Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| comparative analysis of different taqman real-time rt-pcr assays for the detection of swine hepatitis e virus and integration of feline calicivirus as internal control. | the aim of this study was to compare the performance of four taqman rt-pcr assays with a commonly used nested rt-pcr and to include the feline calicivirus (fcv) as an internal control. | 2009 | 19187137 |
| detection and genetic characterisation of hepatitis e virus in czech pig production herds. | the objective of the present study was to carry out a small surveillance programme in czech pig production herds using the nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (nrt-pcr) technique to trace hepatitis e virus (hev) in different biological samples and to characterise the detected swine hev isolates by phylogenetic analysis. a total of 32 piglets from 11 herds clinically suspected of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) were examined. bile, liver tissue and serum sampl ... | 2009 | 19118850 |
| determination of the henipavirus phosphoprotein gene mrna editing frequencies and detection of the c, v and w proteins of nipah virus in virus-infected cells. | the henipaviruses, nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev), are highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxoviruses. like many other paramyxoviruses, henipaviruses employ a process of co-transcriptional mrna editing during transcription of the phosphoprotein (p) gene to generate additional mrnas encoding the v and w proteins. the c protein is translated from the p mrna, but in an alternate reading frame. sequence analysis of multiple, cloned mrnas showed that the mrna editing frequencies of the p genes ... | 2009 | 19141449 |
| construction of an infectious cdna clone of hepatitis e virus strain je03-1760f that can propagate efficiently in cultured cells. | a full-length infectious cdna clone (pje03-1760f/wt) of a genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) (strain je03-1760f) obtained from a faecal specimen was constructed in this study. upon transfection of the capped in vitro transcripts of pje03-1760f/wt into plc/prf/5 cells, the viral rna levels in the culture supernatant started to increase on day 6 post-transfection (p.t.) and reached 10(7) copies ml(-1) on day 28 p.t. detection of increasing numbers of cells with orf2 protein expression by immunoflu ... | 2009 | 19141456 |
| reduced prevalence of genotype 3 hev in shanghai pig farms and hypothetical homeostasis of porcine hev reservoir. | a total of 493 fecal samples collected from local shanghai pig farms were examined for hepatitis e virus (hev) after the introduction of stricter sanitary measures following outbreaks of a high fever-associated pig disease during 2006 and 2007. our investigation revealed that, while the overall occurrence of hev rna positives decreased by only 3.7%, the incidence of hev genotype 4 increased from 9.8% to 20.6% whereas the incidence of hev genotype 3 decreased from 16.2% to 1.6%. as well as demons ... | 2009 | 19150181 |
| outbreaks of hepatitis a among children in western india. | hepatitis a in most developing countries is a sporadic childhood disease, but lately focal outbreaks have been observed among children in india. during 2004, we investigated a large-scale outbreak of hepatitis among children living in a residential colony in daund taluka of district pune in the western region of india. in total, 123 overt and 56 sub-clinical cases were detected. all the patients were reactive for igm antibodies against hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav) and were negative for igm a ... | 2009 | 19155033 |
| hepatitis e virus as an emerging cause of chronic liver disease in organ transplant recipients. | 2009 | 19157619 | |
| randomized-controlled phase ii clinical trial of a bacterially expressed recombinant hepatitis e vaccine. | the candidate recombinant hepatitis e vaccine, hev 239, protect monkeys against infection by hepatitis e virus (hev). the safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine for humans was assessed in a randomized controlled phase ii clinical trial. the study was conducted in an endemic area of southern china and consisted of a dose scheduling, involving 457 adults and a dose escalation component involving 155 high school students. the results showed that the vaccine is safe and immunogenic for humans and ... | 2009 | 19168109 |
| molecular evidence of patient-to-patient transmission of hepatitis e virus in a hematology ward. | 2009 | 19128164 | |
| acute pancreatitis--complicating hepatitis e virus infection in a 7-year-old boy with glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. | the association of viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis is well described in the literature. most of the cases occur in conjunction with fulminant hepatitis a and hepatitis b virus infections. the recent literature reports increasing number of cases of this complication secondary to hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, mostly in young adults in regions endemic for the virus. till date, to the authors' knowledge, there are 14 well-documented cases of hev-associated acute pancreatitis in the liter ... | 2009 | 19129425 |
| direct identification of human enterovirus serotypes in cerebrospinal fluid by amplification and sequencing of the vp1 region. | human enteroviruses (hev) are a major cause of meningitis and other neurological disease. identification of hev serotypes in clinical cases is important for monitoring emergence of more pathogenic variants, epidemiological surveillance and investigating sources of infection. serotype identification is currently problematic following the widespread adoption of polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based methods for hev detection in place of virus culture. | 2009 | 19135410 |
| effect of peptide pools on effector functions of antigen-specific cd8+ t cells. | peptide pools are routinely used to study antigen specific t cell responses, both in epitope discovery as well as immune monitoring. however, optimal assay conditions such as concentration of peptides or the best possible number of peptides per pool have not been defined. thus, we examined whether different peptide concentrations or varying number of peptides per pool influence effector functions of antigen-specific human t-cells. pbmc isolated from hla-a2-positive individuals with known respons ... | 2009 | 19135447 |
| evidence of widespread infection of avian hepatitis e virus (avian hev) in chickens from spain. | in the present work, 262 serum samples and 29 faeces pools from chickens coming from 29 healthy flocks were analysed by rt-pcr for detection of avian hev and by elisa using an ahev derived antigen for detection of anti-hev igg. additionally, other 300 randomly selected serum samples were also analysed by rt-pcr. seven serum samples were positive to rna detection. sequence analysis of both the helicase and the capsid genes revealed that the spanish isolates were clustered together and close relat ... | 2009 | 19136224 |
| [hepatitis e transmission in denmark]. | a case of acute hepatitis due to hepatitis e virus genotype 3 was diagnosed by serology and genomic sequencing. phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a strain identical to one isolated from a swedish pig, which supports the hypothesis that swine serves as reservoirs for hev infection. the patient did not have any recent travel history, had experienced no contact with animals and the origin of the infection remained unknown. we emphasize that health personnel should be aware of acute hepatitis e eve ... | 2009 | 19671402 |
| zoonotic risk of hepatitis e virus (hev): a study of hev infection in animals and humans in suburbs of beijing. | aim: to investigate hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among different animals and workers in pig farms and slaughterhouses, and analyze the genotype of hev isolated in this study. methods: serum samples were collected from adult swine, cows, sheep, younger swine (< 3 months), and workers in pig farms and slaughterhouses (professional group). fecal samples were collected from younger swine in the south suburbs of beijing. anti-hev antibody was evaluated by direct sandwich enzyme immunoassay. hev ... | 2009 | 19674158 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis e: current status. | hepatitis e, caused by infection with hepatitis e virus (hev), is a common cause of acute hepatitis in areas with poor sanitation. the virus has four genotypes with one serotype: genotypes 1 and 2 exclusively infect humans, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 also infect other animals, particularly pigs. in endemic areas, both large outbreaks of acute hepatitis as well as sporadic cases occur frequently. these cases are usually due to genotype 1 or 2 hev and are predominantly caused by fecal-oral transmis ... | 2009 | 19686410 |
| wild boars as sources for infectious diseases in livestock and humans. | wild boars (sus scrofa) are indigenous in many countries in the world. these free-living swine are known reservoirs for a number of viruses, bacteria and parasites that are transmissible to domestic animals and humans. changes of human habitation to suburban areas, increased use of lands for agricultural purposes, increased hunting activities and consumption of wild boar meat have increased the chances of exposure of wild boars to domestic animals and humans. wild boars can act as reservoirs for ... | 2009 | 19687039 |
| imported and autochthonous hepatitis e virus strains in spain. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes hepatitis e, an acute liver disease displaying diverse epidemiological patterns that correlate with the genetic diversity of the virus. only a few strains have been characterized to date from cases of hepatitis e in spain. using three sets of new, hev-specific primers, viral genome fragments were amplified from serum samples from 13 patients with acute hepatitis in different regions of spain. direct sequencing of these fragments and analysis of sequences lead to id ... | 2009 | 19697406 |
| acute hepatitis e virus infection in taiwan 2002-2006 revisited: pcr shows frequent co-infection with multiple hepatitis viruses. | sporadic cases of acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection with production of anti-hev igm have been reported occasionally in taiwan despite no reported outbreaks in the past. this study was undertaken to determine whether serological markers correlated with virus detection. from 2002 to 2006, 72 reported cases of acute hepatitis e seropositive for anti-hev igm in taiwan were enrolled for investigation. acute phase serum samples were collected for detection of hev rna, hbv dna, hcv rna, and gbv-c ... | 2009 | 19697413 |
| frequent transmission of hepatitis e virus among piglets in farms in southern france. | the present study aimed to assess whether hepatitis e virus (hev) is present in domestic pigs in southern france, and to determine the relationship between hev sequences detected from pigs and from humans. two hundred fifteen sera, 207 stools, and 107 bile samples were collected from 3- or 6-month-old pigs from different regions of southern france. pig igg anti-hev antibodies testing was performed using a commercial elisa kit with minor modifications. pig hev rna was tested by real-time pcr and ... | 2009 | 19697419 |
| the prevalence of anti-hepatitis e in occupational risk groups. | the seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) igg was investigated by using elisa commercial anti hev test kit in 408 healthy adults who lived in central part of thailand, 168 of which were swine workers, 102 were poultry farmers and 138 were government officers. the overall rate of seroprevalence of igg anti-hev was 23.3 % (range 16.7-27.9%). the prevalence of anti-hev antibodies in government officers was 16.7 % and in subjects from swine workers and poultry farmers who worked in farms fo ... | 2009 | 19705545 |
| non-polio enteroviruses in acute flaccid paralysis children of india: vital assessment before polio eradication. | this study is an overview of non-polio enterovirus (npev) circulating in north india studied from the perspective of poliomyelitis eradication. wild polio cases declined because of intensive oral polio vaccine immunization. as we approach global eradication of poliovirus (pv), npev causing acute flaccid paralysis (afp) are equal cause of concern. | 2009 | 19712176 |
| virulence factor activity relationships for hepatitis e and cryptosporidium. | the hepatitis e virus and cryptosporidium are waterborne pathogens, each consisting of distinct taxa, genotypes and isolates that infect humans, nonhuman animal species or both. some are associated with disease, others are not. factors contributing to disease are extremely complicated, possibly involving differences in one or more traits associated with an organism's taxon, genotype or isolate and its infectious dose, and age or condition, as well as the host's physiology and immune status. pote ... | 2009 | 19717931 |
| persistent carriage of hepatitis e virus in patients with hiv infection. | 2009 | 19726781 | |
| role of n-acetylcysteine in adults with non-acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure in a center without the facility of liver transplantation. | purpose: we aimed to study the role of n-acetylcysteine (nac) in non-acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure (nai-alf). methods: a total of 47 adult patients were prospectively enrolled with nai-alf (group 1 or nac group) and oral nac was given. the primary outcome was reduction in mortality with the use of nac in nai-alf. the secondary outcomes were to evaluate safety of nac and to assess factors predicting mortality. we compared these results with records of nai-alf patients admitted in our ... | 2009 | 19727985 |
| human bocavirus and rhino-enteroviruses in childhood otitis media with effusion. | viral respiratory infections play an important role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion (ome) in children. the most common human rhinoviruses (hrvs) have been detected in middle ear effusions (mee), but there is only limited data available about the closely related human enteroviruses (hevs). the newly discovered human bocavirus (hbov) has not, however, been identified in mee of ome children. | 2009 | 19736042 |
| development of candidate combination vaccine for hepatitis e and hepatitis b: a liposome encapsulation approach. | to reduce extra injections, cost and ensure better coverage, use of combination vaccines is preferable. an attempt was made to evaluate the encapsulation of hepatitis e virus neutralizing epitope (ne) region and hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) in liposomes as dnas, proteins and dna+protein. mice groups were immunized with different liposome-encapsulated formulations and monitored for anti-hev and anti-hbs titres, igg subtypes, antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine leve ... | 2009 | 19747579 |
| [how to investigate and diagnose autochthonous hepatitis e?]. | in developed countries, hev infection was still recently considered as rare, and as an imported disease from endemic areas by travellers. hepatitis e virus is now recognized mainly as an autochthonous disease in these countries. although the source and the route of contamination remain uncertain, several cases of food-borne (zoonotic transmission) and blood-borne transmission have been recently reported. the mortality rates in industrialized countries seems to be higher than in endemic areas, si ... | 2009 | 19762188 |
| immunogenicity and efficacy of a bacterially expressed hev orf3 peptide, assessed by experimental infection of primates. | a 12.4-kda peptide, corresponding to the entire orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus (hev), derived from human hev genotype 4 and expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with a 17.5-kda fragment of interleukin (il)-1beta at the n-terminus, was recognized by hev-reactive sera. eight monkeys were immunized with the purified peptide, and seven were used as non-immunized controls. all 15 monkeys were challenged with hev genotype 1 or 4. all control animals developed infection and hepatitis, a ... | 2009 | 19763777 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 3 and sporadically also genotype 1 circulate in the population of catalonia, spain. | autochthonous hepatitis e virus (hev) strains have been described infecting populations of industrialized countries, previously considered as non-endemic areas. the hev strains circulating in one of those areas in south-western europe (barcelona, spain) have been studied by analysing amplicons obtained from hev genomes identified in wastewater, biosolids and sludge. six sewage and two biosolid hev positive samples from urban wastewater treatment plants and two positive hev sludge samples with an ... | 2009 | 19590134 |
| analysis of the helicase gene of korean swine hepatitis e virus isolates and trends in viral infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been considered to be a zoonotic agent and an important public concern worldwide. in this study, a nested rt-pcr was developed to detect the helicase gene of swine hev (shev) from sera of pigs. using this rt-pcr, 16 out of 821 korean isolates of shev were identified, with 1.9% prevalence. an age-specific prevalence was demonstrated with the highest prevalence in growing pigs (5.4%). phylogenetic analysis of shev korean isolates identified genotype 3, with 89.4-99.9% n ... | 2009 | 19590811 |
| high hev presence in four different wild boar populations in east and west germany. | swine hepatitis e virus (hev) can be transmitted from pigs to humans causing hepatitis. a high prevalence of hev in wild boar populations is reported for several european countries, but actual data for germany are missing. during the hunting season from october to december 2007 liver, bile and blood samples were collected from wild boars in four different german regions. the samples were tested for hev rna by quantitative pcr (qpcr) and anti-hev igg antibodies by two different elisas and a line ... | 2009 | 19595519 |
| hepatitis e virus infection is highly prevalent among pregnant women in accra, ghana. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is highly endemic in several african countries with high mortality rate among pregnant women. the prevalence of antibodies to hev in ghana is not known. therefore we evaluated the prevalence of anti-hev igg and anti-hev igm among pregnant women seen between the months of january and may, 2008 at the obstetrics and gynaecology department, korle-bu teaching hospital, accra, ghana. | 2009 | 19619291 |
| childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia following hepatitis e virus infection. | 2009 | 19208072 | |
| hepatitis e virus is a leading cause of acute-on-chronic liver disease: experience from a tertiary centre in bangladesh. | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) is common in bangladesh. acute viral e hepatitis is sporadically encountered in this country each year, with a rising incidence in the rainy season. this study aimed to identify the etiology of aclf in bangladesh. | 2009 | 19208515 |
| serological immunoassay for detection of hepatitis e virus on the basis of genotype 3 open reading frame 2 recombinant proteins produced in trichoplusia ni larvae. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in humans, and strains of genotypes 1 and 2 are endemic in many regions with suboptimal sanitary conditions. in many industrialized countries, hev strains of genotype 3 are highly endemic in swine, and an increased number of autochthonous infections with hev genotype 3 strains have been reported lately. serological studies of hev infection are often conducted with commercial assays based on peptides and recombinant proteins of hev genot ... | 2009 | 19656986 |
| lack of evidence of avian adenovirus infection among turkey workers. | zoonotic infections constitute a major public health concern. outbreaks of the sars (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and avian influenza viruses are but recent examples. although there are many animal-specific adenoviruses and occasionally they have been noted to infect man, rarely have they been studied as potential zoonotic pathogens. in this study, the authors hypothesized that the hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev), an avian adenovirus that causes illness among turkeys, might infect humans ... | 2009 | 19657879 |
| dimerization of hepatitis e virus capsid protein e2s domain is essential for virus-host interaction. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a non-enveloped, positive-stranded rna virus, is transmitted in a faecal-oral manner, and causes acute liver diseases in humans. the hev capsid is made up of capsomeres consisting of homodimers of a single structural capsid protein forming the virus shell. these dimers are believed to protrude from the viral surface and to interact with host cells to initiate infection. to date, no structural information is available for any of the hev proteins. here, we report for the f ... | 2009 | 19662165 |
| biological and immunological characteristics of hepatitis e virus-like particles based on the crystal structure. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a causative agent of acute hepatitis. the crystal structure of hev-like particles (hev-lp) consisting of capsid protein was determined at 3.5-a resolution. the capsid protein exhibited a quite different folding at the protruding and middle domains from the members of the families of caliciviridae and tombusviridae, while the shell domain shared the common folding. tyr-288 at the 5-fold axis plays key roles in the assembly of hev-lp, and aromatic amino acid residues are ... | 2009 | 19620712 |
| [hepatitis e virus epidemiology in adult population in edirne province, turkey]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) clinical presentations range from asymptomatic infection to fulminant hepatitis which is frequently seen in pregnant women. epidemics due to hev mostly originate from contaminated water and the virus is transmitted by fecal oral way. its frequency is closely related to the socioeconomical status of the community. the aim of this first community-based study performed in edirne province (located at trace region of turkey) was to determine the seroprevalence of hev and the r ... | 2009 | 19621610 |
| [hepatitis e virus seropositivity in hemodialysis patients in hatay province, turkey]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) which is mainly transmitted through faecal-oral route, can also be transmitted via parenteral and vertical route. recent studies suggest zoonotic nature of the virus. the last studies done in turkey indicate increasing frequency of hev infection. this study was conducted to determine the rate of anti-hev seropositivity among patients with terminal stage renal failure undergoing hemodialysis. a total of 92 patients (54 male, 38 female; age range: 22-71 years, mean age: 55 ... | 2009 | 19621616 |
| structure of the hepatitis e virus-like particle suggests mechanisms for virus assembly and receptor binding. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a small, non-enveloped rna virus in the family hepeviridae, is associated with endemic and epidemic acute viral hepatitis in developing countries. our 3.5-a structure of a hev-like particle (vlp) shows that each capsid protein contains 3 linear domains that form distinct structural elements: s, the continuous capsid; p1, 3-fold protrusions; and p2, 2-fold spikes. the s domain adopts a jelly-roll fold commonly observed in small rna viruses. the p1 and p2 domains both adop ... | 2009 | 19622744 |
| experimental infection of mongolian gerbils by a genotype 4 strain of swine hepatitis e virus. | an ideal animal model for hepatitis e virus (hev) research is still unavailable. to assess the possibility of using mongolian gerbils as animal model, 28 gerbils were randomly assigned into two groups, 14 for each group. gerbils in group 1 were inoculated with a genotype 4 hev recovered from swine via the intraperitoneal route. group 2 was used as a negative control and inoculated with normal suspension of swine liver. sera and feces samples were collected once a week for 7 weeks. two gerbils fr ... | 2009 | 19623666 |
| hepatitis a and e virus infections among children in mongolia. | to compare the epidemiologic profiles of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in children in mongolia, the prevalence of hav and hev infections was studied serologically and molecularly among 520 apparently healthy children 7-12 years of age (mean +/- standard deviation, 8.5 +/- 0.8 years) using serum samples obtained in 2004. total antibody against hav (anti-hav) was detected in 438 children (84.2%), whereas igg antibody against hev (anti-hev igg) was detected in only ... | 2009 | 19635878 |
| nucleotide substitutions of hepatitis e virus genomes associated with fulminant hepatitis and disease severity. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the causative agents of acute or fulminant hepatitis. viral factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of fulminant hepatitis e. we aimed to investigate the nucleotide substitutions of the hev genome affecting the severity of hepatitis e. the comparison of 28 reported full-length nucleotide sequences of genotype 4 hev showed that the substitution of c at nucleotide 5907 (c5907) was most closely associated with fulminant hepatitis (fulminant hepatitis, 100%; acu ... | 2009 | 19638731 |
| a catalytically and genetically optimized beta-lactamase-matrix based assay for sensitive, specific, and higher throughput analysis of native henipavirus entry characteristics. | nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) are the only paramyxoviruses requiring biosafety level 4 (bsl-4) containment. thus, study of henipavirus entry at less than bsl-4 conditions necessitates the use of cell-cell fusion or pseudotyped reporter virus assays. yet, these surrogate assays may not fully emulate the biological properties unique to the virus being studied. thus, we developed a henipaviral entry assay based on a beta-lactamase-nipah matrix (betala-m) fusion protein. we first codon-op ... | 2009 | 19646266 |
| genotypic characterization of symptomatic hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in egypt. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis (avh) in many developing countries. in egypt, hev seroprevalence is among the highest in the world; however, only a very limited number of egyptian hev sequences are currently available. | 2009 | 19651539 |
| determination of the 5'-terminal sequence of subgenomic rna of hepatitis e virus strains in cultured cells. | using rna preparations extracted from plc/prf/5 cells transfected with infectious genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) cdna clones or inoculated with a fecal suspension containing a genotype 4 hev, the 5'-terminal sequence of a 2.2-kb subgenomic rna of genotype 3 and 4 hevs was determined. despite an insertion of t after nucleotide 5116 or an orf3-null mutation in genotype 4 hev and/or one of the genotype 3 variants, it was found that the subgenomic rna of genotype 3 and 4 hevs initiates exclusive ... | 2009 | 19885718 |
| screening of specific diagnostic peptides of swine hepatitis e virus. | swine hepatitis e virus (swhev) is a zoonotic disease that is considered a major problem in pig production and presents a threat to human health. elucidation of the major antigenic epitopes of swhev is essential for the effective control of swhev epidemics. | 2009 | 19887014 |
| acute hepatitis e infection associated with a false-positive serology against epstein-barr virus. | hepatitis e virus is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis. the diagnosis of acute viral hepatitis e is based essentially on antibodies and hepatitis e virus rna. we describe herein a case of acute hepatitis e associated with a false-positive serology for epstein-barr virus (ebv). this case report suggests that anti-viral capsid antigen igm must be interpreted with caution in acute e hepatitis. when positive, ebv rna polymerase chain reaction can be useful as a false positivity of anti-viral ca ... | 2009 | 19779353 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in liver transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is known to run a self-limited course. recently, chronic hepatitis e has been described in several immunosuppressed patients after solid organ transplantation. the prevalence of hev infection after transplantation, however, is unknown. we studied hev parameters [hev rna, hev immunoglobulin m (igm), and hev immunoglobulin g (igg) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmatory immunoblotting] in a cohort of 285 adult liver transplant recipients. the most re ... | 2009 | 19790147 |
| natural course of fulminant hepatic failure: the scenario in bangladesh and the differences from the west. | fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) is a devastating complication of acute viral hepatitis, leading to death in most cases. the etiology and predictors of outcome differ according to the geographical region. this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the etiology, complications, and outcome of fhf in bangladesh. | 2009 | 19794267 |
| investigation of a hepatitis a outbreak from shimla himachal pradesh. | hepatitis a is an enterically transmitted viral disease, highly prevalent in india and mainly presents as a paediatric sporadic disease. this study investigated an outbreak of viral hepatitis at shimla, himachal pradesh, india, during january-march 2007. | 2009 | 19797816 |
| [antibody detection of hepatitis e virus in some human population, swine and chicken in beijing in china]. | to investigate the seroprevalence of hev infection in human population, swine and chicken in beijing region. | 2009 | 19799006 |
| heparan sulfate proteoglycans are required for cellular binding of the hepatitis e virus orf2 capsid protein and for viral infection. | the hepatitis e virus (hev), a nonenveloped rna virus, is the causative agent of hepatitis e. the mode by which hev attaches to and enters into target cells for productive infection remains unidentified. open reading frame 2 (orf2) of hev encodes its major capsid protein, porf2, which is likely to have the determinants for virus attachment and entry. using an approximately 56-kda recombinant porf2 that can self-assemble as virus-like particles, we demonstrated that cell surface heparan sulfate p ... | 2009 | 19812150 |
| nipah virus entry can occur by macropinocytosis. | nipah virus (niv) is a zoonotic biosafety level 4 paramyxovirus that emerged recently in asia with high mortality in man. niv is a member, with hendra virus (hev), of the henipavirus genus in the paramyxoviridae family. although niv entry, like that of other paramyxoviruses, is believed to occur via ph-independent fusion with the host cell's plasma membrane we present evidence that entry can occur by an endocytic pathway. the niv receptor ephrinb2 has receptor kinase activity and we find that ep ... | 2009 | 19854459 |
| plasma and urine biomarkers in acute viral hepatitis e. | hepatitis e, caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev), is endemic to developing countries where it manifests as waterborne outbreaks and sporadic cases. though generally self-limited with a low mortality rate, some cases progress to fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) with high mortality. with no identified predictive or diagnostic markers, the events leading to disease exacerbation are not known. our aim is to use proteomic tools to identify biomarkers of acute and fulminant hepatitis e. | 2009 | 19860894 |
| population seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus antibodies in rural bangladesh. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes a substantial burden of sporadic and epidemic disease worldwide. hev infections result in serious morbidity and mortality, especially among pregnant women, and have significant economic costs. few population-based studies have characterized the epidemiology of hev. a rural bangladeshi population was studied to determine the age- and gender- specific population seroprevalence of antibodies to hev. of 1,134 specimens tested from a representative, random population sa ... | 2009 | 19861625 |
| hepatitis e outbreak on cruise ship. | in 2008, acute hepatitis e infection was confirmed in 4 passengers returning to the united kingdom after a world cruise. epidemiologic investigation showed that of 789 persons who provided blood samples, 195 (25%) were seropositive, 33 (4%) had immunoglobulin [ig] m levels consistent with recent acute infection (11 of these persons were symptomatic), and 162 (21%) had igg only, consistent with past infection. passenger mean age was 68 years. most (426/789, 54%) passengers were female, yet most w ... | 2009 | 19891860 |
| [seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis e among pregnant women in central tunisia.] | objectives: the study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in tunisian pregnant women. methods: a total of 404 pregnant women were enrolled. data were collected through a standard questionnaire which covered sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors. blood samples were collected and were tested for hev igm and igg antibodies, igg against hepatitis a (anti-hav igg), hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis c viru ... | 2009 | 19896306 |
| an outbreak of hepatitis e tracked to a spring in the foothills of the himalayas, india, 2005. | in july 2005, cases of hepatitis were reported from three villages in nainital district, uttarakhand, india. we investigated this cluster to identify the source and propose recommendations. a door-to-door search for cases of acute hepatitis was carried out in the three villages. we described the outbreak by time, place and person and conducted a cohort study to identify the source of infection. in addition, sera from cases were tested. we identified 205 cases among 1238 persons (attack rate: 16% ... | 2009 | 19907960 |
| surveillance of enterovirus infections in yokohama city from 2004 to 2008. | a survey of human enterovirus (hev) infections from 2004 to 2008 was conducted in yokohama city, japan. a total of 260 clinical samples in 247 patients were shown to be positive for enterovirus. among them, 25 serotypes were identified, including 3 serotypes of poliovirus (19 samples). the prevalence rates of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (hfmd), herpangina, and respiratory illness associated with nonpolio hev infections were also analyzed. seven serotypes were highly associated with hfmd or herpa ... | 2009 | 19934543 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in central china reveals no evidence of cross-species transmission between human and swine in this area. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were reported as reservoirs. swine stands out as the major reservoir for hev infection in humans, as suggested by the close genetic relationship of swine and human virus. since 2000, genotype 4 hev has become the dominant cause of hepatitis e disease in china. recent reports showed that genotype 4 hev is freely transmitted between humans and swine in eastern and southern china. however, the infection status of hev ... | 2009 | 19997619 |
| co-infections due to leptospira, dengue and hepatitis e: a diagnostic challenge. | a case of mixed infection due to leptospira, dengue and hepatitis e is reported. similar clinical presentation and simultaneous transmission of these diseases during rainy season can cause substantial misdiagnosis. serological tests play a mainstay in diagnosis. early detection by appropriate serological tests and institution of therapy is crucial and life saving. | 2009 | 20130379 |
| [investigation epidemiology and sub-clinical infection of hepatitis e in voluntary blood donors in south zhejiang]. | to investigate the southern region of zhejiang hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. | 2009 | 20104773 |
| [analysis of liver function index and clinical characters in 122 patients with acute hepatitis e virus coinfection with other hepatitis virus]. | to compare the liver function index and clinical characters in 122 patients with acute hepatitis e virus overlapping with other infection. | 2009 | 20104784 |
| general epidemiological parameters of viral hepatitis a, b, c, and e in six regions of china: a cross-sectional study in 2007. | viral hepatitis is a serious health burden worldwide. to date, few reports have addressed the prevalence of hepatitis a, b, c, and e in china. therefore, the general epidemiological parameters of viral hepatitis remain unknown. | 2009 | 20041146 |
| [seasonal pattern and phylogenetic analysis with human isolates of genotype-iv hepatitis e virus in swine herds, eastern china]. | to determine the seasonal prevalence of genotype-iv hepatitis e virus (hev) in swine herds in eastern china and explore the phylogenetic relationship between swine hev and human hev in the situation that zoonotic features of hev had been confirmed. | 2009 | 19950718 |
| [study progress on hepatitis e]. | 10%-20% of acute clinical sporatic hepatitis is hepatitis e (he). he has a severe diaease low mortality in general population of about 0.5-1.5%. it has been reported as severe disease and the mortality increased to 20% in pregnant women and old people. china is high-epidemic for hepatitis e virus (hev). hev is mainly transmitted through faecal-oral route, data also showed that hev could be transferred through blood donation. the epidemiology, diagnostics and vaccine development of he is reviewed ... | 2009 | 20077743 |
| [genotype distribution of enterovirus a species isolated in shandong province, china]. | in order to study the genotypes and molecular evolution of human enterovirus (hev) a species in shandong province, stool samples were collected from afp and hfmd patients in shandong province and virus isolation was performed. reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (rt-pcr) specific for ev71 and cva16 were performed with the virus isolates from hfmd patients. positive isolates were selected for entire vp1 coding gene amplification and sequencing. isolates with negative pcr results and ... | 2009 | 20077929 |
| seroprevalence of subclinical hev infection in pregnant women from north india: a hospital based study. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major public health problem in the developing countries. hev infection in pregnant women is more common and fatal in the third trimester. the mortality rate due to hev-induced hepatitis is as high as 15-20 per cent. the present study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of subclinical hev infection in pregnant primigravidae women. | 2009 | 20090131 |
| [phylogenetic analysis of sporadic hepatitis e virus in eastern china.]. | to understand phylogenetic characteristics of sporadic hepatitis e virus (hev) in eastern china. | 2009 | 20193312 |
| [progress of research on transmission and pathogenesis of hepatitis e virus.]. | 2009 | 20193321 | |
| evidence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in human and pigs in sardinia, italy. | the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-hev antibodies in humans sera and to study hev prevalence in swine from different sardinian farms, testing viral hev-rna in bile samples. | 2009 | 20812518 |
| hepatitis e virus. | 2009 | 20575308 | |
| hepatitis e virus infection among pig handlers in accra, ghana. | to determine the correlates of hepatitis e virus infection (hev) in a sample of persons who work with pigs. | 2009 | 20575309 |
| hepatitis e virus. | 2009 | 21048820 | |
| the expression, purification, and immunogenicity of a new chimeric virus-like particle. | virus-like particles (vlps) are highly immunogenic. in this study, gene fragments encoding hepatitis a virus (hav) vp1 (aa 24-171), a hepatitis e virus (hev) orf2 gene fragment encoding aa 431-615, and gene fragments encoding a nine-peptide linker were spliced together. the spliced gene fragments were then inserted into the expression vector pbv220, resulting in the recombinant plasmid pbv-ea342, which expressed a 342-amino acid fusion protein. the fusion protein was expressed in escherichia col ... | 2009 | 19210228 |
| metagenomic analyses of viruses in stool samples from children with acute flaccid paralysis. | we analyzed viral nucleic acids in stool samples collected from 35 south asian children with nonpolio acute flaccid paralysis (afp). sequence-independent reverse transcription and pcr amplification of capsid-protected, nuclease-resistant viral nucleic acids were followed by dna sequencing and sequence similarity searches. limited sanger sequencing (35 to 240 subclones per sample) identified an average of 1.4 distinct eukaryotic viruses per sample, while pyrosequencing yielded 2.6 viruses per sam ... | 2009 | 19211756 |
| relationships among viral diagnostic markers and markers of liver function in acute hepatitis e. | diagnosis of acute hepatitis e has been based in many clinics predominantly on detection of anti-hev (hepatitis e virus) antibody. now, new assays have been developed to detect other hev markers. our aim was to investigate the relationships among hev diagnostic markers and liver function markers in acute hepatitis e. | 2009 | 19214676 |
| serological evidence of infection with hepatitis e virus among wild yezo-deer, cervus nippon yesoensis, in hokkaido, japan. | in this study, 520 serum samples from yezo-deer in the hidaka district, hokkaido, japan were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to investigate whether the animals were infected with hepatitis e virus (hev). the distribution of optical density values showed a bimodal pattern and 181 samples (34.8%) were deemed to be antibody-positive against hev. at least five (2.8%) of the positive sera gave specific bands by western blot analysis. an age-dependent increase in prevalence of the antibo ... | 2009 | 19215576 |
| potent human monoclonal antibodies against sars cov, nipah and hendra viruses. | background: recently, several potently neutralizing fully human monoclonal antibodies (hmabs) targeting the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars cov) s glycoprotein, and the g glycoprotein of the paramyxoviruses hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) have been discovered [corrected]. objective: to examine, compare and contrast the functional characteristics of hmabs with the potential for prophylaxis and treatment of diseases caused by sars cov, hev and niv. methods: ... | 2009 | 19216624 |
| indigenous hepatitis e virus infection in england: more common than it seems. | indigenous hepatitis e virus (hev) is increasingly diagnosed in england due to a better awareness and understanding of the virus. however, the true burden of infection and therefore its implication to public health remains undefined. | 2009 | 19217345 |
| characterization and zoonotic potential of endemic hepatitis e virus (hev) strains in humans and animals in hungary. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a common cause of acute, fecally transmitted hepatitis in developing countries. identification of hev in indigenous human infection and in domestic pig raising the possibility that hev infection is also a zoonosis. objectives/study design: molecular detection and epidemiology of hev in humans (south-east hungary) with acute hepatitis and in domestic (pig, cattle) and wild (boar and roe-deer) animals (countrywide) by elisa and rt-pcr. | 2009 | 19217346 |
| isolation and characterization of a genotype 4 hepatitis e virus strain from an infant in china. | in the present study, a genotype 4 hev strain was identified in the fecal specimen from a seven months old infant with no symptom of hepatitis in shanghai children's hospital. the full capsid protein gene (orf2) sequence of this strain was determined by rt-pcr method. sequence analysis based on the full orf2 sequence indicated that this hev strain shared the highest sequence identity (97.6%) with another human hev strain isolated from a japanese patient who was infected by genotype 4 hev during ... | 2009 | 19220877 |
| clinical course and duration of viremia in vertically transmitted hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in babies born to hev-infected mothers. | infection with the hepatitis e virus (hev) causes a self-limiting acute hepatitis. however, prolonged viremia and chronic hepatitis has been reported in organ transplant recipients. vertically transmitted hev infection is known to cause acute hepatitis in newborn babies. the clinical course and duration of viremia in vertically transmitted hev infection in neonates in not known. we studied 19 babies born to hev infected mothers. babies were studied at birth and on a monthly basis to evaluate cli ... | 2009 | 19228284 |
| [molecular epidemiology of hepatitis e virus in hungary: endemic, food-borne zoonosis]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of a common cause of acute, fecally transmitted hepatitis in developing countries. identification of hev in indigenous human infection and in domestic pig raises the possibility that hev infection is also a zoonosis. | 2009 | 19228570 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis e virus among pet dogs in the jiang-zhe area of china. | in order to investigate the prevalence of hev infection and immunity in pet dogs in the jiang-zhe area of china, we examined 192 dog serum samples collected from 11 animal hospitals in this area for anti-hev igg and hev rna, using elisa and rt-pcr assays, respectively. two dogs were injected intravenously with swine hev to obtain anti-hev antibody positive serum for elisa assay. after the elisa assay, 26 samples showing od values higher than 0.20 were selected and examined by dot-blot assay, and ... | 2009 | 19229761 |
| full-length sequence of genotype 3 hepatitis e virus derived from a pig in thailand. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in pigs was investigated in two principal swine farming areas in thailand. anti-hev antibodies and hev rna in sera were examined in 258 pigs reared on five commercial farms from age 1 to 6.5 months and sows. overall, 167 of 258 (64.7%) pigs were positive for anti-hev igg, while 20 of 258 (7.75%) had detectable hev rna. sequence analysis of 20 hev isolates obtained from viremic pigs revealed that they were 92.3-100% identical to each other and had 82.2-88.2% nucl ... | 2009 | 19235846 |
| sources of hepatitis e virus genotype 3 in the netherlands. | non-travel-related hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 infections in persons in the netherlands may have a zoonotic, foodborne, or water-borne origin. possible reservoirs for hev transmission by water, food, and animals were studied. hev genotype 3/open reading frame 2 sequences were detected in 53% of pig farms, 4% of wild boar feces, and 17% of surface water samples. hev sequences grouped within 4 genotype 3 clusters, of which 1 is so far unique to the netherlands. the 2 largest clusters contai ... | 2009 | 19239749 |
| hepatitis e virus antibodies in patients with chronic liver disease. | in the united states, the seroprevalence rate for hepatitis e virus (hev) is approximately 20%. this study examined hev seroprevalence in persons with and without chronic liver disease. our data indicate that hev seropositivity is high in patients with chronic liver disease and that hev seroprevalence increases significantly with age. | 2009 | 19239770 |
| detection and molecular characterization of swine hepatitis e virus in north carolina swine herds and their faecal wastes. | recent findings of almost genetically indistinguishable swine and human strains, have suggested swine play a role in the transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev). the extent to which hev may be present and persist in the faecal waste generated from intensive swine operations is largely unknown. the fate of swine waste liquid is often land application, possibly resulting in unintentional seepage into groundwater or run-off into surface waters, hence validating concerns of human exposure risks. fre ... | 2009 | 19240360 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy in rhesus monkeys of a recombinant orf2 protein from hepatitis e virus genotype 4. | several antigens derived from hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 1 strains have shown immunogenicity and efficacy against hepatitis e in primates and humans. however, the protective effect of a vaccine derived from hev genotype 4 has not been studied. this study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the t1-orf2 (56 kda) capsid protein derived from hev strain t1 (genotype 4) in rhesus monkeys. two doses (40 microg) of alum-absorbed t1-orf2 capsid protein were administered ... | 2009 | 19240977 |
| pseudotumor cerebri in childhood hepatitis e virus infection. | 2009 | 19245388 | |
| hev infection as an aetiologic factor for acute hepatitis: experience from a tertiary hospital in bangladesh. | acute hepatitis is seen sporadically round the year in bangladesh. the incidence of acute viral hepatitis e increases after floods as this allows sewerage contamination of piped and groundwater. the aim of this retrospective study was to assess the burden of hepatitis e virus (hev infection) in bangladesh. patients attending the hepatology unit iii of the bangabandhu sheikh mujib medical university, during june 2004-december 2006, were included in the study. all viral markers were tested by enzy ... | 2009 | 19248644 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis e in northeastern china, south korea and japan. | the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in northeastern asia is unknown. this study was conducted to gain insight into the epidemiology of hev that has been obscure in northeastern china, south korea and japan. | 2009 | 19249101 |
| hepatitis e: a common cause of acute viral hepatitis. | to investigate the etiology of acute hepatitis in adult patients admitted in a hospital. | 2009 | 19260572 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in a 7-year-old boy with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. | 2009 | 19262255 | |
| sequence analysis and comparison of avian hepatitis e viruses from australia and europe indicate the existence of different genotypes. | avian hepevirus infections were detected in chickens suffering from big liver and spleen disease or hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in australia, the usa and europe. available data indicate their genetic relationship to mammalian hepatitis e virus (hev). in the present study, the near-complete genomic sequences of an australian and a european isolate of avian hepatitis e virus (avian hev) are reported for the first time. furthermore, the phylogenetic relationship to other avian hevs is determine ... | 2009 | 19264623 |
| orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus interacts with the bbeta chain of fibrinogen resulting in decreased fibrinogen secretion from huh-7 cells. | the orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus (hev), the precise cellular functions of which remain obscure, was used in a yeast two-hybrid screen to identify its cellular binding partners. one of the identified interacting partners was fibrinogen bbeta protein. the orf3-fibrinogen bbeta interaction was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer in mammalian cells. fibrinogen is a hepatic acute-phase protein and serves as a central molecule that maintains host homeosta ... | 2009 | 19264644 |