Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [alphavirus replicon-vectored plasmid dna-based vaccine elicits protective immunity against classical swine fever virus]. | we have shown previously that a semliki forest virus (sfv) replicon vectored dna vaccine (psfv1cs-e2) expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) conferred full protection for pigs immunized three times with 600 microg of the vaccine. this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the dna vaccine with lower dosage and fewer inoculations. pigs were immunized twice with 100 microg psfv1cs-e2 (n = 5) or control plasmid psfv1cs (n = 3), respectively. pigs immunized with psfv1cs ... | 2007 | 17577989 |
| african swine fever virus p37 structural protein is localized in nuclear foci containing the viral dna at early post-infection times. | the replication of african swine fever virus dna is initiated inside the nucleus of host cells, being followed by a longer cytoplasmic replication stage. in face of previous results demonstrating the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling activity of asfv p37 structural protein when considered isolated from the virus infection, we performed a systematic analysis of the subcellular localization of p37 protein in asfv-infected cells, aiming at identifying the role of the nuclear transport mediated by this p ... | 2007 | 17580096 |
| recombinant e2 glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus induces a solid humoral neutralizing immune response but fails to confer total protection in cattle. | two recombinant baculoviruses were produced in order to obtain a bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) immunogen: acnpv/e2 expressing e2 glycoprotein, and acnpv/e0e1e2 expressing the polyprotein region coding for the three structural proteins of bvdv (e0, e1, and e2). mice were immunized with sf9 cells infected with the recombinant baculoviruses in a water in oil formulation and the production of neutralizing antibodies was evaluated. since e2 elicited higher neutralizing antibody titers than e0-e1 ... | 2007 | 17581680 |
| variation in e(rns) viral glycoprotein associated with failure of immunohistochemistry and commercial antigen capture elisa to detect a field strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) affects cattle populations causing clinical signs that range from subclinical immunosuppression to severe reproductive and respiratory problems. detection and removal of persistently infected (pi) calves is the single most important factor for control and eradication of bvdv. current testing strategies to detect pi calves rely heavily on immunohistochemistry (ihc) and a commercially available antigen capture elisa (ace) assay. these viral assays depend on 1 or ... | 2007 | 17582710 |
| expression and functional characterization of classical swine fever virus e(rns) protein. | e(rns) is an envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) with unusual rnase activity. recently, e(rns) was found to have a new function of counteracting the beta-interferon (ifn-beta) induction pathway. in this study, wildtype ernssm and two mutated e(rns) proteins ernsh297k and ernsh346k were expressed in insect cells and purified for rnase activity and function analysis. rnase activity assay in vitro demonstrated that only wildtype e(rns) protein had rnase activity. however, bo ... | 2007 | 17587595 |
| a search for structurally similar cellular internal ribosome entry sites. | internal ribosome entry sites (ires) allow ribosomes to be recruited to mrna in a cap-independent manner. some viruses that impair cap-dependent translation initiation utilize ires to ensure that the viral rna will efficiently compete for the translation machinery. ires are also employed for the translation of a subset of cellular messages during conditions that inhibit cap-dependent translation initiation. ires from viruses like hepatitis c and classical swine fever virus share a similar struct ... | 2007 | 17591613 |
| efficient priming against classical swine fever with a safe glycoprotein e2 expressing orf virus recombinant (orfv vrv-e2). | an increasing demand in livestock animal husbandry for intervention or emergency vaccination strategies requires a rapid onset of protection linked to prevention of infectious agent spread. using the new recombinant parapoxvirus (ppv) orf virus (orfv) as a vaccine expressing the csfv e2 glycoprotein we demonstrate that a single intra-muscular application confers solid protection. in the prime only concept, multi-site application of the vector vaccine turned out to be superior to single-site appl ... | 2007 | 17600594 |
| [monitoring of infectious diseases among wild boars]. | sixty-seven serum samples and 43 pathological material samples from wild boars, taken in 5 regions of russia and in the kharkov region of the ukraine in 2002 to 2005 were studied. wild boars in some regions of russia were shown to be carriers of aujeszky's disease virus, porcine parvovirus, porcine circovirus type 2, lymphotropic herpesvirus-1, porcine cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. the classical swine fever (csf) virus genome was detected by polymerase chai ... | 2007 | 17601049 |
| chimeric pestiviruses: candidates for live-attenuated classical swine fever marker vaccines. | the use of attenuated classical swine fever virus (csfv) strains as live vaccines is no longer allowed for the control of classical swine fever in europe, due to the inability to differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals; diva), except as emergency vaccines or as bait vaccines for wild boars. thus, the establishment of a diva vaccine(s) is of pivotal importance for the control of this infectious disease. in this study, recombinant ver ... | 2007 | 17622629 |
| african swine fever virus a238l inhibitor of nf-kappab and of calcineurin phosphatase is imported actively into the nucleus and exported by a crm1-mediated pathway. | this study examined nuclear and cytoplasmic shuttling of the african swine fever virus (asfv) a238l protein, which is an inhibitor of nf-kappab and of calcineurin phosphatase. the results showed that the protein was present in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm in asfv-infected cells and that the higher molecular mass 32 kda form of the a238l protein was the predominant nuclear form, which accumulated later in infection. in contrast, both the 28 and 32 kda forms of the a238l protein were present ... | 2007 | 17251557 |
| virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of a novel chimeric pestivirus. | a chimeric pestivirus of border disease virus gifhorn and bovine viral diarrhea virus cp7 (meyers et al., 1996) was constructed. virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of the chimeric virus were studied in a vaccination-challenge experiment in pigs. the chimeric virus proved to be avirulent and neither chimeric virus nor viral rna was detected in serum after vaccination. the safety of the vaccine was tested by horizontal transmission to sentinel pigs, which remained uninfected. the vac ... | 2007 | 17251566 |
| hcv and csfv ires domain ii mediate eif2 release during 80s ribosome assembly. | internal ribosome entry site (ires) rnas from the hepatitis c virus (hcv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv) coordinate cap-independent assembly of eukaryotic 48s initiation complexes, consisting of the 40s ribosomal subunit, eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) 3 and the eif2/gtp/met-trna(i)(met) ternary complex. here, we report that these ireses also play a functional role during 80s ribosome assembly downstream of 48s complex formation, in promoting eif5-induced gtp hydrolysis and eif2/gdp ... | 2007 | 17255934 |
| cp7_e2alf: a safe and efficient marker vaccine strain for oral immunisation of wild boar against classical swine fever virus (csfv). | wild boar are an important reservoir of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in several european countries, where most of the primary outbreaks in domestic pigs are directly related to the endemic disease situation in the wild boar population. oral immunisation has been introduced as an additional control measure to accelerate csf eradication in wild boar in germany since 1993. immunisation with an oral bait vaccine based on the conventionally attenuated live vaccine strain "c" proved to be safe a ... | 2007 | 17257713 |
| evaluation of real-time rt-pcr assay for the routine intra vitam diagnosis of classical swine fever. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic quality of the real-time rt-pcr assay described by hoffmann et al. [hoffmann, b., beer, m., schelp, c., schirrmeier, h., depner, k., 2005. validation of a real-time rt-pcr assay for sensitive and specific detection of classical swine fever. j. virol. methods 130, 36-44] for the routine intra vitam diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf). we compared the assay with conventional diagnostic methods by using defined diagnostic material from an ani ... | 2007 | 17257786 |
| an immunohistochemical study of the tonsils in pigs with acute african swine fever virus infection. | an immunohistochemical study of the tonsils was carried out to gain further insight in the pathogenesis of acute african swine fever (asf). twenty-one pigs were inoculated by intramuscular route with a highly virulent isolate of asf virus and painlessly killed at 1-7dpi. viral antigen was highly distributed in the tonsil from 3 to 4dpi and an increase in the number of monocyte-macrophages was very evident at the same days post inoculation. this phenomenon was observed together with an increase o ... | 2007 | 17258254 |
| simulated detection of syndromic classical swine fever on a finnish pig-breeding farm. | although finland has not experienced a classical swine fever (csf) epidemic since 1917, the concern about early detection is relevant. the time until detection of csf on a pig-breeding farm was predicted by simulation, and earlier detection of csf-infected farms was assessed. eight to 12 weeks will pass before csf is detected on a finnish pig-breeding farm, which resembles detection of the index farm for actual csf epidemics in europe. although notification of suspected csf on the infected farm ... | 2007 | 17291361 |
| phylogenetic characterization of classical swine fever viruses isolated in korea between 1988 and 2003. | twenty-four isolates of classical swine fever (csf) virus which were obtained from csf outbreaks during 1988 and 2003 in the republic of korea were genetically characterized for partial e2 gene (190 nucleotides) and compared with csf viruses reported by other countries. phylogenetic analyses classified korean field isolates between1988 and 1999 into subgroup 3.2, forming an independent clade distinct from csf viruses identified in other countries. in contrast, the viruses isolated during 2002-20 ... | 2007 | 17328983 |
| use of damaged dna and dntp substrates by the error-prone dna polymerase x from african swine fever virus. | the structural specificity that translesion dna polymerases often show for a particular class of lesions suggests that the predominant criterion of selection during their evolution has been the capacity for lesion tolerance and that the error-proneness they display when copying undamaged templates may simply be a byproduct of this adaptation. regardless of selection criteria/evolutionary history, at present both of these properties coexist in these enzymes, and both properties confer a fitness a ... | 2007 | 17335287 |
| a multiplex nested rt-pcr for the detection and differentiation of wild-type viruses from c-strain vaccine of classical swine fever virus. | a multiplex nested rt-pcr (rt-npcr) was developed for the detection and differentiation of classical swine fever virus (csfv). a fragment of 447 or 343 bp was amplified from the genomic rna of c-strain or virulent shimen strain, respectively, and two fragments of 447 and 343 bp were simultaneously amplified from the mixed samples of c-strain and shimen. when detecting several wild-type isolates representative of different subgroups (1.1, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3) circulating in mainland china and sampl ... | 2007 | 17346808 |
| the myd116 african swine fever virus homologue interacts with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 and activates its phosphatase activity. | the dp71l protein of african swine fever virus (asfv) shares sequence similarity with the herpes simplex virus icp34.5 protein over a c-terminal domain. we showed that the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (pp1) interacts specifically with the asfv dp71l protein in a yeast two-hybrid screen. the chimeric full-length dp71l protein, from asfv strain badajoz 71 (ba71v), fused to glutathione s-transferase (dp71l-gst) was expressed in escherichia coli and shown to bind specifically to the pp ... | 2007 | 17215279 |
| classical swine fever virus npro interacts with interferon regulatory factor 3 and induces its proteasomal degradation. | viruses have evolved a multitude of strategies to subvert the innate immune system by interfering with components of the alpha/beta interferon (ifn-alpha/beta) induction and signaling pathway. it is well established that the pestiviruses prevent ifn-alpha/beta induction in their primary target cells, such as epitheloidal and endothelial cells, macrophages, and conventional dendritic cells, a phenotype mediated by the viral protein n(pro). central players in the ifn-alpha/beta induction cascade a ... | 2007 | 17215286 |
| detection of african swine fever virus genomic dna in a nigerian red river hog (potamochoerus porcus). | 2007 | 17220525 | |
| diagnostic methods for detection of classical swine fever virus--status quo and new developments. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious disease causing major losses in pig populations almost worldwide. the disease occurs in many regions of asia, central and south america and parts of europe and africa. some countries have eradicated the disease (australia, usa, canada, within the eu), yet it keeps recurring sporadically (south africa, germany, netherlands, england). the causative virus is a member of the genus pestivirus, family flaviviridae. the first diagnosis of csf is based ... | 2007 | 17229496 |
| demonstrating freedom from disease using multiple complex data sources 2: case study--classical swine fever in denmark. | a method for quantitative evaluation of surveillance for disease freedom has been presented in the accompanying paper (martin et al., 2007). this paper presents an application of the methods, using as an example surveillance for classical swine fever (csf) in denmark in 2005. a scenario tree model is presented for the abattoir-based serology component of the danish csf surveillance system, in which blood samples are collected in an ad hoc abattoir sampling process, from adult pigs originating in ... | 2007 | 17239459 |
| novel marker vaccines against classical swine fever. | classical swine fever (csf) is one of the most devastating epizootic diseases of pigs worldwide. for eradication and control purposes, csf vaccination is an important tool, and efficacious and safe attenuated vaccines have been available for many decades (for example, the c-strain vaccines). in addition to administering them parenterally, live attenuated vaccines are also administered orally for the control and eradication of csf in wild boar populations. however, antibodies against live attenua ... | 2007 | 17239502 |
| detection of differential expression of porcine ifn-alpha subtypes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | the porcine interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) multigene family is a new ifn-alpha system in recent research. characterization of the poifn-alpha multigene family has been described in our previous work, and 14 functional poifn-alpha genes were detected in the porcine genome. in this study, we designed subtype-specific primers and consensus primers for poifn-alpha. the expression of poifn-alpha was detected using the two pcr strategies in three systems, namely, poly(i).poly(c)-deae-dextran-induced pk1 ... | 2007 | 17651019 |
| detection of classical swine fever vaccine virus in blood and tissue samples of pigs vaccinated either with a conventional c-strain vaccine or a modified live marker vaccine. | attenuated live classical swine fever (csf) viruses are the most efficacious vaccines against the disease. however, little is known about the distribution and detection of csf vaccine viruses in the host. we therefore compared the new recombinant attenuated marker vaccine virus cp7_e2alf with the conventional c-strain vaccine concerning virus isolation, antigen-, and genome-detection in different samples within the first 42 days post-vaccination (p.v.). leukocytes and several organs such as tons ... | 2007 | 17147979 |
| reduced redox potential of the cytosol is important for african swine fever virus capsid assembly and maturation. | assembly of african swine fever virus (asfv) involves the transfer of the major capsid protein, p73, from the cytosol onto the cytoplasmic face of endoplasmic reticulum-derived membranes. during this process, the folding of p73 is dependent upon transient association with a specific viral chaperone, cap80. the cell cytoplasm maintains high concentrations of reduced glutathione, leading to a reducing environment. here, the effects of redox environment on the assembly of asfv have been studied. di ... | 2007 | 17170439 |
| a sequence database allowing automated genotyping of classical swine fever virus isolates. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs. according to the oie classification of diseases it is classified as a notifiable (previously list a) disease, thus having the potential for causing severe socio-economic problems and affecting severely the international trade of pigs and pig products. effective control measures are compulsory, and to expose weaknesses a reliable tracing of the spread of the virus is necessary. genetic typing has proved to be the method of ... | 2007 | 17187869 |
| recombination and expression of classical swine fever virus (csfv) structural protein e2 gene in chlamydomonas reinhardtii chroloplasts. | the expression of classical swine fever virus (csfv) structural protein e2 in different vectors, which has been shown to carry critical epitopes, has been established. here, we reported a chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast expression vector, p64e2, containing classical swine fever virus structural protein e2 gene, which was constructed and transferred to c. reinhardtii by biolistic bombardment method. the transformants were identified by pcr, southern blotting, western blotting after selectin ... | 2007 | 17188850 |
| molecular beacon real-time pcr detection of swine viruses. | rapid and reliable detection of viral pathogens is critical for the management of the diseases threatening the economic competitiveness of the swine farming industry worldwide. molecular beacon assays are one type of real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology capable of fast, specific, sensitive, and reliable viral detection. in this paper, the development of molecular beacon assays as novel tools for the rapid detection of aujeszky's disease virus, african swine fever virus, porcine c ... | 2007 | 17196673 |
| a one-step, gel-based rt-pcr assay with comparable performance to real-time rt-pcr for detection of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever, a notifiable disease to the office international des epizooties (oie), is a highly contagious viral disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars. rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of the causing agent classical swine fever virus (csfv) is therefore essential for diagnosis and control of the disease. most protocols for gel-based pcr consist of two steps, reverse transcription followed by pcr. such a protocol is time consuming, laborious and more prone to conta ... | 2007 | 17123637 |
| silencing of natural interferon producing cell activation by porcine circovirus type 2 dna. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection of natural interferon producing cells (nipcs) impairs the induction of interferon (ifn)-alpha and tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha by cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns), thereby preventing both their autocrine maturation and the paracrine maturation of myeloid dendritic cells (dcs). the present study shows that the pcv2-mediated inhibition of nipcs was mediated by viral dna, although it was independent of virus replic ... | 2007 | 17038051 |
| a semliki forest virus replicon vectored dna vaccine expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus protects pigs from lethal challenge. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes significant losses in pig industry in many countries in asia and europe. the e2 glycoprotein of csfv is the main target for neutralizing antibodies. recently, the replicon of alphaviruses, such as semliki forest virus (sfv), has been developed as replicative expression vectors for gene delivery. in this study, we constructed a plasmid dna based on sfv replicon encoding the e2 glycoprotein of csfv and evaluated its efficacy in rabbits and pigs. the result ... | 2007 | 17007970 |
| bacteriophage t4 nanoparticle capsid surface soc and hoc bipartite display with enhanced classical swine fever virus immunogenicity: a powerful immunological approach. | the phage t4 hoc, soc bipartite display system is attractive for the expression of cdna and display of peptides or proteins at high copy numbers on the phage capsid surface. until recently, using t4 phage vector to display large foreign molecular immunogens resulted only from either an soc or hoc single site. in this report, the main advantages of the phage t4 system over other display technologies are substantiated by using the phage t4 soc, hoc dual site display vector t4-zh(-) to express: (1) ... | 2007 | 17081627 |
| factors critical for successful vaccination against classical swine fever in endemic areas. | classical swine fever (csf) or hog cholera, caused by the classical swine fever virus (csfv), is one of the most important viral diseases that cause serious economic loss to the swine industry worldwide. during the past 5 years, several techniques for measuring porcine cell-mediated immunity (cmi) were applied, in conjunction with other conventional techniques, to study factors that influence the induction of csfv-specific immunity. information, obtained from a series of experiments, demonstrate ... | 2007 | 17097243 |
| n-linked glycosylation status of classical swine fever virus strain brescia e2 glycoprotein influences virulence in swine. | e2 is one of the three envelope glycoproteins of classical swine fever virus (csfv). previous studies indicate that e2 is involved in several functions, including virus attachment and entry to target cells, production of antibodies, induction of protective immune response in swine, and virulence. here, we have investigated the role of e2 glycosylation of the highly virulent csfv strain brescia in infection of the natural host. seven putative glycosylation sites in e2 were modified by site-direct ... | 2007 | 17108025 |
| protein pe120r of african swine fever virus is post-translationally acetylated as revealed by post-source decay maldi mass spectrometry. | post-translational modification of proteins is a key regulatory event in many cellular processes. african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large dna virus that contains about 150 open reading frames (orf) which encode for more than 150 polypeptides, most of them without assigned function. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2de) followed by post-source decay matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (psd-maldi-ms) revealed that asfv protein pe120r, essential for virus transport ... | 2007 | 16964554 |
| mutational analysis of the gdd sequence motif of classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerases. | to define the function of the gdd motif of the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) of classical swine fever virus (csfv), single amino acid substitutions were introduced into the csfv ns5b. all substitutions within the gdd motif were detrimental to the polymerase activity, the binding activity and the terminal nucleotidyl transferase activity of the ns5b protein. it was also found that the wild-type ns5b had higher rdrp activity with mg(+2) than with mn(+2) whereas some mutants worked better wit ... | 2007 | 16917742 |
| marker vaccine strategies and candidate csfv marker vaccines. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important highly contagious disease of swine worldwide. classical swine fever virus (csfv) is its etiological agent, and the only natural hosts are domestic pigs and wild boars. although field csfv strains vary in the virulence, they all result in serious losses in pig industry. highly virulent field strains generally cause acute disease and high mortality; moderately virulent field strains raise subacute or chronic infections; postnatal infection b ... | 2007 | 16934915 |
| inhibition of expression of rna polymerase with small interfering rnas targeting a conserved motif in the respective viral genes in viruses of the family flaviviridae. | the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) in viruses of the family flaviviridae plays an important role in the viral replication process and in the forming of a replicase complex. we used small interfering rnas (sirnas) corresponding to the highly conservative motif v of rdrp gene of different viruses to examine their role in modulating the expression of rdrp. evaluation of the expression of rdrps was performed by the fluorescence, flow cytometry, western blotting, and real-time pcr. we found that ... | 2007 | 18076310 |
| efficacy of lyophilised c-strain vaccine after oral immunisation of domestic pigs and wild boar against classical swine fever: first results. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of lyophilised c-strain vaccine in domestic pigs and wild boar after oral application. a new spherical bait form (diameter 3 cm) containing lyophilised vaccine virus and the recent vaccine baits were used for animal experiments. four vaccination groups were established in experiment 1 (group 1: recent liquid bait vaccine; group 2: spherical baits containing one dose of the lyophilised vaccine; groups 3 (domestic pigs) and 4 (wild boar): spherica ... | 2007 | 18077931 |
| african swine fever virus dna in soft ticks, senegal. | african swine fever is a highly contagious disease of pigs in africa. although its persistence in senegal may be caused by asymptomatic carriers involved in the domestic transmission cycle, we demonstrated that the soft tick ornithodoros sonrai can be naturally infected with the causative agent. | 2007 | 18258050 |
| establishment of an in vitro system for the prediction of the degree of virulence of classical swine fever virus isolates. | 2007 | 19835079 | |
| screwworms, cochliomyia hominivorax, reared for mass release do not carry and spread foot-and-mouth disease virus and classical swine fever virus. | experiments were done to determine if transporting live screwworms cochliomyia hominivorax coquerel (diptera: calliphoridae) for developing new strains from countries where foot-and-mouth disease and classical swine fever are endemic, to the mass rearing facilities in mexico and panama, may introduce these exotic diseases into these countries. are screwworms capable of harboring and spreading foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv) when they are grown in virus- ... | 2008 | 20302530 |
| genetic variation of classical swine fever virus based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions, a genetic marker in the 5' untranslated region of rna. | forty-three strains of classical swine fever (hog cholera) virus (csfv) from outbreaks in pigs in europe, asia and america, two strains from commercial csfv modified live vaccines and a strain isolated from a diseased lamb from spain were subjected to analyses of nucleotide sequence variations in the 5' terminal region of the genome. these isolates were divided into three clusters, namely: csfv-1, csfv-2, and csfv-3, based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions in the 5' untranslated region (ut ... | 2008 | 20405435 |
| domains involved in calcineurin phosphatase inhibition and nuclear localisation in the african swine fever virus a238l protein. | the african swine fever virus a238l protein inhibits calcineurin phosphatase activity and activation of nf-kappab and p300 co-activator. an 82 amino acid domain containing residues 157 to 238 at the c-terminus of a238l was expressed in e. coli and purified. this purified a238l fragment acted as a potent inhibitor of calcineurin phosphatase in vitro with an ic50 of approximately 70 nm. two putative nuclear localisation signals were identified between residues 80 to 86 (nls-1) and between residues ... | 2008 | 18261759 |
| development of a reliable assay protocol for identification of diseases (rapid)-bioactive amplification with probing (bap) for detection of newcastle disease virus. | due to appearance of new genotypes of newcastle disease virus (ndv) with no cross-protection and with vaccine strains, some outbreaks have been reported in taiwan that caused significant damage to the poultry industry. a reliable assay protocol, (rapid)-bioactive amplification with probing (bap), for detection of ndv that uses a nested pcr and magnetic bead-based probe to increase sensitivity and specificity, was developed. primers and probes were designed based on the conserved region of the f ... | 2008 | 18261864 |
| in vitro inhibition of classical swine fever virus replication by sirnas targeting npro and ns5b genes. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious disease of pigs, which causes important economic losses worldwide. in the present study, the specific effect of rna interference on the replication of csf virus (csfv) was explored. three species of small interfering rna (sirna), targeting different regions of csfv npro and ns5b genes, were prepared by in vitro transcription. after transfection of pk-15 cells with each of the sirnas followed by infection with csfv, the viral proliferation within ... | 2008 | 18262291 |
| 12-nt insertion in 3' untranslated region leads to attenuation of classic swine fever virus and protects host against lethal challenge. | we report here the discovery of an attenuation mechanism of classic swine fever virus (csfv) induced by introduction of a continuous 12-nt (cuuuuuucuuuu) insertion in viral 3' utr. the 12-nt insertion sequence was first found in one attenuated vaccine strain hclv (hog cholera lapinized virus) which did not exist in other csfv strains. to address the function of the 12-nt insertion in viral replication and attenuation, we constructed and analyzed two chimeras stemmed from a highly virulent strain ... | 2008 | 18279903 |
| solution structures of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 dna polymerase-dna complexes probed by ultracentrifugation and small-angle x-ray scattering. | we report small-angle x-ray scattering (saxs) and sedimentation velocity (sv) studies on the enzyme-dna complexes of rat dna polymerase beta (pol beta) and african swine fever virus dna polymerase x (asfv pol x) with one-nucleotide gapped dna. the results indicated formation of a 2 : 1 pol beta-dna complex, whereas only 1 : 1 pol x-dna complex was observed. three-dimensional structural models for the 2 : 1 pol beta-dna and 1 : 1 pol x-dna complexes were generated from the saxs experimental data ... | 2008 | 18084022 |
| the npro product of classical swine fever virus interacts with ikappabalpha, the nf-kappab inhibitor. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) belongs to the genus pestivirus and is the causative agent of classical swine fever, a haemorrhagic disease of pigs. the virus replicates in host cells without activating interferon (ifn) production and has been reported to be an antagonist of double-stranded rna-induced apoptosis. the n-terminal protease (n(pro)) of csfv is responsible for this evasion of the host innate immune response. in order to identify cellular proteins that interact with the n(pro) prod ... | 2008 | 18632959 |
| retrospective analysis of the oral immunisation of wild boar populations against classical swine fever virus (csfv) in region eifel of rhineland-palatinate. | in the present study the effect of control measures implemented during the classical swine fever (csf) epidemic in wild boar in the eifel region of the german federal state of rhineland-palatinate from 1999 to 2005 was assessed. during the first 3 years after official confirmation of virus detection these measures comprised intensive hunting, especially of young animals and hygiene measures. subsequently oral immunisation (o.i.) using a modified live virus vaccine was introduced as an additional ... | 2008 | 18534790 |
| the envelope of intracellular african swine fever virus is composed of a single lipid bilayer. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a member of a family of large nucleocytoplasmic dna viruses that include poxviruses, iridoviruses, and phycodnaviruses. previous ultrastructural studies of asfv using chemical fixation and cryosectioning for electron microscopy (em) have produced uncertainty over whether the inner viral envelope is composed of a single or double lipid bilayer. in this study we prepared asfv-infected cells for em using chemical fixation, cryosectioning, and high-pressure freezi ... | 2008 | 18550658 |
| two outbreaks of classical swine fever in wild boar in france. | in 2002 and 2003, two successive outbreaks of classical swine fever were declared in wild boar in northern france. the first was in moselle, near the town of thionville and the border with luxembourg, and the second was in the northern vosges area, near the german border. the outbreaks were investigated by serological and virological diagnosis of dead or shot animals. hunting restrictions were applied to limit the spread of the outbreaks. the virus was detected eight times between april and july ... | 2008 | 18567928 |
| [persistent infection with the classical swine fever virus in vaccinated animals: a risk factor?]. | 2008 | 18578143 | |
| simultaneous detection of classical swine fever virus and north american genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus using a duplex real-time rt-pcr. | classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome are both notifiable diseases of the world organization for animal health (oie). the two diseases exhibit indistinguishable clinical symptoms and sometimes co-exist in swine herds. in this study, a duplex real-time rt-pcr for simultaneous detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and north american (na) genotype porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) based on two differently labeled taqman probes wa ... | 2008 | 18582953 |
| altered order of substrate binding by dna polymerase x from african swine fever virus. | a sequential ordered substrate binding established previously for several dna polymerases is generally extended to all dna polymerases, and the characterization of novel polymerases is often based on the assumption that the enzymes should productively bind dna substrate first, followed by template-directed dntp binding. the comprehensive kinetic study of dna polymerase x (pol x) from african swine fever virus reported here is the first analysis of the substrate binding order performed for a low- ... | 2008 | 18598057 |
| rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type and three attenuated lapinized vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | a simple one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method was developed based on t-rich insertions in the viral genome for simultaneous detection and differentiation of wild type and vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus (csfv). the csfv-specific primers were designed to contain the sequences of the t-rich insertion sites that exist uniquely in the 3' nontranslated regions (3' ntr) of the genome of lapinized csfv vaccine strains. by using a one-step rt-pcr or a n ... | 2008 | 18599849 |
| survival of classical swine fever virus at various temperatures in faeces and urine derived from experimentally infected pigs. | indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus (csfv) can occur through contact with mechanical vectors, like clothing and footwear or transport vehicles, contaminated with the secretions or excretions of infected pigs. a prerequisite for indirect transmission is survival of the virus on the mechanical vector. consequently, to obtain more insight into these transmission routes, it is important to know how long the virus remains viable outside the host. in this study we examined the surviva ... | 2008 | 18602226 |
| characterization of antibody responses against a neutralizing epitope on the glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus. | the sequence tavspttlr is a conserved and linear neutralizing epitope on the glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus. in this study, tavspttlr-directed antibodies, induced either by virions or by an epitope-focused immunogen, were characterized. the results revealed that despite the same epitope specificity, the antibodies induced by different immunogens varied significantly both in the neutralizing test and in binding inhibition assays. this suggests that the protective immunity induced ... | 2008 | 18607674 |
| the expression of classical swine fever virus structural protein e2 gene in tobacco chloroplasts for applying chloroplasts as bioreactors. | it has been reported that genes encoding antigens of bacterial and viral pathogens can be expressed in plants and are shown to induce protection antibodies. the structural protein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv), which has been shown to carry critical epitopes, has been expressed in different systems. here, we report the expression of cfsv e2 gene in tobacco chloroplasts. mice immunized with leaf extracts elicited specific antibodies. this indicated that the expressed e2 proteins had a ... | 2008 | 18280983 |
| local spread of classical swine fever upon virus introduction into the netherlands: mapping of areas at high risk. | in the recent past, the introduction of classical swine fever virus (csfv) followed by between-herd spread has given rise to a number of large epidemics in the netherlands and belgium. both these countries are pork-exporting countries. particularly important in these epidemics has been the occurrence of substantial "neighborhood transmission" from herd to herd in the presence of base-line control measures prescribed by eu legislation. here we propose a calculation procedure to map out "high-risk ... | 2008 | 18298803 |
| [construction of recombinant fowlpox virus expressing e0 gene of classical swine fever virus shimen strain and the animal immunity experiment]. | the csfv e0 gene was amplified from the plasmid pmd18-t-e0 by pcr and cloned into the fpv-p11 and fpv-psy. the identified recombinant dna was transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) to package fowlpox virus. e0 gene was confirmed to be integrated into the genome of recombinant fowlpox virus by pcr, and western blot was employed for detection of e0 expression in the chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with recombinant fowlpox virus . the results of elisa showed that systemic immune resp ... | 2008 | 18320824 |
| classical swine fever virus strain "c" protects the offspring by oral immunisation of pregnant sows. | the aim of this study was to evaluate if oral immunisation of wild sows protects the fetuses from transplacental infection. two experiments were carried out with gilts vaccinated orally with c-strain virus approximately 5 weeks after insemination. they were challenged at mid-gestation with highly virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) or moderately virulent field virus. the results revealed that oral vaccination has no negative impact on the pregnancy, and all vaccinated sows developed neut ... | 2008 | 18321665 |
| a179l, a viral bcl-2 homologue, targets the core bcl-2 apoptotic machinery and its upstream bh3 activators with selective binding restrictions for bid and noxa. | several large dna viruses encode bcl-2 protein homologues involved in the regulation of the cellular apoptosis cascade. this regulation often involves the interaction of these viral proteins with diverse cellular bcl-2 family members. we have identified the specific interactions of a179l, an african swine fever virus (asfv) bcl-2 homologue, with the active forms of the porcine bh3-only bid protein (truncated bid p13 and p15). transient expression of asfv a179l gene in vero cells prevented apopto ... | 2008 | 18329683 |
| eif2-dependent and eif2-independent modes of initiation on the csfv ires: a common role of domain ii. | specific interactions of the classical swine fever virus internal ribosomal entry site (ires) with 40s ribosomal subunits and eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eif)3 enable 43s preinitiation complexes containing eif3 and eif2-gtp-met-trna(imet) to bind directly to the initiation codon, yielding 48s initiation complexes. we report that eif5b or eif5b/eif3 also promote met-trna(imet) binding to ires-40s complexes, forming 48s complexes that can assemble elongation-competent ribosomes. alth ... | 2008 | 18337746 |
| simulating the spread of classical swine fever virus between a hypothetical wild-boar population and domestic pig herds in denmark. | denmark has no free-range wild-boar population. however, danish wildlife organizations have suggested that wild boar should be reintroduced into the wild to broaden national biodiversity. danish pig farmers fear that this would lead to a higher risk of introduction of classical swine fever virus (csfv), which could have enormous consequences in terms of loss of pork exports. we conducted a risk assessment to address the additional risk of introducing and spreading csfv due to the reintroduction ... | 2008 | 18339438 |
| quantitative assessment of the likelihood of the introduction of classical swine fever virus into the danish swine population. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a major infectious-disease agent of livestock and causes production losses through increased morbidity and mortality, particularly of young pigs. we identified the pathways for introduction of csfv into denmark and assessed the annual probability of introduction (based on a us department of agriculture model). we developed pathways based on material from scientific articles, reports from veterinary agencies and custom officers, and consultations with experts ... | 2008 | 18342380 |
| effect of ns3 and ns5b proteins on classical swine fever virus internal ribosome entry site-mediated translation and its host cellular translation. | a full-length ns3 (ns3f) and a truncated ns3 protein (ns3h) with an rna helicase domain possess rna helicase activity. using an in vitro system with a monocistronic reporter rna or dna, containing the csfv 5'-utr, we observed that both ns3f and ns3h enhanced internal ribosome entry site (ires)-mediated and cellular translation in a dose-dependent manner, but ns3 protease (ns3p) that lacks a helicase domain did not. ns3f was stronger than ns3h in promoting both translations. these results showed ... | 2008 | 18343841 |
| role of hepatic macrophages during the viral haemorrhagic fever induced by african swine fever virus. | to ascertain the role played by the various liver monocyte-macrophage populations in the course of a viral hemorrhagic fever, fifteen pigs were inoculated intramuscularly with the highly virulent isolate of african swine fever virus (asfv) españa-70 and slaughtered at 1-7 days post-inoculation (dpi). samples of liver were fixed in different solutions and routinely processed for morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies. viral antigen (vp73) was detected from 3 dpi onward, ma ... | 2008 | 18366006 |
| cytokine mrna expression and pathological findings in pigs inoculated with african swine fever virus (e-70) deleted on a238l. | african swine fever virus (asfv) induces a variety of immune responses and clinical forms in domestic pigs. as it is the only member of the asfarviridae family, asfv encodes many novel genes not encoded by other virus families. among these genes, a238l may regulate the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, controlled mainly by nfkappab and nfat pathways. in this study, we inoculated two groups of pigs, one with the asfv highly virulent e-70 isolate, deleted on a238l gene, and the other group ... | 2008 | 18384883 |
| complete genome sequence of attenuated low-temperature thiverval strain of classical swine fever virus. | the thiverval vaccine strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was derived from virulent alfort strain through the serial passages in cells at 29-30 degrees c. in this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of this strain and found that its genome contains one open reading frame (orf) that encodes a polyprotein with 3,898 amino acids. the 5'-utr of thiverval is 373 nt long with only one mutation at position 220. in contrast, the length of 3'-utr is highly heterogeneous ranging fro ... | 2008 | 18401695 |
| the gtp binding sites interacted with rna-dependent rna polymerase of classical swine fever virus in de novo initiation. | the ns5b protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an important enzyme bearing a unique rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) activity. the rdrp plays a crucial role in the viral replication cycle and in forming a replicase complex. however, the initiating synthesis mechanism of the csfv rna polymerase is unclearly described at present. our aim is to reveal the rdrp-gtp docking sites and the effective modules of gtp initially bound to the polymerase in starting initiation of replication acc ... | 2008 | 18430987 |
| identification of a conserved linear b-cell epitope at the n-terminus of the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus by phage-displayed random peptide library. | the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an important envelope glycoprotein, which is responsible for inducing protective immune response in swine. four antigenic domains, a-d, have been mapped on the e2 protein. the present study describes the identification of a linear b-cell epitope at the n-terminus of the e2 protein by screening a phage-displayed random 12-peptide library with the neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) hq06 directed against the e2 protein. hq06 was found to b ... | 2008 | 18485511 |
| general preadaptation of viral infectors to their hosts. | we tested the hypothesis of optimal adaptation of viral infectors to eukaryotic hosts, using (1) correlation in codon and amino acid usage between organisms, and (2) canonical correlation between groups of hosts and infectors. the codon correlations between parasites and hosts vary, being low between swine and african swine fever virus (asf; r = 0.18), and highest between potato and potato virus x (r = 0.60). the correlations might indicate different stages of evolution toward optimal adaptation ... | 2008 | 18493153 |
| diagnostic specificity of a real-time rt-pcr in cattle for foot-and-mouth disease and swine for foot-and-mouth disease and classical swine fever based on non-invasive specimen collection. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv) are highly contagious and can cause great economic losses when introduced into disease-free regions. accurate estimates of diagnostic specificity (sp) are important when considering the implementation of surveillance for these agents. the purpose of this study was to estimate diagnostic sp of a real-time reverse-transcriptase pcr assay developed for detection of fmdv in cattle and domestic swine and csfv in domestic swine ... | 2008 | 18499360 |
| inactivation of classical swine fever virus in porcine casing preserved in salt. | pig intestines used for the production of natural sausage casings may carry classical swine fever (csf) virus. feeding pigs with human food waste that contains pig casings may then spread the virus to csf-free animals. casings derived from a pig experimentally infected with csf by dosing with 10(6) tissue culture infectious doses (tcid50) of the highly virulent csf virus strain "koslov", were treated with phosphate supplemented or citrate supplemented nacl, instead of with nacl alone, which is t ... | 2008 | 18947894 |
| mismatched base-pair simulations for asfv pol x/dna complexes help interpret frequent g*g misincorporation. | dna polymerase x (pol x) from the african swine fever virus is a 174-amino-acid repair polymerase that likely participates in a viral base excision repair mechanism, characterized by low fidelity. surprisingly, pol x's insertion rate of the g*g mispair is comparable to that of the four watson-crick base pairs. this behavior is in contrast with another x-family polymerase, dna polymerase beta (pol beta), which inserts g*g mismatches poorly, and has higher dna repair fidelity. using molecular dyna ... | 2008 | 18955064 |
| pathogenicity of endophytic entomopathogenic fungi to ornithodoros erraticus and ornithodoros moubata (acari: argasidae). | the argasid ticks o. erraticus and o. moubata are of great medical and veterinary importance because they are vectors of the african swine fever virus and several species of human relapsing fever borreliae. biocontrol of these ticks using entomopathogenic fungi has not been previously reported. we examined the pathogenicity to different developmental stages of these two argasids of six strains of the fungal species beauveria bassiana (strains bb1764 and bb2157), lecanicillium lecanii (strains ll ... | 2008 | 18976863 |
| cytopathogenicity of classical swine fever virus correlates with attenuation in the natural host. | for the important livestock pathogens classical swine fever virus (csfv) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), cytopathogenic (cp) and non-cp viruses are distinguished according to the induction of apoptosis in infected tissue culture cells. however, it is currently unknown whether cp csfv differs from non-cp csfv with regard to virulence in the acutely infected host. in this study, we generated helper virus-independent csfv alfort-jiv, which encompasses sequences encoding domain jiv-90 of cel ... | 2008 | 18653456 |
| antibodies to selected viral disease agents in wild boars from the czech republic. | blood samples were collected from wild boar (sus scrofa) shot during the hunting season from 1999 to 2005 in the czech republic. sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). indirect fluorescence antibody test was used for detection of antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and transmissible ... | 2008 | 18689671 |
| baculovirus surface display of e2 envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus and immunogenicity of the displayed proteins in a mouse model. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes significant losses in pig industry in many countries. the e2 glycoprotein of csfv is the main target for inducing neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity in the natural host. in this study, one recombinant baculoviruses bacsc-e2 expressing histidine-tagged e2 with the ctd and tm derived from baculovirus envelope protein gp64 was constructed and evaluated its vaccine efficacy in mice model. after infection, e2 was expressed and anchored on the pla ... | 2008 | 18708107 |
| baculovirus surface display of e(rns) envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes significant losses in the pig industry in many countries. e(rns) is an envelope glycoprotein of csfv which is known to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity in the natural host. in this study, one recombinant baculoviruses bacsc-e(rns) expressing histidine-tagged e(rns) with the transmembrane domain (tm) and cytoplasmic domain (ctd) derived from baculovirus envelope protein gp64 was constructed and its immunizing efficacy was evalu ... | 2008 | 18727937 |
| enhancement of peripheral blood cd8+ t cells and classical swine fever antibodies by dietary beta-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation in weaned piglets. | the experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of beta-1,3/1,6-glucan extracted from saccharomyces cerevisiae on cellular immune responses and classical swine fever virus (csfv) antibody production of weaned piglets. thirty-two (landrace x large white; 26 days old; 7.05+/-0.25 kg body weight) castrated male piglets were randomly allocated to four treatments, eight pigs per treatment. all piglets were vaccinated with live-attenuated ch ... | 2008 | 18761656 |
| comparative studies on the pathogenicity and tissue distribution of three virulence variants of classical swine fever virus, two field isolates and one vaccine strain, with special regard to immunohistochemical investigations. | the aim of this study was to compare the tissue distribution and pathogenicity of three virulence variants of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and to investigate the applicability of various conventional diagnostic procedures. | 2008 | 18775072 |
| african swine fever virus protein p30 interaction with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein k (hnrnp-k) during infection. | heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein k (hnrnp-k) was identified as interacting cellular protein with the abundant immediate early protein p30 from african swine fever virus (asfv) in a macrophage cdna library screening. the interacting regions of hnrnp-k with p30 were established within residues 35-197, which represent kh1 and kh2 domains responsible for rna binding. colocalization of hnrnp-k and p30 was observed mainly in the nucleus, but not in the cytoplasm of infected cells and infection ... | 2008 | 18775702 |
| the low-virulent african swine fever virus (asfv/nh/p68) induces enhanced expression and production of relevant regulatory cytokines (ifnalpha, tnfalpha and il12p40) on porcine macrophages in comparison to the highly virulent asfv/l60. | the impact of infection by the low-virulent asfv/nh/p68 (nhv) and the highly virulent asfv/l60 (l60) isolates on porcine macrophages was assessed through the quantification of ifnalpha, tnfalpha, il12p40, tgfbeta and asfv genes by real-time pcr at 2, 4 and 6 h post-infection. increased ifnalpha, tnfalpha and il12p40 expression was found in infection with nhv, in which expression of tgfbeta was lower than in infection with l60. principal component analysis showed a positive interaction of cytokin ... | 2008 | 18787755 |
| patterns of cellular gene expression in swine macrophages infected with highly virulent classical swine fever virus strain brescia. | experimental exposure of swine to highly virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain brescia causes an invariably fatal disease of all infected animals by 8-14 days post-infection. host mechanisms involved in this severe outcome of infection have not been clearly established. to understand these mechanisms, we analyzed the response of primary cultured swine macrophages, a csfv primary target cell, to infection with brescia strain. steady state levels of mrna accumulation were assessed for ... | 2008 | 18796318 |
| expression, cellular localization and antibody responses of the african swine fever virus genes b602l and k205r. | previously, we identified serological immunodeterminants of african swine fever virus (asfv), including pk205r and pb602l, without homologues in the database. pk205r is expressed as a 33-kd protein from 4 h post-infection onward, initially diffusely distributed throughout cells, and subsequently in viral factories. pk205r was not found in purified virus. both pk205r and pb602l are recognised by hyperimmune antisera from domestic pigs and bushpigs at late time points after infection, suggesting t ... | 2008 | 19011730 |
| [preparation and characteristics of monoclonal antibodies to protein e2 (gp55) of classical hog cholera virus]. | twenty-eight hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to proteins of classical swine virus (csfv) were obtained by fusion of as2/0 murine myeloma cells with splenocytes of balb/c mice. the recombinant e2 glycoprotein of csfv and the gradient-purified csfv strain shimen were used as an antigen for immunization. twenty-four hybridomas produced mabs of class igg and four hybridomas did mabs of class igm. all mabs were specific for e2 protein of csfv. competitive enzyme immunoassay showed t ... | 2008 | 19069792 |
| deciphering dorin m glycosylation by mass spectrometry. | the soft tick, ornithodoros moubata, is a vector of several bacterial and viral pathogens including borrelia duttoni, a causative agent of relapsing fever and african swine fever virus. previously, a sialic acid-specific lectin dorin m was isolated from its hemolymph. here, we report on the complete characterization of the primary sequence of dorin m. using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, we identified three different glycopeptides in the tryptic digest of dorin m. the peptid ... | 2008 | 19136723 |
| [immune responses induced by the suicidal dna vaccines co-expressing the gp5 protein of prrsv and the e2 protein of csfv in mice]. | six recombinant plasmids co-expressing the wild-type gp5 gene or the codon-optimized gp5 gene (containing pan-dr epitope) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and the e2 gene of classical swine fever virus (csfv) or the e2 fused with the ul49 of pseudorabies virus (prv) were constructed based on the suicidal dna vaccine psfv1cs-e2 described previously. expression of gp5 and e2 was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. the immunogenicity of six plasmids was eva ... | 2008 | 19149182 |
| [generation and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus expressing the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus in rabbits]. | classical swine fever (csf), which is caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), causes significant losses in pig industry in many countries in asia and europe. the e2 glycoprotein of csfv is the main target for neutralizing antibodies. in this study, a recombinant replication-defective human adenovirus expressing the csfv e2 gene (radv-e2) was generated and evaluated for the immunogenicity in rabbits. the results showed that the rabbits immunized with radv-e2 developed high-level csfv-specif ... | 2008 | 19149185 |
| antiviral activity of lauryl gallate against animal viruses. | antiviral compounds are needed in the control of many animal and human diseases. | 2008 | 19043925 |
| african swine fever virus isolate, georgia, 2007. | african swine fever (asf) is widespread in africa but is rarely introduced to other continents. in june 2007, asf was confirmed in the caucasus region of georgia, and it has since spread to neighboring countries. dna fragments amplified from the genome of the isolates from domestic pigs in georgia in 2007 were sequenced and compared with other asf virus (asfv) isolates to establish the genotype of the virus. sequences were obtained from 4 genome regions, including part of the gene b646l that enc ... | 2008 | 19046509 |
| proteomic alteration of pk-15 cells after infection by classical swine fever virus. | viral infections usually result in alterations in the host cell proteome which determine the fate of the infected cells and the progress of pathogenesis. to uncover cellular protein responses in classical swine fever virus-infected pk-15 cells, a proteomic analysis was conducted using 2d page followed by maldi-tof-ms/ms identification. altered expression of 35 protein spots in infected cells at 48 h p.i. were identified in 2d gels, with 21 of these being characterized by maldi-tof-ms/ms, includi ... | 2008 | 19367723 |
| [establishment and identification of classical swine fever virus (csfv) capsid targeted nuclease expression system]. | one pair of primers was designed based on the sequence encoding capsid protein c of classical swine fever virus (csfv). the c gene fragment was amplified by rt-pcr and pcr products were inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pcdna-sn containing staphylococcal nuclease (sn) gene resulting in recombinant plasmid pcdna-c-sn. 48h after transfection of the recombinant into porcine kidney (pk)-15 cells using liposome, the expression of fusion protein was identified through rt-pcr, western blot and ... | 2008 | 19226954 |
| [expression profiles of apoptotic genes of pig peripheral blood leukocytes caused by classical swine fever virus infection]. | classical swine fever (csf) is a contagious swine disease charactered by hemorrhagic fever and leukopenia,usually leading to substantial economic losses. to obtain a insight of leucopenia caused by csfv infection, dna microarray analyses of peripheral blood leucocytes (pbl) of the infected pigs was performed. three health pigs were inoculated with a lethal dose of csfv shimen strain and their pbls were isolated when the onset of typical clinical signs and then subjected to total rna extraction f ... | 2008 | 19226955 |
| evaluation of a multiplex real-time rt-pcr for quantitative and differential detection of wild-type viruses and c-strain vaccine of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (csf), one of oie listed diseases. most of the currently available detection methods do not allow discrimination between wild-type csf viruses and the vaccine strains. this study was designed to develop a multiplex real-time rt-pcr for the quantitative and differential detection of wild-type viruses and c-strain vaccine widely used in china. csfv specific primers and two differently labeled taqman probes for the d ... | 2008 | 17658704 |