Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| rabies encephalitis: immunohistochemical investigations. | three cases of human rabies encephalitis were studied immunohistochemically using a specific antiserum to rabies ribonucleoprotein (rnp) and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. in this way, rnp could be specifically demonstrated in all cerebral regions and the spinal cord with a predilection for virus attack on the diencephalon and the brain stem according to the clinical course of the disease, and possibly reflecting the phenomenon of pathoclisis. virus antigen was mainly present in the nerve ... | 1985 | 3902307 |
| direct immunoperoxidase test in the diagnosis of rabies--an alternative to fluorescent antibody test. | direct immunoperoxidase test was run parallel to fluorescent antibody test using known rabies-positive and negative materials. both the tests had 100.0% sensitivity and specificity when mice brain infected with cvs strain of rabies virus was used. with the field samples and the mice brains infected with these, the sensitivity of direct immunoperoxidase test and also of fluorescent antibody test dropped a little, giving an overall sensitivity of 95.3 and 99.0 percent respectively. the standardiza ... | 1985 | 3902698 |
| use of a monoclonal antibody for quantitation of rabies vaccine glycoprotein by enzyme immunoassay. | the use of a monoclonal antibody specific for the envelope glycoprotein of rabies virus has been used in a direct enzyme immunoassay to quantify the glycoprotein content of rabies vaccines produced in two kinds of cell culture. the results of this direct enzyme immunoassay are well correlated with the in vivo nih potency test. this test may be a useful tool to rapidly and accurately control the antigenic value of a vaccine. it could also be used for the "in process' control of vaccine production ... | 1985 | 3902842 |
| virulence of chick embryo fibroblast-passaged flury hep rabies virus and its revertants in mice. | chick embryo fibroblast-passaged flury high egg passage (hep) rabies virus failed to kill nude mice or cyclophosphamide-treated mice when inoculated intracerebrally. the virus regained neurovirulence for adult mice after three passages in mouse neuroblastoma c1300 cells (na cells). however, even after 20 passages in na cells, the virulence could not be increased to the level shown by the virus passaged several times in suckling mice. some physiological and biological properties of the virus show ... | 1985 | 3906372 |
| rabies virus in different segments of brain and spinal cord of naturally and experimentally infected dogs. | in order to determine the presence of rabies virus in different segments of central nervous system (cns) of rabid animals, 31 naturally infected dogs and 6 experimentally injected ones by masseter inoculation were studied by means of fluorescent antibody (fa) technique and mouse intracerebral inoculation (mi) test. in the naturally infected group, the positivity by fa technique was 100.0% for the segments of ammon's horn, cerebellum, bulb and for cervical, lumbar and sacral cord and 96.7%; for t ... | 1985 | 3908355 |
| modulation of immunity to rabies virus induced by anti-idiotypic antibodies. | 1985 | 3910362 | |
| rabies postexposure prophylaxis with human diploid cell rabies vaccine: lower neutralizing antibody titers with wyeth vaccine. | 1985 | 3918250 | |
| a centennial celebration: pasteur and the modern era of immunization. | pasteur's injection of inactivated rabies virus into a 9-year-old child who had been bitten by a rabid dog in 1885 marked the beginning of the modern era of immunization. by 1890, rabies treatment centers had been established throughout the world. the basic pasteur treatment, based on brain tissue vaccine with the addition of formaldehyde, is still used in many countries. in the us and other developed countries, more potent, safer, but expensive cell culture-based rabies vaccines are combined ... | 1985 | 3923322 |
| rabies in the united states and canada, 1983. | primarily as a result of organized canine rabies vaccination, leash laws, and other preventive procedures aimed at the canine population, the number of rabid dogs decreased markedly in the last thirty years (figure 10). this decrease was accompanied by a similar marked reduction in human rabies (table 2, figure 11). as domestic animal rabies declined, rabies in wildlife increased. since 1958 the number of cases of rabid wildlife surpassed domestic rabies cases, and today they account for over 85 ... | 1985 | 3932839 |
| antigenic variants of cvs rabies virus with altered glycosylation sites. | the virion-associated glycoprotein of the cvs-11 strain of rabies virus exists in two forms, gi and gii, which differ in their carbohydrate content. the structural relationship between gi and gii is investigated in order to account for the difference in glycosylation. partial sequence analysis and mapping of tryptic glycopeptides isolated from the parent cvs-11 gi and gii glycoprotein forms revealed that two of the three predicted glycosylation sites (at asn-204 and asn-319) were utilized in the ... | 1985 | 3966297 |
| leads from the mmwr. rabies postexposure prophylaxis with human diploid cell rabies vaccine: lower neutralizing antibody titers with wyeth vaccine. | 1985 | 3974025 | |
| [vaccination against rabies: optimal combination of doses for vaccine injections]. | 1985 | 3988776 | |
| rabies virus interaction with various cell lines is independent of the acetylcholine receptor. | rabies virus infects most cells in vitro. the presence of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on the plasma membrane of various cell lines is not an obligate factor for rabies virus susceptibility of those cells. | 1985 | 3994518 |
| persistent infection of rabies virus (hep-flury strain) in human neuroblastoma cells capable of producing interferon. | apparent interferon-mediated persistent infection of rabies virus (hep-flury strain) was established in a human neuroblastoma sym-i (clone k-104) cell line, which had the ability to produce interferon. this infection produced variable but small amounts of progeny virus and interferon (up to 100 iu/ml), and resisted superinfection with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and sindbis virus as well as homologous rabies virus. the treatment of this infection with anti-interferon antibody stimulated vir ... | 1985 | 3998711 |
| a descriptive epidemiological study of raccoon rabies in a rural environment. | a recent outbreak of rabies in raccoons, procyon lotor (l.), in loudoun county, virginia (1981-82), prompted a study of the epidemiology of the disease. parameters studied included the occurrence and movement of the disease over time, sex and age relationships, and behavior patterns of raccoons. during the 18 mo, 427 raccoons were tested, of which 75% were infected with rabies virus. interpretation of rainfall data and the subsequent spatial occurrence of infected raccoons within the county indi ... | 1985 | 3999245 |
| changes recommended in use of human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | 1985 | 3999343 | |
| pre-exposure rabies immunization with human diploid cell vaccine: decreased antibody responses in persons immunized in developing countries. | in november 1982, a u.s. peace corps volunteer in kenya completed pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis with a standard 3 dose intradermal (id) series of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv). in may 1983, she was bitten by a dog and died of rabies 3 months later. an initial investigation revealed that the patient, as well as 9 of 11 others immunized at the same time, had no rabies antibody titers (less than 1:5). we therefore instituted investigations into the immunogenicity of pre-exposure hdcv b ... | 1985 | 4003672 |
| rhesus diploid rabies vaccine (adsorbed): a new rabies vaccine using frhl-2 cells. | the frhl-2 cell line, a diploid line derived from the lung of a fetal rhesus monkey, was used to prepare a potent rabies vaccine by adapting the kissling strain of rabies virus to frhl-2 cells, growing the virus in quantity, inactivating the virus with beta-propiolactone, and concentrating the virus by adsorption to aluminum phosphate. high levels of antibody to rabies virus, induced by the vaccine in both guinea pigs and humans at 14 days after immunization, were determined to be igg. data from ... | 1985 | 4008986 |
| pathogenesis of street rabies virus infections in resistant and susceptible strains of mice. | seven strains of mice were examined to determine why susceptibility differences and variations in clinical central nervous system (cns) disease occurred among these animals after intraperitoneal inoculation of street rabies virus (srv). trace experiments for infectious virus indicated that these differences were associated with restriction of virus replication within the cns. limitation of viral replication appeared to correlate with the antibody response in that prominent serum anti-srv neutral ... | 1985 | 4020967 |
| [pre-exposure rabies vaccination using a new duck embryo vaccine]. | an economical, highly purified and concentrated duck embryo rabies vaccine (pdev) was investigated in relation to pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis. the vaccine was injected subcutaneously according to the then prescribed scheme for human diploid cell rabies vaccines (hdcv). additionally, a third dose was given on day 120. serum anti-rabies antibody levels were determined on days 0, 56, 120, und 170. on day 56 all volunteers showed an anti-rabies antibody level of at least 1.0 iu/ml, indicating th ... | 1985 | 4023675 |
| cell-mediated immune response to rabies virus in dogs following vaccination and challenge. | peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) from non-vaccinated dogs and from dogs either vaccinated intramuscularly (im) or subcutaneously (sc) with an inactivated rabies virus vaccine (rabguard-tc, norden laboratories, lincoln, ne) or intramuscularly with an attenuated rabies virus vaccine (endurall-r, norden laboratories, lincoln, ne) were exposed in vitro to rabies virus. blastogenesis of pbl was measured by incorporation of 3h-thymidine into the dna of proliferating cells in the presence of a subopt ... | 1985 | 4024449 |
| rabies virus in salivary glands of raccoons (procyon lotor). | 1985 | 4032628 | |
| cell mediated immune response in canine antirabies vaccination. | 1985 | 4035202 | |
| a rabies vaccine produced in a non-tumorigenic rabbit cell line. | from the trypsinized skin of a rabbit embryo, a fibroblastic cell line has been obtained (fel cells). the primary seed lot has been established at 11th passage. the tests for tumorigenicity on nu/nu mice were negative (10(4) cell/animal) at passage level 11th and 50th. cell growth and morphology were not altered when 100 passages were performed. fel cells were tested for their susceptibility to rabies virus. the production of virus on fel cells was investigated after infection by the p.v. rabies ... | 1985 | 4043531 |
| structural and immunogenic characteristics of rabies immunosomes. | rabies immunosomes are prepared by the anchorage of glycoprotein molecules to preformed liposomes. virosomes are associations of glycoprotein molecules with viral or non viral lipids. virosomes can be obtained spontaneously after removal of the detergent used for lipids solubilization. under the electron microscope immunosomes look like homogenous spherical vesicles (50-60 nm) evenly covered with spikes, although glycoprotein molecule orientation in virosomes is not yet clearly established. in a ... | 1985 | 4043539 |
| [comparative study of cellular and humoral immunity as well as of resistance to the rabies virus in rabies vaccination]. | experiments in cba and balb/c mice showed that after vaccination against rabies alongside with humoral immune response there developed a clone of cells sensitized to rabies antigen which, upon a secondary exposure to it, responded by increased blast formation. the immunological memory to the rabies antigen was found to be specific and to persist for up to 100 days (the observation period). immunization of mice with rabies vaccine using various schedules and in combination with interferon inducer ... | 1985 | 4049846 |
| [1st experiences with the oral immunization of foxes against rabies in hesse]. | 1985 | 4052007 | |
| decreased virulence of recombinant vaccinia virus expression vectors is associated with a thymidine kinase-negative phenotype. | recent advances in molecular genetics have led to the possibility of using large dna viruses, such as vaccinia virus, as a biological delivery system for immunizing man against unrelated disease-causing agents. when live vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag), the influenza a virus haemagglutinin, the herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 d glycoprotein, the rabies virus g glycoprotein and the vesicular stomatitis virus g glycoprotein were used for immun ... | 1985 | 4058585 |
| comparison of the effects of rabies virus infection and of combined interferon and poly(i).poly(c) treatment on the levels of 2',5'-adenyladenosine oligonucleotides in different organs of mice. | intracellular levels of 2',5'-adenyladenosine oligonucleotides were analyzed in different organs of mice during the course of a rabies virus infection. phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated 2',5'-adenyladenosine oligonucleotides were measured by radioimmunoassay and analyzed further by hplc. as the infection progressed, concentrations of phosphorylated 2',5'-adenyladenosine oligonucleotides increased strongly, reaching their maxima late in the infection. in contrast, concentrations of the nonphos ... | 1985 | 4060581 |
| nonspecific immunostimulation against viruses. | a trypsinized preparation from chromogenic selected strain of mycobacterium phlei (nsi) stimulated the recipient immune system non-specifically against a variety of viruses viz. rabies virus (rna virus). marek's disease (dna virus) and foot and mouth disease virus (rna virus) in phylogenetically different hosts like mice, chicks and guinea pigs respectively. investigation into mechanisms of such nonspecific immunostimulation revealed that there was induction of strong cell mediated immune respon ... | 1985 | 4064625 |
| effect of concanavalin a on the early events of rabies virus infection of cer cells. | the effect of concanavalin a on rabies virus infection of cer cells was investigated. pretreatment of cer cells with concanavalin a inhibited cellular susceptibility to rabies virus infection. the lectin also was found to be inhibitory when applied after the viral binding step. moreover, the lectin had a direct inhibitory effect on the infectivity of the virion. these lectin-mediated inhibitions could be reversed by alpha-d-methyl-mannopyranoside. these complex effects are discussed with regard ... | 1985 | 4066254 |
| rabies pathogenesis: fast times at the neuromuscular junction. | 1985 | 4067336 | |
| duration of immunity afforded to cattle by a binary-ethylenimine inactivated rabies vaccine. | 1985 | 4072487 | |
| cell-mediated immune response following intracutaneous immunisation with human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | specific cell-mediated immune response (cmir) against rabies antigens was studied in recipients of two regimens of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv) using the antigen-stimulated lymphocyte transformation test (ltt) as a measure of cmir. reconstituted hdcv could be conveniently used as the in vitro stimulating antigen and the response was antigen-dependent. conventional intramuscular immunization with full-dose hdcv resulted in positive ltt as early as 14 days after starting immunisation, ... | 1985 | 4074475 |
| [vaccination prophylaxis--a danaid sieve? a colloquium at the pasteur institute (paris) on rabies vaccination then and today]. | 1985 | 4076979 | |
| [a highly efficient, highly purified duck embryo rabies vaccine]. | at the swiss serum and vaccine institute, berne, a highly purified rabies vaccine presenting a high content of effective rabies virus glucoprotein antigen has been developed. the new vaccine is derived from embryonated duck eggs (pdev). immunizations performed according to the post-exposure schedule recommended for potent rabies vaccines by the who (6 injections on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 90) already induce protective antibody titers on day 14 (greater than 1 iu/ml). use of the latest radioimmu ... | 1985 | 4089577 |
| [humoral immunity of persons inoculated with cultured antirabies vaccines according to abridged schedules]. | the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies in high titers has been found to occur in persons immunized with tissue-culture rabies vaccines, concentrated and non concentrated, intramuscularly in a dose of 1 ml in accordance with reduced immunization schedules. | 1985 | 4090828 |
| cardiac involvement in human rabies. case report. | 1985 | 4095451 | |
| [ecological classification of lyssaviruses]. | 1985 | 4095980 | |
| immunoglobulin idiotypes: analysis of viral antigen-antibody systems. | 1985 | 2578680 | |
| rabies virulence: effect on pathogenicity and sequence characterization of rabies virus mutations affecting antigenic site iii of the glycoprotein. | using four neutralizing monoclonal antibodies which presumably bind to the same antigenic site on the cvs glycoprotein (antigenic site iii as defined by cross-neutralization tests), we isolated 58 mutants of the cvs strain of rabies virus. these mutants were highly resistant to the selecting antibodies and grew efficiently in cell cultures. we classified them into five groups on the basis of the pattern of resistance to the four antibodies. we determined pathogenicities of the mutants for adult ... | 1985 | 2579247 |
| [effects of rabies infection on the metabolism of the host-cell: does inhibition of cellular rna synthesis take place?]. | acute infection of cloned bhk21 cells with rabies virus (cvs strain) resulted in a reduction in the amount of cellular rna, not so rapid and pronounced as with another rhabdovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). this decrease in the amount of cellular rna was shown to be caused by a differential membrane permeability of infected and uninfected bhk21 cells to [3h]-uridine and by a real inhibition of cellular rna synthesis. | 1985 | 2581678 |
| immunomodulation by bordetella pertussis: antiviral effects. | treatment of mice by intraperitoneal inoculation of pertussis vaccine or lipopolysaccharide extracted from b. pertussis will effect resistance to rabies virus, encephalomyocarditis virus, semliki forest virus, and herpes simplex virus. our previous observations indicated that treatment of c3h/hen (+/nu) and bdf1 mice with pertussis vaccine injected i.p. five days prior to a mouse adenovirus lethal dose i.p. challenge elicited resistance to clinical disease and death. susceptibility returned to a ... | 1985 | 2872109 |
| experimental rabies in hibernator rodents. | experiments carried out in different seasons with different strains of rabies virus have shown that hibernation prolonged the incubation period in sousliks (citellus major pall.). mean survival of the animals infected during the active period was 32 days, while during hibernation it was 147.3 days (p less than 0.05), in some cases up to 251 days. the virus was isolated from and/or detected by fluorescent antibody test in 50% of cases in the brown fat and in some cases in the salivary glands and ... | 1985 | 2859761 |
| characteristics of cellular and humoral immune responses after immunization with different rabies vaccines. | three rabies vaccines were compared: 1. the fermi type vaccine, a phenol-treated suspension of brain tissue from infected sheep; 2. a virus grown in sheep brain, purified from the contaminating material to 85-90% and inactivated with beta-propiolactone; 3. and the mniip-74 strain cultured in japanese quail embryo cells and inactivated with beta-propiolactone. a single immunization of mice with any of the preparations resulted in about 50% inhibition of splenocyte migration after 2 days; by day 1 ... | 1985 | 2860797 |
| interferonogenicity of rabies vaccines as related to their therapeutic and prophylactic activities. | non-interferonogenic rabies vaccine prepared from a virus grown in sheep brain and devoid of neuroallergenic factor and an interferonogenic vaccine from the same virus strain cultured in japanese quail embryo cells have been compared. in mouse experiments both preparations appeared to have identical therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy. it seems that interferonogenicity of rabies vaccines cannot be used as a criterion of their prophylactic or therapeutic effects. the effectiveness of exogenous ... | 1985 | 2866692 |
| effect of amantadine on rhabdovirus infection. | enveloped viruses enter host cells by fusion or viropexis. the latter mechanism is the prevalent entry pathway of rhabdoviruses into susceptible cells. amantadine, a lysosomotropic agent, inhibits the multiplication of various groups of viruses. the effect of this drug was investigated on vesicular stomatitis virus and rabies fixed virus strain replication in fibroblasts. amantadine was added to cells before, during and after infection to detect the phase of viral replication affected by the dru ... | 1985 | 3013559 |
| biologically active peptides of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein. | a peptide corresponding to the amino-terminal 25 amino acids of the mature vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein has recently been shown to be a ph-dependent hemolysin. in the present study, we analyzed smaller constituent peptides and found that the hemolytic domain resides within the six amino-terminal amino acids. synthesis of variant peptides indicates that the amino-terminal lysine can be replaced by another positively charged amino acid (arginine) but that substitution with glutamic acid ... | 1985 | 2981356 |
| immunofluorescent staining of trypsinized formalin-fixed brain smears for rabies antigen: results compared with those obtained by standard methods for 221 suspect animal cases in nigeria. | formalin-fixed samples from 221 animal brains received for rabies diagnosis in nigeria were digested in 0.1% trypsin in phosphate buffered saline, ph 7.4, and smears stained for rabies antigen by direct immunofluorescence (if). the results were compared with those obtained using fresh material from the same animals for negri body staining, mouse inoculation (mi) and occasionally immunofluorescent staining. from 191 specimens examined for negri bodies and by mouse inoculation 51 and 64 respective ... | 1985 | 2982942 |
| performance of laboratories in testing for rabies virus--united states. | 1985 | 2984532 | |
| human and chimpanzee monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibody-secreting cell lines were isolated after transformation of peripheral blood leukocytes with epstein-barr virus. blood samples were obtained from human donors having circulating antibodies against hepatitis viruses (hab, hbv), rubella, or rabies virus and from a chimpanzee infected with hav. dextran-isolated leukocytes were submitted to epstein-barr virus infection at low cell concentrations (1 x 10(4) cells x ml-1). proliferating clones could be observed in 50-100% of the cul ... | 1985 | 2989374 |
| phosphorylation of the n and m1 proteins of rabies virus. | phosphorylation of rabies virus proteins was followed in vivo and in vitro. the n and m1 proteins were both found to be phosphorylated. the m1 protein was present in the virion in two phosphorylated states, but only the hypophosphorylated form of m1 was found in infected cells. the hypothesis that some of the m1 molecules become hyperphosphorylated during the maturation process by a membrane-bound kinase was examined. the phosphorylation of the viral proteins by the kinase present in purified ra ... | 1985 | 2995564 |
| [monoclonal antibodies in diseases of viral origin]. | 1985 | 2996158 | |
| [antibody response in patients vaccincated with anti-rabies vaccine vnukovo-32 and hdcv mérieux]. | 1985 | 2932229 | |
| serologic and immune responses to rabies virus during different human treatments with tissue culture and suckling mouse brain vaccines. | the antibody response to rabies virus was studied in twenty volunteers immunized with different schemes of suckling mouse brain and human diploid cell culture rabies vaccines. throughout the study period, titers in serum neutralization and indirect fluorescent antibody tests, as well as the class of immunoglobulins with antirabies activity, varied in different individuals with the treatment scheme and the antigenic potency of the vaccine. the results suggest that measurement of the igg class of ... | 1985 | 2418604 |
| rabies virus binding to cellular membranes measured by enzyme immunoassay. | the binding of rabies virus to cellular membranes was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). virus binding to membranes adsorbed to the wells of microtiter plates was detected with rabies virus antibody and alkaline phosphatase-linked second antibody. the greatest degree of binding was to myotube, neuroblastoma, and salivary gland membranes; intermediate levels occurred in striated muscle and nerve membranes; and low levels of binding were found in other membranes, includin ... | 1985 | 16758601 |
| detection and sequence of plus-strand leader rna of sonchus yellow net virus, a plant rhabdovirus. | tobacco infected with the plant rhabdovirus sonchus yellow net virus (synv) contains short, 139- to 144-nucleotide (nt) transcripts complementary to the 3' terminus of the negative-strand genomic rna. these transcripts are similar to the leader rnas associated with several animal rhabdovirus infections in that they are encoded by the same region of the genome, but the synv transcripts are nearly 3 times longer than the animal rhabdovirus leader rnas. the synv leader rnas differ markedly in seque ... | 1986 | 16593726 |
| porcine rabies in a closed feeder barn. | rabies was diagnosed in a 40 kg pig from a closed feeder barn in which recently unexplained deaths of eight to ten pigs had occurred. a stray cat, probably crawling through a ventilation duct into the barn, was the suspected vector. over a four and one-quarter year period a disproportionate 53 cases of animal rabies had been diagnosed within a 5 km radius of the farm (13% of the cases in the county in 3% of the county area). histological lesions, mostly lymphocytic cuffing of blood vessels in th ... | 1986 | 17422636 |
| from jenner to jerne: towards idiotype vaccines. | 1986 | 2422113 | |
| walking along the rabies genome: is the large g-l intergenic region a remnant gene? | rabies cdna clones, obtained by "walking along the genome" using two successive dna primers, have allowed the sequence determination of the genes encoding the n, m1, m2, g, and the beginning of the l protein as well as the rabies intergenic regions. start and stop transcription signals located at the border of each gene encoding a protein have been identified and are similar to the corresponding signals from vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and sendai virus. except for limited stretches of the n ... | 1986 | 3459163 |
| oral immunization and protection of raccoons (procyon lotor) with a vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant virus vaccine. | animal rabies control has been frustrated by the existence of multiple wildlife reservoirs and the lack of efficacious oral vaccines. in this investigation, raccoons fed a vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant virus in a sponge bait developed rabies virus-neutralizing antibody (0.6-54.0 units) and resisted street rabies virus infection 28 and 205 days after feeding. additional raccoons immunized by oral infusion with attenuated antigenic variants of rabies virus strains cvs-11 and era failed ... | 1986 | 3464010 |
| [counterimmunoelectrophoresis for the determination of anti-rabies antibodies]. | 1986 | 2944524 | |
| infection of cultured rat myotubes and neurons from the spinal cord by rabies virus. | rabies virus multiplication was investigated in cultured primary rat myotubes and neurons. the susceptibility of these two cell types to fixed rabies challenge virus strain (cvs) was monitored by fluorescence and virus titration. differentiated rat myotubes were susceptible to rabies virus infection, and showed an increasing accumulation of viral material from day one to day four. however, these cells did not release infective viral particles, nor did they accumulate infectious virions in the cy ... | 1986 | 3510273 |
| antibody response to preexposure human diploid-cell rabies vaccine given concurrently with chloroquine. | we conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the antibody response of freshman veterinary students to intradermal human diploid-cell rabies vaccine administered concurrently with chloroquine, a drug frequently used for chemoprophylaxis against malaria. fifty-one students who had not been vaccinated against rabies were enrolled: 26 received 300 mg of chloroquine base per week (the recommended dose for malaria prophylaxis); 25 did not receive chloroquine and served as controls. all subje ... | 1986 | 3510393 |
| experimentally induced rabies in four cats inoculated with a rabies virus isolated from a bat. | four cats were inoculated im with rabies virus isolated from the salivary gland of a naturally infected big brown bat (eptesicus fuscus). the 4 cats developed clinical signs of rabies after a median incubation period of 42 days. the median duration of clinical illness was 5 days. results of fluorescent antibody evaluation, mouse inoculation, and tissue culture isolation indicated large differences in virus concentrations in various areas of the cns of individual cats. these differences also were ... | 1986 | 3516030 |
| rabies in rodents and lagomorphs in the united states, 1971-1984: increased cases in the woodchuck (marmota monax) in mid-atlantic states. | a review of surveillance data on animal rabies from the centers for disease control revealed 104 cases of rabies in rodents and lagomorphs for 1971 through 1984 in the united states; 80% of these were reported between 1980 and 1984. woodchucks (marmota monax) accounted for 64% of the cases. most of the cases of rabies in woodchucks were associated with an epizootic of rabies in raccoons (procyon lotor) in the mid-atlantic states. in rabies endemic areas, humans exposed to woodchucks should recei ... | 1986 | 3520029 |
| absence of prenatal infection of bats with rabies virus. | 1986 | 3520031 | |
| stability of immunofluorescence reactions produced by polyclonal and monoclonal antibody conjugates for rabies virus. | we investigated two consumer complaints that described fading of immunofluorescence reactions associated with the use of a commercial antirabies, fluorescein-labeled, monoclonal antibody conjugate. we compared the performance of this product with that of two polyclonal antibody antirabies conjugates and observed significant diminution of fluorescence with the monoclonal antibody conjugate only. furthermore, the fading occurred only on tissue impressions that had been mounted but not exposed to u ... | 1986 | 3528216 |
| use of immunofluorescence examination to detect rabies virus antigen in the skin of humans with clinical encephalitis. | 1986 | 3528322 | |
| the influence of the type of immunosorbent on rabies antibody eia; advantages of purified glycoprotein over whole virus. | two types of in vitro assay (enzyme immunoassay and sero-neutralization test) for the titration of rabies antibodies were used to assay sera from mice and humans immunized with cell culture vaccines or neural tissue vaccines. enzyme immunoassays (eia) were performed in plates sensitized with whole virus, purified glycoprotein or purified nucleocapsid. neutralizing antibody titres were determined by the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (refit) and by an in vitro seroneutralization test inc ... | 1986 | 3531213 |
| a rapid rabies enzyme immuno-diagnosis (rreid): a useful and simple technique for the routine diagnosis of rabies. | a rapid rabies enzyme immuno-diagnosis (rreid) technique has been developed. this technique for the diagnosis of rabies was performed in microplates which had been previously sensitized with igg to purified antinucleocapsids. suspensions of homogenized material were incubated in the plate and the specific binding of rabies antigen was revealed by the use of the same igg conjugated with peroxidase. with the rreid technique it was possible to detect rabies antigens in brain specimens with the same ... | 1986 | 3531215 |
| [use of the capture antibody method for the detection of the presence of igm in the sera of persons immunized against rabies]. | 1986 | 3531742 | |
| [usefulness of the indirect immunofluorescence method in the serological diagnosis of rabies]. | 1986 | 3531743 | |
| [evaluation of an antirabies conjugate by titration using various fluorescent microscopes]. | 1986 | 3532282 | |
| [detection of rabies virus antibodies in human blood serum by an immunoenzyme method]. | in a coded experiment on rabies virus antibody detection in the blood sera of humans immunized with rabies vaccines, coincidence of the results of indirect elisa, neutralization test and radial hemolysis test (rht) was observed in 83% and 90% of the cases. the correlation coefficient of antibody titres in elisa and nt was r = +0.75, elisa and rht r = +0.81. instances of discrepancy of the results were observed with sera of low titres, no more than 1:50 by neutralization test. | 1986 | 3532544 |
| [persistent infection with rabies virus]. | 1986 | 3535239 | |
| [rapid technics for the laboratory diagnosis of rabies]. | 1986 | 3535707 | |
| an evaluation of second generation tissue culture rabies vaccines for use in man: a four-vaccine comparative immunogenicity study using a pre-exposure vaccination schedule and an abbreviated 2-1-1 postexposure schedule. | in a double-blind comparative trial the immunogenicity of three new tissue culture rabies vaccines was evaluated, using a commercial human diploid cell vaccine (hdcv) lot as the reference. two different vaccination regimens, a pre-exposure schedule, and an abbreviated 2-1-1 postexposure schedule (two doses of the vaccine applied bilaterally on day 0, with subsequent single doses given on days 7 and 21) were employed. in both, two of the new vaccines, purified chick embryo cell vaccine and purifi ... | 1986 | 3541428 |
| characterization of rabies virus soluble proteins in mouse brain. | 1986 | 3589202 | |
| the early kinetics of the neutralizing antibody response after booster immunizations with human diploid cell rabies vaccine. | persons immunized in developing countries were recently shown to have low titers after pre-exposure immunization with human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv). an investigation into the response to hdcv boosters was conducted to determine if immunologic sensitization had occurred and if there was a response difference in persons immunized in and outside of the united states. intramuscular (im) booster doses of vaccine were administered to 113 persons previously immunized outside the united state ... | 1986 | 3706630 |
| an effective economical intradermal regimen of human diploid cell rabies vaccination for post-exposure treatment. | a closely-spaced multisite intradermal regimen of human diploid cell rabies vaccine (hdcv) was evaluated in 39 patients after low-risk exposure to rabies, in comparison to full-dose intramuscular hdcv and sheep brain-derived rabies (semple) vaccine. the regimen consisted of four intradermal injections, 0.1 ml each of hdcv on days 0, 3 and 7, followed by two booster doses of only 0.1 ml each on days 28 and 91 administered intradermally. although the total amount of hdcv used in this intradermal r ... | 1986 | 3708902 |
| [serologic studies of rabies vaccination in dogs in switzerland]. | 1986 | 3715447 | |
| immune responses of mice to inactivated rabies vaccine administered orally: potentiation by quillaja saponin. | administered orally, quillaja saponin markedly potentiated the humoral immune responses of mice fed inactivated rabies vaccine, and significantly increased their resistance to subsequent intracerebral challenge with live rabies virus. although mean serum neutralizing antibody titres were generally 8- to 16-fold higher when vaccine was given intraperitoneally, orally administered vaccine, with saponin, stimulated production of high protective antibody levels that were maintained for at least 6 mo ... | 1986 | 3719460 |
| [specific antibodies and selected immunologic indicators in persons vaccinated under short-program rabies vaccination]. | 1986 | 3719643 | |
| rabies in insectivorous bats of western canada, 1979 to 1983. | a total of 1,745, 362, and 536 bats collected in alberta, british columbia, and saskatchewan, respectively, was tested for rabies virus between 1979 and 1983. only one (0.1%) of 769 bats collected at random from buildings was infected with rabies virus in contrast to 95 (5%) of 1,874 symptomatic, rabies-suspect bats submitted for testing. the pattern of infection in the rabies-suspect bats was similar in alberta and saskatchewan, but differed in british columbia. rabies was diagnosed in four spe ... | 1986 | 3735577 |
| oral vaccination of the fox against rabies using a live recombinant vaccinia virus. | rabies, a viral disease affecting all warm-blooded animals, is prevalent in most parts of the world, where it propagates amongst wild animals, particularly the fox and dog. the public health and economic consequences of infection in man and livestock are well known. attempts to control the disease by vaccinating wild carnivores with inactivated or attenuated rabies virus remain controversial, and we have instead evaluated here the potential of a recombinant vaccinia virus to protect foxes agains ... | 1986 | 3736663 |
| [fatal rabies virus infection in humans]. | 1986 | 3743444 | |
| survey of raccoon hunters for rabies antibody titers: pilot study. | 1986 | 3746238 | |
| pleomorphism of fine structure of rabies virus in human and experimental brain. | identification of the negri bodies in the brain of an 8-year-old boy who died 8 days after a paralytic illness and 20 days after a dog bite, and who had received 9 injections of semple's anti-rabies vaccine, provided evidence that he died of acute rabies encephalitis and not of post-vaccinal allergic encephalomyelitis. the negri bodies in the human subject and those seen in the inoculated mouse differed in their morphological structure: the former consisted of a matrix of very fine granular mate ... | 1986 | 3760910 |
| avianized rabies virus infection in mice. | 1986 | 3761776 | |
| [long-term persistence of the rabies virus at inoculation sites in an experiment on hibernating rodents]. | 1986 | 3765572 | |
| cloning of rabies virus matrix protein mrna and determination of its amino acid sequence. | a cdna clone of mrna for rabies virus matrix (m) protein has been identified. the clone hybridizes to an mrna species from rabies virus-infected cells, whose size correlates to the size of the m protein in rabies virions, and selects an mrna that translates into a polypeptide corresponding in size to m protein. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned cdna was determined and from this a complete amino acid sequence for m protein was deduced. the deduced sequence of 202 amino acids bears no detectab ... | 1986 | 3765822 |
| major antigenic groups of rabies virus in canada determined by anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies. | a total of 123 rabies virus isolates from various geographical areas in canada were characterized by a panel of 43 anti-nucleocapsid monoclonal antibodies. four major antigenic groups are found in terrestrial mammals: "canadian arctic" from ontario, quebec and the northwest territories; "south-eastern georgian bay" from ontario; "south mid-central skunk" from alberta, saskatchewan and manitoba; and "brook's, alberta skunk" from a restricted area in alberta. bat isolates can be divided into 4 maj ... | 1986 | 3769442 |
| [does rabies return by air to the scandinavian countries?]. | 1986 | 3774519 | |
| preparation of & comparison between whole cell & sonicated sheep brain antirabies vaccine. | 1986 | 3781589 | |
| experimental rabies: ultrastructural quantitative analysis of the changes in the sciatic nerve. | to study the pathology of peripheral nerves in experimental rabies infection, street rabies virus ws inoculated into the right footpad of two groups of mice, a and b, which received, respectively, 10(4.5) ld50 and 10(3.5) ld50 of the virus. paralysis was observed in 60% of animals of group a and 20% of group b. the main ultrastructural abnormality present in the sciatic nerves was degeneration of about 40% of myelinated axons. only occasional unmyelinated axons were degenerated. figures were sim ... | 1986 | 3792512 |
| validation of an in vitro assay for the determination of rabies antigen. | the modified antibody binding test, an in vitro method, was validated by a number of studies and was used as a reliable method for in process controls in the manufacture of rabies vaccines for man and animals over the last 6 years. a calculation was made showing the number of laboratory mice which were not needed for animal experiments because these were substituted by the in vitro method mentioned above. | 1986 | 3792659 |
| alternatives for potency testing of veterinary vaccines: rabies vaccine as a model. | optimum information about potency of a vaccine is achieved by a protection test on the target animal species. however, application of this procedure to routine batch control requires a great number of target animals. in order to reduce the number of such animals, laboratory animal tests or in vitro tests have to be established. these tests must be correlated to target animal protection tests allowing the estimation of the vaccine potency with the same accuracy. with respect to testing the potenc ... | 1986 | 3792660 |
| [comparative assessment of the neurovirulence of vaccinal strains of the rabies virus]. | neurovirulence of three vaccine strains of rabies virus ("moscow", "vnukovo-32", and "mivp-74") was studied in mice using pathomorphology data. after intracerebral inoculations changes in the cns were similar. the presence and the degree of the involvement of the ammon horn is the main indicator of the infectious activity of the strain. the disease and death of the animals after inoculation with an attenuated strain may be due to the damage of intermediate neurons of descending projection tracts ... | 1986 | 3798910 |
| effects of corticosteroids mediated immunosuppression on the distribution of rabies vaccine virus in red foxes orally immunized against rabies. | 1986 | 3799101 |