Publications

the ontogeny of pulmonary alveolar macrophages in parabiotic mice.	a bilateral distribution of labeled blood monocytes was achieved by unilaterally labeling donor members of surgically parabiosed b6d2f1/j mice with tritiated thymidine (3htdr). labeled pulmonary alveolar macrophages (pam) were found in lung lavage fluid of donors. by contrast, no labeled pam were found in lung lavage fluid from unstimulated recipients, even 12 days after labeling. contralateral 3htdr flash labeling showed that in recipients 3%, or about 10(4), pam were in s phase of the cell cyc ...	1986	3462284
comparison of the effect of viral paramunity inducers pind-avi and pind-orf with that of bcg, corynebacterium parvum and levamisole on the growth of radiation-induced murine osteosarcoma.		1986	3463079
role of pulmonary macrophages in resistance to experimental metastasis.	intranasal inoculation of c3h/hen mice with propionibacterium acnes activates pulmonary macrophages but not splenic or peritoneal macrophages. when mice so treated were injected iv with tumor cells, no protection against the challenge was seen. conversely, inoculation of c3h/hen mice with p. acnes by the ip route activated splenic and peritoneal macrophages but not pulmonary macrophages. when mice with activated splenic and peritoneal macrophages were challenged with an iv injection of tumor cel ...	1986	3464675
bacterial aspects of chronic blepharitis.	patients with all forms of chronic blepharitis were thoroughly evaluated. these patients were found to have evidence for a primary bacterial component in the disease process only in the clinical staphylococcal and mixed seborrheic/staphylococcal forms of chronic blepharitis. evidence was found for a shared common pathway for staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci, and propionibacterium acnes to contribute to the disease process. these organisms were found to produce lypolytic ex ...	1986	3466455
anaerobic endophthalmitis caused by propionibacterium acnes.		1986	3484611
augmentation of nk activity and/or macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity in the liver by biological response modifiers including human recombinant interleukin 2.	administration of several biological response modifiers (brms) to mice strongly augmented natural killer (nk) activity of leukocytes isolated from the liver. this augmentation of nk activity was induced by two synthetic molecules (mve-2 and poly iclc), by two brms of bacterial origin (formalin-fixed propionibacterium acnes: p. acnes and a streptococcal cell wall preparation designated ok-432), as well as a single injection of human recombinant interleukin-2 (hril 2). all of these brms augmented ...	1986	3484675
role of t-cell subsets in the destruction of established metastases of 13762a rat mammary adenocarcinoma.	the 13762a rat mammary adenocarcinoma metastasizes with high frequency to regional lymph nodes and lungs. the intratumoral injection of corynebacterium parvum on day 7 followed by primary tumor excision on day 20 significantly prolonged survival and cured 10-40% of syngeneic f344 rats. established metastases were destroyed by the treatment, and strong and specific tumor rejection immunity was induced. the purpose of the present study was to determine if t-cells were required for the c. parvum tr ...	1986	3487670
incidence and growth of methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in mice with altered immunological status.	balb/c mice were treated s.c. with 3-methylcholanthrene (mca), and tumor incidence and growth were followed for 9 months. immunological status of mice was altered by various treatments. thymectomized, lethally irradiated, bone marrow reconstituted mice served as t-cell deficient recipients. in order to suppress natural killer (nk)-cell/macrophage functions some mice were injected with silica particles; to enhance these functions some mice were given corynebacterium parvum (cp). silica and cp wer ...	1986	3490910
inflammation after cataract surgery.		1986	3491544
propionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis seven months after extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation.	we present a case of endophthalmitis caused by propionibacterium acnes seven months following extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. the markedly delayed clinical course of endophthalmitis associated with this organism appears to be highly stereotypical. recognition and treatment of this complication of cataract surgery allows an excellent chance at cure.	1986	3493460
immunological adjuvants of natural origin and their adverse effects.		1986	2422897
[microbial pathogenesis of whipple's disease].	in a case of whipple's disease with electron microscopic demonstration of rod-shaped bacteria we could isolate propionibacterium acnes (former name: corynebacterium anaerobium), actinomyces, and lactobacillus from duodenal biopsies by the aid of modern anaerobic culture technique. simultaneously we found a dysbiosis (increase of anaerobic coca and anaerobes) in du odenal juice. after antibiotic treatment propionibacterium and lactobacillus disappeared and an other type of dysbiosis (appearance o ...	1986	2424711
aspartate-assisted immune stimulation: its importance in antitumor and antiviral protection.	immune stimulators such as corynebacterium parvum (cp) are useful for antitumoral and antiviral therapy. however, the immune trigger cannot be reactivated without adversely affecting the disease. we have tried to amplify the results yielded by a single injection of cp by using either interleukin-2 (il2) or aspartate salts (asp). in the present report, we show that il2 has no detectable clinical effect. in contrast, the addition of an asp salt increases the antiviral and antitumoral protection af ...	1986	2426209
immune modulating therapy in gastrointestinal cancer.		1986	2426941
interferon-mediated protection of b16 melanoma cells from cytotoxicity by activated macrophages.	corynebacterium parvum-activated macrophages (m phi), purified by adherence, were cytotoxic for b16 melanoma cells maintained in vitro. pretreatment of the melanoma cells for 18 hr with interferon-alpha/beta or -gamma (ifn-alpha/beta or -gamma) caused a reduced susceptibility of the b16 cells to m phi-mediated cytotoxicity. the ifn-induced protective effect of b16 cells from cytotoxic m phi was found to be dose dependent. in addition, ifn-gamma was more protective than ifn-alpha/beta. the protec ...	1986	2427205
effects of diethylstilbestrol on propionibacterium acnes immunomodulation: inhibition of macrophage activation and antitumor activity.	exposure of mice to diethylstilbestrol (des) inhibited propionibacterium acnes-induced antitumor activity in vivo against the b16f10 subcutaneous tumor. the inhibitory effect was associated with inhibition by des of the characteristic p. acnes induced splenomegaly and changes in splenic and peritoneal macrophages (m phi) cell populations. the characteristic p. acnes induced reductions in m phi alkaline phosphodiesterase i (apd) ectoenzyme activity and in total rna synthesis, proposed biochemical ...	1986	2430037
natural immunity to grafts of fld-3 erythroleukemia cells by irradiated mice.	mice were irradiated and infused with balb/c friend virus-induced fld-3 erythroleukemia cells. growth of the cells was estimated by measuring splenic incorporation of 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine-125i 5 days after cell transfer. balb/cj and c3h mice were 'poor responders' in that fld-3 cells grew well in their spleens, while mice of other strains were 'good responders', resisting the growth of fld-3 cells. no h-2 or fv genetic locus was associated with resistance. athymic nude mice and mice depleted o ...	1986	2430178
[comparative studies of the immunostimulating (paramunizing) effectiveness of bcg, levamisole, corynebacterium parvum and preparations of pock viruses in various in vivo and in vitro tests].		1986	2430381
the effect of oral zinc administration on sebum free fatty acids in acne vulgaris.	free fatty acids in sebum arise from lipolytic action of bacterial lipases. we have demonstrated an inhibitory effect of zinc on the lipase of the three propionibacterium species found in human pilosebaceous follicles. we were also able to show a small corresponding fall in the free fatty acid content of skin surface lipid in vivo in acne patients treated with zinc, though this failed to reach statistical significance.	1986	2430400
corynebacterium parvum in malignant pleural effusion. a randomized prospective study.	in a randomized trial, pleurodesis was attempted with corynebacterium parvum in one group and bleomycin in another. patients with malignant pleural effusion which required repeated drainage were treated with instillation of one of these agents after complete drainage of the pleural effusion. there were 32 patients who could be evaluated. sixty-five per cent of the patients treated with c. parvum had no recurrence after one treatment and another 29% after two treatments. in the bleomycin group, t ...	1986	2430825
interferon production in propionibacterium acnes treated mice.	interferonogenic properties of propionibacterium acnes (pa) was studied in vivo and in vitro using cba, balb/c and 129aoboy strains of mice. ifn was induced only in cba strain after i.v. pa injection. balb/c and 129aoboy mice did not produce ifn. in the sera of cba mice, obtained after i.p. injection of pa, interferon was not found. however, spleen cells of these mice produced ifn beginning from the 3rd day after injection. this interferon response lasted until the 10th week. furthermore, in viv ...	1986	2431669
prolongation of survival of mice bearing the eb and esb lymphoma by treatment with interferon inducers alone or in combination with corynebacterium parvum.	the objective of this study was to evaluate if pretreatment with corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) augments the effects of interferon (ifn) inducers on survival of dba/2 mice transplanted with two syngeneic lymphoma variants, the low metastatic eb and the high metastatic esb tumor. the involvement of ifn in the treatment effects was investigated. as inducers of ifn-alpha/beta newcastle disease virus (ndv), polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (polyi:polyc), and 10-carboxymethyl-9-acridanone (cma) we ...	1986	2431778
tests on protection against viral diseases.	despite many attempts to find reliable in vitro criteria for the efficacy of biological response modifiers--brms (immunomodulators, paramunity inducers) animal challenge models are still the only way to demonstrate the totality of interlocking defense mechanisms. challenge models with mouse pathogenic viruses provide an excellent possibility to study protective effects of brms against acute or chronic forms of viral diseases. for comparative studies two completely different virus challenge model ...	1986	2431829
splenocytes from tumor-bearing corynebacterium parvum treated mice maintain interleukin-2 and -3 activity.	systemic and local administration of the bacterium corynebacterium parvum (more accurately known as propionibacterium acnes) is reported to exert antitumor action via activated macrophages or short-lived cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl), respectively. this study examined the effect of c. parvum treatment on resulting in vitro interleukin levels, which are components in the sequence of events leading to the development of effective ctl. c. parvum administration prevented palpable fibrosarcoma develo ...	1986	2939948
[osteitis due to anaerobic corynebacteria in children. apropos of 4 cases].	the authors have seen four instances in children of osteitis due to a mycobacterium. the disease was subacute and situated in the tibia, the lumbar spine, the talus and the femur. in two cases the diagnosis was eventually mistakenly oriented towards tuberculosis or a malignant tumour. the correct diagnosis was obtained after a bone biopsy which demonstrated a granulomatous osteitis. in such cases there is an indication for a full biopsy and bacteriological examination with culture in aerobic and ...	1986	3809649
pathogenicity of propionibacterium acnes isolated from kawasaki disease patients--cytopathogenic protein (cpp) isolated from p. acnes culture filtrates and measurement of the antibody against cpp.		1986	3613504
the nosocomial colonization of t. bear.	a national effort to reduce nosocomial infections includes a program developed at the national institutes of health to encourage handwashing in hospitals and day care centers. the program promotes a symbolic teddy bear (t. bear) with slogans to remind hospital personnel and patients to practice handwashing. one of the items used is a stuffed toy t. bear to be dispensed to the hospitalized child. considering the manner in which children handle stuffed toys, we suspected the t. bear might serve as ...	1986	3640737
head-space gas-liquid chromatographic analysis for presumptive identification of bacteria in blood cultures.	a total of 445 strains of common aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were analyzed for their volatile microbial metabolites by head-space gas-liquid chromatography. the bacteria were incubated for 24 or 48 h in blood-containing trypticase soy or lombard-dowell glucose broth before being analyzed by automatic head-space injection. from the chromatographic pattern obtained, the majority of klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, morgan ...	1986	3816354
response of bacterial antigen in palmoplantar pustulosis.	motilities of leukocytes in response to bacterial antigens or sera were examined in tissues from patients with palmoplantar pustulosis (ppp). accelerated migration towards bacterial antigens was detected in the case of staphylococcus epidermidis in 9 of 19 patients, to propionibacterium acnes in 5 of 19, to proteus mirabilis and staphylococcus aureus in 3 of 19, while no acceleration was found in neutrophils from the controls. a significantly accelerated migration of normal lymphocytes in respon ...	1986	3820277
induction of the plateau phase and rescue of mopc 104e by nonspecific immunization.	the enhancement of mopc 104e myeloma growth by nonspecific immunostimulation with c. parvum or immunization with sheep red blood cells and levan mixture was evaluated in balb/c mice. we observed increased levels of serum mopc 104e igm and early mortality in the tumor-bearing mice following treatment with c. parvum or antigenic stimulation. the enhancement of tumor growth observed was due to the production of lymphokine mitogenic factors produced in response to the nonspecific immunostimulation.	1986	3828861
proliferative glomerulonephritis and chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis associated with corynebacterium parvum immunotherapy in a dog.		1987	3818425
propionibacterium acnes osteomyelitis: case report and review of the literature.	propionibacterium acnes, a part of the skin flora, caused vertebral osteomyelitis in a man who had recently undergone a microdiskectomy. the identifying characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility pattern are presented for this unusual human pathogen. the relationship of p. acnes to bone infection is summarized for the first time. a typical patient with p. acnes osteomyelitis is an adult male who has had prior surgery. most patients respond favorably to prolonged antibiotic therapy.	1987	3818921
intrapleural corynebacterium parvum.		1987	3651650
inhibitory effect of tjn-101 ((+)-(6s,7s,r-biar)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,3,12-tetramethoxy -6,7-dimethyl-10,11- methylenedioxy-6-dibenzo[a,c]cyclooctenol) on immunologically induced liver injuries.	tjn-101, which is a lignan component isolated from schisandra fruits, inhibits hepatotoxic chemicals-induced liver injuries. in this study, effects of tjn-101 on immunologically induced liver injuries were investigated in vivo and in vitro. when a small dose of lipopolysaccharide was injected into mice previously injected with heat-killed propionibacterium acnes, most of the animals died with acute hepatic failure which was produced by cytotoxic factors from activated adherent cells, and liver c ...	1987	3656775
a newly described complication of neodymium-yag laser capsulotomy: exacerbation of an intraocular infection. case report.		1987	3662900
different photoinactivation mechanisms in propionibacterium acnes for near-ultraviolet and visible light.		1987	3671513
identification of anaerobic bacteria using high-performance liquid chromatography.	20 species of the genera clostridium, bacteroides, fusobacterium and the type strains of peptostreptococcus anaerobius, peptococcus asaccharolyticus, veillonella parvula and propionibacterium acnes were examined for the production of volatile (vfa) and nonvolatile (nvfa) short-chain fatty acids using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with a column for organic acids (aminex hpx-87h). 10 min are needed for sample preparation and the vfa and nvfa were detected simultaneously in a single ...	1987	3673341
the protective effects of prostaglandin e1 in an experimental massive hepatic cell necrosis model.	when a small amount of gram-negative lipopolysaccharide was intravenously injected into mice which had been injected with heat-killed propionibacterium acnes 7 days before, massive hepatic cell necrosis was induced and most of the mice died 24 hr later. however, when prostaglandin e1 was administered with lipopolysaccharide, remarkable improvements in the survival rate and in the histological changes of the liver were observed. in order to find out how prostaglandin e1 suppressed the induction o ...	1987	3679086
intraarticular injection of propionibacterium acnes causes an erosive arthritis in rats.	formalin killed propionibacterium acnes, was injected intraarticularly into the stifle joint of rats. the reaction was assessed by radiologic and histologic examination. a single injection induced a marginally erosive synovitis that receded by day 30. a second injection administered in the same joint resulted in tissue destruction that was evident radiographically. treatment by dexamethasone and some disease modifying drugs, i.e. chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, sodium aurothiomalate and cycloph ...	1987	3687581
in vitro activity of ampicillin plus sulbactam against anaerobes compared to ampicillin and cefoxitin.	the antimicrobial susceptibility of 195 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria was studied to ampicillin alone, ampicillin + 1 mg/l sulbactam, ampicillin + 5 mg/l sulbactam, and cefoxitin by means of agar dilution tests. the ampicillin-sulbactam combinations were the most effective drugs against species of the bacteroides fragilis group, the mic90 of ampicillin + 5 mg/l sulbactam for b. fragilis being less than 1 mg/l, compared to 256 mg/l of ampicillin, 4 mg/l of ampicillin + 1 mg/l sul ...	1987	3692611
a 31p-nmr study of propionibacterium acnes, including effects caused by near-ultraviolet irradiation.	161.8 mhz 31p-nmr spectra were recorded from the light sensitive skin bacterium propionibacterium acnes. the cells were grown anaerobically on synthetic phosphate-buffered eagle's medium or on a complex yeast extract medium. the spectra showed a large accumulation of polyphosphates when grown on eagles medium. a splitting of the inorganic phosphate peak indicated a difference between internal and external ph of the cells. addition of glucose to the cell suspension gave rise to a change in the ph ...	1987	3814624
cytopathogenic protein (cpp) produced by propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients with kawasaki disease.		1987	3423083
prolonged fever after pleural instillation of corynebacterium parvum (coparvax).		1987	3424259
[effects of prostaglandin in an experimentally-induced acute hepatic failure model].		1987	3441033
the protective effect of cyclosporin a on experimentally-induced acute hepatic injury in mice.	when heat-killed propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes) and a small amount of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (lps) were intravenously injected into mice at a week's interval, most of them died of massive hepatic cell necrosis. this experimentally-induced acute liver injury was significantly inhibited by cyclosporin a (csa), resulting in a remarkable improvement of the survival rate. this protective effect of csa on acute liver injury was also histopathologically confirmed. to study the mechanism by wh ...	1987	3443255
chondroitin sulfate-depolymerizing activity in streptococcus intermedius and other streptococci.	the type strain (atcc 27335) and 18 human oral isolates of streptococcus intermedius and some other related streptococcal species were tested for chondroitin sulfate c-depolymerizing activity employing a modified screening plate method of smith and willett. as the results, s. intermedius strains except for atcc 31412 strain were found to possess this activity. propionibacterium acnes atcc 11828 used as a positive control strain demonstrated strong activity, whereas s. intermedius strains showed ...	1987	3444428
active immunization of rats against two tumoral ascites using live cells associated with corynebacterium parvum.		1987	3455654
an ultrastructural examination of murine alveolar macrophages following intranasal administration of propionibacterium acnes.	light and electron microscopic analysis of murine lungs or isolated pulmonary cells was performed three days after intranasal administration of the bacterial immunostimulant, propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes). our observations indicated that pulmonary alveolar and airway macrophages (pams) were the only cells with p. acnes bacilli in their cytoplasm. bacilli were not observed in pulmonary interstitial macrophages, granulocytes, lymphocytes or pulmonary parenchymal cells such as type i and type ...	1987	2980723
chronic anaerobic bacterial endophthalmitis in pseudophakic rabbit eyes.	experimental anaerobic bacterial endophthalmitis was produced in pseudophakic and aphakic rabbits by using anterior chamber inoculation of 2.5 x 10(6) propionibacterium acnes organisms. clinical inflammation was more intense and prolonged in operated eyes with an intraocular lens in place. the presence of an intraocular lens favors the development of chronic low-grade p. acnes-related inflammation.	1987	8591905
symptomatic treatment of recurrent malignant pleural effusions with intrapleurally administered corynebacterium parvum. clinical response is not associated with evidence of enhancement of local cellular-mediated immunity.	intrapleural injection of corynebacterium parvum (cbp) has been recently proposed as a useful symptomatic treatment of recurrent malignant effusions. although the result is often a fibrotic thickening of the pleura, cbp is thought to stimulate the effector cells present in the effusion and, possibly, to activate the antitumor cytotoxic activity of the pleural fluid mononuclear cells. to test this hypothesis, we studied 7 patients with recurrent malignant pleural effusions caused by lung cancer a ...	1987	2436513
role of interferon, antibodies and macrophages in the protective effect of corynebacterium parvum on encephalomyocarditis virus-induced disease in mice.	treatment of mice with corynebacterium parvum enhances their resistance to encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infection. in emc-virus-infected mice, pretreated with c. parvum, neither interferon production nor antibody responses were increased. a decrease of virus recovery was observed in cultures of macrophages taken from the peritoneum of mice early after injection of c. parvum and infected with emc-virus in vitro. the data suggest that c. parvum acts by increasing intrinsic antiviral activity o ...	1987	2440381
[isolation of propionibacterium acnes from a cervical lymph node in whipple's disease].		1987	2440756
treatment of mice with indomethacin leads to the appearance of a 125,000 dalton plasma protein with the characteristics of an acute phase reactant.	sds-page analysis of plasma samples from mice injected with high, but nontoxic, concentrations of indomethacin led to the detection of elevated levels of a 125,000 dalton protein. the appearance of this protein was rapid, occurring within 24 hrs after a single injection of the drug. treatment of mice with similar concentrations of sulindac and derivatives, the indomethacin analogs mk-410 and mk-555, or high doses (1 mg/day) of aspirin, did not induce the appearance of this protein. however, the ...	1987	2442392
endogenous production of tumor necrosis factor in normal mice and human cancer patients by interferons and other cytokines combined with biological response modifiers of bacterial origin.	the priming effect of endogenous biological response modifiers (brms), interferons (ifns), and interleukin-2 (il2), and the triggering effect of brms of bacterial origin, ok-432 and corynebacterium parvum, on endogenous production of the tumor necrosis factor (tnf) were investigated in mice. tnf activity in serum was measured by in vitro cytotoxicity assay with l-929 cells as a target. the i.v. injection of ok-432 (3ke per mouse) triggered tnf maximally (mean value: 30 u/ml) after 2 h, with a si ...	1987	2445926
isotretinoin--an explanation for its long-term benefit.	isotretinoin is of undisputed benefit in the treatment of acne. in doses of 1 mg/kg/day for 4 months the drug produces a highly significant reduction in sebum excretion rate (90 +/- 3%) in comedone formation as measured by assessing follicular casts (70 +/- 5%), and in surface propionibacterium acnes. however, the mechanisms of long-term clinical remission are not well understood. there are however, risk factors which predetermine the outcome to treatment with isotretinoin. younger subjects (14- ...	1987	2446935
[immunotherapy of mice bearing myeloma and el4 leukemia].		1987	2447213
tumor-specific t-lymphocyte cytotoxicity enhanced by low dose of c. parvum.	three routes of immunotherapy with corynebacterium parvum (cp) on an ascitic friend virus-induced leukemia were evaluated. only the intraperitoneal route, which provided optimal contact between cp and tumor cells, showed prolonged mean survival time. greatest effectiveness was obtained with multiple injections of cp at weekly intervals and with small initial tumor load. of particular interest was that lower dosages of cp (5 and 25 micrograms) gave longer protection than dosages of 50 and 250 mic ...	1987	3494802
differential protein synthesis by murine peritoneal macrophages elicited by various stimuli.	protein synthetic patterns of murine peritoneal macrophages were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2d page) of 35s methionine-labeled proteins. while the protein synthetic patterns exhibited by resident, inflammatory, and activated macrophages had numerous common features that distinguished them from the other normal non-macrophage cell types examined, unique proteins also characterized each macrophage population from the others. the accumulation by resident macroph ...	1987	3496410
chronic postoperative endophthalmitis associated with propionibacterium acnes.	we present two cases of propionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis that confirm the association of this organism with a delayed onset and chronic and indolent intraocular inflammation following extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. the clinical, microbiologic, and histopathologic features of these cases suggest that the organism can be sequestered in the capsular bag, which may make this entity difficult to diagnose. we conclude that complete capsul ...	1987	3498474
anaerobic bacterial endophthalmitis.	eighteen patients with endophthalmitis involving anaerobic bacteria are presented. endophthalmitis followed cataract surgery in seven patients, penetrating trauma in six, a corneal graft in two, and an infected filtering bleb in two; there was one case of endogenous endophthalmitis. propionibacterium acnes was the most frequent anaerobe isolated (78% of cases). thirty-two percent of the patients had polymicrobial infection with mixed aerobic and anaerobic species. six cases of acute p. acnes end ...	1987	3498919
endophthalmitis associated with sequestered intraocular propionibacterium acnes.		1987	3499078
localized endophthalmitis: a newly described cause of the so-called toxic lens syndrome.	we report five cases of post-extracapsular cataract extraction infection in which subsequent pathologic analyses identified the organisms and found the infection to be localized or confined to the lens capsular sac. the most common offending organisms were gram-positive pleomorphic bacilli. in one case, we were able to identify the bacteria as propionibacterium acnes. we designate this condition a localized endophthalmitis. it should be considered any time a persistent, smoldering, postoperative ...	1987	3499503
the intraocular environment and experimental anaerobic bacterial endophthalmitis.	anaerobic bacteria are prevalent in conjunctival flora but have not been adequately investigated as possible causes of endophthalmitis. the mean oxidation-reduction potential (eh) of the rabbit vitreous was found to be +25.1 mv, well within the limiting eh value of many anaerobes. there was an oxygen pressure gradient in the vitreous ranging from 2.1 mm hg immediately posterior to the lens to approximately 20 mm hg adjacent to the medullary ray. endophthalmitis was produced with pure cultures of ...	1987	3499883
circulating interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor during inflammation.	it is proposed that interleukin 1 (il 1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) alpha play central roles in the host's response to inflammation. yet circulating concentrations have not been frequently measured in many inflammatory states. serum levels of il 1 and tnf were evaluated in mice with a tumor, sterile inflammation, endotoxinemia, or generalized peritonitis where an acute-phase protein response was documented. in tumor-bearing mice, no il 1 or tnf could be detected despite marked increases in ...	1987	3501249
modulation of the pattern of development of experimental disseminated leishmaniasis by corynebacterium parvum.	balb/c mice are extremely susceptible to leishmania major. in this mouse strain, the parasite multiplies progressively and rapidly disseminates to distant visceral and cutaneous sites. the present studies show, however, that if balb/c mice are infected with the l major as an admixture with formalin-killed corynebacterium parvum, they rapidly acquire the capacity to restrain the multiplication of the parasite at the site of inoculation, and prevent its dissemination to distant visceral sites. mor ...	1987	3468194
in vitro study of the antibacterial activity of ofloxacin against recent clinical isolates.	the in vitro activity of ofloxacin, a new broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, was studied by a standardized single disc method. a total of 990 clinical isolates were tested, including 20 strains of anaerobic bacteria. ofloxacin was highly active against 683 strains (70.41%), had intermediate activity against 109 (11.23%) and had no activity against 178 (18.35%). ofloxacin was highly active against e. coli, klebsiella sp., citrobacter sp., proteus mirabilis, proteus morganii, salmonella sp., camp ...	1987	3476290
management of infectious complications of intraventricular reservoirs in cancer patients: low incidence and successful treatment without reservoir removal.	at the time of analysis, the first 30 patients with ommaya reservoirs (or) at the children's orthopedic hospital and medical center in seattle, washington had had 32 reservoirs for a mean duration of 28 months. in all, the reservoir chambers had been punctured for either diagnostic or therapeutic purposes a total of 1,287 times with a mean of 40 injections per reservoir and 1.4 injections per month. six reservoir infections were diagnosed in five patients--a rate of one infection for every 153 r ...	1987	3480777
corynebacterium parvum, but not bcg, induces elevations in plasma proteinase activity similar to those observed in tumor-bearing mice.	intraperitoneal administration of corynebacterium parvum to balb/c, c57bl/6 or c3h/hej mice lead to the induction of elevated levels of neutral proteinase activity (125i-caseinolytic activity) similar to those observed previously in animals bearing the bcl1 leukemia or the b16-f10 melanoma. enhanced activity reached a peak at 7-14 days postinjection of the c. parvum and then gradually returned to normal levels by 20-25 days postinjection. increased plasma proteinase activity could be induced by ...	1987	3297943
effects of radiation and other influences on chemical lymphomagenesis.	methylnitrosourea (mnu) or butylnitrosourea (bnu) was used to induce t cell lymphomas (thymomas) in bdf1 mice. in addition to the chemical, x-rays in various dose schedules were applied. an effect of the irradiation (shortening of the latency period) was seen with 12 x 0.25 gy in protocols with a prolonged median induction time in the controls as a result of a dose reduction of the chemical (median induction time 27-36 weeks instead of 16-18 weeks under 'optimal' conditions using 50 mg kg-1 of m ...	1987	3298104
susceptibility in vitro of gram-positive aerobe and anaerobe bacteria to ofloxacin.	ofloxacin is a new fluoroquinolone derivative active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including obligate anaerobes. in this study the in vitro activity of ofloxacin was evaluated against 325 gram-positive organisms freshly isolated from clinical specimens, in comparison with that of ampicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin and ceftazidime. susceptibility tests indicated that the mic90 was 2 mg/l (range 0.25-2) against both methicillin-susceptible (ms) and methicillin-resistant (mr) ...	1987	3304918
fate of legionella pneumophila philadelphia-1 strain in resident, elicited, activated, and immune peritoneal macrophages of guinea pigs.	legionella pneumophila is known to grow intracellularly in resident peritoneal macrophages of guinea pigs. the present study was done to determine what kinds of macrophage stimulants are able to activate guinea pig macrophages to inhibit intracellular growth of the organism. peritoneal macrophages were harvested from healthy guinea pigs, from guinea pigs injected intraperitoneally with proteose peptone (pp) or thioglycolate medium, from guinea pigs injected intraperitoneally with live mycobacter ...	1987	3308708
regulatory interactions between macrophages and t cells in mycobacterium lepraemurium-specific t-cell activation.	the antigen-specific proliferative response of draining lymph node cells was found to follow a similar pattern in both c57bl and balb/c mice following subcutaneous infection with mycobacterium lepraemurium (mlm), although the two strains differed in their ability to control bacterial growth at the site of infection. the proliferative response, which was maximal 1-2 weeks postinfection, was t-cell dependent as it was abrogated with anti-thy 1.2 + c treatment. the response was also abrogated by pr ...	1987	3319191
steroids and tuftsin fail to prevent the induction of altered plasma proteinase homeostasis in mice bearing the b16 melanoma or treated with c. parvum.	the effects of tuftsin and steroids (methyl prednisolone) on the induction of disrupted plasma proteinase regulation in mice bearing the b16 melanoma or treated with corynebacterium parvum was investigated. tuftsin treatment inhibited tumor progression only if treatment was started at the time of tumor transplantation. however, tuftsin inhibited the development of splenomegaly in mice with established tumors. in contrast, tuftsin did not influence either the induction of elevated plasma proteina ...	1987	3319918
immune complex study of biopsy specimens from kawasaki disease patients.		1987	3321077
changes in expression of bacterial surface antigens induced by antibiotics and their influence on host defenses.	concomitant with the discovery that a number of antibiotics were able to induce profound morphological changes (increased septation, thickened walls, filamentation) at low concentrations their ability to inhibit bacterial protein/polysaccharide synthesis was determined. in particular toxin and extracellular enzyme biosynthesis could be repressed by the lincosamines, fusidic acid, erythromycin and streptomycin in staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, propionibacterium acnes, pseudomonas ...	1987	3325899
induction of murine gamma interferon production by lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-2 in propionibacterium acnes-induced peritoneal exudate cells.	lipopolysaccharide (lps) induces high levels of gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) in the circulation of mice pretreated with heat-killed propionibacterium acnes. the following results were obtained in the present study. lps, as well as interleukin-2 (il-2), was also able to induce ifn-gamma in vitro in peritoneal exudate cells (pec) from such mice. splenocytes and lymph node cells from these mice or resident peritoneal cells from control mice produced trace or undetectable amount of ifn-gamma upon ex ...	1987	3100448
natural production and release of tumour necrosis factor.	tumour necrosis factor (tnf) was first described as an oncolytic factor found in sera of animals injected (primed) with reticuloendothelial stimulators and subsequently (days later) given lipopolysaccharide (lps). tnf is not found in the serum of 'primed' animals but can be found in animals given lps alone when sensitive assays are employed. tnf appears almost immediately upon lps injection, reaches a maximum from about 1.5-2 hours and disappears rapidly thereafter, and is almost undetectable by ...	1987	3131075
superiority of intravesical immunotherapy with corynebacterium parvum and allium sativum in control of murine bladder cancer.	intravesical immunotherapy with bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg), corynebacterium parvum (cp), keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh), and an extract of allium sativum (as) was studied in mice transplanted intravesically with mouse bladder tumor cells (mbt-2). female c3h/he mice were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. two x 10(5) mbt-2 cells were delivered into the bladder transurethrally using a small catheter, immediately after the posterior wall of the bladder had been electrocauterized. bladder ...	1987	3806842
phase iii study on the treatment of women with cervical cancer, stage iib, iiib, and iva (confined to the pelvis and/or periaortic nodes), with radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy plus immunotherapy with intravenous corynebacterium parvum: a gynecologic oncology group study.	a report on a study conducted under the auspices of the gynecologic oncology group on the treatment of women with advanced carcinoma of the uterine cervix (stages iib, iiib, iva) with radiotherapy alone versus radiotherapy plus immunotherapy (intravenous corynebacterium parvum) is presented. there were 283 patients considered evaluable for analysis. of these, 135 patients were randomized to radiotherapy plus c. parvum (120 patients received at least one course) and 148 were randomized to radioth ...	1987	3549476
immunomodulators and wound healing.	the synthetic immunomodulators muramyl dipeptide (mdp), thymopoietin pentapeptide (tp5), and cp-46,665 were examined for their effects on wound healing in mice. we found no differences in wound disruption strength between immunomodulator-treated animals and saline controls on days 11, 14, and 21. the only exception was with high-dose cp-46,665, which produced weakened wounds on day 14 (p less than 0.05) and 21 (p less than 0.01). cp-46,665 was further studied by injecting high and low doses 48 h ...	1987	3553610
[etiology of erysipelas].	bacterial cultures were taken from 31 patients by scarification from the dermal compartment of recent erysipelas foci. pathogenic organisms were isolated from the dermis while cultures from the skin surface remained sterile in 5 patients; streptococcus pyogenes was cultured in 2 of these patients and staphylococcus aureus in the other 3 patients. our findings indicate that staphylococcal erysipelas does exist and we suppose that staphylococcus aureus is able to induce erysipelas, above all in th ...	1987	3554775
down-regulation of insulin receptors in propionibacterium acnes-activated macrophages in the mouse.	intraperitoneal administration of propionibacterium acnes in cd-1 mice was associated with the reduction in number of insulin receptors in peritoneal macrophages (m phi), and with elevated levels of insulin in plasma and the peritoneal cavity. when insulin levels returned to normal, insulin receptors in p. acnes-m phi were still reduced. insulin appears to contribute significantly to the down-regulation of the m phi-insulin receptors during the early stage of activation. other biologically activ ...	1987	3556266
infectious complications of intraventricular reservoirs in cancer patients.	drug administration via an intraventricular reservoir is useful in the treatment of leukemic and carcinomatous meningitis that occurs in patients who have previously received lumbar intrathecal chemotherapy. the intraventricular route, however, is associated with a higher incidence of infectious complications compared with therapy given by the lumbar route. to characterize the infectious complications associated with such reservoirs, we reviewed the 10-year experience of the pediatric branch, na ...	1987	3562137
pleurodesis--testing the waters.		1987	3565922
cell-to-cell interaction of streptococcus sanguis and propionibacterium acnes on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite.	cell-to-cell interaction (coaggregation) between propionibacterium acnes pk93 and streptococcus sanguis dl1 was measured on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads (sha) at bacterial concentrations between 1.3 x 10(6) and 6.7 x 10(8) cells per ml. four hundredfold more dl1 than pk93 cells adhered to the saliva-coated beads, and the adherence of s. sanguis was proportional to cell input. sha precoated with 3 x 10(8) dl1 cells bound 75 to 80% of available pk93 cells at all input amounts tested, up to a ...	1987	3570474
suppression of basal and corynebacterium parvum-augmented nk activity during chemically induced tumor development.	c3h mice were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with a tumorigenic dose (150 micrograms/mouse) of 3-methylcholanthrene (mc), followed by a 24-h injection and subsequent weekly injections of corynebacterium parvum (cp) i.p. for a total of 100 days. basal and cp-augmented nk cell activities were measured in controls and treatment groups during pre-tumor and tumor development stages. basal nk activity in spleen, peripheral blood and lung tissue was enhanced by cp, but was suppressed by mc. a resulting ...	1987	3583504
fluorescence from pilosebaceous follicles.	fluorescence studies were performed on the extrusions from pilosebaceous follicles. pressure extractions produced follicle samples which showed fluorescence under wood's light. the samples were then analysed in a fluorometer giving corrected excitation spectra. the structured emission spectra achieved were interpreted as being due to porphyrins produced by propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes). details in the spectra showed close resemblance to spectra from cultured p. acnes cells. the emission spe ...	1987	3592747
splenomimetic effect of corynebacterium parvum in fulminant pneumococcemia.	the efficacy of corynebacterium parvum to stimulate splenic growth and to boost host survival was examined by using adult sprague-dawley rats in a highly spleen-sensitive model of fulminant pneumococcemia. rats were either treated (10 days or 1 hr before or 1 hr after) or not treated with c. parvum; were depleted of complement; underwent partial, total, or sham splenic resection; and then were challenged with either a low (2 x 10(2)) or a high (2 x 10(5)) dose of pneumococci. in the absence of c ...	1987	3598214
high hepatic natural killer cell activity in murine lupus.	this study demonstrates a profound elevation of nk activity, as measured by cytotoxicity to yac-1 targets in a 4-h incubation 51cr-release assay, of freshly isolated hepatic npc from both mrl/lpr and (nzb x nzw)f1 mice. this marked increase was not observed in splenic or peripheral blood nk. the hepatic nk were nonadherent, radioresistant, ly-1-,2-, and agm1+. furthermore, biologic response modifiers can further augment hepatic nk activity in these autoimmune strains.	1987	3598462
[effects of azelastine on an experimentally-induced acute hepatic failure model].		1987	3606396
[mechanism of intrahepatic cholestasis induced by heat-killed propionibacterium acnes in the tuberculin-sensitized guinea pig].		1987	3613226
requirement of a properly acylated beta(1-6)-d-glucosamine disaccharide bisphosphate structure for efficient manifestation of full endotoxic and associated bioactivities of lipid a.	several synthetic acylated glucosamine monophosphates, with structures corresponding to the nonreducing or reducing moiety of the lipid a of the escherichia coli or salmonella minnesota type, and a synthetic compound corresponding to a biosynthetic disaccharide lipid a precursor (designated ia or iva) were examined for their endotoxic and related bioactivities in comparison with those of the synthetic and bacterial parent molecules, i.e., acylated beta(1-6)-d-glucosamine disaccharide bisphosphat ...	1987	3539807
regulation of i-a expression by murine peritoneal macrophages: differences linked to the bcg gene.	we previously reported that mycobacterium bovis (strain bcg) induces continuous i-a expression when injected into bcg-resistant strains of mice. we have extended this observation by showing that corynebacterium parvum also induces continuous i-a expression by macrophages from bcg-resistant but not bcg-susceptible mice. we have linked continuous expression to bcg resistance by using c.d2ityr mice, which are congenic with bcg-susceptible balb/c mice except for genes on a portion of chromosome 1, w ...	1987	3543128
mechanism of decline of natural killer cell activity in corynebacterium parvum-treated mice: inhibition by erythroblasts and thy 1.2+ lymphocytes.	injection of (c57bl/6 x dba/2)f1 mice with corynebacterium parvum (cp), iv, resulted in a depression of splenic natural killer (nk) cell activity 7-17 days after treatment. this decline in reactivity was accompanied by an increase in splenic tumor-binding cells and a decrease in cytotoxic tumor-binding cells as evaluated in a single-cell assay. morphologic analysis indicated that the increased tumor-binding cells following cp injection were due to erythroblasts binding to yac-1 tumor cells. with ...	1987	2887687
in vitro and in vivo release of cytostatic factors from lactobacillus casei-elicited peritoneal macrophages after stimulation with tumor cells and immunostimulants.	the effect of tumor cells and immunostimulants on the release of cytostatic factors (cf) from lactobacillus casei yit 9018 (lc)-, corynebacterium parvum (cp)- or peptone-elicited peritoneal macrophages (pm) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. significant release of cf into the culture medium from pm elicited with lc was induced by seven of eight mitomycin c-pretreated tumor cell lines and not by normal spleen cells, while no cf was released extracellularly from peptone-elicited pm given the s ...	1987	3102062
induction, maintenance, and reinduction of tumoricidal activity in bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes by corynebacterium parvum. evidence for the involvement of a t cell- and interferon-gamma-independent pathway of macrophage activation.	rat bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes, virtually homogeneous with respect to the cell lineage, do not exhibit spontaneous tumoricidal activity in the resting state. when incubated with macrophage-activating lymphokines, rat recombinant interferon-gamma (ifn), or heat-killed corynebacterium parvum, bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes readily evolve tumoricidal activity. whereas tumoricidal activity induced by lymphokines and/or rat recombinant ifn-gamma is short-lived, that elicit ...	1987	3104463
bmy 28100, a new oral cephalosporin.	bmy 28100, a new oral cephalosporin with a (z)-propenyl side chain at the 3 position and a p-hydroxyphenylglycyl substituent at the 7 position, was evaluated in comparison with cefaclor and cephalexin and, when appropriate, ampicillin and vancomycin. in vitro, bmy 28100 was more active than the reference cephalosporins against streptococci, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, listeria monocytogenes, haemophilus influenzae, propionibacterium acnes, clostridium perfringens, and clos ...	1987	3105449
frequency analysis of augmented ctl production associated with corynebacterium parvum-induced tumour regression.	a limiting-dilution frequency assay was employed to estimate the increased production of cytolytic t lymphocytes (ctl) associated with corynebacterium parvum-induced regression of the p815 mastocytoma growing subcutaneously in semisyngeneic mice. it was found that intratumour c. parvum functioned to augment greatly the underlying concomitant production of ctl that occurs normally in response to a progressively growing untreated immunogenic tumour. the lymph node draining a c. parvum-treated tumo ...	1987	3106195
therapeutic effect of cell-wall skeleton of propionibacterium acnes in combination with a monoclonal antibody (c6-1.2) on the lung metastases of lewis lung carcinoma.	the purpose of this study was to determine whether the combination of c6-1.2 monoclonal antibody (moab) (established in our laboratory), which is specifically reactive with lewis lung carcinoma (3ll), and cell-wall skeleton of propionibacterium acnes c7 (p. acnes-cws) would significantly decrease established spontaneous metastases of 3ll. c6-1.2 moab combined with intratumoral (or intralesional) injection of p. acnes-cws, when administered at an early stage of the experiment, showed a significan ...	1987	3112064
the effect of carbon dioxide on the in vitro activity of erythromycin and ru-28965 against anaerobic bacteria.	the in vitro activity of erythromycin and ru-28965 (a novel macrolide antimicrobial with improved pharmacokinetics) was determined against a variety of anaerobic bacteria in anaerobic atmospheres with and without added carbon dioxide. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined using an antimicrobial incorporation technique in wilkins-chalgren agar (oxoid, uk) containing saponinlysed horse blood to a final concentration of 10%. the inoculum used was approximately 10(4) colony forming ...	1987	3113907