Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| reactivity of the essential thiol of klebsiella aerogenes urease. effect of ph and ligands on thiol modification. | the kinetics of klebsiella aerogenes urease inactivation by disulfide and alkylating agents was examined and found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. reactivity of the essential thiol is affected by the presence of substrate and competitive inhibitors, consistent with a cysteine located proximal to the active site. in contrast to the results observed with other reagents, the rate of activity loss in the presence of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (dtnb) saturated at high reagent concentr ... | 1991 | 2037578 |
| viable but nonculturable bacteria in drinking water. | klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter aerogenes, agrobacterium tumefaciens, streptococcus faecalis, micrococcus flavus, bacillus subtilis, and pseudomonas strains l2 and 719 were tested for the ability to grow and maintain viability in drinking water. microcosms were employed in the study to monitor growth and survival by plate counts, acridine orange direct counts (aodc), and direct viable counts (dvc). plate counts dropped below the detection limit within 7 days for all strains except those of b ... | 1991 | 2039237 |
| purification, characterization and some properties of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase from enterobacter aerogenes. | a new method, faster, milder and more efficient than the one previously described [bryn, k., hetland, o. & stormer, f. c. (1971) eur. j. biochem, 18, 116-119], for purification of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase from enterobacter aerogenes is proposed. the experiments carried out with the electrophoretically pure preparations obtained by this procedure show that the enzyme (a) produces l-glycols from the corresponding l-alpha-hydroxycarbonyls by reversible reduction of their oxo groups and also redu ... | 1991 | 2040298 |
| a weak adaptive response to alkylation damage in salmonella typhimurium. | an efficient adaptive response to alkylation damage was observed in several enterobacterial species, including klebsiella aerogenes, shigella sonnei, shigella boydii, escherichia alkalescens, escherichia hermanii, and escherichia fergusonii. increased o6-methylguanine-dna and methylphosphotriester-dna methyltransferase activities correlated with the induction of a 39-kda protein recognized by monoclonal antibodies raised against the escherichia coli ada protein. induced methyltransferase activit ... | 1991 | 2050626 |
| a new family of bacterial regulatory proteins. | a new family of bacterial regulatory proteins has been identified by sequence similarity. the family contains the repressor of the bacillus subtilis gluconate operon (gntr), the regulators for histidine utilization in pseudomonas putida (hutcpp) and klebsiella aerogenes (hutcka), the repressor (fadr) of fatty acid degradation in escherichia coli, a regulator involved in the conjugal transfer of the broad host range plasmid pij101 (kora), and three proteins of unidentified function in e. coli (ge ... | 1991 | 2060763 |
| imipenem resistance associated with the loss of a 40 kda outer membrane protein in enterobacter aerogenes. | an imipenem-resistant strain, enterobacter aerogenes ea-z, was isolated from a blood culture. outer membrane protein (omp) profiles indicated the loss of a 40 kda omp, decreased expression of 42 and 44 kda omps, and increased expression of a 50 kda omp in strain ea-z when compared with imipenem-susceptible clinical isolates of e. aerogenes. the omp profile of ea-z was similar to that of strain ea-si16, an imipenem-resistant e. aerogenes second-step mutant selected on imipenem-containing media. a ... | 1991 | 1761444 |
| identification of the essential cysteine residue in klebsiella aerogenes urease. | during reaction with [14c]iodoacetamide at ph 6.3, radioactivity was incorporated primarily into a single klebsiella aerogenes urease peptide concomitant with activity loss. this peptide was protected from modification at ph 6.3 by inclusion of phosphate, a competitive inhibitor of urease, which also protected the enzyme from inactivation. at ph 8.5, several peptides were alkylated; however, modification of one peptide, identical to that modified at ph 6.3, paralleled activity loss. the n-termin ... | 1991 | 1761535 |
| temporal and topological clustering of diverged residues among enterobacterial dihydrofolate reductases. | the complete nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequences were determined for the dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) from the bacteria enterobacter aerogenes and citrobacter freundii. these were compared with the closely related escherichia coli dhfr sequence. the ancestral dhfr sequence common to these three species was reconstructed. since that ancestor there have been seven, nine, and one amino acid replacements in e. coli, e. aerogenes, and c. freundii, respectively. in e. coli, five of its seven ... | 1991 | 1766362 |
| growth kinetics of coliform bacteria under conditions relevant to drinking water distribution systems. | the growth of environmental and clinical coliform bacteria under conditions typical of drinking water distribution systems was examined. four coliforms (klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, and enterobacter cloacae) were isolated from an operating drinking water system for study; an enterotoxigenic e. coli strain and clinical isolates of k. pneumoniae and e. coli were also used. all but one of the coliforms tested were capable of growth in unsupplemented mineral salts ... | 1991 | 1768093 |
| novel plasmid vectors for gene cloning in pseudomonas. | novel host-vector systems have been developed for gene cloning in the metabolically versatile bacterial genus pseudomonas. we found that a new pseudomonas strain, pseudomonas flavida if-4, isolated from soil, carried two small cryptic plasmids, named pni10 and pni20. they were multi-copy, but not self-transmissible, and the genome size was 3.7 kb for pni10 and 2.9 kb for pni20. several types of cloning vectors containing a kanamycin or streptomycin resistance (kmr or smr) gene were constructed f ... | 1991 | 1778984 |
| carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage activity in cell-free extracts of enterobacter aerogenes atcc 15038 and pseudomonas sp. 4asw. | carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage activity was investigated in cell-free extracts of enterobacter aerogenes atcc 15038 (ifo 12010) and pseudomonas sp. 4asw, strains known to utilize a range of phosphonates as sole phosphorus source. in vitro phosphonatase activity was detected in extracts of both organisms; however extensive analysis failed to detect any organic product from phosphonates other than phosphonoacetal dehyde. non-specific liberation of phosphate was observed in pseudomonas sp. 4asw, a ... | 1991 | 1789794 |
| cefpodoxime: comparative antibacterial activity, influence of growth conditions, and bactericidal activity. | the antimicrobial activity of cefpodoxime, the active metabolite of the new cephalosporin ester cefpodoxime proxetil, in comparison to cefixime, cefotiam, cefuroxime, and cefotaxime was determined against a broad spectrum of freshly isolated gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. cefpodoxime was demonstrated to be inhibitory at concentrations of less than or equal to 1 mg/l against 90% of strains of moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli (beta-lactamase- nega ... | 1991 | 1800379 |
| bacteriology of community acquired urinary tract infection. analysis of 1048 cases. | urine samples from 1048 cases clinically suspected to have urinary tract infection were examined for bacteriological culture and antibiotic sensitivity. of 1048 cultures, 530 (50.5%) were sterile, 163 (15.5%) showed the presence of nonpathogenic bacteria and 11 (1%) revealed nonsignificant bacteriuria with escherichia coli. significant bacteriuria (more than 10(5)/ml) was found in the remaining 344 (32.8%) cases. escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen isolated from 170 (16.2%) samples; kl ... | 1991 | 1814873 |
| a neonate with bilateral refractory chylothorax--a case report. | a thirty six week gestation male baby weighing three kilogram was born to a twenty five year old mother by spontaneous vaginal delivery. at four hours of life, the baby developed respiratory distress with cyanosis and was admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. there was clinical and radiological evidence of bilateral pleural effusion. thoracentesis revealed a transudate. repeated thoracentesis was necessary to relieve the respiratory distress. subsequently, multi resistant klebsiella aero ... | 1991 | 1840449 |
| in vitro transcription of the histidine utilization (hutuh) operon from klebsiella aerogenes. | the promoter region preceding the hutuh operon in klebsiella aerogenes contains two oppositely oriented, overlapping promoters. in the absence of catabolite gene activator protein-cyclic amp (cap-camp), transcription proceeds primarily from the backward-oriented promoter (pc), whose function has not yet been determined, and only very weakly from the forward hutuh promoter, hutup. in the presence of cap-camp, pc is repressed and transcription from hutup is favored. two protein components required ... | 1991 | 1846133 |
| concomitant dissemination of three extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among different enterobacteriaceae isolated in a french hospital. | from january 1988 to august 1989, 267 non-repetitive strains of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbla) derived from tem (ctx-1/tem-3, caz-6) or shv (caz-5) were isolated from 219 colonized or infected patients. esblas were characterized by analytical isoelectric focusing. biotypes, resistance phenotypes and plasmid patterns were determined in order to differentiate the isolates in each species. among the 116 ctx-1-producing enterobacteriaceae, 48 strains were diff ... | 1991 | 1856124 |
| characterization of the helicobacter pylori urease and purification of its subunits. | helicobacter pylori (formerly campylobacter pylori) is the causative agent of gastritis in man. helicobacter pylori cells contain a large amount of an extremely active urease (e.c.3.5.1.5). this enzyme is suspected to be a virulence factor since the ammonium ion produced from urea may be responsible for tissue injury and/or survival of h. pylori in the gastric environment. helicobacter pylori urease, native relative molecular mass approximately 600,000, was purified by agarose gel filtration and ... | 1991 | 1857197 |
| selected faecal bacteria and nutrients essential for antagonism of salmonella typhimurium in anaerobic continuous flow cultures. | as few as five of the species of bacteria commonly found in human faeces--escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, enterococcus faecalis, bacteroides ovatus and fusobacterium varium--when grown together in anaerobic continuous flow cultures exerted antagonistic effects on salmonella typhimurium as great as those given by mixed bacteria from extracts of human faeces. in a single culture, the population of s. typhimurium was c. 10(8) cfu/ml but in mixed cultures with the five antagonistic bacteri ... | 1991 | 1875391 |
| treatment of a meningitis due to an enterobacter aerogenes producing a derepressed cephalosporinase and a klebsiella pneumoniae producing an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. | a case of nosocomial meningitis due to a klebsiella pneumoniae producing a caz-5 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and an enterobacter aerogenes producing a derepressed cephalosporinase is reported. the intrathecal catheter incriminated was removed and a treatment with ceftazidime (4 g/24 h) and amikacin (1.5 g/24 h) was started. after 24 h ceftazidime was replaced by imipenem (2 then 4 g/24 h). this treatment failed to obtain cerebrospinal fluid sterilization; therefore the imipenem dosage was i ... | 1991 | 1889874 |
| production and characterization of a human hyperimmune intravenous immunoglobulin against pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella species. | a hyperimmune globulin for intravenous use (h-ivig) was prepared from the plasma of donors immunized with pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella vaccines. h-ivig preparations contained substantially higher igg antibody levels to all nine p. aeruginosa vaccine antigens and to 22 of the 24 klebsiella vaccine antigens than did commercial ivig. the h-ivig was more effective at promoting the opsonophagocytic killing of p. aeruginosa and klebsiella vaccine serotype strains than normal ivig. the h-ivig ... | 1991 | 1902245 |
| biosynthesis of isochorismate in klebsiella pneumoniae: origin of o-2. | the shikimate metabolites are key precursors to a large number of natural products, including aromatic amino acids. chorismic acid is an important branch point in the biosynthetic pathway to aromatic amino acids. chorismic acid is also unique among natural products since it is the only compound known to undergo an enzymatic claisen rearrangement. a metabolite of chorismic acid, isochorismic acid, first observed in aerobacter aerogenes differs in its chemical structure by the location of the hydr ... | 1991 | 1913340 |
| enzymatic method for measuring ethylene glycol with a centrifugal analyzer. | we describe a semiautomated, enzymatic method of analysis for ethylene glycol in plasma. glycerol dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.6) from enterobacter aerogenes, which has high specificity for ethylene glycol, is mixed with 3 microl of specimen in a centrifugal analyzer. nad+ is added to initiate the reaction, and 450 s after an initial 90-s delay, the absorbance at 340 nm is measured. monthly calibration with a five-point calibration curve is sufficient to provide between-day precision (cv) of 2% to 5% ... | 1991 | 1914174 |
| cleaning and disinfection of blenders used in hospital kitchens. | the efficiency of a range of methods used to clean and disinfect blenders was compared. blenders with metal, plastic and glass goblets were experimentally contaminated with klebsiella aerogenes after which they were cleaned and disinfected by (a) cold water rinse, (b) detergent wash, (c) detergent wash and disinfectant soak, (d) detergent wash and boiling water rinse and (e) autoclaving. autoclaving was the only procedure that sterilized the blenders but this could only be used for blenders with ... | 1991 | 26927842 |
| distribution of an l-isoaspartyl protein methyltransferase in eubacteria. | a protein carboxyl methyltransferase (ec 2.1.1.77) that recognizes age-damaged proteins for potential repair or degradation reactions has been found in all vertebrate tissues and cells examined to date. this enzyme catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups from s-adenosylmethionine to the carboxyl groups of d-aspartyl or l-isoaspartyl residues that are formed spontaneously from normal l-aspartyl and l-asparaginyl residues. a similar methyltransferase has been found in two bacterial species, escher ... | 1992 | 1729230 |
| occult enterobacter aerogenes pneumonia diagnosed by indium 111-labeled leukocyte scan. | 1992 | 1734614 | |
| sheen formation and growth response of groundwater bacteria to reduced oxygen concentrations during incubation of m-endo medium. | in vitro pure-culture studies were conducted to assess growth and sheen formation of groundwater bacteria on m-endo medium incubated under reduced oxygen concentrations (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16%). coliform and noncoliform bacteria were isolated from 17 untreated, rural groundwater supplies on m-endo medium. all 16 coliform isolates tested were capable of sheen formation at oxygen concentrations of 4% or greater, yet some of these same isolates (enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter cloacae, and hafni ... | 1992 | 1393829 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of the active site cysteine in klebsiella aerogenes urease. | cysteine 319 in the large subunit of klebsiella aerogenes urease was identified as an essential catalytic residue based on chemical modification studies (todd, m.j., and hausinger, r.p. (1991) j. biol. chem. 266, 24327-24331). through site-directed mutagenesis, this cysteine has been changed independently to alanine, serine, aspartate, and tyrosine. none of these mutations (c319a, c319s, c319d, and c319y, respectively) affected the size or level of synthesis of the urease subunits as monitored b ... | 1992 | 1400317 |
| preliminary crystallographic studies of urease from jack bean and from klebsiella aerogenes. | ureases from both jack bean (canavalia ensiformis) seeds and klebsiella aerogenes have been crystallized by the hanging drop method. the plant-derived urease crystals are regular octahedra analogous to those obtained by sumner. preliminary x-ray diffraction studies show that the crystals belong to the cubic space group f4(1)32, with a = 364 a, and appear to contain one or two subunits in the asymmetric unit. using a synchrotron source, the crystals diffract to near 3.5 a resolution. crystals of ... | 1992 | 1404395 |
| a 56-month prospective surveillance study on the epidemiology of aminoglycoside resistance in a belgian general hospital. | in this survey, we studied the effect of extensive amikacin usage on the epidemiology of aminoglycoside resistance in a general hospital. the baseline resistance in the 12 months before amikacin was 5.8% for amikacin, 15.2% for gentamicin, 16.4% for tobramycin and 14.0% for netilmicin. during the following 44 months, amikacin was the aminoglycoside of first choice. in the first 2 years of this phase, resistance to amikacin did not change significantly. later, amikacin resistance rose significant ... | 1992 | 1411316 |
| a locus that contributes to colonization of the intestinal tract by bacteroides thetaiotaomicron contains a single regulatory gene (chur) that links two polysaccharide utilization pathways. | previously, we isolated two tn4351-generated mutants of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (46-1 and cs3) that were unable to grow either on heparin or on chondroitin sulfate. this phenotype was unexpected, since the heparin and chondroitin sulfate utilization pathways had appeared from earlier studies to be independent of each other. mutants 46-1 and cs3 were also of interest because both were unable to compete successfully with wild-type b. thetaiotaomicron in the intestinal tracts of germfree mice. ... | 1992 | 1429442 |
| [antibacterial activities of sisomicin against fresh clinical isolates]. | to investigate antibacterial activities of sisomicin (siso), mics of siso as well as other aminoglycosides (ags) were determined against many clinical isolates which were obtained in 1991. results are summarized below: 1. no siso-resistant strains were observed among isolates of escherichia coli, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis and morganella morganii. 2. in comparison with the results of our previous study against isolat ... | 1992 | 1433905 |
| cloning and sequencing of a gene encoding a 21-kilodalton outer membrane protein from bordetella avium and expression of the gene in salmonella typhimurium. | three gene libraries of bordetella avium 197 dna were prepared in escherichia coli le392 by using the cosmid vectors pcp13 and pya2329, a derivative of pcp13 specifying spectinomycin resistance. the cosmid libraries were screened with convalescent-phase anti-b. avium turkey sera and polyclonal rabbit antisera against b. avium 197 outer membrane proteins. one e. coli recombinant clone produced a 56-kda protein which reacted with convalescent-phase serum from a turkey infected with b. avium 197. i ... | 1992 | 1447140 |
| putative nickel-binding sites of microbial proteins. | nickel is biologically important because of its catalytic role in the mechanisms of action of metalloenzymes, and also because of its toxic cellular effects. there exist at least 3 groups of nickel-binding proteins in microorganisms: nickel-specific transporters, accessory proteins involved in nickel incorporation and nickel-containing enzymes. the differences in their physiological functions determine the nature of the ligands and the structures of the nickel-binding sites. the homology among t ... | 1992 | 1448619 |
| pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility profiles in the urinary tract. | of 2,780 specimens of midstream urine (msu) collected from patients of medical out-patient unit of lagos university teaching hospital (luth), and examined between march 1989 and february 1990, 780 (28.1%) had bacterial colony counts greater than 100,000 per ml. the commonest pathogens were e. coli, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa. 9.8% of the infections were caused by gram-positive bacteria while 6.0% were due to the fungus, candida albicans and candida species. | 1992 | 1473516 |
| survey of the prevalence of beta-lactamases amongst 1000 gram-negative bacilli isolated consecutively at the royal london hospital. | beta-lactamase expression was examined in 1000 consecutive gram-negative bacilli isolated from urine, wound swab, sputum or blood specimens received at the microbiology laboratory of the royal london hospital. this survey, performed between january and april, 1991, followed a similar study undertaken in early 1982. the distribution of species was similar in the two surveys, except that the proportion of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had increased from 11% in 1982 to 17.5% in the present study. ... | 1992 | 1490917 |
| separation and identification of the 4-hydroxyantipyrine sulphoconjugate. | in a previous study we observed, during separation of total antipyrine metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography and after enzymatic hydrolysis, an unidentified peak corresponding to an ionic compound with pyrazolinone features. in the present study, this compound was identified as the 4-hydroxyantipyrine sulphoconjugate, and its structure was definitively confirmed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis and by the use of pure synthetic substance. we also demonstrated the ... | 1992 | 1500444 |
| klebsiella pneumoniae as a spoilage organism in mozzarella cheese. | a high concentration of total and fecal coliforms (5 x 10(8) and 3 x 10(7) cfu/g, respectively) was observed in samples representative of two production lots of mozzarella cheese from a local dairy. contamination was manifested by the swelling of plastic pouches and the formation of gas holes in mozzarella cheese. aerobic and anaerobic sporeformers, heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria, propionibacteria, and yeasts were absent. of the 41 isolates identified, there were 37 klebsiella pneumonia ... | 1992 | 1500546 |
| unsuspected meningitis diagnosed by in-111 labeled leukocytes. a case report. | clinically unsuspected bacterial meningitis was found in a patient with fever of unknown origin. blood and urine cultures were negative for growth. chest radiography and abdominal ct were negative for infection. triple-phase bone imaging was performed to rule out osteomyelitis from a gunshot wound. a left posterior iliac crest hot spot may have represented osteomyelitis, but in-111 labeled leukocyte imaging instead disclosed unsuspected meningitis. the csf culture after the imaging was positive ... | 1992 | 1505126 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ljc 10,627. | the in vitro activity of ljc 10,627, a new carbapenem, was compared with those of imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and gentamicin. ljc 10,627 inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter agglomerans, enterobacter cloacae, hafnia alvei, citrobacter freundii, citrobacter diversus, proteus mirabilis, morganella morganii, proteus rettgeri, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas cepacia, salmonellae, shigellae, aeromonas, and yersiniae ... | 1992 | 1510436 |
| the bactericidal effect of n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase on bacteria. | the bactericidal activity of n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (nagase) on some of the potential bacterial pathogens of the cow was determined. nagase treatment significantly decreased the mean log10 number of actinomyces pyogenes (p less than 0.01) and staphylococcus aureus (p less than 0.05) after 2 and 4 hours of incubation at 37 degrees c. similarly nagase treatment significantly (p less than 0.05) reduced the mean log10 number of streptococcus agalactiae and pseudomonas aeruginosa after 4 hou ... | 1992 | 1514239 |
| [isolation and various properties of alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase from klebsiella aerogenes]. | l-alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase possessing the l lysine amidase activity was isolated from klebsiella aerogenes and purified. the procedure of enzymes purification included cell destruction on usdn-i, fractionation by ammonium sulfate, gel chromatography on g-200. the preparation of the purified enzyme possessed specific activity of 50 mumol of lysin per 1 mg of protein per hour. km was 2.6 mm in case of phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) for i-alpha-aminocaprolactam. besides l-alpha-aminocaprolactam ... | 1992 | 1519339 |
| imipenem resistance in enterobacter aerogenes is associated with derepression of chromosomal cephalosporinases and impaired permeability. | enterobacter aerogenes mutants with high-level resistance to imipenem were studied. they were derived from strains characterized by stable over-production of a class-i beta-lactamase. this enzyme (pi = 8.2) exhibited high affinity toward imipenem and hydrolysed the drug slowly. imipenem-resistant mutants lacked a major 43-kda outer membrane protein and displayed decreased permeability to cephaloridine. introduction of a plasmid coding for the regulatory ampd gene abolished beta-lactamase product ... | 1992 | 1526451 |
| nucleotide sequence of the staphylococcus aureus signal peptidase ii (lsp) gene. | the lsp gene encoding prolipoprotein signal peptidase (signal peptidase ii) of staphylococcus aureus was cloned by screening a genomic library for plasmid clones capable of complementing a conditionally lethal lsp allele of escherichia coli. e. coli cells carrying one of five overlapping clones exhibited increased resistance to globomycin. the nucleotide sequence of the s. aureus lsp gene was determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of the signal peptidase ii of s. aureus suggests that this e ... | 1992 | 1544479 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a negative regulator gene for klebsiella aerogenes arylsulfatase synthesis and identification of the gene as fola. | a negative regulator gene for synthesis of arylsulfatase in klebsiella aerogenes was cloned. deletion analysis showed that the regulator gene was located within a 1.6-kb cloned segment. transfer of the plasmid, which contains the cloned fragment, into constitutive atsr mutant strains of k. aerogenes resulted in complementation of atsr; the synthesis of arylsulfatase was repressed in the presence of inorganic sulfate or cysteine, and this repression was relieved, in each case, by the addition of ... | 1992 | 1551851 |
| a monoamine-regulated klebsiella aerogenes operon containing the monoamine oxidase structural gene (maoa) and the maoc gene. | the klebsiella aerogenes gene maoa, which is involved in the synthesis of monoamine oxidase, was induced by tyramine and the related compounds, subjected to catabolite and ammonium ion repression, and cloned. the nucleotide sequence of the region involved in monoamine oxidase synthesis was determined. two open reading frames, the maoa gene and a hitherto unknown gene (maoc), were found. these are located between a potential promoter sequence and a transcriptional terminator sequence. a region of ... | 1992 | 1556068 |
| evidence for two phosphonate degradative pathways in enterobacter aerogenes. | we screened mini-mu plasmid libraries from enterobacter aerogenes ifo 12010 for plasmids that complement escherichia coli phn mutants that cannot use phosphonates (pn) as the sole source of phosphorus (p). we isolated two kinds of plasmids that, unexpectedly, encode genes for different metabolic pathways. one kind complements e. coli mutants with both pn transport and pn catalysis genes deleted; these plasmids allow degradation of the 2-carbon-substituted pn alpha-aminoethylphosphonate but not o ... | 1992 | 1556070 |
| isolation and characterization of kika, a region on incn group plasmids that determines killing of klebsiella oxytoca. | transfer of the incn group plasmid pcu1 from escherichia coli to klebsiella oxytoca by conjugation kills a large proportion (90 to 95%) of the recipients of plasmid dna, whereas transfer to e. coli or even to the closely related enterobacter aerogenes does not. two regions, kika and kikb, have been identified on pcu1 that contribute to the kik (killing in klebsiellas) phenotype. we have localized the kika region to 500 bp by deletion analysis and show by dna-dna hybridization that kika is highly ... | 1992 | 1569033 |
| tolq is required for cloacin df13 susceptibility in escherichia coli expressing the aerobactin/cloacin df13 receptor iuta. | we investigated the role of the tolq gene in the import of cloacin df13 across the outer membrane of escherichia coli strains expressing the iuta receptor. the iuta outer-membrane protein is the receptor for the siderophore ferric aerobactin and also binds cloacin df13, a bacteriocin produced by strains of enterobacter aerogenes. in this report we present evidence that tolq is required for the internalization of cloacin df13 upon binding to iuta but it is not involved in the transport of ferric ... | 1992 | 1587457 |
| prevalence of a plasmid-mediated type ii dihydrofolate reductase gene among trimethoprim-resistant urinary pathogens in greek hospitals. | the genetic basis of trimethoprim resistance was examined in 24 klebsiella pneumoniae, 27 enterobacter cloacae, five enterobacter aerogenes and nine serratia marcescens urinary isolates from five hospitals in greece. analysis of the 65 isolates by serotyping and phage-typing identified 53 distinct strains. thirty-eight isolates (15 k. pneumoniae, 19 e. cloacae, two e. aerogenes and two s. marcescens) hybridized with a probe specific for a gene encoding type ii dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). thr ... | 1992 | 1607329 |
| klebsiella aerogenes urease gene cluster: sequence of ured and demonstration that four accessory genes (ured, uree, uref, and ureg) are involved in nickel metallocenter biosynthesis. | the region located immediately upstream from the klebsiella aerogenes urease structural genes was sequenced and shown to possess an open reading frame capable of encoding a 29.8-kda peptide. deletions were generated in this gene, denoted ured, and in each of the genes (uree, uref, and ureg) located immediately downstream of the three structural genes. transformation of the mutated plasmids into escherichia coli resulted in high levels of urease expression, but the enzyme was inactive (deletions ... | 1992 | 1624427 |
| detection of ciprofloxacin resistance in gram-negative bacteria due to alterations in gyra. | two plasmids containing the cloned escherichia coli wild-type gyra gene were used to transform ciprofloxacin-resistant gram-negative clinical isolates to screen for dna gyrase a-mediated quinolone resistance. the results show that the technique is simple and applicable to a wide range of gram-negative species including e. coli, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella aerogenes, morganella morganii, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, campylobacter jejuni and neisseria gonorrhoeae. the use of an ... | 1992 | 1310671 |
| expression of helicobacter pylori urease genes in escherichia coli grown under nitrogen-limiting conditions. | helicobacter pylori produces a potent urease that is believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases. four genes (urea, ureb, urec, and ured) were previously shown to be able to achieve a urease-positive phenotype when introduced into campylobacter jejuni, whereas escherichia coli cells harboring these genes did not express urease activity (a. labigne, v. cussac, and p. courcoux, j. bacteriol. 173:1920-1931, 1991). results that demonstrate that h. pylori urease genes could ... | 1992 | 1313413 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of q-35, a new fluoroquinolone. | the in vitro activity of q-35, an 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone, was compared with those of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tosufloxacin, lomefloxacin, and sparfloxacin. the mics of q-35 for 90% of strains tested (mic90s) of staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant s. aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and streptococcus pyogenes were 0.2, 6.25, 0.2, 0.39, and 0.39 micrograms/ml, respectively. the activity of q-35 was 4- to 16-fold greater than those of ofloxacin, ciprofloxac ... | 1992 | 1329626 |
| mobilization of nonconjugative pbr322-derivative plasmids from laboratory strains of escherichia coli to bacteria isolated from seawater. | mobilization of derivatives of plasmids pbr322 and pbr325 was shown to occur between escherichia coli k12 strains in lb-broth at 37 degrees c, provided a mobilizer plasmid (f') was present either together with the nonconjugative plasmid or in a second donor strain. evidence from restriction endonuclease analysis suggested that the mobilization was facilitated by a transposition phenomenon involving the "gamma-delta" sequence of f'. it was shown that mobilization of a derivative of pbr325 from e. ... | 1992 | 1341984 |
| utilization of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, a reactor design criterion for the microaerobic production of 2,3-butanediol. | a new parameter, the relative utilization of tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle beta, is introduced to quantitatively account for the involvement of fermentation pathways and tca cycle in the utilization of oxygen under oxygen-limiting (microaerobic) conditions. with the facultative anaerobe enterobacter aerogenes, which produces 2,3-butanediol, a method is proposed to calculate beta from measurement of metabolites and exhaust gas. in continuous culture beta was found to be small under oxygen limita ... | 1992 | 18601216 |
| effects of grazing by the free-living soil amoebae acanthamoeba castellanii, acanthamoeba polyphaga, and hartmannella vermiformis on various bacteria. | cultures of 10 different bacteria were used to serve as food sources for axenically grown acanthamoeba castellanii, acanthamoeba polyphaga, and hartmannella vermiformis. the nonpigmented enterobacteriaceae escherichia coli k-12 and klebsiella aerogenes appeared to be excellent feed to all three amoebae. hardly any growth or ammonium production was observed in tests with chromatium vinosum and serratia marcescens, which share the presence of pigmented compounds. distinct differences in net ammoni ... | 1993 | 16349000 |
| cloning and characterization of a tryptophanase gene from enterobacter aerogenes sm-18. | a tryptophanase gene from enterobacter aerogenes sm-18 was cloned and sequenced. the structural gene for tryptophanase, tnaa, consisted of 1389 bp encoding 462 amino acid residues, and its nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence showed significant homology to those of tnaa from escherichia coli k12. a short open reading frame consisting of 31 amino acid residues was found upstream of tnaa, and it showed some similarity to the e. coli tnac gene known to be a cis-acting regulatory elem ... | 1993 | 7510326 |
| direct sequencing of superoxide dismutase genes from two bacterial strains amplified by polymerase chain reaction. | the nucleotides of the mn-superoxide dismutase (sod) gene of bacillus circulans and the fe-sod gene of aerobacter aerogenes were sequenced by pcr. these sod genes were specifically amplified by using oligonucleotide primers corresponding to the amino-terminal amino acid sequences and the antisense strand primer corresponding to the common amino acid sequence near the carboxyl-terminus among various mn- and fe-sods thus far sequenced. the pcr products amplified from b. circulans and a. aerogenes ... | 1993 | 7764218 |
| surveillance of gram-negative bacteria for pseudomonas aeruginosa lipoprotein i using a monoclonal antibody. | we prepared an igg1 murine monoclonal antibody, ps2, that recognized the 8-kda outer membrane lipoprotein i of pseudomonas aeruginosa. the biodot-immunoblot technique was used to test 470 bacterial isolates for their reactivity with mab ps2. ps2 recognized 298 of 300 p. aeruginosa clinical isolates for a sensitivity of 99.3%. ps2 reacted with all fisher-devlin immunotype and international antigenic type p. aeruginosa strains. forty-seven isolates of other pseudomonas species were tested and only ... | 1993 | 7689535 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oil from schinus molle linn. | the essential oil from the fresh leaves of schinus molle isolated by hydrodistillation was tested for antibacterial activity using the hole plate diffusion method and for antifungal activity using the mycelium or single cell growth inhibition method. results obtained showed that the volatile oil exhibited significant activity against the following bacterial species: klebsiella pneumoniae, alcaligenes faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, leuconostoc cremoris, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris ... | 1993 | 8055554 |
| site-directed mutagenesis of klebsiella aerogenes urease: identification of histidine residues that appear to function in nickel ligation, substrate binding, and catalysis. | comparison of six urease sequences revealed the presence of 10 conserved histidine residues (h96 in the gamma subunit, h39 and h41 in beta, and h134, h136, h219, h246, h312, h320, and h321 in the alpha subunit of the klebsiella aerogenes enzyme). each of these residues in k. aerogenes urease was substituted with alanine by site-directed mutagenesis, and the mutant proteins were purified and characterized in order to identify essential histidine residues and assign their roles. the gamma h96a, be ... | 1993 | 8318888 |
| purification and characterization of klebsiella aerogenes uree protein: a nickel-binding protein that functions in urease metallocenter assembly. | the klebsiella aerogenes uree gene product was previously shown to facilitate assembly of the urease metallocenter (lee, m.h., et al., 1992, j. bacteriol. 174, 4324-4330). uree protein has now been purified and characterized. although it behaves as a soluble protein, uree is predicted to possess an amphipathic beta-strand and exhibits unusually tight binding to phenyl-sepharose resin. immunogold electron microscopic studies confirm that uree is a cytoplasmic protein. each dimeric uree molecule ( ... | 1993 | 8318889 |
| intravenous streptomycin use in a patient infected with high-level, gentamicin-resistant streptococcus faecalis. | to report a case of intravenous streptomycin sulfate use in a patient infected with high-level, gentamicin-resistant streptococcus faecalis. | 1993 | 8329788 |
| sequence of the proteus mirabilis urease accessory gene ureg. | we report the sequence of ureg, an accessory gene that is a part of the ure gene cluster of uropathogenic proteus mirabilis and required for full enzymatic activity of urease. the 615-bp open reading frame predicts a m(r) 22,374 polypeptide, which contains a consensus amino acid (aa) sequence for atp-binding. the polypeptide shares sequence homology with ureg of escherichia coli (93% of identical aa), klebsiella aerogenes (59%) and helicobacter pylori (59%). | 1993 | 8335248 |
| emergence of resistance to imipenem in enterobacter isolates masquerading as klebsiella pneumoniae during therapy with imipenem/cilastatin. | clinical isolates identified as klebsiella pneumoniae by the vitek, enterotube ii, and api 20e systems were recovered from a patient undergoing therapy with imipenem/cilastatin. these isolates were resistant to multiple beta-lactam agents, and some were even resistant to imipenem. analysis revealed a bush group 1 beta-lactamase, and imipenem resistance corresponded to the loss of outer-membrane proteins in strains expressing high levels of this beta-lactamase. further characterization efforts yi ... | 1993 | 8353231 |
| cloning and sequencing of the klebsiella pneumoniae tonb gene and characterization of escherichia coli-k. pneumoniae tonb hybrid proteins. | the tonb gene of klebsiella pneumoniae was cloned on a 1.4-kb ecorv fragment and expressed in escherichia coli. determination of the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the cloned fragment identified tonb as an open reading frame (orf) of 729 nt. the tonb protein consists of 243 amino acids (aa) and is highly homologous to enterobacter aerogenes tonb. the genetic context of k. pneumoniae and en. aerogenes tonb is the same, but is different from that of e. coli, salmonella typhimurium and serratia marces ... | 1993 | 8370545 |
| isolation of acanthamoeba sp. from a greyhound with pneumonia and granulomatous amebic encephalitis. | acanthamoeba were isolated from a naturally occurring animal infection of granulomatous amebic encephalitis. the amebas were grown from lung lesions from a 1-year-old greyhound puppy, which was 1 of several dogs in a kennel that was affected by a progressive fatal neurologic and respiratory disease. the centers for disease control, atlanta, georgia, confirmed the disease to be acanthamebiasis and specifically identified the amebas as acanthamoeba culbertsoni by fluorescent antibody testing on br ... | 1993 | 8373852 |
| proton-linked l-rhamnose transport, and its comparison with l-fucose transport in enterobacteriaceae. | 1. an alkaline ph change occurred when l-rhamnose, l-mannose or l-lyxose was added to l-rhamnose-grown energy-depleted suspensions of strains of escherichia coli. this is diagnostic of sugar-h+ symport activity. 2. l-rhamnose, l-mannose and l-lyxose were inducers of the sugar-h+ symport and of l-[14c]rhamnose transport activity. l-rhamnose also induced the biochemically and genetically distinct l-fucose-h+ symport activity in strains competent for l-rhamnose metabolism. 3. steady-state kinetic m ... | 1993 | 8384447 |
| salicylic acid prevents the adherence of bacteria and yeast to silastic catheters. | during the pathogenesis of catheter-related urinary tract infection, bacteria attach to the catheter and migrate along a biofilm into the bladder. we studied the effect of coating silastic catheters with salicylic acid on bacterial and yeast adherence. an agar roll technique, bioluminescent assay, and radiolabeling study all produced consistent results. there was a dose related inhibition of adherence with pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter aerogenes, klebsiella pneumoniae, candida albicans, a ... | 1993 | 8390997 |
| identification of algf in the alginate biosynthetic gene cluster of pseudomonas aeruginosa which is required for alginate acetylation. | mucoid strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa produce a high-molecular-weight exopolysaccharide called alginate that is modified by the addition of o-acetyl groups. to better understand the acetylation process, a gene involved in alginate acetylation called algf was identified in this study. we hypothesized that a gene involved in alginate acetylation would be located within the alginate biosynthetic gene cluster at 34 min on the p. aeruginosa chromosome. to isolate algf mutants, a procedure for loca ... | 1993 | 8394313 |
| comparative antimicrobial activity of lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin against > 500 bacterial isolates. | an agar dilution technique was used to compare the antimicrobial activities of lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin against 544 strains of bacterial isolates. among the five quinolone agents tested, ciprofloxacin was the most active. enoxacin was the most active after ciprofloxacin against escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, and haemophilus influenzae with an mic90 of < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml. ofloxacin ... | 1993 | 8396196 |
| t lymphocyte responses to antigens of gram-negative bacteria in pyelonephritis. | we showed previously that large numbers of t lymphocytes accumulate within a few days in the kidneys of rats with ascending pyelonephritis induced with escherichia coli or pseudomonas aeruginosa. cd4+ t cells propagated from the lesions exhibited mhc-restricted proliferative responses to formalin-fixed bacteria of the species used to induce infection. in the present study we investigated further the nature of the antigens responsible for the t cell proliferation and studied the ability of differ ... | 1993 | 8403542 |
| molecular characterization of the enterobacter aerogenes tonb gene: identification of a novel type of tonb box suppressor mutant. | the tonb gene of enterobacter aerogenes was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. it complemented an e. coli tonb mutant as efficiently as e. coli tonb, except for colicin b and d sensitivities. however, colicin b and d sensitivities were complemented by a derivative in which the aspartate at position 165 was replaced by a glutamine (tonbd-165-->q) by site-directed mutagenesis. in e. coli, the corresponding amino acid is a glutamine (q-160) which is known to be altered in most mu ... | 1993 | 8407788 |
| moar, a gene that encodes a positive regulator of the monoamine regulon in klebsiella aerogenes. | we cloned and sequenced a klebsiella aerogenes gene (moar) for activation of arylsulfatase synthesis by tyramine. this gene was cloned by complementation of a k. aerogenes mutant in which tyramine fails to relieve the arylsulfatase repression caused by sulfur compounds. the moar gene also activated induction of the synthesis of both tyramine oxidase and the 30-kda protein that is specifically induced by high concentrations of tyramine or catecholamines. the moar gene on the chromosome of the wil ... | 1993 | 8407801 |
| clinical and bacteriological study of nosocomial infections due to enterobacter aerogenes resistant to imipenem. | enterobacter aerogenes strains resistant to imipenem were isolated in 10 patients, 7 of whom had received imipenem-cilastatin. the strains were differentiated by biotype, antibiotype, and plasmid content. all of the strains overproduced a chromosomal cephalosporinase and lost a major outer membrane protein with a size of about 40 kda. in 5 of the 10 patients, e. aerogenes strains resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporin were isolated during the same stay. in three patients, the similarity be ... | 1993 | 8417016 |
| diethylpyrocarbonate reactivity of klebsiella aerogenes urease: effect of ph and active site ligands on the rate of inactivation. | reaction of klebsiella aerogenes urease with diethylpyrocarbonate (dep) led to a pseudo-first-order loss of enzyme activity by a reaction that exhibited saturation kinetics. the rate of urease inactivation by dep decreased in the presence of active site ligands (urea, phosphate, and boric acid), consistent with the essential reactive residue being located proximal to the catalytic center. the ph dependence for the rate of inactivation indicated that the reactive residue possessed a pka of 6.5, i ... | 1993 | 8427633 |
| sulphonate utilization by enteric bacteria. | a variety of sulphonates were tested for their ability to serve as nutrients for escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes and serratia marcescens. cysteate, taurine and isethionate could not serve as sole sources of carbon and energy but, under aerobic conditions, could be utilized as sources of sulphur. both sulphate and sulphonate supported equivalent cell yields, but the generation times varied with the sulphonate being metabolized. the sulphonate-s of hepes buffer, dodecane sulphonate and me ... | 1993 | 8436944 |
| characterization of the genes of the 2,3-butanediol operons from klebsiella terrigena and enterobacter aerogenes. | the genes involved in the 2,3-butanediol pathway coding for alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, alpha-acetolactate synthase (alpha-als), and acetoin (diacetyl) reductase were isolated from klebsiella terrigena and shown to be located in one operon. this operon was also shown to exist in enterobacter aerogenes. the buda gene, coding for alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase, gives in both organisms a protein of 259 amino acids. the amino acid similarity between these proteins is 87%. the k. terrigena ge ... | 1993 | 8444801 |
| antibacterial activity of cefcanel. | the minimum inhibitory concentration of cefcanel, a new oral cephalosporin, has been determined for 182 clinical isolates, of which 84 were from the family enterobacteriaceae, 45 were from the genus streptococcus, 18 were nonfermentative rods, 25 were haemophilus influenzae and 10 were branhamella catarrhalis. in general, cefcanel was more active than the other cephalosporins against the species escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes and proteus mirabilis. among the genus streptococcus only the ... | 1993 | 8458252 |
| the nac (nitrogen assimilation control) gene from klebsiella aerogenes. | the klebsiella aerogenes nac gene, whose product is necessary for nitrogen regulation of a number of operons, was identified and its dna sequence determined. the nac sequence predicted a protein a 305 amino acids with a strong similarity to members of the lysr family of regulatory proteins, especially oxyr from escherichia coli. analysis of proteins expressed in minicells showed that nac is a single-gene operon whose product has an apparent molecular weight of about 32 kda as measured in sodium ... | 1993 | 8458853 |
| the product of the klebsiella aerogenes nac (nitrogen assimilation control) gene is sufficient for activation of the hut operons and repression of the gdh operon. | in klebsiella aerogenes, the formation of a large number of enzymes responds to the quality and quantity of the nitrogen source provided in the growth medium, and this regulation requires the action of the nitrogen regulatory (ntr) system in every case known. nitrogen regulation of several operons requires not only the ntr system, but also nac, the product of the nac gene, raising the question of whether the role of nac is to activate operons directly or by modifying the specificity of the ntr s ... | 1993 | 8458854 |
| kinetics of alpha-dicarbonyls reduction by l-glycol dehydrogenase (nad+) from enterobacter aerogenes. | l-glycol dehydrogenase from enterobacter aerogenes shows a high affinity by nadh (ks = 2-4 microm; km = 4.3-9.7 microm), which indicates that it must operate in vivo saturated with this coenzyme. michaelis and dissociation constants for the reduction of the carbonyl substrates assayed (diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, methylglyoxal and ethyl pyruvate) are similar to those reported for other diacetyl reducing enzymes. the kinetic mechanism followed by these reactions has also been studied. our results ... | 1993 | 8500982 |
| cloning, sequence and characterization of the polyphosphate kinase-encoding gene (ppk) of klebsiella aerogenes. | polyphosphate kinase (ppk) catalyzes the formation of polyphosphate (polyp). the ppk-encoding gene (ppk) has been cloned from klebsiella aerogenes atcc9621. the gene possessed an open reading frame of 2055 bp capable of encoding a putative polypeptide with a deduced m(r) of 80,157. this polypeptide showed 93% similarity to the escherichia coli ppk. the nucleotide sequence of the promoter region of k. aerogenes ppk differed from that of the previously sequenced e. coli ppk. a putative pho box seq ... | 1993 | 7916727 |
| in-vitro activity of cefepime and other antimicrobials: survey of european isolates. | cefepime, a new cephalosporin which has a broad-spectrum of activity was tested in vitro against 1961 gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates obtained from european hospitals. cefepime was highly active against gram-negative organisms, inhibiting over 94% of strains tested. the overall susceptibility rate for cefepime against all isolates was 81%. cefepime was more active than any of the third-generation cephalosporins tested against species capable of producing type i beta-lactamases, ... | 1993 | 8150766 |
| in vitro survival of skin flora in heparin locks and needleless valve infusion devices. | to determine the extent to which two types of infusion devices, the heparin lock and a needleless valve device, allowed the persistence of inoculated microorganisms. | 1993 | 8226011 |
| properties of isochorismate hydroxymutase from flavobacterium k3-15. | isochorismate hydroxymutase (isochorismate synthase, e.c. 5.4.99.6) catalyzes the interconversion of chorismic acid [1] and isochorismic acid [2]. the enzyme was extracted from a flavobacterium k3-15 that overproduces vitamin k2 (i.e., menaquinones) and was purified to homogeneity. the n-terminal amino acid sequence and the mol wt (36,240 +/- 100 daltons) were determined by ms following sds pag electrophoresis. the enzyme was characterized (stability, cofactor requirement, isoelectrical point), ... | 1993 | 8229014 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression of thermophilic bacillus sp. strain tb-90 urease gene complex in escherichia coli. | the urease of thermophilic bacillus sp. strain tb-90 is composed of three subunits with molecular masses of 61, 12, and 11 kda. by using synthetic oligonucleotide probes based on n-terminal amino acid sequences of each subunit, we cloned a 3.2-kb ecori fragment of tb-90 genomic dna. moreover, we cloned two other dna fragments by gene walking starting from this fragment. finally, we reconstructed in vitro a 6.2-kb dna fragment which expressed catalytically active urease in escherichia coli by com ... | 1994 | 8288539 |
| crystallization of a dna and n-acetylserine binding fragment (residues 1 to 233) of klebsiella aerogenes cysb protein, a member of the lysr family. | cysb protein is a positive regulator of transcription of genes involved in cysteine biosynthesis in bacteria and a member of the lysr family of dna binding proteins. a 233-residue n-terminal chymotryptic fragment of the protein, with dna and n-acetylserine binding activity, has been crystallized in the presence of monomethyl-polyethylene glycol 750. the crystals diffract to 2.5 a (1 a = 0.1 nm) spacing on a rotating copper anode x-ray source and to 2.1 a spacing using synchrotron radiation and a ... | 1994 | 8289319 |
| comparative crossover assessment of serum bactericidal activity and pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. | the study compared the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin in 12 healthy male volunteers with normal renal function. each volunteer received oral ciprofloxacin 500 mg, intravenous (i.v.) ciprofloxacin 400 mg, oral ofloxacin 400 mg, or i.v. ofloxacin 400 mg in a randomized, double-blind, crossover design with a one-week 'washout' period between doses. mean peak serum concentrations were 4.48 and 5.44 mg/l for i.v. ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, respectively. for the ... | 1994 | 8157551 |
| characterization of the cysb protein of klebsiella aerogenes: direct evidence that n-acetylserine rather than o-acetylserine serves as the inducer of the cysteine regulon. | the cysb gene of klebsiella aerogenes has been cloned, sequenced and shown to complement the cysteine auxotrophic phenotype of escherichia coli cysb mutants. the k. aerogenes cysb gene is predicted to encode a protein of 324 amino acid residues that shares approx. 95% sequence similarity with the salmonella typhimurium and e. coli cysb proteins. gel-retardation assays demonstrate that the purified protein binds to dna fragments containing either the k. aerogenes cysb promoter or the s. typhimuri ... | 1994 | 8166630 |
| molecular characterization of microbial alcohol dehydrogenases. | there is an astonishing array of microbial alcohol oxidoreductases. they display a wide variety of substrate specificities and they fulfill several vital but quite different physiological functions. some of these enzymes are involved in the production of alcoholic beverages and of industrial solvents, others are important in the production of vinegar, and still others participate in the degradation of naturally occurring and xenobiotic aromatic compounds as well as in the growth of bacteria and ... | 1994 | 8185833 |
| synthesis, purification and kinetic properties of fluorescein-labelled penicillins. | the synthesis and properties of six fluorescein-labelled penicillins are reported. the two isomers of fluoresceyl-glycyl-6-amino-penicillanic acid are probably the best compounds to use for detection of all the penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) present in a bacterial membrane preparation. however, the derivatives of ampicillin were much more efficient against enterobacter aerogenes pbp3. the two isomers obtained when a commercial mixture of the two isomers of carboxyfluorescein was used most of ... | 1994 | 8198525 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin. | in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin, were compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime and flomoxef. the advantages of in vitro activity of fk037 were as follows: (1) a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, (2) the most potent activity (mic90: 25 micrograms/ml) of the cephalosporins tested against highly methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (h-mrsa), (3) a strong activity against enterobacter spp. and citrobacter freundii resistant to t ... | 1994 | 8205935 |
| the tryptophan repressor sequence is highly conserved among the enterobacteriaceae. | tryptophan biosynthesis in escherichia coli is regulated by the product of the trpr gene, the tryptophan (trp) repressor. trp aporepressor binds the corepressor, l-tryptophan, to form a holorepressor complex, which binds trp operator dna tightly, and inhibits transcription of the tryptophan biosynthetic operon. the conservation of trp operator sequences among enteric gram-negative bacteria suggests that trpr genes from other bacterial species can be cloned by complementation in e. coli. to clone ... | 1994 | 8208606 |
| chromate reductase activity of enterobacter aerogenes is induced by nitrite. | a chromate resistant mutant of enterobacter aerogenes manifested its chromate resistance only under aerobic conditions. both parent and mutant showed substantial levels of anaerobic chromate reductase activity when grown on glycerol plus fumarate. the chromate reductase was further induced by growth in the presence of nitrite but was repressed by nitrate. the chromate reductase activity paralleled that of the formate-linked nitrite reductase. there was no significant difference in chromate reduc ... | 1994 | 7988866 |
| consecutive mutations leading to the emergence in vivo of imipenem resistance in a clinical strain of enterobacter aerogenes. | three consecutive isolates of enterobacter aerogenes were obtained from the blood cultures of a hospitalised patient who was receiving antibiotic therapy. the initial isolate possessed an inducible cephalosporinase and was susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins. after ceftazidime treatment, a second isolate resistant to this antibiotic and characterised by stable overproduction of the chromosomal beta-lactamase was obtained, and therapy was altered to a new combination which included imi ... | 1994 | 8006932 |
| cloning and characterization of a tryptophanase gene from enterobacter aerogenes sm-18. | 1994 | 8012613 | |
| production of polyhydroxyalkanoates in sucrose-utilizing recombinant escherichia coli and klebsiella strains. | the cloned poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb) synthesis pathway from alcaligenes eutrophus has been introduced into sucrose-utilizing strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella aerogenes, and klebsiella oxytoca. the plasmid-borne genes were well expressed in these environments and were able to mediate the production of significant amounts of phb when the bacteria were grown with sucrose as the sole carbon source. the molecular weight of the phb polymer made in k. aerogenes and e. coli was approximately 1 ... | 1994 | 8017916 |
| evaluation of rapid one system for identification of 379 strains in the family enterobacteriaceae and oxidase-negative, gram-negative nonfermenters. | the ability of the rapid one system (innovative diagnostic systems, inc., norcross, ga.) to identify 364 strains in the family enterobacteriaceae and 15 oxidase-negative, gram-negative, nonfermentative rods was evaluated. kits were inoculated with no. 2 mcfarland standard suspensions, and reactions were interpreted after 4 h of incubation at 35 degrees c. overall, the method correctly identified (to the species level or to the genus level for salmonellas and non-shigella sonnei shigella species) ... | 1994 | 8027345 |
| chiral inversion of drug: role of intestinal bacteria in the stereoselective sulphoxide reduction of flosequinan. | chiral inversion at a sulphoxide position of flosequinan enantiomers [(+/-)-7-fluoro-1-methyl-3-methylsulphinyl-4-quinolone] occurred in conventional rats but not in either germ-free rats or rats treated with antibiotics after an oral administration of each enantiomer. thus, it was postulated that the chiral inversion occurred by mechanisms mediated by intestinal bacteria. the intestinal content isolated from conventional rats reduced r(+)- and s(-)-flosequinan to produce the sulphide, while int ... | 1994 | 8053920 |