Publications

immunohistochemical characterization of lymphocyte populations in carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells from peripheral blood, thymus, head kidney, and spleen in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were studied by immunoperoxidase labelling using antisera against fragments of carp igm. different lymphoid cell populations could be determined. thus, about 35% of the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood, head kidney, and spleen were determined, as "b" lymphocytes, using rabbit anti-carp fab antiserum with l chain specificity. nearly all lymphocytes of the peripheral blood, h ...	1989	2673224
[new data on some parasitic invasions in fish].	the author gives a review of new literature data from the 80-ties. the following problems are considered: etiology of swim bladder inflammation in carp (sbi), development of parasites of the class myxosporea, overgrowth of parasitic kidney disease (pkd) in salmonid fishes, details of development of myxobolus cerebralis and ichthyophtirius multifiliis, and the new systematics of the diplozoidae.	1989	2699131
amino acid sequence of alpha-chain of hemoglobin iv from trout (salmo irideus).	the amino acid sequence of the alpha-chain of trout hemoglobin (hb) iv is given, thus completing the primary structure of the hemoglobin component of trout's blood characterized by the root effect. the trout hb iv alpha-chain consists of 142 amino acid residues; comparison with the corresponding sequences from human and carp hemoglobins shows differences of 50.0 and 35.9%, respectively. a difference of 39.6% is found with the alpha-chain of trout hb i, the other major hemoglobin component of tro ...	1989	2706274
[seasonal dynamics of the population count of bothriocephalus opsariichthydis (cestoda, pseudophyllidea) and the differential infestation of carp yearlings of various genotypes].		1989	2717201
hydrogen ion equilibria in fish haemoglobins.	h+ titration studies on oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobins from carp, rainbow trout, spiny dogfish and pig are reported, and compared with hb-h+ equilibria in other species and structural information deduced from amino acid sequences. the buffer values of oxygenated and deoxygenated teleost haemoglobins are low in comparison with elasmobranch and mammalian haemoglobins. this correlates with a much lower content of histidine residues and alpha-amino groups in teleost haemoglobins, than that ...	1989	2732661
lateral feedback from monophasic horizontal cells to cones in carp retina. i. experiments.	the spatial and color coding of the monophasic horizontal cells were studied in light- and dark-adapted retinae. slit displacement experiments revealed differences in integration area for the different cone inputs of the monophasic horizontal cells. the integration area measured with a 670-nm stimulus was larger than that measured with a 570-nm stimulus. experiments in which the diameter of the test spot was varied, however, revealed at high stimulus intensities a larger summation area for 520-n ...	1989	2732679
natural environment surpasses polluted environment in inducing dna damage in fish.	measurement of specific dna adduct concentrations in target tissues of organisms may provide a key biologic end-point of exposure to environmental carcinogens. using a general and highly sensitive assay with 32-p-postlabeling, we found that natural populations of freshwater fish species chub, barbel, bream and carp, as well as a marine fish mugil, revealed the presence of four to nine qualitatively similar adducts irrespective of whether they were caught from unpolluted or polluted waters. no st ...	1989	2736723
characterization of gamma-crystallins from eye lenses of shark: closer structural similarity to mammalian than other piscine gamma-crystallins?	lens crystallins were isolated and characterized from sharks of the cartilaginous fishes. four crystallin fractions corresponding to alpha-, beta h-, beta l- and gamma-crystallins, similar to those of mammalian crystallins, were obtained. the native molecular masses and subunit structures of these purified fractions were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography, sds gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, revealing the typical subunit compositions with various extents of heterogeneity in ...	1989	2737298
[opisthorchiasis at left dnieper watersheds].	present state of opisthorchosis infestation in the dnieper watershed (rivers vorskla, psyol, khorol, sula, seym, snov, desna water basins), situated in the sumy, chernigov, and poltava regions of the ukraine, is assessed. 7909 humans from 37 villages, 94 cats, 1134 carp fishes, 20013 mollusca and 30 soil samples were screened for the presence of opisthorchis eggs. opisthorchosis foci with an over 36% infection rate of population remain in the watersheds of the dnieper left confluents (rivers des ...	1989	2755409
development of trypanoplasma borreli (mastigophora: kinetoplastida) in the leech vector piscicola geometra and its infectivity for the common carp, cyprinus carpio.	the development of trypanoplasma borreli in the crop of the leech vector piscicola geometra was characterized by significant changes in morphology. immediately after ingestion by the leech, stumpy-shaped t. borreli predominated and numerous dividing specimens were found. this led to long and slender trypanoplasms near the end of the infection. the infection was terminated with complete digestion of the blood stored in the crop of the leech. the longest period of infection observed was 11 days. t ...	1989	2760765
an homologous radioimmunoassay for coho salmon (oncorhynchus kisutch) vitellogenin, with general applicability to other pacific salmonids.	this paper describes an homologous radioimmunoassay for coho salmon vitellogenin that demonstrates parallel cross-reactivity for plasma vitellogenin of all pacific salmonids tested (chinook, chum, coho, pink, and sockeye salmon, and cutthroat and rainbow trout), but not for atlantic salmon or two nonsalmonids: common carp and sablefish. plasma vitellogenin levels were high in ovulatory female pacific salmonids (micrograms/ml to mg/ml range), but were mostly nondetectable in spermiating males of ...	1989	2767411
an effective method for plasma lipoprotein separation: studies of various animal species.	1. plasma lipoprotein separation by density gradient ultracentrifugation largely depends on visual examination based on the natural yellow pigments of lipoproteins. 2. in non-human species and in humans with dyslipoproteinemia, some lipoproteins are not well visualized due to the lack of pigments. 3. using a fluorescent probe in minute quantity (1,6 diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) we were able to demonstrate an effective plasma lipoprotein separation using a discontinuous density gradient ultracentri ...	1989	2776426
[the infection process with sphaerospora renicola (myxosporidia)].	new data are presented on the development of infection by s. renicola in common carp within the first 15 weeks of their life. the infection of parasite-free common carp succeeded by myxospores as well as by feeding carp kidneys with and without spores in laboratory experiments. in field experiments one year-old parasite-free common carp were successfully infected.	1989	2782666
[the dynamics of the immunologic indices of carp exposed to methylene blue].	several immunological and haematological indices as well as infection of carp with ectoparasites of the dactylogyrus genus have been studied in fish that have been subjected to methylene blue treatment, to infection with rhabdovirus carpio and aeromonas hydrophila in different combinations. a dosage of 0.05 mg/l (exposure lasting for 3 days) over 20 days increases most of the immunological indices. a treatment of the carp with drug (dosage of 100 mg/l) for 4 hours has a stimulating effect on the ...	1989	2792442
the parasitemia of cloned trypanoplasma borreli laveran and mesnil, 1901, in laboratory-infected common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the course of parasitemia of cloned trypanoplasma borreli in laboratory-infected common carp was investigated. in 25-42-g carp kept at 20 c, the prepatent period was 8 days; after a phase of exponential growth, the parasitemia peaked at day 39 postinjection (pi) at a level of about 10(3) t. borreli/microliters blood. this maximum was followed by a chronic phase of about 6 wk with large numbers of t. borreli. at 20 wk pi, t. borreli was absent in infected carp. in 2.2-g carp kept at 20 c, the pre ...	1989	2795371
the 18p- syndrome. report of five cases.	five children, three males and two females were found to have a short arm deletion of chromosome 18. four of them display some of the typical features of this syndrome: microcephaly, round face, hypertelorism, broad-based nose, "carp-mouth", microrethrognathia, pterygium colli, dysplastic and low set ears, clinodactily, failure to grow, muscular hypotony and mental retardation. different hypotheses are discussed in order to explain the variable phenotypical expression of the 18 p-syndrome.	1989	2817777
enzymatic properties of fish muscle aldolase.	1. aldolases were isolated from the ordinary muscle of red sea bream pagrus major, pacific mackerel scomber japonicus, and carp cyprinus carpio by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose and cm-sepharose cl-6b columns, and examined for enzymatic properties. 2. the aldolases showed the highest activity in a ph range from 6.8-7.8 km values for fructose-1,6-bisphosphate ranged from 0.025-0.10 mm. 3. irrespective of fish species, aldolase activity wa ...	1989	2924547
enzymatic properties of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from fish muscle.	1. glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was isolated from the ordinary muscle of red sea bream pagrus major, pacific mackerel scomber japonicus and carp cyprinus carpio by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by deae-sepharose cl-6b and deae-cellulose column chromatography and sephadex g-150 gel filtration, and examined for enzymatic properties. 2. their optimum ph values in the backward reaction ranged from 7.8 to 8.2, and km values from 1.56 to 1.90 mm. 3. irrespective of the species o ...	1989	2776431
melatonin and its generating system in vertebrate retina: circadian rhythm, effect of environmental lighting and interaction with dopamine.	retinas of rats, rabbits, chicks and carp possess enzymes, i.e. serotonin n-acetyltransferase (nat) and hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase (hiomt), which convert serotonin (5-ht) to melatonin, nat activity and melatonin levels, but not hiomt activity, show distinct circadian rhythms, with peak values occurring during the dark (night) phase of the 12 h light-dark cycle. exposure of the animals to light at night inhibited the night-stimulated nat activity. treatment of rats and rabbits with the dop ...	1989	20504441
motor innervation of respiratory muscles and an opercular display muscle in siamese fighting fish betta splendens.	horseradish peroxidase was used to identify motor neurons projecting to the adductor mandibulae, levator hyomandibulae, levator operculi, adductor operculi, and dilator operculi muscles in siamese fighting fish, betta splendens. these muscles participate in the production of respiratory and feeding movements in teleost fishes. the dilator operculi is also the effector muscle for gill-cover erection behavior that is part of betta's aggressive display. the motor innervation of these muscles in bet ...	1989	2592620
positive feedback control by the gonads on gonadotropin (gth) and gonadoliberin (gnrh) levels in experimentally matured female silver eels,anguilla anguilla.	treatment of sham-operated female silver eels with carp pituitary extract stimulated ovarian development and induced increases in pituitary gonadotropin (gth) and gonadoliberin (gnrh) contents. both effects of carp pituitary extract were abolished in ovariectomized eels, indicating the involvement of the gonads. endogenous sexual steroids, the secretion of which was increased during sexual maturation, should be responsible for the stimulation of gth and gnrh levels. ovariectomy itself had no sig ...	1989	24221767
1,1,1-trichloroethane: medium-term toxicity to carp, daphnids, and higher plants.	the toxicity of 1,1,1-trichloroethane to carp (cyprinus carpio) and daphnids (daphnia magna) and the effects of gaseous-phase exposure on the growth of higher plants (sorghum bicolor and brassica napus) were investigated. the test systems were designed to minimize loss of the volatile material during the exposure period. during an exposure period of 14 days, there were no mortalities or other symptoms of toxicity in carp exposed to a mean measured 1,1,1-trichloroethane concentration of 7.7 mg/li ...	1989	2737111
homologous radioimmunoassay and radioreceptorassay of gonadotropic hormone for an indian carp catla catla.	a homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for indian carp (c. catla) gonadotropin (gth) was developed by using purified catla gth and its specific antiserum. in ouchterlony agar diffusion, antisera raised against purified catla gth (cgth), showed clear crossreaction. catla-anti gth (anti-cgth) did not cross-reacted with catla tsh enriched fraction. immunocrossreaction was further confirmed with competitive binding inhibition studies where displacement of radiolabelled cgth was precisely linear against ...	1989	10766567
effects of anoxia on catecholamine levels in brain and kidney of the crucian carp.	catecholamine synthesis requires o2. crucian carp (carassius carassius l.), which are extremely anoxia tolerant, were exposed to anoxia for 76 or 160 h. the brain levels of dopamine and norepinephrine (no epinephrine was found in brain) remained relatively constant even after nearly 1 wk of anoxia, indicating very well-functioning transmitter reuptake mechanisms and/or the absence of o2-independent degradation. in contrast, in the kidney (which contains chromaffin tissue), the catecholamine cont ...	1989	2750953
the beta-actin gene of carp (ctenopharyngodon idella).		1989	2762162
effects of textile dye stuff effluent on food utilization of cyprinus carpio (linn.).	dye stuff effluent at 15% caused 100% mortality within 24 hr; 96 hr lc50 value being 10% concentration. prolonged exposure of c. carpio to chosen sublethal concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7 or 9%) reduced the food intake and increased the maintenance cost. exposure also caused significant reduction in growth rate and conversion efficiency; these values averaged to 11 mg/g/day and 28% in the control group (0% concentration) respectively and decreased to 0.8 mg/g/day and 4% respectively at 9% concentrati ...	1989	2633962
morphology of blood cells in carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the morphology of blood cells in the carp was investigated by light and electron microscopy. erythrocytes, thrombocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes and monocytes were identified as the peripheral blood cells. thrombocytes were round to long oval, each containing vesicular and microtubular structures and an oval nucleus with abundant heterochromatins. lymphocytes were divided into three types in size, small, medium and large. some of the small and medium lymphocytes were alpha-naphthyl-acetate est ...	1989	2601228
an antioxidant dependent in vitro response of rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri) somatotrophs to carp growth hormone-releasing factor (grf).		1989	2515141
[effects of uv-irradiation of carp sperm and its modification by caffeine].	in connection with the development of uv-induced mutagenesis in carp, the effects of uv-irradiation of sperms have been studied in the range of doses 0.3-40 j/m2. the irradiation did not cause reduced fertilization ability and cleavage delay. small doses of irradiation (0.6 j/m2) produced stimulating effect on embryo survival, the larvae yield decreasing and the amount of aberrant anaphases increasing, as the doses are increased. ld50 is 6.0 j/m2 for embryonal period of carp development, photore ...	1989	2625201
the temperature dependence of the time course of growth and decay of miniature end-plate currents in carp extraocular muscle following thermal acclimation.	1. the effect of temperature (5-35 degrees c) on the decay and growth phases of miniature end-plate currents (mepcs) was investigated in extraocular muscle from freshwater carp acclimated to either high (28 degrees c) or low (8 degrees c) temperature. 2. the temperature dependence of the time constant of decay (td) was found to follow an arrhenius relationship; the relationship between logtd and reciprocal of absolute temperature (1/k) being linear in both groups. the td of mepcs recorded from c ...	1989	2533239
similarity of ion dependence of odorant responses between lipid bilayer and olfactory system.	in a previous paper (nomura and kurihara (1987) biochemistry 26, 6135-6140), we demonstrated that the lipid bilayer membranes exhibit membrane potential changes in response to various odorants similarly to olfactory cells. the present study demonstrated that ion dependence of the responses of the lipid membranes to odorants is related to that in the carp olfactory system in the following point. (1) the responses to odorants diminished at low concentrations of salts and recovered upon addition of ...	1989	2804055
restrained least squares refinement of native (calcium) and cadmium-substituted carp parvalbumin using x-ray crystallographic data at 1.6-a resolution.	carp parvalbumin coordinates calcium through one carbonyl oxygen atom and the oxygen-containing side chains of 5 amino acid residues, or 4 residues and a water molecule, in a helix-loop-helix structural motif. other calcium-binding proteins, including calmodulin and troponin c, also possess this unique calcium-binding design, which is designated ef-hand or calmodulin fold. parvalbumin has two such sites, labeled cd and ef. each of the calcium-binding sites of refined structures of proteins belon ...	1989	2777802
some observations on the narcotizing ability of electric currents on the common carp cyprinus carpio.	some effects of alternating current electronarcosis and of rectified current electronarcosis on c. carpio were investigated. in all instances recovery from narcosis was accompanied by convulsive spasms. haemorrhaging of the gills was also observed to occur. carp do not appear to be suitable candidates for electronarcosis.	1989	2812707
biological activities of ganglion extracts from a prosobranch mollusc, fusinus ferrugineus.	acetone extract of the ganglia of fusinus ferrugineus was applied to c-18 cartridges, and the flowthrough and retained materials were bioassayed on the radula retractor muscle of the animal. the flowthrough was found to have a potent contractile action and the retained material a potent contraction-inhibiting action in addition to a weak contractile action. the retained material was then applied to a column (2.6 x 40 cm) of sephadex g-15. fractions of 4 ml each were collected, and their activiti ...	1989	2584053
development of "csaba cells" in experimentally infected cyprinus carpio.	the development of "csaba cells" in the blood of experimentally infected common carp showed the various different stages as previously described in the literature. most frequent were stage 1 and later stage 5 cells. 3 subsequent passages were successful.	1989	2817508
identification and determination of tert-alkylphenols in carp from the trenton channel of the detroit river, michigan, usa.	whole carp from the detroit river were analyzed by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry. seven tertiary alkyl phenols (tert-pentylphenols, tert-butyl-tert-pentylphenols, a di-tert-pentylphenol and a tri-tert-pentylphenol) and eight chlorinated derivatives of these compounds were identified from their mass spectra and confirmed with synthesized authentic standards. 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol was the most abundant of these compounds; in one fish sample, its concentration was about 140 ppm. the same ...	1989	2775903
development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for goldfish gonadotropin.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for goldfish gonadotropin (gth) was developed with the intent of devising a simple, reliable and nonradioisotopic assay for the measurement of gth in goldfish biological samples. in this assay, soluble gth of the standards or samples competes with carp gth (cgth) immobilized on a solid support (96-well microplate) for the fixation on antibodies to the beta-subunit of carp gonadotropin. the immobilized antigen-antibody complexes are then revealed by th ...	1989	2679899
immunocytochemical demonstration of melanin-concentrating hormone and proopiomelanocortin-like products in the brain of the trout and carp.	immunocytochemistry on frozen sections revealed that in both the trout and the carp, parvocellular neurones located in the medial basal hypothalamus (medial nucleus lateralis tuberis) were immunostained by antisera against three molecules known to be derived from the proopiomelanocortin (pomc) molecule, viz: alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha msh), acth, and salmonid npp--the whole n-terminal sequence preceding acth in the pomc precursor. axons from these neurones extended into various ...	1989	2663629
species differences in the adrenergic responses of fish red cells: studies on whitefish, pikeperch, trout and carp.	the occurrence and ph dependence (phe 7-8) of the adrenergic red cell responses of two salmonids, trout and whitefish, and a percinid, pikeperch were studied. these are all species that live in well-oxygenated waters. the responses were compared to those of carp, which tolerates oxygen-deficient waters.the adrenergic responses of trout and whitefish red cells were pronounced. in these species red cell swelling, the accumulation of sodium and chloride in the cell, and the increase in red cell oxy ...	1989	24227072
the effect of feeding three anabolic steroids in different combinations on the growth, food conversion efficiency and protein and nucleic acid levels of liver, kidney, brain and muscle of mirror carp (cyprinus carpio).	a study on the effect of three different anabolic-androgenic steroids on the growth, food conversion efficiency and nucleic acid contents of liver, kidney, brain and muscle of carp,cyprinus carpio was undertaken. the three steroids, methyltestosterone (mt), ethylestrenol (ee) and oxandrolone (on), were fed in different combinations at final concentrations of 5 or 6 mg/kg diet for 60 days. no effect on the growth was observed in any of the experimental groups. a decrease in the specific growth ra ...	1989	24227070
oxidative properties of carp red and white muscle.	substrate preferences of isolated mitochondria and maximal enzyme activities were used to assess the oxidative capacities of red muscle (rm) and white muscle (wm) of carp (cyprinus carpio). a 14-fold higher activity of citrate synthase (cs) in rm reflects the higher mitochondrial density in this tissue. rm mitochondria oxidize pyruvate and fatty acyl carnitines (8:o, 12:o, 16:o) at similarly high rates. wm mitochondria oxidize these fatty acyl carnitines at 35-70% the rate of pyruvate, depending ...	1989	2732662
interactions between oocytes of different maturational stages in the carp cyprinus carpio: effects on maturational and steroidogenic activity in vitro.	ovarian fragments from carp which had received injections of saline (control) or carp hypophysial homogenate (primed) were incubated both alone and a cocultures of primed and control tissue in the presence of carp pituitary extract. the results showed that the cocultures were not simply the sums of separate incubations. oocyte maturation was retarded in primed tissue but advanced in control tissue and concentrations of 17,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta p) in the medium were signif ...	1989	2737454
effects of metal ions on cyprinid fish immune response: in vitro effects of zn2+ and mn2+ on the mitogenic response of carp pronephros lymphocytes.	lymphocytes from the pronephros of carp (cyprinus carpio l) have been subjected to transformation by mitogens, concanavalin a (con a), phytohemagglutinin (pha), and lipopolysaccharides (lps), with zn or mn at varying concentrations. addition of zn2+ (10(-7) to 10(-3) m) to mitogen-stimulated t and b cells enhanced [3h]thymidine incorporation. addition of 10(-5) m zn2+ inhibited the response to con a, pha, and lps. at this concentration, zn was toxic. addition of mn2+ (10(-7) to 10(-3) m) to mito ...	1989	2737112
lateral feedback from monophasic horizontal cells to cones in carp retina. ii. a quantitative model.	about half of the monophasic horizontal cells in carp retina receive input from both red- and green-sensitive cones. since the horizontal cells feed back to cones, the color and feedback pathways result in wavelength- and intensity-dependent changes of the dynamics and of the receptive field amplitude profile of the horizontal cell responses. in this paper we present a quantitative model that describes adequately the color and spatial coding and the dynamics of the responses from monophasic hori ...	1989	2732680
new carp park ahead.		1989	2927496
efferent tectal cells of crucian carp: physiology and morphology.	tectal cells of the crucian carp (carassius ararssius) showing antidromic responses evoked by rhombencephalic electrical stimulation were physiologically studied and subsequently stained with lucifer yellow ch. the stained efferent tectal cells were fusiform, horizontal, and multipolar. the main axon of these efferent tectal cells descended along the wall of the deep tegmentum and could be traced to the motor area below the cerebellum. the axons gave off their collaterals in several brain areas: ...	1989	2706544
xanes spectroscopy sensitivity to small electronic changes. case of carp azidomethemoglobin.	spin states equilibrium of hemoglobin-iron varies with external conditions: ph, allosteric effectors, temperature. the small electronic reorganization of the iron caused by the spin state changes has been detected by x-ray absorption near edge structure (xanes) spectroscopy at room temperature. the iron k-edge region which is sensitive to spin state is located in 7110-7130 ev. here are presented the 100% high spin and 100% low spin xanes spectra of carp azido ferric hemoglobin.	1989	2914617
muscarinic cholinergic components in the carp brain.	the activity of the muscarinic cholinergic system (acetylcholine, ach; acetylcholinesterase, ache; choline acetyltransferase, chat; muscarinic acetylcholine receptors) was studied in the carp brain. the ach content (13.9 +/- 1.1 nmol/g wet tissue) was estimated by gas chromatography after microwave irradiation focused to the head. the ache and chat activities were 153 +/- 13 nmol/min/mg protein and 817 +/- 50 pmol/min/mg protein, respectively. the characteristics of [(3)h](?)quinuclidinyl benzil ...	1989	20504527
a functional explanation for a sequence of developmental events in the carp. the absence of gills in early larvae.	the animal body is composed of structural elements which can be characterized by their size, position, external form, internal structure and their participation in functions. their presence is taken for granted. the ontogenetic sequence of development of functional systems in fish shows an early absence of gills although effective and fast suction feeding movements are already found in 6 mm larvae. calculations of the oxygen diffusion boundary layer in these larvae which would be present when or ...	1989	2816523
neuroglia in the optic tectum of teleosts.	the morphology of the neuroglial cells of the optic tectum of cyprinid teleosts (cyprinus carpio and barbus bocagei) was analyzed using two variants of the golgi method (colonnier and meyer) and electron microscopy. although the description of the results is based on the three classical neuroglial types (ependymocytes, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), their analysis shows that the differentiation between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes is complex. owing to the occurrence of numerous elements wi ...	1989	2794486
a major histocompatibility locus in fish: serological identification and segregation of transplantation antigens in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	in this study, experiments are described that were designed to investigate whether fish have an immune regulatory systems similar to the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) in higher vertebrate species. from combinations of gynogenetic carp showing either slow or fast rejection of skin transplants, the latter were chosen for alloantiserum production by hyperimmunization with peripheral blood leucocytes. the resulting alloantisera were analyzed for hemagglutinating reactivity with gynogenetic ...	1989	2793208
immunostimulating influence of levamisole on nonspecific immunity in carp (cyprinus carpio).		1989	2767313
comparative study of the anatomy and laminar organization in the olfactory bulb of three orders of freshwater teleosts.	the anatomy and lamination of the olfactory bulb in cyprinus carpio, tinca tinca, barbus bocagei (fam. cyprinidae, or. cypriniformes); salmo gairdneri (fam. salmonidae, or. salmoniformes); and gambusia affinis (fam. poeciliidae, or. cyprinodontiformes), all of them freshwater teleosts, are studied. these species show significative differences on the location, size, morphology, and lamination of their olfactory bulbs. the presence of a new stratum in the olfactory bulb of salmo gairdneri and a co ...	1989	2759410
[lipid composition of cyprinidae species. 1. lipid content and fatty acid pattern of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitris (val.))].		1989	2716812
fast activity and oscillatory potential of carp retina in the frequency domain.	there are two kinds of fast activity in the erg: fast retinal potentials (frp), an irregular series of spiky wavelets and oscillatory potentials (op), a rhythmic sequence of events. corneal erg from nine intact young carps, evoked by extended pulses of diffuse white light under mesopic adaptation, displayed two different groups of wavelets related to on and off, respectively. stimulation and recording conditions were established to permit separate fourier analysis of both groups of wavelets. pow ...	1989	2629209
ultrastructural observations on different developmental stages of goussia sinensis (chen, 1955), a parasite of the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix valenciennes, 1844).	the development of goussia sinensis, a coccidium parasitizing the intestine of the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was studied by electron microscopy. all stages developed in the epithelial cells, less frequently in the goblet cells, and were located within a parasitophorous vacuole. in some cases one cell was invaded by several merozoites. eight to sixteen merozoites were formed within the meront by ectomerogony. the ultrastructural processes characteristic of gamogony were the same a ...	1989	2627006
neural mechanisms of chromatic adaptation in l-type cone horizontal cells of the carp retina.	when a background light is delivered, the responsiveness of horizontal cells to light stimulus initially lowers but subsequently recovers gradually as shown by the increase in response amplitude to test light. these changes of responsiveness are observed when white or close wavelengths are used for both the background and test lights. however, the response amplitude to blue-green test light was initially enhanced but decreased and reached a steady state after the onset of red background illumina ...	1989	2615034
purification and characterization of cu,zn-superoxide dismutase from common carp liver.	1. common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) liver cu,zn-superoxide dismutase (cu,zn-sod) was purified and characterized. 2. its molecular weight, isoelectric point, electrophoretic mobility, amino acid pattern and some other characteristics were determined.	1989	2591201
d-aspartate potentiates the effects of both l-aspartate and l-glutamate on carp horizontal cells.	l-aspartate, l-glutamate and d-aspartate, alone or in combination, were applied by superfusion or by atomization to the isolated carp retina while recording from cone horizontal cells. each of these agents when applied alone depolarized horizontal cells and reduced the size of their light responses, an action which mimics the effect of the endogenous photoreceptor transmitter. application of d-aspartate in conjunction with either of the l-amino acids potentiated the effects the l-amino acids so ...	1989	2573859
the roles of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in the chronotropic responses to norepinephrine in carp heart (cyprinus carpio).	1. the chronotropic effect of norepinephrine was studied in isolated spontaneously beating atrial preparations of carp (cyprinus carpio) heart. 2. norepinephrine, 0.1 microm, caused a positive chronotropic effect, while at 1 microm it caused either a positive or a negative chronotropic effect. the positive chronotropic effect, observed in 13 preparations, was potentiated by phentolamine and almost completely blocked by propranolol. 3. the negative chronotropic effect observed in the other 5 prep ...	1989	2566437
histamine directly acts on beta-adrenoceptors as well as h1-histaminergic receptors, and causes positive inotropic effects in isolated ventricular muscles of carp heart (cyprinus carpio).	1. the mechanism for positive and negative inotropic effects of histamine was studied in electrically stimulated ventricular strips of carp heart. 2. a high concentration of histamine (1 mm) caused a transient negative, and subsequent positive inotropic effects. the positive effect was significantly reduced by pyrilamine, diphenhydramine or dl-propranolol, but was not affected by cimetidine or d-propranolol. 3. prior treatment with reserpine significantly decreased epinephrine and norepinephrine ...	1989	2566436
some characteristics of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase activity in eggs of carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri).	1. monoamine oxidase (mao) activity towards tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) and phenylethylamine (pea) has been measured in mitochondria isolated from carp and trout eggs. 2. in carp eggs all the tested substrates are metabolized and the highest affinity is found with tryptamine. in trout eggs a consistent level of mao activity is obtained using tryptamine. 3. the inhibition dose-response curves of clorgyline and deprenyl indicate that both in carp and trout eggs there is only one form of ...	1989	2565193
glucuronides in mussel mytilus galloprovincialis as a possible biomonitor of environmental carcinogens.	1. the in vitro incubation of mussel digestive gland with 1 mm aminofluorene resulted in the formation of glucuronides that (a) became mutagenic with carp liver s9, and (b) liberated s9-dependent mutagenic aglucones after beta-glucuronidase treatment. 2. natural populations of mussels from unpolluted and polluted sites, as well as mussels exposed to 3 ppm of aminofluorene or to used engine oil, did not accumulate detectable amounts of premutagens, mutagens, or mutagenic glucuronides/aglucones ei ...	1989	2565191
elevation of sex steroids and inhibition of udp-glucuronyltransferase are out of phase during gonadal maturation in the common carp.	1. plasma sex steroid concentrations, onset of gonadal maturation, and hepatic microsomal udp-glucuronyltransferase (udpgt) activities were followed under natural temperature and photoperiod in outdoor tanks, and under controlled laboratory temperature and photoperiod regimens in common carp (cyprinus carpio). 2. decreased activity of udpgt was out of phase with elevations in plasma testosterone and 17 beta-estradiol during gonadal maturation. 3. injection of pituitary extract induced final gona ...	1989	2565184
comparison of calpain i and calpain ii from carp muscle.	1. the content of calpain ii is 3.4 times more than that of calpain i when estimated by the elution profiles from a column of deae-cellulose. 2. calpain i required 1 mm ca2+ and calpain ii required 5 mm ca2+ to show the full activities. these data demonstrated that ca2+-sensitivities of both calpains were lower than those of mammalian calpains, respectively. 3. the optimum caseinolytic activity was ph 7.2 for calpain i and ph 7.5 for calpain ii. 4. the molecular weight of calpain i was estimated ...	1989	2539943
acetylcholinesterase in the alimentary canal of fish: light and electron microscopic detection, quantitative distribution in different segments of the gut.	the acetylcholinesterase activity was measured and histochemically localized in the alimentary tract of 2 fish species, carp (cyprinus carpio) and tench (tinca tinca). a comparison was made of the activities in the different gut segments. light and electron microscopic histochemistry revealed acetylcholinesterase-positive cell bodies along the entire length of the alimentary canal in both species, between the muscular layers. acetylcholinesterase-positive, cholinergic motor endplates were freque ...	1989	2516680
[hormonal stimulation, in vivo, of the ovary of european eel in the yellow stage].	the immature ovary of yellow eel was stimulated by a long-term treatment with a gonadotropin ii rich extract of carp pituitary. ovarian follicles of treated yellow eels showed an accumulation of lipidic vacuoles in the oocyte cytoplasm and a thickened follicular envelope (in this regard, they resembled the ovarian follicles of previously studied silver eels). the treatment also resulted in a significant but limited increase in the gonadosomatic ratio and mean follicle size (these values were muc ...	1990	2291806
cytoarchitecture and fiber connections of the nucleus lateralis valvulae in the carp (cyprinus carpio).	the cytoarchitecture and fiber connections of the nucleus lateralis valvulae of the carp (cyprinus carpio) were studied by nissl, bodian, golgi, and horseradish peroxidase methods. chief cells composing the nucleus lateralis valvulae (nlv) are small and granular, and their axons terminate in the cerebellum. these neurons have no dendrite, and the cell body is enveloped in a single terminal of afferent fibers to the nlv. in order to observed local cell clustering, the nlv was three-dimensionally ...	1990	2229471
gaba-ergic and glycinergic pathways in the inner plexiform layer of the goldfish retina.	gaba-ergic and glycinergic circuitry in the inner plexiform layer of the goldfish retina was evaluated by electron microscopic autoradiography of 3h-gaba and 3h-glycine uptake, combined with retrograde horseradish peroxidase (hrp) labeling of ganglion cells. gaba-ergic and glycinergic synapses were found on labeled ganglion cells throughout the inner plexiform layer. this reinforces the idea that physiological evidence of gaba-ergic and glycinergic influence on a variety of ganglion cells in gol ...	1990	2298935
isolation, amino-acid sequence, synthesis and biological properties of urotensin i from hippoglossoides elassodon.	abstract a 41-residue urotensin i neuropeptide (h-ui) was isolated from urophyses of the marine teleost hippoglossoides elassodon (the flathead sole). the peptide was recognized by its partial cross-reactivity in a radioimmunoassay developed for catostomus (sucker) ul (s-ui), and was purified by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. the amino-acid sequence was shown to be h-ser-glu-glu-pro-pro-met-ser-lle-asp-leu-thr-phe-his-met-leu-arg-asn-met-lle-his-arg-ala-lys-met-glu-gly-gl ...	1990	19215432
the development of a radioimmunoassay for carp, cyprinus carpio, vitellogenin.	the development of an easily - performed and robust radioimmunoassay (ria) to carp, cyprinus carpio, vitellogenin (c-vtg) is described. purified c-vtg was iodinated using iodogen. the resulting c-vtg label was useful for up to 60 days. high titre antibodies were raised in rabbits to the purified c-vtg. the practical operating range of the c-vtg ria was between 2 and 200 ng. ml(-1). vtg was detected in plasma from all female mirror carp investigated, and all plasmas diluted parallel to the standa ...	1990	24221946
brain growth patterns in four european cyprinid fish species (cyprinidae, teleostei): roach (rutilus rutilus), bream (abramis brama), common carp (cyprinus carpio) and sabre carp (pelecus cultratus).	this study compares brain growth in 4 species of cyprinids, each distinctly different in adult brain morphology: roach have generalized brains; bream are characterized by well-developed visual, octavolateralis and gustatory brain regions; common carp show chemosensory (gustatory)-dominated brains, and sabre carp octavolateralis-dominated brains. the growth patterns of 16 regions relative to total brain volume were investigated by computer-aided quantitative histology to illustrate internal brain ...	1990	2379081
influence of quaternary structure of the globin on thermal spin equilibria in different methemoglobin derivatives.	we have measured the paramagnetic susceptibilities of sperm whale azide metmyoglobin and of carp azide, thiocyanate, and nitrite methemoglobin in the quaternary oxy (r) and deoxy (t) structures between about 300 and 90 k, using a new sensitive superconducting magnetometer. we have also measured the pressure dependence of the high- and low-spin optical absorption bands of azide metmyoglobin and of carp azide methemoglobin in the r and t structures between 1 and 2000-4000 atmospheres. at low tempe ...	1990	210801
substrate specificity for myelin basic protein-specific protein methylase i.	the substrate specificity of bovine brain myelin basic protein (mbp)-specific protein methylase i (s-adenosyl-l-methionine:protein-l-arginine n-methyltransferase, ec 2.1.1.23), which methylates arginine residues of protein, has been studied using various mbps, several synthetic peptides and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex protein (hnrnp). (1) among mbps from different species of brain, the carp mbp was found to be the best substrate for mbp-specific protein methylase i. this high ...	1990	1694691
growth hormone-dependent potentiation of gonadotropin-stimulated steroid production by ovarian follicles of the goldfish.	the possible involvement of growth hormone (gh) in the regulation of ovarian function in the goldfish was investigated by determining the effects of common carp gh on steroid production by vitellogenic and preovulatory ovarian follicles incubated in vitro. carp gh acts in a dose-dependent manner to potentiate the actions of common carp gonadotropin (gth) on the production of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone by vitellogenic ovarian follicles and the actions of human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) ...	1990	1697273
development and validation of a competitive enzyme immunoassay for chum salmon prolactin: a comparison to radioimmunoassay.	an enzyme immunoassay (eia), based on a competitive assay system, for the measurement of prolactin (prl) in the pituitary of salmonid fishes and of hormone released in medium from incubated pituitary was developed using a rabbit antiserum to chum salmon prl (prl, a combination of prl i and prl ii). chum salmon prl was coupled to horseradish peroxidase (hrp). the incubation procedure for the antigen-antibody reaction was analogous to that in the radioimmunoassay (ria) for prl. the antibody-bound ...	1990	1705233
presence of four tachykinins in an acid extract of the carp intestinal bulb (cyprinus carpio).	1. the pharmacological and chemical properties of substance p-like peptides isolated from an acid extract of the carp intestinal bulb were examined using guinea-pig ileum longitudinal smooth muscle. 2. on a sephadex g25 column (3 x 96 cm), smooth muscle contracting material was eluted as two peaks (fraction-1 and fraction-2). the molecular weight of the fraction-1 was estimated to be 2300 and that of the fraction-2 to be 1530. 3. the pharmacological properties of the contracting materials in fra ...	1990	1705490
distribution and migration pathways of hnk-1-immunoreactive neural crest cells in teleost fish embryos.	whole mounts and cross-sections of embryos from three species of teleost fish were immunostained with the hnk-1 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes an epitope on migrating neural crest cells. a similar distribution and migration was found in all three species. the crest cells in the head express the hnk-1 epitope after they have segregated from the neural keel. the truncal neural crest cells begin to express the epitope while they still reside in the dorsal region of the neural keel; this has ...	1990	1706978
tropomyosin from the striated muscles of carp (cyprinus carpio) and of icefish (channichthys rhinoceratus).	tropomyosin of fast-twitch, slow-twitch and cardiac muscles of carp and icefish has been isolated by hydroxyapatite chromatography. the subunit distribution has been investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by peptide mapping. the purified skeletal muscle tropomyosins all belong to the alpha family and differ from higher vertebrate tropomyosin by the lack of beta subunits. specific alpha isotypes are however encountered in fast-twitch fibres (alpha w subunit) and slow-twitch or int ...	1990	1708998
[characteristics of adenosine triphosphatase activity in carp erythrocytes treated with saponin].	the activities of ca-atpase and na,k-atpase in saponin-treated erythrocytes of man, rat and carp were compared. it was shown that at free calcium concentrations lower than 1 microm the activity of ca-atpase in carp erythrocytes was by one order of magnitude lower than in rat erythrocytes and 3-4 times lower than in human red blood cells. at [ca2+] = 0.4 microm the activities of na,k-atpase in all species under study were essentially the same. the increase in ca2+ concentration up to 1 microm res ...	1990	1963091
isoelectric analysis of 3h-pargyline-labelled monoamine oxidase in rat and carp.	1. after selective binding of [3h]pargyline to either monoamine oxidase (mao) a or mao b in the rat liver, mao b alone in the rat brain and mao in carp brain and liver, molecular weight and isoelectric points (pi) of these mao were determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing and results obtained were compared. 2. for all tissues tested, sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of [3h]pargyline-bound samples revealed a labelled protein ban ...	1990	1980888
growth of organs and tissues in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) larvae.	growth of some internal organs and tissues was studied in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) in order to provide baseline information on the growth process during the first posthatching stages of fish, and to compare the trend observed in fish to that known in other animals. growth of organs and tissues (liver, pancreas, trunk muscles, digestive tract, eyes, nervous system) was studied in rapidly growing carp (cyprinus carpio l.) larvae by means of a quantitative histological method. mean body weight of ...	1990	2074119
conformational comparisons among homologous bony fish 5s ribosomal rnas.	the reversible thermal melting of homologous 5s ribosomal rnas of three bony fishes, rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri), carp (cyprinus carpio), and dog salmon (onchorhynchus keta), were compared in aqueous salts (sodium chloride and/or divalent metal chlorides) by means of differential optical absorption at 260 and 280 nm, and c.d. at 265 nm. the melting parameters of the multiphasic melting process were conserved among the homologous rnas, and it was shown that they did not depend on the methods ...	1990	2083239
[the seasonal appearance of swim bladder inflammation in the course of sphaerospora renicola infection in carp].	in carp during 1st year the course of dynamics of the 3 known stages of sphaerospora renicola showed an increase of the kidney infection in winter and spring (with inhibited sporulation). the winter/spring-peak was accompanied by an intensive blood-phase (c-stages). after august of the 1st summer the swimbladder-phase (k-stages) was not observed, although sbi occurred between january and april. under warm water condition this infection was discharged after september/october, the sbi never occurr ...	1990	2085211
[a novel group of nucleolar organizer region associating proteins].	with the scleroderma autoantinucleolar antiserum which was discribed in our previous paper, we identified a novel group of nucleolar organizer associating proteins, anop. by means of immunoblotting, it was found that anop mainly consists of three polypeptides with molecular weights of 65, 76, and 78 kd respectively. immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that anop is localized in the shells of dense fibril components surrounding fibrillar centers of nucleolus. moreover, indirect immunofluorescen ...	1990	2091420
rna-binding protein-related sequence in a malaria antigen, clustered-asparagine-rich protein.	members of the rna-binding protein superfamily contain rna binding domains of about 90 amino acids with a highly conserved motif 'gfgf'. using the conserved motif with some variations g-(f/y)-(g/a)-(f/y)-(v/i)-x-(f/y) as a probe, we screened protein sequences carrying identical amino acids in an nbrf-protein database. it has been found that the c-terminal portion of clustered asparagine-rich protein (carp), a malaria antigen from plasmodium falciparum, shows an unexpected sequence similarity wit ...	1990	2105236
growth of the penaeid shrimp virus infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus in a fish cell line.	an established fish cell line, epithelioma papillosum cyprini (epc), originating from the carp (cyprinus carpio) was found to be susceptible to the penaeid shrimp virus, infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihhnv). this economically important pathogen of penaeid shrimp raised in mariculture has been previously limited to growth only in young post-larval shrimps. this is, to our knowledge, the first reported successful growth of the penaeid virus in a fish cell line; it promise ...	1990	2117021
intestinal trematodes of humans in korea: metagonimus, heterophyids and echinostomes.	ten species of the trematode family heterophyidae (metagonimus yokogawai, m. takahashii, heterophyes nocens, h. heterophyes, h. dispar, heterophyopsis continua, pygidiopsis summa, stellantchasmus falcatus, centrocestus armatus and stictodora fuscatum), and 3 species of the family echinostomatidae (echinostoma hortense, e. cinetorchis and echinochasmus japonicus) have been found to infect humans in korea. biological and epidemiological studies on the above species have shown that metagonimus, het ...	1990	2133416
isolation and characterization of beta-actin gene of carp (cyprinus carpio).	a beta-actin gene of carp (cyprinus carpio) was isolated from a genomic embl3 library. the nucleotide sequence of the gene indicates six exons spanning 3.6 kb. southern blot hybridization of restriction endonuclease digests of carp genomic dna indicate that there are two copies of the beta-actin isotype and several other species of actin genes. the transcriptional start site is 85 bp and 24 bp downstream respectively from consensus ccaat and tata promoter elements. the organization of the carp b ...	1990	2134183
[the biology and pathogenicity of the carp parasite thelohanellus nikolskii (myxosporidia)].	the myxosporidian thelohanellus nikolskii has been recorded in young of carp in fish-breeding ponds of moldavia since 1982. sporogenesis takes place from june to august. single cysts with mature spores are found in winter and spring. the distribution of cysts in the host's population is of overdispersed character. haematological investigation has revealed the threshold level of the invasion when there are observed changes in the blood of infected fishes (8 to 10 cysts per 1 g of fish weight). th ...	1990	2147986
purification and subcellular localization of zn-dependent acid p-nitrophenylphosphatase in frog liver and comparison with other vertebrates.	zn2(+)-dependent acid p-nitrophenylphosphatase (zn-acpase) from liver of rana esculenta was purified to homogeneity. the purified enzyme moves as a single electrophoretic band at ph 8.3 in 7.5% acrylamide and was coincident with the enzyme activity. the enzyme has a molecular weight of 102,000 +/- 5,000d and is a dimer with two apparently similar polypeptide chains of 48,000 +/- 3,000d as determined by sodium dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis. zn-acpase from frog liver requires zn2+ ions for ca ...	1990	2161444
angiotensin-converting enzyme distribution and hypoxia response in mammal, bird, and fish.	angiotensin i-converting enzyme activity was measured in homogenates of guinea pig (cavia porcellus), chicken (gallus domesticus), and carp (cyprinus carpio) organs. the highest activity was found in guinea pig lung and chicken kidney. in carp the highest activity was found in heart and spleen, although gill arch also showed a high activity. acute hypoxia decreased the angiotensin i-converting enzyme activity in guinea pig lung and carp gill arch, but the changes in chicken lung and kidney were ...	1990	2167864
herpesviruses detected in papillomatous skin growths of koi carp (cyprinus carpio).	herpesviruses were found associated with epidermal hyperplasia of koi carp (cyprinus carpio) in northern california (usa). papillomas were found principally on the caudal regions of the fish including the fins. the growths occurred most commonly in the fall and winter among populations of captive carp. infected epidermal cells were characterized by greatly enlarged nuclei depleted of chromatin but with thickened nuclear membranes. numerous virions were detected in infected cells. herpesvirus nuc ...	1990	2174469
histamine in the retina: recent progress and perspectives.	this article presents some new findings, and shortly surveys recently published data, on histamine (ha) in the retina of several vertebrates (carp, hen, rabbit, rat, guinea pig, cow, man). analysis of various parameters (ha level, activity of histidine decarboxylase and ha-methyltransferase, release and uptake of ha, 3h-mepyramine binding, effect of ha on camp accumulation, diurnal variations) in vertebrate retina and brain shows that histaminergic systems in these sites are comparable, although ...	1990	2196761
immunological and ultrastructural characterization of true histiocytic lymphoma in the northern pike, esox lucius l.	an epidemic of a malignant neoplasm occurs in northern pike, esox lucius l., from the aland islands of finland. the neoplasm is morphologically similar to other pike hemic tumors reported in other areas of the world. pike normal tissues showed evolutionary conservation with the mammalian intermediate filament proteins cytokeratin, desmin, vimentin, neurofilament protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein; tumor cells are positive for vimentin, suggesting that the neoplasm is of mesenchymal ori ...	1990	2201440
close tip-to-tip contacts between dendrites of transient amacrine cells in carp retina.	in isolated retinas of the carp (cyprinus carpio) placed receptor side up in a plastic chamber, a subclass of amacrine cells, generating a fast on-off transient response to spot and annular light stimuli, were intracellularly recorded and injected with a fluorescent dye, lucifer yellow (ly). after brief fixation of the same preparations in aldehyde solution, the retinas were wholemounted vitreous side up in a tissue chamber. under a fluorescence microscope, one ly-injected cell and several dye-c ...	1990	2216051
growth, morphology and division of flagellates of the genus trypanoplasma (protozoa, kinetoplastida) in vitro.	nine strains of trypanoplasms were grown in axenic culture. cultures of trypanoplasma borreli laveran and mesnil, 1901 from fish hosts blicca bjoerkna, cyprinus carpio, scardinius erythrophthalmus and tinca tinca and of t. guerneyorum minchin, 1909 from esox lucius and trypanoplasma spp. from the leech piscicola geometra were maintained in biphasic blood-agar medium snb-9 supplemented with vitamins and antibiotics. in culture, the flagellates transformed into smaller, elongated stages with a lit ...	1990	2217113
structure of oncomodulin refined at 1.85 a resolution. an example of extensive molecular aggregation via ca2+.	the crystal structure of oncomodulin, a 12,000 mr protein isolated from rat tumours, has been determined by molecular replacement using the carp parvalbumin structure as a starting model. refinement was performed by cycles of molecular fitting and restrained least-squares, using area-detector intensity data to 1.85 a resolution. for the 5770 reflections in the range 6.0 to 1.85 a, which were used in the refinement, the crystallographic r-factor is 0.166. the refined model includes residues 2 to ...	1990	2231727
the effect of temperature on catalytic function of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from muscle of pig and carp cyprinus carpio.	1. the temperature dependence of the kinetics of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from white muscle of carp and skeletal muscle of pig was examined. 2. the km values of carp muscle enzyme were stable over the temperature range 5-35 degrees c, but increased for pig muscle enzyme with increasing temperature. 3. the arrhenius plot for pig muscle enzyme is linear but non-linear for carp muscle enzyme. 4. the differences indicate that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from white carp m ...	1990	2253480
comparison of the gamma-crystallins isolated from eye lenses of shark and carp. unique secondary and tertiary structure of shark gamma-crystallin.	gamma-crystallin isolated from the shark of cartilaginous fishes was compared with the cognate gamma-crystallin from the carp of bony fishes. distinct differences in amino acid compositions, primary, secondary and tertiary structures were found. the most salient features of shark gamma-crystallin lie in the fact that this crystallin possessed a significant alpha-helical structure in the peptide backbone as revealed by circular dichroism study, in contrast to those orthologous gamma-crystallins f ...	1990	2261977