Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| sexual development and free-running period in quail kept in constant darkness. | in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) sexual development may occur in total darkness (dd). linked to sexual maturation, variations of the rhythm of feeding activity were observed: in dd, the amount of activity increased and the period of the free-running rhythm lengthened. during the first weeks in dd all the quails presented a free-running period less than 24 hr (22.3 +/- 0.5 hr; n = 50). at the end of the experiment, the more a bird was mature, the greater the lengthening of its perio ... | 1992 | 1505719 |
| the effect of dehydration on brain temperature regulation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. the effect of dehydration and heat exposure on body and brain temperature was studied in quail exposed to increasing ambient temperatures within the range of 25-40 degrees c. 2. the body-to-brain temperature difference was not affected by increasing ambient temperature or hydration state. a mean body-to-brain temperature difference of 0.96 +/- 0.64 degrees c and 0.85 +/- 0.65 degrees c was found in normally hydrated and dehydrated quail, respectively. 3. the slope of the relation between brai ... | 1992 | 1348680 |
| evidence for genetic etiology of heteroploidy in embryos of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the japanese quail was used as an experimental system to detect the effects of genes that affect chromosome behavior and distribution. from a random-bred population, three inbred generations were produced by full-sib matings in 36 families. the expectation from such a breeding scheme was that embryos bearing aberrations induced by recessive mutant genes would cluster within families and recur in particular lineages. chromosomal aberrations caused by errors during fertilization, cleavage mitosis, ... | 1992 | 1611913 |
| distribution and characterization of melatonin receptors in the brain of the japanese quail, coturnix japonica. | 2-[125i]iodomelatonin was used to study the distribution and properties of the melatonin receptor in the japanese quail brain. high receptor density was detected in the major targets of direct retinal input (optic tectum, nucleus of the optic basal rout, ventrolateral geniculate nucleus), as well as areas representing terminals in the visual pathways (nucleus rotundus, ectostriatum, thalamo-hyperstriatal pathway). binding was also found in the piriform cortex, the hypophyseal pars tuberalis, the ... | 1993 | 8385754 |
| sensory nerve endings in the beak skin of japanese quail. | this study is concerned with the distribution and ultrastructure of sensory nerve endings in the beak skin of adult japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the following nerve endings were found: free nerve endings, clusters of dermal merkel nerve endings, herbst corpuscles and ruffini corpuscles. the latter were found only in the dermis of the tip of the upper beak. the remaining endings were present in the skin of all areas of upper and lower beak. free nerve endings were supplied by eith ... | 1993 | 8238960 |
| ultrastructural changes of oocyte and follicular wall during oocyte maturation in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | this study examined structural changes in oocyte and follicular wall during oocyte maturation in japanese quails. the structures of the germinal disc and the surrounding follicular wall were observed by light and electron microscopy 25, 6 and 1 h before the expected time of ovulation. the germinal disc of the oocyte was located near the oocyte plasma membrane at 25 h before ovulation, and the germinal vesicle was located in the centre of the germinal disc. numerous cytoplasmic elements, such as ... | 1993 | 8464010 |
| dopaminergic interplexiform cells in the retina of pigmented and hypopigmented quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | interplexiform cells (ipcs) have not been previously described as a component of the population of tyrosine hydroxylase (th) immunoreactive (presumably dopaminergic) cells in the avian retina. in this study, carried out in both pigmented and imperfect albino mutant quails (coturnix coturnix japonica), we initially describe th immunoreactive cells in the inner nuclear layer whose internal dendritic arborization extends into strata 1, 3 and 4/5 of the inner plexiform layer. then, we describe ascen ... | 1993 | 7903119 |
| effects of test age, line and sex on tonic immobility responses and social reinstatement behaviour in japanese quail coturnix japonica. | the tonic immobility (ti) response and social reinstatement (sr) behaviour (as assessed in a treadmill test) were measured in 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 week old japanese quail of lines selected for long (lti) and short (sti) duration of ti weighted for independence from sr behaviour or high (hsr) and low (lsr) levels of sr behaviour weighted for independence from durations of ti. irrespective of age, lti line birds had the longest and sti line birds the shortest duration of ti. the duration of ti did no ... | 1993 | 24897692 |
| [quantitative ultrastructure of the myocardium of japanese quail after long-term hypodynamia]. | quantitative ultrastructural myocardial changes of myocardium of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied during an immobilization stress (hypodynamia) lasting 9, 30, 60 and 90 days. hypodynamic quails were fixed by waistcoats to the feeding place simulating conditions of long lasting space flight which the quails were determined for. the surveyed morphological parametres were: mitochondrial rate, mitochondrial volume in % of cytoplasm, volume of myofibres in % of cytoplasm, ... | 1993 | 8339327 |
| research note: effect of diet density and pelleting on productive parameters of japanese quail. | an experiment was conducted to determine the response of growing japanese quail to two dietary energy levels, high (3,200 kcal me/kg) versus low (3,000 kcal me/kg), and two forms of presentation, mash versus pellet. seven thousand, two hundred day-old japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were randomly distributed into 24 floor pens containing 300 quail each. the experiment was divided in two phases: starter (until 2 wk of age) and finisher (days 14 to 33). weight gain was less (p < .05) f ... | 1993 | 8464802 |
| effects of bilateral hemispherectomy on genetically variable stimulus preferences and imprinting in quail chicks. | bilateral ablation of the telencephalon on the 1st posthatch day prevented learning from imprinting to colored stimuli in japanese quail chicks c. coturnix japonica, but it spared their artificially selected approach preferences for particular colors and patterns. post-imprinting decerebration on the 3rd posthatch day erased the imprinted memory, but did not revert the chicks' approach choices to the colors of their genetically distinct initial preferences. the genetically determined and the acq ... | 1993 | 8111622 |
| spermiogenesis and spermiation in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the ultrastructure of 12 steps of spermatid development and the process of spermiation are described for the japanese quail in order to clarify the classification proposed for determining the stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium (lin et al. 1990) and to assess disagreements in the literature about sperm development in birds. it was concluded that acrosomal development involves the formation of proacrosomal granules which do not contain dense granules like the mammalian acrosome. ma ... | 1993 | 8300429 |
| different expression of calpain in skeletal muscle of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) lines selected for body weight. | calpain activity was determined by western blot analysis of steady-state concentrations of m-calpain (calpain requiring millimolar ca2+ for activation) and also by northern blot analysis of steady-state concentrations of mrna encoding m-calpain in three lines of quail: a random-bred control line (rr) and two lines selected for body weight, one for increased body weight (ll) and another for decreased body weight (ss). the m-calpain activities in skeletal muscle were higher in the ss line and lowe ... | 1993 | 8166622 |
| fine structure of merkel corpuscles in the lingual mucosa of japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | by electron microscopy, these corpuscles were found exclusively in the connective tissue just beneath the dorsal epithelium near the lateral margin of the tongue. each consisted of 4-8 merkel cells and flattened nerve terminals arranged alternately. the merkel cell was characterized by dense-cored granules, with a diameter ranging from 120 to 180 nm, throughout the cytoplasm. the functional significance of the avian merkel cell, i.e. a mechanoreceptor cell or a trophic cell with the axon, still ... | 1993 | 8297254 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 9. evaluation of traits associated with onset of sexual maturity. | an experiment was conducted to compare traits associated with onset of sexual maturity in japanese quail lines. lines divergently selected for high and low 4-wk bw (hw and lw), and high and low total plasma phosphorus at beginning of lay (hp and lp) were compared with a randombred line (rbc1) that served as the base population for hw, lw, hp, and lp. the hw sublines (hw-hp and hw-lp) and lp subline (lp-hw) were also compared to their respective line of origin. most of the differences observed fo ... | 1993 | 8265491 |
| melatonin and photoperiodic time measurement in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | artificial extension of the duration of nocturnally secreted circulating melatonin with exogenous injections produces a short day effect in the reproductive status of mammals, and this paradigm has been applied to japanese quail to test the hypothesis that birds are similar to mammals in this respect. male quail reared on non-stimulatory short days (8l:16d) were switched to mildly stimulatory 12l:12d and given daily melatonin injections at dusk (10 micrograms 2 h before dusk and 10 micrograms at ... | 1993 | 8265672 |
| experimental light damage increases lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | lipofuscin accumulation in the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) of japanese quail was investigated in normal and light-damaged animals at 4 months and 12 months of age following a single, 18-hr light-damaging exposure (3000-3200 lx) evaluated 6 weeks postexposure. quail in a second experimental group light-damaged at 4 months of age were exposed to a second, identical light-damaging exposure at 12 months of age. rpe lipofuscin was quantitatively assessed in three ways: (1) total lipofuscin, expr ... | 1993 | 8282031 |
| the effect of water loss upon the urate, urea and ammonia content of the egg of the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. the urate, urea and ammonia content of the whole egg of the japanese quail was measured in late incubation in eggs subject to different rates of water loss. 2. high rates of water loss substantially increased egg urate content, but had little or no effect on urea or ammonia content. 3. allopurinol, an inhibitor of urate synthesis, reduced egg urate content to low levels, but produced no effect on urea content, and a small reduction in ammonia content. 4. the urea concentration of the embryo w ... | 1993 | 7902795 |
| heritabilities of growth curve parameters and age-specific expression of genetic variation under two different feeding regimes in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | this study investigated genetic variation in growth and final size in relationship to differences in heritabilities under good and poor feeding conditions. heritabilities of growth and final size were estimated for several traits under ad libitum and restricted feeding conditions. a 30% feed restriction from hatching to 44 days of age in japanese quail chicks decreased body weight and tarsus length at 44 days of age and the length of the third primary convert feather at 24 days of age relative t ... | 1993 | 8405992 |
| proteins of the vitelline membrane of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs. | proteins in the vitelline membrane of quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) eggs were analyzed by sds-page. ten major bands, molecular mass ranging from 14.5 to 285 kda, can be clearly distinguished. two bands corresponding to the molecular masses of 33 and 175 kda were detected in the inner layer of the membrane and both were stained with periodic acid-schiff reagent, indicating that they are glycoproteins. nine bands were detected in the outer layer of the membrane. among them, 265- and 285-kda b ... | 1993 | 8378223 |
| basic and lectin histochemistry for studying glycoconjugates in the lingual salivary glands of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | traditional non-lectin staining methods and lectin histochemistry combined with specific exoglycosidase digestion were used to investigate the histological structure of these glands and to visualize the occurrence and composition of salivary glycoconjugates. the quail lingual glands comprise the anterior lingual gland, with rostral and caudal portions that differ in morphology and histochemical staining, and the posterior lingual gland devoid of regional differences. carbohydrate histochemistry ... | 1993 | 8215987 |
| effect of acth and glucocorticoids on lipid metabolism in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. immature male japanese quail received repeated (chronic) injections of 0.8 i.u. corticotrophin (acth), 0.1 mg or 1.0 mg corticosterone (b), or 0.02 mg dexamethasone (dxm) and were fasted then refed at the end of the treatment period. a subgroup of the dxm group were given a single (acute) injection of 0.8 i.u. acth or saline before refeeding. a further group that had been given repeated injections of saline were fasted at the end of the treatment period. 2. all chronic hormone treatments decr ... | 1993 | 8102958 |
| ultrastructural characteristics of primordial germ cells in the quail embryo. | an avian species, the quail has become a desirable animal model in experimental embryology and reproductive biology. to understand the ultrastructural characteristics of primordial germ cells (pgc) of this species, we studied pgc in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryo at various developmental stages from their appearance in the germinal crescent through migration to settlement in the gonadal ridges by means of electron microscopy. the results were compared with those of anothe ... | 1993 | 8363058 |
| sources of behavioral deviation modeled by early color preferences in quail. iii. developmental stability and normative canalization. | successful artificial selection of quail (c. coturnix japonica) for divergent early approach preferences for, and imprintabilities to, the wavelength characteristics of otherwise identical visual stimuli decreased the trait's developmental stability. the developmental error that resulted from selecting for extreme initial preferences was associated with enhanced imprintabilities. conversely, the developmental error that resulted from selecting for extreme imprintabilities was associated with enh ... | 1993 | 8240216 |
| effects of exogenous melatonin on some endocrine, behavioural and metabolic parameters in japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. melatonin administration in drinking water (5 micrograms/ml) to japanese quail resulted in a 20-fold increase of plasma melatonin levels in comparison with the control, day time concentration (0.34 +/- 0.05 vs 6.88 +/- 1.10 nmol/l). 2. plasma triiodothyronine levels increased (5.8 +/- 0.93 vs 7.97 +/- 0.64 nmol/l), corticosterone decreased (28.04 +/- 3.42 vs 15.96 +/- 2.56 nmol/l) and no significant changes were recorded in thyroxine concentration after the treatment. 3. a higher occurrence o ... | 1993 | 8101160 |
| effects of bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide in japanese quail exposed during egg laying period: an interlaboratory comparison study. | the guideline no. 206 for testing of chemicals of the organization for economic cooperation and development (oecd) comprising an avian reproduction test using the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica; termminck and schlegel 1849) as pair-hold test organisms has been applied in a version that reduced the treatment period to 6 weeks without any pretreatment. in the present study bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide, c.a. no. 56-35-9 (tributyltin oxide, tbto) was examined by five participants in an inter ... | 1993 | 8507099 |
| the circadian nature of melatonin secretion in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | plasma melatonin concentrations were measured in japanese quail held under different photoperiods and constant darkness (< 1 lux). when subjected to ld6:18 (6 hr light: 18 hr darkness), levels rose approximately 2 hr after lights-off, attained a peak level 8 hr after lights off, and subsequently declined to low daytime levels before the next lights-on signal. this generated a distinct daily rhythm in melatonin secretion with a duration of approximately 13 h. on exposing quail to a range of photo ... | 1993 | 8345447 |
| behaviour of newly hatched and adult japanese quail and the feasibility of adaptation to weightlessness. | the aim of cosmic biology is to create conditions necessary for the long-term stay of man on cosmic orbital complexes and planetary stations. such conditions should be provided by the autonomous closed ecosystem--a simplified model of the terrestrial biocenosis. as an experimental model of the higher heterotrophic link of this ecosystem the japanese quail was chosen. this paper presents recent knowledge on the behaviour of newly hatched and adult quails under conditions of weightlessness. vi ... | 1993 | 11538530 |
| physiological and behavioral effects of coniferyl benzoate on avian reproduction. | various plant secondary metabolites related to cinnamic acid are of interest because of their repellency to birds and their occurrence in ecologically important food items. coniferyl benzoate (cb), a phenylpropanoid ester that occurs in quaking aspen (populus tremuloides) is of particular ecological interest because of its effect on ruffed grouse (bonasa umbellus) feeding behavior and its possible influence on the population dynamics of this bird. during detoxification processes, cb and other an ... | 1993 | 24248582 |
| maternal rna content in oocytes of several mammalian and avian species. | the amount of maternal rna in the oocytes of several mammalian (mouse, rabbit, cow, pig, sheep) and avian (hen, japanese quail, guinea hen, turkey) species was determined. for mammals these were in the range of 0.47 ng/oocyte (mouse) to 0.98 ng/oocyte (cow), with the exception of the rabbit, where it was up to 15 ng/oocyte. birds' oocytes contain much higher levels of rna, from 1.0 microgram (japanese quail) up to 2.1 micrograms/oocyte (hen). the rna levels were determined by direct measurement ... | 1993 | 7679714 |
| low temperature and short days together induce thyroid activation and suppression of lh release in japanese quail. | we have found in japanese quail that low ambient temperature is required to terminate breeding activity in the presence of short days (wada et al., 1990, gen. comp. endocrinol. 80, 465-472; tsuyoshi and wada, 1992, gen. comp. endocrinol. 85, 424-429). to elucidate the mechanism for photoperiodic and temperature regulation of the release of luteinizing hormone (lh), several serum variables were measured in three groups of mature male birds: (a) birds kept on long days of 16l:8d, 24 hr at 19 degre ... | 1993 | 8224762 |
| structures of asparagine linked oligosaccharides of immunoglobulins (igy) isolated from egg-yolk of japanese quail. | structures of the asn linked oligosaccharides of quail egg-yolk immunoglobulin (igy) were determined in this study. asn linked oligosaccharides were cleaved from igy by hydrazinolysis and labelled with p-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (abee) after n-acetylation. the abee labelled oligosaccharides were then fractionated by a combination of concanavalin a-agarose column chromatography and anion exchange, normal phase and reversed phase hplc before their structures were determined by sequential exog ... | 1993 | 8257848 |
| effect of dietary protein and selected antioxidants on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome induced in japanese quail. | the effects of cp and antioxidants on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (flhs) in japanese quail hens were studied. in experiment 1, four treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial; dietary cp (18 or 24%) and reduced glutathione (gsh, 0 or 120 mg/kg diet) were the major variables, but cysteine and other amino acids were higher in the 24% cp diets. negative control (nc1) and positive control (pc1) diets were also evaluated. in experiment 2, the effects of vitamin e (ve) and gsh were evaluated i ... | 1993 | 8265498 |
| anf binding sites in the heart of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the distribution pattern of rat [125i]-atrial natriuretic factor (anf) binding sites in the cardiac regions of the japanese quail was examined by in vitro quantitative autoradiography. elevated anf binding densities (519 +/- 121 fmol/mg protein) were found in the posterior vena cava, while lower binding levels (between 40 and 50 fmol/mg protein) were found in sinus venosus, aortic bulb, and endomural vessels, with the ventricular wall having the lowest value (17.6 +/- 8.8 fmol/mg protein). scatc ... | 1993 | 8284267 |
| multiphasic analysis of egg production in japanese quail. | a multiphasic function that considers egg production of individual hens to result from more than one phase was used to describe egg production for japanese quail. each phase is determined by number of eggs within a clutch, including internally laid eggs, and pause between clutches. cumulative egg production was fitted by using a function (koops and grossman, 1992) expressing time in terms of cumulative egg number. data from nine hens over a 31-day period were analyzed to estimate parameters for ... | 1993 | 8309867 |
| somite pattern regulation in the avian segmental plate mesoderm. | previous experimental evidence suggested that the avian segmental pattern is already specified in the apparently unsegmented paraxial (segmental plate) mesoderm, but is susceptible to modification and reconstitution. we explored capacities of embryos to alter the specified pattern and restore it after disruption. in control experiments, right segmental plates of chicken or japanese quail embryos were removed after about 48 hours of incubation and immediately replaced. hensen's node and the primi ... | 1993 | 8330540 |
| [quantitative changes in the ultrastructure of myocardial cells in japanese quail during hypergravity, hypodynamia and space flight]. | the experimental work aimed at the quantitative ultrastructure of the myocardial cells of the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica during hypergravitation, hypodynamism and space flight in a soviet satellite. for the determination of quantitative changes of the myocardial ultrastructure a morphometrical method was used with parameters like the number of mitochondria, average mitochondrial size, relative mitochondrial volume, deficiency of cristae and relative volume of myofibrils. the quail ... | 1993 | 8353753 |
| three-dimensional structure of a heteroclitic antigen-antibody cross-reaction complex. | although antibodies are highly specific, cross-reactions are frequently observed. to understand the molecular basis of this phenomenon, we studied the anti-hen egg lysozyme (hel) monoclonal antibody (mab) d11.15, which cross-reacts with several avian lysozymes, in some cases with a higher affinity (heteroclitic binding) than for hel. we have determined the crystal structure of the fv fragment of d11.15 complexed with pheasant egg lysozyme (phl). in addition, we have determined the structure of p ... | 1993 | 8356074 |
| photoperiodism in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) with special reference to relative refractoriness. | cloacal gland (an androgen dependent sex accessory) of japanese quail exhibits full breeding condition as long as these were maintained under long days (ld 16:8). when shifted to short daylength (ld 6:18), scotosensitivity (cloacal gland regression) was observed up to 5 weeks, followed by scotorefractoriness (cloacal gland development). there was a regression in cloacal gland volume of the birds when shifted to intermediate daylength (ld 13.5:10.5 and 13:11) after 12 weeks of exposure to long da ... | 1993 | 8359848 |
| comparative cytotoxic responses of cultured avian and rodent aortic smooth muscle cells to allylamine. | the present studies were designed to compare the acute cytotoxic responses of cultured avian and rodent aortic smooth muscle cells (smcs) to allylamine (aam), a selective vascular toxin. smcs were isolated from male japanese quail or sprague-dawley rats and established in culture by standard procedures. cellular glutathione (gsh) content and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) leakage were used as indices of cytotoxicity. exposure of avian and rodent smcs in primary culture to aam (0.2-200 microm) for 4 ... | 1993 | 8360943 |
| effects of neurochemical lesions of the preoptic area on male sexual behavior in the japanese quail. | two experiments were carried out during which the noradrenergic neurotoxin, 5-amino-2,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methylphenylethylamine (5-admp) was applied to the brain of quail in order to evaluate the role of the noradrenergic system in the control of male copulatory behavior. in the first experiment, the icv injection of 5-admp slightly enhanced the sexual behavior observed in testosterone (t)-treated castrated male quail. this brings additional support to the notion that norepinephrine tonically inh ... | 1993 | 8374807 |
| recombination nodules and axial equalization in the zw pairs of the peking duck and the guinea fowl. | the meiotic z and w chromosomes of the guinea fowl (numida meleagris) and the peking duck (anas platyrhynchos) show features similar to those described previously for 3 species of phasianidae: chicken, japanese quail and bobwhite quail. axial equalization in the gonosomes of the peking duck involves lengthening of the w axis along with shortening of the z axis. a single recombination nodule is constantly found in the synaptic, terminal region of the zw pairs stained with phosphotungstic acid. th ... | 1993 | 8404053 |
| electron microscope observations on lh-induced oocyte maturation in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the aim of this study was to describe the temporal sequence of ultrastructural changes in the boundary between the preovulatory oocyte and its surrounding follicular wall during maturation induced by injection of lh. female japanese quail were injected with ovine lh (20 micrograms per bird) 10-12 h before the expected time of ovulation. the largest and second largest follicles were excised before or 1, 2, 4 or 6 h after injection. the oocyte and the surrounding follicular wall were processed for ... | 1993 | 8410804 |
| sexual approach conditioning: unconditioned stimulus factors. | unconditioned stimulus (us) factors were investigated in a pavlovian sexual conditioning paradigm with male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). copulation with a female quail was more effective than exposure to a female without copulation, but the latter also produced conditioned responding (experiment 1). the greater effectiveness of copulatory opportunity as a us was probably not due to nonassociative effects of copulation (experiment 2). visual cues of the female, as presented on a t ... | 1993 | 8418215 |
| sexual approach conditioning: tests of unconditioned stimulus devaluation using hormone manipulations. | contents of learning that result from conditioned-unconditioned stimulus pairings in sexual approach conditioning were explored with male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). sexual motivation of subjects conditioned to approach an arbitrary stimulus in a pavlovian sexual conditioning paradigm was reduced by exposing them to a short photoperiod. decreased sexual motivation resulted in a decline in sexually conditioned approach behavior (experiments 1 and 2). responding was restored when ... | 1993 | 8418216 |
| estrogen receptors in the avian brain: survey reveals general distribution and forebrain areas unique to songbirds. | estrogens play an important role in the control and differentiation of species-typical behavior and in endocrine homeostasis of birds, but the distribution and evolution of cells that contain estrogen receptors in the avian brain are poorly understood. this study therefore surveys 26 species in the avian orders anseriformes (1 species), galliformes (2), columbiformes (3), psittaciformes (1), apodiformes (2), and passeriformes (3 suboscines, 14 oscines). indirect immunocytochemistry with the estr ... | 1993 | 8432903 |
| effects of hypercholesterolemia on tissue antioxidant status in two species differing in susceptibility to atherosclerosis. | uncontrolled oxidation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. in order to investigate the possible influence of hyperlipidemia on endogenous antioxidant status, the effects of dietary cholesterol supplementation on antioxidant enzymes and in vitro susceptibility to oxidative challenge (as measured by glutathione depletion and lipid peroxidation) were compared in two species exhibiting high and low susceptibilities to atherosclerosis, namely japanese quail and rat, respective ... | 1993 | 8451540 |
| lipoprotein and apoprotein profile of japanese quail. | the present study delineated the lipoprotein and apoprotein distribution in japanese quail. quail lipoprotein was composed of three fractions: vldl, d < 1.020; ldl, 1.020 < d < 1.081; hdl, 1.081 < d < 1.210. when animals were fed the cholesterol-free diet, hdl was the predominant form, ldl intermediate, vldl and chylomicron were smallest in amount. feeding of cholesterol induced a marked change in the lipoprotein profile: vldl or chylomicron predominated over hdl and ldl. an apoprotein of 26 kd ... | 1993 | 8461329 |
| experimental candidiasis in japanese quail: pathological changes. | candidiasis was experimentally produced in young japanese quail by oral administration of candida albicans cells. lesions were confined to upper digestive tract with most characteristic changes occurring on the mucosa of crop. no lesions were observed in other tissues of the body. the initial changes in the crop were characterized by thickening and yellowish-white necrotic plaques on the mucosa. from 10th day onwards, there was marked thickening and corrugations of the crop mucosa giving it a ty ... | 1993 | 8469270 |
| the neuroanatomic binding pattern of [125i]atrial natriuretic factor in the japanese quail brain. | application of quantitative autoradiography technique provided a discrete anatomical distribution pattern of the atrial natriuretic factor (anf) in the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, brain. the highest binding levels of [125i]anf were shown to occur in telencephalon areas, such as fasciculus diagonalis brocae (232 fmol/mg protein), septum (194 fmol/mg protein) and olfactory bulb (153 fmol/mg protein), and in posterior sites, such as nucleus interpeduncularis (177 fmol/mg protein), w ... | 1993 | 8506079 |
| ultrastructural study of post-hatching development in the pineal gland of the japanese quail. | the pineal gland of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) retained numerous follicular structures, each of which was composed mostly of pinealocytes and supporting cells radially arranged around the follicular lumen during the first 6 weeks of age. in the pinealocytes, paraboloids and regular stacks of lamellar disks, which were demonstrated at 1 day of age in a previous study [14], rapidly decreased in number after 1 week of age. from 1 to 6 weeks of age, the pinealocytes had more dev ... | 1993 | 8117821 |
| short-latency stressor effects on tonic immobility fear reactions of japanese quail divergently selected for adrenocortical responsiveness to immobilization. | despite evidence for a positive association between adrenocortical activation and fearfulness, the effects of chronic (12 to 20 h) exposure to stressful stimulation on the fear reactions of japanese quail genetically selected for high (hs) or low (ls) plasma corticosterone response to immobilization stress are not straightforward. the present study examined tonic immobility fear responses in quail of both lines that, immediately prior to testing, either had been allowed to remain undisturbed or ... | 1993 | 8321818 |
| activity of cholinesterases in the japanese quail embryo. effects of dichlorphos on the embryonic development. | cholinesterase activity is detectable in the japanese quail embryo, in the yolk and subembryonic liquid, but not in the albumen. obviously, this enzyme is deposited by the hen into the yolk and from there it is transferred to the subembryonic liquid. in contrast, in the embryo the enzyme is synthesized by itself and the amount increases with the age of the embryo. by using bw284c51 1,5-bis-(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)pentan-3-one bromide and iso-ompa tetraisoprophylpyrophosphoramide as inhibi ... | 1993 | 8424827 |
| nitrogen excretion in japanese quail during protein depletion and repletion. | the influence of protein depletion and repletion on the excretion of uric acid, urea, creatinine and free arginine as well as on the activities of xanthine dehydrogenase and arginase in japanese quail was studied. adult cockerels normally fed until the age of 42 days were kept on a protein free diet for 21 days and subsequently for 14 days on the previous normal diet. the control group was fed normal diet for the whole time. in 1-5 days intervals the enzyme activities and the n-metabolites in 24 ... | 1993 | 8585792 |
| [a possible pathway for mitogenic signal transmission during the contact stimulation of the multiplication of cultured cells]. | cultured cells of the japanese quail embryo were labeled with 3h-glucosamine, fixed, suspended and inoculated into built-up cultures of the homologous cells. the transfer of insoluble components of labeled cell surface into the cells of underlaying cell sheet was revealed. a decrease in the cell incubation temperature up to 4 degrees c blocks the process. the exchange of cell surface sites between contacting cells seems to be one of the possible ways of information transmission from one cell int ... | 1993 | 8475579 |
| the influence of dietary protein level on body weight of japanese quail lines selected under high- and low-protein diets. | two experiments were conducted to determine the protein requirement of quail lines (p and t) following selection for increased 4-wk bw under normal-protein (28% cp) and low-protein (20% cp) diets, respectively. quail progeny from generation 39 breeders were fed diets containing 18, 21, 24, and 27% cp from 0 to 5 wk of age in experiment 1, whereas in experiment 2, quail progeny from generation 79 breeders were fed diets containing 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30% cp from 0 to 4 wk of age. quail from the u ... | 1993 | 8321811 |
| immunoelectron microscopic detection of estrogen target cells in the bone marrow of estrogen-treated male japanese quail. | the localization of estrogen receptors (ers) in bone marrow cells was studied immunoelectron microscopically in the femurs of estrogen-treated male japanese quail. the electron-dense reaction product showing er localization was not detected in the bone marrow cells of the male quail. after 48 h of estrogen treatment, nuclear reaction product was observed in many mononuclear cells in the bone marrow. most were located in the marrow stroma, and they were divided into undifferentiated and different ... | 1993 | 8453320 |
| responses to isolation in japanese quail genetically selected for high or low sociality. | the adrenocortical, behavioral, and leucocytic responses to isolation, for 1, 3, or 72 h, of 7-10-day-old japanese quail chicks, of lines selected for high (hsr) or low (lsr) levels of social reinstatement (sr) behavior, were studied. isolation had no effect on plasma corticosterone levels of heterophil/lymphocyte measures in lsr line chicks. conversely, circulating corticosterone levels were increased after 1 h of isolation in the hsr line, although they fell to control levels thereafter. heter ... | 1993 | 8434061 |
| [forms of xanthine oxidoreductase in the tissues of japanese quail]. | the japanese quail tissues--liver, kidney and pancreas were analysed for the presence of forms of xanthine oxidoreductase utilised cofactors nad+, molecular oxygen or artificial acceptor--methylene blue, as well as for the validity of correlation between enzymatic activity and diet protein content. four groups of animals with the experimental diets, the formulae of which are given in tab. i, and control group with a commercial mash were fed for ten days. for enzyme preparation, the rough purific ... | 1993 | 8346616 |
| spermatogenesis in birds. | it is concluded that in the birds which have been studied there is a well-defined, regular cycle of the seminiferous epithelium, and that spermatogenesis involves synchronization of the activities of germ cells within and between successive generations to produce cellular associations of the seminiferous epithelium which are essentially similar to those described in mammals. however, the area of a cellular association is smaller in birds than in most (and probably all) mammals so that numerous c ... | 1993 | 8336978 |
| beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile toxicity in normal and congenitally neurofilament-deficient japanese quails. | morphological effects of a neurotoxin, beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (idpn) were analyzed in normal and congenitally neurofilament (nf)-deficient japanese quails. these quails (6 weeks old) were injected intraperitoneally with idpn (0.2 g/kg body weight) three times every 3 days. they were necropsied at 10 to 12 days after the first injection. in normal quails, axonal swellings were observed histologically in the ventral motoneurons, ventral root, commissura grisea and spinal ganglion in the c ... | 1993 | 8310813 |
| smaller number of large myelinated fibers and focal myelin thickening in mutant quails deficient in neurofilaments. | the peripheral nervous system of a mutant of a japanese quail deficient in neurofilaments (mutant) and of a normal japanese quail (control) was morphometrically evaluated to characterize the morphological findings, especially those of the myelinated fibers of the mutant. in the proximal peroneal nerves, the frequency of the teased myelinated fibers showing the focal myelin thickening was higher in mutant than in control (p < 0.001) without obvious ongoing axonal degeneration and segmental demyel ... | 1993 | 8213082 |
| subtelencephalic visual discrimination in selected lines of japanese quail. | we studied visual discrimination capabilities of the avian brain stem in genetic lines of japanese quail artificially selected for unconditional approach preference for blue, red or an achromatic pattern stimulus. complete telencephalectomy did not abolish approach behavior and visual discrimination. our data indicate that visual feature extraction and motor coordination related to early approach preferences in birds may be mediated by brain stem and thalamic circuitries which do not require inp ... | 1993 | 8477047 |
| persistence of approach response after decerebration in newly hatched quail chicks. | the role of telencephalon in controlling the unconditional approach response was studied in newly hatched japanese quail chicks by lesions. approach to flickering light and a moving object were not diminished by ablation of various telencephalic areas, ranging from caudal forebrain lesions to complete bilateral hemispherectomy. open field activity and tonic immobility were likewise unaffected. results indicated that the neural mediation of unconditional sensory-motor components of imprinting is ... | 1993 | 8511175 |
| evidence that estrogen binding sites are present in bone cells and mediate medullary bone formation in japanese quail. | studies were carried out in japanese quail to characterize the binding of estrogen to bone cells and to determine whether induction of medullary bone by estrogen is mediated by estrogen receptors. first, attempts were made to identify specific, high affinity nuclear binding sites for estrogen with a nuclear exchange assay in oviduct and femora from laying female quail and in liver, kidney, and femora from adult male quail treated with estradiol valerate (2 mg per bird). high-affinity nuclear est ... | 1993 | 8479958 |
| induction of normal cardiovascular development in the vitamin a-deprived quail embryo by natural retinoids. | the biological activity of various natural retinoids and the time "window" when vitamin a activity is required for normal cardiovascular development were examined in vitamin a-deprived japanese quail embryos. the administration of 1 microgram of retinol at the beginning of incubation resulted in normal cardiovascular development in 97% of embryos; retinoic acid was toxic at this dose level. treatment of embryos with 0.1 microgram of all-trans-retinol or 13-cis-retinoic acid at the beginning of i ... | 1993 | 8253275 |
| [the effect of butylhydroxyanisole, an antioxidant, on experimental atherosclerosis in japanese quail]. | the present paper aimed to examine a possible influence of the antioxidant butylhydroxyanisole (bha) on the extent of atherosclerotic changes in coronary arterioles, in arcus aortae, and on the influencing of the extent of myocardial necroses. the model of atherosclerosis was worked out by administering 1% cholesterol diet to japanese quails for the period of 40 days. the above-mentioned changes were examined on histological preparations and they were evaluated morphometrically. quantification a ... | 1993 | 8111863 |
| stimulus control of copulatory behavior in male japanese quail. | the copulatory behavior of sexually experienced male japanese quail was tested using taxidermic models with varying proportions of natural and artificial features. completely artificial models exerted little control over copulatory behavior, and whole natural body models reliably elicited copulatory behavior. in single model presentation tests, a model containing a natural head and neck with an artificial body was as effective in eliciting copulatory behavior as a whole body model, but a model c ... | 1993 | 8479957 |
| neurofilament deficiency in quail caused by nonsense mutation in neurofilament-l gene. | the existence of a neurofilament-deficient mutant of japanese quail was recently documented (yamasaki, h., c. itakura, and m. mizutani. 1991. acta neuropathol. 82:427-434), but the genetic events leading to the neurofilament deficiency have yet to be determined. our molecular biological analyses revealed that the expression of neurofilament-l (nf-l) gene was specifically repressed in neurons of this mutant. to search for mutation(s) responsible for the shutdown of this gene expression, we cloned ... | 1993 | 8468353 |
| the catecholaminergic system of the quail brain: immunocytochemical studies of dopamine beta-hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase. | the distribution of dopamine beta-hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase, two key enzymes in the biosynthesis of catecholamines, was investigated by immunocytochemistry in the brain of male and female japanese quail. cells or fibers showing dopamine beta-hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity were considered to be noradrenergic or adrenergic, while all structures showing only tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity were tentatively considered to be dopaminergic. the major dopaminergic ... | 1993 | 8095939 |
| developmental retardation of the japanese quail embryo under the influence of dexamethasone. | cultured japanese quail embryos were treated with various doses of dexamethasone on day 2 and in part also on day 5. the treatment lead to a significant delay of development. this was demonstrated by means of developmental (growth rate, developmental stage), histological and metabolic (excreted uric acid, protein synthesis) parameters. the effect was intensified when the agent was administered into the subembryonic liquid instead of the albumen. this is due to the fact that a higher dilution is ... | 1993 | 8480074 |
| divergent selection for growth in japanese quail under split and complete nutritional environments. 7. heterosis and combining ability among diallel crosses following twenty-seven generations of selection. | growth patterns of quail lines divergently selected for 4-wk bw under split and complete nutrition environments were investigated utilizing a diallel mating scheme. the design, involving 16 mating combinations, allowed investigation of heterotic effects, reciprocal cross effects, and combining ability. progeny from generation 27 breeders were evaluated in two hatches under both selection diets. heterosis for hatch weight was essentially zero; however, percentage heterosis from high x high crosse ... | 1993 | 8378218 |
| in vitro study of the contractility of the wall of the preovulatory follicle in the japanese quail. | in the present study, we examined in vitro the potassium-induced contractions of isolated parts of the wall of the quail preovulatory follicle through use of an electromagnetic force-length transducer system. we studied longitudinal and transverse strips of the whole wall, of the theca, and of the outer layer (tunica albuginea and surface epithelium). it was observed that force development and shortening of strips of the whole wall and those of the theca are similar. statistical analysis of maxi ... | 1993 | 8373961 |
| amino-acid sequence of the alpha d- and beta-polypeptide chains of the japanese quail hemoglobin. | two hemoglobin components are recognized in the erythrocytes of the adult japanese quail: a major (q-ii) and a minor (q-i) component. we have determined the amino-acid sequence of the alpha d-globin of the minor component and the beta-globin which is common to both components by conventional protein sequence analysis. the sequences of both the alpha d- and the beta-globins showed close homology with those of their counterpart constituents in other avian hemoglobins. proline at position 119 in th ... | 1993 | 8471178 |
| effect of anabolic steroids on new fiber formation and fiber area during stretch-overload. | the efficacy of anabolic steroid treatment to increase the extent of overload-induced new fiber formation and fiber hypertrophy was examined in anterior latissimus dorsi (ald) muscles of japanese quails. adult quails were assigned to a control group (n = 20), which received stretch but no steroid (ns), or a stretch+steroid group (s), which received either nandrolone decanoate (n = 20) or testosterone enanthate (n = 12). steroids were administered at 4.0 mg.kg body wt-1 x day-1. a weight correspo ... | 1993 | 8458803 |
| effects of crf on isolated japanese quails selected for fearfulness and for sociality. | the effects of crf on the behavior and plasma corticosterone levels of isolated japanese quail chicks were determined. doses of 15, 30, and 45 micrograms/kg of crf reduced the number of distress vocalizations emitted during isolation in chicks of a control line. the behavioral responses to a 15 micrograms/kg dose of crf in lines selected either for high (hsr) or low (lsr) level of sociality or for low (sti) or high (lti) fearfulness were compared. crf suppressed vocalizations and increased the n ... | 1993 | 8327589 |
| survival of vitamin d-deficient embryos: time and choice of cholecalciferol or its metabolites for treatment in ovo. | vitamin d-deficient (-d) japanese quail embryos [from hens fed 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(oh)2d3)] die at day 15 of incubation from severe calcium deficiency. single doses of 125 ng cholecalciferol, 600 ng 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [24,25-(oh)2d3], or 100 ng 1,25-(oh)2d3 were found to increase hatchability when injected into eggs prior to incubation. cholecalciferol could be used from 125 to 1,250 ng per egg with no detrimental effects on hatchability, whereas single doses of 1,25 ... | 1993 | 8391690 |
| carcass composition, feed intake, and feed efficiency following long-term selection for four-week body weight in japanese quail. | a study was conducted to determine bw, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcass composition changes following 51 generations of selection for high 4-wk bw in japanese quail. quail lines utilized were the p line selected for high 4-wk bw on a normal 28% cp diet and the unselected base population (c line) from which the p line originated. body weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency data were collected daily from 1 to 28 days, whereas percentage carcass water, ash, protein, and total lipid data ... | 1993 | 8321810 |
| target cells for the isthmo-optic fibers in the retina of the japanese quail. | the isthmo-optic nucleus (ion) is the major origin of the centrifugal fibers projecting to the avian retina. the retinopetal fibers from the ion were labeled with biocytin and examined light- and electron-microscopically in the japanese quail. the terminals were seen on cell bodies in the inner part of the inner nuclear layer. these neurons innervated with the isthmo-optic fibers appear to constitute a separate population different from the 'ordinary' amacrine cells. | 1993 | 8361645 |
| the prevalence and retention of lead pellets in japanese quail. | thirty-six japanese quail (18 control birds, 18 lead-dosed birds) were used. the 18 quail were dosed with #4 lead weight that were orally inserted into the proventriculus. delta-aminolevulunic acid dehydrase (alad) activity in erythrocytes in the dosed quail decreased 90% (p < 0.01) after one week as compared with the undosed quail. this inhibition of alad activity in erythrocytes indicates lead exposure. radiographics were obtained at 0, 1, 4, 9, 22, and 32 days. the lead pellets remained in th ... | 1993 | 8507102 |
| the effect of different levels of dietary lysine on growth and development of a random-bred population of japanese quail (r1) and a subline of r1 selected for increased body weight (hw). | 1. in two experiments, the dietary lysine concentration which supported maximal gain through 14 days of age in a subline of japanese quail selected for 4-week body weight (hw) was higher than that needed by the random-bred population (r1) from which it was initially developed. 2. the lysine concentrations needed to minimize feather depigmentation and maximize breast and leg muscle development were higher in hw quail than in r1 quail. | 1993 | 8099870 |
| activity of ornithine decarboxylase in muscle of japanese quail in hypergravity conditions. | ornithine decarboxylase (odc) is the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of polyamines which are generally required for animal cell proliferation. because of many different stimuli changing the activity of odc, the effect of hypergravity on muscle odc activity in japanese quail was investigated. adult japanese quail cockerels were exposed to 2g in the centrifuge permanently for 96 hours. the activity of odc was determined by radioisotopic method in supernatant of homogenised breast and fibular ... | 1993 | 11538516 |
| experimental modification of vitellogenesis in japanese quail by trypan blue in vivo. | ovaries of adult japanese quails were exposed in vivo to the acid bisazo dye trypan blue (tb) which binds to plasma albumin, the plasma precursor of the yolk protein alpha-livetin. by a combination of fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy alpha-livetin could be localized in the subdroplets of intermediary and yellow yolk spheres. trypan blue alters vitellogenesis in the non-disc region of follicles in rapid growth in a reversible and dose-dependent way. less yolk is produced over 24 h ... | 1993 | 8142041 |
| daily rhythm of plasma insulin in japanese quail (coturnix c. japonica) fed ad libitum. | 1. plasma levels of immuno-reactive insulin (iri) of 6 groups of 5-week-old quail, held on a 16l:8d photoregime, were measured every 4 hr, for 24 hr. 2. concentrations of plasma iri varied during the 24 hr period (anova, p < 0.003). insulin levels were high (mean = 857 pg/ml) from 6 a.m. (light onset) until 6 p.m. (4 hr before light offset) and low (mean = 185 pg/ml) at 10 p.m. and 2 a.m. 3. iri concentrations at 6 a.m., 10 a.m., 2 p.m. and 6 p.m. were significantly different from values at 2 a. ... | 1993 | 8094654 |
| calcium uptake by chorioallantoic membrane: effects of vitamins d and k. | the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) of birds is an epithelial tissue that actively transports large amounts of ca during embryonic development. in this study the effect of vitamins d and k on ca uptake by the cam was studied. four dietary treatments were used to produce eggs that are the following: deficient in vitamins d and k (-d/-k), sufficient in both (+d/+k), or deficient in one and sufficient in the other (-d/+k or +d/-k). vitamin d-deficient (-d) japanese quail embryos (from hens fed 1,25- ... | 1994 | 7810624 |
| the circadian rhythm of thermoregulation in japanese quail. i. role of the eyes and pineal. | japanese quail exhibit a robust circadian rhythm in body temperature. this rhythm is readily entrainable by 24 h light-dark (ld) cycles and persists under constant conditions. because both the pineal organ and the eyes have been implicated as major components of the circadian system of birds, the role of these organs in generating the rhythm of body temperature was investigated. pinealectomy, when performed alone, had little effect on the body temperature rhythm of quail either under ld or under ... | 1994 | 7965924 |
| contractile properties of aged avian muscle after stretch-overload. | the effects of ageing on muscle contractile adaptations to stretch-overload was examined in the anterior latissimus dorsi (ald) muscle of 12 old (90 weeks of age) and 12 young adult (10 weeks of age) japanese quails. a weight corresponding to 12% of the birds' body weight was attached to one wing for 30 days, while the contralateral wing served as the intra-animal control. in vitro contractile measurements were made at 25 degrees c by indirect stimulation of the ald by its nerve (pulse 0.2 ms). ... | 1994 | 8051957 |
| antioxidant status of japanese quail: comparison of atherosclerosis-susceptible and -resistant strains. | to compare levels of antioxidant components of blood and aortic tissue from two strains of japanese quail showing high and low susceptibilities to atherosclerosis and receiving either control or cholesterol-enriched diets. | 1994 | 8143223 |
| hematology and serum biochemistry of japanese quail fed dietary tri-n-butyltin oxide during reproduction. | during a subchronic toxicity and reproduction study with tri-n-butyltin oxide (tbto) concentrations of 0, 24, 60, and 150 mg/kg diet in japanese quail, preliminary data on hematology and serum biochemistry were obtained. the absence of serious effects in blood parameters in both adult quail and developing chicks are discussed in view of the adverse effects of tbto on reproduction. | 1994 | 8311513 |
| centrifugal inputs enhance responses of retinal ganglion cells in the japanese quail without changing their spatial coding properties. | centrifugal fibers originating in the midbrain innervate the avian retina. stimulation of the centrifugal fibers enhances the responses of ganglion cells in the retinas of both chick and pigeon. the enhanced responses have been attributed to disinhibition, a reduction of the inhibitory surround component of the receptive fields of retinal ganglion cells. we found that stimulation of the centrifugal fibers in japanese quail enhances the responses of retinal ganglion cells to drifting sine-wave gr ... | 1994 | 7941415 |
| tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase accumulated in the matrix of developing medullary bone induced by estrogen treatment of male japanese quail. | tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (trap) in medullary bone matrix and bone cells was histochemically examined employing estrogen-induced medullary bone of male japanese quail. within 2 days after estrogen administration, medullary bone matrix was identified and the matrix and osteoblasts were negative for trap activity. osteoclasts showing trap activity were occasionally seen. by 4 days, the projection of medullary bone trabeculae was seen and trap became positive in the deeper part of the bon ... | 1994 | 7976497 |
| effect of reserpine pretreatment on avian erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase activation by isoproterenol. | we studied the action of beta-adrenergic agonists on japanese quail erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (ca) in vitro. earlier we had reported that epinephrine increased ca activity by 14%; the present study focused on an attempt to increase the size of this response. washed erythrocytes from reserpine-treated (1 mg/kg daily i.m. for 3 days) and control birds were incubated for 40 min in the presence of isoproterenol 10(-6) mol/l. the activity of ca expressed as wilbur-anderson units/mg hemoglobin wa ... | 1994 | 7972320 |
| the monoamine content of the brain in the neurofilament-deficient quail, (the quiver quail). | changes in neurotransmission are known to take place in a variety of conditions, such as parkinson's disease. a neurofilament-deficient mutant of the japanese quail, named the quiver quail, exhibits generalized quivering as a clinical sign. the content of monoamines (noradrenaline (na), dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine) and the uptake and release of l-[3h]na were measured in brain of this bird. in quiver, the na content in neostriatum and thalamus, and the 5-hydroxytryptamine content in neostria ... | 1994 | 7820106 |
| comparison of circadian oscillation of melatonin release in pineal cells of house sparrow, pigeon and japanese quail, using cell perfusion systems. | we compared the circadian oscillation of melatonin release from cultured pineal cells in japanese quail, pigeon and house sparrow, to determine whether the pineal gland of these species retains the circadian oscillator function in vitro. after dissociated pineal cells have been cultured for 4 days under 12 h: 12 h light-dark (ld) cycle, they were perfused at a flow rate of 0.25 ml/h for 6-7 days under ld or constant darkness (dd). melatonin release increased during the dark period and low during ... | 1994 | 7922568 |
| alterations in histones of the liver and oviduct of japanese quail during aging. | age-related changes occur in histones of the liver and oviduct of the female quail. in the liver an extra histone band, named hcx, between h2a and h4, is observed that increases with age. in the oviduct, a large complex of histones is seen which is tissue-specific. this complex declines with increasing age. the changes in the histones of the oviduct of adult and old birds in response to estradiol and progesterone are age-related. in the adult, the histone-complex increases after administration o ... | 1994 | 7845393 |
| formulation of a behavior system for sexual conditioning. | empirical and conceptual developments that led to the formulation of a behavior system for the sexual conditioning of male japanese quail are described. initial efforts concentrated on conditioning with localized conditioned stimuli and on identifying behavioral indices of conditioning. later, learning about species-typical cues and about contextual cues was also explored, and it became evident that different types of cues control different aspects of sexual behavior. the results were used to fo ... | 1994 | 24203550 |
| animal model analysis of genetic (co)variances for growth traits in japanese quail. | records of 1,530 japanese quail were used to estimate heritabilities and genetic correlations based on a derivative-free restricted maximum likelihood (reml) method with an animal model and anova. the animal model included fixed effects of hatch and sex, random effects of additive genetic value of the bird, and common environmental effect of the dam. heritabilities estimated from reml for body weights at hatch, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d of age were .38, .12, .31, .12, and .44, respectively. heritabili ... | 1994 | 7877938 |
| [the effect of weightlessness on embryonic development of striated muscles in japanese quail]. | in the conditions of gravitationless state, the development of skeletal muscles and myocardium was identical in experimental, synchronous and laboratory control. there were not larger differences between the investigated groups of animals. myofibrils were in the stage of myofibrillogenesis. they were mostly disarrayed, but they already formed sarcomeres, without marked boundaries between i and a zones. sarcoplasm contained large amounts of ribosomes and polyribosomes. mitochondria were intensive ... | 1994 | 8184522 |
| the effects of sex steroid hormones on the pigment accumulation in the shell gland of japanese quail. | effects of sex steroid hormones on the accumulation of the superficial pigment of the eggshell in the quail shell gland were investigated. in experiment 1, 10 or 20 mg/100 g bw of aminoglutethimide (ag) was injected s.c. into laying quail hens 10 h before the expected ovulation. thirty percent of the hens that received 10 mg/100 g bw and 87% of the hens that received 20 mg/100 g bw failed to ovulate. they had significantly (p < .01) lower concentrations of preovulatory plasma progesterone (p) th ... | 1994 | 8165162 |
| receptor binding in japanese quail selected for long or short tonic immobility. | japanese quail, selectively bred for long (lti) and short (sti) tonic immobility (ti) responses, are thought to represent high and low fear groups, respectively. to study the neurochemical mechanisms underlying the behavioral distinctions, binding parameters were determined at the benzodiazepine, 5-ht1a, 5-ht3, alpha 2, and opioid receptor sites in the forebrains of the two lines. no differences were found in 5-ht1a, 5-ht3, alpha 2, mu- or kappa-opioid receptor binding between the lines. the kd ... | 1994 | 7862716 |