Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| chi3l1 regulation of inflammation and the effects on osteogenesis in a staphylococcus aureus-induced murine model of osteomyelitis. | osteomyelitis is an inflammation of the bone and bone marrow that occurs as a consequence of infections mainly attributed to staphylococcus aureus. in a previous study, we found that expression of the chitinase 3-like 1 (chi3l1) gene affected mineralization of mc3t3-e1 cells infected with s. aureus and there was increased expression of chi3l1 in the blood of osteomyelitis patients. in the present study, to further investigate the role of chi3l1 in osteomyelitis, we developed an s. aureus-induced ... | 2017 | 28391634 |
| study on the utility of a statewide counselling programme for improving mortality outcomes of patients with staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in thuringia (support): a study protocol of a cluster-randomised crossover trial. | staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia (sab) is a frequent infection with high mortality rates. it requires specific diagnostic and therapeutic management such as prolonged intravenous administration of antibiotics and aggressive search for and control of infectious sources. underestimation of disease severity frequently results in delayed or inappropriate management of patients with sab leading to increased mortality rates. according to observational studies, patient counselling by infectious diseas ... | 2017 | 28391236 |
| diverse mobilization strategies facilitate transfer of non-conjugative mobile genetic elements. | conjugation is a dominant mechanism of horizontal gene transfer and substantially contributes to the plasticity and evolvability of prokaryotic genomes. the impact of conjugation on genetic flux extends well beyond self-transmissible conjugative elements, because non-conjugative 'mobilizable elements' utilize other elements' conjugative apparatus for transfer. bacterial genome comparisons highlight plasmids as vehicles for dissemination of pathogenesis and antimicrobial-resistance determinants, ... | 2017 | 28391142 |
| screening for nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus among patients scheduled to undergo orthopedic surgery: incidence of surgical site infection by nasal carriage. | staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus), including mrsa, is considered to be the leading cause of surgical site infection (ssi) after orthopedic surgery. we screened for nasal carriers of s. aureus among patients who were scheduled to undergo orthopedic surgery at our hospital to reveal the effect of nasal s. aureus carriage on ssi. our study design clearly has the intent of finding s. aureus nasal carriage and eradicating mrsa when found, and this strategy is to verify whether it's effective for prev ... | 2017 | 28390756 |
| early local delivery of vancomycin suppresses ectopic bone formation in a rat model of trauma-induced heterotopic ossification. | heterotopic ossification (ho) is a debilitating sequela of high-energy injuries. it frequently requires surgical excision once symptomatic and there is no practical prophylaxis for combat-injured patients. in this study, we examined the effect of local vancomycin powder on ho formation in a small animal model of blast-related, post-traumatic ho. male sprague-dawley rats were subjected to a polytraumatic extremity injury and amputation with or without methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus i ... | 2017 | 28390182 |
| antimicrobial agents for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients. | peritoneal dialysis (pd) is an important therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease and is used in more than 200,000 such patients globally. however, its value is often limited by the development of infections such as peritonitis and exit-site and tunnel infections. multiple strategies have been developed to reduce the risk of peritonitis including antibiotics, topical disinfectants to the exit site and antifungal agents. however, the effectiveness of these strategies has been variable a ... | 2017 | 28390069 |
| influence of molecular characteristics in the prognosis of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections: beyond the species and the antibiogram. | we have explored the relationship of phenotypic (antibiogram, β-haemolysis, agr functionality, biofilm formation) and genotypic characteristics on the prognosis of 18 cases of methicillin-resistant s. aureus prosthetic joint infection (2005-2015). all isolates belonged to cc5, and had agr type ii. this pilot study suggests that phage-borne genes belonging to the immune evasion cluster (chp, sak and scn) were more frequent among episodes with treatment failure (80.0 vs. 37.5%). | 2017 | 28389926 |
| carcinogenic activities and sperm abnormalities of methicillin resistance staphylococcus aureus and inhibition of their virulence potentials by ayamycin. | this investigation aimed to study the in vivo harmful effects of the subcutaneous injection of different methicillin resistance staphylococcus aureus extracts (mrsa2, mrsa4, mrsa10, mrsa69, mrsa70, mrsa76, and mrsa78). such strains represented the highest minimum inhibition concentration toward methicillin with various multidrug-resistant patterns. the obtained results revealed that rats injected with the mrsa4 extract died immediately after the last dose indicating the high cytotoxicity of mrsa ... | 2017 | 28389766 |
| airborne pathogens inside automobiles for domestic use: assessing in-car air decontamination devices using staphylococcus aureus as the challenge. | family cars represent ∼74% of the yearly global output of motorized vehicles. with the life-expectancy of ∼8 decades in many countries, one spends >100 minutes daily inside the confined and often shared space of the car with exposure to a mix of potentially harmful microbes. can commercial in-car air microbial decontamination devices mitigate the risk? three such devices (designated as device #s1-3) with hepa filters were tested in the modified passenger cabin (3.25 m3) of a four-door sedan hous ... | 2017 | 28389537 |
| canine scent detection as a tool to distinguish meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | 2017 | 28389090 | |
| biomimetic bacterial identification platform based on thermal wave transport analysis (twta) through surface imprinted polymers. | this article introduces a novel bacterial identification assay based on thermal wave analysis through surface-imprinted polymers (sips). aluminum chips are coated with sips, serving as synthetic cell receptors that have been combined previously with the heat-transfer method (htm) for the selective detection of cancer cells, macrophages and, more recently, bacteria. in this work, the concept of bacterial identification is extended towards the detection of nine different bacterial species. in addi ... | 2017 | 28388095 |
| inhibition of fracture healing in the presence of contamination by staphylococcus aureus: effects of growth state and immune response. | extremity injuries comprise a significant portion of trauma, affecting quality of life, financial burden, and return to duty. bacterial contamination is commonly associated with failure to heal, despite antibiotic treatment, suggesting that additional therapies must be developed to combat these complications. treatment failure is likely due to the presence of resistant microbial communities known as biofilms. biofilm bacteria are able to elicit a direct inhibition of healing through a multitude ... | 2017 | 28387956 |
| does intrawound vancomycin application during spine surgery create vancomycin-resistant organism? | surgical site infection (ssi) following spine surgery is a morbid and expensive complication. the use of intrawound vancomycin is emerging as a solution to reduce ssi. the development of vancomycin-resistant pathogens is an understandable concern. | 2017 | 28387851 |
| hydrogels with modulated ionic load for mammalian cell harvesting with reduced bacterial adhesion. | in this manuscript, we describe the fabrication of hydrogel supports for mammalian cell handling that can simultaneously prevent materials from microbial contamination and therefore allow storage in aqueous media. for that purpose, hydrogels based on the antifouling polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp) were functionalized with different ionic groups (anionic, cationic or two types of zwitterions). in order to prevent bacterial adhesion in a long term, we took advantage of the synergistic effect of ... | 2017 | 28387521 |
| targeting microbial biofilms using ficin, a nonspecific plant protease. | biofilms, the communities of surface-attached bacteria embedded into extracellular matrix, are ubiquitous microbial consortia securing the effective resistance of constituent cells to environmental impacts and host immune responses. biofilm-embedded bacteria are generally inaccessible for antimicrobials, therefore the disruption of biofilm matrix is the potent approach to eradicate microbial biofilms. we demonstrate here the destruction of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis bio ... | 2017 | 28387349 |
| real-world experience with oritavancin therapy in invasive gram-positive infections. | oritavancin is a novel lipoglycopeptide approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. the pharmacokinetic profile and convenient one-time dosing make oritavancin an enticing option for other serious gram-positive infections requiring prolonged treatment courses. unfortunately, data for using oritavancin in these populations are limited. | 2017 | 28386776 |
| inhibition of biofilm formation on iodine-supported titanium implants. | we have developed iodine-supported titanium implants that suppress microbial activities and conducted in vivo and in vitro studies to determine their antimicrobial properties. | 2017 | 28386730 |
| study on synthesis and bioactivity of biotinylated emodin. | a novel compound biotinylated emodin was synthesized by a two-step acyl chloride method which connects the biotin to emodin with esterification reaction. the product was characterized with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, fourier transform infrared and high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry techniques. its antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus cmcc 26003 was investigated, and the emodin- and biotinylated emodin-caused antibacterial mechanism was prop ... | 2017 | 28386632 |
| fabrication and characterization of electrospun poly(e-caprolactone) fibrous membrane with antibacterial functionality. | this research study is mainly targeted on fabrication and characterization of antibacterial poly(e-caprolactone) (pcl) based fibrous membrane containing silver chloride particles. micro/nano fibres were produced by electrospinning and characterized with tga, dsc, sem and mechanical analysis. it was found that addition of silver particles slightly reduced onset of thermal degradation and increased crystallization temperature of neat pcl. silver-loaded samples exhibited higher tensile stress and l ... | 2017 | 28386444 |
| identification of ellagic acid rhamnoside as a bioactive component of a complex botanical extract with anti-biofilm activity. | staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections. it is listed among the top "serious threats" to human health in the usa, due in large part to rising rates of resistance. many s. aureus infections are recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy due to their ability to form a biofilm, which acts not only as a physical barrier to antibiotics and the immune system, but results in differences in metabolism that further restricts antibiotic efficacy. development of a modular strategy ... | 2017 | 28386254 |
| evaluation of hiaureus(tm) coagulase confirmation kit in identification of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is a facultative anaerobic gram positive coccal bacterium whose incidence ranges to different infections. it is a cause of various uncomplicated skin infections, abscesses, septicaemia/bacteraemia, gastroenteritis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome and food intoxications. various methods with varied time, sensitivities, specificities and costs are available, but may not be used as a reliable test for the identification and differentiation of s. aureus. therefore, there is ... | 2017 | 28384859 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus as a uropathogen in an irish setting. | urinary tract infections are one of the most common infectious diseases diagnosed in the community and in the hospital setting. their treatment is complicated by drug-resistant pathogens and the colonization by microbes of indwelling urinary catheters. this study assessed the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) uropathogens isolated for 5 consecutive years at university hospital waterford between 2010 and 2014. we created 4 clinically ... | 2017 | 28383394 |
| current clinical trials on the use of ceftaroline in the pediatric population. | the rate of antibiotic resistance in children continues to rise requiring the use of new antibiotics. ceftaroline fosamil, a newer-generation cephalosporin, was recently approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in children aged >2 months. ceftaroline provides coverage against staphylococcal and streptococcal infections, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and penicillin-resistant streptococcus pn ... | 2017 | 28382572 |
| development of novel antibiotic lysocin e identified by silkworm infection model. | in this symposium, we reported the identification and mechanistic analysis of a novel antibiotic named lysocin e. lysocin e was identified by screening for therapeutic effectiveness in a silkworm staphylococcus aureus infection model. the advantages of the silkworm infection model for screening and purification of antibiotics from the culture supernatant of soil bacteria are: 1) low cost; 2) no ethical issues; 3) convenient for evaluation of the therapeutic effectiveness of antibiotics; and 4) p ... | 2017 | 28381711 |
| a novel multiplex pcr assay for the detection of chlorhexidine/quaternary ammonium, mupirocin and methicillin resistance genes with simultaneous discrimination of staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a clinically significant pathogen resistant to a wide variety of antibiotics and responsible for a large number of nosocomial infections worldwide. the agency for healthcare research and quality and the centers for disease control and prevention recently recommended to adopt universal mupirocin/chlorhexidine decolonization of all admitted intensive care unit patients, rather than mrsa screening with targeted treatments, which raises the serio ... | 2017 | 28381601 |
| localization of staphylococcus aureus in tissue from the nasal vestibule in healthy carriers. | colonization of the body is an important step in staphylococcus aureus infection. s. aureus colonizes skin and mucous membranes in humans and several animal species. one important ecological niche of s. aureus is the anterior nares. more than 60% of the s. aureus in the nose are found in vestibulum nasi. our aim was to describe the localization of s. aureus in nasal tissue from healthy carriers. | 2017 | 28381253 |
| high vancomycin mics predict the development of infective endocarditis in patients with catheter-related bacteraemia due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | it has been suggested that there is an increased risk of treatment failure in episodes of mrsa bloodstream infection (bsi) caused by strains with high vancomycin mics. however, it is unknown if this phenomenon may also act as a risk factor for the development of infective endocarditis (ie). | 2017 | 28379553 |
| the rna targetome of staphylococcus aureus non-coding rna rsaa: impact on cell surface properties and defense mechanisms. | the virulon of staphyloccocus aureus is controlled by intricate connections between transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators including proteins and small non-coding rnas (srnas). many of the srnas regulate gene expression through base-pairings with mrnas. however, characterization of the direct srna targets in gram-positive bacteria remained a difficult challenge. here, we have applied and adapted the ms2-affinity purification approach coupled to rna sequencing (maps) to determine the ... | 2017 | 28379505 |
| definitive treatment for methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: data versus a definitive answer? | 2017 | 28379366 | |
| an automated, pharmacist-driven initiative improves quality of care for staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. | infectious diseases (id) consultation and antimicrobial stewardship intervention have been shown to improve the management of staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (sab). as the workload of antimicrobial stewardship programs (asps) continues to increase, asps must find a way to maximize the efficiency of the program while optimizing patient outcomes. the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating health informatics into the management of sab via a pharmacist-driven initiative ... | 2017 | 28379326 |
| comparative effectiveness of cefazolin versus nafcillin or oxacillin for treatment of methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus infections complicated by bacteremia: a nationwide cohort study. | to treat patients with methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) infections, beta-lactams are recommended for definitive therapy; however the comparative effectiveness of individual beta-lactams is unknown. this study compared definitive therapy with cefazolin versus nafcillin or oxacillin among patients with mssa infections complicated by bacteremia. | 2017 | 28379314 |
| characteristics and clinical assessment of antibiotic delivery by chitosan sponge in the high-risk diabetic foot: a case series. | the local delivery of antimicrobials is attractive for a number of reasons. chitosan, a biodegradable polysaccharide sponge material, has been proposed as medium to deliver antibiotics directly to wounds. in this report we evaluate the safety and practicality of antimicrobial delivery via chitosan sponge. | 2017 | 28379101 |
| albumin reduces the antibacterial efficacy of wound antiseptics against staphylococcus aureus. | the influence of proteins on the efficacy of antiseptic solutions has been rarely investigated even though exudate can contain high levels of protien. the aim of this study was to analyse the antibacterial efficacy of commonly used solutions in the presence of albumin protein. | 2017 | 28379100 |
| an insight into the antibiofilm properties of costa rican stingless bee honeys. | there is an increasing search for antibiofilm agents that either have specific activity against biofilms or may act in synergy with antimicrobials. our objective is to examine the the antibiofilm properties of stingless bee honeys. | 2017 | 28379095 |
| translational pharmacometric evaluation of typical antibiotic broad-spectrum combination therapies against staphylococcus aureus exploiting in vitro information. | broad-spectrum antibiotic combination therapy is frequently applied due to increasing resistance development of infective pathogens. the objective of the present study was to evaluate two common empiric broad-spectrum combination therapies consisting of either linezolid or vancomycin combined with meropenem against staphylococcus aureus as the most frequent causative pathogen of severe infections. a semi-mechanistic pk-pd model mimicking a simplified bacterial life-cycle of s. aureus was develop ... | 2017 | 28378945 |
| histones from avian erythrocytes exhibit antibiofilm activity against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus, a human pathogen associated with many illnesses and post-surgical infections, can resist treatment due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains and through biofilm formation. the current treatments for chronic biofilm infections are antibiotics and/or surgical removal of the contaminated medical device. due to higher morbidity and mortality rates associated with overuse/misuse of antibiotics, alternate treatments are essential. this study reports the antibiofilm ac ... | 2017 | 28378802 |
| diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections (ssti). a literature review and consensus statement: an update. | skin and soft-tissue infections (sstis) are among the most common bacterial infections, posing considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. fourteen members of the italian society of infectious diseases, after a careful review of the most recent literature using medline database and their own clinical experience, updated a previous paper published in 2011 by preparing a draught manuscript of the statements. the manuscript was successively reviewed by all members and ultimately re-formulat ... | 2017 | 28378613 |
| inhalable andrographolide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes for treatment of staphylococcus aureus pneumonia by regulating immune responses. | bacterial pneumonia is a serious disease with high mortality if no appropriate and immediate therapy is available. andrographolide (ag) is an anti-inflammatory agent extracted from a traditional chinese herb andrographis paniculata. oral ag tablets and pills are clinically applied for treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. however, the low solubility and bioavailability of ag lead to high doses and long-term therapy. here we developed an andrographolide-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex ... | 2017 | 28378587 |
| efficacy of vaccination and nisin z treatments to eliminate intramammary staphylococcus aureus infection in lactating cows. | this study evaluated the effect of a staphylococcus aureus bacterin and nisin on bovine subclinical mastitis. a total of 75 holstein subclinically mastitic cows were randomly allocated to three groups with 25 cows per group. in group i, an intramammary infusion of nisin z at a dose of 2.50×10(6) iu was carried out once daily for three days, and an autogenous s. aureus bacterin was inoculated into the supramammary lymph node one week before and one week after nisin treatment. in group ii, nisin w ... | 2017 | 28378574 |
| staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin-sensitization is associated with allergic poly-sensitization and allergic multimorbidity in adolescents. | staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) carriage and sensitization to s. aureus enterotoxins (ses) has been associated with allergic diseases. from the tromsø study fit futures 2, we have previously shown an association between s. aureus carriage and severe allergic disease and allergic multimorbidity. however, the role of s. aureus carriage and se-sensitization on allergic multimorbidity and allergic sensitization is unclear. | 2017 | 28378344 |
| il-17a plays an important role in protection induced by vaccination with fibronectin-binding domain of fibronectin-binding protein a against staphylococcus aureus infection. | fibronectin-binding protein a (fnbpa) of staphylococcus aureus is a microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules and has been known as one of the most important virulence factors involved in the initiation step of s. aureus infection. therefore, it has been considered as a potential vaccine candidate. previous studies have reported that vaccination with fnbpa protects animals against s. aureus infection. in this study, we demonstrated that vaccination with fibronectin-bindin ... | 2017 | 28378247 |
| ventilator-associated pneumonia by methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus: do minimum inhibitory concentrations to vancomycin and daptomycin matter? | the use of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) as an outcome predictor in patients with methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa) bacteremia has become an important topic for debate in the last few years. given these previous results, we decided to investigate whether mics to vancomycin or daptomycin had any effect on the evolution of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) due to mssa. an observational, retrospective, multicenter study was conducted among pa ... | 2017 | 28378244 |
| prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy for prosthetic joint infection in the elderly: a national multicentre cohort study. | during prosthetic joint infection (pji), optimal surgical management with exchange of the device is sometimes impossible, especially in the elderly population. thus, prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy (psat) is the only option to prevent acute sepsis, but little is known about this strategy. we aimed to describe the characteristics, outcome and tolerance of psat in elderly patients with pji. we performed a national cross-sectional cohort study of patients >75 years old and treated with psa ... | 2017 | 28378243 |
| [antibiotic stewardship and staphylococcus aureus bacteremia]. | rates of antibiotic resistance are increasing worldwide and impact on the treatment of patients with bacterial infections. a broad and uncritical application in inpatient and outpatient settings as well as in agriculture has been recognized as the main driving force. antibiotic stewardship (abs) programs aim at countering this worrisome development using various direct interventions such as infectious disease counseling. blood stream infections caused by staphylococcus (s.) aureus are severe inf ... | 2017 | 28378151 |
| defining motility in the staphylococci. | the ability of bacteria to move is critical for their survival in diverse environments and multiple ways have evolved to achieve this. two forms of motility have recently been described for staphylococcus aureus, an organism previously considered to be non-motile. one form is called spreading, which is a type of sliding motility and the second form involves comet formation, which has many observable characteristics associated with gliding motility. darting motility has also been observed in stap ... | 2017 | 28378043 |
| host response to staphylococcus epidermidis colonization and infections. | the majority of research in the staphylococcus field has been dedicated to the understanding of staphylococcus aureus infections. in contrast, there is limited information on infections by coagulase-negative staphylococci (cons) and how the host responds to them. s. epidermidis, a member of the coagulase-negative staphylococci, is an important commensal organism of the human skin and mucous membranes; and there is emerging evidence of its benefit for human health in fighting off harmful microorg ... | 2017 | 28377905 |
| antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of staphylococcus aureus causing childhood pneumonia in shanghai. | staphylococcus aureus or methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a major pathogen causing pneumonia among children. to estimate the prevalence and molecular properties of s. aureus in children pneumonia in shanghai, china, 107 hospitalized children with s. aureus pneumonia from two children's hospitals from january 2014 through june 2015 were studied. s. aureus isolates from the respiratory specimens were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility, agr typing, toxin genes, multi ... | 2017 | 28377752 |
| vlp-based vaccine induces immune control of staphylococcus aureus virulence regulation. | staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) and mounting antibiotic resistance requires innovative treatment strategies. s. aureus uses secreted cyclic autoinducing peptides (aips) and the accessory gene regulator (agr) operon to coordinate expression of virulence factors required for invasive infection. of the four agr alleles (agr types i-iv and corresponding aips1-4), agr type i isolates are most frequently associated with invasive infection. cyclizat ... | 2017 | 28377579 |
| novel boronic acid derivatives of bis(indolyl) methane as anti-mrsa agents. | towards the search for a new generation of antibiotics to control methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), the design and synthesis of various bis indolyl methane (bim) derivatives based on their different electron donor and acceptor properties of the substituents have been made, in which boronic acid derivatives of bim are found to be active against mrsa. the observed evidence with the lead compound reveals their strong anti-mrsa activity, which paves the way of design and further de ... | 2017 | 28377058 |
| in vitro transfer of methicillin resistance determinants meca from methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) to methicillin susceptible staphylococcus aureus (mssa). | staphylococcus aureus more than any other human pathogen is a better model for the study of the adaptive evolution of bacterial resistance to antibiotics, as it has demonstrated a remarkable ability in its response to new antibiotics. this study was designed to investigate the in vitro transfer of meca gene from methicillin resistant s. aureus to methicillin susceptible s. aureus. | 2017 | 28376716 |
| impact of type i and iii interferons on respiratory superinfections due to multidrug-resistant pathogens. | the increased morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial pneumonias that are acquired following influenza infection are well appreciated by clinicians. one of the major components of the immune response to influenza is the induction of the types i and iii interferon cascades, which encompasses the activation of over 300 genes. the immunological consequences of ifn activation, while important for viral clearance, modify the host proinflammatory responses through effects on the inflammasome ... | 2017 | 28375519 |
| life after usa300: the rise and fall of a superbug. | the community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) epidemic in the united states is largely attributable to the meteoric rise of a single clone, referred to as usa300. this strain not only spread across the united states in just a few years to become the predominant cause of staphylococcal disease, but it also appears to have increased the overall number of skin and soft-tissue infections (sstis), increasing the overall disease burden. while usa300 still constitutes a ... | 2017 | 28375517 |
| production of valuable compounds by molds and yeasts. | we are pleased to dedicate this paper to dr julian e davies. julian is a giant among microbial biochemists. he began his professional career as an organic chemistry phd student at nottingham university, moved on to a postdoctoral fellowship at columbia university, then became a lecturer at the university of manchester, followed by a fellowship in microbial biochemistry at harvard medical school. in 1965, he studied genetics at the pasteur institute, and 2 years later joined the university of wis ... | 2017 | 27731337 |
| butyrate influences intracellular levels of adenine and adenine derivatives in the fungus penicillium restrictum. | butyrate, a small fatty acid, has an important role in the colon of ruminants and mammalians including the inhibition of inflammation and the regulation of cell proliferation. there is also growing evidence that butyrate is influencing the histone structure in mammalian cells by inhibition of histone deacetylation. butyrate shows furthermore an antimicrobial activity against fungi, yeast and bacteria, which is linked to its toxicity at a high concentration. in fungi there are indications that bu ... | 2017 | 28219521 |
| microfluidic droplet platform for ultrahigh-throughput single-cell screening of biodiversity. | ultrahigh-throughput screening (uhts) techniques can identify unique functionality from millions of variants. to mimic the natural selection mechanisms that occur by compartmentalization in vivo, we developed a technique based on single-cell encapsulation in droplets of a monodisperse microfluidic double water-in-oil-in-water emulsion (mde). biocompatible mde enables in-droplet cultivation of different living species. the combination of droplet-generating machinery with facs followed by next-gen ... | 2017 | 28202731 |
| bacterial reduction and shift with npwt after surgical debridements: a retrospective cohort study. | surgical debridement, negative-pressure wound therapy (npwt) and antibiotics are used for the treatment of open wounds. however, it remains unclear whether this treatment regimen is successful in the reduction and shift of the bacterial load. | 2017 | 27988849 |
| active antibacterial and antifouling surface coating via a facile one-step enzymatic cross-linking. | prevention of microbial contamination of surfaces is one of the biggest challenges for biomedical applications. establishing a stable, easily produced, highly antibacterial surface coating offers an efficient solution but remains a technical difficulty. here, we report on a new approach to create an in situ hydrogel film-coating on glass surfaces made by enzymatic cross-linking under physiological conditions. the cross-linking is catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase (hrp)/glucose oxidase (god)-co ... | 2017 | 28005352 |
| long-chain alkyl cyanides: unprecedented volatile compounds released by pseudomonas and micromonospora bacteria. | the analysis of volatiles from bacterial cultures revealed long-chain aliphatic nitriles, a new class of natural products. such nitriles are produced by both gram-positive micromonospora echinospora and gram-negative pseudomonas veronii bacteria, although the structures differ. a variable sequence of chain elongation and dehydration in the fatty acid biosynthesis leads to either unbranched saturated or unsaturated nitriles with an ω-7 double bond, such as (z)-11-octadecenenitrile, or methyl-bran ... | 2017 | 28276609 |
| infectious keratitis in south australia: emerging resistance to cephazolinq. | to analyze the microbiologic spectrum and patterns of resistance of infectious keratitis in patients treated at a tertiary hospital in south australia. | 2017 | 28221427 |
| treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis with topical lomefloxacin 0.3% compared to topical ofloxacin 0.3. | the main purpose of this prospective study was to compare the efficacy, local tolerance, and safety of topical lomefloxacin 0.3% and topical ofloxacin 0.3% in the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. patiens and methods. forty patients with acute bacterial conjunctivitis were included in a randomized, prospective, parallel-group study. twenty patients were assigned to the lomefloxacin group (okacin, ciba vision ophthalmics) and 20 patients to ofloxacin (oflox, allergan). lomefloxacin 0.3 ... | 2017 | 28252678 |
| evaluation of lactic acid as an antibacterial agent. | fifty strains each of staphylococcus aureus, beta haemolytic streptococci, proteus species, esch coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa were subjected to 2%, 1 % and 0. 1 % lactic acid in peptorie water. minimum inhibitory concentration of lactic acid for all the strains of each of these organisms was 0.1% or 1%. depending upon its concentration, lactic acid added to peptone water brings down the ph to 2.5-4 which by itself has some inhibitory effect on the microorganisms. lactic acid however, retains ... | 2017 | 28223586 |
| time course study of delayed wound healing in a biofilm-challenged diabetic mouse model. | bacterial biofilm has been shown to play a role in delaying wound healing of chronic wounds, a major medical problem that results in significant health care burden. a reproducible animal model could be very valuable for studying the mechanism and management of chronic wounds. our previous work showed that pseudomonas aeruginosa (pao1) biofilm challenge on wounds in diabetic (db/db) mice significantly delayed wound healing. in this wound time course study, we further characterize the bacterial bu ... | 2017 | 22564229 |
| update of the activity of telavancin against a global collection of staphylococcus aureus causing bacteremia, including endocarditis (2011-2014). | the efficacy and safety of telavancin is under evaluation for the treatment of subjects with complicated staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and s. aureus right-sided infective endocarditis. this study evaluated the telavancin activity against a global collection of s. aureus causing bloodstream infections (bsi), including endocarditis, to support the development of bacteremia/endocarditis clinical indications. this study included a total of 4191 s. aureus [1490 methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrs ... | 2017 | 28111724 |
| high frequency of sccmec type v and agr type i among heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus (hvisa) in north india. | the objective of this study was to compare the genetic features of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus (hvisa) and vancomycin-sensitive methicillin-resistant s. aureus (vs-mrsa) isolates. | 2017 | 28109847 |
| modulation of the antibiotic activity against multidrug resistant strains of coumarins isolated from rutaceae species. | the first occurrences and dissemination of resistant microorganisms led to the inefficacy of many antibiotics, available in the market nowadays, therefore, the search for new substances with antimicrobial activity from natural sources has gained a great importance. the purpose of this work is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and modulation of drug resistance in staphylococcus aureus by coumarins such as bergapten, xantotoxin, isopimpinellin and imperatorin obtained from two rutaceae specie ... | 2017 | 28109770 |
| eight unexpected cases of vancomycin associated acute kidney injury with contemporary dosing. | vancomycin is one of the most commonly utilized antibiotics in us hospitals. it remains the drug of choice for the treatment of serious infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. for many of these deep-seated infections, guidelines recommend achieving troughs of 15-20 mg/l for treatment efficacy. at our institution we observed a number of cases of presumed vancomycin-induced acute tubular necrosis clinically diagnosed by the nephrology service. we report eight cases of pre ... | 2017 | 28109741 |
| time-kill determination of the bactericidal activity of telavancin and vancomycin against clinical methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates from cancer patients. | the bactericidal activity of vancomycin and telavancin was compared against 4 clinical methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolates recently recovered from cancer patients, using minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc):mic ratios and time-kill studies. all 4 isolates were susceptible to both agents based on individual mic values. the 2 methodologies for assessing bactericidal activity produced variable results. telavancin appeared to have somewhat better bactericidal activity than vanco ... | 2017 | 28109549 |
| re-emergence of methicillin susceptibility in a resistant lineage of staphylococcus aureus. | mrsa is a leading cause of hospital-associated infection. acquired resistance is encoded by the meca gene or its homologue mecc, but little is known about the evolutionary dynamics involved in gain and loss of resistance. the objective of this study was to obtain an expanded understanding of staphylococcus aureus methicillin resistance microevolution in vivo, by focusing on a single lineage. | 2017 | 28108681 |
| molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus isolated from blood in rio de janeiro displaying susceptibility profiles to non-β-lactam antibiotics. | the distinction between healthcare-associated mrsa (ha-mrsa) and community-associated mrsa (ca-mrsa) infections has become increasingly blurred. we assessed the molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance profile for mrsa isolates from blood. most of all (81.9%) isolates are related to known ha-mrsa and ca-mrsa epidemic lineages, such as, usa300, usa400, usa600, usa800 and usa1100. this is the first multicenter study in rio de janeiro. | 2017 | 28108350 |
| nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus among children in the ashanti region of ghana. | nasal carriage with staphylococcus aureus is a common risk factor for invasive infections, indicating the necessity to monitor prevalent strains, particularly in the vulnerable paediatric population. this surveillance study aims to identify carriage rates, subtypes, antimicrobial susceptibilities and virulence markers of nasal s. aureus isolates collected from children living in the ashanti region of ghana. | 2017 | 28107412 |
| implementation of a pediatric orthopaedic bundle to reduce surgical site infections. | surgical site infections (ssis) cost an estimated $27,288 per case. an analysis of the national surgical quality improvement program data at the university of rochester medical center suggested that rates of ssis could be lowered in comparison with both peers and baseline. the aim of this study was to reduce the number of ssis to zero through the implementation of a "bundle" or a combination of practices. meetings were held with the multidisciplinary care team that includes surgeons and staff fr ... | 2017 | 28107301 |
| sustainable release of vancomycin from silk fibroin nanoparticles for treating severe bone infection in rat tibia osteomyelitis model. | the successful treatment of bone infections is a major challenge in the field of orthopedics. there are some common methods for treating bone infections, including systemic antibiotic administration, local nondegradable drug vehicles, and surgical debridement, and each of these approaches has advantages and disadvantages. in the present study, the antibiotic vancomycin (vanco) was loaded in silk fibroin nanoparticles (sfnps) and the complexes were then entrapped in silk scaffolds to form sustain ... | 2017 | 28106379 |
| complete-genome sequencing elucidates outbreak dynamics of ca-mrsa usa300 (st8-spa t008) in an academic hospital of paramaribo, republic of suriname. | we report the investigation of an outbreak situation of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) that occurred at the academic hospital paramaribo (azp) in the republic of suriname from april to may 2013. we performed whole genome sequencing with complete gap closure for chromosomes and plasmids on all isolates. the outbreak involved 12 patients and 1 healthcare worker/nurse at the azp. in total 24 isolates were investigated. spa typing, genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) ... | 2017 | 28106148 |
| identification of lukpq, a novel, equid-adapted leukocidin of staphylococcus aureus. | bicomponent pore-forming leukocidins are a family of potent toxins secreted by staphylococcus aureus, which target white blood cells preferentially and consist of an s- and an f-component. the s-component recognizes a receptor on the host cell, enabling high-affinity binding to the cell surface, after which the toxins form a pore that penetrates the cell lipid bilayer. until now, six different leukocidins have been described, some of which are host and cell specific. here, we identify and charac ... | 2017 | 28106142 |
| low molecular weight chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles are effective for the treatment of mrsa-infected wounds. | silver nanoparticles (agnps) are being widely applied as topical wound materials; however, accumulated deposition of silver in the liver, spleen, and other main organs may lead to organ damage and dysfunction. we report here that low molecular weight chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles (lmwc-agnps) are effective against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), have better biocompatibility, and have lower body absorption characteristics when compared with polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated s ... | 2017 | 28115847 |
| targeting alpha toxin to mitigate its lethal toxicity in ferret and rabbit models of staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia. | the role broad-spectrum antibiotics play in the spread of antimicrobial resistance, coupled with their effect on the healthy microbiome, has led to advances in pathogen-specific approaches for the prevention or treatment of serious bacterial infections. one approach in clinical testing is passive immunization with a monoclonal antibody (mab) targeting alpha toxin for the prevention or treatment of staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. passive immunization with the human anti-alpha toxin mab, medi4893 ... | 2017 | 28115346 |
| synergistic antibacterial effect of co-administering adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and ophiophagus hannah l-amino acid oxidase in a mouse model of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds. | mesenchymal stromal cells (mscs) and ophiophagus hannah l-amino acid oxidase (oh-laao) have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). published data have indicated that synergistic antibacterial effects could be achieved by co-administration of two or more antimicrobial agents. however, this hypothesis has not been proven in a cell- and protein-based combination. in this study, we investigate if co-administration of adipose-derive ... | 2017 | 28114965 |
| targeting staphylococcus aureus in pediatric surviving sepsis bundles-reply. | 2017 | 28114654 | |
| targeting staphylococcus aureus in pediatric surviving sepsis bundles. | 2017 | 28114621 | |
| what lies within: the human body might well be one of the best sources for new antibiotics. | in 1991, a group of italian researchers announced that they had isolated a new antibiotic from a chemical soup brewed with a soil-dwelling bacteria called planobispora rosea. the drug was a type of thiopeptide, effective against grampositive bacteria like staphylococcus aureus, p. acnes, and c. difficile but uncooperative in terms of being harnessed for human medicines. little came of that work until around 2012, when pharma giant novartis reported that it had begun to experiment with the origin ... | 2017 | 28113163 |
| wall teichoic acids mediate increased virulence in staphylococcus aureus. | community-associated methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (ca-mrsa) are the cause of a severe pandemic consisting primarily of skin and soft tissue infections. the underlying pathomechanisms have not been fully understood and we report here a mechanism that plays an important role for the elevated virulence of ca-mrsa. surprisingly, skin abscess induction in an animal model was correlated with the amount of a major cell wall component of s. aureus, termed wall teichoic acid (wta). ca-mrsa ... | 2017 | 28112716 |
| identification, ontogeny and expression analysis of a novel laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (lgp2) transcript in asian seabass, lates calcarifer. | lgp2 (laboratory of genetics and physiology 2) is an important member of the retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs), which plays a significant role in antiviral innate immunity. in this study, we have cloned the full-length cdna sequence of lgp2 from asian seabass, lates calcarifer (aslgp2). the complete aslgp2 cdna sequence consisted of 2586 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 681 amino acids with a molecular mass of 77.6 kda. from the aslgp2 protein, four different ... | 2017 | 28119144 |
| synergistic antibacterial effects of herbal extracts and antibiotics on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: a computational and experimental study. | antibiotic resistance has become a serious global concern, and the discovery of antimicrobial herbal constituents may provide valuable solutions to overcome the problem. in this study, the effects of therapies combining antibiotics and four medicinal herbs on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) were investigated. specifically, the synergistic effects of magnolia officinalis, verbena officinalis, momordica charantia, and daphne genkwa in combination with oxacillin or gentamicin aga ... | 2017 | 28118725 |
| nonwoven polymer nanofiber coatings that inhibit quorum sensing in staphylococcus aureus: toward new nonbactericidal approaches to infection control. | we report the fabrication and biological evaluation of nonwoven polymer nanofiber coatings that inhibit quorum sensing (qs) and virulence in the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus. our results demonstrate that macrocyclic peptide 1, a potent and synthetic nonbactericidal quorum sensing inhibitor (qsi) in s. aureus, can be loaded into degradable polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and that this approach can deposit qsi-loaded nanofiber coatings onto model nonwoven mesh substrates. the qsi was ... | 2017 | 28118541 |
| obesity and skin and soft tissue infections: how to optimize antimicrobial usage for prevention and treatment? | skin and soft tissue infections (sstis) are prevalent in the obese population, with rising trend expected. although numerous antibiotics are available for the prevention and treatment of sstis, their characterization in obese patients is not a regulatory mandate. consequently, information that carries importance for optimizing the dosing regimen in the obese population may not be readily available. this review focuses on the most recent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data on this topic with ... | 2017 | 28118218 |
| pseudopolyrotaxane formation in the synthesis of cyclodextrin polymers: effects on drug delivery, mechanics, and cell compatibility. | numerous groups have reported the use of cyclodextrin (cd)-based polymers for drug delivery applications due to their capacity to form inclusions with small molecule drugs, delaying the rate of drug release beyond that of diffusion alone (termed "affinity-based" drug delivery). herein we demonstrate synthesis and characterization of a new family of cd-based polymers, some as pseudopolyrotaxanes, generated under mild (aqueous, room temperature) conditions. the formation of these new affinity poly ... | 2017 | 28117991 |
| above and beyond c5a receptor targeting by staphylococcal leucotoxins: retrograde transport of panton-valentine leucocidin and γ-hemolysin. | various membrane receptors associated with the innate immune response have recently been identified as mediators of the cellular action of staphylococcus aureus leucotoxins. two of these, the panton-valentine leucotoxin luks-pv/lukf-pv and the γ-hemolysin hlgc/hlgb, bind the c5a complement-derived peptide receptor. these leucotoxins utilize the receptor to induce intracellular ca(2+) release from internal stores, other than those activated by c5a. the two leucotoxins are internalized with the ph ... | 2017 | 28117704 |
| pharmacophore-based repositioning of approved drugs as novel staphylococcus aureus nora efflux pump inhibitors. | an intriguing opportunity to address antimicrobial resistance is represented by the inhibition of efflux pumps. focusing on nora, the most important efflux pump of staphylococcus aureus, an efflux pump inhibitors (epis) library was used for ligand-based pharmacophore modeling studies. by exploitation of the obtained models, an in silico drug repositioning approach allowed for the identification of novel and potent nora epis. | 2017 | 28117588 |
| safety assessment of staphylococcus phages of the family myoviridae based on complete genome sequences. | staphylococcus phages of the myoviridae family have a wide host range and potential applications in phage therapy. in this report, safety assessments of these phages were conducted based on their complete genome sequences. the complete genomes of staphylococcus phages of the myoviridae family were analyzed, and the open reading frame (orfs) were compared with a pool of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes using the blast algorithm. in addition, the lifestyle of the phages (virulent or tempe ... | 2017 | 28117392 |
| the extracellular adherence protein (eap) of staphylococcus aureus acts as a proliferation and migration repressing factor that alters the cell morphology of keratinocytes. | staphyloccocus aureus is a major human pathogen and a common cause for superficial and deep seated wound infections. the pathogen is equipped with a large arsenal of virulence factors, which facilitate attachment to various eukaryotic cell structures and modulate the host immune response. one of these factors is the extracellular adherence protein eap, a member of the "secretable expanded repertoire adhesive molecules" (seram) protein family that possesses adhesive and immune modulatory properti ... | 2017 | 28117265 |
| a combination of ceftaroline and daptomycin has synergistic and bactericidal activity in vitro against daptomycin nonsusceptible methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). | there is an urgent need to optimize therapeutic options in patients with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) bacteremia who have failed conventional therapy. two clinical isolates were obtained from a 68-year-old male with persistent mrsa bacteremia before and after the development of daptomycin nonsusceptibility. the pharmacodynamic activity of monotherapies and combinations of ceftaroline, daptomycin, cefoxitin, nafcillin and vancomycin were evaluated in time-kill experiments ve ... | 2017 | 28116950 |
| characterisation of staphylococcus aureus isolates from bloodstream infections, democratic republic of the congo. | staphylococcus aureus is known worldwide as an invasive pathogen, but information on s. aureus from bloodstream infections in central africa remains scarce. a collection of s. aureus blood culture isolates recovered from hospitals in four provinces in the democratic republic of the congo (2009-2013) was assessed. a total of 27/108 isolates were methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa), of which >70% were co-resistant to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides and lincosamides. for mrsa and meth ... | 2017 | 28116552 |
| bilateral prosthetic hip joint infections associated with a psoas abscess. a case report. | psoas abscess is a recognized but under-diagnosed complication of prosthetic hip joint infections. | 2017 | 28116254 |
| evaluation of the biofilm forming ability and its associated genes in staphylococcus species isolates from bovine mastitis in argentinean dairy farms. | staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) are important causes of intramammary infection in dairy cattle, and their ability to produce biofilm is considered an important virulence property in the pathogenesis of mastitis. however, the published date on mechanisms and factors involved in infection persistence in the mammary gland remains unclear. the aim of this study was to investigate whether the main staphylococcus species involved in bovine intramammary infections posse ... | 2017 | 28131956 |
| tgf-β1 promotes staphylococcus aureus adhesion to and invasion into bovine mammary fibroblasts via the erk pathway. | fibroblasts are the structural base of mammary breast tissues. tgf-β1 can regulate the fibrotic process; however, it remains unclear whether tgf-β1 influences the susceptibility of fibroblasts to bacteria. staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) is a major bacterium in both chronic and subclinical mastitis in lactating cows that acts by invading host cells. to better understand the function of tgf-β1 in bovine mammary fibroblasts' (bmfbs) susceptibility to bacteria as well as the mechanisms involved, ... | 2017 | 28131949 |
| rapid and label-free detection of protein a by aptamer-tethered porous silicon nanostructures. | protein a, which is secreted by and displayed on the cell membrane of staphylococcus aureus is an important biomarker for s. aureus. thus, its rapid and specific detection may facilitate the pathogen identification and initiation of proper treatment. herein, we present a simple, label-free and rapid optical biosensor enabling specific detection of protein a. protein a-binding aptamer serves as the capture probe and is immobilized onto a nanostructured porous silicon thin film, which serves as th ... | 2017 | 28131857 |
| ceftaroline fosamil monotherapy for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a comparative clinical outcomes study. | vancomycin is the treatment of choice for methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) bacteremia; however, its use has been subject to scrutiny due to failure in severe infections. ceftaroline fosamil (cpt-f) is approved for mrsa acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, but not for bloodstream infections. the clinical outcomes of treatment with cpt-f in patients with mrsa bacteremia were evaluated. | 2017 | 28131729 |
| bengal bay clone st772-mrsa-v outbreak: conserved clone causes investigation challenges. | the bengal bay clone, st772-mrsa-v, associated with multi-drug resistance, panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl) and skin and soft tissue infections, is emerging worldwide. in norway, a country with low prevalence of meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), increased occurrence of st772-mrsa-v has also caused hospital outbreaks. the conserved nature of this clone challenged the outbreak investigations. | 2017 | 28131643 |
| cystatin c-guided vancomycin dosing in critically ill patients: a quality improvement project. | the aim of the study was to determine whether a vancomycin dosing algorithm based on estimated glomerular filtration rate from creatinine and cystatin c levels (egfrcr-cys) improves target trough concentration achievement compared to an algorithm based on estimated creatinine clearance (eclcr) in critically ill patients. | 2017 | 28131530 |
| sgrna scorer 2.0: a species-independent model to predict crispr/cas9 activity. | it has been possible to create tools to predict single guide rna (sgrna) activity in the crispr/cas9 system derived from streptococcus pyogenes due to the large amount of data that has been generated in sgrna library screens. however, with the discovery of additional crispr systems from different bacteria, which show potent activity in eukaryotic cells, the approach of generating large data sets for each of these systems to predict their activity is not tractable. here, we present a new guide rn ... | 2017 | 28146356 |