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immunoglobulin g antibodies to helicobacter pylori in patients with dyspeptic symptoms investigated by the western immunoblot technique.helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, curved, rod-shaped bacterium known to cause gastritis and to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers. serological testing has recently been proposed as an aid in diagnosis of h. pylori infections. in this study, we used the western immunoblot technique to evaluate the possibility of using one or more of the antigens from h. pylori for this purpose. thirteen major bands and about 30 minor bands could be identified by western blotting whe ...19921629330
acute campylobacter jejuni enteritis in 385 hospitalised patients.twenty healthy controls and 385 adult patients suffering from acute enteritis or gastroenteritis were enrolled for the study of campylobacter jejuni infection over a period of 2 years. thirty five stool samples showed c jejuni on stool culture. the isolation rates were at peak in the monsoon season and from watery and bloody stool specimens. pure c jejuni culture was obtained in 18 of 35 samples; the other 17 samples showed polymicrobial infection or infestation. nine of 35 patients were treated ...19921634481
translocation of campylobacter jejuni across human polarized epithelial cell monolayer cultures.the ability of campylobacter jejuni isolates to translocate across an epithelial cell barrier was investigated by using polarized caco-2 cell monolayers grown on microporous membrane filters. the 4 c. jejuni isolates tested all traversed the caco-2 cell monolayers and displayed similar translocation kinetics. the number of bacteria crossing the polarized cell monolayers continued to increase with time until 4 h after inoculation, at which time a maximum rate of translocation was observed. transm ...19921634802
guillain-barré syndrome associated with high titers of anti-gm1 antibodies.we found high titers of anti-gm1 antibodies (1/1280 or more) in 3 of 14 consecutive patients (21%) with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and in 2 additional patients who developed gbs, 10-11 days after starting parenteral treatment with gangliosides. antibodies were igg in 4 patients and igm in one, and they all bound to asialo-gm1, and, in 3, to gd1b as well. although the clinical features in all the patients with high anti-gm1 titers fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of gbs and in 4 of the ...19921634903
guillain-barré syndrome and campylobacter jejuni/coli. 19921641258
an outbreak of poisoning from penicillium cyclopium contaminated dried persimmon.it is the first report of an outbreak of 114 food-poisoning cases due to consumption of penicillium cyclopium contaminated dried persimmon. gastralgia, diarrhea, dizziness and general malaise are chief symptoms of the poisoning, with incubation period of 2-6 hrs generally and a short disease period (generally recovered within 2-3 days). no enteropathogenic organism, pathogenic coccus and campylobacter jejuni were detected. surface fungi counts were 49,000/g, 21.3 times of that discovered in the ...19921642784
the e-test and campylobacter jejuni.the e-test is a recently introduced method for performing antimicrobial susceptibility tests. we compared the e-test to the broth microdilution test and to the standard agar dilution test by using five antimicrobial agents tested against 55 clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni from 11 locations in usa (group 1). later, we selected 30 strains (group 2), which were more resistant than the original survey isolates. erythromycin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were tested on both groups of org ...19921643827
lack of colonization of 1 day old chicks by viable, non-culturable campylobacter jejuni.seven strains of campylobacter jejuni, isolated from various sources [human (n = 2), chicken (n = 3), water (n = 2)], were studied under starvation conditions in filter-sterilized and pasteurized surface water by acridine orange direct count (aodc), viable count (dvc) and culture methods. plate counts showed a rapid decline (2 log-units/day) for all strains under these conditions. only one of the seven strains (14%) showed a (prolonged) viable, non-culturable 'state'. the ability of these viable ...19921644708
lomefloxacin versus trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of adults with acute bacterial diarrhea.this study compared the efficacy and safety of lomefloxacin with that of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (tmp/smx) in the treatment of adult patients with acute diarrhea of bacterial etiology. two centers enrolled a total of 133 patients; 99 (74%) presented with severe symptoms. the patients were randomized to receive either lomefloxacin 400 mg once daily (n=68) or tmp/smx 160/800 mg twice daily (n=65) for five days. bacteriologic success was achieved in 89.5% of evaluation lomefloxacin-treated pa ...199218611521
the significance of campylobacter jejuni infection in poultry: a review.campylobacter is a significant cause of enterocolitis in consumers of undercooked poultry meat. campylobacter jejuni is the most significant of the three thermophilic campylobacter species, and is responsible for intestinal colonization in poultry and food-borne enteritis in humans. generally, c. jejuni is apathogenic in poultry, although newly hatched chicks and turkeys may develop a transient diarrhoea following infection. modern intensive poultry production favours the introduction of infecti ...199218670933
use of a 45 kda protein in the detection of campylobacter jejuni.two techniques, both using the 45 kilodalton (kda) outer membrane protein of campylobacter jejuni to detect the presence of c. jejuni are described. the first technique describes a novel approach in the production of monospecific antiserum against a 45 kda c. jejuni protein. c. jejuni was lysed, electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gel and blotted on to a polyvinyldifluoride (immobilon-p) membrane. the membrane was stained with 0.01% coomassie blue, then destained to visualize protein bands. the 45 ...199218670982
the gene for the s7 ribosomal protein of chlamydia trachomatis: characterization within the chlamydial sfr operon.the prokaryotic ribosomal operon, str, contains open reading frames for the two elongation factors, elongation factor g (ef-g) and elongation factor tu (ef-tu), and ribosomal proteins 57 and s12. the dna sequence and predicted amino acid sequence for s7 from chlamydia trachomatis are presented and compared with homologues from other prokaryotes. also, the relationship of the s7 gene to the open reading frames for ribosomal protein s12 and ef-g is described. significant amino acid homology is als ...199228776799
inhibited growth of common enteropathogenic bacteria in lactic-fermented cereal gruels.a natural lactic fermentation of mixtures of water and whole flour of either maize or high-tannin sorghum was obtained either before or after cooking to a weaning gruel: the preparations had a final ph of about 3.8 (range 3.67 to 4.00) and a ratio of lactic acid to acetic acid of 9∶1 (w/w). the growth of added (about 10(7) c.f.u./g gruel) gram-negative intestinal pathogenic bacteria, enterotoxigenicescherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni, shigella flexneri andsalmonella typhimurium, was strongly ...199224425608
prevalence of gastrointestinal infection among international travellers returning to canada.to describe the prevalence of parasitic and bacterial gastrointestinal infection (excluding enterotoxigenic escherichia coli) among international travellers attending the international travel clinic at the university of calgary.199322346439
molecular subtyping by genome and plasmid analysis of campylobacter jejuni serogroups o1 and o2 (penner) from sporadic and outbreak cases of human diarrhoea.ribosomal rna gene patterns, randomly amplified polymorphic genomic dna (rapd) profiles and plasmid profiles were used to discriminate between 28 strains of campylobacter jejuni serogroups o1 and o2 (penner). most isolates were biotype i (lior). the strains were representative isolates from a uk school outbreak of enteritis (7 cases) and from 21 sporadic human cases of enteritis in 4 countries. the molecular techniques discriminated to various degrees between strains in each of the serogroups. t ...19937505748
discrimination among thermophilic campylobacter species by polymerase chain reaction amplification of 23s rrna gene fragments.by comparing nucleic acid sequences determined for one of the most variable areas of 23s rrna genes of 23 campylobacter strains, we were able to identify regions specific for thermophilic campylobacter strains. oligonucleotide primers corresponding to these unique regions were synthesized and used in the polymerase chain reaction. one primer pair selectively detected all thermophilic campylobacter species, while four other primer pairs allowed discrimination among the thermophilic species campyl ...19937508460
[reactive arthritis associated bacteria as the etiology of undifferentiated oligoarthritis].undifferentiated oligoarthritis (uoa) resembles clinically reactive arthritis (rea), but does not fulfill the diagnostic criteria. in 46 patients with uoa, in 16 with rea, and in 15 with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) the humoral and cellular immune response to the rea-associated bacteria chlamydia trachomatis, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella flexneri, salmonella enteritidis, campylobacter jejuni and borrelia burgdorferi was investigated in paired samples of synovial fluid and peripheral blood. an ...19937682746
common somatic o and heat-labile serotypes among campylobacter strains from sporadic infections in the united states.somatic o (formerly heat-stable) and heat-labile (hl) serotyping methods are commonly used to type campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates. although both systems are effective, the labor and time required for each have limited their application. these systems can be simplified by reducing the number of antisera used. to find an appropriate panel of antisera, we determined the distribution of common serotypes in the united states among a representative sample of 298 campylobacter iso ...19937686183
the epidemiology of bacterial resistance to quinolones.the new fluoroquinolones have been in use for nearly 10 years in the treatment of community- and nosocomially-acquired infections. resistant clones may be selected during therapy and disseminate if favourable epidemiological conditions prevail. resistance to the fluoroquinolones is still rare in common pathogens with 97 to 100% of strains remaining susceptible. resistance has been reported in methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, campylobacter jejuni/coli, salmonella, shigella and esche ...19937689447
amplification and sequencing of variable regions in bacterial 23s ribosomal rna genes with conserved primer sequences.published bacterial 23s ribosomal rna sequences were aligned, and universally conserved regions flanking highly variable regions were looked for. in strategically positioned conserved regions, six oligonucleotides suitable for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing were designed, allowing fast sequencing of four of the most variable 23s rrna regions. two other primers were designed for pcr amplification of nearly complete 23s rrna genes. all these primers successfully amplified fragments ...19937691306
[synovial cellular immune response to bacterial pathogens in patients with chronic juvenile arthritis].juvenile chronic arthritis is a heterogenous disease with an ill-defined pathogenesis. in our study, synovial fluid (sf) and peripheral blood (pb) of 70 children with oligoarthritis were investigated; bacteria-specific lymphocyte proliferation and antibodies to arthritogenic bacteria were determined. specific cellular immune responses in sf but not in pb were found in 4/7 patients with either lyme- or reactive arthritis (60%). in comparison, in subgroup jca ii (n = 45) encompassing mainly elder ...19937692686
demonstration of lipopolysaccharide with o-polysaccharide chains among different heat-stable serotypes of campylobacter jejuni by silver staining of polyacrylamide gels.lipopolysaccharide (lps) from three human and four monkey isolates of campylobacter jejuni was extracted in high yields that revealed ladder-like structures in polyacrylamide gels by direct silver staining. these observations demonstrate that c. jejuni possesses lps with o-chain repeating units typical of the family enterobacteriaceae. the isolates showed differences in the number and electrophoretic mobility of bands in silver-stained gels.19937693600
morphological changes of campylobacter jejuni growing in liquid culture.campylobacter jejuni growing in liquid culture was found to exhibit gross morphological changes with time. exponentially growing cells showed typical short spiral forms. at mid-stationary phase the cells became approximately twice the length of the exponential forms. late stationary/early decline phase cells were seen to be a mixture of coccal forms and cells which were between 3 and 4 times the length of exponentially growing cells. continued incubation of cultures eventually resulted in a popu ...19937764089
pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of dna sequence diversity of flagellin genes of campylobacter jejuni and allied species.genotypes were analysed within 29 geographically diverse strains of campylobacter jejuni mainly from human enteritis cases and four strains representing c. coli, c. lari and c. helveticus. a 1723 bp dna fragment, amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from the flagellin (fla) genes, was used to probe genomic southern blots for restriction site variation at homologous loci. internal hin fl restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of the fla gene pcr amplification product were al ...19937908409
[effect of preservatives on survival of campylobacter jejuni in ground pork meat].campylobacter jejuni strains: pen 2, 3, 6, 10 and 20 isolated from the food-borne infections in humans were tested. fresh ground pork samples supplemented with chemical preservatives: sodium chloride--24,000 mg/kg, sodium nitrite--125 mg/kg, potassium nitrate--500 mg/kg, sodium ascorbate--300 mg/kg and polyphosphate (hamine s)--3000 mg/kg were contaminated by c. jejuni strains. survival of c. jejuni in ground pork was determined immediate after the contamination and over a 2-d period at 4 degree ...19937973410
antigen profile of helicobacter pylori strains isolated from peptic ulcer patients in dhaka, bangladesh.the whole-cell-extract and the acid-extract preparations of helicobacter pylori strains isolated from peptic ulcer patients and the nctc 11638 control strain were studied to compare their antigen profiles. besides, the anti-h. pylori-antibody profile in serum from h. pylori-infected peptic ulcer patients were also studied to define the antigen stimulating specific anti-h. pylori-antibody response in the infected patients. the whole-cell extract (wce) and the acid-extract (ae) preparations showed ...19938031286
[prevalence of enteropathogens in children with liquid diarrhea].between january 1 and october 31, 1991 148 samples of feces corresponding to the same number of children with acute diarrhea, aged 0-2 years, admitted to hospital o'horan of the secretariat of health in the city of merida, yucatan, mexico, were studied. stools from 105 (70.9%) patients were described as watery diarrhea; from these samples at least one enteric pathogen was detected in 49 (46.6%): a single pathogen was isolated in 37 (35.2%), and mixed infections were observed in 12 (11.4%). we is ...19938066329
oral immunoglobulin treatment in campylobacter jejuni enteritis. 19938096933
oral immunoglobulin treatment in campylobacter jejuni enteritis. 19938096934
distribution and polymorphism of the flagellin genes from isolates of campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni.the complex flagellar filaments of the lio8 serogroup member campylobacter coli vc167 are composed of two highly related subunit proteins encoded by the flaa and flab genes which share 92% identity. using oligonucleotide primers based on the known dna sequence of both the flaa and flab genes from c. coli vc167 in the polymerase chain reaction, we have shown conservation of both fla genes among isolates within the lio8 heat-labile serogroup by digestion of the amplified product with psti and ecor ...19938098328
flagellin gene typing of campylobacter jejuni by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.we developed and studied a molecular typing approach for campylobacter spp. with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the flagellin gene flaa in c. jejuni. using polymerase chain reaction, we amplified the flaa gene from strains comprising different hl:o serotypes by using a primer set directed at the conserved 5' and 3' flaa gene sequence to generate a 1.7-kb amplicon. the amplicon was further digested with the restriction enzyme ddei, and the fragments generated were ana ...19938100241
acute diarrhoea and campylobacter in peruvian children: a clinical and epidemiologic approach.a study performed on peruvian children < 10 years of age and their controls showed that campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of diarrhoea. infants 1 year old or younger were the most affected. the disease was usually moderately severe, although > 50 per cent of patients required i.v. fluid therapy. campylobacter was also more frequent in malnourished patients, who come from socio-economically deprived groups, with overcrowding, poor sanitation, and frequent contact with domestic birds and ani ...19938133554
campylobacter jejuni: specific oligonucleotides and dna probes for use in polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis.a 1189 base-pair long dna fragment, vs1, was isolated from a campylobacter jejuni cip 70.2 cosmid library and was found to contain regions specific for this bacterial species. for detection and identification of c. jejuni, two oligonucleotides derived from the vs1 sequence were used as primers in polymerase chain reaction tests on genomic dnas from 38 campylobacter and from 10 non-campylobacter strains. a specific, 358 base-pair long dna fragment was amplified only when c. jejuni dna was used as ...19938136783
[isolation of campylobacter jejuni atcc 29428 from inoculated fried pork meat and roasted chicken].the human gastroenteritis caused by campylobacter jejuni in some industrialized countries is higher than gastroenteritis produced by salmonella and shigella. this has induced the development of techniques to demonstrate the presence of the microorganism in different foods using some culture media combinations. there is not a method to isolate c. jejuni from roasted chicken and fried pork meat, which are popular foods in méxico. the sensitivity of two culture media combinations was compared: rama ...19938140332
guillain-barre syndrome and campylobacter jejuni infection. a study on the etiological characteristics of guillain-barre syndrome in china.fecal culture for campylobacter jejuni with the method of skirrow and serum class specific antibodies (igg, igm, iga) against campylobacter jejuni using a solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were performed in 17 cases of guillain-barre syndrome, 17 other neurological disease controls, and 33 normal controls. the results revealed: 1. the incidence of campylobacter jejuni infection, especially the recent one in guillain-barre syndrome was much higher than in the other two groups; 2. the ...19938143497
the microbiology of acute diarrhoeal disease in the eastern province of saudi arabia.a prospective study of acute diarrhoeal diseases in the eastern province of saudi arabia was carried out over a 19-month period to determine aetiology, risk factors and other epidemiological characteristics. of the 853 subjects studied, 344 were cases and 509 controls. more cases were seen in children than in adults. enteric pathogens were detected in 49% of the cases, but none in the controls. of the pathogens, 68% were bacterial with salmonella (34%) and shigella species (14.7%) being the most ...19938306900
use of an immunoglobulin m containing preparation for treatment of two hypogammaglobulinemic patients with persistent campylobacter jejuni infection.this report describes two hypogammaglobulinemic patients with persistent campylobacter jejuni infections in spite of igg substitution and antibiotic therapy. since serum bactericidal activity (sba) depends on igm, these patients were each treated with six doses of an igm-containing immunoglobulin preparation (pentaglobin) at three-week intervals. during igg therapy sba was not seen in either patient. however, one hour following administration of the igm preparation, sba increased to 90%. just be ...19938307048
diarrhea in u.s. troops deployed to thailand.ninety-five (28%) of 333 u.s. military personnel deployed to ubonratchathani, thailand, for 1 month in february 1993 developed diarrhea. campylobacter jejuni was identified in 6 (25%), attaching and effacing escherichia coli was identified in 3 (13%), nontyphoidal salmonella spp. were identified in 2 (8%), and rotavirus was identified in 1 (4%) of 24 persons who had diarrhea and submitted specimens.19938308137
development of species-specific dna probes for campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and campylobacter lari by polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting.the application of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) fingerprinting assays enables discrimination between species and strains of microorganisms. pcr primers aiming at arbitrary sequences in combination with primers directed against the repetitive extragenic palindrome (rep) or enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) motifs generate isolate-specific dna banding patterns. analysis of these pcr fingerprints obtained for 33 isolates of campylobacter jejuni, 30 isolates of campylobacter ...19938314996
plasma level of antisecretory factor (asf) and its relation to post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets.antisecretory factor (asf) is a regulatory peptide which counteracts diarrhoea in the pig; asf is rapidly absorbed from the pig intestine, and significantly reduces the incidence of neonatal diarrhoea in the suckling offspring. asf is synthesized in the central nervous system, and released to the blood stream via the pituitary gland. in two different experiments (n = 8 and n = 4), the blood concentration of asf was followed in 5-weeks old piglets from day 7 before weaning up to day 12 days after ...19938322543
isolation and characterization of two campylobacter glycine-extracted proteins that bind to hela cell membranes.two immunogenic proteins of 27 (cbf1) and 29 (cbf2) kda from enteropathogenic campylobacter species appear to bind to mammalian cells. we purified these two proteins from a pathogenic and adherent campylobacter jejuni strain to homogeneity by using acid extraction, preparative gel electrophoresis, and electroelution. polyclonal rabbit antisera to these proteins were prepared. immunologic studies indicate that cbf1 corresponds to the peb1 and cbf2 corresponds to the peb4 described by pei et al. ( ...19938335374
newborn piglet model for campylobacteriosis.an in vivo model system for human campylobacteriosis has been developed in which colostrum-deprived newborn piglets are orally challenged with an invasive strain of campylobacter jejuni. piglets developed clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions similar to those observed in humans infected with c. jejuni. gross lesion examination at autopsy revealed the presence of edema, hyperemia, and mucus. histopathologic examinations by light and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated damage t ...19938335377
serum antibodies to gm1, gd1b, peripheral nerve myelin, and campylobacter jejuni in patients with guillain-barré syndrome and controls: correlation and prognosis.serum antibodies to monosialoganglioside (gm1), disialoganglioside (gd1b), and campylobacter jejuni, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and serum antibodies to peripheral nerve myelin, measured by the c1 fixation and transfer assay, were studied in 58 acute-phase patients with guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), 42 disease controls, and 29 normal controls. anti-peripheral nerve myelin antibodies were elevated in 57 of 58 patients with gbs compared with controls, whereas only 8.6% had incre ...19938338337
the spectrum of immune responses to campylobacter jejuni and glycoconjugates in guillain-barré syndrome and in other neuroimmunological disorders.an acute infectious illness frequently precedes the guillain-barré syndrome. recently, campylobacter jejuni was claimed to be a predominant precipitating agent that may also trigger a humoral immune response to glycoconjugates of peripheral myelin in guillain-barré syndrome. because of conflicting reports, we determined the frequency of a recent infection with c. jejuni in 38 patients with guillain-barré syndrome using a highly sensitive and specific immunoblot technique, and of the presence of ...19938338338
cloning and characterization of the gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase gene of campylobacter jejuni.the gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase gene, proa, of campylobacter jejuni was isolated from a recombinant pbr322 clone. a hindiii fragment of the insert containing the gene was subcloned into puc19 and sequenced in both orientations. the deduced amino acid sequence of gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase (ec 1.2.1.41) of c. jejuni exhibits 36.4% identity to that of escherichia coli and 36.0% identity to serratia marcescens. two highly conserved regions in the amino acid sequence were identified f ...19938341262
unusual microtubule-dependent endocytosis mechanisms triggered by campylobacter jejuni and citrobacter freundii.bacterial invasion of six different human epithelial cell lines showed that some strains of the intestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni invaded intestinal cell lines at a level 10(2)-10(4) times higher than reported previously for other campylobacter strains. separately, urinary tract isolates of citrobacter freundii triggered a high-efficiency invasion of bladder cells. use of multiple inhibitors with known effects on eukaryotic cell structures/processes allowed us to define in these genetical ...19938341714
enterotoxigenic bacteria in the sudden infant death syndrome.faecal samples from 123 infants who died with sudden infant death syndrome (sids) and from a comparative group of 52 age-matched babies were analysed for toxigenic bacteria and their toxins. serum samples from the sids infants were also analysed for these toxins. a significantly higher proportion of toxigenic bacteria and their toxins were found in faecal samples of sids babies than in samples from the comparative group. these toxins were also found in serum from the sids babies. clostridium per ...19938345506
common diarrhea pathogens and the risk of dehydration in young children with acute watery diarrhea: a case-control study.the role of common diarrheal pathogens in dehydration was examined in children with acute watery diarrhea who attended the treatment center of the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh, in dhaka. two hundred sixty-nine children with moderate or severe dehydration were matched with 700 children with no dehydration. vibrio cholerae o1 infections were 5.5 times more likely to be associated with dehydration than in cases without this agent. no significant association could ...19938352397
role of infection due to campylobacter jejuni in the initiation of guillain-barré syndrome.recent reports suggest that infection with campylobacter jejuni, a common enteric pathogen, may cause guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) by triggering demyelination of peripheral nerves. gbs is preceded by an acute infectious illness (due to a variety of agents) in 50%-75% of cases; the onset of neurological symptoms is preceded by diarrhea in 10%-30% of cases. in the last decade, more than 20 published anecdotal reports and case series have described patients with c. jejuni infection documented 1-3 ...19938353228
cholecystitis caused by campylobacter jejuni. 19938353233
[campylobacter jejuni sepsis and chronic terminal kidney insufficiency]. 19938355552
direct polymerase chain reaction detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in raw milk and dairy products.a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method designed to sensitively detect and identify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli without the need for isolating and culturing strains is described. the intergenic sequence between the flagellin genes flaa and flab was amplified and characterized with a triple primer or seminested primer approach. a total of 50 bacterial strains, 27 of c. jejuni and c. coli and 23 of other species, were tested, giving no false-positive or false-negative results. the ...19938357250
peb1, the major cell-binding factor of campylobacter jejuni, is a homolog of the binding component in gram-negative nutrient transport systems.the protein peb1 (28 kda) is a common antigen and a major cell adherence molecule of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. we created a bank of chromosomal dna fragments of c. jejuni strain 81-176 using lambda gt11. screening this bank in escherichia coli y1090 cells with antibody raised against purified peb1 enabled us to isolate and to purify a clone with a 2.6-kilobase insert expressing an immunoreactive protein of 28 kda. dna sequencing revealed that the insert contains three complete ...19938360165
colonization of chicks by motility mutants of campylobacter jejuni demonstrates the importance of flagellin a expression.campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 contains two flagellin genes, flaa and flab. wild-type (wt) bacteria express flaa only, but flab can be expressed under certain conditions. we have determined the importance of flagella for colonization of the avian caecum, which appears to be the natural environment for these bacteria. mutants in which flaa or flab, or both had been inactivated, and motility variants, were investigated. flagella are not a requisite for colonization, but mutants lacking both fla ...19938360610
a cytotoxicity test for the detection of campylobacter jejuni toxin.a 7-h 51cr-release cytotoxicity assay has been developed to detect the presence of campylobacter jejuni toxin in the culture supernatant. some of the culture supernatants have cytotoxic effects against labeled chicken lymphocytes, while some others do not have this effect. there is no direct correlation between the pathogenicity of the organisms and the presence of the toxin. the supernatant of c. jejuni retains its cytotoxicity after heating at 100 degrees c for 10 min.; therefore, it is a heat ...19938362493
pulsed-field gel electrophoretic analysis of campylobacter jejuni dna for use in epidemiological studies.the cleavage patterns of the genomic dna of 42 clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) were compared with their lior and tck serotypes. the fragment patterns of dna obtained with sali and smai restriction enzymes did not always accord with the corresponding serotypes but strains of the same serotype could be further divided into subtypes by their cleavage patterns. this pfge method may prove useful for subclassifying c. jejuni.19938370943
application of polymerase chain reaction for the correlation of salmonella serovars recovered from greyhound feces with their diet.the polymerase chain reaction was employed to correlate salmonella serovars isolated from fecal material of greyhounds suffering from gastroenteritis with those isolated from the diet fed to the greyhounds prior to onset of diarrhea. kennels around the abilene, kansas, area were contacted and supplied with materials needed to collect a portion of the diet each day. with the onset of diarrhea, the kennels were instructed to ship the fecal material and diet from the previous 10 days to the laborat ...19938373851
kinetic and antigenic characterization of altered protein synthesis by campylobacter jejuni during cultivation with human epithelial cells.cultivation of campylobacter jejuni with int 407 cell monolayer cultures results in new or enhanced synthesis of a number of proteins compared with bacteria cultured in the absence of the epithelial cells. these proteins were detected within 60 min after the addition of the bacteria to the epithelial cell cultures, and their synthesis was temporally associated with an increase in c. jejuni internalization. a rabbit antiserum raised against bacteria that were cultivated with int 407 cells recogni ...19938376841
tales of campylobacter jejuni. 19938379884
helicobacter acinonyx sp. nov., isolated from cheetahs with gastritis.four strains of a novel helicobacter species were isolated from the stomachs of cheetahs (acinonyx jubilatus) with gastritis. these isolates were phenotypically similar to helicobacter pylori. the isolates were gram-negative, spiral bacteria which grew under microaerophilic conditions at 37 degrees c, but not at 25 or 42 degrees c, and produced urease, catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. the isolates did not ferment glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, r ...19938379970
rotavirus-inhibitory activity in serial milk samples from mexican women and rotavirus infections in their children during their first year of life.a total of 75 children born in rural mexico were followed for diarrheal diseases and rotavirus (rv) excretion during the first year of life. for 18 children, an average of 14 serial breast milk samples were obtained between days 2 and 360 after delivery and were tested for rv-inhibitory activity. of these samples, 70, 62, and 85% showed inhibitory activity against serotype (st) 1 human rv, st4 human rv, and st3 simian rv, respectively; the median titers were 10, 10, and 20, respectively. some 89 ...19938384626
cloning and nucleotide sequence of the campylobacter jejuni gyra gene and characterization of quinolone resistance mutations.the gyra gene of campylobacter jejuni ua580, which encodes the a subunit of dna gyrase, was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. an open reading frame of 2,589 nucleotides was identified, which could code for a polypeptide of 863 amino acids with a m(r) of 97 kda. both the nucleotide sequence and the putative amino acid sequence show ca. 50% identity with those of other gyra genes from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the locations of the gyra gene on genome maps of both c ...19938384814
chemical structures of the core regions of campylobacter jejuni serotypes o:1, o:4, o:23, and o:36 lipopolysaccharides. 19938404908
isolation of campylobacter jejuni strains resistant to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones from children with diarrhea in athens, greece. 19938404924
studies on the pathophysiological mechanism of campylobacter jejuni-induced fluid secretion in rat ileum.calcium has been reported to play an important role in regulating the intestinal electrolyte transport via ca2+/calmodulin (cam) and/or protein kinase c (pkc) systems. the role of ca2+, cam and pkc in the pathogenesis of campylobacter jejuni-induced fluid accumulation was studied in vivo in ligated rat ileal loops. calcium ionophore a23187 (5 microm) and pkc activator, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (pma, 100 micrograms kg-1) when injected alone induced fluid accumulation in the control loops. ...19938405940
genetic manipulation of campylobacter: evaluation of natural transformation and electro-transformation.two methods, natural transformation and electro-transformation, for the introduction of dna into nine strains of campylobacter jejuni were compared. both methods were successful with a limited number of strains. natural transformation was efficient only for the introduction of c. jejuni chromosomal dna, while electro-transformation was also applicable for the introduction of escherichia coli-derived vector dna into at least one c. jejuni strain. the efficiency of dna recombination after entry wa ...19938406035
roles of leukotriene b4, prostaglandin e2, and cyclic amp in campylobacter jejuni-induced intestinal fluid secretion.infection of rabbit ileal loops with inflammatory campylobacter jejuni strains caused elevation of cyclic amp, prostaglandin e2, and leukotriene b4 levels in tissue and fluids. incubation of cultured caco-2 cells with loop fluids caused elevated cellular cyclic amp levels, an effect which was inhibited by antiserum against prostaglandin e2.19938406889
antibiosis revisited: bacteriocins produced by dairy starter cultures.well before the existence of starter bacteria was recognized, their activities were instrumental in preserving dairy foods. during growth in fermented products, dairy starters, including lactobacilli, lactococci, leuconostocs, streptococci, and propionibacteria, produce inhibitory metabolites. inhibitors include broad-spectrum antagonists, organic acids, diacetyl, and hydrogen peroxide. some starters also produce bacteriocins or bactericidal proteins active against species that usually are relat ...19938408870
the effect of slurry storage and anaerobic digestion on survival of pathogenic bacteria.the decline in viable numbers of salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica and listeria monocytogene in beef cattle slurry is temperature-dependent; they decline more rapidly at 17 degrees c than at 4 degrees c. mesophilic anaerobic digestion caused an initial rapid decline in the viable numbers of escherichia coli, salm. typhimurium, y. enterocolitica and l. monocytogenes. this was followed by a period in which the viable numbers were not reduced by 90%. the t90 values of e. coli, salm. t ...19938420921
campylobacter jejuni adapts to aerobic metabolism in the environment.campylobacter jejuni, when left on blood agar for prolonged periods, was found to survive better in air than under micro-aerobic conditions. after a period of 2-3 days in air, all strains of c. jejuni examined grew freely in air on subculture, and could be further subcultured apparently indefinitely in air. this adaptation to aerobic metabolism was accompanied by a change in colony morphology and some changes in outer-membrane protein patterns, but no change in serotyping reactions. the ability ...19938429540
detection of enterovirulent escherichia coli associated with diarrhoea in seville, southern spain, with non-radioactive dna probes.to assess the role of diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli in southern spain, faecal samples from 135 patients with diarrhoea and 40 healthy subjects from seville, andalusia, were investigated. in this prospective study, enterovirulent e. coli were identified by hybridisation with five non-radioactive dna probes specific for enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) and verocytotoxin-producing e. coli (vtec). probe-positive strains were isolated from four patients (3%) with diar ...19938429544
frequency and enterotoxigenicity of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli in domestic animals in pakistan as compared to sweden.domestic and wild animals have been considered to be the most common reservoirs of campylobacter for human infections. this study has been conducted to establish the frequency and enterotoxigenicity of c. jejuni and c. coli in the stools of domestic animals in a developing versus a developed country. faecal samples of 300 chickens and laying hens, 102 horses, 180 cows, 92 goats and sheep were collected from pakistan and sweden. the hippurate hydrolysis test and cho-cell test were performed for s ...19938429572
factors influencing fecal shedding of campylobacter jejuni in dogs without diarrhea.rectal swab specimens were collected from 362 apparently healthy dogs of different origin, age, breed, and sex. specimens were obtained in summer, autumn, and winter. ninety-five thermophilic campylobacter spp were isolated: c jejuni biotype i, n = 57, c jejuni biotype ii, n = 1, c coli, n = 36, and c laridis, n = 1. biotypes of c jejuni recovered were the same as those associated with campylobacter-induced enteritis in human beings. prevalence of c jejuni was significantly (p < 0.05) greater: i ...19938430936
the role of exposure to animals in the etiology of campylobacter jejuni/coli enteritis.to determine the role of animals as possible sources for human infection with campylobacter jejuni/coli, 218 human cases of campylobacter enteritis diagnosed among members of group health cooperative of puget sound, king county, washington, from april 1982 through september 1983 were compared with 526 controls, randomly selected from group health cooperative members. all subjects were questioned regarding animal exposures one week prior to illness (cases) or interview (controls). there was no in ...19938434569
[campylobacter jejuni infection in the neonatal period. a potentially serious condition]. 19938439109
[prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria in children with acute bloody diarrhea].between january to october 1991, were studied 148 samples of feces corresponding to the same number of children with acute diarrhea. in 41 (27.7%) samples, were found macroscopic or microscopic blood. at least one associated bacterial pathogen capable to produce bloody diarrhea was isolated from 22 (53.7%) of these samples. were isolated five (12.2%) salmonella strains, all of them were s. enteritidis; nine (22.0%) shigella: seven s. flexneri, one s. boydii, and other one s. sonnei; two (4.9%) e ...19938442878
multiple antibiotic resistance in a strain of campylobacter jejuni acquired in jordan. 19938444665
prosthetic hip infection and bacteremia due to campylobacter jejuni in a patient with aids.campylobacter jejuni is a common enteric pathogen in healthy individuals and in patients with aids. it usually causes a self-limited diarrheal illness with fever and abdominal pain. we report what we believe is a unique case of c. jejuni osteomyelitis in a 60-year-old man who had hemophilia a, aids, and a hip prosthesis. he presented to the hospital with a 4-day history of fever and diarrhea and a 1-day history of hip pain. findings on plain films and a bone scan were suggestive of osteomyelitis ...19938452956
effect of host lineage on the virulence of campylobacter jejuni/coli in the chick embryo model.the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) inoculated chick embryo model was used to study the effect of host lineage on the virulence of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. ld50 values were used to compare the susceptibilities of chick embryos from eight inbred chicken lines to infection by four strains of c. jejuni and one strain of c. coli. differences in susceptibility were found between inbred chicken lines. these were shown not to be due to maternal antibody status, nor transfer of antibo ...19938454192
postinfectious encephalopathy in a child following campylobacter jejuni enteritis.we report a case of acute postinfectious encephalopathy in a child following campylobacter jejuni enteritis. serial mr scans showed lesions involving predominantly gray matter and the adjacent subcortical white matter--findings different from those in other immune-mediated disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, in which either white or gray matter may be involved, and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, in which white matter abnormalities predominate with involvement of the subcortic ...19938456726
[bacteremia caused by campylobacter jejuni resistant to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones]. 19938461378
in vitro susceptibility of quinolone-resistant campylobacter jejuni to new macrolide antibiotics.the mics of erythromycin and three new macrolide antibiotics were determined for 36 quinolone-susceptible and 106 quinolone-resistant campylobacter jejuni. the mic90 values of azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin and erythromycin were 0.5, 4, 16 and 4 mg/l respectively. no difference was found between macrolide activity against the quinolone-susceptible and the quinolone-resistant strains. clarithromycin and especially azithromycin might eventually replace erythromycin for the treatment o ...19938462563
evaluation of commercial antisera for serotyping heat-labile antigens of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli.commercial antisera for serotyping 22 heat-labile antigens of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli were evaluated by using 66 isolates from human and nonhuman sources. test results were compared with results of tests using antisera produced at the centers for disease control (cdc), atlanta, ga. all strains (three isolates of each of the 22 serotypes) were typeable with the cdc antisera. of 66 test strains, 39 (59%) were typed as the same serotype with both sets of antisera. twenty-four st ...19938463402
blastocystis hominis in inflammatory bowel disease.we retrospectively examined the hospital course of 12 patients with exacerbated inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), who also had stool specimens positive for blastocystis hominis to determine the effect of b. hominis on their disease. bloody bowel movements were common with ulcerative colitis patients and watery diarrhea with crohn's disease; other findings included abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting. all patients responded favorably to medical therapy. three responded to treatment with c ...19938463612
antibodies to gangliosides in guillain-barré syndrome: specificity and relationship to clinical features.antibodies to ganglioside gm1 have been associated with guillain-barré syndrome. to clarify their role we have studied their frequency, fine specificity and relationship to clinical features in a series of patients with this disease. antibodies to ganglioside gm1 were identified, by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and binding to thin-layer chromatograms of human brain, in 12 (28.6%) of 42 patients with guillain-barré syndrome and in only 1 (2.4%) of 41 normal control subjects (p = 0.002). ...19938464986
increased resistance to quinolone in catalonia, spain.from 1989 to 1991, the level of resistance to ciprofloxacin in our hospital increased from 0.47% to 6.7% in opportunistic enterobacteriaceae, from 9.9% to 16% in pseudomonas aeruginosa and from 8.27% to 31.8% in campylobacter jejuni-coli. we also observed an increase in quinolone consumption from 1.1 in 1989 to 1.5 defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day in 1991.19938467626
a point source outbreak of campylobacter infection related to bird-pecked milk.a point source outbreak of campylobacter jejuni affected 11 children in a day nursery. milk consumed by the children was known to have been pecked by magpies on occasions. illness was significantly associated with consumption of milk on a single morning. examination of milk from a bottle pecked after the outbreak yielded campylobacters. the level of contamination was approximately six cells of c. jejuni per 500 ml of milk.19938472769
the role of management systems in the epidemiology of thermophilic campylobacters among poultry in eastern zone of tanzania.a total of 255 samples of droppings collected from a total of 22 different poultry units were examined for the presence of thermophilic campylobacters and the isolates biotyped using skirrow's protocol. the organisms were isolated from 90 (35.3%) of all samples. among the 22 units investigated, 13 (59%) were found to have unsatisfactory management systems, while 7 (32%) and 2 (9%) were found to have unsatisfactory and good systems respectively. significantly large numbers of isolations, 68 of 14 ...19938472771
characteristics of an avirulent campylobacter jejuni strain and its virulence-enhanced variants.the virulence of campylobacter jejuni for 11-day-old chick embryos is associated with the ability to invade the chorio-allantoic membrane, to resist phagocytosis and to survive and proliferate in vivo. the pathogenicity of a well characterised avirulent c. jejuni strain was enhanced by passaging it intravenously and chorio-allantoically through chick embryos. the resulting isogenic variants had greatly increased ability to survive in vivo. in this study, the morphological and cell-surface charac ...19938474119
colonization of broiler chickens by waterborne campylobacter jejuni.chickens on a broiler farm in southern england were found to be colonized with campylobacter jejuni of a single serotype, lior 1 penner 4. the farm was the sole supplier of a local slaughterhouse associated with a campylobacter outbreak in 1984 caused by this serotype. the serotype persisted on the farm for at least 18 months after the outbreak; its prevalence in the human population served by the farm remained high until it disappeared from the farm in 1986. the possible sources and routes of t ...19938476300
role of flagella in adherence, internalization, and translocation of campylobacter jejuni in nonpolarized and polarized epithelial cell cultures.previous studies of campylobacter jejuni have suggested that flagellin is an adhesin for epithelial cells and that motility is a virulence factor of this bacterium. the role of flagella in the interactions of c. jejuni with nonpolarized and polarized epithelial cells was examined with flagellar mutants. flagellated, nonmotile (flaa flab+ mot-) and nonflagellated, nonmotile (flaa flab mot-) mutants of c. jejuni were constructed by in vivo homologous recombination and gene replacement techniques. ...19938478066
arcobacter (campylobacter) butzleri-associated diarrheal illness in a nonhuman primate population.after dna hybridization identified an isolate from an ill rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) as arcobacter (campylobacter) butzleri, we initiated a study to determine whether a. butzleri was associated with diarrheal disease in nonhuman primates at the yerkes primate research center. by using campy-cva medium incubated at 35 degrees c, 15 a. butzleri isolates were obtained from 14 macaques; 7 macaques were coinfected with campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni. a. butzleri was not isolated fro ...19938478115
in-vitro activity of dirithromycin in comparison with other new and established macrolides.improvements with regard to the in-vitro activity of new macrolides are marginal and apply mainly to haemophilus spp., moraxella catarrhalis and neisseria gonorrhoeae (e.g. azithromycin is two to eight times more active than erythromycin) and to non-enterococcal streptococci (e.g. clarithromycin is two to four times more active than erythromycin). the increase in activity against staphylococci is even less striking, being restricted to a few species and limited to clarithromycin (twice as active ...19938478311
[campylobacter jejuni bacteremia in patients infected with hiv]. 19938479236
incidence and control of campylobacter in foods.campylobacter jejuni is known as the most common human enteropathogen in developed countries. the epidemiology of the organism has now been adequately determined and indicates that campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease. pets, water, and contaminated foods are the main sources of sporadic infections in humans, and no single animal food source can be excluded as a potential vehicle for infection of humans. the available information indicates that 50 to 70% of cases of enteritis in man are assoc ...19938484918
production of hyperimmune bovine colostrum against campylobacter jejuni.serial immunization of dairy cows with campylobacter jejuni resulted in an enhanced serum antibody response and production of hyperimmune colostrum in all vaccinated animals. an approximate 10-fold decrease in the camp. jejuni-specific antibody titres in colostrum was observed within 2 d post-partum. the lyophilized colostral concentrate fed to newborn calves resulted in a rapid increase in serum antibody response. specific camp. jejuni immunoglobulins could be detected in these animals for a fu ...19938486562
pathological changes in the rabbit ileal loop model caused by campylobacter jejuni from human colitis.four strains of campylobacter jejuni isolated from children with inflammatory diarrhoea were assayed in the rabbit ileal loop model of infectious diarrhoea. all caused inflammatory reactions with severe macroscopic and microscopic damage in infected rabbit ileal tissue similar to that observed in the patients by endoscopy and histological analysis of colonic biopsies. haemoglobin and other proteins were observed in loop fluids, consistent with leakage of serum from damaged mucosa. loop fluids al ...19938487288
serologic evidence of previous campylobacter jejuni infection in patients with the guillain-barré syndrome.to determine if patients with the guillain-barré syndrome are likely to have had campylobacter jejuni infection before onset of neurologic symptoms.19938489109
serodiagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection in children by an indirect immunofluorescence test.the objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of an indirect immunofluorescence (iif) test for serodiagnosis of helicobacter pylori infection in children and to determine how the test is affected by the presence of antibodies against campylobacter jejuni. we studied 65 consecutive children (two with endoscopically confirmed duodenal ulcer) and a series of 18 children with duodenal ulcer. thirty children were h. pylori negative, as determined by culture, by the preformed urease test, a ...19938492250
campylobacter jejuni strains from patients with guillain-barré syndrome belong mostly to penner serogroup 19 and contain beta-n-acetylglucosamine residues.campylobacter jejuni was isolated from stool cultures from 14 (30%) of 46 patients with guillain-barré syndrome and from 6 (1.2%) of 503 healthy persons, and the difference was highly significant (p < 0.0001). in addition, serological evidence of recent c. jejuni infection was found in 5 of 29 patients with negative stool cultures. therefore, 41% of patients were associated with c. jejuni infection. ten of 12 (83%) isolates from patients with guillain-barré syndrome belonged to penner serogroup ...19938498807
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