ultrasensitive detection of two cancer biomarker proteins in serum.	a microfluidic electrochemical immunoassay system for multiplexed detection of protein cancer biomarkers was fabricated using a molded polydimethylsiloxane channel and routine machined parts interfaced with a pump and sample injector. using off-line capture of analytes by heavily-enzyme-labeled 1μm superparamagnetic particle (mp)-antibody bioconjugates and capture antibodies attached to an 8-electrode measuring chip, simultaneous detection of cancer biomarker proteins prostate specific antigen ( ...	2011	21632234
direct projections from the central amygdaloid nucleus to the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus in rats.	the amygdala is activated by fear and plays an important role in the emotional response to life-threatening situations. when rats feel threatened, they respond by biting fiercely. bite strength is regulated by the trigeminal motor nucleus and the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (me5). the me5 relays proprioceptive signals from the masticatory muscles and the periodontal ligaments to the trigeminal motor and premotor nuclei. the amygdala projects to the trigeminal motor nucleus and the premotor ...	2011	21640334
precise design of artificial cofactors for enhancing peroxidase activity of myoglobin: myoglobin mutant h64d reconstituted with a "single-winged cofactor" is equivalent to native horseradish peroxidase in oxidation activity.	h64d myoglobin mutant was reconstituted with two different types of synthetic hemes that have aromatic rings and a carboxylate-based cluster attached to the terminus of one or both of the heme-propionate moieties, thereby forming a "single-winged cofactor" and "double-winged cofactor," respectively. the reconstituted mutant myoglobins have smaller k(m) values with respect to 2-methoxyphenol oxidation activity relative to the parent mutant with native heme. this suggests that the attached moiety ...	2011	21661115
controlled release of reagents in capillary-driven microfluidics using reagent integrators.	the integration and release of reagents in microfluidics as used for point-of-care testing is essential for an easy and accurate operation of these promising diagnostic devices. here, we present microfluidic functional structures, which we call reagent integrators (ris), for integrating and releasing small amounts of dried reagents (ng quantities and less) into microlitres of sample in a capillary-driven microfluidic chip. typically, a ri is less than 1 mm(2) in area and has an inlet splitting i ...	2011	21674120
goldmag nanocomposite-functionalized graphene sensing platform for one-step electrochemical immunoassay of alpha-fetoprotein.	a new flow-through electrochemical immunosensor was designed for sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein (afp) in human serum by using nanogold-functionalized magnetic graphene nanosheets as immunosensing probes. initially, amino functionalized magnetic beads were covalently immobilized on the surface of graphene oxide nanosheets (mgps), then nanogold particles were adsorbed on the amino groups of the mgps to construct goldmag nanocomposites functionalized graphene nanosheets (gmgps), and then ...	2011	21803566
the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on blood-brain barrier permeability in septic rats.	the mechanisms underlying the changes in blood-brain barrier (bbb) integrity in septic encephalopathy are poorly understood. the present study was designed to examine whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (hbot) influences the response of bbb to sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (clp) in rats. cerebral cortical and hippocampal tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-a), malondialdehyde (mda) and glutathione (gsh) levels were measured. bbb permeability was functionally and struc ...	2011	21803336
characterization of the stimulus for reactive oxygen species generation in calcium-overloaded mitochondria.	we have used two different probes with distinct detection properties, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and amplex red/horseradish peroxidase, as well as different respiratory substrates and electron transport chain inhibitors, to characterize the reactive oxygen species (ros) generation by the respiratory chain in calcium-overloaded mitochondria. regardless of the respiratory substrate, calcium stimulated the mitochondrial generation of ros, which were released at both the mitochondrial-matr ...	2011	21801492
activation of autophagy in a rat model of retinal ischemia following high intraocular pressure.	acute primary open angle glaucoma is an optic neuropathy characterized by the elevation of intraocular pressure, which causes retinal ischemia and neuronal death. rat ischemia/reperfusion enhances endocytosis of both horseradish peroxidase (hrp) or fluorescent dextran into ganglion cell layer (gcl) neurons 24 h after the insult. we investigated the activation of autophagy in gcl-neurons following ischemia/reperfusion, using acid phosphatase (ap) histochemistry and immunofluorescence against lc3 ...	2011	21799881
multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay of phosphorylated proteins based on enzyme-functionalized gold nanorod labels and electric field-driven acceleration.	a multiplexed electrochemical immunoassay integrating enzyme amplification and electric field-driven strategy was developed for fast and sensitive quantification of phosphorylated p53 at ser392 (phospho-p53392), ser15 (phospho-p5315), ser46 (phospho-p5346) and total p53 simultaneously. the disposable sensor array has four spatially separated working electrodes and each of them is modified with different capture antibody, which enables simultaneous immunoassay to be conducted without cross-talk b ...	2011	21797208
nerve-muscle-endplate band grafting: a new technique for muscle reinnervation.	background:: as currently existing reinnervation methods result in poor functional recovery, there is a great need to develop new treatment strategies. objective:: to investigate the efficacy of our recently developed nerve-muscle-endplate band grafting (nmeg) technique for muscle reinnervation. methods:: twenty-five adult rats were used. sternohyoid (sh) and sternomastoid (sm) muscles served as a donor and a recipient muscle, respectively. neural organization of the sh and sm muscles and surgic ...	2011	21796004
[morphological study on commonly-used acupoints for thyroid surgery under acupuncture anesthesia].	to study the morphologic structure, afferent projections of "neiguan" (pc6), "hegu" (li 4) and "futu" (li 18) acupoint regions so as to understand their underlying mechanisms in acupuncture anesthesia for thyroid surgery.	2011	21793385
gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons extend complex highly branched dendritic trees outside the blood-brain barrier.	gnrh neurons project axons to the median eminence to control pituitary release of gonadotropins and, as such, represent the principal output neurons of the neuronal network controlling fertility. it is well established that the gnrh neurons exhibit a simple bipolar morphology with one or two long dendrites. using adult gnrh-green fluorescent protein transgenic mice and juxtacellular cell filling, we report here that a subpopulation of gnrh neurons located in the rostral preoptic area exhibit ext ...	2011	21791557
electrochemical detection of hepatitis c virus with signal amplification using bamhi endonuclease and horseradish peroxidase-encapsulated nanogold hollow spheres.	a novel electrochemical method to detect hepatitis c virus was developed based on site-specific cleavage of bamhi endonuclease and enzymatic signal amplification with horseradish peroxidase-encapsulated nanogold hollow spheres.	2011	21785766
formation of raloxifene homo-dimer in cyp3a4, evidence for multi-substrate binding in a single catalytically competent p450 active site.	raloxifene is a polyaromatic compound which has been reported to form radicals when incubated with horseradish peroxidase resulting in formation of a homo-dimer product. polyaromatic phenols have also been reported to undergo oxidation by p450 enzymes to form reactive intermediates, presumably through the formation of phenoxy radical species. recently, we observed that a raloxifene homo-dimer was formed in vitro when incubated with cyp3a4. in response to this finding, a series of experiments wer ...	2011	21767526
ultrasensitive detection of ferritin in human serum by western blotting based on quantum dots-labeled avidin-biotin system.	various methods have been applied for serum ferritin detection, however, these methods still have some limitations. over the last few years, quantum dots (qds) have become very attractive for immunoassays because of their enormous potentials in ultrasensitive analysis. in this study, a western blotting method combined with qds-labeled avidin-biotin system for detecting human serum ferritin was described. meanwhile, the traditional diaminobenzidine (dab)-horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method had be ...	2011	21751359
magnetic beads-based chemiluminescence substrate-resolved duplex immunoassay for sequential detection of two ischemic stroke markers with two orders of concentration difference.	herein we have demonstrated a novel protocol to integrating two immunoassay procedures for performing a sequential dual-protein determination, based on a chemiluminescence (cl) substrate-resolved technology. we evaluated our method for the sequential determination of s100ß and neuron-specific enolase (nse) by using alkaline phosphatase (alp) and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as two different labels. especially sharply different and suitable linear ranges and detection limits were successfully obt ...	2011	21747183
sensitive chemiluminescence detection of prion protein on a membrane by using a peroxidase-labeled dextran probe.	we synthesized dextran-based macromolecular probes carrying multiple molecules of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) as a signal-trigger enzyme and of biotin as an assembly mediator without losing the enzymatic activity. multiple attachments of hrp and biotin to the dextran backbone were readily accomplished after the formation of aldehyde groups into the dextran macromolecule by periodate oxidation. the synthesized macromolecular probe was successfully used for sensitive chemiluminescence (cl)-imagin ...	2011	21747179
spectrophotometric quantification of lactose in solution with a peroxidase-based enzymatic cascade reaction system.	a spectrophotometric assay was developed for the quantification of lactose in aqueous solution via a one-pot enzymatic cascade reaction at 25 °c and ph 7.2. lactose (0.2-1.8 mm), e. coli ß-galactosidase (ß-gal), aspergillus niger glucose oxidase (god), horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and o-phenylenediamine (opd) were incubated, and the increase in absorbance at 417 nm (a (417)) due to the formation of dap (2,3-diaminophenazine), the dimeric oxidation product of opd, was followed. the increase in a ...	2011	21845526