Publications

oral manifestations of beckwith-wiedemann syndrome.	a report of case of a patient with beckwith-wiedemann syndrome is presented. the macroglossia associated with the syndrome necessitated long-term dental follow-up to prevent and treat problems with occlusion, speech, and esthetic appearance that might develop. early intervention might be required if feeding or respiratory difficulties, resulting from the macroglossia, arise. the diagnosis of the syndrome should alert the dentist to the increased incidence of intra-abdominal malignancies and the ...	2010	2978762
oral manifestations of beckwith-wiedemann syndrome.	a report of case of a patient with beckwith-wiedemann syndrome is presented. the macroglossia associated with the syndrome necessitated long-term dental follow-up to prevent and treat problems with occlusion, speech, and esthetic appearance that might develop. early intervention might be required if feeding or respiratory difficulties, resulting from the macroglossia, arise. the diagnosis of the syndrome should alert the dentist to the increased incidence of intra-abdominal malignancies and the ...	2010	2978762
combination treatment: colloidal bismuth subcitrate with h2-antagonists.	a formal single-blind multicentre study has been set up to investigate the probable benefit of combined therapy of the cytoprotective agent de-nol (colloidal bismuth subcitrate, cbs) and an acid-suppressing drug (cimetidine) in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. the protocol compares the therapeutic benefit of cbs alone and cimetidine alone with cbs + cimetidine, the treatment period being 28 or 56 days. patients whose ulcers heal within the therapeutic phase will be followed up until relapse or 1 ...	2010	2887475
the accuracy of hysterosalpingography versus laparoscopy in evaluation of infertile women.	two hundred fifteen infertile women underwent hysterosalpingography (hsg) and laparoscopy. one hundred twenty-eight patients had bilaterally patent tubes on hysterosalpingography. thirty-one percent of these women had pelvic adhesions diagnosed by laparoscopy. eighty-seven women had either occluded tubes or suspected pelvic adhesions on hysterosalpingography. thirty-nine percent of these women had patent tubes without any pelvic pathology on laparoscopy. inaccurate diagnoses limit the value of h ...	2010	2874076
repair of potentially mutagenic damage, sensitive to anisotonic treatment, in actively growing chinese hamster cells.	using exponentially growing chinese hamster v79 cells we studied the effect of anisotonic phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) treatment on the frequency of mutation following x-irradiation. induction of mutants was studied at the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase locus (hgprt). when cells were x-irradiated and immediately followed by 0.5 m nacl/pbs treatment for 20 min at 37 degrees c, cell survival was significantly decreased and a concomitant increase in the number of mutants was obs ...	2010	2900279
[new treatments of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].	the treatment of ulcerative colitis has benefited from the development of new molecules (azo-disalicylates) or new galenic forms (pentasa, azacol...) permitting, via oral administration, to supply the colon with 5-aminosalicylic acid without the sulfapyridine with which it was combined in salazosulfapyridine and was responsible for most side effects. pentasa and steroids which are moderately absorbed by the colonic mucosa (tixocortol pivalate, prednisolone metasulfabenzoate may also be used un a ...	2010	2901821
family planning practice among nigerian student midwives.	an analysis of the various contraceptive methods practiced by a total of 462 student midwives from the northern and southern parts of nigeria over a 3-years period is presented. the differences in age distribution, the type of contraceptive agents used, the reasons for using them, and the side effects in the two groups are statistically significant. the need to provide acceptable contraceptive advice to the rural communities by the midwives is discussed.	2010	2904908
lack of comparability of two automated blood pressure monitors in a hypertensive population.	two frequently used automated, blood pressure monitors, the arteriosonde and the dinamap, were compared with each other and with a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. fifteen patients with elevated blood pressure were studied: 5 were untreated, 5 received a diuretic alone, and 5 received a beta blocker alone. one hundred and twenty blood pressure measurements were taken from each subject with two different instruments (one on each arm) in a 2 (supine or standing position) x 2 (left or right arm) ...	2010	2873912
fda approves marketing of octreotide.		2010	2912662
expert system for pharmaceutical analysis. i. selection of the detection system in high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis: uv versus amperometric detection.	the usefulness of amperometric detection in pharmaceutical analyses was investigated for different groups of drugs. the uv response at 254 nm and that at the absorption maximum of the solute were compared with the electrochemical signal obtained. the minimum detectable concentration (nanograms on-column) of each substance is reported for the three different detection systems. this comparison was performed for 72 drugs (local anaesthetics, antipyretics, tricyclic antidepressants, sulphonamides, s ...	2010	2868023
[pathomorphological observations on endemic goiter].		2010	2955911
generation of l3t4-/ly-2- t cells in peyer's patches of mice treated with monoclonal antibody against helper t cells.	the effect of in vivo administration of anti-l3t4 monoclonal antibody on the generation of an l3t4-/ly-2- (cd4-/cd8-) population of thy-1.2+ cells was examined in peyer's patches of mice by two-color flow cytometry. female balb/c mice aged 8 wk were given 4-6 weekly injections of either anti-l3t4 (1 mg/wk) or phosphate-buffered saline (control group), and dispersed peyer's patch cells analyzed for the presence and absence of l3t4 and ly-2 on thy-1.2+ cells. in anti-l3t4 treated mice, l3t4-/ly-2- ...	2010	2897329
inactivation by wet and dry heat of aids-associated retroviruses during factor viii purification from plasma.		2010	2861402
acute transverse myelopathy.		2010	2867265
antidotal efficacy of isopropamide iodide in acute fluostigmine poisoning in mice.		2010	2864706
fire walking.		2010	2864675
yellow fever in africa.		2010	2878180
regulation of protein synthesis in heat-shocked drosophila cells. soluble factors control translation in vitro.	we have developed an in vitro translation system from heat-shocked and normal drosophila cultured cells. the lysates retain regulation of translation typical of the whole cells from which they were prepared, both when programmed by endogenous mrna and when rna-dependent. these systems have been used to investigate the mechanism of shutdown of normal protein synthesis and selection of heat shock mrnas for translation in heat shock in drosophila. supplementation of intact rna-dependent lysates wit ...	2010	2868010
plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of mercaptopurine after oral administration in children.	plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. eleven children (9 with acute lymphatic leukemia) were studied after oral intake of 6-mp doses ranging between 31 and 128 mg/m2 body surface area. the concentrations of 6-mp in plasma were found to vary considerably between patients even after dose normalization to 75 mg/m2. after dose normalization the mean peak plasma concentration was 0.68 microm (range 0.12-1.38) and the ...	2010	3153216
cyclosporin and graft survival.		2010	2875295
[a case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma].	a case of retroperitoneal liposarcoma is reported. a 42-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of a palpable mass in her left abdomen. intravenous pyelography, barium enema and an ultrasonogram revealed a huge left abdominal tumor. at operation, a huge yellow-brownish tumor found in the retroperitoneal space, was completely removed. the tumor was 32 x 24 x 12 cm and weighed 4,075 g. histologically, it was a myxoid liposarcoma. three courses of adjuvant chemotherapy (cis-p ...	2010	3321958
detection of neoplastic lymph nodes in hodgkin's disease and non-hodgkin lymphoma. comparison between tomography and lymphography.	during a period of 17 months, 98 consecutive patients with malignant lymphoma were examined for initial staging before therapy. both ct and lymphography were performed in 58 patients (19 patients with hodgkin's disease (hd) and 39 patients with non-hodgkin lymphoma (nhl], and these were included in the investigation. the results were discrepant in 26 cases where lymph node lesions were detected by only one of the two methods. in 10 patients, 5 with hd and 5 with nhl, the positive finding by one ...	2010	3006438
extraretroperitoneal abdominal malignant fibrous histiocytoma.	seven cases of extraretroperitoneal abdominal malignant fibrous histiocytoma (mfh) are reported. the anatomic distribution was as follows: liver (2 cases), spleen with gastric and pancreatic involvement (1 case), mesentery (1 case), right mesocolon (1 case), left mesocolon (1 case), and urachus (1 case). these bulky lesions were often extensively necrotic; calcifications were seen in 2 cases. all 7 cases were investigated by ultrasonography (us) and computed tomography (ct). barium studies were ...	2010	2844619
the politics of genocide.		2010	2872434
dynamic liver scanning in cirrhosis.	dynamic hepatic scintigraphy was performed in 49 patients with established cirrhosis, using intravenous 99tcm-pertechnetate and 99tcm-sulphur colloid in a prospective study of its predictive value. there was a close correlation between the hepatic perfusion index (reflecting the ratio of arterial to total hepatic blood flow) obtained with pertechnetate (hpi-p) and with sulphur colloid (hpi-c) (r = 0.775; p less than 0.0001), and both indices correlated with disease severity (hpi-p p less than 0. ...	2010	2838775
cellular mechanism of ischemic acute renal failure: role of ca2+ and calcium entry blockers.	this presentation briefly reviews the cellular mechanism of ischemic acute renal failure (arf) with particular emphasis on the role of ca2+ and calcium entry blockers (ceb). vascular consequences of an ischemic renal insult including vasoconstriction, diminished glomerular permeability, loss of autoregulation, and hypersensitivity to renal nerve stimulation may relate to increased cellular ca2+ concentration in the renal afferent arteriole and glomerular mesangial cells. evidence is also present ...	2010	2846945
[treatment of essential vesico-ureteral reflux in children: computer-assisted decision].		2010	3153193
differences in haemodynamic response to beta-blocking drugs between stable coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction.	theoretically the increased sympathoadrenal activity following acute myocardial infarction might augment the haemodynamic impact of beta-adrenoceptor blockade. to evaluate this question 32 haemodynamic studies were performed to compare the effects of equivalent beta-blocking doses of propranolol (8 mg i.v.) and pindolol (0.8 mg i.v.) in patients with a recent acute myocardial infarction (a.m.i.) or stable coronary artery disease (and a presumptive low sympathetic state). in stable coronary arter ...	2010	2872054
pain reduction in local anesthetic administration through ph buffering.	the effects of ph buffering on the pain of administration and efficacy of three local anesthetics (1% lidocaine, 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, and 1% mepivacaine) were investigated in a randomized, prospective, double-blind study of 25 adult volunteers. plain and buffered solutions of the three local anesthetics were prepared, and a 0.5 intradermal injection of each was administered. pain of anesthetic infiltration was rated from zero to ten. the area of anesthetized skin surrounding ...	2010	2827545
rigidity and fever in two psychotic patients.		2010	2873146
medical education in east london.		2010	2871369
cannabis consumption in catalonia, spain.		2010	2840140
risk of hypothermia in elderly patients with diabetes.	the incidence of admissions of patients with hypothermia was determined to examine whether hypothermia was more common in elderly patients with diabetes than in the general population after diabetic metabolic emergency cases had been excluded. a prospective survey of three accident and emergency departments identified 134 cases of hypothermia admitted from a catchment population of almost 157,000 aged 65 or over during the winters of 1981-2 to 1983-4. the predicted number of patients with diabet ...	2010	3091139
health promotion and disease prevention: the pharmacist's role.		2010	2816718
immune regulation by leukotriene b4.		2010	2837957
the technique of dynamic adhesive strapping for congenital clubfoot.	the use of dynamic adhesive strapping to correct congenital clubfoot in the immediate neonatal period is an effective method of treatment. the technique is described in detail, the steps are illustrated, and precautions and limitations are given. this type of treatment should shorten the amount of time required to correct congenital clubfoot. if the holding phase is sufficiently prolonged, a reduction in the number and complexity of operative procedures needed for recurrent and recalcitrant case ...	2010	2825884
how can i assure collection of my fees?		2010	2797615
[clinical study of white atrophy: the viewpoint of the phlebologist].	after giving a clinical description of millian's white atrophy, its preferred locations and the area in which it develops (post-phlebitic or non-post-phlebitic chronic venous deficiency), the author distinguishes: a benign, non-evolutive form; forms of pseudo white atrophy, of identical morphology, of different development in which a tableau of acute inflamed hypodermititis develops towards hyperalgic ulceration; intermediate forms of more chronic development; non-evolutive forms, such as certai ...	2010	3786431
concurrent administration of ciprofloxacin and potentially interacting drugs.		2010	2801707
the pre-seventh pandemic vibrio cholerae bx 330286 el tor genome: evidence for the environment as a genome reservoir.	vibrio cholerae o1 el tor bx 330286 was isolated from a water sample in australia in 1986, 9 years after an indigenous outbreak of cholera occurred in that region. this environmental strain encodes virulence factors highly similar to those of clinical strains, suggesting an ability to cause disease in humans. we demonstrate its high similarity in gene content and genome-wide nucleotide sequence to clinical v. cholerae strains, notably to pre-seventh pandemic o1 el tor strains isolated in 1910 (v ...	2010	23766018
diversity and distribution of cholix toxin, a novel adp-ribosylating factor from vibrio cholerae.	non-toxigenic non-o1, non-o139 vibrio cholerae strains isolated from both environmental and clinical settings carry a suite of virulence factors aside from cholera toxin. among v. cholerae strains isolated from coastal waters of southern california, this includes cholix toxin, an adp-ribosylating factor that is capable of halting protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells. the prevalence of the gene encoding cholix toxin, chxa, was assessed among a collection of 155 diverse v. cholerae strains origin ...	2010	23766017
temperature affects vibrio cholerae o1 el tor persistence in the aquatic environment via an enhanced expression of gbpa and msha adhesins.	vibrio cholerae o1 el tor attachment to chitin and biofilm formation on polyvinylchloride surfaces via the n-acetylglucosamine-binding protein a (gbpa) and the mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (msha) were investigated under different temperature and salinity conditions simulating those found in the aquatic environment. in vitro tests showed that msha and gbpa defective v. cholerae n16961 strains displayed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in attachment to chitin in comparison with the parent in ...	2010	23766009
environmental monitoring of vibrio cholerae using chironomids in india.	environmental vibrio cholerae strains belonging to the non-o1/non-o139 serogroups are natural inhabitants of freshwater including estuarine environments. recent findings indicated that chironomids (diptera: chironomidae), the most widely distributed insects in freshwater, serve as a natural reservoir of these bacteria. here we study the role of chironomids, particularly exuviae as carriers and as a monitoring tool for the distribution of v. cholerae in the environment. during a survey conducted ...	2010	23766003
sequence analysis of vibrio cholerae orfu and zot from pre-ctxφ and ctxφ reveals multiple origin of pre-ctxφ and ctxφ.	a multiplex pcr was developed to detect pre-ctxφ and ctxφ in vibrio cholerae. a total of 115 v. cholerae were tested, of which 42 v. cholerae o1 and 18 v. cholerae o139 contained ctxφ. six v. cholerae o139 contained only pre-ctxφ and three v. cholerae o1 and 23 v. cholerae o139 contained both pre-ctxφ and ctxφ. none of the v. cholerae non-o1 and non-o139 that were tested had pre-ctxφ or ctxφ. results of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis revealed the v. cholerae isolates po ...	2010	23766000
analysis of clonally related environmental vibrio cholerae o1 el tor isolated before 1992 from varanasi, india reveals origin of sxt-ices belonging to o139 and o1 serogroups.	in this study, we report the presence of sxt in environmental vibrio cholerae o1 el tor strains isolated before 1992 from varanasi, india. all isolates, except one, were resistant to tm, and/or sul, sm, fr, na and am. none contained plasmids. pcr and dna sequencing revealed the presence of sxt containing dfra1 and/or sulii, strab in six isolates and dfr18, sulii and strab in five isolates. three clinical v. cholerae o1 isolated during 1992 contained the antibiotic resistance gene cassette aada1 ...	2010	23765998
environmental reservoirs of vibrio cholerae and their role in cholera.	in the aquatic environment, vibrio cholerae has been reported to be associated with a variety of living organisms, including animals with an exoskeleton of chitin, aquatic plants, protozoa, bivalves, waterbirds, as well as abiotic substrates (e.g. sediments). most of these are well-known or putative environmental reservoirs for the bacterium, defined as places where the pathogen lives over time, with the potential to be released and to cause human infection. environmental reservoirs also serve a ...	2010	23765995
detection of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 in freshwater lakes of the former soviet republic of georgia.	three freshwater lakes, lisi lake, kumisi lake and tbilisi sea, near tbilisi, georgia, were studied from january 2006 to december 2007 to determine the presence of vibrio cholerae employing both bacteriological culture method and direct detection methods, namely pcr and direct fluorescent antibody (dfa). for pcr, dna extracted from water samples was tested for presence of v. cholerae and genes coding for selected virulence factors. vibrio cholerae non-o1/non-o139 was routinely isolated by cultur ...	2010	23765992
zooplankton's role in the distributional status of autochthonous vibrio cholerae: a case study using principal component analysis.	miscellaneous statistical approaches were applied to illustrate the influence exerted by different zooplankton groups on the survival and distributional status of autochthonous vibrio cholerae in two diverse marine environments, veli and kochi, former with low nutrient loading and later with high nutrient loading. the data set has been factorised using principal component analysis (pca) for extracting linear relationships existing among a set of variables. box plots were derived from the pca dat ...	2010	22312802
structure of vibriophage d10 tail sheath revealed by electron microscopy and computational image processing.	vibriophage d10, a member of the vibrio cholerae o-1el-tor phage typing scheme, is used to detect the spread of the cholera epidemic and belongs to the myoviridae family. the outer sheath of the tail of vibriophage is highly contractile in nature. we have used electron microscopy and computational image-processing techniques to determine the structure of this contractile tail sheath. the three-dimensional density map of the tail sheath reveals the presence of ∼35 å long and ∼25 å wide protrusion ...	2011	20689316
a novel and simple pcr walking method for rapid acquisition of long dna sequence flanking a known site in microbial genome.	acquisition of flanking sequence adjacent to a known dna site is an important task in microbial genome-related research. in this study, we developed a new method containing two rounds of pcr followed by cloning and sequencing. firstly, specific primer (sp) is added into the reaction system for primary locus-specific linear amplification, and then a complex long primer (clp) is added into the cooled reaction system for only one cycle. amplification products from the first round of pcr are directl ...	2011	20878504
the active zot domain (aa 288-293) increases zo-1 and myosin 1c serine/threonine phosphorylation, alters interaction between zo-1 and its binding partners, and induces tight junction disassembly through proteinase activated receptor 2 activation.	vibrio cholerae-derived zonula occludins toxin (zot) is a multifunctional protein that reversibly disassembles intestinal tight junctions (tjs). zot structure-function analysis has mapped this activity to aa 288-293, named at1002. at1002 reduced transepithelial electrical resistance across rat small intestine, ex vivo, as did zot and its processed mature form, δg. at1002 increased in vivo permeability to sugar tracers, whereas scrambled control peptides did not. binding and barrier assays in pro ...	2011	20852064
influence of iron-chelated growth conditions on outer membrane protein production and virulence of vibrio tubiashii.	growth of two vibrio tubiashii strains under iron-chelated conditions resulted in the production of a hydroxymate-like siderophore, and expression of outer membrane proteins with homologies to proteins in vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus which were not seen in cells grown under non-chelated growth conditions. pcr analysis using primers based on listonella anguillarum's ferric uptake repressor protein (fur) gene detected a 316-ábp fur gene homolog which also had sequence homology to the fur ...	2011	21839393
comparative sequence analysis of reca gene among vibrio cholerae isolates from iran with globally reported sequences.	aims:ôçé to study the genetic relatedness between v.-ácholerae isolates from iran and other countries based on housekeeping gene reca sequence analysis. methods and results:ôçé a 995-bp region of the reca gene from 24ôçâv.-ácholerae isolates obtained from human and surface water origins in iran over a 5-year period was sequenced and compared with the sequence data from the isolates belonging to other places. cluster analysis of the constructed dendrogram based on reca sequence divergence for our ...	2011	21707677
synthesis of microbial signaling molecules and their stereochemistry-activity relationships.	microbial signaling molecules such as autoinducers and microbial hormones play important roles in intercellular communication in microorganisms. information transfer between the individual cells of a microorganism is one of the most important biological events among them. researchers often suffer from extremely low levels of microbial signaling molecule contents, which prevent them from understanding chemistry and biology of intercellular communication in microorganisms. chemical synthesis is a ...	2011	21821958
interactive configuration through force analysis of gm1 pentasaccharide-vibrio cholera toxin interaction.	understanding of the molecular relationships in carbohydrate-protein interactions provides useful information on biological processes in living organisms and is also helpful for development of potent biomedical agents. herein, the interaction unbinding force between gm1 pentasaccharide and vibrio cholera toxin (ctx) proteins was measured using atomic force microscopy (afm), which enabled us to determine the interaction of ctx holotoxin (ctxab) with gm1 and the interactive formation. first, the i ...	2011	21699239
crystal structure of the vibrio cholerae colonization factor tcpf and identification of a functional immunogenic site.	vibrio cholerae relies on two main virulence factors--toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) and cholera toxin--to cause the gastrointestinal disease cholera. tcp is a type iv pilus that mediates bacterial autoagglutination and colonization of the intestine. tcp is encoded by the tcp operon, which also encodes tcpf, a protein of unknown function that is secreted by v. cholerae in a tcp-dependent manner. although tcpf is not required for tcp biogenesis, a tcpf mutant has a colonization defect in the infan ...	2011	21440558
transition from a plasmid to a chromosomal mode of replication entails additional regulators.	plasmid origins of replication are rare in bacterial chromosomes, except in multichromosome bacteria. the replication origin of vibrio cholerae chromosome ii (chrii) closely resembles iteron-bearing plasmid origins. iterons are repeated initiator binding sites in plasmid origins and participate both in replication initiation and its control. the control is mediated primarily by coupling of iterons via the bound initiators ("handcuffing"), which causes steric hindrance to the origin. the control ...	2011	21444815
antimicrobial susceptibilities of enteric bacterial pathogens isolated in kathmandu, nepal, during 2002-2004.	the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the bacterial enteropathogens vibrio cholerae, salmonella species and shigella species were investigated.	2011	21444984
protein domain of unknown function 3233 is a translocation domain of autotransporter secretory mechanism in gamma proteobacteria.	vibrio cholerae, the enteropathogenic gram negative bacteria is one of the main causative agents of waterborne diseases like cholera. about 1/3(rd) of the organism's genome is uncharacterised with many protein coding genes lacking structure and functional information. these proteins form significant fraction of the genome and are crucial in understanding the organism's complete functional makeup. in this study we report the general structure and function of a family of hypothetical proteins, dom ...	2011	22073138
functional roles of a tetraloop/receptor interacting module in a cyclic di-gmp riboswitch.	riboswitches are a class of structural rnas that regulate transcription and translation through specific recognition of small molecules. riboswitches are attractive not only as drug targets for novel antibiotics but also as modular tools for controlling gene expression. sequence comparison of a class of riboswitches that sense cyclic di-gmp (type-i c-di-gmp riboswitches) revealed that this type of riboswitch frequently shows a gaaa loop/receptor interaction between p1 and p3 elements. in the cry ...	2011	22074990
cholera in united states associated with epidemic in hispaniola.	cholera is rare in the united states (annual average 6 cases). since epidemic cholera began in hispaniola in 2010, a total of 23 cholera cases caused by toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 have been confirmed in the united states. twenty-two case-patients reported travel to hispaniola and 1 reported consumption of seafood from haiti.	2011	22204035
comparative genomics of vibrio cholerae from haiti, asia, and africa.	cholera was absent from the island of hispaniola at least a century before an outbreak that began in haiti in the fall of 2010. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) analysis of clinical isolates from the haiti outbreak and recent global travelers returning to the united states showed indistinguishable pfge fingerprints. to better explore the genetic ancestry of the haiti outbreak strain, we acquired 23 whole-genome vibrio cholerae sequences: 9 isolates obtained in haiti or the dominican repub ...	2011	22099115
emergence of vibrio cholerae serotype hikojima in northern tamil nadu.		2011	21976808
variants of vibrio cholerae o1 el tor from zambia showed new genotypes of ctxb.		2011	21939579
[acute gastroenteritis caused by a vibrio cholerae non-o1, non-o139 strain harboring a genetic region homologous to the vpai-7 pathogenicity island].	pathogenic vibrio cholerae isolates, the etiologic agents of cholera, generally express one of two o antigens (o1 or o139). most environmental isolates are nonpathogenic and are referred to as "non-o1, non-o139". however some v. cholerae non-o1, non-o139 strains are clearly pathogenic and have caused outbreaks or sporadic cases of gastroenteritis and extraintestinal infections in humans. we report a case of acute gastroenteritis by a v. cholerae non-o1, non-o139 harboring a genetic region homolo ...	2011	22051624
differentiation among the vibrio cholerae serotypes o1, o139, o141 and non-o1, non-o139, non-o141 using specific monoclonal antibodies with dot blotting.	seven different monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to only vibrio cholerae were produced using a combination of five representative serotypes of v. cholerae for immunization. the first three mabs (vc-93, vc-82 and vc-223) were specific to the v. cholerae serogroup o1 with different avidity for the serotypes o1 inaba and o1 ogawa. the fourth and the fifth mabs were specific to v. cholerae o139 (vc-812) or o141 (vc-191) serogroups, respectively. the sixth mab (vc-26) bound to all three serogrou ...	2011	21851839
two cases of vibrio cholerae non-o1/non-o139 septicaemia with favourable outcome in lebanon.		2011	21977578
the crystal structure of aphb, a virulence gene activator from vibrio cholerae, reveals residues that influence its response to oxygen and ph.	expression of the two critical virulence factors of vibrio cholerae, toxin-coregulated pilus and cholera toxin, is initiated at the tcpph promoter by the regulators apha and aphb. apha is a winged helix dna-binding protein that enhances the ability of aphb, a lysr-type transcriptional regulator, to activate tcpph expression. we present here the 2.2 å x-ray crystal structure of full-length aphb. as reported for other lysr-type proteins, aphb is a tetramer with two distinct subunit conformations. ...	2011	22053934
characterization of pathogenicity island prophage in clinical and environmental strains of vibrio cholerae.	in this study 86 isolates of vibrio cholerae were analysed for their adhesive properties and the presence of pathogenicity island genes. with the exception of three isolates, all of the other clinical isolates (92.5%) contained an intact tcp (toxin-co-regulated pilus) gene cluster. in contrast, 95% of all environmental non-o1-non-o139 isolates were negative for the tcp gene cluster. the majority of clinical isolates (82.5%) possessed the complete vibrio pathogenicity island (vpi) gene cluster an ...	2011	21852526
Functional characterization of VC1929 of Vibrio cholerae El Tor: role in mannose-sensitive haemagglutination, virulence and utilization of sialic acid.	The nonadhesive mutant CD11 of Vibrio cholerae El Tor, defective in expression of mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin, lacks a protein when compared with its parent strain. Determination of the amino acid sequence revealed the identity of the protein as the product of VC1929, which is annotated to encode a protein, DctP, involved in the transport of C4-dicarboxylates. We cloned the dctP gene in pUC19 vector and expressed it in mutant CD11. Expression of DctP in the resulting complemented strain res ...	2011	21873407
vash is a transcriptional regulator of the type vi secretion system functional in endemic and pandemic vibrio cholerae.	the gram-negative bacterium vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of cholera, a disease characterized by the release of high volumes of watery diarrhea. many medically important proteobacteria, including v. cholerae, carry one or multiple copies of the gene cluster that encodes the bacterial type vi secretion system (t6ss) to confer virulence or interspecies competitiveness. structural similarity and sequence homology between components of the t6ss and the cell-puncturing device of t4 bacteri ...	2011	21949076
amplified fragment length polymorphism of clinical and environmental vibrio cholerae from a freshwater environment in a cholera-endemic area, india.	the region around chandigarh in india has witnessed a resurgence of cholera. however, isolation of v. cholerae o1 from the environment is infrequent. therefore, to study whether environmental nono1-nono139 isolates, which are native to the aquatic ecosystem, act as precursors for pathogenic o1 strains, their virulence potential and evolutionary relatedness was checked.	2011	21936962
[characteristics of vibrio cholerae nono1/nono139 serogroup strains that caused diseases in population of rostov region].	genotype characteristic and determination of serological properties of vibrio cholerae nono1/nono139 strains that caused diseases in population of rostov region from 2000 to 2009.	2011	22145343
Population genetics of Vibrio cholerae from Nepal in 2010: evidence on the origin of the Haitian outbreak.	Cholera continues to be an important cause of human infections, and outbreaks are often observed after natural disasters, such as the one following the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. Once the cholera outbreak was confirmed, rumors spread that the disease was brought to Haiti by a battalion of Nepalese soldiers serving as United Nations peacekeepers. This possible connection has never been confirmed. We used whole-genome sequence typing (WGST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and antimicrobia ...	2011	21862630
Natural cholera infection-derived immunity in an endemic setting.	Live oral cholera vaccines may protect against cholera in a manner similar to natural cholera infections. However, information on which to base these vaccines is limited.	2011	21849288
evidence for several waves of global transmission in the seventh cholera pandemic.	vibrio cholerae is a globally important pathogen that is endemic in many areas of the world and causes 3-5 million reported cases of cholera every year. historically, there have been seven acknowledged cholera pandemics; recent outbreaks in zimbabwe and haiti are included in the seventh and ongoing pandemic. only isolates in serogroup o1 (consisting of two biotypes known as 'classical' and 'el tor') and the derivative o139 can cause epidemic cholera. it is believed that the first six cholera pan ...	2011	21866102
localization of ubiquinone-8 in the na+-pumping nadh:quinone oxidoreductase from vibrio cholerae.	na(+) is the second major coupling ion at membranes after protons, and many pathogenic bacteria use the sodium-motive force to their advantage. a prominent example is vibrio cholerae, which relies on the na(+)-pumping nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na(+)-nqr) as the first complex in its respiratory chain. the na(+)-nqr is a multisubunit, membrane-embedded nadh dehydrogenase that oxidizes nadh and reduces quinone to quinol. existing models describing redox-driven na(+) translocation by the na(+)-nq ...	2011	21885438
vibrio cholerae infection, novel drug targets and phage therapy.	vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of the diarrheal disease cholera. although antibiotic therapy shortens the duration of diarrhea, excessive use has contributed to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in v. cholerae. mobile genetic elements have been shown to be largely responsible for the shift of drug resistance genes in bacteria, including some v. cholerae strains. quorum sensing communication systems are used for interaction among bacteria and for sensing environmental signals. sequen ...	2011	22004038
Spinosad and neem seed kernel extract as bio-controlling agents for malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi and non-biting midge, Chironomus circumdatus.	Midge egg masses are reported to support non-pathogenic strains of the cholera pathogen, Vibrio cholera (V. cholera). Mosquito born diseases have been reported to cause millions of death worldwide. The present research reveals the toxicity effect of spinosad and neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) against different larval stages of Anopheles stephensi (An. stephensi) and Chironomus circumdatus (Ch. circumdatus).	2011	21914538
authors' response: on sialic acid transport and utilization by vibrio cholerae.	authors' response: on sialic acid transport and utilization by vibrio cholerae.	2011	22034486
tolc affects virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae.	a vibrio cholerae tolc mutant showed increased toxt expression in m9 medium, but not in the presence of four amino acids that induce cholera toxin production, and in lb with high osmolarity but not high ph or temperature. tolc did not affect expression of other regulatory genes in the toxr regulon.	2011	21856848
lplunc1 modulates innate immune responses to vibrio cholerae.	recent studies demonstrate that long palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone 1 protein (lplunc1) is involved in immune responses to vibrio cholerae, and that variations in the lplunc1 promoter influence susceptibility to severe cholera in humans. however, no functional role for lplunc1 has been identified.	2011	21900486
south asia instead of nepal may be the origin of the haitian cholera outbreak strains.		2011	21990616
occurrence and potential pathogenesis of vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus on the south coast of sweden.	during the summer of 2006, several wound infections - of which three were fatal - caused by vibrio cholerae were reported from patients who had been exposed to water from the baltic sea. before these reports, we initiated a sampling project investigating the occurrence of potential human pathogenic v. cholerae, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus in the sound between sweden and denmark. the blue mussel (mytilus edulis) was used as an indicator to follow the occurrence of vibrios over t ...	2011	21692819
a novel complex class 1 integron found in a klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from portugal.	klebsiella pneumoniae kp1 carrying a novel complex class 1 integron was isolated from an inanimate surface of a female ward sanitary facility in the hospital infante d. pedro, aveiro, central portugal. the integron consists of two variable regions (vrs); vr1 was previously described in escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae, and vr2 contains an in37-like structure and is located downstream of an iscr1 element. the integron was found on a plasmid of 225 kb. the qnrb10 gene, although present, is not ...	2011	21722254
molecular basis for the unique role of the aaa+ chaperone clpv in type vi protein secretion.	ring-forming aaa(+) atpases act in a plethora of cellular processes by remodeling macromolecules. the specificity of individual aaa(+) proteins is achieved by direct or adaptor-mediated association with substrates via distinct recognition domains. we investigated the molecular basis of substrate interaction for vibrio cholerae clpv, which disassembles tubular vipa/vipb complexes, an essential step of type vi protein secretion and bacterial virulence. we identified the clpv recognition site withi ...	2011	21733841
a new oral vaccine candidate based on the microencapsulation by spray-drying of inactivated vibrio cholerae.	the aim of this work was to evaluate the microencapsulation by spray-drying of inactivated vibrio cholerae, using methacrylic copolymers eudragit-« l30d-55 and fs30d. the microparticles obtained presented a particle size around 3.0 ++m. the preparation temperature affected the morphology and the antigenicity of microparticles, but it did not affect the v. cholerae content. in vitro release studies showed that in acid medium less than 5% of bacteria was released, and in neutral medium, eudragit-« ...	2011	21683110
identifying new variables during infection: proximity to the host epithelium and epigenetic programs alter the expression of virulence factors in vibrio cholerae.		2011	21833303
genetic characterization of vibrio cholerae o1 strains isolated in zambia during 1996-2004 possessing the unique vsp-ii region of el tor variant.	summarynew variants of vibrio cholerae o1 have appeared in different time-frames in various endemic regions, especially in asia and africa. sixty-nine strains of v. cholerae o1 isolated in zambia between 1996 and 2004 were investigated by various genotypic techniques to determine the lineage of virulence signatures and clonality. all strains were positive for vibrio seventh pandemic islands (vsp)-i and vsp-ii and repeat toxin (rtx) gene clusters attesting their el tor lineage. interestingly, str ...	2011	21676349
[non-o1, non-o139 vibrio cholerae bacteremia in a chronic hemodialysis patient].	non-o1, and non-o139 vibrio cholerae is an infrequent cause of bacteremia. there are no reports of such bacteremia in chronic hemodialysis patients. this work describes the case of a chronic hemodialysis patient that had an episode of septicemia associated with dialysis. blood cultures were obtained and treatment was begun with vancomycin and ceftazidime. after 6.5 hours of incubation in the bact/alert system there is evidence of gram-negative curved bacilli that were identified as vibrio choler ...	2011	21731967
case records of the massachusetts general hospital. case 20-2011. a 30-year-old man with diarrhea after a trip to the dominican republic.		2011	21714651
Vibrio cholerae O1 Infection Induces Proinflammatory CD4+ T-Cell Responses in Blood and Intestinal Mucosa of Infected Humans.	Vibrio cholerae O1 is a noninvasive enteric pathogen and serves as a model for studies of mucosal immunity. Although symptomatic V. cholerae infection induces durable protection against subsequent disease, vaccination with oral killed whole-cell V. cholerae stimulates less long-lasting protection against cholera. In this study, we demonstrated that cholera induces an early proinflammatory cellular immune response that results in priming of Th1- and Th17-type cytokine responses to ex vivo antigen ...	2011	21697339
secretory nucleoside diphosphate kinases from both intra- and extracellular pathogenic bacteria are functionally indistinguishable.	nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk), responsible for the maintenance of ntp pools, is an atp-utilizing enzyme secreted by different pathogens. we found that ndk from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is also secretory in nature. secretory ndk is known to play a crucial role in the survival of pathogenic microbes within host cells through their interaction with extracellular atp. to elucidate this aspect, we assessed the contribution of secretory products containing ndk fro ...	2011	21816881
bacteriological assessment of drinking water supply options in coastal areas of bangladesh.	this study was conducted to assess the bacteriological quality of alternative drinking water supply options in southwest coastal areas of bangladesh. a total of 90 water samples were collected during both dry and wet seasons from household based rainwater harvesting systems (rwhss), community based rain water harvesting systems (crwhss), pond-sand filters (psfs) and ponds. the samples were evaluated for faecal coliform, escherichia coli and heterotrophic plate count, as well as vibrio cholerae, ...	2011	21942205
biological characterization of two marine bdellovibrio-and-like organisms isolated from daya bay of shenzhen, china and their application in the elimination of vibrio parahaemolyticus in oyster.	bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (balos) are a group of highly motile delta-proteobacteria that prey on other gram-negative bacteria. however, nothing is known of the application potential of marine balos in safeguarding seafood safety. here, biological characterization of two marine balos strains and their application in the elimination of vibrio parahaemolyticus in oyster (crassostrea ariakensis) at the laboratory scale were investigated. balos strains bdh12 and bdhsh06 were isolated from sedim ...	2011	21899909
ecology and genetic structure of a northern temperate vibrio cholerae population related to toxigenic isolates.	although vibrio cholerae is an important human pathogen, little is known about its populations in regions where the organism is endemic but where cholera disease is rare. a total of 31 independent isolates confirmed as v. cholerae were collected from water, sediment, and oysters in 2008 and 2009 from the great bay estuary (gbe) in new hampshire, a location where the organism has never been detected. environmental analyses suggested that abundance correlates most strongly with rainfall events, as ...	2011	21926213
a model for vibrio cholerae colonization of the human intestine.	vibrio cholerae is a strict human pathogen that causes the disease cholera. it is an old-world pathogen that has re-emerged as a new threat since the early 1990s. v. cholerae colonizes the upper, small intestine where it produces a toxin that leads to watery diarrhea, characterizing the disease (kahn et al., 1988). the dynamics of colonization by the bacteria of the intestines are largely unknown. although a large initial infectious dose is required for infection, data suggests that only a small ...	2011	21903104
Characterization of Cholix toxin-induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.	Cholix toxin (Cholix) is a novel ADP-ribosylating cytotoxin produced by Vibrio cholerae, which utilizes eukaryotic elongation factor 2 as a substrate and acts by a mechanism similar to that of diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A. First it was found that Cholix-treated HeLa cells exhibited caspase-dependent apoptosis, whereas intestinal cells such as Caco-2, HCT116, and RKO did not. Here we investigated Cholix-induced cell death signaling pathways in HeLa cells. Cholix-induced cytochrome ...	2011	21903588
drug-resistance mechanisms in vibrio cholerae o1 outbreak strain, haiti, 2010.	to increase understanding of drug-resistant vibrio cholerae, we studied selected molecular mechanisms of antimicrobial drug resistance in the 2010 haiti v. cholerae outbreak strain. most resistance resulted from acquired genes located on an integrating conjugative element showing high homology to an integrating conjugative element identified in a v. cholerae isolate from india.	2011	22099122
Detection and characterization of pathogenic vibrios in shellfish by a Ligation Detection Reaction-Universal Array approach.	Vibrios are a group of major foodborne pathogens widely distributed in marine environment. Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus are the pathogenic species of Vibrio that pose the greatest threat to human health. However, other vibrios, e.g. Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio mimicus and Grimontia hollisae, apparently less relevant in the group of foodborne pathogens, have been sporadically found in outbreaks. For seafood safety and economic purposes, a rapid and powerful met ...	2011	22177227