Publications

facile synthesis of multifunctional multi-walled carbon nanotube for pathogen vibrio alginolyticus detection in fishery and environmental samples.	interest in carbon nanotubes for detecting the presence of pathogens arises because of developments in chemical vapor deposition synthesis and progresses in biomolecular modification. here we reported the facile synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts), which functioned as immuno-, magnetic, fluorescent sensors in detecting vibrio alginolyticus (va). the structures and properties of functionalized mwcnts were characterized by ultraviolet (uv), fourier transform infrared spectra (ft-ir ...	2014	25059166
proteomic investigation of vibrio alginolyticus challenged caenorhabditis elegans revealed regulation of cellular homeostasis proteins and their role in supporting innate immune system.	caenorhabditis elegans has been the preferred model system for many investigators to study pathogenesis. in the present investigation, regulation of c. elegans proteome was explored against v. alginolyticus infection using quantitative proteomics approach. proteins were separated using 2d-dige and the differentially regulated proteins were identified using pmf and maldi tof/tof analysis. the results thus obtained were validated using western blotting for candidate proteins. the corresponding tra ...	2014	25044714
occurrence of virulence genes among vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from treated wastewaters.	pathogenic vibrio species are an important cause of foodborne illnesses. the aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of potentially pathogenic vibrio species in the final effluents of a wastewater treatment plant and the risk that they may pose to public health. during the 1-year monitoring, a total of 43 vibrio strains were isolated: 23 vibrio alginolyticus, 1 vibrio cholerae, 4 vibrio vulnificus, and 15 vibrio parahaemolyticus. the pcr investigation of v. parahaemolyticus and v. chole ...	2014	25023745
genome sequences characterizing five mutations in rna polymerase and major capsid of phages ϕa318 and ϕas51 of vibrio alginolyticus with different burst efficiencies.	the burst size of a phage is important prior to phage therapy and probiotic usage. the efficiency for a phage to burst its host bacterium can result from molecular domino effects of the phage gene expressions which dominate to control host machinery after infection. we found two podoviridae phages, ϕa318 and ϕas51, burst a common host v. alginolyticus with different efficiencies of 72 and 10 pfu/bacterium, respectively. presumably, the genome sequences can be compared to explain their difference ...	2014	24952762
molecular characterization, expression and function analysis of a five-domain kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor from pearl oyster pinctada fucata.	serine proteinase inhibitors represent an expanding superfamily of endogenous inhibitors that are regulate proteolytic events and involved in a variety of physiological and immunological processes. a five-domain kazal-type serine proteinase inhibitor (pokspi) was identified and characterized from pearl oyster pinctada fucata based on expressed sequence tag (est) analysis. the full-length cdna was 737 bp with an open reading frame (orf) 660 bp encoding a 219 amino acid protein a theoretical molec ...	2014	24378679
dynamics of self-organized rotating spiral-coils in bacterial swarms.	self-propelled particles (spp) exhibit complex collective motions, mimicking autonomous behaviors that are often seen in the natural world, but essentially are generated by simple mutual interactions. previous research on spp systems focuses on collective behaviors of a uniform population. however, very little is known about the evolution of individual particles under the same global influence. here we show self-organized rotating spiral coils in a two-dimensional (2d) active system. by using sw ...	2014	24837552
transgenic expression of salmon delta-5 and delta-6 desaturase in zebrafish muscle inhibits the growth of vibrio alginolyticus and affects fish immunomodulatory activity.	marine fish are an important nutritional source for highly polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas). pufa biosynthesis requires the following key enzymes: delta-4 (δ-4) desaturase, delta-5 (δ-5) desaturase, delta-6 (δ-6) desaturase, delta-5 (δ-5) elongase, and delta-6 (δ-6) elongase. the effect of overexpressing delta-5 desaturase and/or delta-6 desaturase in zebrafish muscle has not previously been reported. herein, we investigated the effects of these proteins on antibacterial and immunomodulatory ...	2014	24811009
molecular characterization and functional analysis of two distinct liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (leap-2) genes in large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea).	liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (leap-2) plays a vital role in the host innate immune system. in the present study, two leap-2 genes (lcleap-2a and lcleap-2c) from large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea) were cloned, both of which consist of 3 exons and 2 introns. the lcleap-2a transcripts were expressed in a wide range of tissues, with the highest mrna levels found in the liver and intestine, while lcleap-2c transcripts showed obvious lower mrna levels in all tested tissues compared ...	2014	24727197
shrimp that have received carrageenan via immersion and diet exhibit immunocompetence in phagocytosis despite a post-plateau in immune parameters.	the effect of carrageenan on the immune response of white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei, was studied in vitro and in vivo. shrimp haemocytes receiving carrageenan at 1 mg ml⁻¹ experienced change in cell size, reduction in cell viability, increase in po activity, serine proteinase activity, and rb in vitro. shrimp received carrageenan via immersion at 200, 400 and 600 mg l⁻¹ after 3 h and orally at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g kg⁻¹ after 3 weeks showed higher proliferation of haematopoietic tissues (hpts) to ...	2014	24361621
putative apolipoprotein a-i, natural killer cell enhancement factor and lysozyme g are involved in the early immune response of brown-marbled grouper, epinephelus fuscoguttatus, forskal, to vibrio alginolyticus.	the gram-negative bacterium, vibrio alginolyticus, has frequently been identified as the pathogen responsible for the infectious disease called vibriosis. this disease is one of the major challenges facing brown-marbled grouper aquaculture, causing fish farmers globally to suffer substantial economic losses. the objective of this study was to investigate the proteins involved in the immune response of brown-marbled grouper fingerlings during their initial encounter with pathogenic organisms. to ...	2014	24304156
the language of dementia in the elderly: a pilot study.		2014	4052318
evaluating a restrictive formulary system by assessing nonformulary-drug requests.	nonformulary-drug requests were used to evaluate a restrictive formulary system in a large university hospital, and a telephone survey of eight similar hospitals was conducted to assess the restrictiveness of their formulary systems. nonformulary-drug requests were evaluated by two drug information pharmacists over a 12-month period (january-december 1984) to assess the frequency with which nonformulary items were ordered, the costs associated with the procurement of nonformulary drug products, ...	2014	4025350
british medical association attacks cigarette smoking.		2014	3978493
activities of the modified polyene n-d-ornithyl amphotericin methyl ester and the azoles ici 153066, bay n 7133, and bay l 9139 compared with those of amphotericin b and ketoconazole in the therapy of experimental blastomycosis.	we studied the efficacy of new experimental antifungal drugs, which represent molecular modifications of present active agents, in a murine model of blastomycosis. ketoconazole, previously the best azole drug studied and which is protective when administered orally, was superior to a new oral imidazole, bay l 9139, and a new oral triazole, bay n 7133. a new oral triazole, ici 153066, was markedly more effective than ketoconazole and is the only oral drug studied which came close to producing com ...	2014	3994350
letter: "febrile convulsions".		2014	4128751
[electromyography of the perineal plane with cutaneous electrodes in routine urodynamic examinations].		2014	4081958
myocardial cell damage in "stone hearts".		2014	4277587
myocardial cell damage in "stone hearts".		2014	4277587
[autotransfusion through acute, preoperative hemodilution --1st clinical experiences].		2014	4464408
perception of sign language of the deaf.		2014	4099482
receptive-field symmetry probed using converging gratings.	contrast-sensitivity functions (csf's) for converging and diverging gratings were obtained under voluntary fixation at several field widths and under retinal stabilization at one field width. in general, these types of gratings had similar csf's at all temporal frequencies tested, a result that can be explained by plausible spatiotemporal receptive-field models possessing spatial antisymmetry but not by models possessing pure (even) spatial symmetry. phase condition at the central line in conver ...	2014	3973760
[mechanisms of adaptation to physical exertion in patients with an expiratory obstructive syndrome].		2014	4096445
editorial: universities and medical schools.		2014	4134682
determination of gabapentin in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography and pre-column labelling for ultraviolet detection.		2014	4030992
the prevention of dental caries by mouthrinsing with solutions of neutral sodium fluoride.		2014	4149260
[pacemaker implantation in infants and children for atrioventricular block].		2014	3819491
luyso-pallido-nigral atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	the clinical and pathologic findings in a 34-year-old woman with basal ganglia degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are reported. the duration of symptoms was 2 years. a maternal uncle had a parkinsonian syndrome with onset at 45 years of age. neuropathologic examination revealed extensive neuronal loss and gliosis in the corpus luysii. nerve cell loss and gliosis also involved both parts of the globus pallidus, and the substantia nigra. the corticospinal tracts were demyelinated in th ...	2014	3993336
a computer-analyzed data collection system for nurse-midwifery services. two years' experience.		2014	3938482
[on aplasia of the abdominal muscles. case reports].		2014	4255248
[on aplasia of the abdominal muscles. case reports].		2014	4255248
letter: brain-levels of monoamine oxidase in depression.		2014	4136104
[determination of anionic surface-active substances in the blood serum by a colorimetric method].		2014	3957060
effect of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. veterans administration cooperative study on antihypertensive agents. effect on the electrocardiogram.		2014	4269435
evoked potentials in handicapped children.		2014	4255252
evoked potentials in handicapped children.		2014	4255252
[new studies on a relationship between hemoglobins and rhesus factors in africans].		2014	4308643
[new studies on a relationship between hemoglobins and rhesus factors in africans].		2014	4308643
crisis-oriented therapy.		2014	4094611
metoclopramide in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.	cardiovascular and plasma catecholamine responses to metoclopramide (mcp), a dopamine antagonist, were examined in 5 patients with pheochromocytoma, 12 patients with essential hypertension (eht) and 9 normotensive (nt) subjects who displayed symptoms suggestive of pheochromocytoma on a constant daily intake of 100 meq sodium and 80 meq potassium. significant pressor responses to intravenous doses of 5 mg of mcp, which produced no serious pressor episodes and no other undesirable side effects, we ...	2014	4057555
draft genome sequences of vibrio sp. strains isolated from tetrodotoxin-bearing scavenging gastropod.	vibrio sp. strains jcm 18905 and jcm 19053 were isolated from a tetrodotoxin (ttx)-bearing scavenging gastropod, and vibrio sp. strain jcm 18904 was isolated from a sea cucumber. all these are closely related to vibrio alginolyticus. their comparative genome information is useful for studies of ttx production in bacteria.	2014	24948773
the treatment of acne.		2014	4222949
transcriptome analysis of the effect of vibrio alginolyticus infection on the innate immunity-related complement pathway in epinephelus coioides.	orange-spotted grouper (epinephelus coioides) with protogynous hermaphroditic features are one of the most economically important aquaculture species in taiwan. however, larvae stage grouper are susceptible to infection by the bacterial pathogen vibrio alginolyticus. to better understand the molecular mechanisms of the immune response to v. alginolyticus in epinephelus coioides larvae, we used high-throughput deep sequencing technology to study the effect of infection on gene expression.	2014	25496447
spalf4: a newly identified anti-lipopolysaccharide factor from the mud crab scylla paramamosain with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.	anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (alfs) are antimicrobial peptides with binding and neutralizing activities to lipopolysaccharide (lps) in crustaceans. this study identified and characterized a novel alf homolog (spalf4) from the mud crab scylla paramamosain. the complete cdna of spalf4 had 756 bp with a 381 bp open reading frame encoding a protein with 126 aa. the deduced protein contained a signal peptide and a lps-binding domain. spalf4 shared the highest identity with ptalf5 at amino acid lev ...	2014	24239582
choosing medicine.		2014	4121954
disorders of lipid metabolism.		2014	4217183
acupuncture analgesia in dentistry.		2014	4111845
ole modifications of the disabled male.		2014	4229807
[problem of transfusion hepatitis in public health service].		2014	4234419
effects of hot-water extract of banana (musa acuminata) fruit's peel on the antibacterial activity, and anti-hypothermal stress, immune responses and disease resistance of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbegii.	the hot-extracts isolated from fruit's peel of banana, musa acuminata, was evaluated on the antibacterial activity to pathogens from aquatic animals, and immunostimulating potential, disease resistance and anti-hypothermal stress in giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii through injection administration. the banana peel extract (bpe) showed good activity against 1 gram-positive and 3 gram-negative pathogens, including lactococcus garvieae, photobacteria damsella, vibrio alginolyticus ...	2014	24906123
development and characterization of a novel bioactive polymer with antibacterial and lysozyme-like activity.	the development and characterization of a novel bioactive polymer based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase enzyme (gox) in a polyvinyl alcohol (pva) film showing antibacterial activity is presented. the pva-gox composite material was extensively characterized by uv-vis, x-ray photoelectron (xps) spectroscopy and by fourier transform infrared (ftir) spectroscopy to verify the preservation of enzyme structural integrity and activity. the antimicrobial activity of this composite material agai ...	2014	23996728
development and evaluation of a real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay integrated on a microfluidic disc chip (on-chip lamp) for rapid and simultaneous detection of ten pathogenic bacteria in aquatic animals.	rapid, low-cost, and user-friendly strategies are urgently needed for early disease diagnosis and timely treatment, particularly for on-site screening of pathogens in aquaculture. in this study, we successfully developed a real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay integrated on a microfluidic disc chip (on-chip lamp), which was capable of simultaneously detecting 10 pathogenic bacteria in aquatic animals, i.e., nocardia seriolae, pseudomonas putida, streptococcus iniae, ...	2014	24954661
characteristic and functional analysis of a ficolin-like protein from the oyster crassostrea hongkongensis.	ficolins are a group of soluble animal proteins with multiple roles in innate immunity. these proteins recognize and bind carbohydrates in pathogens and activate the complement system, leading to opsonization, leukocyte activation, and direct pathogen killing, which have been reported in many animal species but might not be present in the shellfish lineage. in the present study, we identified the first fibrinogen-related protein from the oyster, crassostrea hongkongensis. this novel ficolin-like ...	2014	25120216
occurrence of vibrio and salmonella species in mussels (mytilus galloprovincialis) collected along the moroccan atlantic coast.	this study reports the occurrence of different vibrio and salmonella species in 52 samples of mytilus galloprovincialis collected from four sites along the atlantic coast between agadir and essaouira (anza, cap ghir, imssouane and essaouira). the level of escherichia coli (e. coli) was also determined to evaluate the degree of microbial pollution in the investigated areas. in this study three methods were used : afnor nf en iso 6579 v08-013 for salmonella spp., the provisional method routinely u ...	2014	24936389
ptserpin from the swimming crab portunus trituberculatus, a putative regulator of prophenoloxidase activation with antibacterial activity.	serpin or serine protease inhibitor is the largest family of protease inhibitors involved in many innate immune pathways, particularly the prophenoloxidase (propo) activating system in arthropod. here, we report the molecular and functional characterization of ptserpin identified from the swimming crab portunus trituberculatus. the genomic sequence encoding mature peptide of ptserpin gene contained two exons of 84 and 1098 bp separated by one intron of 111 bp. the recombinant ptserpin (rptserpin ...	2014	24861890
dynamics of an interactive network composed of a bacterial two-component system, a transporter and k+ as mediator.	kdpd and kdpe form a histidine kinase/response regulator system that senses k(+) limitation and induces the kdpfabc operon, which encodes a high-affinity k(+) uptake complex. to define the primary stimulus perceived by kdpd we focused in this study on the dynamics of the kdp response. escherichia coli cells were subjected to severe k(+) limitation, and all relevant parameters of the kdp response, i.e., levels of kdpfabc transcripts and kdpfabc proteins, as well as extra- and intracellular k(+) c ...	2014	24586952
construction of functional fragments of the cytoplasmic loop with the c-terminal region of poma, a stator component of the vibrio na+ driven flagellar motor.	the membrane motor proteins, poma (polar flagellar motility protein a) and pomb (polar flagellar motility protein b), of vibrio alginolyticus form a stator complex that converts energy from the ion flow to mechanical work in bacterial flagellar motors. the cytoplasmic domain of poma is believed to interact with the rotor protein flig to make a torque. in this study, to investigate the function of the cytoplasmic domain of poma, we constructed a series of fragments that flank the cytoplasmic loop ...	2014	24398784
cloning and immune characterization of the c-type lysozyme gene in red-spotted grouper, epinephelus akaara.	lysozyme is an important component of the innate immune response against pathogen infection. the gene coding for c-type lysozyme in red-spotted grouper epinephelus akaara was cloned and designated eaclys. the complete cdna contains a 432 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 144 amino acids displaying 65-91% similarity with the amino acid sequences of human, mouse, chicken, and fish counterparts. recombinant eaclys (reaclys) was expressed in escherichia coli, displayed antibacterial activi ...	2014	24239919
bacterial motility patterns reveal importance of exploitation over exploration in marine microhabitats. part i: theory.	bacteria use different motility patterns to navigate and explore natural habitats. however, how these motility patterns are selected, and what their benefits may be, are not understood. in this article, we analyze the effect of motility patterns on a cell's ability to migrate in a chemical gradient and to localize at the top of the gradient, the two most important characteristics of bacterial chemotaxis. we will focus on two motility patterns, run-tumble and run-reverse-flick, that are observed ...	2014	25296325
occurrence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from seawater organisms caught in campania region: preliminary study.	environmental contamination by pharmaceuticals is a public health concern: drugs administered to humans and animals are excreted with urine or faeces and attend the sewage treatment. the main consequences of use and abuse of antibiotics is the development and diffusion of antibiotic resistance that has become a serious global problem. aim of the study is to evaluate the presence of antimicrobial residues and to assess the antimicrobial resistance in bacteria species isolated from different wild ...	2014	25027759
identification of a c-type lectin with antiviral and antibacterial activity from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei.	c-type lectins (ctls) play crucial roles in innate immune responses in invertebrates by recognizing and eliminating microinvaders. in this study, a ctl from pacific white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei (lvctl3) was identified. lvctl3 contains a single c-type lectin-like domain (ctld), which shows similarities to those of other shrimp ctls and has a mutated 'epd' motif in ca(2+)-binding site 2. lvctl3 mrna can be detected in all tested tissues and expression of lvctl3 in gills was up-regulated after ...	2014	24792214
antiadhesive activity of poly-hydroxy butyrate biopolymer from a marine brevibacterium casei msi04 against shrimp pathogenic vibrios.	vibrio pathogens are causative agents of mid-culture outbreaks, and early mortality syndrome and secondary aetiology of most dreadful viral outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture. among the pathogenic vibrios group, vibrio alginolyticus and v. harveyi are considered as the most significant ones in the grow-out ponds of giant black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon in india. use of antibiotics was banned in many countries due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and accumulation of residual antib ...	2014	25115578
antibacterial efficacy of recombinant siganus oramin l-amino acid oxidase expressed in pichia pastoris.	siganus oraminl-amino acid oxidase is a novel natural protein (named sr-laao) isolated from serum of the rabbitfish (s. oramin), which showed antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and had a lethal effect on the parasites cryptocaryon irritans, trypanosoma brucei brucei and ichthyophthirius multifiliis. in order to test whether recombinant sr-laao (rsr-laao) produced by the eukaryotic expression system also has antimicrobial activity, the yeast pichia pastor ...	2014	25238719
liposome-encapsulated cinnamaldehyde enhances zebrafish (danio rerio) immunity and survival when challenged with vibrio vulnificus and streptococcus agalactiae.	cinnamaldehyde, which is extracted from cinnamon, is a natural compound with activity against bacteria and a modulatory immune function. however, the antibacterial activity and immunostimulation of cinnamaldehyde in fish has not been well investigated due to the compound's poor water solubility. thus, liposome-encapsulated cinnamaldehyde (lec) was used to evaluate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on in vitro antibacterial activity against aquatic pathogens and in vivo immunity and protection parame ...	2014	24632045
the identification of the first molluscan akirin2 with immune defense function in the hong kong oyster crassostrea hongkongensis.	the akirin protein is a nuclear factor in the innate immune system that is highly conserved from insects to mammals and plays key roles in diverse biological processes, including immunity, myogenesis, development and the cellular stress response. however, the function of akirins in mollusk, the second most diverse group of animals, is still poorly understood. in this study, we report the discovery of an akirin2 gene homolog (chakirin2) and its biological functions in the hong kong oyster crassos ...	2014	25284180
genomic characterization and expression analysis of five novel il-17 genes in the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas.	interleukin-17 (il-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in clearing extracellular bacteria and contributes to the pathology of many autoimmune and allergic conditions. in the present study, five novel il-17 homologs were identified by searching and analyzing the pacific oyster genome. all six cgil-17 members (including a previously reported homolog) contained four conserved cysteines that were used in the formation of disulfide bonds. phylogenetic analysis showed that a ...	2014	25090939
a chimeric siderophore halts swarming vibrio.	some bacteria swarm under some circumstances; they move rapidly and collectively over a surface. in an effort to understand the molecular signals controlling swarming, we isolated two bacterial strains from the same red seaweed, vibrio alginolyticus b522, a vigorous swarmer, and shewanella algae b516, which inhibits v. alginolyticus swarming in its vicinity. plate assays combined with nmr, ms, and x-ray diffraction analyses identified a small molecule, which was named avaroferrin, as a potent sw ...	2014	24615751
isolation and characterization of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (traf6) from grouper, epinephelus tauvina.	tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (traf6) is one of the key adapter molecules in toll-like receptor signal transduction that triggers downstream cascades involved in innate immunity. in the present study, a traf6 (named as et-traf6) was identified from the marine fish grouper, epinephelus tauvina by race pcr. the full-length cdna of et-traf6 comprised 1949 bp with a 1713 bp open reading frame (orf) that encodes a putative protein of 570 amino acids. similar to most traf6s, et-tr ...	2014	24811008
molecular cloning and characterization of a new g-type lysozyme gene (ec-lysg) in orange-spotted grouper, epinephelus coioides.	lysozyme acts as an innate immunity molecule against pathogen infection. in this study, a new g-type lysozyme gene with a typical g-type lysozyme domain (designated as ec-lysg) was cloned and characterized from the orange-spotted grouper, epinephelus coioides. the full-length ec-lysg cdna contains 1419 bp and encodes a 256-residue protein containing a 25-residue signal peptide at the n-terminus. blast analysis reveals ec-lysg shares 64% identity with siniperca chuatsi, but 63% to another reporte ...	2014	24877656
antibiotic resistance of vibrio species isolated from sparus aurata reared in italian mariculture.	extensive use of antimicrobial agents in finfish farming and the consequent selective pressure lead to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance in aquaculture environment bacteria. vibrio genus represents one of the main pathogens affecting gilthead sea bream. the development of antibiotic resistance by vibrio represents a potential threat to human health by exchange of resistant genes to human pathogens through food chain. the objective of the present study was to conduct a multisite survey on ...	2014	25180847
the first invertebrate rig-i-like receptor (rlr) homolog gene in the pacific oyster crassostrea gigas.	retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptor (rlr) is a pivotal receptor that detects numerous rna and dna viruses and mediates the innate induction of interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines upon viral infection. in the present study, we cloned and characterized the first rig-i gene in a marine mollusk, crassostrea gigas, and designated it as cgrig-i. the full-length cgrig-i cdna is 3436 bp, including 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions (utrs) of 93 bp and 286 bp, respectively, and an op ...	2014	25107697
identification and functional characterization of heat shock transcription factor1 in litopenaeus vannamei.	heat shock transcription factors belong to the heat shock factor (hsf) protein family, which are involved in heat shock protein (hsp) gene regulation. they are critical for cell survival upon exposure to harmful conditions. in this study, we identified and characterized a hsf1 (lvhsf1) gene in litopenaeus vannamei, with a full-length cdna of 2841 bp and an open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 632 amino acids. through multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, it was reve ...	2014	24508618
the first molluscan acute phase serum amyloid a (a-saa) identified from oyster crassostrea hongkongensis: molecular cloning and functional characterization.	serum amyloid a (saa), a major evolutionarily conserved acute-phase protein, participates in many biological processes in eukaryotic cells, including innate immunity. however, little information regarding the relationship between saa and innate immunity in mollusks is currently available. in this report, the first bivalve saa (referred to as chsaa) gene was identified and characterized from the hong kong oyster crassostrea hongkongensis. its full-length cdna is 623 bp, including a 5'-utr of 147 ...	2014	24859593
phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) of marine bacterial origin inhibits quorum sensing mediated biofilm formation in the uropathogen serratia marcescens.	intercellular communication in bacteria (quorum sensing, qs) is an important phenomenon in disease dissemination and pathogenesis, which controls biofilm formation also. this study reports the anti-qs and anti-biofilm efficacy of seaweed gracilaria gracilis associated vibrio alginolyticus g16 against serratia marcescens. purification and mass spectrometric analysis revealed the active principle as phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) [pd]. pd affected the qs regulated virulence factor production i ...	2014	25377484
identification of scara3, scara5 and marco of class a scavenger receptor-like family in pseudosciaena crocea.	the class a scavenger receptors are important pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system in living organisms. according to the whole-genome data of large yellow croaker (pseudosciaena crocea), three kinds of scavenger receptors, scara3, scara5 and marco were cloned from the spleen, designated severally as tycsa3, tycsa5 and tycmac. the complete cdnas open reading frames (orf) of tycsa3, tycsa5 and tycmac were 1938 bp, 1677 bp and 1218 bp (genbank accession no. kj467772, kj467773 a ...	2014	25218683
[the differentiation of specimiens of vibrio parahaemolyticua and vobrio alginolyticus].	vibrio parahaemolyticua and vobrio alginolyticus are phylogenetically closely-related species. they have common ecological niches, same cultural features and similar biochemical characteristics. the phenotype variability and taxonomy similarity of strains of these species impedes differentiation of vibrio parahaemolyticua and vobrio alginolyticus according biochemical characteristics. to obtain reliable results of diagnostic application of additional methods of differentiation and identification ...	2014	25872271
[biological characteristics and histopathological observation of vibrio alginolyticus from diseased fish].	ulcer disease is one of the most serious diseases and a common problem in various stages marine culture including epinephelus coioides culture of southern china. the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria from e. coioides will be useful for monitoring of drug resistance and controlling the outbreak and spread of ulcer disease in e. coioides. the purpose of this study was to characterize the pathogen of e. coioides.	2014	25752145
investigation of possible molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of adhesion in vibrio alginolyticus with comparative transcriptome analysis.	adhesion capability to fish mucus, which can be affected by environmental conditions, is considered to be a key virulence factor of vibrio alginolyticus although the molecular mechanism is still unclear. in the present study, v. alginolyticus was treated with stress conditions including cu(2+) (50 mg/l), pb(2+) (100 mg/l), hg(2+) (50 mg/l) and low ph (ph 5). we found these stress treatments were capable of reducing the adhesion of v. alginolyticus, while the expression levels of multiple genes w ...	2015	25726081
lvdj-1 plays an important role in resistance against vibrio alginolyticus in litopenaeus vannamei.	dj-1 was first identified as an oncogene that transformed mouse nih3t3 cells in cooperation with activated ras. it has since exhibited a variety of functions in a range of organisms. in this study, the dj-1 gene in litopenaeus vannamei (lvdj-1) was identified and characterized. a recombinant protein lvdj-1 was produced in pichia pastoris. lvdj-1 expression in vivo was knocked down by dsrna-mediated rna interference (rnai), which led to significantly decreased levels of lvdj-1 mrna and protein. w ...	2015	25703712
effect of flig three amino acids deletion in vibrio polar-flagellar rotation and formation.	most of bacteria can swim by rotating flagella bidirectionally. the c ring, located at the bottom of the flagellum and in the cytoplasmic space, consists of flig, flim and flin, and has an important function in flagellar protein secretion, torque generation and rotational switch of the motor. flig is the most important part of the c ring that interacts directly with a stator subunit. here, we introduced a three-amino acids in-frame deletion mutation (δpsa) into flig from vibrio alginolyticus, wh ...	2015	26142283
cutaneous ulcer at the site of radiation-induced dermatitis caused by infection with vibrio alginolyticus.		2015	26141002
draft genome sequences of vibrio alginolyticus strains v1 and v2, opportunistic marine pathogens.	we announce the draft genome sequences of vibrio alginolyticus strains v1 and v2, isolated from juvenile sparus aurata and dentex dentex, respectively, during outbreaks of vibriosis. the genome sequences are 5,257,950 bp with a g+c content of 44.5% for v. alginolyticus v1 and 5,068,299 bp with a g+c content of 44.8% for strain v2. these genomes provide further insights into the putative virulence factors, prophage carriage, and evolution of this opportunistic marine pathogen.	2015	26139724
characterization and expression analysis of calmodulin (cam) in orange-spotted grouper (epinephelus coioides) in response to vibrio alginolyticus challenge.	vibrio alginolyticus containing the highly toxic extracellular product is one of the most serious threats to grouper survival and its minimum lethal dose is approximately 500 cfu/g fish body weight in grouper. to study the toxic effects of v. alginolyticus on the immune system in teleost, calmodulin (cam), an important molecular indicator gene, was cloned from the orange-spotted grouper (epinephelus coioides). the full-length ec-cam consisted of a 5'-utr of 103 bp, an orf of 450 bp and a 3'-utr ...	2015	25956977
calmodulin of the tropical sea cucumber: gene structure, inducible expression and contribution to nitric oxide production and pathogen clearance during immune response.	calmodulin (cam) is an essential second messenger protein that transduces calcium signals by binding calcium ions (ca(2+)) and modulating its interactions with various target proteins. in contrast to vertebrates, where cam is well established as a cofactor for ca(2+)-dependent physiological and cellular functions including host defense, there is a paucity of understanding on cam in invertebrates (such as echinoderms) in response to immune challenge or microbial infections. in this study, we obta ...	2015	25913576
a rac1 gtpase is a critical factor in the immune response of shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) to vibrio alginolyticus infection.	the small gtpase rac1 acts as a molecular switch for signal transduction that regulates various cellular functions. however, its functions in crustaceans remain unclear. in this study, a cdna encoding a ras gtpase (lvrac1) in the pacific white shrimp (l. vannamei) was identified and characterized. a recombinant variant of this gtpase, rlvrac1, was expressed in the model organism p. pastoris and its expression was confirmed by mass spectrometry. biochemical assays indicated that the recombinant p ...	2015	25892021
first description and expression analysis of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (traf6) from the swimming crab, portunus trituberculatus.	tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (traf6) is a cytoplasmic adapter protein that mediates signals induced by the tumor necrosis factor receptor (tnfr) superfamily and the interleukin-1 receptor (il-1r). in the present study, the full-length cdna of traf6 (pt-traf6) was identified in a marine crab, portunus trituberculatus. pt-traf6 orf is predicted to encode a 599-amino acid protein, including a ring type zinc finger, two traf-type zinc fingers, and a meprin and traf homology (ma ...	2015	25882635
vaccination of silver sea bream (sparus sarba) against vibrio alginolyticus: protective evaluation of different vaccinating modalities.	in order to develop more effective immunological strategies to prevent vibriosis of farmed marine fish in hong kong and southern china, various vaccine preparations including formalin-, phenol-, chloroform- and heat-killed whole cell bacterins and subcellular lipopolysaccharides (lps), as well as different administration routes, were investigated. fish immunized with the subcellular lps exhibited the best protection [relative percent of survival (rps) = 100], while fish immunized with whole cell ...	2015	26729096
the srec-i and srec-ii associated with epidermal growth factor in scavenger receptor family are the potential regulative transmembrane receptors in larimichthys crocea.	in innate immunity, the regulation of the immunologic gene expression plays a vital role in defense against pathogenic threat. the class f scavenger receptors (scarfs), a kind of crucial immunologic type i transmembrane receptors, mainly involve in the signal transmission and eliminating pathogens in host immune system. in this study, the srec-i and srec-ii of scarfs in larimichthys crocea (designated as lycsrec1 and lycsrec2 respectively) were first identified, the potential genetic locus relat ...	2015	26343178
molecular characterization of an il-1β gene from the large yellow croaker (larimichthys crocea) and its effect on fish defense against vibrio alginolyticus infection.	interleukin 1β (il-1β), the first interleukin to be characterized, plays a key role in regulating the immune response. in this study, we determined the cdna and genomic dna sequences of the il-1β gene from the large yellow croaker, larimichthys crocea. phylogenetic analysis indicated that the il-1β (lcil-1β) gene was most closely related to that of european seabass (dicentrarchus labrax), sharing 67.8% amino acid identity. in healthy large yellow croaker, lcil-1β transcription was detected in al ...	2015	26018856
deep-sea hydrothermal vent bacteria related to human pathogenic vibrio species.	vibrio species are both ubiquitous and abundant in marine coastal waters, estuaries, ocean sediment, and aquaculture settings worldwide. we report here the isolation, characterization, and genome sequence of a novel vibrio species, vibrio antiquarius, isolated from a mesophilic bacterial community associated with hydrothermal vents located along the east pacific rise, near the southwest coast of mexico. genomic and phenotypic analysis revealed v. antiquarius is closely related to pathogenic vibr ...	2015	25964331
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of vibrio spp. in retail and farm shrimps in ecuador.	the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vibrio spp. in shrimp at retail and in shrimp farms in ecuador and to determine the antimicrobial agent resistance patterns of farm isolates. the presence of genes linked to early mortality syndrome (ems) or acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (ahpnd) also was evaluated. vibrio spp. were isolated from retail shrimps in cuenca, ecuador, and farm shrimps originating from provinces el oro and guayas, ecuador. a total of 229 shrimp sampl ...	2015	26555534
the sea urchin paracentrotus lividus immunological response to chemical pollution exposure: the case of lindane.	in the marine environment organochlorine insecticides can be broadly detected in water, sediments, and biota. these pollutants may have major ecological consequences since they may affect marine organisms and endanger organismal growth, reproduction or survival. in this study we investigated the modification of some sea urchin immunological parameters in response to subchronic lindane (γ-hch) exposure. adult specimens of the sea urchin paracentrotus lividus were exposed to two different concentr ...	2015	25911048
a novel biomarker for marine environmental pollution of pi-class glutathione s-transferase from mytilus coruscus.	glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are the superfamily of phase ii detoxification enzymes that play crucial roles in innate immunity. in this study, a pi-class gst homolog was identified from mytilus coruscus (named as mcgst1, kc525103). the full-length cdna sequence of mcgst1 was 621bp with a 5' untranslated region (utr) of 70bp and a 3'-utr of 201bp. the deduced amino acid sequence was 206 residues in length with theoretical pi/mw of 5.60/23.72kda, containing the conserved g-site and diversifor ...	2015	25910687
a novel innexin2 forming membrane hemichannel exhibits immune responses and cell apoptosis in scylla paramamosain.	innexins are a class of transmembrane proteins that are important for embryonic development, morphogenesis and electrical synapse formation. in the present study, a novel innexin2 gene from scylla paramamosain was named sp-inx2 and characterized. the complete cdna and genomic dna sequences of sp-inx2 were revealed. sp-inx2 mrna transcripts were distributed in various tissues of s. paramamosain and were most abundant in the hemocytes. the sp-inx2 was significantly upregulated in hemocyte, gill an ...	2015	26384843
identification and characterization of three vibrio alginolyticus non-coding rnas involved in adhesion, chemotaxis, and motility processes.	the capability of vibrio alginolyticus to adhere to fish mucus is a key virulence factor of the bacteria. our previous research showed that stress conditions, such as cu(2+), pb(2+), hg(2+), and low ph, can reduce this adhesion ability. non-coding (nc) rnas play a crucial role in regulating bacterial gene expression, affecting the bacteria's pathogenicity. to investigate the mechanism(s) underlying the decline in adhesion ability caused by stressors, we combined high-throughput sequencing with c ...	2015	26217589
dietary supplementation of avicennia marina extract on immune protection and disease resistance in amphiprion sebae against vibrio alginolyticus.	the effect of avicennia marina aqueous leaf extract on innate immune mechanisms such as total white blood cell counts (wbc), serum lysozyme activity, respiratory burst assay, alternative complement (ach50) assay, phagocytic activity assay, disease resistance, gut bacteria, and survival rate of clownfish (amphiprion sebae) against vibrio alginolyticus is reported. healthy fish challenged with v. alginolyticus (1 × 10(7) cells ml(-1)) were fed with diets supplemented (0, 1, 2, and 4%) with a. mari ...	2015	25703711
type vi secretion system toxins horizontally shared between marine bacteria.	the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a widespread protein secretion apparatus used by gram-negative bacteria to deliver toxic effector proteins into adjacent bacterial or host cells. here, we uncovered a role in interbacterial competition for the two t6sss encoded by the marine pathogen vibrio alginolyticus. using comparative proteomics and genetics, we identified their effector repertoires. in addition to the previously described effector v12g01_02265, we identified three new effectors secret ...	2015	26305100
roles of receptor for activated protein kinase c1 for modulating immune responses in white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei.	complementary (c)dna encoding a receptor for activated protein kinase c1 (rack1) messenger (m)rna of the white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei, designated lvrack1, consisted a 1136-bp cdna containing an open reading frame (orf) of 954 bp, a 111-bp 5'-untranslated region (utr), and a 71-bp 3'-utr, which is a 36 kda cytosolic protein, belonging to the trp-asp40 (wd40) family of proteins, characterized by containing seven highly conserved trp-asp40 (wd40) internal repeats, and a poly a tail. the wd rep ...	2015	26297966
three novel toll genes (pttoll1-3) identified from a marine crab, portunus trituberculatus: different tissue expression and response to pathogens.	the toll signaling pathway is one of the most important regulators of the immune response in both vertebrates and invertebrates. herein, three novel toll (pttoll1-3) cdna sequences were cloned from the swimming crab, portunus trituberculatus. pttoll1 has 1003 amino acid residues and consists of an extracellular domain containing 15 leucine-rich repeats (lrrs) and a cytoplasmic toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir) domain of 139 residues. pttoll2 encodes 1196 peptides, with an extracellular domain co ...	2015	26238349
rapid and sensitive detection of vibrio alginolyticus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick targeted to the rpox gene.	vibrio alginolyticus is a major bacterial pathogen causing disease in marine animals. the present study aimed to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (lfd) for rapid and simple visual detection of v. alginolyticus-specific amplicons. the biotin-labeled lamp amplicons from the targeted portion of a gene encoding rpos-like sigma factor (rpox) were generated at 60°c for 1 h and then hybridized with a fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled probe fo ...	2015	26220075
efficacy of chitosan oligosaccharide as aquatic adjuvant administrated with a formalin-inactivated vibrio anguillarum vaccine.	vaccine is one of the efficient candidates to prevent fish disease through activating host immune response in aquaculture. actually, several vaccines are often administered with adjuvants to increase immunostimulation, especially for some water-based formalin-killed vaccines. however, side effects are inevitable after vaccination of some adjuvants. therefore, exploration for effective and harmless aquatic adjuvants is urgently needed. in this study, immunoprotection of a formalin-inactivated vib ...	2015	26476108