Publications

variable effects of soman on macromolecular secretion by ferret trachea.	the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the anticholinesterase agent, soman, on macromolecular secretion by ferret trachea, in vitro. we mounted pieces of ferret trachea in ussing-type chambers. secreted sulfated macromolecules were radiolabeled by adding 500 microci of 35so4 to the submucosal medium and incubating for 17 hr. soman added to the submucosal side produced a concentration-dependent increase in radiolabeled macromolecular release with a maximal secretory response (mean ...	1991	2019349
mechanism of the positive inotropic effect of ketamine in isolated ferret ventricular papillary muscle.	ketamine is a cardiovascular stimulant through its sympathomimetic effects; however, its direct inotropic effect has been reported as positive in rat and negative in rabbit ventricular myocardium. this study reexamines the effect of ketamine on the contractile properties of mammalian ventricular myocardium. in isolated, electrically stimulated ferret right ventricular papillary muscles, the authors assessed the inotropic effect of ketamine (10(-6) m to 3 x 10(-4) m in 0.5 log m increments) alone ...	1991	2021205
relation of cortical cell orientation selectivity to alignment of receptive fields of the geniculocortical afferents that arborize within a single orientation column in ferret visual cortex.	neurons in the primary visual cortex of higher mammals are arranged in columns, and the neurons in each column respond best to light-dark borders of particular orientations. the basis of cortical cell orientation selectivity is not known. one possible mechanism would be for cortical cells to receive input from several lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) neurons with receptive fields that are aligned in the visual field (hubel and wiesel, 1962). we have investigated the relationship between the arra ...	1991	2027051
the auditory periphery of the ferret: postnatal development of acoustic properties.	the development of the acoustics of the auditory periphery of the ferret was examined by measuring the spectral transfer functions (stfs) and the directional characteristics of the outer ears of animals ranging in age from postnatal day 32 (p32) to p54. using an impulse response technique the stfs were obtained from up to 250 locations throughout free space. the directional responses were calculated for frequencies between 1 khz and 30 khz. the low frequency roll-off of the stf decreased with in ...	1991	2032961
effects of nitrous oxide on contractility, relaxation and the intracellular calcium transient of isolated mammalian ventricular myocardium.	the effects of nitrous oxide on variables of contractility and relaxation were analyzed in isolated ferret right ventricular papillary muscles. each mechanical variable, in isometric, isotonic, and zero-load-clamped twitches, was compared to the average value of that variable in control conditions (50% nitrogen in oxygen), before and after equilibration with 20%, 30% and 50% nitrous oxide in 50% oxygen. nitrous oxide caused a concentration-dependent decrease in contractility under all loading co ...	1991	2033523
synchronous bursts of action potentials in ganglion cells of the developing mammalian retina.	the development of orderly connections in the mammalian visual system depends on action potentials in the optic nerve fibers, even before the retina receives visual input. in particular, it has been suggested that correlated firing of retinal ganglion cells in the same eye directs the segregation of their synaptic terminals into eye-specific layers within the lateral geniculate nucleus. such correlations in electrical activity were found by simultaneous recording of the extracellular action pote ...	1991	2035024
short-time-scale left ventricular systolic dynamics. evidence for a common mechanism in both left ventricular chamber and heart muscle mechanics.	based on the premise that short-time-scale, small-amplitude pressure/volume/outflow behavior of the left ventricular chamber was dominated by dynamic processes originating in cardiac myofilaments, a prototype model was built to predict pressure responses to volume perturbations. in the model, chamber pressure was taken to be the product of the number of generators in a pressure-bearing state and their average volumetric distortion, as in the muscle theory of a.f. huxley, in which force was equal ...	1991	2036709
helicobacter mustelae-induced gastritis and elevated gastric ph in the ferret (mustela putorius furo).	helicobacter mustelae has been cultured from the stomachs of ferrets with chronic gastritis; the lesions in the stomach have many of the same histological features seen in h. pylori gastritis in humans. to determine whether h. mustelae-negative ferrets with normal gastric mucosa were susceptible to colonization and whether gastritis developed after infection, four h. mustelae-negative ferrets treated with cimetidine were inoculated orally on two successive days with 3 ml (1.5 x 10(8) cfu) of h. ...	1991	2037349
oral immunization against helicobacter pylori.	helicobacter pylori, which has been associated with gastritis and duodenal ulcers, commonly chronically infects adults. eradication of this microorganism, which is difficult to achieve, results in normalization of gastritis and marked reduction in the relapse rate of duodenal ulcers. since eradication is difficult to achieve, prevention of initial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract may be a viable alternative for abrogation of h. pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease. to test the feas ...	1991	2050403
studies on the emetic and antiemetic properties of zacopride and its enantiomers.	in ferrets, the oral emetic activity of zacopride was compared with its r- and s-enantiomers. increasing doses of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 31.6 mg/kg of zacopride or its 2 enantiomers were each administered at hourly intervals to separate groups of animals until emesis occurred. the emetic (100%) dose for zacopride and its s-enantiomer was 0.11 mg/kg p.o. (cumulative dose). the r-enantiomer at a cumulative dose of 42.71 mg/kg p.o. produced emesis in 25% of the animals. by the i.p. route zacoprid ...	1991	2055236
comparative semen cryopreservation in ferrets (mustela putorius furo) and pregnancies after laparoscopic intrauterine insemination with frozen-thawed spermatozoa.	a study was conducted to determine an optimum technique for semen cryopreservation and the biological competence of frozen-thawed ferret spermatozoa. fifty-two fresh electroejaculates from 4 males were evaluated for sperm percentage motility, forward progressive motility, motility index (smi) and acrosomal integrity. to determine the optimum temperature for maintaining sperm motility in vitro and the influence of glycerol on sperm motility, seminal aliquants were diluted in test diluent (contain ...	1991	2056481
the effect of pulpectomy on the longitudinal distribution of nerve fibres in the periodontal ligament of the ferret.	the innervation density of the periodontal ligament was measured at a series of levels around the mandibular canines of 6 ferrets, in 5 of the which the pulp of one of each of these pairs of teeth had been removed 3 months earlier. in control (unoperated) teeth the density of innervation was greatest in the apical third and lowest in the coronal third. the pattern around the pulpectomized teeth was similar. there was no statistically significant difference between density values for control and ...	1991	2059164
the length, width and volume of isolated rat and ferret ventricular myocytes during twitch contractions and changes in osmotic strength.	the length and width of rat and ferret ventricular myocytes have been measured using a linear photodiode array; the volume of the myocytes has been calculated based on the assumption that the cells were elliptical cylinders. during a twitch contraction, there was a decrease in cell length, but no significant change in the calculated cell volume, because the cells increased in width. inotropic interventions not only resulted in a greater shortening of the cell during each contraction, but also a ...	1991	2059429
albino gene dosage and retinal decussation patterns in the pigmented ferret.	we have examined the retinal decussation patterns in pigmented ferrets that were either wild-type sable or heterozygous with one albino gene. unilateral injections of horseradish peroxidase were made into the optic tract and labeled ganglion cells visualized in retinal wholemounts. in both wild-type and heterozygous ferrets, those ganglion cells in the temporal retina with the largest cell bodies projected only to the contralateral side of the brain. the total number of ipsilaterally projecting ...	1991	2059573
the effect of acidosis on the relationship between ca2+ and force in isolated ferret cardiac muscle.	1. the relationship between force and intracellular [ca2+] (monitored using the protein aequorin) has been investigated in papillary muscles isolated from ferret hearts, under control conditions (superfusate ph (pho) 7.3) and during acidosis (pho 6.8). 2. at pho 7.3, increasing bathing [ca2+] from 0.5 mmol l-1 to 8 mmol l-1 led to an increase in the size of the intracellular calcium transient. at the lower [ca2+] this was accompanied by an increase in developed force; however, at the higher bath ...	1991	2061846
neonatal testosterone masculinizes sexual behavior without affecting the morphology of the dorsal preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area of female ferrets.	we examined whether testosterone (t) administered to female ferrets neonatally--a treatment known to enhance masculine coital capacity--induces formation of the sexually dimorphic male nucleus in the dorsal preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (mn-poa/ah), and/or sensitizes dorsal poa/ah neurons to the stimulatory effect of later androgen treatment on somal dimensions. in males, the mn-poa/ah was present in all subjects, and exposure to androgen following castration at postnatal day 56 (p56) incr ...	1991	2070265
estradiol binding in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area of adult male ferrets and in the equivalent region of females.	a large number of estradiol-concentrating cells were visualized by autoradiography in a subpopulation of large neurons located in and around the sexually dimorphic male nucleus of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (mn-poa/ah) of castrated male ferrets and in a comparable dorsal portion of the poa/ah of ovariectomized females. considerably fewer estradiol-labelled cells were seen in the non-dimorphic ventral poa/ah nucleus of both sexes. estrogen binding in cells in or around the mn-poa/ah ...	1991	2070266
tachykinin receptors mediating airway macromolecular secretion.	three tachykinin receptor types, termed nk1, nk2, and nk3, can be distinguished by the relative potency of various peptides in eliciting tissue responses. airway macromolecular secretion is stimulated by the tachykinin substance p (sp). the purposes of this study were to determine the tachykinin receptor subtype responsible for this stimulation, and to examine the possible involvement of other neurotransmitters in mediating this effect. ferret tracheal explants maintained in organ culture were l ...	1991	1708071
sensory innervation of the mystacial pad fur of the ferret.	the guard and vellus hairs on the muzzles of many mammalian species possess a complex sensory innervation. the observation in the primate that the sources of the endings may be segregated by afferent type to separate terminal nerve branches prompted us to examine the innervation of the mystacial fur on the ferret muzzle. sections were prepared with reduced silver techniques and serially reconstructed for analysis. the types and orientations of sensory endings in the ferret are similar to those d ...	1991	1708478
effects of 8-bromo-cyclic gmp on contraction and on inotropic response of ferret cardiac muscle.	the effects of guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cgmp) on cardiac contraction are not established. using isolated electrically-stimulated ferret papillary muscle at 29 degrees c, 2.0 mm calcium we investigated the effects of 8-bromo-cgmp on (a) basal contraction for comparison with the effects of reduction in extracellular calcium or of reduction in resting muscle length; (b) contraction of preparations stimulated by isoprenaline, the dihydropyridine calcium agonist bay k8644 or post-extrasy ...	1991	1709973
the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on submucosal gland secretion and epithelial albumin transport in the ferret trachea in vitro.	1. we have examined the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) on basal mucus volume, lysozyme and albumin outputs from the ferret whole trachea in vitro, and on the outputs produced by methacholine and substance p (sp). we have also examined the effect of inhibiting neutral enkephalinase with thiorphan on the responses to cgrp. 2. cgrp (1-100 nm) produced small concentration-dependent increases in basal mucus volume, lysozyme and albumin outputs. these effect of cgrp were enhanced by ...	1991	1710527
characterisation of the urease from helicobacter pylori and comparison with the ureases from related spiral gastric bacteria.	the urease enzyme of helicobacter pylori was partially purified from whole cell extracts and found to have a molecular weight of 484 +/- 12 kda. ten monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against four different epitopes of the native enzyme. these mabs also recognised the ureases of h. pylori-like organisms isolated from monkeys and pigs and the h. mustelae urease from ferrets. the urease enzymes of each of these organisms were found to be of the same molecular weight. the urease enzyme of h ...	1991	1711875
efficacy of a monoclonal antibody (moab 60.3) in reducing myocardial injury resulting from ischemia/reperfusion in the ferret.	the myocardial salvage efficacy of a monoclonal antibody (moab 60.3) directed at the cdw 18 membrane antigen complex essential for normal neutrophil function was evaluated in a ferret occlusion/reperfusion model. when infused i.v. over a 10-min interval beginning at the 45th minute of a 90-min occlusion at a fixed dose of 2 mg/kg, the antibody afforded 33 and 45% reductions in infarct size following reperfusion intervals of 6 and 24 h, respectively. administration of that same dose via the left ...	1991	1714009
presence of a cholinergic projection from ventral striatum to amygdala that is not immunoreactive for ngf receptor.	by combining the retrograde axonal transport of a fluorescent dye with nerve growth factor (ngf) receptor or choline acetyltransferase (chat) immunocytochemistry, we show that the cholinergic neurons that project most strongly to the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala in the ferret do not possess ngf receptor immunoreactivity in their soma and are situated in the ventral striatum, an area known to receive a massive reciprocal projection from the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala.	1991	1715538
is nerve growth factor required for the survival of retinal ganglion cells during development?	staining for nerve growth factor receptor was observed in the ferret's retinal ganglion cell layer, optic nerve and tract, and in the lateral geniculate nucleus and superficial layers of the superior colliculus in the prenatal period, but had disappeared by birth. thus the incidence of this transient staining does not correspond with the ganglion cell death that is known to occur in the ferret retina during the first postnatal week.	1991	1715802
factors released from endocardium of the ferret and pig modulate myocardial contraction.	1. in isolated heart muscle preparations, selective removal of the endocardium results in a characteristic and unusual negative inotropic effect. possible mechanisms for this effect were investigated in this study. 2. in endocardium-intact preparations of ferret papillary muscle, 8-bromo-cyclic gmp, sodium nitroprusside, atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) and substance p each induced changes in contractile behaviour similar to selective endocardial removal, and each significantly elevated myocardi ...	1991	1716674
patchy intrinsic connections of the ferret primary auditory cortex.	small iontophoretic injections, of the leucoagglutinin extracted from phaseolus vulgaris (pha-l), were made at a depth of 600 microns, into the ferret primary auditory cortex (ai). the lectin anterogradely labelled the axons of pyramidal cells located in the upper layers. the axons had collaterals which terminated in 5-8 columns within ai. the columns were 0.25-0.8 mm in diameter and, based on their position, appeared to be in areas of cortex where the cells would have higher and lower as well a ...	1991	1717047
effects of new and potent methanesulfonanilide class iii antiarrhythmic agents on myocardial refractoriness and contractility in isolated cardiac muscle.	the effects of the new and potent methanesulfonanilide class iii antiarrhythmic agents (e-4031, uk-66,914, and uk-68,798) on myocardial refractoriness and contractility were compared to those of d-sotalol in ferret isometrically contracting right ventricular papillary muscle preparations. during 1 hz pacing at 37 degrees c, the four class iii agents elicited concentration-dependent increases in ventricular effective refractory period (erp), with a relative order of potency of uk-68,798 greater t ...	1991	1720841
alterations of intracellular calcium homeostasis and myocardial energetics in acute adriamycin-induced heart failure.	to elucidate the mechanism of acute contractile failure induced by adriamycin, the intracellular concentrations of free calcium ([ca2+]i) and energy-related phosphate compounds were determined in isolated ferret hearts. the time-averaged [ca2+]i was measured at 10 min resolution using fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy and the nmr-sensitive ca2+ indicator 5f-bapta. [ca2+]i significantly increased from a control of 381 +/- 66 nm (mean +/- sem, n = 5) to 789 +/- 171 nm during 3 ...	1991	1720844
sprouting of cholinergic axons does not occur in the cerebral cortex after nucleus basalis lesions.	different doses of the excitotoxin quisqualate were used to make lesions in the caudal part of the ferret nucleus basalis, i.e. the part that projects to the visual cortex. the higher doses of the excitotoxin destroyed all nerve growth factor receptor-immunoreactive cells in the caudal nucleus basalis and gave rise to up to 75% loss of acetylcholinesterase-containing axons in the visual cortex. in sections stained for nissl substance there was generalized tissue damage around the injection sites ...	1991	1722889
a histomorphologic and immunohistochemical study of chordoma in twenty ferrets (mustela putorius furo).	the histomorphologic and immunohistochemical features of chordoma in 20 ferrets were evaluated. the mean age was 3.4 years, and, in the cases for which sex was known, females (n = 10) outnumbered males (n = 5) two to one. all 20 tumors occurred on the tip of the tail. nineteen of 20 tumors (95%) were composed of three tissue components, often arranged concentrically with lobules of physaliferous cells at the periphery, trabecular bone in the center, and cartilage in between. the bone often conta ...	1991	1722924
bleomycin chemotherapy for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in a ferret.	bleomycin, an antitumor antibiotic, was effective in temporarily reducing the size of a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in a ferret. the tumor had recurred after previous excision and had metastasized to the right submandibular lymph node. the ferret was treated without effect at a dosage of 10 u/m2, sc, once a week. the dosage was increased to 20 u/m2 once a week, and reduction of tumor size was observed.	1991	1704878
okadaic acid, a protein phosphatase inhibitor, increases the calcium transients in isolated ferret ventricular muscle.	okadaic acid is a protein phosphatase inhibitor which has been found to produce a marked positive inotropic effect in isolated cardiac muscle. using aequorin-injected ferret papillary muscles, we demonstrate that the increase in tension seen with okadaic acid is accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the amplitude of the calcium transients. by comparison with the effects of changing the extracellular calcium concentration, it is shown that the increase in calcium transient amplitude can accou ...	1991	1647801
the effects of ph changes on human and ferret detrusor muscle function.	1. the effects of altering extracellular ph on the electrically evoked contractions of ferret and human bladder (detrusor) smooth muscle have been investigated. ph was varied by changing superfusate pco2 or nahco3 concentration. acidosis increased force when superfusate pco2 was raised but decreased force when the nahco3 concentration was reduced. 2. intracellular ph (phi) in isolated ferret detrusor cells was measured separately by epifluorescence microscopy. extracellular ph changes caused by ...	1991	1653318
the antiemetic profile of y-25130, a new selective 5-ht3 receptor antagonist.	y-25130( (+/-)n-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-6-chloro-4-methyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro - 2h-1,4-benzoxazine-8-carboxamide hydrochloride) is a potent and selective 5-ht3 receptor antagonist free of dopamine receptor blocking activity. this compound was effective against emesis induced in animals by cytotoxic drugs or by total body x-radiation. when given prophylactically, the doses required to completely inhibit cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs and doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide-induced emesis in fe ...	1991	1654255
spinal dracunculiasis in an experimentally infected ferret.		1991	1658452
in vitro cytopathogenicity and in vivo virulence of two strains of canine parainfluenza virus.	in vivo and in vitro properties of two strains of canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv) were investigated. one strain, designated cpiv(+), induced syncytial giant cell formation and cytolysis in vitro, whereas the second strain, cpiv(-), caused only a mild strand-forming cytopathic effect with few, small syncytial giant cells. vero cells infected with cpiv(+) or cpiv(-) were 100% positive for cpiv antigen as determined by immunofluorescent staining; however, 100% of cpiv(+) and less than 10% of cpiv ...	1991	1659020
the actions of fentanyl to inhibit drug-induced emesis.	the ability of fentanyl to inhibit drug-induced emesis was investigated in the ferret. initial studies established that morphine, in small doses (0.025-0.5 mg/kg s.c.), induced emesis in the ferret that decreased at the larger doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg (s.c.). fentanyl (10-80 micrograms/kg s.c.) failed to induce emesis but in this dose range prevented the emesis induced by morphine (0.5 mg/kg s.c.), apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg s.c.), copper sulphate (100 mg/kg intragastric) and cisplatin (10 mg/kg i.v. ...	1991	1661861
preliminary evidence for the involvement of the putative 5-ht4 receptor in zacopride- and copper sulphate-induced vomiting in the ferret.	previous studies of the mechanism of zacopride-induced emesis in ferrets have concluded that it is mediated predominantly by an antagonist effect on 5-ht3 receptors although the possibility of a contribution from an agonist effect at 5-ht4 receptors was not excluded. this study shows that zacopride (200 micrograms/kg p.o.)-induced emesis can be blocked by a 'high dose' (1000 micrograms/kg) of ics205930 but not by a low dose (100 micrograms/kg) or by 'high doses' (1000 micrograms/kg) of another m ...	1991	1663456
intranasal infection of ferrets (mustela putorius furo) with canine parainfluenza virus.	immunocompetent and cyclophosphamide-immunosuppressed ferrets were intranasally infected with canine parainfluenza virus (cpiv) and observed for clinical signs, histopathologic lesions, the immunocytochemical demonstration of cpiv antigen in the respiratory tract and scanning electron microscopic alterations of the tracheal epithelium until 36 days post infection (p.i.). in both groups, clinical signs were minimal, restricted to the upper respiratory tract and consisted of cough elicited by trac ...	1991	1663681
organisation of the visceral solitary tract nucleus in the ferret as defined by the distribution of choline acetyltransferase and nerve growth factor receptor immunoreactivity.	the cholinergic innervation of the visceral component of the nucleus of the solitary tract in the ferret was investigated by using choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry. the subdivisions of the ferret solitary tract nucleus as defined by nissl architectonics were found to correspond to most of those previously assigned to the cat solitary tract nucleus. the subnuclei of the ferret solitary tract nucleus were also outlined by using immunohistochemical and histochemical methods to stain fo ...	1991	1667621
cisplatin-evoked induction of c-fos protein in the brainstem of the ferret: the effect of cervical vagotomy and the anti-emetic 5-ht3 receptor antagonist granisetron (brl 43694).	we have monitored the expression of c-fos protein in the medulla oblongata of the ferret, using immunocytochemistry, to identify the brainstem pathways involved in the mediation of nausea and vomiting caused by the antineoplastic drug cisplatin. cisplatin administration resulted in c-fos-like immunoreactivity (fli) in the area postrema, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and in scattered cells within the ependymal lining of the fourth ventricle. unilateral cervical vagotomy greatly reduced fli i ...	1991	1668810
effect of capsaicin on nasal secretion in anesthetized ferrets.	in urethan-anesthetized ferrets, we investigated the nasal response to capsaicin infused via a catheter inserted retrogradely into the lingual artery. capsaicin dose-dependently increased fluid output from the nose (nasal fluid output) and the lateral nasal gland (glandular fluid output). the secretory response to capsaicin (80 nmol/kg ia) was completely blocked by atropine and hexamethonium, indicating that a cholinergic reflex mediates capsaicin-induced nasal hypersecretion in this model. the ...	1991	1672688
cholinergic input to dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra: a double immunocytochemical study.	in order to determine whether the cholinergic fibres that innervate the substantia nigra make synaptic contact with dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, a double immunocytochemical study was carried out in the rat and ferret. sections of perfusion-fixed mesencephalon were incubated first to reveal choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity to label the cholinergic terminals and then tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity to label the dopaminergic neurons. each antigen was l ...	1991	1678502
receptor-mediated camp production in adult and infant ferret tracheal epithelium.	tracheal epithelial cells obtained from adult and infant ferrets were grown in primary culture in vitro. cells from adult animals grew readily, and many ciliated cells were observed in the cultures. successful cultures were derived from infant animals, but cell number in infant and adult cultures began to decrease after 6 d. receptor-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase was determined by incubating monolayers of adult or neonatal cells with beta-adrenergic agonists, prostaglandin e2 (pge2) a ...	1991	1679920
early development of the nucleus basalis-cortical projection but late expression of its cholinergic function.	the aim of this study was to examine the development of the basalocortical pathway by using choline acetyltransferase and nerve growth factor receptor immunocytochemistry, acetylcholinesterase histochemistry and retrograde axonal transport. the observations were made in the ferret because in this species brain development occurs over a much more protracted period than in the rat. staining for choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the brain was minimal before birth. adult levels of staini ...	1991	1682850
evidence that vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip) is an inhibitory transmitter in the ferret gastric corpus.		1991	1686329
comparison of crossbridge dynamics between intact and skinned myocardium from ferret right ventricles.	this study compares the crossbridge kinetics of intact and skinned preparations from ferret cardiac muscles at 20 degrees c to determine whether skinning causes any alteration in the crossbridge response to an imposed length change. a papillary or trabecular muscle was isolated from the right ventricle, the muscle length adjusted to give the maximum twitch tension (lmax), and the preparation was subjected to ba2+ contracture. when steady tension developed, the length of the preparation was pertu ...	1991	1742866
early development of the retinal line of decussation in normal and albino ferrets.	this work describes the retinal origin of the crossed and uncrossed projections in newborn, 9-day-old and adult normally pigmented and albino ferrets. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was injected unilaterally into the thalamic and midbrain visual centers of ferrets to label retinal ganglion cells retrogradely. in normally pigmented adults, the retinal line of decussation was sharp and passed through the area centralis. ganglion cells with uncrossed axons occupied the entire temporal retina. in albi ...	1991	1748727
cocaine alters heart rate dynamics in conscious ferrets.	this study was designed to test the hypothesis that cocaine intoxication induces distinctive alterations in sinus rhythm heart rate dynamics. time-series and spectral analysis techniques were used to examine the effects of lethal doses of cocaine on heart rate variability in conscious, restrained ferrets. in all animals (n = 5), cocaine administration resulted in a marked decrease in sinus rhythm heart rate variability prior to sudden death. heart rate variability (coefficient of variation of he ...	1991	1750225
abnormal cai2+ handling is the primary cause of mechanical alternans: study in ferret ventricular muscles.	we tested the hypothesis that mechanical alternans of the heart is due to alternations in intracellular calcium (cai2+) levels. eight papillary muscles were isolated from the right ventricles of male ferrets and were chemically loaded with aequorin to record cytoplasmic cai2+. to produce a steady-state mechanical alternans, the preparations were perfused with a physiological salt solution containing a low calcium concentration (0.25 mm), at 22 degrees c, and stimulated at 0.5-1.0 hz in the prese ...	1991	1750531
vagal influences on gastric acid secretion in response to gastric distension in the ferret.	the role of the vagus nerve in the stimulation of gastric acid secretion was investigated by comparing the acid output in response to gastric distension during augmented secretion mediated by electrical vagal stimulation and pentagastrin. under control conditions distension increased acid output from 29.8 +/- 3 mumol/10 min to 59.9 +/- 5.5 mumol/10 min (p less than 0.0001). bilateral cervical vagotomy significantly reduced both basal acid secretion and the response to distension although the inc ...	1991	1753062
the isolated, buffer-perfused ferret heart: a new model for the study of cardiac physiology and metabolism.	the isolated, buffer-perfused ferret heart is a new model for the study of cardiac physiology and metabolism. compared to the more commonly used isolated heart preparation, the rat heart, the ferret has a lower rate-pressure product due to lower heart rate, a remarkably low coronary flow and almost complete oxygen extraction. the ferret heart remains in stable haemodynamic and metabolic conditions for a longer period of time than the rat heart. atp contents of the two species are similar, but cr ...	1991	1753696
kainic acid lesions of the superior olivary complex: a horseradish peroxidase study of surviving brain-stem projections.	lesions of the superior olivary complex of the adult ferret were made by pressure injection of kainic acid (5 nm/microliters in locke's solution) through a glass micropipette inserted into the lower brain-stem. small injections of kainic acid (1.5 microliters) produced a localized loss of nerve cells in the superior olivary complex in the vicinity of the pipette tip without apparent damage to fibers of passage in the trapezoid body. the extent of neural damage was determined by the absence of ce ...	1991	1762453
dendritic morphology and development in the ferret lateral superior olivary nucleus.	the dendritic morphology of cells in the lateral superior olivary nucleus was studied with the golgi method in adult and postnatal ferrets. the lateral superior olivary nucleus in the adult ferret is a convoluted structure with an m-shape in frontal sections. the major cell type appears to have disk-shaped dendritic trees. most dendritic trees appear to be approximately orthogonal to the curved medial-lateral axis of the nucleus. depending on their position in the limb and on the plane of sectio ...	1991	1765583
locally and reflexly mediated effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide on the ferret stomach.	this study was undertaken to investigate the site of origin of vagal reflexes which cholecystokinin (cck) activates to cause reflex inhibition of gastric motility. in the anaesthetized ferret, close intraarterial injections of cck-8 (100 pmol) caused a short latency increase in duodenal contractile activity; antral motor responses to cck were variable, often comprising excitation followed by inhibition. the corpus, in contrast, consistently showed a decrease in pressure which lasted 2-3 min befo ...	1991	1765619
possible involvement of a chloride conductance in the transient outward current of whole-cell voltage-clamped ferret ventricular myocytes.	the transient outward current was studied, using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, in isolated ventricular cells from the ferret heart. in the presence of 4-aminopyridine and cadmium chloride which respectively blocked the ca-insensitive and the ca-dependent outward currents, a residual transient outward current was observed in about 30% of the cells tested. this current was suppressed in external hypochloride solution, completely inhibited by sits (3 mm) and reversed at the equilibrium pote ...	1991	1775377
spiral organisms: what are they? a microbiologic introduction to helicobacter pylori.	the stomach provides a hostile environment to most microorganisms owing to the antibacterial effect of gastric acidity. however, over the period of mammalian evolution a highly specialized group of bacteria has evolved to inhabit the gastric mucosa. the common features of these bacteria that allow survival in the stomach and colonization of their natural ecologic niche, mucus, are a specialized form of motility, microaerophilism, and very high activity of the enzyme urease. other important adapt ...	1991	1775930
segmental barrier properties of the pulmonary microvascular bed.	we determined liquid flux across single pulmonary microvessels of dog, ferret, and rat by our split-drop technique (j. appl. physiol. 64: 2562-2567, 1988). data are reported from 58 lungs excised under halothane or pentobarbital sodium anesthesia and then blood perfused. we stopped blood flow at known vascular pressures and then micropunctured microvessels to inject oil, which we split with albumin solution. from measurements of vessel diameter and split oil drop length, we calculated jv, the li ...	1991	1778906
effects of transient changes in membrane potential on twitch force in ferret papillary muscle. possible effects on na-ca exchange.		1991	1785868
kinetic models of na-ca exchange in ferret red blood cells. interaction of intracellular na, extracellular ca, cd, and mn.	the kinetic equation that best describes the intracellular na dependence of ca influx into ferret red cells is sequential; whether this implies that there is a conformation of the protein that has both na and ca ions bound remains to be determined. cd and mn substitute very well for ca on the exchanger in ferret red cells; this suggests that the ca-binding site does not contain an important thiol and that the one of the na steps may be rate limiting.	1991	1785889
serotoninergic innervation of the ferret cerebral cortex. i. adult pattern.	we have investigated the serotoninergic innervation of the adult ferret cerebral cortex with immunohistochemical techniques. distribution pattern of serotoninergic fibers in the ferret neocortex is characterized by a decrease in the density of fibers as one moves from the pial surface towards the white matter. throughout the entire cerebral cortex, the serotoninergic fibers are very dense within the supragranular layers, especially within layer 1. in contrast, granular and infragranular layers e ...	1991	1787182
serotoninergic innervation of the ferret cerebral cortex. ii. postnatal development.	we have investigated the serotoninergic innervation of the ferret cortex from the day of birth to adulthood with immunohistochemical techniques. due to the premature birth of ferrets, this period spans the entire generation of cells located within the upper cortical layers and their subsequent migration to their final positions. already at birth, serotoninergic fibers innervate the developing cortex. this innervation is most dense within the marginal zone, the subplate region, and the lower port ...	1991	1787183
vascular abnormalities in experimental and human lymphatic filariasis.	whereas clinical descriptions of grotesque lymphedema and standard light microscopy in human filariasis have elucidated the natural progression of this disease, the link between the nematode and vascular abnormalities including elephantiasis remains poorly understood. accordingly, we examined the nature and distribution of lymphatic and blood vascular derangements in a variety of tissues and organs from 37 ferrets acutely and chronically infected with brugia malayi and in 15 patients with wucher ...	1991	1791728
quantitative light and scanning electron microscopy of ferret sperm.	sperm were obtained via electroejaculation from domestic ferret, (mustela putorius furo), siberian ferret (m. eversmanni), black-footed ferret (m. nigripes), and a hybrid between siberian and domestic, called the fitch ferret (m. sp.). comparisons of sperm were made by four different microscopy techniques to determine whether differences exist among species. first, nomarski differential interference microscopy could be used to distinguish domestic ferret sperm from the others on the basis of the ...	1991	1793602
distribution of choline acetyltransferase immunoreactive axons and terminals in the rat and ferret brainstem.	a survey was made of the density of the cholinergic innervation of different parts of the brainstem of the rat and ferret. sections of rat and ferret brainstems were stained for choline acetyltransferase (chat) immunoreactivity by using a sensitive immunocytochemical method. adjacent sections were stained for acetylcholinesterase activity or nissl substance. the density of the distribution of fine calibre, varicose chat-positive axons, assumed to represent cholinergic terminals, was categorised ...	1991	1797870
ultrasonography of the adrenal gland.	a current review of ultrasonographic adrenal imaging is presented with emphasis on the clinical and problematic aspects of adrenal disease in the dog. examples are presented to illustrate the usefulness of ultrasonography in distinguishing between canine pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. adrenal imaging in the cat and ferret are discussed briefly. when coordination of sonographic findings with clinical and biochemical results is implemented properly, ultrasonography becomes ...	1991	1802272
the effect of hydrogen peroxide on smooth muscle tone, mucus secretion and epithelial albumin transport of the ferret trachea in vitro.	the effect of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) was examined on baseline and on methacholine- and phenylephrine-stimulated smooth muscle tone, mucus volume and lysozyme outputs, and epithelial albumin transport of the ferret whole trachea in vitro. h2o2 (10 microm-10 mm) had no significant effect on tracheal smooth muscle tone but produced concentration-dependent increases in mucus volume, lysozyme and albumin outputs. the potential difference (p.d.) across the trachea was not changed by h2o2. exposure o ...	1991	1804498
endothelin-1 inhibits pre-stimulated tracheal submucosal gland secretion and epithelial albumin transport.	1. endothelin-1 potently contracts smooth muscle, including that in the airways. however, its effect on airway mucosal function has not so far been studied. 2. we have used the ferret whole trachea in vitro to examine the effect of endothelin-1 on tracheal smooth muscle tone, transepithelial potential difference (p.d.), submucosal gland secretion (including lysozyme secretion from serous cells) and active epithelial albumin transport. in addition we have examined the effects of endothelin on sub ...	1991	1810592
antiemetic effects of ym060, a potent and selective serotonin (5ht)3-receptor antagonist, in ferrets and dogs.	ym060, (r)-5-[(1-methyl-3-indolyl)carbonyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1h-benzimidazole hydrochloride, is a new serotonin (5ht)3-receptor antagonist. we examined the effects of ym060 on chemotherapeutic agent-, apomorphine- and copper sulfate-induced emesis. intravenous ym060 potently prevented cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.v.)-induced emesis with ed50 values of 0.06 (0.05-0.07) micrograms/kg, i.v. in ferrets. based on the ed50 values, ym060 was 300, 20 and 100 times more potent than ondansetron, granisetron a ...	1991	1813664
immunologic comparisons of pneumocystis carinii strains obtained from rats, ferrets, and mice using convalescent sera from the same sources.	pneumocystis carinii (pc) infections were developed in animals immunosuppressed by dexamethasone treatment either from activation of latent infection (ferret) or trans-tracheal inoculation of pc obtained from infected lungs of the homologous species (rat, mouse). convalescent antisera were obtained by stopping dexamethasone treatment after 2-4 wk and allowing 5-8 wk for recovery. parasites from infected lungs were purified by differential filtration, solubilized in loading buffer, subjected to s ...	1991	1818152
molecular cloning and characterization of ferret pneumocystis carinii gp120.		1991	1818195
comparison of pulsed field gel electrophoresis karyotypes of pneumocystis carinii derived from rat lung, cell culture, and ferret lung.	pulsed field gel electrophoretic karyotypes of pneumocystis carinii derived from three sources were compared: immunosuppressed virus-free rats transtracheally inoculated with pneumocystis-infected rat lung; wi-38 cell/cytodex bead cell cultures inoculated with the same material; and immunosuppressed ferrets which reactivated latent pneumocystis pneumonia. karyotypes of dna from pneumocystis trophozoites or cysts from rat lung, and trophozoites from cell culture were identical. in contrast, ferre ...	1991	1818212
sodium-dependent magnesium uptake by ferret red cells.	1. magnesium uptake can be measured in ferret red cells incubated in media containing more than 1 mm-magnesium. uptake is substantially increased if the sodium concentration in the medium is reduced. 2. magnesium uptake is half-maximally activated by 0.37 mm-external magnesium when the external sodium concentration is 5 mm. increasing the external sodium concentration increases the magnesium concentration needed to activate the system. 3. magnesium uptake is increased by reducing the external so ...	1991	1822527
modulation of calcium-activation in control and pressure--overload hypertrophied ferret hearts: effect of dpi 201-106 on myofilament calcium responsiveness.	we examined the relationship between free ca2+ and developed force in chemically skinned fibers from control and pressure-overload hypertrophied (poh) hearts of ferrets in the absence and presence of dpi 201-106 (4-([3-(4-diphenyl-methyl-l-piperazinyl)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1h-indole-2- carbonitrile), a positive inotropic and negative lusitropic agent. force production in both control and hypertrophied fibers increased with ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]) over a range from 10(-7) m to 10(-4) m, and did ...	1991	1828088
intracellular na activity measurements in the control and hypertrophied heart of the ferret: an ion-sensitive micro-electrode study.	because of the role of intracellular na on cardiac contractility and of the depressed isometric contractile response of the hypertrophied myocardium, the effects of pressure overload on the intracellular na activity (aina) have been investigated in papillary muscles isolated from the ferret right ventricle. in animals subjected to pulmonary artery clipped for 1-2 months, right ventricle-to-body weight ratio was increased by about 39% in comparison with the control group. aina was measured in qui ...	1991	1831556
5-ht3 receptor agonism may be responsible for the emetic effects of zacopride in the ferret.	the racemic 5-ht3 receptor antagonist, zacopride (10-100 micrograms kg-1, i.m.) evoked an emetic response in ferrets. this property appeared to reside totally in the s-enantiomer which also produced emesis over the same dose range. this emesis could be prevented by pretreatment with ondansetron (1 mg kg-1, i.m.) or by r-zacopride (100 micrograms kg-1, i.m.). in urethane-anaesthetized ferrets, s-zacopride (0.3 micrograms kg-1, i.v.) evoked a profound bezold-jarisch reflex which was blocked by bot ...	1991	1831684
inoculation of ferrets with ten third-stage larvae of dracunculus insignis.	infection with dracunculus insignis was established in 7 of 10 ferrets experimentally inoculated intraperitoneally with 10 third-stage larvae (l3's). worm recovery and infection rate were comparable to animals inoculated with 50 l3's. this study demonstrates that once infective larvae traverse the gut and pass into the peritoneal cavity, very few larvae are required to establish infection.	1991	1833521
gastric colonization of the ferret with helicobacter species: natural and experimental infections.	helicobacter mustelae, isolated from the stomachs of adult ferrets, appears to have a world-wide distribution. ferrets are colonized with h. mustelae at a young age, usually 5-6 weeks; in our experience 100% of adult ferrets are colonized in both the antrum and the fundus. gastric infection correlates with elevation of serum igg antibodies to h. mustelae. in the oxyntic mucosa the presence of superficial gastritis coincides closely with the presence of h. mustelae. in the distal antrum the organ ...	1991	1833810
antiemetic activity of the new 5-ht3 antagonist dau 6215 in animal models of cancer chemotherapy and radiation.	the antiemetic activity of dau 6215, a novel antagonist of 5-ht3 receptors, was investigated in animal models of cytotoxic treatment-evoked emesis and compared with the antiemetic activity of ondansetron and metoclopramide. in dogs, vomiting was induced by i.v. cisplatin; in ferrets, the emetic response was elicited by i.v. doxorubicin or x-ray exposure. pretreatment with 0.1-1 mg/kg dau 6215 given i.v. or p.o. prevented the vomiting response to the different emetic agents. in the dog, the antie ...	1991	1834359
altered calcium handling in left ventricular pressure-overload hypertrophy as detected with aequorin in the isolated, perfused ferret heart.	the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that systolic and diastolic dysfunction in left ventricular pressure-overload hypertrophy is caused by abnormal intracellular calcium handling. experiments were performed with intact, buffer-perfused, isovolumic ferret hearts (n = 9 hypertrophied, n = 9 control) that were loaded with the bioluminescent indicator aequorin to monitor changes in cytoplasmic calcium. in each experiment, left ventricular pressure and intracellular calcium transient ...	1991	1835431
[ondansetron: a specific 5-ht3 serotonin receptor inhibitor, a new antiemetic in oncology].	serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) seems to play a dominant role in triggering vomiting induced by cytotoxic agents through the stimulation of 5-ht3 receptors. they have been observed in the gi tract as well as in the brain (area postrema). ondansetron is a specific antagonist of 5-ht3 serotonin receptors. its anti-emetic activity is very powerful in the ferret. the availability of an injectable or oral form of this product allows the overall treatment of acute and delayed emesis and its administra ...	1991	1838490
bay u3405, a potent and selective thromboxane a2 receptor antagonist on airway smooth muscle in vitro.	1. bay u3405 (3(r)-[[(4-fluorophenyl) sulphonyl]amino]-1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-9h-carbazole-9-propanoic acid) has been evaluated on airway smooth muscle, from a number of species including man, for its thromboxane a2 (txa2) antagonist activity. 2. bay u3405 was a potent, and competitive, antagonist of the txa2-mimetic u46619-induced contractions of human, guinea-pig, rat and ferret airway smooth muscle with pa2 values between 8.0 and 8.9 and with no inherent contractile activity (10(-9)-10(-4) m). 3 ...	1991	1839139
ca(2+)-independent change in phosphorylation of the myosin light chain during relaxation of ferret aorta by vasodilators.	1. the effects of the vasodilators atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) and forskolin were determined on isometric force, intracellular ionized ca2+ concentration ([ca2+]i) as indicated by aequorin, and myosin light chain (mlc) phosphorylation in ferret aorta. 2. atrial natriuretic peptide (10(-7) m) inhibited intrinsic tone with an associated significant decrease in [ca2+]i. anp also inhibited the contraction induced by kcl with a significant decrease in [ca2+]i. mlc phosphorylation induced by kcl ...	1991	1839559
susceptibility of four species of copepods, from areas of endemic dracunculus medinensis, to the north american d. insignis.	studies of the relative importance of different copepod species in areas of endemic dracunculiasis have been restricted, in part, by limited access to dracunculus medinensis. however, development of the d. insignis-ferret model provides a source of larvae of a species closely related to d. medinensis. using larvae derived from this model, the susceptibility of four species of copepods from d. medinensis-endemic areas was compared to that of canadian acanthocyclops vernalis, which is fully suscep ...	1991	1839817
acute alterations in the regulation of lipid metabolism after intravascular reexposure to a single bolus of homologous virus during influenza b infection in ferrets: possible model of epiphenomena associated with influenza.	metabolic responses occurring 24 h following the secondary haematogenous dissemination of influenza b virus during convalescence from infection were examined in the ferret as a possible model for epiphenomena which can occur following infection with influenza. among the major changes found were a further rise in the mean fasting serum free fatty acid (ffa) level to three times the control mean value and a 50% drop in the mean serum triglyceride (tg) concentration after the intravascular administ ...	1991	1843259
estimation of intracellular free magnesium using ion-selective microelectrodes: evidence for an na/mg exchange mechanism in skeletal muscle.	mg-selective microelectrodes allow continuous direct recording of intracellular free magnesium concentration ([mg]i). mg-selective microelectrodes utilizing the neutral carrier eth 1117 have been used to determine [mg]i in a wide variety of tissues. however, this type of electrode suffers from considerable interference from other cations (primarily potassium and sodium when used for intracellular studies). the recently developed mg sensor eth 5214 reveals a much improved selectivity and sensitiv ...	1991	1844563
use of ion-sensitive microelectrodes to study intracellular free magnesium concentration and its regulation in mammalian cardiac muscle.	ion-sensitive microelectrodes (ises) have been used to measure intracellular [mg2+] ([mg2+]i) in cardiac muscle, although most measurements have tended to overestimate the value due to the poor selectivity of the mg2+ ionophore in the sarcoplasm and to inaccurate collation of individual ise measurements. this paper highlights the correct method for analysis of data from multiple ise experiments. since [mg2+]i is constrained at a lower concentration than would be expected by passive distribution ...	1991	1844564
intracellular ph regulation in ferret ventricular muscle. the role of na-h exchange and the influence of metabolic substrates.	aspects of ph regulation in ferret ventricular cells have been investigated by using ph- and sodium-selective microelectrodes in bicarbonate-free tyrode's solution. an acid load was produced by the transient application of nh4cl (10 or 20 mmol/l). a complete recovery from an acid load was still observed after multiple applications of nh4cl, but amiloride (0.75 or 1 mmol/l), a blocker of the na-h exchanger, increased the acidification and inhibited the recovery. measurements of intracellular sodi ...	1991	1845852
use of the ferret as a model for pediatric endotracheal intubation training.		1991	1849599
flosequinan, a vasodilator with a novel mechanism of action.	1. the mechanism of action of flosequinan was investigated in ferret aortic smooth muscle by the simultaneous measurement of aequorin luminescence and isometric force. 2. the control calcium-force curve was obtained by plotting the calibrated aequorin luminescence against the force from potassium-depolarized muscles. flosequinan relaxed potassium-depolarized muscles by causing parallel changes in [ca2+]i and force with no shift in the control [ca2+]i-force relationship. 3. the [ca2+]i-force rela ...	1991	1855126
effects of ozone on the cholinergic secretory responsiveness of ferret tracheal glands.	oxidant air pollutants exacerbate several pulmonary diseases. inhalation of ozone has been shown to induce airway smooth muscle hyperresponsiveness. oxidant injury could also affect airway secretory mechanisms. we postulated that oxidant exposure would alter the glycoconjugate secretory function of airway submucosal glands. to test this hypothesis we examined the effects of in vivo ozone exposure on the in vitro secretory responsiveness of ferret tracheal glands. ferrets were exposed to 1 ppm oz ...	1991	1855492
source of information in heart research 1978 and 1988.	several regulatory provisions have been introduced during the last decade that might interfere with the conduct of experimental medical science. in order to study their impact on the source of information within one major field, heart research, a total of 3579 abstracts from the 1978 and 1988 scientific sessions of the american heart association were analysed with respect to their source of information. there was no change in overall fractions of classical patient studies (45%) or experimental a ...	1991	1857099
na-ca exchange: evidence against a ping-pong mechanism and against a ca pool in ferret red blood cells.	to determine the mechanism of na-ca exchange, we estimated the ratio of maximum velocity to michaelis constant for extra-cellular ca by measuring the rate of ca uptake at very low extracellular ca. in a ping-pong mechanism, one set of sites alternatively transports ca and na. in a sequential mechanism, ca and na sites are both filled during part of the transport cycle. in each set of experiments, two intracellular na concentrations were studied. the ca uptake rate (at low ca) increased as na inc ...	1991	1858856
developmental changes in the ferret ileum during the postnatal period.	the development of the ferret ileum was studied in order to determine the pattern of morphological maturation during the postnatal period. in the newborn, intestinal villi were short, and lined by simple columnar enterocytes with striated borders and small vacuoles. at one week old, the equivalent cell had large vacuoles that were shown on tem to be related to a tubulovesicular system in the apical region of the cytoplasm. at two and three weeks old, the epithelial cells at the same site showed ...	1991	1866123
change of ca2+ requirement for myosin phosphorylation by prostaglandin f2 alpha.	the mechanism of contraction of vascular smooth muscle by prostaglandin f2 alpha (pgf2 alpha) was examined by simultaneous measurement of the intracellular ca2+ concentration [( ca2+]i), force, and myosin light-chain (mlc) phosphorylation in ferret aorta. in the presence of 2.5 mm extracellular ca2+, pgf2 alpha (10(-5)m) produced a tonic contraction with a transient spike in [ca2+]i, followed by a relatively small sustained increase in [ca2+]i (from a basal level of 2.32 +/- 0.07 x 10(-7) to 2.7 ...	1991	1872370
endothelin 1 enhances myofilament ca2+ responsiveness in aequorin-loaded ferret myocardium.	the influence of endothelin 1 on intracellular ca2+ transients and isometric contractions was investigated in ferret papillary muscles loaded with the ca(2+)-regulated bioluminescent indicator aequorin. in concentrations of 3 x 10(-9) to 1 x 10(-7) m, endothelin produced dose-dependent increases in the amplitudes of both aequorin light signals (maximum, 31 +/- 12%) and developed tension (maximum, 64 +/- 13%). the peak aequorin light [( ca2+]i)-peak tension curve generated by increasing endotheli ...	1991	1873860
cardiac cell membrane repolarization is required for onset of mechanical restitution in papillary muscle.	in 10 voltage clamped ferret papillary muscles at 37 degrees c (single sucrose gap), the duration of resting (diastolic, holding) potential was varied in order to define the mechanical restitution process. following a period of steady state voltage clamp depolarizations to +20 mv, a single test depolarization clamp of 200 or 500 ms duration was introduced. then, the following period at resting (holding) potential was varied. all the mechanical restitution curves for the 500 ms clamps were delaye ...	1991	1877359
pulmonary vascular pressure profile in adult ferrets: measurements in vivo and in isolated lungs.	we have determined the vascular pressure profile in lungs of adult ferrets utilizing an anaesthetized open chested preparation and have compared the pressure profile in vivo with that in isolated, perfused lungs. ten adult ferrets, mean body weight 980 +/- 108 g, were studied. for in vivo measurements, five ferrets were anaesthetized, mechanically ventilated and the left chest wall resected. pressures were measured in the pulmonary artery, left atrium and by micropuncture, in 20-50 microns diame ...	1991	1877364
comparative histogenesis of bruch's membrane (complexus basalis).	we documented the comparative histogenesis and timing of development of bruch's membrane (complexus basalis) in five mammalian models with different lengths of gestation. retinas with attached choroid from the central posterior pole of the eye were obtained from hamster, vole, rabbit, ferret and cat, from mid-gestation onward until the time at which all components of bruch's membrane could be detected. the sequence of events in the development of bruch's membrane was similar among species, howev ...	1991	1879501