Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the chemotactic effect of bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide. | the atypical bacteroides fragilis lipopolysaccharide is chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. the chemotactic activity is mediated by complement activated through the alternative pathway. this mediator has been isolated. it is a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 16,000 and is most likely the complement component c5a. | 1979 | 549186 |
| participation of immunoglobulin and the alternative complement pathway in opsonization of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. | studies were conducted to determine the requirements for immunoglobulin and complement in opsonization of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. the ability of human sera depleted of immunoglobulin or of components of complement to promote the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of the two strains of bacteroides by human leukocytes was measured in vitro under anaerobic conditions. neither hypogammaglobulinemic sera nor pooled normal human serum that was heated at 56 c for 30 ... | 1979 | 549187 |
| [schistosomiosis infection produced by human and wild strains from the rio paraiba do sul valley sp (brazil), in isogeneic mice]. | 1979 | 549223 | |
| hippocampal afterdischarges and their post-ictal sequelae in rats: a potential tool for assessment of cns neurotoxicity. | two types of ad and post-ad sequences are described. type 1, which were most common (83%), are followed by a profound post-ictal depression (pid). pids can be quantitatively measured by integrating the eeg. the post-ictal eeg power normally returned to 75% of its prestimulation power within 4-5 min. pids are usually interrupted by a brief rebound ad, occurring about 1.5 min after the end of the ad. wet dog shakes (wdss) often punctuate the end of the ad and the end of the rebound ad. type ii ads ... | 1979 | 551303 |
| composition and ecology of the human intestinal flora. | longitudinal quantitative cultures of fecal flora of 20 newborns, 4 older babies and 10 healthy adults were carried out to study the composition and development of the intestinal flora. in all newborns the same sequence of colonization was observed. the numbers of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria fluctuated and reached finally numbers of 10(10)/g wet weight. in adults the flora was in balance with 10(5)-10(7) aerobic and 10(10)-10(11) anaerobic bacteria/g wet weight. interaction experiments in vit ... | 1979 | 552810 |
| antibiotic sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria. | antibiotic sensitivity tests on most anaerobic organisms isolated from a given patient are seldom of use to that individual. this is because both isolation and sensitivity testing of this group of bacteria take so long. it is thus vital that the microbiologist should be able to supply to the clinician the cumulated results of past experience, ideally his own, but if not, then the experience of others, taking into account geographical variations whenever possible. because of the possibility of ge ... | 1979 | 553477 |
| [applications of gas chromatography in the diagnosis of anaerobic infections]. | the isolation and identification of anaerobic bacteria by biochemical tests take long time, so it is very useful the gas-chromatography to detect the volatile fatty acids produced from their metabolism. this technique can give rapidly a presumptive diagnosis of anaerobic infection so that it is possible to start immediately a correct antibiotic therapy. in this study we have examined many samples of pus and exudate, and the results have been compared with those obtained from the culture. we have ... | 1979 | 553479 |
| [cefuroxime. pharmacokinetic aspects in man after intravenous administration under different conditions]. | 1979 | 554803 | |
| intravenous metronidazole therapy for bacteroides fragilis meningitis. | a 69-year-old man developed meningitis due to bacteroides fragilis and streptococcus mg-intermedius, which progressed during chloramphenicol and nafcillin therapy to the extent that he seemed near death, with frank pus covering the spinal cord at surgery. treatment with intravenous metronidazole and penicillin g was curative. after multiple trauma, a 20-year-old man developed meningitis due to escherichia coli and b fragilis. he failed to respond to chloramphenicol alone, but responded to combin ... | 1979 | 373128 |
| the anti-endotoxin activity of taurolin in experimental animals. | 1979 | 374333 | |
| protein and ribonucleic acid syntheses in heat-damaged and heat-killed escherichia coli. | protein and ribonucleic acid (rna) syntheses were measured in both lethally injured and thermally damaged viable cells after heating at lethal temperatures. immediately after heating, cells were incubated in growth media containing either [14c]leucine or [3h]uracil. the labeled cells were subsequently treated with penicillin. viable cells were shown to lyse, and the intact nonviable cells were collected by centrifugation. the results showed that after heating, protein and rna synthesis were rein ... | 1979 | 374390 |
| incorporation of n-acetylglucosamine into the core region of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide of escherichia coli. | 1979 | 374407 | |
| fluorescent vi antibody test in the screening of typhoid carriers. | the comparative efficacies of direct bacterial agglutination and immunofluorescent antibody for the estimation of serum vi antibody were determined in the detection of typhoid carriers. sera from all 12 typhoid carriers gave significant titers of 1/10 or more in the direct bacterial agglutination test; however, 26 of 119 (21.8%) sera from culture-negative individuals were also falsely positive. in the fluorescent vi antibody test, 11 of 12 typhoid carriers showed significant serum antibody level ... | 1979 | 377949 |
| clinical and experimental evaluation of cefoxitin therapy. | 30 patients were treated with i.v. cefoxitin (4-8 g/day), of which 20 had documented infections which included endocarditis (5), lung abscess (4), empyema (4), liver and subhepatic abscess (3), osteomyelitis (3), and pancreatic abscess (1). 14 patients had infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and 5 had endocarditis due to aerobic organisms. all but 2 patients with osteomyelitis of the mandible were cured. adverse reactions were noted in 7 patients, mostly due to drug fever and leukocytosis; o ... | 1979 | 378578 |
| anaerobic infection of the liver and biliary tract in experimental common duct occlusion. | the pathogenicity of single anaerobic, single aerobic, and mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacterial inocula was studied in 3 groups of 12 rabbits with biliary tract obstruction. b. fragilis, ss. fragilis and e. coli serotype 01:k1:h7 were used. the investigation was made 7 days after bacterial inoculation and included bacteriological studies of the liver and bile as well as studies of liver function and morphology of the liver and biliary tract. inoculation of 10(5)--10(6) e. coli did not cause bil ... | 1979 | 379988 |
| acute appendicitis and bacteroides fragilis. | bacteria belonging to the bacteroides fragilis group (b. fragilis, b. ovatus, b. vulgatus, b. distasonis, b. thetaiotaomicron and b. uniformis) were cultured in quantities of less than or equal to 10(5) c.f.u./ml from the excised appendix from 30 patients. twenty-two patients (group i) had an acute purulent appendicitis (three with perforation), four were classified as slightly inflamed cases (group 2) and four had a normal appendix (group 3). the b. fragilis group of bacteria dominated among th ... | 1979 | 379991 |
| [experimental application of calcium phosphate granulate for the substitution of conventional bone transplants (author's transl)]. | autologous spongiosa, a calcium phosphate ceramic and kiel bone chips were implanted in the tibiae of dogs and compared with respect to tissue compatibility and osteogenetic effect. after the ceramic implants and the autologous spongiosa had been left in the tibial fat marrow for six weeks, bone tissue and bone marrow had formed to the same extent around both materials. their stimulating effect on osteogenesis was comparable. in contrast to the ceramic material, together with which they had been ... | 1979 | 380203 |
| the william allan memorial award address: on phosphate transport and genetic screening. "understanding backward--living forward" in human genetics. | 1979 | 380328 | |
| cefamandole therapy in anaerobic infections. | thirty-one adult patients with infections due to anaerobic bacteria were treated with cefamandole. bacteroides fragilis group (17) and bacteroides melaninogenicus (13) were the most frequent anaerobes isolated. duration of therapy varied from 2 to 49 days. results were judged satisfactory in 26 cases, and unsatisfactory in 1 case. four cases could not be evaluated. adverse reactions occurred in 16 patients and included positive direct coombs' test without hemolysis, transient liver function abno ... | 1979 | 380458 |
| clindamycin in treatment of aspiration pneumonia in children. | twenty-eight patients with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections were treated with clindamycin alone or clindamycin with gentamicin. sixteen of the patients presented with pneumonitis, nine with necrotizing pneumonia, and three with lung abscesses. the average length of treatment was 13.8 days, and the duration of temperature after initiation of therapy was 3.1 days. the predominant isolates were anaerobic gram-positive cocci (23 isolates), bacteroides melaninogenicus (14), bacteroides fragilis ( ... | 1979 | 380459 |
| phenylalanyl-trna synthetase induced conformational change of escherichia coli trna phe. | 1979 | 383142 | |
| an inducible proline transport system in candida albicans. | 1. when candida albicans cells were preincubated with proline or grown in the presence of proline as the sole nitrogen source they exhibited a rapid increase in the influx of proline (the inducible transport system). 2. the induction appeared to be specific for proline and also demonstrated in other candida species. 3. both the inducible and constitutive proline uptake systems exhibited similar characteristic features. 4. the nature of the inducer for proline uptake in c. albicans appeared to be ... | 1979 | 383150 |
| cyclacillin: in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | cyclacillin at 50 microgram/ml inhibited streptococci (100%), shigella (72%), and bacteroides (b) fragilis ss fragilis (84%). at 100 microgram/ml it inhibited proteus (75%), b. fragilis (86%), and e. coli (50%). cyclacillin was more effective than ampicillin against beta-lactamase-producing h. influenzae. the activity of cyclacillin was found to be more enhanced when tested in nutrient agar and mueller-hinton agar than in brain heart infusion agar. | 1979 | 383419 |
| use of an immunoperoxidase method for identification of bacteroides fragilis. | an indirect immunoperoxidase (ip) slide test was evaluated for the laboratory identification of bacteroides fragilis. antigen-antibody complexes were detected with goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin g-peroxidase conjugate with 3-amino-9-ethyl-carbazole as the peroxidase substrate. ninety-one percent of 44 b. fragilis strains tested were ip positive (3+ to 4+ reactions) with greater than or equal to 1:160 dilutions of rabbit antiserum produced against whole cells of b. fragilis atcc 23745. the antis ... | 1979 | 385616 |
| practical technique for quantitating anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. | quantitative bacteriology has considerable influence on the care and management of surgical wounds. heretofore, these techniques have been limited to measurements of aerobic bacteria. a technique is reported herein which permits quantitation of obligately anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. this technique is easily reproduced in any clinical laboratory and eliminates the need for expensive anaerobic chambers. | 1979 | 385618 |
| identification and separation of thy-1 positive mouse spleen cells active in natural cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. | the expression of the thy-1 antigen on mouse spleen cells responsible for nk activity and adcc was investigated by using a monoclonal igm anti-thy-1.2 antibody. both c-mediated cytotoxicity and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter were used to fractionate cells. the effector cells were found to be heterogeneous in their expression of thy-1. effector cells from nude balb/c mice were predominantly thy-1 positive; some of the nk cells in cba spleens appeared to be thy-1 positive, but at least one ... | 1979 | 387876 |
| human cell membrane components dominant in t cell lineage: identification and characterization of human tl-like antigens. | cell membrane components that contain beta 2-microglobulin were purified from cells of a human t cell-type leukemia cell line, hpb-all. they contained membrane components that have the same molecular size and the same subunit structure as hla(a,b,c) antigens but are separable from the typical beta 2-microglobulin-containing cell membrane components, i.e., the hla (a,b,c) antigens, by xenoantibody reagents. a sensitive radioimmunoassay was constructed for detection of the t cell membrane componen ... | 1979 | 387877 |
| anaerobes in biliary tract infection. | 1979 | 391170 | |
| clinical characteristics of anaerobic bactibilia. | during a two-year period, 1,892 patients underwent biliary tract surgery at the mayo clinic. both aerobic and anaerobic bile cultures were performed in 371 patients and 253 of these were positive. anaerobes were isolated from 100 patients, although only twice in pure culture. only aerobes grew from cultures from 153 patients. one hundred cases of biliary tract infections involving anaerobes and an equal number involving aerobes only were reviewed in order to determine their clinical characterist ... | 1979 | 391171 |
| a modified tube method for the cultivation and enumeration of anaerobic bacteria. | a new type of tube (the lee tube) has been developed for use in the cultivation and enumeration of obligate anaerobes. the lee tube is a double-walled, screw-capped tube which allows the formation of a thin cylinder of agar medium between the two walls. anaerobiosis is achieved through deoxygenation of the deep cylinder of agar during sterilization, a minimum of head space, and use of a reducing agent to absorb oxygen introduced during the inoculation procedure. for several species of clostridiu ... | 1979 | 396020 |
| detection of specific igg antibody in sera from patients infected with bacteroides fragilis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | during a period of 13 months, 28 serious infections caused by bacteroides were seen in 27 patients. sixteen patients yielded bacteroides fragilis; sera from 13 (81%) of these 16 had increased levels of igg specific for b. fragilis lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). sera from 20 normal controls did not have increased specific igg. sera from 22 of 23 patients with bacteremia caused by other gram-negative rods also failed to yield increased levels of spe ... | 1979 | 396340 |
| bacteriophages of bacteroides. | sixty-eight bacteriophages specific for nine species (dna homology groups) of bacteroides were isolated from sewage. four distinct morphological types were isolated, three of which had not previously been described. attempts to use these phages to transduce bacteroides fragilis were unsuccessful. a total of 91 phage-susceptible strains of bacteroides were used with these phages in a study of the feasibility of developing a scheme for identification of bacteroides species. blind trials were perfo ... | 1979 | 398578 |
| cefoxitin and cephamycins: microbiological studies. | the cephamycins are a family of beta-lactam antibiotics that are produced by actinomycetes and are structurally similar to the cephalosporins. they are characterized by the presence of a 7-alpha-methoxyl group, which confers unusually high resistance to beta-lactamases. cefoxitin, the first semisynthetic cephamycin, is resistant to almost all beta-lactamases. cefoxitin retains the 3-carbamoyl group of cephamycin c and thus has excellent metabolic stability. cefoxitin is bactericidal and almost d ... | 1979 | 400941 |
| experimental bacteroides fragilis abscess in the rat liver. | liver abscess was induced in rats by injecting a culture of b. fragilis ss. fragilis (approx. 5x10(6) cells) into devascularized liver tissue. mixed infection with b. fragilis and aerobes occurred in all animals subjected to repeated laparotomies for bacteriological sampling (4, 7, 14 and 28 days after inoculation). in animals sampled only at 8 or at 42 days after injection, b. fragilis was isolated in pure culture from the majority of animals. the size of abscesses containing b. fragilis in pur ... | 1979 | 288164 |
| the humoral antibody response to bacteroides fragilis infections in humans. | the humoral antibody response to bacteroides fragilis infections in humans, with particular reference to ss. fragilis, was studied using an enzyme immunosorbent assay (eia). phenol-water extracted polysaccharide fractions (ps) from b. fragilis ss. fragilis, ss. ovatus, ss. distasonis and ss. vulgatus were used as antigens. antibody titer determinations were done on sera collected from 57 patients where b. fragilis had been cultured and from 50 controls. in patients with septicemia caused by b. f ... | 1979 | 288165 |
| anaerobic bacteria in maxillary sinusitis. | the anaerobic bacterial flora of purulent maxillary sinusitis was investigated in 30 patients and the different anaerobic species identified and tested with respect to antibiotic susceptibility. most strains were identified as anaerobic cocci. non-sporeforming gram-positive rods and gram-negative rods other than bacteroides fragilis were also isolated. the majority of the strains were susceptible to benzylpenicillin, cefoxitin, clindamycin, doxycycline, metronidazole and chloramphenicol. | 1979 | 288166 |
| alterations of host defenses paralleling cholesterol-induced atherogenesis. i. interactions of prolonged experimental hypercholesterolemia and infections. | cholesterol may interfere with normal repair processes in the arterial wall. it is also possible that this same action occurs during inflammation and repair throughout the body. this hypothesis was tested by giving intravenous injections of bacteroides fragilis, a bacterium that is innocuous for normal rabbits even when multiple large doses are given. almost all cholesterol-fed rabbits developed significant pleuropulmonary infections with complications that included vasculitis, thrombosis, extra ... | 1979 | 290725 |
| effect of intestinal bacteria on incidence of liver tumors in gnotobiotic c3h/he male mice. | the effect of intestinal microflora on liver tumorigenesis was studied in gnotobiotic c3h/he male mice monoassociated, diassociated, or polyassociated with the following strains of intestinal bacteria: escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, bifidobacterium adolescentis, bifidobacterium infantis, clostridium indolis, c. paraputrificum, c. perfringens, c. innocuum, c. nexile, c. ramosum, c. clostridiiforme, bacteroides multiacidus, bacteroides fragilis, veillonella alcalescens, v. parvula, and ... | 1979 | 292809 |
| analysis of human lymphocyte subpopulations responsible for antibody-dependent and spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity. | 1979 | 313102 | |
| [antibacterial activity of sulfobenzylpenicillin against anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)]. | 1979 | 313459 | |
| susceptibility to cefazedone and cefazolin and production of beta-lactamase in in bacteroides fragilis and other species of bacteroidaceae. | 1979 | 314805 | |
| ly-127935: a novel beta-lactam antibiotic with unusual antibacterial activity. | the in vitro activity of ly-127935, a new beta-lactam antibiotic, was examined by using 370 clinical bacterial strains. in comparison with several other beta-lactam agents, ly-127935 was the most inhibitory against the enterobacteriaceae. it was remarkably active against multi-drug-resistant strains of enterobacter spp., serratia spp., and pseudomonas aeruginosa. ly-127935 had four- to eightfold greater activity than did cefoxitin against bacteroides fragilis. production of beta-lactamase by ent ... | 1979 | 315753 |
| penetration of cephalothin and cefoxitin into experimental infections with bacteroides fragilis. | the in vitro activities of cephalothin and cefoxitin against bacteroides fragilis were studied by time-kill curves and measurement of residual drugs in culture supernatants. cefoxitin was bactericidal, causing a decrease of 10(7) in viable counts over 24 hr. cephalothin caused an initial decrease of 10(2) b. fragilis at 2 hr; this change was followed by growth of the organism within 24 hr back to the number present before addition of cephalothin. the concentration of cephalothin in broth decreas ... | 1979 | 318211 |
| cefoxitin therapy for bacterial endocarditis. | of 22 patients who were suspected of having bacterial endocarditis and who were treated with cefoxitin intravenously (8-12 g per day), 12 were evaluated for responses to therapy. ten patients had infections due to a single pathogen, and two had polymicrobial infections. staphylococci were isolated from eight patients, and streptococci from four; both of these pathogens were susceptible to 2-16 micrograms of cefoxitin/ml. staphylococcus aureus and four strains of anaerobic bacteria, including bac ... | 1979 | 318219 |
| the fetid foot: lower-extremity infections in patients with diabetes mellitus. | infections of the lower extremities in patients with diabetes mellitus have been attributed to staphylococcus aureus and other facultatively anaerobic bacteria. however, a review of 30 consecutive diabetics who required surgery for lower-extremity infections revealed that 17 had mixed infections due to both obligate and facultative anaerobes; only six had infections due to s. aureus. mixed infections often had characteristics of anaerobic suppuration and responded poorly to therapy. patients wit ... | 1979 | 318225 |
| in vitro activity of cefoxitin and parenterally administered cephalosporins against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of cefoxitin against 221 recent isolates of anaerobic bacteria was compared with that of cefamandole and cefuroxime by the agar dilution technique. at achievable serum levels of 32 micrograms/ml, all three drugs were active against most groups of anaerobic bacteria tested. cefoxitin was active against most strains of the bacteroides fragilis group, whereas cefamandole and cefuroxime were relatively ineffective. cefoxitin was least active against clostridium species other th ... | 1979 | 318226 |
| liposome-incorporated corticosteroids: i. the interaction of liposomal cortisol palmitate with inflammatory synovial membrane. | cortisol palmitate-containing liposomes were stable in rheumatoid synovial fluid at 37 degrees. two hours after the intra-articular injection of such liposomes into experimentally arthritic rabbits relatively high proportions of the steroid and lecithin components were recovered from the synovialis. the level of cortisol in the tissue at this time was inversely related to the chronicity of the inflammation. it was found also that the degree and duration of the anti-inflammatory activity of the l ... | 1979 | 444417 |
| effects of dialyzable leukocyte extracts with transfer factor activity on leukocyte migration in vitro. 1. antigen-dependent inhibition and antigen-independent inhibition and enhancement of migration. | the effects of dle containing tfd activity from immune human donors on pbl, obtained from individuals nonresponsive to either ppd or cocci antigen, were evaluated in vitro by the agarose lml technique. several different preparations of dle were employed to evaluate the specificity and reproducibility of the effects: (1) from donors skin test positive to ppd but negative to cocci, (2) from donors skin test negative to ppd but positive to cocci, (3) from donors skin test positive to both antigens, ... | 1979 | 429876 |
| [a biomechanical study on the fracture treatment--intravital measurement of the strain on an intramedullary nail in the healing process of the femoral fracture in goats (author's transl)]. | there have been many biomechanical studies throughout the world on the fracture treatment. however, only a few were performed under intravital condition. the purpose of the present study is to measure the successive strength changes of the callus after a fracture, in vivo in an animal. method: specifically designed küntscher nails were made to meet the anterior convexity and the size of the medullary canal of the femora of goats. three self-temperature-compensating semi-conductor strain-gauges w ... | 1979 | 429823 |
| behavioral and electrophysiological effects of unilateral optic tract section in ordinary and siamese cats. | in ordinary cats, section of one optic tract produced a complete contralateral hemianopsia in both eyes. single-unit recordings showed a normal representation of the contralateral nasal retina and ipsilateral temporal retina in the sc on the side of the intact optic tract. in addition, in the rostral portion of this sc there was a representation of a small portion of the contralateral temporal retina. this portion was apposed to the vertical meridian and its width was at most 6 degrees. in the a ... | 1979 | 429613 |
| simulated hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. impaired insulin and epinephrine effects upon lipolysis in the isolated rat fat cell. | these investigations were designed to evaluate the effect of excess glucose and sodium chloride on lipolysis in the isolated adipocyte under normal and modelled pathological conditions simulating the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. isolated rat fat cells were incubated in the presence of various combinations of sodium chloride, glucose, epinephrine, and insulin. lipolysis was measured as glycerol and free fatty acid release, and total medium osmolarity as milliosmoles per liter by freezing ... | 1979 | 429561 |
| activation of membrane-bound glucosylceramide: beta-glucosidase in fibroblasts cultured from normal and glucosylceramidotic human skin. | 1979 | 429368 | |
| the link proteins as specific components of cartilage proteoglycan aggregates in vivo. associative extraction of proteoglycan aggregate from swarm rat chondrosarcoma. | 1979 | 429293 | |
| histochemical and atomic absorption demonstration of trace metal mobilization in the central nervous system and liver of the rat. | histochemical and atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis of trace metal mobilization caused by the action of ethanol in the central nervous system (cns) and liver of the rat is described. histochemically it has been shown that in all neurons examined (motoneurons, pyramidal and purkinje cells) the trace metals (mainly zn2+ and cu2+) are mobilized. most of the stained materials disappear from the perikaryon of the purkinje cells, while in both the motoneurons and the pyramidal cells the tr ... | 1979 | 429206 |
| studies of the antitumor action of 5-fluorouracil (fu). | 1979 | 420946 | |
| neck and macular labyrinthine influences on the purkinje cells of the cerebellar vermis. | 1979 | 551449 | |
| organochlorinated pesticides in the argentine antarctic sector and atlantic coastline waters. | the presence of organochlorinated pesticides in water samples drawn in the argentine antarctic sector and atlantic coastline has been proved. in general, these samples showed quantities that varied between a few hundredths of a ppmm to slightly more than 1 ppmm, although in some cases and for certain pesticides, depending on the locations, the levels found were definitely higher. with the exception of dieldrin, which appeared in only one sample/in what would seem to be its course few hundredths ... | 1979 | 546680 |
| the lipid composition of rat brain aggregating cell cultures during development. | the lipid and fatty acid composition of rat brain was studied during its development both in vivo and in an aggregating cell culture system. although the amount of lipid present in the cultures was very low, the increase in glycolipid content corresponded closely to the period of intense myelin formation. very long chain fatty acids (hydroxylated and unsubstituted) were present in 41-day cultures. in comparison to the in vivo situation, myelination was delayed in vitro and, after 40 days in cult ... | 1979 | 514541 |
| microorganisms seen by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in legionnaires' disease from human lung. | in addition to several anomalous structures, other general forms of definitely rod-shaped microorganisms have been found by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in the lung tissue taken at autopsy from a patient who succumbed to confirmed legionnaires' disease with extensive necrotizing lobar pneumonia. the microorganisms were greatly varied in size and shape. they were micrographed in the act of fission. these forms have been found to some extent throughout the tissue. no nickel was de ... | 1979 | 499405 |
| the origin of two components in contraction of guinea pig papillary muscle in the presence of noradrenaline. | in experiments on isolated guinea pig papillary muscles the effects of verapamil (5 mg/l) and caffeine (1 g/l) on the two-component contraction were investigated. the muscles were continuously superfused with normal tyrode's solution containing 2 mg of noradrenaline/l at 20--22 degrees c. the first derivative of contractile response and transmembrane action potential were simultaneously recorded. verapamil suppressed the amplitude of the second component and had no influence on the first compone ... | 1979 | 497900 |
| effect of alcohol on thermal balance of man in cold water. | the effects of alcohol on core cooling rates (rectal and tympanic), skin temperatures, and metabolic rate were determined for 10 subjects rendered hypothermic by immersion for 45 min in 10 degrees c water. experiments were duplicated with and without a 20-min period of exercise at the beginning of cold water immersion. measurements were continued during rewarming in a hot bath. with blood alcohol concentrations averaging 82 mg 100 ml-1, core cooling rates and changes in skin temperatures were in ... | 1979 | 497899 |
| preservation of binocularity after monocular deprivation in the striate cortex of kittens treated with 6-hydroxydopamine. | the results of single unit recordings from area 17 of monocularly deprived kittens were compared with similar ones from littermates who had been monocularly lid-sutured for the same period of time, but who had in addition been given intraventricular injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda) to deplete brain catecholamines. this visual cortices of all catecholamine-depleted kittens showed high proportions of binocular neurons, in contrast to the control group, a majority of whose visual cortical n ... | 1979 | 429612 |
| decreased heat-labile opsonic activity and complement levels associated with evidence of c3 breakdown products in infected pleural effusions. | heat-labile opsonic activity was measured simultaneously in serum and pleural fluid of patients with transudates, infectious exudates (with positive or negative bacterial culture) and neoplastic exudates, using two different complement-dependent phagocytic tests: the killing of staphylococcus aureus wood 46 variant strain (k50 opsonic titers) and the assessment of ingestion rate of endotoxin-coated paraffin particles (oil red 0 uptake test). k50 opsonic titers were lower in culture-positive pleu ... | 1979 | 429556 |
| n,n-dimethylformamide-induced alteration of cell culture characteristics and loss of tumorigenicity in cultured human colon carcinoma cells. | human colon carcinoma cell lines established in this laboratory were treated in vitro with n,n-dimethylformamide. this polar solvent caused morphological changes in the cells as well as alterations in their growth properties. untreated cells had cloning efficiencies of up to 77% in soft agar; treatment with n,n-dimethylformamide resulted in a complete loss of clonogenicity in semisolid medium. growth in the presence of the polar solvent also effected a marked reduction in the tumorigenicity of t ... | 1979 | 427742 |
| the isolation and identification of bacteroides spp. from the normal human faecal flora. | gram-negative anaerobic bacilli of the bacteroides group were isolated on an enriched selective medium from specimens of faeces from 20 normal healthy adults and identified by conventional bacteriological methods. a heavy growth of bacteroides spp. was obtained from all specimens and 10 representative colonies from each subject were identified. most isolates (84%) belonged to the b. fragilis group. the commonest species identified in this group were b vulgatus and b. thetaiotaomicron (22% each), ... | 1980 | 6102157 |
| the isolation and identification of bacteroides ssp. from the normal human vaginal flora. | the occurrence of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli in the normal vaginal flora was studied in 20 normal healthy women attending a family-planning clinic. a swab was taken from the cervix and posterior fornix and bacteroides spp. were isolated on a selective medium from 13 (65%) subjects. a heavy growth of bacteroides was obtained from 11 specimens but only a few colonies were isolated from two specimens. where possible, 10 representative colonies from each subject were studied and 113 isolates we ... | 1980 | 6102158 |
| the isolation and identification of bacteroides spp. from the normal human gingival flora. | gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were isolated on an enriched selective medium from specimens of subgingival plaque from 20 normal, healthy adults without periodontal disease. a heavy growth of bacteroides and fusobacterium spp. was obtained from all specimens and 10 representative colonies from each subject were selected for identification by conventional bacteriological methods. results were obtained in these tests with 188 isolates; some strains of the b. melaninogenicus/oralis group would not ... | 1980 | 6102159 |
| bacterial synergy in mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections. | 1980 | 6102668 | |
| bacterial synergy in mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections. | 1980 | 6102719 | |
| opsonization of four bacteroides species: role of the classical complement pathway and immunoglobulin. | previous investigators have suggested that opsonization of two bacteroides species is mediated exclusively by the alternative complement pathway and requires immunoglobulins. in this study, the nature of the opsonic factors in nonimmune human serum for four species of bacteroides was investigated by measuring uptake of [(3)h]thymidine-labeled bacteria by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. normal human serum, c2-deficient serum, immunoglobulin-deficient serum, and serum chelated with ethylene gl ... | 1980 | 6103873 |
| a scheme for the identification of clinical isolates of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli by conventional bacteriological tests. | more than 1000 strains of gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, including reference strains, clinical isolates, and members of the normal flora of the mouth, lower gastro-intestinal tract and vagina of healthy human subjects, were studied by conventional bacteriological methods and by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products in a series of investigations. a short combined set of tests with particular discriminant value was selected, and a scheme for the identification of the species ... | 1980 | 6103963 |
| in vitro inhibition of neisseria gonorrhoeae growth by strict anaerobes. | thirty two anaerobic bacterial strains were screened for their in vitro inhibitory activity toward 21 neisseria gonorrhoeae strains, including two penicillin-resistant strains. from this screening, six anaerobic bacteria belonging to the genera bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, and eubacterium were selected for their large antigonococcal spectrum of activity. the inhibitory activity of these six strains appears to be specific to the gonococcus as a variety of anaerobes and aerobes were not genera ... | 1980 | 6105130 |
| detection of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides melaninogenicus by direct immunofluorescence. | a new diagnostic kit, which contains a polyvalent antiserum for either bacteroides fragilis or bacteroides melaninogenicus, was tested for reliability and specificity on 146 clinical samples of different origin. a correlation between the culture and immunofluorescence was observed for b. fragilis in 87.39% of cases and for b. melaninogenicus in 81.48% of cases. when pure cultures were tested, aerobically as well as anaerobically, false-positive reactions were observed with staphylococci and clos ... | 1980 | 6108969 |
| structural requirements for antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of 7 beta-arylmalonylamino-7 alpha-methoxy-1-oxacephems. | replacement of a sulphur atom by an oxygen at the 1-position of the cephem nucleus generally resulted in fourfold to sixteenfold increase of antibacterial activity in each pair of the structural congeners. however, the increased antibacterial activity caused by the replacement was accompanied by instability to beta-lactamase to some extent, which was due presumably to the increased chemical reactivity of the beta-lactam ring system. the aim of the research effort is to confer beta-lactamase stab ... | 1980 | 6109319 |
| achievements and problems from the view of a physician. | penicillin made possible the cure of many common, and also the most serious, infections, such as meningococcal meningitis and bacterial endocarditis, often with few or no sequelae. endocarditis had been invariably fatal. semisynthetic penicillins added new dimensions of convenience of administration and a broader spectrum in the presence of many beta-lactamases. a quantum step forward was permitted by the derivatives of cephalosporin c. specific clinical advances were (1) the opportunity to use ... | 1980 | 6109321 |
| radioimmunoassay for bacteroides fragilis infections. | radioimmunoassay methods were evaluated for immunoglobulin g and immunoglobulin m antibodies against bacteroides fragilis antigen. of 12 serum samples from patients with b fragilis infections, 9 had higher concentrations of immunoglobulin g antibodies than any from 11 control subjects. of 9 serum samples from infected patients, 6 had higher concentrations of immunoglobulin m than any from control subjects. six serum samples from patients with escherichia coli bacteremia did not contain elevated ... | 1980 | 6164689 |
| changes in macromolecular composition and morphology of bacteroides fragilis cultured in a complex medium. | changes in cell macromolecular composition during different phases of growth correlated with alterations in morphology of the obligately anaerobic bacterium, bacteroides fragilis, grown in a complex medium. | 1980 | 6155104 |
| rifampin and bacteriocin resistance in bacteroides fragilis. | a low-molecular-weight bacteriocin produced by a bacteroides fragilis strain inhibited ribonucleic acid polymerase activity in crude extracts of a susceptible b. fragilis indicator strain. a total of 10 rifampin-resistant mutants of the indicator strain were isolated. nine of the rifampin-resistant mutants were resistant to the bacteriocin, and the other mutant was hypersusceptible. the rifampin- and bacteriocin-resistant mutants all adsorbed approximately the same amount of the bacteriocin as t ... | 1980 | 6156645 |
| immunochemical investigations on bacteroides fragilis antigenic structure. | bacteroides fragilis strain 62/73 was studied. we demonstrated that formation of capsules is not a constant feature of cells of this strain. after chemical treatment we obtained six serologically active substances. the studied strain releases serologically active substances into the culture medium. we also found that endotoxin is the bacterial fraction according to which the strain may be classified to the appropriate serotype. | 1980 | 6158834 |
| specificity of immunoglobulin m antibodies in normal human serum that participate in opsonophagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteroides fragilis and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron by by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | studies were performed to determine the specificity of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies in normal human serum that participate in opsonophagocytosis and intracellular killing of bacteroides fragilis 1365 and bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 1343 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. purified normal human igm was adsorbed with washed heat-killed cells of the homologous strains and heterologous strains of b. fragilis, b. thetaiotaomicron, bacteroides vulgatus, bacteroides distasonis, and bacteroides ... | 1980 | 6160104 |
| [dextran degrading bacteria in rat oral cavity (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 6160188 | |
| the rapid laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic infection. | in order to assess the rapid laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic pyogenic infection, we compared the results of gram stains, ultra-violet fluorescence and gas chromatography, all performed directly on pus, with those of anaerobic culture. fluorescence was most rapid but there were many negatives unless bacteroides melaninogenicus was present. gas chromatography was rapid and sensitive but there were some false negatives, often in pure bacteroides fragilis infection, and a few false positives. gram ... | 1980 | 6161086 |
| modulation of the rats' immune status by monoassociation with anaerobic bacteria. | the capacity of a pure culture of anaerobic intestinal bacteria to influence the host's cellular and humoral immune systems was investigated with germfree, monoassociated, and conventionally reared rats. monoassociation of germfree rats with bacteroides fragilis stimulated the production of serum gamma globulin, agglutinating antibodies, and an apparent igg (immunoelectrophoresis) band. a comparison of the in vitro blastogenic potential of lymphocytes (spleen cells and mesenteric lymph node cell ... | 1980 | 6161685 |
| activity of mecillinam alone and in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics. | the in vitro activities of mecillinam, ticarcillin, cefamandole, and cefoxitin, singly and in all possible combinations, against 53 clinical isolates were studied by a checkerboard method of determining minimal inhibitory concentrations. for selected representative strains, bactericidal activity was determined by minimal bactericidal concentrations and killing curves. mecillinam was the least active antibiotic against gram-positive cocci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacteroides fragilis and the ... | 1980 | 6263179 |
| clavulanic acid and cp-45,899: a comparison of their in vitro activity in combination with penicillins. | 1980 | 6247316 | |
| cp-45,899 in combination with penicillin or ampicillin against penicillin-resistant staphylococcus, haemophilus influenzae, and bacteroides. | cp-45,899 is a new, semisynthetic beta-lactamase inhibitor. when tested alone, cp-45,899 displayed only weak antibacterial activity, with the notable exception of its potent action against penicillin-susceptible and -resistant neisseria gonorrhoeae. a combination of 3.12 microgram of cp-45,899 per ml with 3.12 microgram of ampicillin per ml, tested in broth cultures, inhibited ca. 90% of resistant staphylococcus and haemophilus influenzae strains; similar data were obtained in a variety of media ... | 1980 | 6249192 |
| comparison of moxalactam (ly127935) and cefotaxime against anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activities of moxalactam (ly127935 [6059s]) and cefotaxime were compared with those of cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefuroxime, carbenicillin, and penicillin by agar dilution susceptibility testing of a variety of anaerobic bacteria. moxalactam proved to be the most active agent tested against bacteroides fragilis and other species of the b. fragilis group. moxalactam and cefotaxime showed activity similar to the other drugs against the remaining species of bacteroides, fusobacterium, ac ... | 1980 | 6249198 |
| hydrolysis of cefotaxime by a beta-lactamase from bacteroides fragilis. | a beta-lactamase isolated from a strain of bacteroides fragilis subsp. fragilis possessed hydrolytic activity toward cefotaxime. this antibiotic was degraded to a lower extent than was cephalothin, cephaloridine, and cefamandole, whereas cefoxitin remained unaffected by the enzyme. kinetic parameters vmax and km for cefotaxime were calculated at 0.172 mumol/min and 1.1 x 10(-2) mm, respectively. | 1980 | 6250465 |
| purification of glycoside hydrolases from bacteroides fragilis. | six glycoside hydrolases in the culture medium of bacteroides fragilis--alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, beta-galactosidase, beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase, and alpha-l-fucosidase-were systematically purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration chromatography, and density gradient isoelectric focusing. the isoelectric focusing resolved the glycosidases into distinct, well-separated fractions and revealed three differently charged forms of beta-n-acetylglucosa ... | 1980 | 6250477 |
| an experimental study of the relationship between synergistic wound sepsis and suture materials. | in wounds on the back of guinea-pigs an inoculum of 6 x 10(5) of escherichia coli and of bacteroides fragilis produced a frank infection rate of 27 per cent. addition of a catgut or a braided nylon tie statistically significantly increased the rate to 56 and 48 per cent respectively. prolene and silk produced much smaller, non-significant rises. the rate with polyglycolic acid was 18 per cent which, though not statistically significant, suggests the possibility that this material produces condit ... | 1980 | 6253005 |
| relationship between metronidazole metabolism and bactericidal activity. | it has been suggested that the microbicidal effect of metronidazole is mediated by an intermediate in nitro group reduction. we have found that the addition of escherichia coli enhances the lethal effect of metronidazole on bacillus fragilis and suggest that this intermediate may form in one bacteria and kill another. because acetamide forms during the reduction of metronidazole, we examined the possibility that the same partially reduced intermediate in metronidazole reduction may be both an in ... | 1980 | 6255861 |
| synergistic activity of piperacillin in combination with beta-lactamase inhibitors. | clavulanic acid and a penicillanic acid sulfone, when combined individually with piperacillin, synergistically inhibited various enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus aureus, and bacteroides fragilis. clavulanic acid and piperacillin synergistically inhibited 91 of 170 (55%) isolates tested. synergy was most often found against piperacillin-resistant bacteria: 65 of 69 isolates (94%). although the penicillanic acid sulfone acted synergistically with piperacillin, inhibiting 62 of 170 strains (33%), ... | 1980 | 6255862 |
| methods for testing antibiotic sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria. | problems are still encountered in the performance and interpretation of tests of anaerobe sensitivity to antibiotics. a review of the methods currently used was carried out in order to determine factors modifying the activity of antibiotics. the sensitivity of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and clostridium perfringens to various drugs was tested under different conditions (including different culture media and incubation atmospheres). gentamicin and kanamycin showed no activity in tests ... | 1980 | 6256293 |
| [susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cefoxitin (author's transl)]. | nine strains of clostridium perfringens type a and 10 strains of bacteroïdes fragilis s. spec. fragilis, recently isolated from blood culture, were tested for their cefoxitin susceptibility. the mic for clostridium perfringens ranged from 0,6 to 5 mg/l and 1,2 to 10 mg/l for bacteroïdes fragilis. in most cases, the mbc were identical with the mic for clostridium perfringens, but for bact. frag. there was a difference of 2 dilutions in their mbc. cefoxitin activity was not modified by a variation ... | 1980 | 6256880 |
| [antibacterial activity of cefoperazone against anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)]. | the following results were obtained from the comparison of cefoperazone (cpz) with cefazolin (cez), cephalothin (cet) and cefoxitin (cfx) in respect to their antibacterial action against anaerobic bacteria: 1) cpz showed an antibacterial spectrum which was comparable to those of the known antibiotics, cez, cet and cfx. cpz was particularly effective against anaerobic gram-positive bacteria. 2) cpz showed a distribution of susceptibility against clinically isolated strains which was comparable to ... | 1980 | 6454011 |
| [anaerobic nonspore-forming bacteria in fecal flora of man. ii. representation of species of the genera bifidobacterium and bacteriodes (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 6445781 | |
| a study of the in vitro activity of cefoperazone: a comparison with other beta-lactam antibiotics. | 1980 | 6446391 | |
| susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to cefoperazone and other beta-lactam antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of cefoperazone was tested against 155 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and compared to that of cefoxitin, ly127935 (moxalactam), cefotaxime, cefamandole, and cephalothin. against the bacteroides fragilis group, the compound was as active as ly127935, but less active than cefoxitin. cefotaxime was less active than cefoperazone, cefoxitin, and ly127935. cefoperazone, as well as cefoxitin, ly127935, and cefotaxime, exhibited excellent activity against all other anaerob ... | 1980 | 6446396 |
| susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria in vitro to 23 antimicrobial agents. | 589 isolates of anaerobic bacteria, including 127 isolates of bacterioides fracilis, were tested against 23 antimicrobial agents. at their usually achievable serum levels, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, mezlocillin and piperacillin; cefoxitin, minocycline, doxycycline, clindamycin, chloramphenicol and rifampin were effective against more than 80% of b. fragilis isolates. at usual therapeutic doses, penicillin (pen), ampicillin (amp), cyclacillin (cyc), cephalothin (ct), cefazolin (cz), cephradine ( ... | 1980 | 6446448 |
| cefoperazone (t-1551), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin: comparison with cephalothin and gentamicin. | the in vitro activity of cefoperazone (t-1551) against almost 9,000 recent clinical isolates at six institutions was tested and compared with that of cephalothin and gentamicin. the modal minimum inhibitory concentrations of cefoperazone were 16- and 4-fold less than those of cephalothin and gentamicin, respectively, against 5,503 strains of enterobacteriaceae. species normally resistant to cephalothin, such as indole-positive protease and enterobacters, were almost universally susceptible to ce ... | 1980 | 6446879 |