Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt 104 antibiotic resistance genomic island i in serotype paratyphi b. | we have identified salmonella genomic island i (sgi1) in an isolate of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi b. this antibiotic-resistance gene cluster, which confers multidrug resistance, has been previously identified in s. enterica serotype typhimurium phage types dt 104 and dt 120 and in s. enterica serotype agona. | 2002 | 11971780 |
| multiply resistant (mr) salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt 12 and dt 120: a case of mr dt 104 in disguise? | multiresistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium definitive phage type (dt) 12 and dt 120 are more closely related to dt 104 than to non-multiresistant strains of their respective phage types. multiresistant dt 12 and dt 120 appear to have arisen due to changes in phage susceptibility of dt 104 rather than horizontal transfer of resistance genes. | 2002 | 11971781 |
| salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis phage type 4b outbreak associated with bean sprouts. | in november 2000 in the netherlands, an outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis phage type 4b was investigated. eating bean sprouts was the only exposure associated with s. enteritidis pt 4b infection (matched odds ratio 13.0, 95% confidence interval 2.0-552.5). contaminated seeds were the most likely cause of contamination of the sprouts. the sprout grower applied a concentration of hypochlorite solution that was too low for seed disinfection. | 2002 | 11971783 |
| insertions in the anticodon loop of trna1gln(sufg) and trna(lys) promote quadruplet decoding of caaa. | base insertion mutations in the anticodons of two different escherichia coli trnas have been isolated that allow suppression of a series of +1 frameshift mutations. insertion of a u between positions 34 and 35 of trnagln1 or addition of a g between positions 36 and 37 of trna(lys) expand the anticodons of both trnas similarly to 3'-guuu(-5') and allow decoding of complementary 5'-caaa(-3') quadruplets. analysis of the suppressed mrna sequences suggests that suppression occurs by pairing of the e ... | 2002 | 11972336 |
| mg2+ homeostasis and avoidance of metal toxicity. | because mg2+ is required for a wide variety of cellular functions, its intracellular levels must be tightly regulated. in the gram-negative bacterium salmonella enterica, three transporters mediate mg2+ uptake: the p-type atpases mgta and mgtb, whose expression is transcriptionally induced in low mg2+ by the mg2+-regulated phop/phoq two-component system; and cora, whose transcription is regulated neither by the levels of mg2+ nor by the phop/phoq system. we now report that mutants defective in p ... | 2002 | 11972791 |
| salmonella enterica infections in market swine with and without transport and holding. | the objective of this study was to compare, by using identical sample types, the salmonella enterica prevalences and serovar diversities between pigs necropsied on the farm and those necropsied at the abattoir after transport and holding. we necropsied 567 market weight pigs (>70 kg) from six herds. pigs were alternately assigned to be necropsied on the farm or at the abattoir. one-half of the group was sent in clean, disinfected trailers to slaughter at a commercial abattoir. after transport (m ... | 2002 | 11976111 |
| the evolving genome of salmonella enterica serovar pullorum. | salmonella enterica serovar pullorum is a fowl-adapted bacterial pathogen that causes dysentery (pullorum disease). host adaptation and special pathogenesis make s. enterica serovar pullorum an exceptionally good system for studies of bacterial evolution and speciation, especially regarding pathogen-host interactions and the acquisition of pathogenicity. we constructed a genome map of s. enterica serovar pullorum rks5078, using i-ceui, xbai, avrii, and spei and tn10 insertions. pulsed-field gel ... | 2002 | 11976291 |
| identification of two prpdbc gene clusters in corynebacterium glutamicum and their involvement in propionate degradation via the 2-methylcitrate cycle. | genome sequencing revealed that the corynebacterium glutamicum genome contained, besides glta, two additional citrate synthase homologous genes (prpc) located in two different prpdbc gene clusters, which were designated prpd1b1c1 and prpd2b2c2. the coding regions of the two gene clusters as well as the predicted gene products showed sequence identities of about 70 to 80%. significant sequence similarities were found also to the prpbcde operons of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, which a ... | 2002 | 11976302 |
| elevated levels of ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase (panb) lead to a physiologically significant coenzyme a elevation in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | pantothenate is the product of the atp-dependent condensation of pantoate and beta-alanine and is a direct precursor of coenzyme a. a connection exists between pantothenate biosynthesis and thiamine biosynthesis in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium since derivatives of a purf mutant that can grow (on glucose medium) in the absence of thiamine excrete pantothenate. we show here that the causative mutation in three such mutants was the addition of a cg base pair upstream of the panb gene. th ... | 2002 | 11976313 |
| two class ii d-tagatose-bisphosphate aldolases from enteric bacteria. | escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, klebsiella pneumoniaeand klebsiella oxytocawere found to contain two d-tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate (tagbp)-specific aldolases involved in catabolism of galactitol (genes gaty gatz) and of n-acetyl-galactosamine and d-galactosamine (genes kbay kbaz,also called agay agaz). the two aldolases were closely related (> or = 53.8% identical amino acids) and could substitute for each other in vivo. the catalytic subunits gaty or kbay alone were sufficient to show aldo ... | 2002 | 11976750 |
| serotype and phage type distribution of salmonella strains isolated from humans, cattle, pigs, and chickens in the netherlands from 1984 to 2001. | we studied serotypes and phage types of salmonella strains isolated from humans and animals in the netherlands over the period 1984 to 2001. all human strains (n = 59,168) were clinical isolates. the animal strains (n = 65,567) were from clinical and nonclinical infections. all isolates were serotyped, and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and serovar enteritidis strains were further phage typed. the most prevalent serotypes were as follows: in humans, serovars typhimurium and enteritidis; ... | 2002 | 12409362 |
| detection of gyra mutations in quinolone-resistant salmonella enterica by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography. | denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (dhplc) was evaluated as a rapid screening and identification method for dna sequence variation detection in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyra from salmonella serovars. a total of 203 isolates of salmonella were screened using this method. dhplc analysis of 14 isolates representing each type of novel or multiple mutations and the wild type were compared with lightcycler-based pcr-gyra hybridization mutation assay (gama) and sing ... | 2002 | 12409384 |
| increasing genetic diversity of salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates from papua new guinea over the period from 1992 to 1999. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) of xbai-digested chromosomal dna was performed on 133 strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhi obtained from papua new guinea, with the objective of assessing the temporal variation of these strains. fifty-two strains that were isolated in 1992 and 1994 were of one phage type, d2, and only two predominant pfge profiles, x1 and x2, were present. another 81 strains isolated between 1997 and 1999 have shown divergence, with four new phage types, uvs i (n ... | 2002 | 12409390 |
| expanded-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant salmonella strains in romania. | thirteen salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and one salmonella enterica serotype heidelberg strain resistant to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins were isolated from october 2000 to february 2001 from infants with gastroenteritis in iasi, romania. in all but one serotype typhimurium isolate, resistance was due to the production of a cmy-2 cephalosporinase encoded by a nonconjugative plasmid. the remaining isolate produced an shv-5-type beta-lactamase. typing by pulsed-field gel electrophores ... | 2002 | 12409424 |
| the salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium smva, yddg and ompd (porin) genes are required for the efficient efflux of methyl viologen. | in gram-negative bacteria, a subset of inner membrane proteins in the major facilitator superfamily (mfs) acts as efflux pumps to decrease the intracellular concentrations of multiple toxic substrates and confers multidrug resistance. the salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium smva gene encodes a product predicted to be an mfs protein most similar to qaca of staphylococcus aureus. like mutations in qaca, mutations in smva confer increased sensitivity to methyl viologen (mv). mutations in the adjace ... | 2002 | 12410826 |
| molecular and functional analysis of the type iii secretion signal of the salmonella enterica invj protein. | central to the pathogenicity of salmonella enterica is the function of a type iii secretion system (ttss) encoded within a pathogenicity island at centisome 63 (spi-1). an essential component of this system is a supramolecular structure termed the needle complex. proteins to be delivered into host cells possess specific signals that route them to the type iii secretion pathway. in addition, some bacterial proteins have signals that deliver them to the secretion complex to either become their str ... | 2002 | 12410834 |
| salmonella vaccines for use in humans: present and future perspectives. | in recent years there has been significant progress in the development of attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains as candidate typhoid fever vaccines. in clinical trials these vaccines have been shown to be well tolerated and immunogenic. for example, the attenuated s. enterica var. typhi strains cvd 908-htra (aroc arod htra), ty800 (phop phoq) and chi4073 (cya crp cdt) are all promising candidate typhoid vaccines. in addition, clinical trials have demonstrated that s. enterica var. ... | 2002 | 12413664 |
| potential salmonella transmission from ornamental fountains. | besides the usual food and drinking-water vehicles, there are other routes by which salmonella can be transmitted, especially at outdoor locations. public fountains containing salmonella offer models of exposure routes beyond those usually considered in the context of recreational use. the authors studied the bacteriological quality of water sampled from five ornamental fountains in guadalajara, mexico during two periods of six and of 10 months. coliform bacteria and escherichia coli were detect ... | 2002 | 12415885 |
| common themes among bacteriophage-encoded virulence factors and diversity among the bacteriophages involved. | there are common themes among bacteriophage-encoded virulence factors, which include the well-characterized bacterial toxins and proteins that alter antigenicity as well as several new classes of bacteriophage-encoded proteins such as superantigens, effectors translocated by a type iii secretion system, and proteins required for intracellular survival and host cell attachment. these virulence factors are encoded by a diversity of bacteriophages, members of the viral families siphoviridae, podovi ... | 2002 | 12419617 |
| identification of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium genes associated with growth suppression in stationary-phase nutrient broth cultures and in the chicken intestine. | over 2,800 tn 5 insertion mutants of salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium were screened for the loss of ability to suppress the multiplication of a spectinomycin-resistant (spc(r)) but otherwise isogenic s. enterica sv. typhimurium strain, when the spc(r) mutant was added to 24-h lb broth cultures of the mutants. selected "growth non-suppressive" (gns) mutants were defective in respiration (insertions in arca and fnr), amino acid biosynthesis (aroa and arod), nutrient uptake and its regulation (t ... | 2002 | 12420160 |
| antimicrobial-resistant salmonella enterica serovars isolated from chickens in spain. | in order to analyze the antibiotic resistance of salmonella enterica serovars, a total of 112 salmonella strains were tested (54 s. enteritidis, 32 s. typhimurium, 11 s. heidelberg, 7 s. infantis, 4 s. virchow and 4 s. hadar). the bacteria were isolated from 691 samples of frozen and fresh chicken meat. identification of microorganisms and antimicrobial sensitivity testing were undertaken by means of the automated microscan autoscan 4 method (baxter in spain). 45.5% of 112 strains tested were su ... | 2002 | 12420851 |
| quantitative comparison of intestinal invasion of zoonotic serotypes of salmonella enterica in poultry. | the aim of the present study was to compare the invasion of selected zoonotic salmonella serotypes of poultry in an in vivo chicken intestinal loop model and also in vitro in epithelial cell cultures. invasion was measured relative to a reference strain, salmonella typhimurium 4/74 invh201::tnphoa. two serotypes demonstrated intracellular log(10) counts that differed significantly from all other serotypes tested: salmonella enteritidis pt4 being 1.5 log(10) colony forming units (cfu) (31-fold) h ... | 2002 | 12425791 |
| dietary mannan-oligosaccharides and their effect on chicken caecal microflora in relation to salmonella enteritidis colonization. | this study first investigates the effects of mash diet, or mash supplemented with either 2.5% mannose-oligosaccharide (mos) or palm kernel meal (pkm), on the microflora of the hen caecal contents. second, it investigates the effect of caecal contents of hens (hcc) fed mash or mash supplemented with mos or pkm on the major microflora groups of chicks, and their inhibitory effect on salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (pt4) colonization. finally, this study investigates the effect over time of ... | 2002 | 12425792 |
| identification of a nipsnap homologue as host cell target for salmonella virulence protein spic. | salmonella enterica uses a type iii secretion system encoded by spi-2 to target specific virulence factors into the host cytosol of macrophages to inhibit the phagosomal-lysosomal maturation pathway. this ensures survival of salmonella inside its intracellular niche, the salmonella-containing vacuole (scv). one such virulence factor is spic, which was previously shown to interfere with intracellular vesicular trafficking. in this study we have used a yeast two-hybrid assay to identify a nipsnap ... | 2002 | 12427096 |
| salmonella enterica serovar pullorum requires the salmonella pathogenicity island 2 type iii secretion system for virulence and carriage in the chicken. | functional mutations were made in the type iii secretion systems encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi 1) and salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (spi 2) of salmonella enterica serovar pullorum, the cause of pullorum disease in poultry. their role in cell invasion in vitro, and in virulence in vivo was determined. the spi 1 mutant showed decreased invasiveness for chicken cells but was capable of causing disease in orally infected 1-day-old chicks, although it showed some reduction in ... | 2002 | 12427344 |
| specificity of respiratory pathways involved in the reduction of sulfur compounds by salmonella enterica. | the tetrathionate (ttr) and thiosulfate (phs) reductases of salmonella enterica lt2, together with the polysulfide reductase (psr) of wolinella succinogenes, are unusual examples of enzymes containing a molybdopterin active-site cofactor since all formally catalyse sulfur-sulfur bond cleavage. this is in contrast to the oxygen or hydrogen transfer reactions exhibited by other molybdopterin enzymes. here the catalytic specificity of ttr and phs has been compared using both physiological and synth ... | 2002 | 12427953 |
| magnetized carbonyl iron and insoluble zirconium hydroxide mixture facilitates bacterial concentration and separation from nonfat dry milk. | a mixture of magnetized carbonyl iron and insoluble zirconium hydroxide was investigated for its ability to concentrate various foodborne pathogens from 25-ml samples of reconstituted nonfat dry milk. each sample was artificially contaminated with 10(3) to 10(6) cfu/25 ml of representative foodborne pathogens (salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, listeria monocytogenes, and bacillus cereus spores) and processed for bacterial concentration with high-speed centrifugation for the primary concen ... | 2002 | 12430708 |
| evolution of multiresistance in nontyphoid salmonella serovars from 1984 to 1998 in argentina. | molecular evolution of multiresistance in nontyphoid salmonella spp. was investigated with 155 isolates obtained in argentina from 1984 to 1998. in 74 isolates obtained from 1984 to 1988 resistance was associated with the presence of tn3, tn9, class i (in0) and ii (tn7) integrons, and the aac(3)-iia gene. extended-spectrum cephalosporin (esc) resistance in salmonella spp. emerged in 1989, and 81 isolates resistant to at least one esc and one aminoglycoside were collected thereafter. among these, ... | 2002 | 12435702 |
| the salmonella enterica subspecies i specific centisome 7 genomic island encodes novel protein families present in bacteria living in close contact with eukaryotic cells. | we have determined the genetic structure of the salmonella enterica centisome 7 genomic island (sci) located at the aspv loci in s. enterica subspecies i strains. the 47-kb long genomic island encodes 37 putative proteins, including the previously described saf fimbrial operon and the sinr transcriptional regulator. other open reading frames (designated sci a to z) in the island encode putative proteins with homologies to virulence-associated proteins in a number of gram-negative bacteria such a ... | 2002 | 12437215 |
| identification and genetic characterization of pmra-regulated genes and genes involved in polymyxin b resistance in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium encounters antimicrobial peptides (ap) within the phagosomes of professional phagocytes and at intestinal mucosal surfaces. salmonella serovar typhimurium utilizes the two-component regulatory system pmra-pmrb, which is activated in response to the environmental conditions encountered in vivo, to regulate resistance to several ap, including polymyxin b (pm). random mudj transposon mutagenesis was used to identify pmra-pmrb-regulated genes, as well as genet ... | 2002 | 12438352 |
| analysis of salmonella enterica serotype-host specificity in calves: avirulence of s. enterica serotype gallinarum correlates with bacterial dissemination from mesenteric lymph nodes and persistence in vivo. | host and bacterial factors that determine whether salmonella serotypes remain restricted to the gastrointestinal tract or penetrate beyond the mucosa and cause systemic disease remain largely undefined. here, factors influencing salmonella host specificity in calves were assessed by characterizing the pathogenesis of different serotypes. salmonella enterica serotype dublin was highly virulent intravenously, whereas s. enterica serotype choleraesuis was moderately virulent. both serotypes were vi ... | 2002 | 12438354 |
| concomitant cytosolic delivery of two immunodominant listerial antigens by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium confers superior protection against murine listeriosis. | during its interaction with host cells, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium employs a type iii secretion system for cytosolic targeting of virulence factors. this protein translocation mechanism is a useful tool for heterologous antigen delivery by attenuated salmonella vaccine carrier strains. in the present study, we used the yersinia outer protein e (yope) as a carrier molecule for salmonella type iii-dependent cytosolic delivery of the immunodominant cd8 t-cell antigens listeriolysin o ( ... | 2002 | 12438393 |
| genetic requirements for salmonella-induced cytopathology in human monocyte-derived macrophages. | infection of human macrophages with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium or salmonella enterica serovar dublin produces delayed cytotoxicity characterized by cell detachment and associated apoptosis. using a site-specific mutant in the spvb active site, we verify that the adp-ribosylation activity of spvb is required for delayed cytotoxicity in human macrophages infected with salmonella: sipb and the type iii protein secretion system (ttss) encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1) ... | 2002 | 12438395 |
| host-pathogen interactions: host resistance factor nramp1 up-regulates the expression of salmonella pathogenicity island-2 virulence genes. | nramp1 (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein-1; also known as slc11a1) is a host resistance gene that provides protection against several intracellular pathogens, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. little is known about the dynamic interplay that occurs between mammalian host resistance determinants such as nramp1 and pathogens during infection. to explore these interactions, we examined the effect of nramp1 on expression of salmonella typhimurium (stm) virulence fact ... | 2002 | 12441401 |
| cuid is a crucial gene for survival at high copper environment in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | copper ion is an essential micronutrient but it is also extremely cytotoxic when it exists in excess. our studies have shown that salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium can survive potentially lethal copper exposures by the way of copper efflux system. a copper ion inducible gene was identified in virulent s. typhimurium by using the technique of mudj (km, lac)-directed laczya operon fusions. a copper ion inducible strain lf153 (cuid::mudj) has been identified. the cuid mutant exhibits a copper ... | 2002 | 12442888 |
| the cysteine desulfurase iscs is required for synthesis of all five thiolated nucleosides present in trna from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | deficiency of a modified nucleoside in trna often mediates suppression of +1 frameshift mutations. in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain tr970 (hisc3737), which requires histidine for growth, a potential +1 frameshifting site, ccc-caa-uaa, exists within the frameshifting window created by insertion of a c in the hisc gene. this site may be suppressed by peptidyl-trnaprocmo5ugg (cmo(5)u is uridine-5-oxyacetic acid), making a frameshift when decoding the near-cognate codon ccc, provide ... | 2002 | 12446633 |
| ribosylnicotinamide kinase domain of nadr protein: identification and implications in nad biosynthesis. | nad is an indispensable redox cofactor in all organisms. most of the genes required for nad biosynthesis in various species are known. ribosylnicotinamide kinase (rnk) was among the few unknown (missing) genes involved with nad salvage and recycling pathways. using a comparative genome analysis involving reconstruction of nad metabolism from genomic data, we predicted and experimentally verified that bacterial rnk is encoded within the 3' region of the nadr gene. based on these results and previ ... | 2002 | 12446641 |
| repression of glutamate dehydrogenase formation in klebsiella aerogenes requires two binding sites for the nitrogen assimilation control protein, nac. | in klebsiella aerogenes, the gdha gene codes for glutamate dehydrogenase, one of the enzymes responsible for assimilating ammonia into glutamate. expression of a gdhap-lacz transcriptional fusion was strongly repressed by the nitrogen assimilation control protein, nac. this strong repression (>50-fold under conditions of severe nitrogen limitation) required the presence of two separate nac binding sites centered at -89 and +57 relative to the start of gdha transcription. mutants lacking either o ... | 2002 | 12446647 |
| influence of enrofloxacin and chloramphenicol on the level of igy in serum and egg yolk after immunostimulation of hens with salmonella enteritidis antigens. | in the chicken, maternal antibodies are transferred into the egg and subsequently transported into the developing embryo. igg (called igy) is the primary immunoglobulin isotype of the egg yolk. their level in serum depends on the correct function of immunological system in laying hens. many factors have a direct or indirect influence on antibody level in fowl. one of them is a commonly used antibiotic, but its influence on avian immune system is still unknown. the objective of the study was to d ... | 2002 | 12448078 |
| [report on salmonella nomenclature of judicial commission during iums general meeting in paris]. | 2002 | 12448841 | |
| early epithelial invasion by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 in the swine ileum. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is an important intestinal pathogen in swine. this study was performed to document the early cellular invasion of salmonella serovar typhimurium in swine ileum. ileal gut-loops were surgically prepared in ten 4- to 5-week-old mixed-breed pigs and inoculated for 0-60 minutes. loops were harvested and prepared for both scanning and transmission electron microscopy (sem and tem, respectively). preferential bacterial adherence to microfold cells (m cells) was ... | 2002 | 12450202 |
| bile stress response in listeria monocytogenes lo28: adaptation, cross-protection, and identification of genetic loci involved in bile resistance. | bile is one of many barriers that listeria monocytogenes must overcome in the human gastrointestinal tract in order to infect and cause disease. we demonstrated that stationary-phase cultures of l. monocytogenes lo28 were able to tolerate concentrations of bovine, porcine, and human bile and bile acids well in excess of those encountered in vivo. strain lo28 was relatively bile resistant compared with other clinical isolates of l. monocytogenes, as well as with listeria innocua, salmonella enter ... | 2002 | 12450822 |
| salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype typhimurium and escherichia coli o86 in wild birds at two garden sites in south-west scotland. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype typhimurium and escherchia coli o86:k61:nm are two bacteria that can cause outbreaks of mortality in garden birds visiting bird tables and other feeding stations. two sites in south-west scotland were monitored for the two organisms for 12 months. at site a, large numbers of birds fed throughout the year, and at site b smaller numbers of birds fed only in the winter months. samples of composite faeces were collected from the feeding stations and s ... | 2002 | 12452355 |
| molecular diversity of the genetic loci responsible for lipopolysaccharide core oligosaccharide assembly within the genus salmonella. | the waa locus on the chromosome of salmonella enterica encodes enzymes involved in the assembly of the core oligosaccharide region of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecule. to date, there are two known core structures in salmonella, represented by serovars typhimurium (subspecies i) and arizonae (subspecies iiia). the waa locus for serovar typhimurium has been characterized. here, the corresponding locus from serovar arizonae is described, and the molecular basis for the distinctive structures i ... | 2002 | 12453217 |
| multiple genetic typing of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates of different phage types (dt104, u302, dt204b, and dt49) from animals and humans in england, wales, and northern ireland. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is a common cause of salmonellosis among humans and animals in england, wales, and northern ireland. phage types dt104 and u302 were the most prevalent types in both livestock and humans in 2001. in addition, salmonella serotype typhimurium dt204b was responsible for a recent international outbreak involving england. a total of 119 isolates from humans (n = 28) and animals or their environment (n = 91), belonging to dt104 (n = 66), u302 (n = 33), dt204b ( ... | 2002 | 12454135 |
| molecular characterization of cephalosporin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype newport isolates from animals in pennsylvania. | multidrug-resistant (mdr) strains of salmonella enterica serotype newport have been described for many years. however, the recognition of newport strains with resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics is more recent. plasmid-mediated cmy-2 ampc beta-lactamases have been identified in salmonella in the united states, and the bla(cmy-2) gene has been shown to be present in salmonella serotype newport. this organism is currently undergoing epidemic spread in both animals and humans in the united stat ... | 2002 | 12454172 |
| combined application of simulated reuse and quantitative carrier tests to assess high-level disinfection: experiments with an accelerated hydrogen peroxide-based formulation. | heat-sensitive medical devices require chemical disinfection between patients, and certain formulations for this purpose can be reused for several days. because dilution, evaporation, and breakdown or neutralization of active ingredients can occur during reuse, it is vital to ensure that the solution retains its broad-spectrum germicidal activity even at the end of the recommended reuse period. | 2002 | 12461509 |
| results of a 5-year prospective surveillance study of antibiotic resistance among salmonella enterica isolates and ceftriaxone therapy among children hospitalized for acute diarrhea. | the spread of resistant salmonella strains continues to increase worldwide. it is necessary to establish epidemiologic information to determine an appropriate empiric antibiotic regimen (when indicated) in infants and children with suspected salmonella infections for whom the results of susceptibility tests are not yet available. | 2002 | 12462288 |
| alive but non-infectious. | 2002 | 12467699 | |
| identification of the gene responsible for the cblb complementation group of vitamin b12-dependent methylmalonic aciduria. | the methylmalonic acidurias are metabolic disorders resulting from deficient methylmalonyl-coa mutase activity, a vitamin b(12)-dependent enzyme. we have cloned the gene for the cblb complementation group caused by deficient activity of a cob(i)alamin adenosyltransferase. this was accomplished by searching bacterial genomes for genes in close proximity to the methylmalonyl-coa mutase gene that might encode a protein with the properties of an adenosyltransferase. a candidate was identified in the ... | 2002 | 12471062 |
| oxidation of propionate to pyruvate in escherichia coli. involvement of methylcitrate dehydratase and aconitase. | the pathway of the oxidation of propionate to pyruvate in escherichia coli involves five enzymes, only two of which, methylcitrate synthase and 2-methylisocitrate lyase, have been thoroughly characterized. here we report that the isomerization of (2s,3s)-methylcitrate to (2r,3s)-2-methylisocitrate requires a novel enzyme, methylcitrate dehydratase (prpd), and the well-known enzyme, aconitase (acnb), of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. acnb was purified as 2-methylaconitate hydratase from e. coli ce ... | 2002 | 12473114 |
| co-localization of quantitative trait loci regulating resistance to salmonella typhimurium infection and specific antibody production phenotypes. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is a facultative intracellular bacteria that induces systemic infection in mice. resistance to this pathogen is under polygenic control in which nramp1 is the major gene involved. lines of mice obtained by selective breeding for high (hiii) or low (liii) antibody response to flagellar antigens of salmonellae showed significant susceptibility differences, although both the lines display nramp1(r) alleles. the hiii line was extremely susceptible to infectio ... | 2002 | 12475631 |
| phage mediated horizontal transfer of the sope1 gene increases enteropathogenicity of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium for calves. | epidemiological evidence shows that the sope1 gene is associated with salmonella typhimurium phage types causing epidemics in cattle. in this study we demonstrate that horizontal transfer of the sope1 gene by lysogenic conversion with the sopephi increased enteropathogenicity of s. typhimurium in the bovine ligated ileal loop model. these data support the hypothesis that phage mediated horizontal transfer of the sope1 gene contributes to the emergence of epidemic cattle-associated s. typhimurium ... | 2002 | 12480111 |
| o-antigen expression in salmonella enterica serovar typhi is regulated by nitrogen availability through rpon-mediated transcriptional control of the rfah gene. | the authors previously reported increased expression of the salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) rfah gene when the bacterial cells reach stationary phase. in this study, using a lacz fusion to the rfah promoter region, they demonstrate that growth-dependent regulation of rfah expression occurs at the level of transcription initiation. it was also observed that production of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) o-antigen by s. typhi ty2 correlated with the differential expression of rfah during ... | 2002 | 12480883 |
| sir2-dependent activation of acetyl-coa synthetase by deacetylation of active lysine. | acetyl-coenzyme a (coa) synthetase (acs) is an enzyme central to metabolism in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. acs synthesizes acetyl coa from acetate, adenosine triphosphate, and coa through an acetyl-adenosine monophosphate (amp) intermediate. immunoblotting and mass spectrometry analysis showed that salmonella enterica acs enzyme activity is posttranslationally regulated by acetylation of lysine-609. acetylation blocks synthesis of the adenylate intermediate but does not affect the thioester-form ... | 2002 | 12493915 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella serotypes in patients from ribeirão preto, são paulo, brazil, between 1985 and 1999. | salmonella strains isolated from 1,138 samples representing 28,199 biological materials (stool, urine, blood and other fluids), collected between january 1985 and january 1999 at a reference university hospital in ribeirão preto, são paulo, brazil, were studied. the most frequently detected serotypes were salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype 4,5,12:i:- (s. i 4,5,12:i:) (21.2%), s. agona (15.8%) and s. enteritidis (11.3%). a changing pattern of salmonella serotypes was observed betwee ... | 2002 | 12495606 |
| cytopathic effects observed upon expression of a repressed collagenase gene present in salmonella and related pathogens: mimicry of a cytotoxin from multiple antibiotic-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium phagetype dt104. | recently, we reported that certain strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium phagetype dt104 (dt104) secrete a putative cytotoxin. while searching for the gene that encodes this toxin, we noted a previously reported but uncharacterized dna fragment (clg) in salmonella that could be potentially relevant to cytotoxin-like activity. therefore, we cloned and expressed clg in cytotoxin-negative escherichia coli and salmonella and subsequently assessed the bioactivity of clg in vitro and in v ... | 2002 | 12495674 |
| [community-acquired bacterial infections]. | corticosteroids in bacterial meningitis: a randomised multicentre study on meningitis in adults versus a placebo showed significant benefits of corticoids in terms of reduction in mortality and neurological complications. these results were essentially observed in pneumococcal infections. the interest in monitoring blood cultures: several works on staphylococcus aureus bacteremia have confirmed the necessity of monitoring hemocultures, 48-72 hours following initiation of treatment. the persisten ... | 2002 | 12497721 |
| isolated splenic infarction owing to group b salmonella: case report. | the clinical spectrum of extra-intestinal salmonellosis, comprising enteric fever and invasive infections owing to non-typhoidal salmonellae, is well known. we report an otherwise healthy patient with isolated splenic infarction caused by group b salmonella. she was seropositive for the o antigen of salmonella group b and stool cultures were positive for group b salmonellae. after appropriate antimicrobial therapy, her complaints disappeared and microbiological tests for salmonellae became negat ... | 2002 | 12530289 |
| the acrb multidrug transporter plays a major role in high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium phage type dt204. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium phage type dt204 strains isolated from cattle and animal feed in belgium were characterized for high-level fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms [mics to enrofloxacin (enr) and ciprofloxacin (cip), 64 and 32 microg/ml, respectively]. these strains isolated during the periods 1991-1994, and in 2000 were clonally related as shown by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). selected strains studied carried several mutations in the quinolone target genes, i.e. ... | 2002 | 12523625 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of food animal isolates of salmonella with reduced sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. | reports of nontyphoidal salmonella enterica subsp. enterica showing reduced sensitivity to ciprofloxacin (rsc) have increased rapidly during the past decade. infection in humans with salmonella possessing rsc may compromise the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin therapy. nineteen among 4,357 salmonella strains isolated from food animals in canada from 1998 to 1999 showed rsc; 17 were from turkeys and 2 from chickens. all were resistant to nalidixic acid and sulfisoxazole and possessed rsc at a level ... | 2002 | 12523636 |
| antimicrobial resistance of salmonella serotypes isolated from slaughter-age pigs and environmental samples. | the aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of salmonella strains isolated from slaughter-age pigs and environmental samples collected at modern swine raising facilities in brazil. seventeen isolates of six serotypes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica were isolated out of 1,026 collected samples: salmonella typhimurium (1), salmonella agona (5), salmonella sandiego (5), salmonella rissen (1), salmonella senftenberg (4), and salmonella javiana (1). resistance ... | 2002 | 12523640 |
| regulation of capsule synthesis and cell motility in salmonella enterica by the essential gene igaa. | mutants of salmonella enterica carrying the igaa1 allele, selected as able to overgrow within fibroblast cells in culture, are mucoid and show reduced motility. mucoidy is caused by derepression of wca genes (necessary for capsule synthesis); these genes are regulated by the rcsc/yojn/rcsb phosphorelay system and by the rcsa coregulator. the induction of wca expression in an igaa1 mutant is suppressed by mutations in rcsa and rcsc. reduced motility is caused by lowered expression of the flagella ... | 2002 | 12524328 |
| structural and biological characterization of highly purified hepta-acyl lipid a present in the lipopolysaccharide of the salmonella enterica sv. minnesota re deep rough mutant strain r595. | one major component of the salmonella enterica sv. minnesota re deep rough mutant (strain r595) lipopolysaccharide is hepta-acyl lipid a (la(hepta)). in a recent publication [tanamoto k-i, azumi s. salmonella-type heptaacylated lipid a is inactive and acts as an antagonist of lipopolysaccharide action on human line cells. j immunol 2000; 164: 3149-3156] the corresponding synthetic hepta-acyl lipid a (compound 516) was reported to be agonistically inactive but to rather suppress pro-inflammatory ... | 2002 | 12537693 |
| characterization of a highly attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium mutant strain. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium atcc 13311 is virulent at a dose as low as 10(2) colony-forming units when administered intraperitoneally to balb/c mice. in order to develop highly attenuated mutant strain through the combination of 2 phenotypically attenuated markers, we constructed a number of amino acid requiring auxotrophic strains of s. enterica serovar typhimurium by means of uv-induced mutations. one of them, strain ndmc-b1, was highly attenuated for mice, with an ld50-value of 6 ... | 2002 | 12542248 |
| a statewide outbreak of salmonella bovismorbificans phage type 32 infection in queensland. | between 30 may and 1 june 2001, 10 cases of salmonella bovismorbificans infection were reported to public health services, queensland health. investigations included enhanced surveillance, case interviews, a matched case control study, environmental audit and microbiological testing of faecal isolates (phage typing) and implicated food products. forty-one cases of s. bovismorbificans infection were detected, 36 cases were phage type 32. a matched case control study identified that illness was as ... | 2002 | 12549525 |
| [antimicrobial resistance of clinical strains of salmonella enterica isolated in zaragoza]. | in order to identify any changes in the incidence of salmonella enterica serotypes and their resistance to a variety of antimicrobial agents, we conducted a retrospective study of all the strains isolated from stool samples at hospital clínico universitario lozano blesa in zaragoza from 1997 to 2000. we observed an increase in the number of isolates of salmonella and campylobacter and a decrease in other enteropathogens. enteritidis was the most frequently isolated serotype (55.2%), showing an i ... | 2002 | 12582444 |
| isolation of salmonella enterica serotype worthington from empyema fluid. | 2002 | 12725213 | |
| occurrence of salmonella enterica serovar dublin in austria. | in austria, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar dublin, a bovine-adapted serovar, rarely causes infections in humans. in 2000, austria was within the european mean with an incidence of 0.1 per million inhabitants. our data show that the vast majority of all serovar dublin infections (human and non-human) can be traced epidemiologically to two districts in the tyrol. this concentration of cases can be explained by a particularly traditional aspect of cattle farming in this area, the alpin ... | 2002 | 12631940 |
| collaborative investigation of an outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype newport in england and wales in 2001 associated with ready-to-eat salad vegetables. | in june 2001, as part of a microbiological study of bagged, ready-to-eat salad products, salmonella enterica serotype newport was isolated from a sample of pre-packed green salad distributed by a major supermarket retailer. the strain was characterised by phage typing, plasmid profile typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. other isolates of s. newport from cases of human infection in england and wales in the first six months of 2001 were similarly characterised. of 60 strains from cases of ... | 2002 | 12564245 |
| osteomyelitis associated with salmonella enterica ss arizonae in a colony of ridgenose rattlesnakes (crotalus willardi). | the identification of three arizona ridgenose rattlesnakes (crotalus willardi) with salmonella arizonae-associated osteomyelitis led to a 5-yr prospective study of radiographic signs and salmonella intestinal carriage rates in a 19-member colony of this rattlesnake species. ventrodorsal radiographs were performed and cloacal swabs were cultured for salmonella spp. annually. ten snakes survived the 5-yr period, with six of them remaining free of bony lesions. three snakes that had no bony lesions ... | 2002 | 12564525 |
| evaluation of guinea pig model for experimental salmonella serovar abortusequi infection in reference to infertility. | the present study conclusively revealed the role for salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar abortusequi in conception failure. none of the 12 guinea pigs conceived when orally exposed to sublethal dose of the pathogen during breeding, while 66.67% of animals in control group were found pregnant during same period of observation under similar conditions. salmonella carrier animals also had drastic reduction in conception rate (16.67%). during mid pregnancy, s. abortusequi exposure to gui ... | 2002 | 12635699 |
| molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated in taiwan. | incidence of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis infection seems to be on the rise in taiwan, and therefore, the characteristics of the isolate, including genotypes, were epidemiologically investigated. of the 71 clinical strains isolated in 1997-1999, 61 (86%) remained susceptible to the eight antibiotics tested, while the remaining ten, eight of which were isolated in 1999, were resistant to one to three of the agents including three multiply resistant strains. the majority, 69 or 97% of t ... | 2002 | 12597357 |
| development of a mucosal complex vaccine against oral salmonella infection in mice. | we examined the immunogenicity of a salmonella enterica complex vaccine (cv), consisting of flagellin and polysome purified from serotype typhimurium lt2. cv plus cholera toxin (ct), in three oral doses given at 7-day intervals, conferred complete protection on c57bl/6 mice against lethal oral infection with a wild-type strain. it elicited mucosal iga > igg2a > igg1 and systemic igg2a > igg1 > iga antibodies to flagellin and polysome, and delayed footpad response (dfr) to both antigens. in peyer ... | 2002 | 12597365 |
| phylogenetic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated from food poisoning outbreaks and sporadic infections in 2001-2002 in hyogo prefecture: existent of predominant genotypes in the epidemic. | 2002 | 12606832 | |
| cloning and characterization of an iron regulated locus, iroa, in salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis. | to identify genes belonging to the ferric update regulator (fur) regulon of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis, the fur titration assay (furta) was used to screen a genomic library for fur promoters and iron-regulated genes. fifteen furta positive clones were identified from this assay. dna sequence analysis of these clones showed that 11 out of 15 clones had a fur binding site (fur box), and 6 of these clones showed homology to the iron-regulated genes of s. enterica serovar typhi and/or ... | 2002 | 12652904 |
| [diagnostic difficulties in febrile travellers returning from the tropics. two cases of typhoid fever imported from india]. | typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease caused by salmonella enterica serotype typhi. the infection is responsible for endemic or epidemic outbreaks in tropical and subtropical countries, especially in indian subcontinent, southeast asia, central and south africa. latin america, and it occurs sporadically in poland. we reported two cases of imported typhoid fever after travelling to india and nepal. in the tourists returning from the area hyperendemic for malaria, visceral leishmaniosis, am ... | 2002 | 12666454 |
| relationship between sample weight, homogeneity, and sensitivity of fecal culture for salmonella enterica. | when testing for organisms such as salmonella enterica in an aliquot taken from a sample of feces, the sensitivity of the procedure is considerably higher if the organisms are randomly distributed in the feces than if the same concentration of organisms is in random clusters. however, dispersing the clusters (by homogenizing the sample before taking the aliquot) increases the sensitivity. the increase depends on the weight of the fecal sample taken. | 2002 | 12680646 |
| [phage types and plasmid profiles of plasmid dna strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in 2001]. | salmonella enteritidis strains are the most often isolated salmonella serovar in poland. in the present study, phage typing, antibiotic resistance testing and plasmid profile analysis, have been applied to characterise 41 polish s. enteritidis isolates originated from human cases of salmonellosis and from other sources. the typing phages of ward and colleagues scheme were used to type a total of 41 s. enteritidis strains coming from poland. all 41 strains were typable and 5 different phage types ... | 2002 | 12650055 |
| immunological characterization of the campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 cjad gene product and its fusion with b subunit of e. coli lt toxin. | campylobacter jejuni 72dz/92 cjad gene, orthologue of c. jejuni nctc 11168 cj0113, c. jejuni m275 omp18 and c. jejuni atcc 29428 omp18, has been cloned, sequenced and analysed from the viewpoint of its immunological attributes. neither the 5' nor 3' fragment of the cjad encodes protein capable of reacting with anti-campylobacter antibodies. several fusions of the cjad with eltb, which encodes b subunit of the e. coli lt toxin, have been constructed. the hybrid proteins, which differ in respect t ... | 2002 | 12708820 |
| ceftriaxone-resistant salmonella enterica serovar hadar: evidence for interspecies transfer of blacmy-2 in a taiwanese university hospital. | the emergence of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in salmonellae is an increasing clinical problem. we report the characteristics of a ceftriaxone-resistant salmonella enterica serovar hadar strain collected in 2001 from a patient with a postoperative wound infection in a university hospital in taiwan. resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins was found to be due to production of the plasmid-mediated cmy-2 ampc beta-lactamase. to our knowledge, this is the first report of s. h ... | 2002 | 12645197 |
| salmonella enterica in reptiles of german and austrian origin. | captive reptiles are routinely identified as reservoirs of salmonella spp. and the number of reports about reptile-associated salmonellosis is increasing. in the present study, salmonella were detected in 86 of 159 (54.1%) faecal reptile samples cultured. the percentage of salmonella positive samples was significantly lower in turtles as compared with lizards and snakes, as salmonella were only detected in one sample from a single turtle out of 38 turtles investigated. in all, 42 different salmo ... | 2002 | 11731161 |
| polymerase chain reaction detection of invasive shigella and salmonella enterica in food. | 2002 | 11692869 | |
| influence of mutation frequency on the persistence of salmonella enterica serotypes in natural waters. | abstract in aquatic environments, the survival of pathogenic microorganisms, such as salmonella spp., may represent a risk to public health. the mutation frequency was hypothesized to influence the persistence of salmonella serotypes in environmental waters. the mean mutation frequency to rifampin resistance of the 11 major serotypes of salmonella enterica isolated from the tech river (pyrénées-orientales, france) was determined. then, a comparison of the survival of three serotypes holding diff ... | 2002 | 19709246 |
| [enteric salmonella pancarditis. diagnosis of site by examination with 67gallium]. | 2003 | 12646101 | |
| comparison of the genome sequences of listeria monocytogenes and listeria innocua: clues for evolution and pathogenicity. | listeria monocytogenes, an invasive opportunistic, food-borne pathogen, remains one of the leading causes of mortality from food-borne infections. the recently determined complete genome sequences of l. monocytogenes strain egde and of that of the closely related non-pathogenic species listeria innocua strain clip11262 enhance our knowledge of the genetic basis of the virulence of l. monocytogenes and advance our understanding of the evolution of these listeria species. both genomes encode a hig ... | 2003 | 12648839 |
| enterobacterial adhesins and the case for studying snps in bacteria. | single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in structural genes can have a dramatic effect on the biology of whole organisms, from bacteria and viruses to mammals. here, we underscore the importance of snps in bacterial genes that contribute to the ability of pathogens to cause disease. snps that confer an adaptive advantage for bacterial pathogens have been discovered in the genes encoding the fimh and dr adhesins of escherichia coli and, most recently, salmonella enterica sv. typhimurium fimh. | 2003 | 12648942 |
| neuromodulation of enteropathogen internalization in peyer's patches from porcine jejunum. | jejunal peyer's patches (jpp) are innervated sites of immune induction and enteropathogen infection. we investigated the role of enteric nerves in modulating pathogen entry into porcine jpp. presumptive norepinephrine (ne)-containing nerve fibers were localized in jpp domes and follicle-associated villi by secondary immunofluorescence histochemistry. ne or the neuronal conduction blocker saxitoxin increased intracellular internalization of pathogenic salmonella choleraesuis and escherichia coli ... | 2003 | 12965256 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility, phage typing and plasmid profile of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a strains isolated in kuwait. | to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility, phage type and plasmid profile pattern of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a strains isolated in kuwait. | 2003 | 12966199 |
| phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of polyhydroxy compounds by class a bacterial acid phosphatases. | nonspecific acid phosphatases share a conserved active site with mammalian glucose-6-phosphatases (g6pase). in this work we examined the kinetics of the phosphorylation of glucose and dephosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate (g6p) catalysed by the acid phosphatases from shigella flexneri (phon-sf) and salmonella enterica (phon-se). phon-sf is able to phosphorylate glucose regiospecifically to g6p, glucose-1-phosphate is not formed. the k(m) for glucose using pyrophosphate (ppi) as a phosphate do ... | 2003 | 12968332 |
| genetic diversity of human isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in malaysia. | the study was undertaken to determine clonal relationship and genetic diversity of the human strains of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolated from 1995 to 2002 from different parts of malaysia. | 2003 | 12969291 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and occurrence of resistance genes among salmonella enterica serovar weltevreden from different countries. | this study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance among salmonella weltevreden isolates from different sources in south-east asia (indonesia, laos, malaysia, taiwan, thailand, vietnam), australia, denmark, new zealand and the usa. | 2003 | 12972453 |
| persistence of salmonellae in blood and bone marrow: randomized controlled trial comparing ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol treatments against enteric fever. | we performed a randomized controlled trial involving 55 adult patients with enteric fever to compare ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. blood and bone marrow cultures and cytokine profiles during therapy were done to compare the clinical and bacteriological efficacies of these drugs. all patients were randomly assigned to receive chloramphenicol (500 mg four times a day orally) for 14 days or ciprofloxacin (500 mg twice a day orally) for 7 days. in each treatment group, patients were subsequentl ... | 2003 | 12709347 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of rhodococcus equi and other common equine pathogens to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and 20 other antimicrobials. | the objective of this study was to determine in vitro activities of azithromycin (azm), clarithromycin (clr), and 20 other antimicrobial agents against rhodococcus equi and other common equine bacterial pathogens. a total of 201 bacterial isolates from various equine clinical samples were examined. clr was more active than azm against r. equi, with mics at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited of 0.12 and 1.0 micro g/ml, respectively. other antimicrobial agents highly active against at least ... | 2003 | 12709351 |
| nalidixic acid-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhi with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin caused treatment failure: a report from bangladesh. | 2003 | 12711825 | |
| salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in table egg layer house environments and in mice in u.s. layer houses and associated risk factors. | prevalence was estimated for salmonella enterica serotype eneritidis (se) in layer house environments (n = 200 layer houses) and house mice (n = 129 layer houses) in 15 states throughout the united states. environmental swabs were collected from manure, egg belts, elevators, and walkways. live-catch rodent traps were placed for 4-7 days. swabs and house mice were submitted to the laboratory for bacterial culture. overall, 7.1% of layer houses and 3.7% of mice were culture positive for se. the hi ... | 2003 | 12713168 |
| the role of disinfectant resistance of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in recurring infections in pennsylvania egg quality assurance program monitored flocks. | the pennsylvania egg quality assurance program (peqap) has made major gains in the reduction of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (s. enteritidis). however, s. enteritidis continues to be a major food safety concern for the commercial egg laying industry. despite intensive control efforts through peqap, some commercial egg layer houses still remain positive for s. enteritidis. the primary objective of this study was to determine whether s. enteritidis isolates obtained from historically e ... | 2003 | 12713169 |
| role of lipid-mediated signal transduction in bacterial internalization. | receptor-mediated phagocytosis normally represents an important first line of immune defence. invading microbes are internalized into phagosomes and are typically killed by exposure to a battery of microbicidal agents. to some intracellular pathogens, however, receptor-mediated phagocytosis represents an opportunity to access a protected niche within the host cell. another type of intracellular pathogen, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and shigella flexneri, invade host cells i ... | 2003 | 12713488 |
| intracellular activity of fosfomycin against two distinct enteropathogenic bacteria, salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes, alive inside host cells. | we studied the effect of fosfomycin (fom) on the intracellular growth of two different facultative intracellular bacteria, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes, in an enterocyte-like cell line, caco-(2). these bacteria replicate in different compartments within the host cells; salmonella serovar typhimurium grow inside phagosomes, whereas l. monocytogenes escape the phagosomal environment and multiply in the cytosol of the host cells. at concentrations equal to 0.25 ... | 2003 | 12714811 |
| identification of a cross-reactive epitope widely present in lipopolysaccharide from enterobacteria and recognized by the cross-protective monoclonal antibody wn1 222-5. | septic shock due to infections with gram-negative bacteria is a severe disease with a high mortality rate. we report the identification of the antigenic determinants of an epitope that is present in enterobacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) and recognized by a cross-reactive monoclonal antibody (mab wn1 222-5) regarded as a potential means of treatment. using whole lps and a panel of neoglycoconjugates containing purified lps oligosaccharides obtained from escherichia coli core types r1, r2, r3, ... | 2003 | 12716894 |