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[campylobacter jejuni sepsis in a patient with hiv infection and chronic hepatopathy]. 19938499522
immunological activity of lipopolysaccharide of helicobacter pylori on human peripheral mononuclear blood cells in comparison to lipopolysaccharides of other intestinal bacteria.lipopolysaccharide of helicobacter pylori was tested for its mitogenicity and for its ability to stimulate cytokine release in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of healthy and h. pylori-infected blood donors. mitogenicity in pbmc induced by h. pylori lps was similar to that induced by campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharide, but lower than that induced by escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in the h. pylori negative blood donor group. furthermore, h. pylori lps was able to induce t ...19938499895
heat-labile and heat-stable haemolysins of campylobacter jejuni.during studies on the virulence mechanisms of campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates it became apparent that some strains produced one or more haemolysins and some did not. there was no great difference between group c (cholera-like) strains and group d (dysentery-like) strains. the protein haemolysin(s) showed a spectrum of activity against erythrocytes from different animals; with maximum activity against rabbit and minimal activity against chicken erythrocytes. the results suggested a two-sta ...19938499897
primary swine intestinal cells as a model for studying campylobacter jejuni invasiveness.swine small-intestinal enterocytes were used to test the invasiveness of campylobacter jejuni. the cells were removed from the small intestines of 6-h-old piglets by enzymatic digestion. two clinical c. jejuni isolates invaded swine enterocytes at significantly higher frequencies than an escherichia coli control strain. the recovered colonies of c. jejuni t13192 appeared to be highly mucoid and invaded tissue culture cells (int 407) at higher frequency (0.14%) than the parental strain (0.003%). ...19938500914
chemical structure of the core region of campylobacter jejuni serotype o:2 lipopolysaccharide.the complete structure for the core region of campylobacter jejuni serotype o:2 lipopolysaccharide (lps) was assigned through studies on derivatives of the liberated oligosaccharide (os 2) and the intact lps. structure determinations were performed using 1h-nmr spectroscopy, methylation studies supported by fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry and linkage analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, smith degradation, and oxidation with chromium trioxide. it was concluded that complete o ...19938504799
[campylobacter jejuni bacteremia and leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a cirrhotic patient]. 19938512981
early diagnosis of typhoid fever by an enzyme immunoassay using salmonella typhi outer membrane protein preparations.an enzyme immunoassay (eia) for detection of serum antibodies in patients with typhoid fever was developed using salmonella typhi outer membrane protein (omp) preparations as antigen. acute phase (first week) sera from adult typhoid fever patients were tested as well as sera from the following control groups: adult travellers with diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, children infected with campylobacter jejuni, healthy mexican adult blood donors, and adults with septicemia caused ...19938513812
a campylobacter jejuni homolog of the lcrd/flbf family of proteins is necessary for flagellar biogenesis.a campylobacter jejuni homolog of the lcrd/flbf family of genes was cloned and sequenced. the nucleotide sequence of the gene, called flba, predicted a protein of 78,864 da, with significant homology to a group of related proteins including the yersinia pestis lcrd, salmonella typhimurium inva, and caulobacter crescentus flbf proteins. the greatest homology was seen with the c. crescentus flbf protein, with an overall amino acid sequence homology of 57%. an insertion mutation in the c. jejuni 81 ...19938514397
early colonic damage and invasion of campylobacter jejuni in experimentally challenged infant macaca mulatta.experimental challenge studies with campylobacter jejuni were conducted in 3.5-month-old infant macaca mulatta. one infant monkey (92-1) was challenged with 2.7 x 10(10) cfu of strain 78-37. a second infant was infected intentionally by natural transmission. the infants developed diarrhea 32 h after challenge of infant 92-1. electron microscopic observations indicate that cell invasion is the primary mechanism of colon damage and diarrheal disease caused by c. jejuni. intracellular c. jejuni wer ...19938515112
role of campylobacter jejuni flagella as colonization factors for three-day-old chicks: analysis with flagellar mutants.campylobacter jejuni, an important cause of human gastrointestinal infection, is a major food-borne pathogen in the united states and worldwide. since poultry becomes colonized and/or contaminated during the early stages of production and is a major food-borne source for this organism, we studied the role of c. jejuni flagella on the ability of the bacterium to colonize the chicken gastrointestinal tract. three-day-old chicks were orally challenged with a motile wild-type strain of c. jejuni in9 ...19938517729
campylobacter bacteraemia in england and wales, 1981-91.routine surveillance of infection in england and wales detected 394 cases of campylobacter bacteraemia in 11 years. this represented an average incidence of 1.5 per 1000 intestinal campylobacter infections, with a range of 0.3/1000 in children aged 1-4 years to 5.9/1000 in patients aged 65 years or more. definitive identification of 257 isolates showed that 89% were campylobacter jejuni or c. coli; other species were c. fetus (8.6%), c. lari (0.8%), c. upsaliensis (0.8%), helicobacter (campyloba ...19938519321
the colonization of broiler chickens with campylobacter jejuni: some epidemiological investigations.between june 1990 and july 1991, broiler chickens from 49 flocks from 23 farms were examined for the carriage of campylobacter jejuni at slaughter. thirty-seven flocks (76%) were campylobacter-positive. prevalence of campylobacter-colonization was not associated with any of a variety of factors such as water source and broiler house floor structure. there was also no apparent seasonal variation in carriage. investigations on one farm indicated that dipping boots in disinfectant before workers en ...19938519325
arcobacter cryaerophilus and thermophilic campylobacters in a sewage treatment plant in italy: two secondary treatments compared.microaerophilic organisms were monitored in sewage effluent undergoing two secondary treatments: air and oxygen-activated sludge. the mean numbers of arcobacter cryaerophilus and thermophilic campylobacters detected in incoming sewage were 5639/100 ml and 1720/100 ml respectively. secondary treatment in air tanks reduced the population of a. cryaerophilus by 97.1% and of thermophilic campylobacters by 99.08%, whereas treatment in oxygen tanks reduced the bacteria 97.8% and 99.63% respectively, s ...19938519328
effect of mutational alteration of asn-128 in the putative gtp-binding domain of tetracycline resistance determinant tet(o) from campylobacter jejuni.the deduced amino acid sequence of campylobacter jejuni tet(o), cloned in escherichia coli, has shown that it contains the five highly conserved sequences of the gtp-binding domain found in other gtpases. asn-128 belongs to the g4 motif of such a domain and is involved in hydrogen bonding with the guanine ring of the nucleotide. substitution of asn-128 by 11 other amino acids resulted in a decrease in tetracycline resistance, indicating that tetracycline resistance conferred by tet(o) is related ...19938109930
modulation of mucosal immunity against campylobacter jejuni by orally administered cytokines.the effect of oral recombinant interleukin (ril) treatment on the course of campylobacter jejuni infection and the development of mucosal immunity in mice was investigated. ril-2, ril-5, and ril-6 were administered to mice at 24 and 6 h before infection and at 0, 24, and 48 h after infection with c. jejuni hc, and the subsequent development of an immune response and intestinal colonization resistance were determined. in this model, orally administered cytokines retained their biological activiti ...19938109936
azithromycin resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.the mics of erythromycin, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin were determined for 60 human fecal isolates of campylobacter. of these, 30 strains selected on the basis of their resistance to erythromycin by disk diffusion were highly resistant to both erythromycin and azithromycin. nine of these selected isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. the remaining 30 strains were non-selected, consecutive isolates of campylobacter susceptible to erythromycin by disk diffusion and were shown to be two- to f ...19938112360
nursing disease in mink: clinical and postmortem findings.one hundred fifty lactating mink on one ranch in southern ontario were monitored over the lactation period in 1989 for evidence of clinical disease, and serial blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. antemortem blood samples were collected and necropsies performed on the 17 females that developed nursing disease and on 17 controls matched to the same stage of lactation and on ten nonlactating controls. twenty-two additional nursing disease cases were selected from seven ranches in ...19938116144
application of a dna-dna hybridization method for detection of campylobacter jejuni in chicken feces.a direct colony hybridization method was used for the detection of campylobacter jejuni in chicken feces. the biotin-labeled dna prepared from the whole genome dna of c. jejuni subsp. jejuni atcc 33560 reacted well with homologous dna and slightly with c. coli dna. the method with the probe was found to be sensitive enough to detect a small number (10(2) cfu/g) of c. jejuni in chicken feces which contained a large number of background flora. it was suggested that this simple and sensitive method ...19938117799
vero cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 infections in austria.to determine the prevalence of vero cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) serotype o157 associated diarrhea in the austrian patient population, we surveyed all stool specimens of liquid consistency submitted to the federal public health laboratory (fphl) in innsbruck for 2 years for this organism. this laboratory serves a population of approximately 1 million people. of 5,265 stool specimens, 7 yielded o157 vtec. five isolates of e. coli o157 phage type 32, vt2 were cultured from specimens ...19938212755
plasmid profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility of campylobacter jejuni isolated from israeli children with diarrhea.thirty campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) strains isolated from stools of israeli children with enteritis were tested for sensitivity to eight antimicrobial agents (mic) and the presence of plasmids. it was found that all the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, furazolidone and erythromycin. of the 30 strains tested, 21 (70%) were found to be tetracycline-resistant, a relatively high resistance rate as compared with data from other countries and previous reports from israel. plasm ...19938219507
use of nonradioactive dna probes to identify a campylobacter jejuni strain causing abortion.a case of human abortion due to a campylobacter infection is reported. cultures revealed two morphologically different isolates with large and small colonies respectively. using conventional methods of identification, the large colonies were identified as campylobacter jejuni and the small colonies as campylobacter coli. dot blot hybridization and determination of rdna restriction fragment patterns revealed that both colony types were the same strain of campylobacter jejuni. this observation ill ...19938223663
fine mapping of the three rrna operons on the updated genomic map of campylobacter jejuni tgh9011 (atcc 43431).the three rrna gene loci of campylobacter jejuni tgh9011 (atcc 43431) were cloned. all three rrna operons were shown to possess a contiguous 16s-23s structure and contain intercistronic trna(ala) and trna(ile). the three rna operons and additional 14 genetic markers were mapped in the updated genomic map of c. jejuni tgh9011, which now has a total of 24 genetic markers.19938226692
a bacterium lipopolysaccharide that elicits guillain-barré syndrome has a gm1 ganglioside-like structure.there is a strong association between guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and penner's serotype 19 (pen 19) of campylobacter jejuni. sera from patients with gbs after c. jejuni infection have autoantibodies to gm1 ganglioside in the acute phase of the illness. our previous work has suggested that gbs results from an immune response to cross-reactive antigen between lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the gram-negative bacterium and membrane components of peripheral nerves. to clarify the pathogenesis of gbs, ...19938228822
[spontaneous peritonitis caused by campylobacter jejuni]. 19938234991
a case of bovine mastitis caused by campylobacter jejuni.a campylobacter jejuni mastitis in a holstein cow, 60 days into the first lactation, is reported. this was characterized by a sudden onset, a pyrexia, painful quarter and pink milk with a few small clots present. there was good response to a treatment protocol of: parenteral oxytetracycline, frequent stripping and intramammary infusions of erythromycin. this organism has a zoonotic property.19938237203
chemical structures of the core regions of campylobacter jejuni serotypes o:1, o:4, o:23, and o:36 lipopolysaccharides.complete structures, including the location of n-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5ac) residues, were assigned for the core regions of campylobacter jejuni serotypes o:1, o:4, and o:23 and o:36 lipopolysaccharides (lps). in continuation of earlier studies, structure determinations of liberated oligosaccharides and, where necessary, of intact lps, were by 1h-nmr spectroscopy, smith degradation, chromium trioxide and enzymic degradations, in conjunction with methylation studies supported by fast-atom-bom ...19938240486
protection against campylobacter diarrhea: role of milk iga antibodies against bacterial surface antigens.in developing countries, campylobacter jejuni causes diarrhea and dysentery, especially in children less than one year of age. breast feeding protects against infectious diarrhea, with milk iga antibody playing a determining role. therefore, it has been proposed to increase the protective effect of human milk by vaccinating women of child-bearing age. to identify antigens which may induce protective breast-milk iga, we analyzed 60 strains of c. jejuni isolated from asymptomatically- and symptoma ...19938241641
in vitro activity of new quinoxaline compounds against campylobacter species and clostridium difficile.sc-44914 and sc-44942-a are two new quinoxaline compounds with a spectrum of activity similar to that of metronidazole. we studied the activity of sc-44914 and sc-44942-a against 35 campylobacter jejuni, 30 c. coli, and 20 clostridium (cl.) difficile and compared it with that of metronidazole by utilizing an agar dilution method. the quinoxalines had little activity against the c. jejuni and c. coli [minimum inhibitory concentration (mic)90 > or = 64 micrograms/ml]. sc-44914 and sc-44942-a had e ...19938243041
survival of pathogenic bacteria during mesophilic anaerobic digestion of animal waste.the survival of pathogenic bacteria was investigated during the operation of a full-scale anaerobic digester which was fed daily and operated at 28 degrees c. the digester had a mean hydraulic retention time of 24 d. the viable numbers of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, listeria monocytogenes and campylobacter jejuni were reduced during mesophilic anaerobic digestion. escherichia coli had the smallest mean viable numbers at each stage of the digestion process. ...19938244898
[erythema nodosum in pediatric patients. a study of 22 cases].in this study we report the cases of 22 pediatric patients with nodal erythema. the predominance of this condition in male patients was clear. etiological factors were determined in 77% of the patients. in our series, the principal cause was tuberculosis (36%). we would like to point out the etiological diversity in this small series of children: streptococcal infection, gastrointestinal infection with salmonella enteritidis or campylobacter jejuni, cat scratch disease, infectious mononucleosis, ...19938250429
campylobacter jejuni and guillain-barré syndrome.campylobacter jejuni is the most frequently identified bacterial cause of gastroenteritis in the uk, and commonly precedes guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). there is some evidence that the resultant neurological disease may be a more severe variant of gbs with predominant axonal degeneration. crossreactivity between neural antigens and c. jejuni may be one of the mechanisms by which gbs is triggered. unravelling the immunopathogenesis of gbs following c. jejuni enteritis may shed light on the way i ...19938255960
a community study on the aetiology of childhood diarrhoea with special reference to campylobacter jejuni in a semiurban slum of varanasi, india.in a community study of 607 diarrhoeal and 529 non-diarrhoeal (control) patients less than 5 years old carried out between august 1988 and july 1989, the campylobacter jejuni isolation rate was 4% in the diarrhoeal and 0.9% in the control group. it was the second most common bacterial enteropathogen isolated after escherichia coli. its incidence was more common among 1-2 year old children (4.8%) and during rainy season (july-october). features of dysentery were absent in c. jejuni diarrhoea. fin ...19938263306
pcr-mediated dna typing of campylobacter jejuni isolated from patients with recurrent infections.the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and two primers aiming at the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) and arbitrary dna sequences, respectively, were used to fingerprint the genomic dna of 24 campylobacter jejuni strains isolated from five patients with recurrent c. jejuni infections. results were compared with biotyping and serotyping. the latter two methods, when combined, distinguished 9 different types, whereas pcr-mediated dna analysis discriminated 14 different patterns. ...19938190996
molecular typing of thermotolerant species of campylobacter with ribosomal rna gene patterns.ribosomal rna gene restriction patterns (ribopatterns) of 72 strains representing campylobacter jejuni (subspecies jejuni and doylei), c. coli, c. upsaliensis and c. lari including the urealytic (uptc) biovar were determined using four common restriction endonucleases (haeiii, hindiii, psti and pvuii). the relative effectiveness of these enzymes for general molecular typing of the thermotolerant campylobacters was assessed. ribotypes (haeiii) were defined on the basis of computer-assisted numeri ...19938190997
short-term treatment of traveler's diarrhea with norfloxacin: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study during two seasons.clinical efficacy of norfloxacin for treatment of traveler's diarrhea in 106 finnish tourists vacationing in morocco was evaluated during two different seasons. when the criteria for diagnosis of traveler's diarrhea were fulfilled, norfloxacin (400 mg) or a placebo was given orally, twice daily for 3 days. all symptoms and signs subsided sooner in the norfloxacin group. the clearest difference was observed in the duration of diarrhea: 1.2 days in the norfloxacin group vs. 3.3 days in the placebo ...19938268363
[five cases of campylobacter jejuni enteritis accompanied with guillain-barré syndrome].17 cases of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) were admitted to the first hospital of beijing medical university and baoding hospital from july, 1991 to october, 1992. five patients had diarrhea before the onset of gbs and showed positive reaction for serum igm antibodies to campylobacter jejuni. they were considered to have campylobacter jejuni enteritis as well. this incidence of campylobacter jejuni enteritis in gbs patients was higher than in those with other neurological diseases and in normal c ...19938269767
[mucinase activity of helicobacter pylori: application of simplified mucinase test].we conducted the simplified mucinase tests about helicobacters (helicobacter pylori, helicobacter felis and helicobacter mustelae) and campylobacter jejuni, positive controls were pseudomonas maltophilia and pseudomonas cepacia. h. pylori, h. felis and c. jejuni showed low resolution activities for hog gastric mucin, however h. mustelae had no detectable the activities. this enzymatic activity varies considerably by cultural condition of h. pylori, therefore it is difficult to compare the activi ...19938283626
efficacy of filter types for detecting campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in environmental water samples by polymerase chain reaction.a previously developed polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of a target region in the flaa campylobacter flagellin gene was evaluated and adapted for use with environmental water samples. the ability to detect campylobacter jejuni or campylobacter coli in seeded water samples was tested with various filters after concentration and freeze-thaw lysis of the bacterial cells. a nonradioactive probe for the amplified flagellin gene fragment detected as little as 1 to 10 fg of genomic dna and ...19938285708
evidence for the presence of a receptor for the cytolethal distending toxin (cldt) of campylobacter jejuni on cho and hela cell membranes and development of a receptor-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of cldt.using ligand blotting, it was found that partially purified cytolethal distending toxin prepared from an enterotoxigenic strain of campylobacter jejuni, bound to two peptides of molecular masses of approximately 59 kda and 45 kda and to a single peptide of 59 kda in protein blots prepared from hela and cho cell membranes, respectively. in contrast, labile toxin of escherichia coli and cholera toxin bound to a single peptide of the same molecular mass (15 kda) on protein blots prepared from both ...19938288105
[the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in enterocolitis caused by campylobacter jejuni].in the submitted case-history the authors describe the clinical course of haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (hus) during campylobacter infection in a two-year-old boy. on the described case the authors wish to confirm that in the manifestation of hus in childhood not only infections caused by the usual microbial agents can participate but also campylobacter jejuni.19938299194
campylobacter jejuni enterocolitis in neonates.campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading bacterial pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis in children. only a few cases have been described in the world literature about neonatal enterocolitis due to campylobacter and none from saudi arabia. we describe six cases of neonatal enterocolitis due to this organism isolated during the period from september 1989 - january 1991 at suleimania children's hospital, riyadh, saudi arabia. all of the patients presented with diarrhea; duration ranging from ...199317588023
direct polymerase chain reaction detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in raw milk and dairy products.[this corrects the article on p. 2161 in vol. 59.].199316349140
development and characterization of reca mutants of campylobacter jejuni for inclusion in attenuated vaccines.isogenic reca mutants of campylobacter jejuni have been constructed for evaluation of their usefulness in attenuated vaccines against this major worldwide cause of diarrhea. the reca+ gene of c. jejuni 81-176 was cloned by using degenerate primers to conserved regions of other reca proteins in a pcr. the c. jejuni reca+ gene encodes a predicted protein with an m(r) of 37,012 with high sequence similarity to other reca proteins. the termination codon of the reca+ gene overlaps with the initiation ...19948300203
intestinal b cell defects in common variable immunodeficiency.the humoral immune system of the small intestine of 17 patients with common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) was studied by immunohistology using antibodies specific for iga1,2, igm, igg1-4, the j chain and the secretory component (sc). iga1,2+, igg2+ and igm+ lamina propria b cells were totally lacking in 65% (11/17), 41% (7/17) and 18% (3/17) of cvid patients, respectively. one patient exhibited an isolated iga1 subclass deficiency. the proportion of plasma cells in conventionally stained hist ...19948306494
lipopolysaccharides of campylobacter jejuni serotype o:19: structures of core oligosaccharide regions from the serostrain and two bacterial isolates from patients with the guillain-barré syndrome.lipopolysaccharides from phenol-water extraction of cells of campylobacter jejuni serotype o:19 were separated into a water-soluble gel of low m(r) and a water-soluble component of high m(r). acetic acid hydrolysis of the ketosidic linkages to lipid a furnished respectively a core oligosaccharide, the structure of which is reported herein, and an o antigenic polysaccharide. structural investigations were performed on the o-deacetylated lipopolysaccharide of low m(r), the liberated core oligosacc ...19948286348
gm 1 antibodies in guillain-barré syndrome: isotypes, course and clinical outcome.iga, igg, and igm antibodies against ganglioside gm 1 were investigated in sera of 15 patients with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), as compared with healthy controls. significantly raised titers were found in 4 patients who showed persisting weakness due to muscle wasting (3 patients) or due to the development of a chronic relapsing form of gbs (1 patient) after a follow up period of 1 year. by contrast, only 1 out of 11 anti-gm 1 seronegative patients showed persisting muscle wasting. in 1 patie ...19948197746
campylobacter jejuni bacteremia and guillain-barré syndrome in a patient with gvhd after allogeneic bmt.guillain-barré syndrome is a rare neurologic complication after allogeneic bmt. in the non-transplant setting, guillain-barré syndrome has typically been associated with antecedent acute infections and numerous reports have suggested an association between campylobacter jejuni infection and the subsequent development of guillain-barré syndrome. thus far, however, reports of c. jejuni-associated guillain-barré syndrome have been limited to gastrointestinal c. jejuni infections and none has been r ...19948199580
[the role of flagella of campylobacter jejuni in colonization in the intestinal tract in mice and the cultured-cell infectivity].for analyzing the role of the bacterial flagella in colonization in the intestinal tract of mice and adhering to or invading the intestine 407 cell, a nonflagellated, nonmotile mutant was induced by ultraviolet irradiation of a flagellated, motile wild-type strain of campylobacter jejuni cf84-340. there was no great difference in the cellular infectivity to the intestine 407 cells between the wild-type and the mutant strains. cellular adherence and invasiveness were then compared by fluorescent ...19948201772
monoclonal igm antibodies to gm1 and asialo-gm1 in chronic neuropathies cross-react with campylobacter jejuni lipopolysaccharides.we tested monoclonal igm anti-gm1 and asialo-gm1 antibodies from 6 patients with chronic motor neuropathies for binding to lipopolysaccharides (lps) from three stains of campylobacter jejuni. four of the 6 patients showed strong reactivity with lps from at least one of the three c. jejuni strains tested as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or western blot. preabsorption with gm1 or asialo-gm1, or blocking with cholera toxin, prevented antibody binding to lps. these studies indicate that ...19948210226
campylobacter jejuni enterocolitis causing peritonitis, ileitis and intestinal obstruction.patients with campylobacter enterocolitis may come to laparotomy due to the severity of abdominal symptoms and signs, although only two patients with intestinal inflammation have been described and in neither was the histopathology documented. a case of a 52-year-old male who had a typical diarrhoeal illness of campylobacter enterocolitis diagnosed on stool culture is reported. despite appropriate treatment he developed signs and symptoms consistent with small intestinal obstruction. laparotomy ...19948267541
food and animal sources of human campylobacter jejuni infection. 19948125823
bacteraemia caused by campylobacter spp.the genus campylobacter has become increasingly recognised as the cause of various infections. campylobacter jejuni and c coli cause acute gastroenteritis in man all over the world. c jejuni enteritis can lead to bacteraemia, but its actual incidence remains unknown. seven cases of bacteraemia caused by c jejuni or c coli are reported, from the blood of seven patients: five immune deficient adults; a newborn baby; and a patient who had had abdominal surgery. patients who develop diarrhoea as a r ...19948132835
etiology of diarrhea in a rural community in western thailand: importance of enteric viruses and enterovirulent escherichia coli.the etiology of gastroenteritis was determined in children and adults with diarrhea seen at a district hospital and three government health clinics in suan phung, western thailand, in 1991. enteric viruses (rotavirus and astrovirus) were identified in 40%, shigellae in 18%, attaching and effacing escherichia coli in 13%, campylobacter jejuni in 9%, and enterotoxigenic e. coli in 7% of children < 5 years old with diarrhea seen at the hospital. enteric viruses were detected in 15% (24/156) of pati ...19948133110
foodborne bacterial infections in individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus.the literature contains reports documenting a foodborne etiology for bacterial infections caused by salmonella spp, listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, and vibrio spp in individuals with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the incidence of these infections and the life-threatening complications that result are elevated in people with hiv infection. we present practical recommendations to prevent foodborne illnesses and the resulting complications, including gastroenteritis, bactere ...19948115877
biotyping of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli infections in spain.biochemical profiles were studied in 102 campylobacter isolates from patients affected by enteric disease in orense (spain) over a 1-year period. the isolates were identified as hippurate-positive campylobacter jejuni (n = 90), campylobacter coli (n = 10) and hippurate-negative c. jejuni (n = 2). seventy-seven of the hippurate-positive and both hippurate-negative c. jejuni isolates were biotyped as c. jejuni subsp. jejuni biotype 1, nine as c. jejuni subsp. jejuni biotype 2 and four as c. jejuni ...19947884224
cloning, characterization, and nucleotide sequence analysis of the argh gene from campylobacter jejuni tgh9011 encoding argininosuccinate lyase.the complete structural gene for argininosuccinate lyase (argh) from campylobacter jejuni tgh9011 has been cloned into escherichia coli by complementation of an e. coli argh auxotrophic mutant. the gene has been subcloned for sequencing on a 4.1-kb dna segment and localized by the complementing activity of deletion mutants. the complete dna sequence of the c. jejuni argh gene was determined. the transcription start point for argh mrna was determined by primer extension analysis and found to be w ...19948144452
immunoglobulin a antibodies directed against campylobacter jejuni flagellin present in breast-milk.we studied the relationship between iga anti-campylobacter flagellin antibodies in breast milk samples and protection of breastfed infants living in a rural mexican village from campylobacter infection. there were fewer episodes of campylobacter infection (symptomatic and asymptomatic combined) in infants breastfed with milk containing specific anti-flagellin antibodies (1.2/child/year, 95% ci 0.6-1.8) versus non-breastfed children (3.3/child/year, 95% ci 1.8-4.8; p < 0.01). infants breastfed wi ...19948150009
prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical strains of campylobacter jejuni isolated in spain. 19948157566
monitoring of selected bacteria and fungi in sand and sea water along the tel aviv coast.monitoring sand and sea water of the mediterranean tel aviv beaches during 1989-1991 for bacterial quality showed varying data and no correlation between standard bacteria parameters (sbp) and potential pathogenic bacteria (ppb). an exceptional feature was observed in 1989 when faecal coliforms including escherichia coli and faecal streptococcus were less in sand than in sea water. these results may be attributed to the low turbulent activity of the sea in 1989, particularly in summer, compared ...19948159125
campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis and acute encephalopathy. 19948163842
bacteria in blood for transfusion. a review.to summarize reports of bacterial contamination of blood components for transfusion during this century, considering implicated microorganisms and patient outcomes, with identification and discussion of recommended methods to reduce or eliminate this problem.19948166585
iron-regulated proteins in outer membranes of campylobacter jejuni diarrhoea isolates and immune response to the proteins in patients.the outer membrane protein (omp) profiles from 8 campylobacter jejuni and 5 campylobacter coli fecal isolates grown under various conditions were compared by sds-page. the bacteria were grown under usual conditions, in iron-deficient medium (dip) and on iron-supplemented medium (fe). the omp profiles of most bacterial strains grown under usual conditions, or in the fe-supplemented medium, contained four major bands of approximately 31, 45, 63-66 and 97 kda, and in addition, a number of minor ban ...19948167428
lipopolysaccharides from campylobacter jejuni associated with guillain-barré syndrome patients mimic human gangliosides in structure.lipopolysaccharides extracted from campylobacter jejuni serostrains (serotype reference strains) for serotypes o:4 and o:19 were found to have core oligosaccharides with terminal structures resembling human gangliosides gm1 and gd1a. high-molecular-weight molecules that reflected the presence of o chains were shown in immunoblots to be immunologically specific for each serostrain. the o:19 antiserum also reacted strongly with core oligosaccharides of two isolates from patients with guillain-barr ...19948168981
campylobacter jejuni, human immunodeficiency virus, and the guillain-barré syndrome. 19948169419
infection, diarrhea, and dysentery caused by shigella species and campylobacter jejuni among guatemalan rural children.to examine the factors that may influence the outcome of infections by shigella spp. and campylobacter jejuni we followed for 24 consecutive months 321 rural guatemala children 0 to 35 months old. home visits were made to determine child morbidity patterns with emphasis on diarrhea and dysentery. fecal samples for microbiologic studies were obtained from the participants when they were ill and during healthy periods. shigella spp. were isolated from 9.8 and 4.0% of ill and healthy children, resp ...19948177630
mucosal competitive exclusion to diminish colonization of chickens by campylobacter jejuni.mucosal competitive exclusion flora (mce) and length of mce culture storage were studied to determine their influence upon colonization of campylobacter jejuni in chickens. day-of-hatch broiler chicks, held in isolation units, were treated with mce or were left untreated. thirty to 48 h later, groups of chicks were challenged with serial dilutions of c. jejuni (strain a74/c). single challenge doses and treatments were administered to chickens within each isolation unit. after 5 d, chicks were ki ...19948177818
guillain-barré syndrome associated with igm anti-gm1 antibody following campylobacter jejuni enteritis.we report a 4-year-old girl diagnosed as having guillain-barré syndrome after infection by penner serotype 19 of campylobacter jejuni. the patient had the hla-b35 antigen. neurological examination revealed distal-dominant weakness and intact sensation. serial electrophysiological studies indicated that the predominant process was axonal degeneration involving motor nerves. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed the presence of high titres of serum igm antibodies to gangliosides gm1 and gm ...19948181502
aetiology of gastroenteritis at a major referral centre in saudi arabia.to determine the causes of gastroenteritis at a major referral centre in saudi arabia, retrospective study was carried out on 58,110 fresh stools from 42,035 patients. examination of stool specimens for pathogens was based on the clinical judgement of the physician responsible, so that all specimens were not tested for the presence of all pathogen groups. bacterial enteropathogens were found in 7.7% of patients; salmonella species (51.7%) were found to be the most frequent pathogens followed by ...19948187944
epidemiology of acute diarrheal diseases in children in a high standard of living rural settlement in israel.epidemiologic patterns of acute diarrheal diseases in a high standard of living communal settlement, situated in a region endemic for enteric diseases, were evaluated by a historical prospective study of 284 children (12,064 child months) from august, 1988, through july, 1992. three hundred eighty-three episodes of acute diarrhea were identified, yielding a rate of 0.38 episode per 12 child months. one hundred and children (35.6%) were reported to have 1 to 4 diarrheal episodes and 29 (10.2%) ch ...19948190536
polymerase chain reaction-mediated dna fingerprinting for epidemiological studies on campylobacter spp.the applicability of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-mediated dna typing, with primers complementary to dispersed repetitive dna sequences and arbitrarily chosen dna motifs, to study the epidemiology of campylobacter infection was evaluated. with a single pcr reaction and simple gel electrophoresis, strain-specific dna banding patterns were observed for campylobacter jejuni and c. upsaliensis. dna from multiple strains isolated during an outbreak of c. jejuni meningitis generated identical bandi ...19948107063
the clinical correlates of high-titer igg anti-gm1 antibodies.serum igg anti-gm1 antibodies have been reported to occur in a variety of disorders, including guillain-barré syndrome and chronic polyneuropathies. of over 5,000 serums tested in our laboratory, high titers of selective igg anti-gm1 antibodies (> 1:1,000) and without binding to sulfatide were found in 35 patients. clinical correlation revealed that almost all patients had axonal, motor neuropathies. one subgroup was comprised of individuals with an acute motor neuropathy, described either as an ...19948109905
campylobacter jejuni and guillain-barré syndrome. 19948109911
urease-mediated destruction of bacteria is specific for helicobacter urease and results in total cellular disruption.the survival of helicobacter mustelae, proteus mirobilis, escherichia coli and campylobacter jejuni in the presence of urea and citrate at ph 6.0 was examined. h. mustelae, which has urease activity similar to h. pylori, had a markedly reduced survival, median 2.5% (0-78%) (p < 0.001) when incubated under these conditions. only 7% of the ammonia produced by h. mustelae urease activity was recovered from the buffer, a similar percentage to that previously reported with h. pylori. none of the othe ...19947866348
[infection of ascitic fluid caused by campylobacter jejuni in a patient with liver cirrhosis. a new case with an atypical presentation]. 19947875460
effect of ionizing dose rate on the radioresistance of some food pathogenic bacteria.food pathogenic bacteria including listeria monocytogenes (1a1 and atcc 19111), staphylococcus aureus (gd13 and atcc 13565), escherichia coli o157:h7 (atcc 35150), salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and campylobacter jejuni were exposed to various rates of ionizing radiation (0.78, 2.6, and 22 kgy/h) emitted by three different 60co irradiators. d10 values (d10 is the radiation dose required to eliminate 90% of a bacterial population (one logarithmic cycle r ...19948069779
plasmid for the direct subcloning from lambda gt11 to produce an lt-b fusion protein.we wished to study lt-b fusion proteins for potential as vaccines. we reasoned that a gene that was expressed as a lambda gt11 fusion protein would have a better chance of being expressed fused to lt-b. to facilitate such constructions, we modified plasmid pya3081. a bamhi-ecori-bamhi* (* is to stop codon) adapter was inserted into the single bamhi site to form a new plasmid-designated pbeb. the insert was designed so that the ecori site at the downstream end of the lt-b gene was in the same rea ...19948074872
simple extraction of campylobacter lipopolysaccharide and protein antigens and production of their antibodies in egg yolk.antigens were heat extracted from campylobacter jejuni (li04) and c. coli (li020) in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) and were recovered in the supernatant of a low-speed centrifugation. the method is simpler, safer and more efficient in extracting lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens than the hot phenol method. the extracted antigens (lps plus several proteins) elicited production of antigen-specific antibodies in the egg yolk of immunized hens. antibodies purified by polyethylen ...19948074971
two-year study of endemic enteric pathogens associated with acute diarrhea in new caledonia.a longitudinal study of diarrheal disease among patients of all ages with acute diarrhea was carried out in new caledonia from january 1990 to december 1991. stool samples from 2,088 diarrheal patients were examined for parasites, rotavirus, and bacterial pathogens. potential sources of contamination (drinking water, seawater and bovine and porcine feces) were investigated. one or more enteric pathogens were identified in 41.8 and 40.6% of the persons with diarrhea, in 1990 and 1991, respectivel ...19948077399
characteristics of cytotoxin produced by campylobacter jejuni strains.the cytotoxic activity against cultured cells of nineteen clinically isolated strains of campylobacter jejuni was tested. these strains were found to have different profiles in cytotoxin and enterotoxin production, and the characteristics of cytotoxin were further investigated. the cytotoxin showed cell killing toxicity against cho and hela cells. vacuole formation was observed in the case of rat hepatocyte primary culture. treatment with trypsin at 80 degrees c for 30 min inactivated the cytoto ...19948078411
iron-responsive genetic regulation in campylobacter jejuni: cloning and characterization of a fur homolog.the fur protein of escherichia coli represses transcription from fur-responsive genes in an iron-dependent manner. we have demonstrated a fur-like iron-responsive genetic regulatory activity operating in campylobacter jejuni by using a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter gene separated from its promoter by a synthetic fur-responsive operator. a fur-like gene has been cloned from c. jejuni by partial functional complementation of an e. coli fur mutation. sequence analysis has shown that, ...19948083178
rheumatic manifestations of campylobacter jejuni and c. fetus infections in adults.reports of the rheumatic manifestations of campylobacter jejuni and c. fetus infections in adults are reviewed in order to determine the most common presentations and which individuals are at risk for rheumatic disease. relevant english-language articles were identified through a medline search and from bibliographies of identified articles. 105 articles were reviewed in detail. 29 cases of reactive arthritis or reiter's syndrome following campylobacter jejuni enteritis were identified. the knee ...19948091140
antimicrobial antibodies in danish slaughterhouse workers and greenhouse workers.as a consequence of contact with animals and animal products slaughterhouse workers might be at risk of infection with pathogenic microorganisms. this hypothesis has been supported by some earlier studies. in this study 217 slaughtermen and a control group of 113 greenhouse workers were investigated for the prevalence of serum antibodies to toxoplasma gondii, campylobacter jejuni (iga and igg), yersinia enterocolitica types 3 and 9, yersinia pseudotuberculosis types i, ii, iii, iv, and v, salmon ...19948034365
selection of a gyra mutant of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to fluoroquinolones during treatment with ofloxacin.a strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to ofloxacin was selected in a patient with a long history of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis eventually treated by ofloxacin combined with other second-line drugs. a mutation in the gyra gene was hypothesized to be the mechanism of acquired resistance to ofloxacin in this strain. chromosomal dna of strains mtb1, isolated before treatment and susceptible to ofloxacin (mic, 1 microgram/ml), and mtb2, isolated during treatment and resistant to oflo ...19948035042
in-vitro evaluation of cefpodoxime.in-vitro antimicrobial activity of cefpodoxime was evaluated against several microbial species by both conventional tests and additional parameters which take into consideration some of the conditions likely to be encountered in infected tissues. mics for 414 recent clinical isolates, including staphylococci, streptococci, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, several enterobacteriaceae, aeromonas hydrophila and campylobacter jejuni were determined. mic values overall were similar to th ...19948040114
inflammatory and phagocytic response to experimental campylobacter jejuni infection in mice.after intraperitoneal inoculation with campylobacter jejuni balb/c, swiss and dba mice show a peritoneal inflammatory response of different intensity. only balb/c mice have a strong peritoneal response. simultaneous intraperitoneal inoculation of c. jejuni plus fecl3 increase both inflammatory response and phagocytic activity in swiss mice, without production of diarrhea. some thermostable compounds of c. jejuni have a very strong chemotactic activity against peritoneal cells of mice, whereas a ...19948041305
spontaneous splenic rupture associated with campylobacter jejuni infection. 19948044559
phylogenetic and molecular characterization of a 23s rrna gene positions the genus campylobacter in the epsilon subdivision of the proteobacteria and shows that the presence of transcribed spacers is common in campylobacter spp.the nucleotide sequence of a 23s rrna gene of campylobacter coli vc167 was determined. the primary sequence of the c. coli 23s rrna was deduced, and a secondary-structure model was constructed. comparison with escherichia coli 23s rrna showed a major difference in the c. coli rrna at approximately position 1170 (e. coli numbering) in the form of an extra sequence block approximately 147 bp long. pcr analysis of 31 other strains of c. coli and c. jejuni showed that 69% carried a transcribed space ...19948045890
aids and the gut.there are increasing challenges for the practising gastroenterologist in treating aids-related gastrointestinal diseases. the differential diagnoses of dysphagia and odynophagia include cytomegalovirus (cmv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection, non-specific aphthous ulceration and non-aids oesophageal diseases, especially reflux oesophagitis. chronic subacute abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, early satiety and weight loss is suggestive of an obstructive lesion caused by lymphoma or kapo ...19948054532
genetic organization of the region upstream from the campylobacter jejuni flagellar gene flha.campylobacter jejuni (cj) is a gram-bacterium that causes a diarrheal disease in humans. a cj homolog of the lcrd/flha family of proteins was recently described [miller et al., infect. immun. 61 (1993) 2930-2936]. this family includes proteins that are involved in flagellar biogenesis, such as the cj flha protein, but also includes proteins found in invasive pathogens, such as the yersinia pestis lcrd protein, that play a role in the regulation and/or secretion of virulence-related proteins. hyb ...19948063102
cloning and expression of the hup encoding a histone-like protein of campylobacter jejuni.a campylobacter jejuni gene, designated hup, that appears to encode a homolog of the histone-like dna-binding protein, hu, has been cloned, sequenced and expressed in escherichia coli. immunoblotting and in vitro transcription/translation analyses revealed a 11-kda protein that was produced by recombinant plasmids containing hup. the gene contains an open reading frame (orf) sufficient to encode a protein of 98 amino acids (aa) with a calculated molecular mass of 10,267 da and a predicted isoele ...19948063109
cell association and invasion of caco-2 cells by campylobacter jejuni.adherence and invasion studies were conducted in monolayers of caco-2 cells. three-day-old monolayers were inoculated with campylobacter jejuni 81-176 at a bacterium/cell ratio of 1,000:1. saturation studies demonstrated time- and dose-dependent saturation curves for c. jejuni cell association and invasion into caco-2 cells. electron microscopy revealed intracellular c. jejuni located within membrane-bound vacuoles. cell association and invasion were inhibited by 0.3 and 0.5 m concentrations of ...19948063393
differential flagellin expression in a flaa flab+ mutant of campylobacter jejuni.campylobacter jejuni 81116 has two genes coding for flagellin, flaa and flab. fully motile wild-type c. jejuni bacteria express the flaa gene, with no flab message being detected. a nonmotile flaa flab+ mutant, r1, produced detectable levels of flagellin b which was incorporated into truncated flagella. after r1 had invaded int-407 cells, a variant with increased motility, r1-v2, was isolated. r1-v2 produced full-length flagella and an increased amount of flagellin b. transcriptional analysis sh ...19948063406
biochemical characterization of campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides.lipopolysaccharides (lps) of five strains of the human and animal pathogen campylobacter fetus were electrophoretically and chemically characterized. analysis with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that all the strains produced smooth-form lps with o side chains of relatively constant chain length. upon extraction, lps partitioned into both the water and phenol phases of phenol-water extracts, which showed that two chemical species of lps were present in each c. fe ...19948063409
the changing patterns of campylobacter jejuni/coli in lagos, nigeria after ten years.one hundred and forty-five stool samples from children with diarrhoea at various health centres in lagos were investigated for campylobacter jejuni/coli. these organisms were isolated from 24 samples (16.5%). they were later biotyped as 23 c. jejuni and one c. coli. previous studies (3,6) recorded isolation rates of 5.2% and 11% respectively. no campylobacter species was isolated from 100 control patients who did not have diarrhoea. diarrhoea due to campylobacter jejuni/coli is still common in m ...19947828496
[in vitro antibacterial activity of fleroxacin (flrx) against clinical isolates from bacterial enteritis].antibacterial activity of fleroxacin (flrx), a new quinolone antimicrobial, against 36 strains of shigella app., 14 strains of salmonella spp., 11 strains of escherichia coli, 9 strains of vibrio spp. (including 2 strains of v. cholerae o1), 14 strains of campylobacter jejuni/coli, 3 strains of aeromonas spp. and 1 strain of plesiomonas shigelloides isolated from infectious enteritis patients in this study was determined. its activity was compared with that of ciprofloxacin (cpfx), norfloxacin ( ...19947829909
enteropathogens associated with acute diarrhoeal diseases.five types of escherichia coli are responsible for as much as 25% of all diarrheal diseases in developing countries. they tend to be transmitted via contaminated foods, particularly weaning foods, and water. they include enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroadherent, enteroinvasive, and enterohemorrhagic e. coli. shigella species are responsible for 10-15% of acute diarrheas in children less than 5 years old and the most common etiologic agents of childhood dysentery. shigellosis is common i ...19947835992
agammaglobulinaemia.agammaglobulinaemia is the most common of the primary immunodeficiencies. three major types can be distinguished: x-linked agammaglobulinaemia, early-onset agammaglobulinaemia and late-onset agammaglobulinaemia. in x-linked agammaglobulinaemia, the molecular defect has been elucidated, and genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and carrier detection have become important issues. the pathogenesis of early- and late-onset agammaglobulinaemia is heterogeneous and usually not within the b-cell linea ...19947838240
antibodies against some bacterial antigens in children.the prevalence of bacterial antibodies was determined in 173 children aged 0-15 years. the prevalence of igg borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in titres > 500 in children less than 8 years of age was 6% while none of the older children had these antibodies in titres > 400. igg helicobacter pylori antibodies were detected only in children older than 6 years of age, with a prevalence of 6.5%, as were iga h. pylori antibodies, with a prevalence of 3.7%. the prevalence of high-titre igg campylobacter ...19947841725
the pathogenesis of campylobacter jejuni.studies on the pathogenesis of campylobacter jejuni show that for this organism to cause disease the susceptibility of the host and the relative virulence of the infecting strain are both important. infection with c. jejuni results from the ingestion of contaminated food or water, and the infective dose can be as low as 800 organisms. to initiate infection the organism must penetrate the gastrointestinal mucus, which it does by using its high motility and spiral shape. the bacteria must then adh ...19947841837
[an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of igg antibodies against urease of helicobacter pylori].we have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of igg antibodies against helicobacter pylori (hp) using purified hp urease as an antigen. the urease was purified from ultrasonicated extract of hp by nacl linear gradient system on deae-sepharose 4b chromatography. two molecular weight bands, 65kd and 27kd were observed on a sds-page gel in the purified urease sample. the urease antigen did not crossreact to rabbit antibodies prepared against campylobacter coli an ...19947844892
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