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acta of listeria monocytogenes and its manifold activities as an important listerial virulence factor.listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitously occurring gram-positive bacterium in the environment that causes listeriosis, one of the deadliest foodborne infections known today. it is a versatile facultative intracellular pathogen capable of growth within the host's cytosolic compartment. following entry into the host cell, l. monocytogenes escapes from vacuolar compartments to the cytosol, where the bacterium begins a remarkable journey within the host cytoplasm, culminating in bacterial spread fro ...201727726006
suppressor mutations linking gpsb with the first committed step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in listeria monocytogenes.the cell division protein gpsb is a regulator of the penicillin binding protein a1 (pbp a1) in the gram-positive human pathogen listeria monocytogenes penicillin binding proteins mediate the last two steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis as they polymerize and cross-link peptidoglycan strands, the main components of the bacterial cell wall. it is not known what other processes are controlled by gpsb. l. monocytogenes gpsb mutants are unable to grow at 42°c, but we observed that spontaneous suppres ...201727795316
outbreaks and factors influencing microbiological contamination of fresh produce.fresh fruits and vegetables are nutritionally well-recognised as healthy components in diets. the microbiological foodborne outbreaks associated with the consumption of fresh produce have been increasing. salmonella spp., escherichia coli o157:h7, staphylococcus aureus, campylobacter spp. and listeria monocytogenes are the most common pathogens that contaminate fresh produce. this review discusses recent foodborne outbreaks linked to fresh produce, factors that affect microbiological contaminati ...201727807844
lineage ii (serovar 1/2a and 1/2c) human listeria monocytogenes pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types divided into pfge groups using the band patterns below 145.5 kb.among 504 clinical lineage ii isolates of listeria monocytogenes isolated during 1958-2010 in sweden, 119 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) types (asci) have been identified based on the number and distribution of all banding patterns in each dna profile. in this study, these types were further divided into pfge groups based on the configuration of small bands with sizes <145.5 kb. the 504 isolates included 483 serovar 1/2a isolates distributed into 114 pfge types and 21 serovar 1/2c isola ...201727860487
study of the antibacterial activity of electro-activated solutions of salts of weak organic acids on salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes.this work assessed the antibacterial activity of electro-activated solutions of salts of weak organic acids (potassium acetate, potassium citrate and calcium lactate) on salmonella enterica, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes. this activity was compared in terms of minimal inhibitory (bactericidal) concentration to the effect of commercial acetic, citric and lactic acid at equivalent titratable acidity. staining live/dead baclight method was used to consider physiological state of ...201727838894
tolerance to quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants may enhance growth of listeria monocytogenes in the food industry.the antibacterial effect of disinfectants is crucial for the control of listeria monocytogenes in food processing environments. tolerance of l. monocytogenes to sublethal levels of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds (qac) is conferred by the resistance determinants qach and bcrabc. the presence and distribution of these genes have been anticipated to have a role in the survival and growth of l. monocytogenes in food processing environments where qac based disinfectants are in c ...201727810443
utilization of multiple substrates by butyrate kinase from listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of listeriosis, can build up to dangerous levels in refrigerated foods potentially leading to expensive product recalls. an important aspect of the bacterium's growth at low temperatures is its ability to increase the branched-chain fatty acid anteiso c15:0 content of its membrane at lower growth temperatures, which imparts greater membrane fluidity. mutants in the branched-chain α-keto dehydrogenase (bkd) complex are deficient in branched-chain fatty ...201727940001
insight into the genome of brochothrix thermosphacta, a problematic meat spoilage bacterium.brochothrix thermosphacta is a dominant but poorly studied meat spoilage organism. it is a close relative of the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes, and brochothrix constitutes the second genus in the listeriaceae family. here, the genomes of 12 b. thermosphacta strains were sequenced, assembled into draft genomes, characterized, and compared with the genomes of brochothrix campestris and l. monocytogenes phenotypic properties including biogenic amine production and antibiotic and heavy m ...201727986732
microbial counts of mealworm larvae (tenebrio molitor) and crickets (acheta domesticus and gryllodes sigillatus) from different rearing companies and different production batches.the rising interest in insects for human consumption and the changing regulations in europe require a profound insight into the food safety of insects reared and sold in western society. the microbial quality of edible insects has only been studied occasionally. this study aimed at generating an overview of intrinsic parameters (ph, water activity and moisture content) and microbial quality of fresh mealworm larvae and crickets for several rearing companies and for several batches per rearer. in ...201727863329
effect of inoculum size, bacterial species, type of surfaces and contact time to the transfer of foodborne pathogens from inoculated to non-inoculated beef fillets via food processing surfaces.the objective of the present study was to determine the factors affecting the transfer of foodborne pathogens from inoculated beef fillets to non-inoculated ones, through food processing surfaces. three different levels of inoculation of beef fillets surface were prepared: a high one of approximately 10(7) cfu/cm(2), a medium one of 10(5) cfu/cm(2) and a low one of 10(3) cfu/cm(2), using mixed-strains of listeria monocytogenes, or salmonella enterica typhimurium, or escherichia coli o157:h7. the ...201727889165
exposure to minimally processed pear and melon during shelf life could modify the pathogenic potential of listeria monocytogenes.survival and virulence of foodborne pathogens can be influenced by environmental factors such as the intrinsic properties of food as well as the extrinsic properties that contribute to food shelf life (e.g., temperature and gas atmosphere). the direct contribution of food matrix characteristics on the survival of l. monocytogenes during fresh-cut fruit shelf life is not very well understood. in addition, the gastrointestinal tract is the primary route of listeriosis infection and penetration of ...201727889159
fat and fibre interfere with the dramatic effect that nanoemulsified d-limonene has on the heat resistance of listeria monocytogenes.the application of d-limonene in form of nanoemulsion has been proved to reduce dramatically the thermal resistance of listeria monocytogenes in culture media. the present research shows very promising results on the application in food products. the thermal resistance of l. monocytogenes was reduced 90 times when 0.5 mm nanoemulsified d-limonene was added to apple juice. this is the biggest reduction in the heat resistance of a microorganism caused by an antimicrobial described ever. however, n ...201727889158
inhibition of listeriolysin o oligomerization by lutein prevents listeria monocytogenes infection.the foodborne pathogenic bacterial species listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) has caused incalculable damages to public health, and its successful infection requires various virulence factors, including listeriolysin o (llo). by forming pores in phagosomal membranes and even in some organelles, llo plays an indispensable role in the ability of l. monocytogenes to escape from host immune attacks. because of its critical role, llo offers an appropriate therapeutic target against l. monocyto ...201727884571
antimicrobial activity and bioguided fractionation of rumex tingitanus extracts for meat preservation.this study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of rumex tingitanus leaves extracts as well as the identification of bioactive components and their performance in meat preservation. total phenolics and flavonoids showed the highest content of phenolics and flavonoids in the ethyl acetate fraction (rt etoacf). for antimicrobial efficacy, leaves extract and derived fraction were tested for their capacity to inhibit bacterial and fungal proliferation in vitro an ...201727883958
molecular identification and functional delineation of a glutathione reductase homolog from disk abalone (haliotis discus discus): insights as a potent player in host antioxidant defense.glutathione reductase (gsr) is an enzyme that catalyzes the biochemical conversion of oxidized glutathione (gssg) into the reduced form (gsh). since the ratio between the two forms of glutathione (gsh/gssg) is important for the optimal function of gsh to act as an antioxidant against h2o2, the contribution of gsr as an enzymatic regulatory agent to maintain the proper ratio is essential. abalones are marine mollusks that frequently encounter environmental factors that can trigger the overproduct ...201727919756
tracking listeria monocytogenes contamination and virulence-associated characteristics in the ready-to-eat meat-based food products industry according to the hygiene level.listeria monocytogenes isolates collected from final products and food contact surfaces of 10 ready-to-eat meat-based food products (rtemp) producing industries were analyzed to relate their virulence-associated characteristics and genetic profiles with the hygiene assessment of those industries. together with sample collection, an audit was performed to evaluate the implemented food safety management system and to investigate the specific audit requisites more associated to the occurrence of th ...201727919005
assessing vacuolar escape of listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial pathogen which invades and multiplies within non-professional phagocytes. signaling cascades involved in cellular entry have been extensively analyzed, but the events leading to vacuolar escape remain less clear. in this chapter, we detail a microscopy fret-based assay which allows quantitatively measuring l. monocytogenes infection and escape from its internalization vacuole, as well as a correlative light/electron microscopy method to investigate the morph ...201727914079
characteristics of volatile organic compounds produced from five pathogenic bacteria by headspace-solid phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.the characteristics of volatile compounds from five different bacterial species, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis, shigella flexneri, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes, growing, respectively, in trypticase soy broth were monitored by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the results showed that most volatile organic compounds (vocs) of five pathogens started to increase after the sixth to tenth hour. methyl ketones and long c ...201727874211
inhibitory activity of avocado seed fatty acid derivatives (acetogenins) against listeria monocytogenes.high standards regarding listeria monocytogenes control and consumer demands for food products without synthetic additives represent a challenge to food industry. we determined the antilisterial properties of an enriched acetogenin extract (eae) from avocado seed, compared it to two commercial antimicrobials (one enriched in avocado acetogenins), and tested purified molecules. acetogenin composition in pulp and seed of hass avocado was quantified. eae were obtained by two sequential centrifuge p ...201727871119
polyethylene oxide (peo)-hyaluronic acid (ha) nanofibers with kanamycin inhibits the growth of listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is well known to cause prosthetic joint infections in immunocompromised patients. in this study, polyethylene oxide (peo) nanofibers, containing kanamycin and hyaluronic acid (ha), were prepared by electrospinning at a constant electric field of 10kv. peo nanofibers spun with 0.2% (w/v) ha and 1% (w/v) kanamycin had a smooth, bead-free structure at 30-35% relative humidity. the average diameter of the nanofibers was 83±20nm. attenuated total reflectance (atr)-fourier trans ...201727960136
benzalkonium tolerance genes and outcome in listeria monocytogenes meningitis.listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that can cause meningitis. the listerial genotype st6 has been linked to increasing rates of unfavourable outcome over time. we investigated listerial genetic variation and the relation with clinical outcome in meningitis.201727998823
surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy introduced into the international standard organization (iso) regulations as an alternative method for detection and identification of pathogens in the food industry.we show that surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) coupled with principal component analysis (pca) can serve as a fast, reliable, and easy method for detection and identification of food-borne bacteria, namely salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and cronobacter spp., in different types of food matrices (salmon, eggs, powdered infant formula milk, mixed herbs, respectively). the main aim of this work was to introduce the sers technique into three iso (6579:2002; 11290-1:1996/a1:2004; 22 ...201728004171
sensitive detection of listeria monocytogenes based on highly efficient enrichment with vancomycin-conjugated brush-like magnetic nano-platforms.pathogens pose a significant threat to public health worldwide. despite many technological advances in the rapid diagnosis of pathogens, sensitive pathogen detection remains challenging because target pathogenic bacteria usually exist in complex samples at very low concentrations. here, the construction of multivalent brush-like magnetic nanoprobes and their application for the efficient enriching of pathogens are demonstrated. brush-like magnetic nanoprobes were constructed by modification with ...201728013018
thermal inactivation and sublethal injury kinetics of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in broth versus agar surface.the objective of the present study was to compare the thermal inactivation and sublethal injury kinetics of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in broth (suspended cells) and on solid surface (agar-seeded cells). a 3-strain cocktail of s. enterica or l. monocytogenes inoculated in broth or on agar was subjected to heating in a water bath at various set temperatures (55.0, 57.5 and 60.0°c for s. enterica and 60.0, 62.5 and 65°c for l. monocytogenes). the occurrence of sublethally injur ...201728011300
bacterial meningitis in alcoholic patients: a population-based prospective study.to study clinical features and outcome of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in alcoholic patients.201728065808
hospital-acquired listeriosis linked to a persistently contaminated milkshake machine.one case of hospital-acquired listeriosis was linked to milkshakes produced in a commercial-grade shake freezer machine. this machine was found to be contaminated with a strain of listeria monocytogenes epidemiologically and molecularly linked to a contaminated pasteurized, dairy-based ice cream product at the same hospital a year earlier, despite repeated cleaning and sanitizing. healthcare facilities should be aware of the potential for prolonged listeria contamination of food service equipmen ...201728065212
multistate outbreak of listeria monocytogenes infections linked to whole apples used in commercially produced, prepackaged caramel apples: united states, 2014-2015.whole apples have not been previously implicated in outbreaks of foodborne bacterial illness. we investigated a nationwide listeriosis outbreak associated with caramel apples. we defined an outbreak-associated case as an infection with one or both of two outbreak strains of listeria monocytogenes highly related by whole-genome multilocus sequence typing (wgmlst) from 1 october 2014 to 1 february 2015. single-interviewer open-ended interviews identified the source. outbreak-associated cases were ...201728065170
evaluation of the 3m™ molecular detection assay (mda) 2 - listeria monocytogenes for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in a variety of foods and select environmental surfaces: collaborative study, first action 2016.08.the 3m™ molecular detection assay (mda) 2 - listeria monocytogenes uses loop-mediated isothermal amplification of unique dna target sequences combined with bioluminescence to rapidly detect listeria monocytogenes in a broad range of food types and on environmental surfaces. using an unpaired study design, technicians from 13 laboratories located in the united states and canada compared the 3m mda 2 - listeria monocytogenes to the u.s. department of agriculture food safety inspection service micr ...201728059049
promyelocytic leukemia protein (pml) controls listeria monocytogenes infection.the promyelocytic leukemia protein (pml) is the main organizer of stress-responsive subnuclear structures called pml nuclear bodies. these structures recruit multiple interactors and modulate their abundance or their posttranslational modifications, notably by the sumo ubiquitin-like modifiers. the involvement of pml in antiviral responses is well established. in contrast, the role of pml in bacterial infection remains poorly characterized. here, we show that pml restricts infection by the patho ...201728074026
antibacterial effect of 405±5nm light emitting diode illumination against escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella on the surface of fresh-cut mango and its influence on fruit quality.to investigate a potential of 405±5nm light emitting diode (led) as a novel technology for food preservation, the antibacterial effect of 405±5nm led on escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella spp. on the surface of fresh-cut mango and its influence on fruit quality were evaluated at different storage temperatures. led-illumination inactivated 1.0-1.6 logcfu/cm(2) of populations at 4 and 10°c for 36-48h (total dose, 2.6-3.5kj/cm(2)) regardless of bacterial species, while ...201728073081
impact of environmental factors on the culturability and viability of listeria monocytogenes under conditions encountered in food processing plants.the ability of listeria monocytogenes to adhere to and persist on surfaces for months or even years may be responsible for its transmission from contaminated surfaces to food products. hence the necessity to find effective means to prevent the establishment of l. monocytogenes in food processing environments. the aim of this study was to assess, through a fractional experimental design, the environmental factors that could affect the survival of l. monocytogenes cells on surfaces to thereby prev ...201728073080
singleton sequence type 382, an emerging clonal group of listeria monocytogenes associated with three multistate outbreaks linked to contaminated stone fruit, caramel apples, and leafy green salad.three multistate outbreaks between 2014 and 2016, involving case patients in and outside the united states, were linked to stone fruit, caramel apples, and packaged leafy green salad contaminated with listeria monocytogenes singleton sequence type 382 (st382), a serotype ivb-v1 clone with limited genomic divergence. isolates from these outbreaks and other st382 isolates not associated with these outbreaks were analyzed by whole-genome sequencing (wgs) analysis. the primary differences among st38 ...201728053218
structural characterisation of the fatty acid biosynthesis enzyme fabf from the pathogen listeria monocytogenes.development of new antimicrobial agents is required against the causative agent for listeriosis, listeria monocytogenes, as the number of drug resistant strains continues to increase. a promising target is the β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase fabf, which participates in the catalysis of fatty acid synthesis and elongation, and is required for the production of phospholipid membranes, lipoproteins, and lipopolysaccharides. in this study, we report the 1.35 å crystal structure of fabf from ...201728045020
detection of premature stop codons leading to truncated internalin a among food and clinical strains of listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen responsible for outbreaks and sporadic cases of listeriosis, a severe invasive disease. internalin a (inla) a protein encoded by inla has a key role in the mechanism of pathogenesis in l. monocytogenes infection, specifically in the invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells. studies on inla have shown that mutations leading to premature stop codons (pmscs) occur naturally and are associated with impaired virulence of l. monocytogenes strains. i ...201728040183
application of low frequency pulsed ohmic heating for inactivation of foodborne pathogens and ms-2 phage in buffered peptone water and tomato juice.the purpose of this study was to inactivate foodborne pathogens effectively by ohmic heating in buffered peptone water and tomato juice without causing electrode corrosion and quality degradation. escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes were used as representative foodborne pathogens and ms-2 phage was used as a norovirus surrogate. buffered peptone water and tomato juice inoculated with pathogens were treated with pulsed ohmic heating at different frequencie ...201728040173
differential gene expression and filamentation of listeria monocytogenes 08-5923 exposed to sodium lactate and sodium diacetate.this study reports the gene expression and filamentation in listeria monocytogenes 08-5923 following exposure to food preservatives sodium lactate (nal) and sodium diacetate (sd). l. monocytogenes 08-5923 was challenged with a mixture of nal/sd, nal or sodium acetate at 37 °c in tryptic soy broth. in the initial study, l. monocytogenes 08-5923 was exposed to nal/sd for 24 h. the transcriptome was investigated by rna sequencing. a stress response network was discovered in l. monocytogenes 08-5923 ...201728040163
application of a 222-nm krypton-chlorine excilamp to control foodborne pathogens on sliced cheese surfaces and characterization of the bactericidal mechanisms.this study was conducted to investigate the basic spectral properties of a 222-nm krypton-chlorine (krcl) excilamp and its inactivation efficacy against major foodborne pathogens on solid media, as well as on sliced cheese compared to a conventional 254-nm low-pressure mercury (lp hg) lamp. selective media and sliced cheese inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes were irradiated with a krcl excilamp and a lp hg lamp at the sam ...201728039742
endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 controls actomyosin dynamics and protects against pore-forming toxins.during infection, plasma membrane (pm) blebs protect host cells against bacterial pore-forming toxins (pfts), but were also proposed to promote pathogen dissemination. however, the details and impact of blebbing regulation during infection remained unclear. here, we identify the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 as a novel regulator of pft-induced blebbing. gp96 interacts with non-muscle myosin heavy chain iia (nmhciia) and controls its activity and remodelling, which is required for appropri ...201728039206
an effective counterselection system for listeria monocytogenes and its use to characterize the monocin genomic region of strain 10403s.construction of listeria monocytogenes mutants by allelic exchange has been laborious and time-consuming due to lack of proficient selection markers for the final recombination event, that is, a marker conveying substance sensitivity to the bacteria bearing it, enabling the exclusion of merodiploids and selection for plasmid loss. in order to address this issue, we engineered a counterselection marker based on a mutated phenylalanyl-trna synthetase gene (phes*). this mutation renders the phenyla ...201728039138
a rapid typing method for listeria monocytogenes based on high-throughput multilocus sequence typing (hi-mlst).listeria monocytogenes infects humans via food products, causing listeriosis. consequently, food companies pay meticulous attention to the risk of contamination of their products by this bacterium. while fragment analysis methods such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) are used to trace the sources of contamination for this bacterium, some drawbacks have been identified, namely the complexity of the methods and the difficulty of making data comparisons. as an alternative, multilocus sequ ...201728038334
effect of humidity and temperature on the survival of listeria monocytogenes on surfaces.listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacterium, with human disease and infection linked to dairy products, seafood, ready-to-eat meat and raw & undercooked meats. stainless steel is the most common food preparation surface and therefore, it is important to understand how food storage conditions such as surface materials, temperature and relative humidity can affect survival of l. monocytogenes. in this study, survival of l. monocytogenes on stainless steel was investigated at three temperature ...201728101930
the influence of the toxin/antitoxin mazef on growth and survival of listeria monocytogenes under stress.a major factor in the resilience of listeria monocytogenes is the alternative sigma factor b (σ(b)). type ii toxin/antitoxin (ta) systems are also known to have a role in the bacterial stress response upon activation via the clpp or lon proteases. directly upstream of the σ(b) operon in l. monocytogenes is the ta system mazef, which can cleave mrna at uacmu sites. in this study, we showed that the mazef ta locus does not affect the level of persister formation during treatment with antibiotics i ...201728098783
distinct neurotoxicity profile of listeriolysin o from listeria monocytogenes.cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) are protein toxins that originate from gram-positive bacteria and contribute substantially to their pathogenicity. cdcs bind membrane cholesterol and build prepores and lytic pores. some effects of the toxins are observed in non-lytic concentrations. two pathogens, streptococcus pneumoniae and listeria monocytogenes, cause fatal bacterial meningitis, and both produce toxins of the cdc family-pneumolysin and listeriolysin o, respectively. it has been demons ...201728098781
c-di-amp modulates listeria monocytogenes central metabolism to regulate growth, antibiotic resistance and osmoregulation.cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-amp) is a conserved nucleotide second messenger critical for bacterial growth and resistance to cell wall-active antibiotics. in listeria monocytogenes, the sole diadenylate cyclase, daca, is essential in rich, but not synthetic media and δdaca mutants are highly sensitive to the β-lactam antibiotic cefuroxime. in this study, loss of function mutations in the oligopeptide importer (oppabcdf) and glycine betaine importer (gbuabc) allowed δdaca mutants to gro ...201728097715
functional constituents of wild and cultivated goji (l. barbarum l.) leaves: phytochemical characterization, biological profile, and computational studies.goji (lycium barbarum l.) leaves are emphasized as a functional tea or as dietary supplements. the phenolic compound profile, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial, and antimutagenic activities of leaf extracts from two selected cultivars in comparison with wild-growing plants have been evaluated. hplc-dad/esi-tof-ms analysis revealed the presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids with chlorogenic acid and rutin being the dominant compounds in the cultivated plants, whereas rutin and kaem ...201728095717
acquired central hypoventilation following listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis. 201728087753
bcap inhibits proliferation and differentiation of myeloid progenitors in the steady state and during demand situations.b-cell adaptor for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (bcap) is a signaling adaptor expressed in mature hematopoietic cells, including monocytes and neutrophils. here we investigated the role of bcap in the homeostasis and development of these myeloid lineages. bcap(-/-) mice had more bone marrow (bm) monocytes than wild-type (wt) mice, and in mixed wt:bcap(-/-) bm chimeras, monocytes and neutrophils skewed toward bcap(-/-) origin, showing a competitive advantage for bcap(-/-) myeloid cells. bcap was ...201728087538
prevalence, virulence potential, and antibiotic susceptibility profile of listeria monocytogenes isolated from bovine raw milk samples obtained from rajasthan, india.listeriosis is a serious foodborne disease of a global concern, and can effectively be controlled by a continuous surveillance of the virulent and multidrug-resistant strains of listeria monocytogenes. this study was planned to investigate prevalence of l. monocytogenes in bovine raw milk samples. a total of 457 raw milk samples collected from 15 major cities in rajasthan, india, were analyzed for the presence of l. monocytogenes by using standard microbiological and molecular methods. five of t ...201728085487
novel cadmium resistance determinant in listeria monocytogenes.listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that can cause severe disease (listeriosis) in susceptible individuals. it is ubiquitous in the environment and often exhibits resistance to heavy metals. one of the determinants that enables listeria to tolerate exposure to cadmium is the cadac efflux system, with cada being a p-type atpase. three different cada genes (designated cada1 to cada3) were previously characterized in l. monocytogenes a novel putative cadmium resistance gene (cada4) was r ...201727986731
production of bacterial ghosts from gram-positive pathogen listeria monocytogenes.the gram-positive bacterium listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous intracellular pathogen, which has been implicated within the past decade as the causative organism in several outbreaks of foodborne disease. bacterial ghosts (bgs) are nonliving and vacant cell envelopes of bacteria generated by releasing the bacterial cytoplasm through a channel in the cell envelope. this study attempted to produce gram-positive pathogenic l. monocytogenes ghosts (lmgs) with simple chemicals.201727982711
l-glutamine induces expression of listeria monocytogenes virulence genes.the high environmental adaptability of bacteria is contingent upon their ability to sense changes in their surroundings. bacterial pathogen entry into host poses an abrupt and dramatic environmental change, during which successful pathogens gauge multiple parameters that signal host localization. the facultative human pathogen listeria monocytogenes flourishes in soil, water and food, and in ~50 different animals, and serves as a model for intracellular infection. l. monocytogenes identifies hos ...201728114430
an unusual presentation of listeria monocytogenes rhombencephalitis.we describe a case of 52-year-old woman with a medical history of crohn's disease presented abrupt fever, asymmetrical multiple cranial nerve palsies and focal neurological symptoms localized to the brainstem. the patient was initially diagnosed with ischaemic stroke, because of acute clinical course and results of neuroimaging. cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed mild infection with negative gram staining and culture. final diagnosis of listeria monocytogenes brainstem infection (rhombencepha ...201728110853
listeria monocytogenes isolation from urine: a series of 15 cases and review. 201728110052
microbial quality, safety, and pathogen detection by using quantitative pcr of raw salad vegetables sold in dhanbad city, india.consumption of ready-to-eat fresh vegetables has increased worldwide, with a consequent increase in outbreaks caused by foodborne pathogens. in the indian subcontinent, raw fresh vegetables are usually consumed without washing or other decontamination procedures, thereby leading to new food safety threats. in this study, the microbiological quality and pathogenic profile of raw salad vegetables was evaluated through standard protocols. in total, 480 samples (60 each of eight different salad vege ...201728221891
prediction of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella , and listeria monocytogenes growth in leafy greens without temperature control.a recent study by the centers for disease control and prevention reported that between 1998 and 2008, leafy greens outbreaks accounted for 22.3% of foodborne outbreaks in the united states. several studies on the growth of bacteria at different temperatures have been conducted; however, there is a need for the prediction of bacterial growth when leafy greens are transported without temperature control. food products, when taken out of refrigeration, undergo a temperature change, with the rate of ...201728221878
inactivation of listeria monocytogenes on frozen red raspberries by using uv-c light.in this study, the efficacy of uv-c treatment was determined on the reduction of foodborne pathogens on artificially contaminated frozen food surfaces. at first, the uv-c inactivation rates on 100 μl of the respective cocktails of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella , and listeria monocytogenes covered underneath 0.5-cm-thick ice were examined. simultaneously, the energy percentage of uv-c transmitted through the ice was determined. the experiments showed that more than 65% of the uv-c light en ...201728272923
prevalence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh and smoked fish in poland.a total of 57 out of 301 (18.9%) fresh and smoked fish samples in poland were positive for listeria monocytotgenes. the bacteria were most frequently identified in fresh and smoked salmon (32.0% and 33.8% respectively) as well as in fresh cod (31.8%). only three samples of smoked salmon were contaminated with the bacteria above 100 cfu/g. four molecular serogroups were identified and the most prevalent, 1/2a-3a (40 isolates; 70.2%), was present in samples from both marine (33 strains; 71.7%) and ...201728213022
pathogen biofilm formation on cantaloupe surface and its impact on the antibacterial effect of lauroyl arginate ethyl.pathogen biofilm at fruit surface may pose a particular risk to food safety. in this study, the biofilms of listeria monocytogenes v7 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium atcc 13311 on cantaloupe fruit surface were visualized, and the resistance of biofilms against lauroyl arginate ethyl (lae, an antibacterial compound) was evaluated. each bacterium was inoculated on isolated cantaloupe rind surfaces at 10(5)-10(6) cfu/cm(2) and after incubation for 2, 12, 24, and 48 h, the surfaces were ...201728213018
assessment of the antimicrobial activity of olive leaf extract against foodborne bacterial pathogens.olive leaf extract (ole) has been used traditionally as a herbal supplement since it contains polyphenolic compounds with beneficial properties ranging from increasing energy levels, lowering blood pressure, and supporting the cardiovascular and immune systems. in addition to the beneficial effects on human health, ole also has antimicrobial properties. the aim of this work was to investigate the antimicrobial effect of ole against major foodborne pathogens, including listeria monocytogenes, esc ...201728210244
yope specific cd8+ t cells provide protection against systemic and mucosal yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection.prior studies indicated that cd8+ t cells responding to a surrogate single antigen expressed by y. pseudotuberculosis, ovalbumin, were insufficient to protect against yersiniosis. herein we tested the hypothesis that cd8+ t cells reactive to the natural yersinia antigen yope would be more effective at providing mucosal protection. we first confirmed that immunization with the attenuated ksga- strain of y. pseudotuberculosis generated yope-specific cd8+ t cells. these t cells were protective agai ...201728207901
growth of listeria monocytogenes in thawed frozen foods.the growth characteristics of listeria monocytogenes inoculated onto frozen foods (corn, green peas, crabmeat, and shrimp) and thawed by being stored at 4, 8, 12, and 20°c were investigated. the growth parameters, lag-phase duration (lpd) and exponential growth rate (egr), were determined by using a two-phase linear growth model as a primary model and a square root model for egr and a quadratic model for lpd as secondary models, based on the growth data. the egr model predictions were compared w ...201728207303
case report: when two and ½ men go camping….in patients, rapid identification of bacterial species may help to guide treatment at early stages. new protocols for the identification directly from positive blood culture flasks significantly helped in the presented case report.201728137306
axonal invasion of listeria monocytogenes: implications for early diagnosis with magnetic resonance imaging. 201728131231
mathematical modelling of growth of listeria  monocytogenes in raw chilled pork.the aim of this study was to analyse the growth kinetics of listeria monocytogenes in naturally contaminated chilled pork. a cocktail of 26 meat-borne l. monocytogenes was inoculated to raw or sterile chilled pork to observe its growth at 4, 10, 16, 22 and 28°c respectively. the growth data were fitted by the baranyi model and ratkowsky square-root model. results showed that the baranyi model and ratkowsky square-root model could describe the growth characteristics of l. monocytogenes at differe ...201728129445
nanoengineered eggshell-silver tailored copolyester polymer blend film with antimicrobial properties.in this study, the reinforcement effect of different proportions of eggshell/silver (es-ag) nanomaterial on the structural and antimicrobial properties of 70/30 poly(butylene-co-adipate terephthalate)/polylactic acid (pbat/pla) immiscible blends was investigated. the es-ag was synthesized using a single step ball milling process and characterized with x-ray diffraction (xrd), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xps), and transmission electron microscopy (tem). these results confirmed the existence ...201728206760
tim-3 inhibits macrophage control of listeria monocytogenes by inhibiting nrf2.t cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (tim-3) is an immune checkpoint inhibitor and its dysregulation has been related to t cell tolerance and many immune disorders, such as tumors and infection tolerance. however, the physiopathology roles of tim-3 in innate immunity remain elusive. here, we demonstrate that tim-3 inhibits macrophage phagocytosis of l. monocytogenes by inhibiting the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (nrf2) signaling pathway and increases bacterial burden. tim-3 signaling promotes n ...201728205579
requirement of the rna-binding protein smpb during intracellular growth of listeria monocytogenes.bacterial trans-translation is the main quality control mechanism employed to relieve stalled ribosomes. trans-translation is mediated by the small protein b (smpb) and transfer-mrna (tmrna) ribonucleoprotein complex, which interacts with translational complexes stalled at the 3' end of non-stop mrnas to release the stalled ribosomes thereby targeting the nascent polypeptides and truncated mrnas for degradation. the trans-translation system exists with a few exceptions in all bacteria. in the pr ...201728202229
morphological change and decreasing transfer rate of biofilm-featured listeria monocytogenes egde.listeria monocytogenes , a lethal foodborne pathogen, has the ability to resist the hostile food processing environment and thus frequently contaminates ready-to-eat foods during processing. it is commonly accepted that the tendency of l. monocytogenes ' to generate biofilms on various surfaces enhances its resistance to the harshness of the food processing environment. however, the role of biofilm formation in the transferability of l. monocytogenes egde remains controversial. we examined the g ...201728199146
n-terminomics identifies prli42 as a membrane miniprotein conserved in firmicutes and critical for stressosome activation in listeria monocytogenes.to adapt to changing environments, bacteria have evolved numerous pathways that activate stress response genes. in gram-positive bacteria, the stressosome, a cytoplasmic complex, relays external cues and activates the sigma b regulon. the stressosome is structurally well-characterized in bacillus, but how it senses stress remains elusive. here, we report a genome-wide n-terminomic approach in listeria that strikingly led to the discovery of 19 internal translation initiation sites and 6 miniprot ...201728191904
assessing the capacity of growth, survival, and acid adaptive response of listeria monocytogenes during storage of various cheeses and subsequent simulated gastric digestion.different physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of cheeses may affect listeria monocytogenes potential to grow, survive, or exhibit an acid adaptive response during storage and digestion. the objectives of the present study were to assess: i) the survival or growth potential of l.monocytogenes on various cheeses during storage, ii) the effect of initial indigenous microbiota on pathogen growth in comparison to expected growth curves retrieved by existing predictive models, and iii) ...201728189900
assessing the genome level diversity of listeria monocytogenes from contaminated ice cream and environmental samples linked to a listeriosis outbreak in the united states.a listeriosis outbreak in the united states implicated contaminated ice cream produced by one company, which operated 3 facilities. we performed single nucleotide polymorphism (snp)-based whole genome sequencing (wgs) analysis on listeria monocytogenes from food, environmental and clinical sources, identifying two clusters and a single branch, belonging to pcr serogroup iib and genetic lineage i. wgs cluster i, representing one outbreak strain, contained 82 food and environmental isolates from f ...201728166293
activation and exhaustion of antigen-specific cd8(+) t cells occur in different splenic compartments during infection with plasmodium berghei.the spleen is the major organ in which t cells are primed during infection with malaria parasites. however, little is known regarding the dynamics of the immune responses and their localization within the splenic tissue during malaria infection. we examined murine cd8(+) t cell responses during infection with plasmodium berghei using recombinant parasites expressing a model antigen ovalbumin (ova) protein and compared the responses with those elicited by listeria monocytogenes expressing the sam ...201728163249
hot topic: antilisterial activity by endolysin plyp100 in fresh cheese.our objective was to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of a listeria bacteriophage endolysin that may address limitations of current antilisterial processes for fresh cheeses. listeria monocytogenes is highly problematic in the manufacture and processing of ready-to-eat foods due to its environmental persistence and its ability to grow under refrigerated storage. special care must be taken to prevent listerial contamination during the production of fresh cheeses, as their delicate flavor and tex ...201728161174
survival of listeria monocytogenes with different antibiotic resistance patterns to food-associated stresses.the ongoing rise of antibiotic resistant microbial pathogens has become one of the major public health threats worldwide. despite all the effort and actions taken so far, a proliferation of antibiotic resistant (ar) and multi-antibiotic resistant (mar) strains is still observed, including in foodborne pathogens. this trend has been also noted recently for isolates of listeria monocytogenes, a species that, although remaining largely sensitive to clinically relevant antimicrobials, has been repor ...201728157581
listeriolysin s: a bacteriocin from epidemic listeria monocytogenes strains that targets the microbiota.listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive food-borne pathogen that in humans may traverse the intestinal, placental and blood/brain barriers, causing gastroenteritis, abortions and meningitis. crossing of these barriers is dependent on the bacterial ability to enter host cells, and several l. monocytogenes surface and secreted virulence factors are known to facilitate entry and the intracellular lifecycle. the study of l. monocytogenes strains associated to human listeriosis epidemics has reveal ...201728156183
listeria monocytogenes 10403s arginine repressor argr finely tunes arginine metabolism regulation under acidic conditions.listeria monocytogenes is able to colonize human and animal intestinal tracts and to subsequently cross the intestinal barrier, causing systemic infection. for successful establishment of infection, l. monocytogenes must survive the low ph environment of the stomach. l. monocytogenes encodes a functional argr, a transcriptional regulator belonging to the argr/ahrc arginine repressor family. we aimed at clarifying the specific functions of argr in arginine metabolism regulation, and more importan ...201728217122
monocytes are the predominant cell type associated with listeria monocytogenes in the gut, but they do not serve as an intracellular growth niche.after foodborne transmission of the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen listeria monocytogenes, most of the bacterial burden in the gut is extracellular. however, we previously demonstrated that intracellular replication in an as yet unidentified cell type was essential for dissemination and systemic spread of l. monocytogenes in this article, we show that the vast majority of cell-associated l. monocytogenes in the gut were adhered to ly6c(hi) monocytes, a cell type that inefficiently ...201728213502
high hydrostatic pressure effects on listeria monocytogenes and l. innocua: evidence for variability in inactivation behaviour and in resistance to pediocin bacha-6111-2.the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) on the survival of 14 strains of listeria monocytogenes from food or clinical origins, selected to represent different pheno and genotypes, was evaluated. stationary phase cells were submitted to 300, 400 and 500 mpa at 10 °c, for 5 min. a high variability in the resistance of l. monocytogenes to pressure was observed, and particularly two strains isolated from food were significantly more baroresistant than the rest. strains of l. monocytogenes resi ...201728213030
inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-bake cookie dough by gamma and electron beam irradiation.this study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of gamma and electron beam irradiation to inactivate foodborne pathogens in ready-to-bake cookie dough and to determine the effect on quality by measuring color and texture changes. cookie dough inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, or listeria monocytogenes was subjected to gamma and electron beam irradiation, with doses ranging from 0 to 3 kgy. as the radiation dose increased, the inactivation effect increased amo ...201728213023
phloretin attenuates listeria monocytogenes virulence both in vitro and in vivo by simultaneously targeting listeriolysin o and sortase a.the critical roles of sortase a (srta) and listeriolysin o (llo) in listeria monocytogenes pathogenicity render these two virulence factors as ideal targets for the development of anti-virulence agents against l. monocytogenes infection. additionally, the structures of srta and llo are highly conserved among the members of sortase enzyme family and cholesterol dependent toxin family. here, phloretin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from apples and pears that has little anti-l. monocytoge ...201728154809
diversity and persistence of listeria monocytogenes within the gorgonzola pdo production chain and comparison with clinical isolates from the same area.listeria monocytogenes causes invasive syndromes with high fatality rates in specific population groups. cheeses have been commonly implicated in outbreaks worldwide. gorgonzola is a cheese only produced in northwestern italy (it is the third italian cheese in terms of production and export) and l. monocytogenes is frequently isolated from the production chain. the aims of this study were to assess the distribution of l. monocytogenes virulence types (vts) in isolates collected in gorgonzola pro ...201728153561
diagnosis and treatment of listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis: a systematic review.describe patient characteristics, treatment, and vision outcomes of listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis, an exceedingly rare form of listeriosis.201728145786
activity of the pore-forming virulence factor listeriolysin o is reversibly inhibited by naturally occurring s-glutathionylation.cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) represent a family of homologous pore-forming proteins secreted by many gram-positive bacterial pathogens. cdcs mediate membrane binding partly through a conserved c-terminal undecapeptide, which contains a single cysteine residue. while mutational changes to other residues in the undecapeptide typically have severe effects, mutation of the cysteine residue to alanine has minor effects on overall protein function. thus, the role of this highly conserved re ...201728138025
stevia-based sweeteners as a promising alternative to table sugar: the effect on listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium growth dynamics.sugar is commonly substituted with stevia-based products in food industry and in our daily-life. this substitution results in a change in food product characteristic formula and properties that may affect the growth dynamics of food pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. this work studies the effect of table sugar (ts), laboratory sucrose (ls), commercial stevia (st) and steviol glycosides (sg) on the growth dynamics of salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes. experiments were carried out i ...201728126702
evaluation of ta10 broth for recovery of listeria monocytogenes from ground beef.in 2009, the enrichment broth ta10 was released for simultaneous recovery of salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli o157:h7. this medium was compared with other salmonella enrichment broths [lactose (lac) broth, buffered peptone water (bpw), and universal pre-enrichment (up) broth] for the recovery of heat- and freeze-injured salmonella spp. in beef by the conventional culture method. there was a significant difference between ta10 and lac enrichment broths for detecting i ...201728118577
invited review: hispanic-style cheeses and their association with listeria monocytogenes.the rise in consumption of hispanic-style cheeses (hsc), due in large part to the increasing hispanic population in the united states, has not been met with advances in food safety sufficient to prevent the numerous outbreaks and recalls due to listeria monocytogenes. hispanic-style cheeses are typically high moisture and have low salt content and low acidity from being subjected to little to no ripening. these conditions necessitate refrigeration to maintain safety and quality, as the majority ...201728189316
32-phosphorus selectively delivered by listeria to pancreatic cancer demonstrates a strong therapeutic effect.our laboratory has developed a novel delivery platform using an attenuated non-toxic and non-pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes that infects tumor cells and selectively survives and multiplies in metastases and primary tumors with help of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (mdsc) and immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (tme). 32p was efficiently incorporated into the listeria bacteria by starvation of the bacteria in saline, and then cultured in phosphorus-free medium complem ...201728186976
100k pathogen genome project: 306 listeria draft genome sequences for food safety and public health.listeria monocytogenes is a food-associated bacterium that is responsible for food-related illnesses worldwide. this is the initial public release of 306 l. monocytogenes genome sequences as part of the 100k pathogen genome project. these isolates represent global genomic diversity in l. monocytogenes.201728183778
comparative analysis of the bacterial membrane disruption effect of two natural plant antimicrobial peptides.in the medicago truncatula genome about 700 genes code for nodule-specific cysteine-rich (ncr) small peptides that are expressed in the symbiotic organ, the root nodule, where they control terminal differentiation of the endosymbiotic rhizobium bacteria to nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. cationic ncr peptides were predicted to have antimicrobial activities. here antibacterial activities of ncr247, ncr335, polymyxin b (pmb), and streptomycin were investigated and compared on two foodborne pathogens s ...201728167938
rhombencephalitis caused by listeria monocytogenes in a pastured bull.a pastured 2-y-old cross-breed bull developed brainstem encephalitis (rhombencephalitis); listeria monocytogenes was isolated from the brain. in the brainstem, there was perivascular cuffing, multiple microabscesses, and positive immunostaining for l. monocytogenes. samples of bovine feces, water, feedstuffs, milking parlor soil, and bulk tank milk were collected from the dairy farm. seven isolates of the genus listeria were obtained, 6 of l. innocua and 1 of l. monocytogenes, which was found in ...201728166691
naturally occurring inlb variants that support intragastric listeria monocytogenes infection in mice.listeria monocytogenes is a causative agent of foodborne infection in humans and animals. the virulence factor inlb interacts with mammalian receptor c-met via its internalin domain to provide l. monocytogenes invasion in non-professional phagocytes. naturally occurring inlb internalin domain variants form four subclusters on the maximal likelihood tree. four variants belonging to distinct subclusters were cloned into the vector carrying 3΄ and 5΄-flanking sequences to restore full length inlb a ...201728104777
glutathione and glutathione transferase omega 1 as key posttranslational regulators in macrophages.macrophage activation during phagocytosis or by pattern recognition receptors, such as toll-like receptor 4, leads to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ros). ros act as a microbicidal defense mechanism, promoting clearance of infection, allowing for resolution of inflammation. overproduction of ros, however, overwhelms our cellular antioxidant defense system, promoting oxidation of protein machinery, leading to macrophage dysregulation and pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory condi ...201728102119
listeria monocytogenes behaviour and quality attributes during sausage storage affected by sodium nitrite, sodium lactate and thyme essential oil.the effects of the addition of nitrite at 200 ppm (n), sodium lactate 1.5% (l) and thyme essential oil at 100 ppm (t1) on listeria monocytogenes behaviour and atpase activity inhibition were evaluated, as well as lipid oxidation through the quantification of malonaldehydes, in sausage stored at 8 ℃ for 41 days and at 30 ℃ for 14 days. the changes in the colour profile were performed during storage time at 8 ℃. quantitative descriptive sensory analyses were performed after two days at 4 ℃. at 8 ℃ ...201728068841
listeria monocytogenes circulating in rabbit meat products and slaughterhouses in italy: prevalence data and comparison among typing results.rabbit meat has outstanding dietetic and nutritional properties. however, few data on microbiological hazards associated with rabbit productions are available. in this study, the presence of listeria monocytogenes was determined in 430 rabbit carcasses, 256 rabbit meat cuts and products, and 599 environmental sponges collected from four italian rabbit slaughterhouses over a period of 1 year. prevalence of l. monocytogenes among the 1285 rabbit meat and environmental samples was 11%, with statist ...201728067541
virulence genes and genetic relationship of l. monocytogenes isolated from human and food sources in brazil.the herein presented assay provided a bacteriological and molecular characterization of 100 samples of l. monocytogenes isolated from human (43) and food (57) sources, from several regions of brazil, and collected between 1975 and 2013. antigenic characterization defined 49% of serotype 4b samples, followed by 28% of serotype 1/2b, 14% of serotype 1/2c, 8% of serotype 1/2a, and 1% of serotype 3b. both type of samples from human and food origin express the same serotype distribution. multiplex pc ...201728274807
acute fetal demise with first trimester maternal infection resulting from listeria monocytogenes in a nonhuman primate model.infection with listeria monocytogenes during pregnancy is associated with miscarriage, preterm birth, and neonatal complications, including sepsis and meningitis. while the risk of these conditions is thought to be greatest during the third trimester of pregnancy, the determinants of fetoplacental susceptibility to infection, the contribution of gestational age, and the in vivo progression of disease at the maternal-fetal interface are poorly understood. we developed a nonhuman primate model of ...201728223455
listeria monocytogenes in smoked salmon and other smoked fish at retail in italy: frequency of contamination and strain characterization in products from different manufacturers.seven hundred seventy-eight samples of packaged smoked fish (774 smoked salmon and 4 smoked swordfish) on sale in italy, from 50 different manufacturers located in 12 european union countries, were purchased from the italian market between may and december 2011. the surface temperatures of the samples on sale ranged from 0 to 13°c (3.4 ± 1.5°c, mean ± sd). six hundred eighty (87.4%) of 778 samples were stored at ≤4°c. one hundred fifty-seven samples (20.2%, 95% confidence interval 17.5 to 23.1%) ...201728221976
fate of listeria monocytogenes , pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica , and escherichia coli o157:h7 gfp(+) in ready-to-eat salad during cold storage: what is the risk to consumers?in this study, we investigated the fate of listeria monocytogenes , pathogenic yersinia enterocolitica , and escherichia coli o157:h7 gfp(+) inoculated in low numbers into ready-to-eat baby spinach and mixed-ingredient salad (baby spinach with chicken meat). samples were stored at recommended maximum refrigerator temperature (8°c in sweden) or at an abuse temperature (15°c) for up to 7 days. mixed-ingredient salad supported considerable growth when stored at 15°c during shelf life (3 days), with ...201728221975
growth, viability and architecture of biofilms of listeria monocytogenes formed on abiotic surfaces.the pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes can persist in food processing plants for many years, even when appropriate hygienic measures are in place, with potential for contaminating ready-to-eat products and, its ability to form biofilms on abiotic surfaces certainly contributes for the environmental persistence. in this research, l. monocytogenes was grown in biofilms up 8 days attached to stainless steel and glass surfaces, contributing for advancing the knowledge on architecture of mat ...201728237677
the prevalence of listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus and their virulence genes in bulk tank milk in kosovo.milk is considered to be a healthy, nutritious food product. microbiological quality is an important aspect in evaluating the quality of milk.201728368859
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