Publications

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a comparison of facemask and respirator filtration test methods.niosh published a federal register notice to explore the possibility of incorporating fda required filtration tests for surgical masks (sms) in the 42 cfr part 84 respirator certification process. there have been no published studies comparing the filtration efficiency test methods used for niosh certification of n95 filtering facepiece respirators (n95 ffrs) with those used by the fda for clearance of sms. to address this issue, filtration efficiencies of "n95 ffrs" including six n95 ffr models ...201727540979
the sequence variation and functional differentiation of crds in a scallop multiple crds containing lectin.a c-type lectin of multiple crds (cflec-4) from chlamys farreri was selected to investigate the sequence variation and functional differentiation of its crds. its four crds with epd/lsd, epn/fad, epn/lnd and epn/ynd key motifs were recombined separately. the recombinant proteins of crd1 and crd2 (designated as rcrd1 and rcrd2) could bind lps and mannan, while the recombinant proteins of crd3 and crd4 (designated as rcrd3 and rcrd4) could bind lps, pgn, mannan and glucan. moreover, rcrd3 displaye ...201727592049
identification and characterization of antibacterial compound(s) of cockroaches (periplaneta americana).infectious diseases remain a significant threat to human health, contributing to more than 17 million deaths, annually. with the worsening trends of drug resistance, there is a need for newer and more powerful antimicrobial agents. we hypothesized that animals living in polluted environments are potential sources of antimicrobials. under polluted milieus, organisms such as cockroaches encounter different types of microbes, including superbugs. such creatures survive the onslaught of superbugs an ...201727743045
microbiological trends and antimicrobial resistance in peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis, 2005 to 2014.♦ background: information related to the microbiology of peritonitis is critical to the optimal management of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (pd). the goal was to characterize the microbiological etiology and antimicrobial susceptibilities of pd-related peritonitis (pdrp) from 2005 to 2014, inclusive. ♦ methods: the distribution of organisms in culture-positive pdrp was described for new episodes and relapse infections, and further detailed for monomicrobial and polymicrobial peritonitis ...201727738087
in-situ synthesis of agnps in the natural/synthetic hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds: fabrication, characterization and antimicrobial activities.silver nanoparticles embedded within a nanofibrous polymer matrix have significant attention in recent years as an antimicrobial wound dressing materials. herein, we have fabricated a novel ag-polyurethane-zein hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for wound dressing applications. agnps were synthesized in-situ via reduction of silver nitrate in electrospinning solution. varying mass composition of the components showed the pronounced effect on the morphology and physicochemical properties of the composit ...201727552600
antimicrobial silver-filled silica nanorattles with low immunotoxicity in dendritic cells.the progression in the use of orthopedic implants has led to an increase in the absolute number of implant infections, triggering a search for more effective antibacterial coatings. nanorattles have recently gained interest in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, as encapsulation of the cargo inside the hollow structure provides a physical protection from the surrounding environment. here, silver-containing silica nanorattles (ag@sio2) were evaluated for their antimicrobial potential a ...201727545103
surgical wound infection in urology. analysis of risk factors and associated microorganisms.open surgery continues to have a fundamental role in urology, and one of its main complications is surgical wound infection. our objective was to analyse surgical wound infection in patients who underwent surgery in our department of urology and to assess the risk factors, microorganisms and resistances by type of surgery.201727567274
escherichia coli-derived and staphylococcus aureus-derived extracellular vesicles induce muc5ac expression via extracellular signal related kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in human airway epithelial cells.escherichia coli (e. coli) and staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) release extracellular vesicles (evs). e. coli-derived and s. aureus-derived evs are associated with neutrophilic respiratory inflammation. in neutrophilic respiratory inflammation of human, expression of mucin is increased in airway epithelial cells and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality of the affected patients. however, no study on the effects of evs on expression of mucin genes has been reported in airway epith ...201727595564
a systematic approach for developing bacteria-specific imaging tracers.the modern patient is increasingly susceptible to bacterial infections including those due to multidrug-resistant organisms (mdros). noninvasive whole-body analysis with pathogen-specific imaging technologies can significantly improve patient outcomes by rapidly identifying a source of infection and monitoring the response to treatment, but no such technology exists clinically.201727635025
designing of silk and zno based antibacterial and noncytotoxic bionanocomposite films and study of their mechanical and uv absorption behavior.bionanocomposites of sericin and polyvinyl alcohol (pva) were prepared by solution casting method and zinc oxide nanoparticles were impregnated within the polymer blend matrix through homogenous phase reaction between zinc chloride and sodium hydroxide at high temperature following an ex-situ co-precipitation method. the prepared bionanocomposites were characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electro ...201727608426
an integrated study on antimicrobial activity and ecotoxicity of quantum dots and quantum dots coated with the antimicrobial peptide indolicidin.this study attempts to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and the ecotoxicity of quantum dots (qds) alone and coated with indolicidin. to meet this objective, we tested the level of antimicrobial activity on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and we designed an ecotoxicological battery of test systems and indicators able to detect different effects using a variety of end points. the antibacterial activity was analyzed against staphylococcus aureus (atcc 6538), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atc ...201727616887
chemical constituents from the roots of ampelopsis delavayana and their antibacterial activities.two new aromatic glycosides, 2-methylphenyl o-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and 2-methylphenyl o-α-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-o-β-glucopyranoside (2), together with eight known compounds were isolated from the roots of ampelopsis delavayana. their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. furthermore, the in vitro antibacterial activities of 1 and 2 were investigated using serial twofold dilution in three bacteria including escherichia coli, pse ...201727615738
cellulose acetate-based composites with antimicrobial properties from embedded molybdenum trioxide particles.the objective of this research was to develop novel cellulose acetate (biopolymer) composite materials with an excellent antimicrobial activity by embedding molybdenum trioxide particles with unique high specific surface area. high surface area molybdenum trioxide particles were prepared from freshly precipitated molybdenum trioxide dihydrate (moo3 ·2h2 o) and subsequent calcination at 340°c under h2 /n2 gas. microbiological evaluation against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pseudomo ...201727646410
monitoring salmonella, campylobacter, escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in traditional free-range 'label rouge' broiler production: a 23-year survey programme.'label rouge' broiler free-range carcasses have been monitored since 1991, and broiler flocks since 2010, for contamination by the main foodborne zoonotic bacteria.201727699969
chemical characterization and cytoprotective effect of the hydroethanol extract from annona coriacea mart. (araticum).annona coriacea mart. (araticum) is a widely distributed tree in the cerrado. its value is attributed principally to the consumption of its fruit which possesses a large nutritive potential. the objective was to identify the chemical profile and evaluate the antimicrobial and cytoprotective activity of the hydroethanol extract of a. coriacea mart. (heac) leaves against the toxicity of mercury chloride.201727695264
antimicrobial filtration with electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers containing benzyl triethylammonium chloride: immersion, leaching, toxicity, and filtration tests.antimicrobial electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) (pva) nanofibers were synthesized by impregnating benzyl triethylammonium chloride (bteac) as an antimicrobial agent into pva nanofibers. the bteac-pva nanofibers were heat-methanol treated during the preparation for various tests. the bteac-pva nanofibers became more hydrophilic than the pva nanofibers due to incorporation of bteac. through heat-methanol treatment, thermal property, crystallinity, and water stability of bteac-pva nanofibers were imp ...201727750171
is ureaplasma spp. the leading causative agent of acute chorioamnionitis in women with preterm birth?aim of this study was to detect microorganisms in fetal membranes and placental tissue in preterm chorioamnionitis by combining fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) with broad range pcr. the combination of the two molecular techniques enables identification and localization of the microorganisms within the tissue, confirming their clinical relevance.201727756710
antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine, matrica drop mouthwash (chamomile extract), and normal saline on hospitalized patients with endotracheal tubes.the functions and use of mouthwashes are variable depending on their type. oral care in patients with endotracheal tubes is important to prevent side effects such as pneumonia. the aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine, drop of matrica mouthwash (chamomile extract), and normal saline on hospitalized patients with endotracheal tube in an intensive care unit (icu).201727904627
management of early-onset neonatal sepsis differs in the north and south of scandinavia.this study compared the management and outcomes of early-onset neonatal sepsis (eons) in two tertiary neonatal units in denmark and norway.201727935180
pegylated chitosan protected silver nanoparticles as water-borne coating for leather with antibacterial property.development of eco-labeled and effectively antibacterial coatings for final leather products has been desiderated both by industry and by consumers. herein, pegylated chitosan modified silver nanoparticles (peg-g-cs@agnps) were prepared and characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. the antimicrobial activity of such silver nanoparticles was investigated against gram-negative escherichia coli (e. coli) and gram-positive staphylococcus aur ...201727940031
antimicrobial resistance development following surgical site infections.surgical site infections (ssis) determine an increase in hospitalization time and antibiotic therapy costs. the aim of this study was to identify the germs involved in ssis in patients from the clinical emergency county hospital of craiova (scjuc) and to assess their resistance to antimicrobials, with comparisons between surgical wards and the intensive care unit (icu). the biological samples were subjected to classical bacteriological diagnostics. antibiotic resistance was tested by disc diffus ...201727959419
a novel cmos image sensor system for quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays to detect food-borne pathogens.loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) is considered as one of the alternatives to the conventional pcr and it is an inexpensive portable diagnostic system with minimal power consumption. the present work describes the application of lamp in real-time photon detection and quantitative analysis of nucleic acids integrated with a disposable complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (cmos) image sensor. this novel system works as an amplification-coupled detection platform, relying on a cmos i ...201727965010
preparation and characterisation of chlorogenic acid-gelatin: a type of biologically active film for coating preservation.chlorogenic acid (cga), a type of plant polyphenol, was conjugated onto gelatin (gel) to prepare a novel coating material for the preservation of fresh seafood. the optimal reaction molar ratio of cga to gelatin (4:1) was determined according to the cga content in the cga-gel conjugate. cga was confirmed to be successfully conjugated onto gelatin by (1)h nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. the antioxidant activity of cga-gel was proven to be higher than that o ...201727979255
antimicrobial peptides of meat origin - an in silico and in vitro analysis.the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of meat protein-derived peptides against selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the in silico and in vitro approach was combined to determine the potency of antimicrobial peptides derived from pig (sus scrofa) and cow (bos taurus) proteins. the in silico studies consisted of an analysis of the amino acid composition of peptides obtained from the campr database, their molecular weight and other physicochemical properties ...201728000569
toxicity and transformation of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in bacteria biofilm.impact of graphene based material (gnms) on bacteria biofilm has not been well understood yet. in this study, we compared the impact of graphene oxide (go) and reduced graphene oxide (rgo) on biofilm formation and development in luria-bertani (lb) medium using escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus as models. go significantly enhanced the cell growth, biofilm formation, and biofilm development even up to a concentration of 500mg/l. in contrast, rgo (≥50mg/l) strongly inhibited cell growth an ...201728003049
reduced bacterial growth and increased osteoblast proliferation on titanium with a nanophase tio2 surface treatment.the attachment and initial growth of bacteria on an implant surface dictates the progression of infection. treatment often requires aggressive antibiotic use, which does not always work. to overcome the difficulties faced in systemic and local antibiotic delivery, scientists have forayed into using alternative techniques, which includes implant surface modifications that prevent initial bacterial adhesion, foreign body formation, and may offer a controlled inflammatory response.201728123296
characterization of buffy coat-derived granulocytes for clinical use: a comparison with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/dexamethasone-pretreated donor-derived products.buffy coat-derived granulocytes have been described as an alternative to the apheresis product from donors pretreated with dexamethasone and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf). the latter is - dependent on the local and national settings - obtained following a demanding and time-consuming procedure, which is undesirable in critically ill septic patients. in contrast, buffy coat-derived products have a large volume and are often heavily contaminated with red cells and platelets. we dev ...201728120426
new silver complexes with bioactive glycine and nicotinamide molecules - characterization, dna binding, antimicrobial and anticancer evaluation.this study introduces a pair of newly synthesized silver complexes, [ag2(hgly)2]n(no3)2n (1) and [ag(nam)2]no3·h2o (2) (gly - glycine, nam - nicotinamide), that were prepared and characterized by relevant methods in solid state (elemental, spectral, thermal and structural analysis) and their stability in solution was verified by (1)h nmr measurements. moreover, suitable reaction conditions were observed by potentiometry depending on ph in case of binary system ag-gly. x-ray analysis confirmed ar ...201727997856
original method for synthesis of chitosan-based antimicrobial agent by quaternary ammonium grafting.functionalized high molar mass chitosan derivatives with increased antibacterial properties were prepared by the reaction of chitosan with different quaternary ammonium salts. benzalkonium bromide, pyridinium bromide and triethyl ammonium bromide were synthesized by a quaternization reaction between 1,4-dibromobutane and the respective tertiary amines (n, n-dimethylbenzylamine, triethylamine and pyridine) to obtain three ammonium salts with a bromide end-group capable of reacting with a function ...201727987912
scaffolds of hydroxyl apatite nanoparticles disseminated in 1, 6-diisocyanatohexane-extended poly(1, 4-butylene succinate)/poly(methyl methacrylate) for bone tissue engineering.poly(1, 4-butyl succinate) extended 1, 6-diisocyanatohexane (pbsu-dch) polymers and polymethylmethacrylate (pmma) scaffolds decorated with nano hydroxyl apatite have been prepared and characterized for regeneration of bone in cranio-maxillofacial region. synthesized scaffolds revealed good response in bone regeneration and excellent cell viability in comparison to commercial available glass plate, which lead to better proliferation of mg-63 cell lines. additionally, they demonstrate high porosit ...201727987773
a novel tantalum-containing bioglass. part ii. development of a bioadhesive for sternal fixation and repair.with over a million median sternotomy surgeries performed worldwide every year, sternal wound complications have posed a serious risk to the affected patients. a rigid therapeutic sternal fixation device has therefore become a necessity. in this work, the incorporation of up to 0.5mol% of tantalum pentoxide (ta2o5), in exchange for zinc oxide (zno), into the sio2-zno-cao-sro-p2o5 glass system is presented. the effect of ta incorporation on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the ...201727987724
[etiological agents more common in primary hip and knee joint replacement infections in older adults].the most common etiological agents in periprosthetic infections are escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus. the frequency of these infections are found in knee replacement with 0.68 to 1.60% compared to the hip with 0.67 to 2.4%.201727984683
interleukin-1 receptor 2: a new biomarker for sepsis diagnosis and gram-negative/gram-positive bacterial differentiation.this study was undertaken to explore the value of interleukin-1 receptor 2 (il1r2) as a novel potential biomarker for diagnosis of sepsis and discrimination of gram-negative (g)/gram-positive (g) bacterial sepsis. the study was performed in kunming mice and septic patients. inactive escherichia coli or staphylococcus aureus were used to stimulate kunming mice (10 cfu/kg). in clinical study, septic patients with different pathogen infection were studied, and healthy volunteers and patients with s ...201727984536
coalescence of functional gold and monodisperse silver nanoparticles mediated by black panax ginseng meyer root extract.a rapid biological synthesis of multifunctional gold nanoparticle (aunp) and monodisperse silver nanoparticle (agnp) was achieved by an aqueous extract of black panax ginseng meyer root. the physicochemical transformation into black ginseng (bg) greatly enhanced the pharmacological activities of white ginseng and its minor ginsenoside content. the optimal temperature conditions and kinetics of bioreduction were investigated. formation of bg-aunps and bg-agnps was verified by ultraviolet-visible ...201728008248
cloning, expression and purification of autolysin from methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus: potency and challenge study in balb/c mice.staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is an opportunistic pathogen which causes a variety of clinical diseases and leads to high rates of morbidity and mortality. development of an effective vaccine appears to be a useful strategy to control the infection. here, the internal region of atl was cloned into the pet24a plasmid and expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3). cloning of atl was confirmed by colony-pcr, enzymatic digestion and sequencing. protein expressed in e coli, bl21 de3 and was confirmed with sds-pa ...201728006655
wrinkled surface-mediated antibacterial activity of graphene oxide nanosheets.surface wrinkles are commonly observed in large-scale of graphene films. as a new feature, the wrinkled surface of graphene films may directly affect bacterial viability by means of various interactions of bacterial cells with graphene sheets. in the present study, we introduce a wrinkled surface geometry of graphene oxide (go) thin films for antibacterial application. highly wrinkled go films were formed by vacuum filtration of a go suspension through a prestrained filter. several types of wrin ...201728004574
population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin in acutely hospitalized older patients with various degrees of renal function.a retrospective study was conducted in a large sample of acutely hospitalized older patients who underwent therapeutic drug monitoring during levofloxacin treatment. the aim was to assess the population pharmacokinetics (poppk) and pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin among older patients. poppk and monte carlo simulation were performed to define the permissible doses in older patients according to various degrees of renal function. classification and regression tree (cart) analysis was used to dete ...201728031199
ultrasonic nanoemulsification of food grade trans-cinnamaldehyde: 1,8-cineol and investigation of the mechanism of antibacterial activity.using ultrasonic technology, trans-cinnamaldehyde as a natural antibacterial compound was used to prepare nano size emulsions to increase its bioavailability and therefore bactericidal action. nanoemulsions containing trans-cinnamaldehyde as an active agent and 1,8 cineol as co additive oil (ostwald ripening inhibitor) were formulated using probe sonicator. three different determining factors, namely time of sonication, surfactant to oil ratio and type of emulsifier (tween 80 and tween 20) were ...201728029520
thaulin-1: the first antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of a patagonian frog pleurodema thaul (anura: leptodactylidae: leiuperinae) with activity against escherichia coli.patagonia's biodiversity has been explored from many points of view, however, skin secretions of native amphibians have not been evaluated for antimicrobial peptide research until now. in this sense, pleurodema thaul is the first amphibian specie to be studied from this large region of south america. analysis of cdna-encoding peptide in skin samples allowed identification of four new antimicrobial peptides. the predicted mature peptides were synthesized and all of them showed weak or null antimi ...201728025119
preliminary study on the corrosion resistance, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of selective-laser-melted ti6al4v-xcu alloys.in this study, a series of cu-bearing ti6al4v-xcu (x=0, 2, 4, 6wt%) alloys (shorten by ti6al4v, 2c, 4c, and 6c, respectively.) with antibacterial function were successfully fabricated by selective laser melting (slm) technology with mixed spherical powders of cu and ti6al4v for the first time. in order to systematically investigate the effects of cu content on the microstructure, phase constitution, corrosion resistance, antibacterial properties and cytotoxicity of slmed ti6al4v-xcu alloys, expe ...201728024632
pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles in critically ill patients with bloodstream infections: a descriptive study.surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is vital to guiding empirical treatment of infections. collating and reporting routine data on clinical isolate testing may offer more timely information about resistance patterns than traditional surveillance network methods.201728018869
cloning, expression, purification and biophysical analysis of two putative halogenases from the glycopeptide a47,934 gene cluster of streptomyces toyocaensis.glycopeptides are an important class of antibiotics used in the treatment of several infections, including those caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. glycopeptides are biosynthesized by a non ribosomal peptide synthase (nrps) and the resulting peptide precursors are decorated by several tailoring enzymes, such as halogenases and glycosyltransferases. these enzymes are important targets of protein engineering to produce new derivatives of known antibiotics. herein we show the pr ...201728065867
nanostructured zno films on stainless steel are highly safe and effective for antimicrobial applications.the safety and effectiveness of antimicrobial zno films must be established for general applications. in this study, the antimicrobial activity, skin irritation, elution behavior, and mechanical properties of nanostructured zno films on stainless steel were evaluated. zno nanoparticle (np) and zno nanowall (nw) structures were prepared with different surface roughnesses, wettability, and concentrations using an rf magnetron sputtering system. the thicknesses of zno np and zno nw were approximate ...201728064368
screening, expression, purification and functional characterization of novel antimicrobial peptide genes from hermetia illucens (l.).antimicrobial peptides from a wide spectrum of insects possess potent microbicidal properties against microbial-related diseases. in this study, seven new gene fragments of three types of antimicrobial peptides were obtained from hermetia illucens (l), and were named cecropinz1, sarcotoxin1, sarcotoxin (2a), sarcotoxin (2b), sarcotoxin3, stomoxynzh1, and stomoxynzh1(a). among these genes, a 189-basepair gene (stomoxynzh1) was cloned into the pet32a expression vector and expressed in the escheric ...201728056070
prevention of evisceration or enucleation in endogenous bacterial panophthalmitis with no light perception and scleral abscess.panophthalmitis is the most extensive ocular involvement in endophthalmitis with inflammation in periocular tissues. severe inflammation of the anterior and posterior segments is frequently accompanied by corneal opacity, scleral abscess, and perforation or rupture. enucleation or evisceration was the only remaining viable treatment option when all options to salvage the eye had been exhausted. the purpose of this retrospective study is to examine the outcomes of patients with endogenous bacteri ...201728056067
polymicrobial pneumococcal bacteraemia: a case-control study.polymicrobial bacteraemia involving streptococcus pneumoniae and other bacteria (e.g. escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenza, viridans streptococci, salmonella spp.) occurred in 3.4% of our pneumococcal bacteraemia cases. compared with 308 controls (monomicrobial bacteraemia), the 77 polymicrobial cases included more males (83 vs 62%, p = 0.001), had serious underlying diseases (100 vs 80%, p < 0.001), abdominal infection (18 vs 5%, p < 0.001), nos ...201728054228
the possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of the ethanol seed extracts of picralima nitida ((stapf) th. & h. durand).it has been established that picralima nitida has antitussive effect. this study therefore aimed at determining the possible mode of antitussive and expectorant activity of an ethanolic seed extract of p. nitida (pne). the muco-suppressant, mast cell stabilization, and the anxiolytic effects of pne were ascertained using ammonium chloride-induced phenol red secretion in balb/c mice; compound 48/80-induced mesenteric mast cell degranulation assay; and the open field and the elevated plus maze mod ...201728053900
menadione (vitamin k) enhances the antibiotic activity of drugs by cell membrane permeabilization mechanism.menadione, vitamin k3, belongs to the class of lipid-soluble vitamins and lipophilic substances as menadione cause disturbances in the bacterial membrane, resulting in damage to the fundamental elements for the integrity of the membrane, thus allowing increased permeability. accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antibiotic-modifying activity of menadione in multiresistant strains of staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli, with a gradual incre ...201728053572
presence of foodborne pathogens, extended-spectrum β-lactamase -producing enterobacteriaceae, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in slaughtered reindeer in northern finland and norway.various food-producing animals were recognized in recent years as healthy carriers of bacterial pathogens causing human illness. in northern fennoscandia, the husbandry of semi-domesticated reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus) is a traditional livelihood and meat is the main product. this study determined the presence of selected foodborne pathogens, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae in healthy semi-domestic ...201728049493
two short peptidoglycan recognition proteins from crassostrea gigas with similar structure exhibited different pamp binding activity.peptidoglycan recognition protein (pgrp) is an essential molecule in innate immunity for both invertebrates and vertebrates, owing to its prominent ability in specifically recognizing bacterial peptidoglycan (pgn) and eliminating the invading bacteria. in the present study, the full length cdna of two pgrp genes, cgpgrps2 and cgpgrps4, were cloned from oyster crassostrea gigas. their amino acid sequences both contained one signal peptide, one typical pgrp/amidase domain with conserved catalytic ...201728042081
degradation photocatalysis of tetrodotoxin as a poison by gold doped pdo nanoparticles supported on reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites and evaluation of its antibacterial activity.in this project, synthesis of pure and gold doped pdo-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites by sonochemical and deposition-precipitation process was performed and characterized using x-ray diffraction (xrd), transmission electronic microscopy (tem) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xps) and raman spectroscopy. the specific surface area of synthesized un-doped and au doped pdo-rgo nanocomposites is 83.2, 109.1m(2)g(-1) and total pore volume is 0.31, 0.40cm(3)g(-1), respectively. with tetrodot ...201728039790
embedment of silver into temperature- and ph-responsive microgel for the development of smart textiles with simultaneous moisture management and controlled antimicrobial activities.silver nanoparticles were embedded into a temperature- and ph-responsive microgel based on poly-(n-isopropylacrylamide) and chitosan (pncs) before or after its application to cotton fabric to create a smart stimuli-responsive textile with simultaneous moisture management and controlled antimicrobial activities. two different methods of silver embedment into the pncs microgel using two different forms of silver nanoparticles were studied, i.e., in-situ synthesis of agcl nanocrystals into pncs mic ...201728038745
anti-folates potentiate bactericidal effects of other antimicrobial agents.synergies between sulfonamides and other antimicrobial agents have long been reported, but the reason still remains unclear. previously, vilchèze et al. found that, sulfamethoxazole (smx) could potentiate the bacterialcidal activity of isoniazid (inh) and rifampin (rif) in mycobacterium tuberculosis. to test if this was also the case in other bacteria, the ability to potentiate bactericidal effect of rif by smx was evaluated in escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella typhimurium and ...201728074051
patterns of infections, aetiological agents and antimicrobial resistance at a tertiary care hospital in northern tanzania.to determine the causative agents of infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility at a tertiary care hospital in moshi, tanzania, to guide optimal treatment.201728072493
antibacterial activity of neat chitosan powder and flakes.this study investigates the antibacterial activity of neat chitosan powder and flakes against three different bacterial species, escherichia coli, listeria innocua and staphylococcus aureus, which are frequent causes of food spoilage. the effect of chitosan concentration and purity, as well as the influence of temperature, ionic strength (salt) and impact of a solid physical support in the medium are examined. results show that the antibacterial activity of neat chitosan: (i) requires partial so ...201728067839
antibacterial properties of nanostructured cu-tio2 surfaces for dental implants.the influence of copper derived tio2 surfaces (ncu-nt-tio2) on the death of nosocomial staphylococcus aureus (sa) and escherichia coli (ec), was investigated. tio2 nanotube (nt-tio2) arrays were fabricated by anodic oxidation of pure titanium sheets in fluorhydric solutions, leading to surface nanostructuration and creation of specific reactive sites. copper nanocubes with a mean size of 20 nm have been synthesized and deposited on the nt-tio2 surface by pulsed electrodeposition from a copper su ...201728067359
ultrashort self-assembling fmoc-peptide gelators for anti-infective biomaterial applications.biomaterial-related infections have a significant impact on society and are a major contributor to the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. current licensed antibiotic classes struggle to breakdown or penetrate the exopolysaccharide biofilm barrier, resulting in sub-therapeutic concentrations of antibiotic at the surface of the biomaterial, treatment failure and increased spread of resistant isolates. this paper focuses for the first time on the ability of ultrashort fmoc-peptide gelators ...201728066954
[spectrum of pathogens in postoperative complications of visceral surgery : the problem of multidrug resistance].in general surgery the etiology of surgical site infections has not significantly changed over the last 30 years. gram-positive bacteria, e.g. coagulase negative staphylococci (cns), staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus spp. as well as gram-negative bacteria, e.g. escherichia coli, enterobacter spp., klebsiella spp. and pseudomonas aeruginosa, are the most common findings. although in general surgery 10% of the s. aureus causing postoperative wound infections were methicillin resistant (mrsa), ...201728229205
γ-butenolide and furanone derivatives from the soil-derived fungus aspergillus sclerotiorum psu-rspg178.chromatographic separation of the broth extract of the soil-derived fungus aspergillus sclerotiorum psu-rspg178 resulted in isolation of four γ-butenolide-furanone dimers, aspersclerotiorones a-d, a furanone derivative, aspersclerotiorone e, and two γ-butenolide derivatives, aspersclerotiorones f and g, together with six known compounds, penicillic acid, dihydropenicillic acid, 5,6-dihydro-6-hydroxypenicillic acid, 6-methoxy-5,6-dihydropenicillic acid, coculnol and (4r,5r)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-methox ...201728228227
bactericidal effect of gold-chitosan nanocomposites in coculture models of pathogenic bacteria and human macrophages.the ability of pathogenic bacteria to develop resistance mechanisms to avoid the antimicrobial potential of antibiotics has become an increasing problem for the healthcare system. the search for more effective and selective antimicrobial materials, though not harmful to mammalian cells, seems imperative. herein we propose the use of gold-chitosan nanocomposites as effective bactericidal materials avoiding damage to human cells. nanocomposites were obtained by taking advantage of the reductive an ...201728225263
surveillance of omadacycline activity tested against clinical isolates from a global (north america, europe, latin america and asia-western pacific) collection (2010-2011).omadacycline is a broad spectrum aminomethylcycline in late-stage clinical development for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia as both an oral and intravenous, once-daily formulation. in this report omadacycline and comparators were tested against 69,246 non-duplicate bacterial isolates collected prospectively during 2010 and 2011 from medical centers in asia-pacific (11,397 isolates), europe (23,490 isolates), latin america (8,038 isolates) and no ...201728223386
biosynthesis, characterization, and bioactivities evaluation of silver and gold nanoparticles mediated by the roots of chinese herbal angelica pubescens maxim.a facile synthesis and biological applications of silver (dh-agnps) and gold nanoparticles (dh-aunps) mediated by the aqueous extract of angelicae pubescentis radix (du huo) are explored. du huo is a medicinal root belonging to angelica pubescens maxim which possesses anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties. the absorption spectra of nanoparticles in varying root extract and metal ion concentration, ph, reaction temperatures, and time were recorded by ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis ...201728097599
colorimetric detection of staphylococcus aureus contaminated solutions without purification.current water quality monitoring methods rely on growth-based measurements to detect fecal indicator bacteria, such as escherichia coli and enterococci, and staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus). these growth-based measurements, however, can take days to complete. this is a significant limitation in the evaluation of contaminated food and water sources. various methods for selective in vitro detection of s. aureus have also been reported; however, these strategies, such as elisa, agar-diffusion, pcr ...201728095683
molecular docking, discovery, synthesis, and pharmacological properties of new 6-substituted-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline derivatives; an approach to developing potent dna gyrase inhibitors/antibacterial agents.synthesis and molecular validation of 6-substituted-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-4-phenylquinoline derivatives (4a-h) as antibacterial/dna gyrase inhibitors reported. primarily, 6-substituted-2-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-4-phenylquinoline derivatives were docked into the active sites of dna gyrase a&b, to ensure the binding mode of the compounds, and the results were superior on dna gyrase a over dna gyrase b. based on this, s. aureus dna gyrase a assay was proposed and executed. most prominent dna gyrase inhibit ...201728094220
can maldi-tof mass spectrometry reasonably type bacteria?bacterial typing is crucial to tackle the spread of bacterial pathogens but current methods are time-consuming and costly. matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has been recently integrated into the microbiology laboratory workflow for a quick and low-cost microbial species identification. independent research groups have successfully redirected the original function of this technology from their primary purpose to discriminate subgroups with ...201728094091
recommendations for best disinfectant practices to reduce the spread of infection via wrestling mats.at the request of the national wrestling coaches association and the head wrestling coach at our university, we conducted a study of infection transmission in collegiate wrestlers.201728092165
antimicrobial peptide gene cecropin-2 and defensin respond to peptidoglycan infection in the female adult of oriental fruit fly, bactrocera dorsalis (hendel).cecropins and defensins are important antimicrobial peptides in insects and are inducible after injection of immune triggers. in this study, we cloned the cdnas of two antimicrobial peptides (amps), cecropin-2 (bdcec-2) and defensin (bddef) from bactrocera dorsalis (hendel), a serious pest causing great economic losses to fruits and vegetables. the bdcec-2 sequence of 192bp encodes a protein of 63 amino acids residues with a predicted molecular weight of 6.78kd. the 282bp cdna of bddef encodes a ...201728089733
highly sensitive label-free dual sensor array for rapid detection of wound bacteria.wound infections are a critical healthcare concern worldwide. rapid and effective antibiotic treatments that can mitigate infection severity and prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance are contingent upon timely infection detection. in this work, dual electrochemical ph and cell-attachment sensor arrays were developed for the real-time spatial and temporal monitoring of potential wound infections. biocompatible polymeric device coatings were integrated to stabilize the sensors and promote ba ...201727839736
antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility of chitooligosaccharide-modified polyurethane membrane via polydopamine adhesive layer.the aim of this study was to provide a convenient surface modification method for polyurethane (pu) membrane and evaluate its influence on hydrophilicity, antibacterial activity and cell functions, which are the most important factors for wound dressings. for this purpose, chitooligosaccharide (cos) was modified onto the surface of pu membrane based on the self-polymerization of dopamine (dopa). surface composition, morphology, hydrophilicity and surface energy of the original and modified pu me ...201727842818
concordance of renal stone culture: pmuc, rpuc, rsc and post-pcnl sepsis-a non-randomized prospective observation cohort study.between 5 and 10% of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (pcnl) develop postoperative sepsis 1, 2. strategies to prevent infectious complications are based on information provided by preoperative midstream urine cultures (pmuc). the aim of this study is to evaluate the concordance of the microbiologic findings of pmuc, cultures of the renal stone (rsc) and urine obtained directly from the renal pelvis (rpuc) in patients undergoing pcnl.201727848063
[migration speed of uropathogens : determination in the ureteral splint in a practice-like in vitro model].a urostomy with an ileum conduit or a skin fistula leads to a high infection risk for the kidneys and the ureter of the patient. therefore, the prevention of retrograde colonization of the artificial drain (splint) with e. g. contaminated urine is the most important objective of infection prevention measurements. we performed an in vitro experiment to determine the migration speed of clinically relevant bacteria in a commercially available splint catheter system.201727847969
combined effect of cellulose nanocrystal and reduced graphene oxide into poly-lactic acid matrix nanocomposite as a scaffold and its anti-bacterial activity.in the present study, cellulose nanocrystals (cncs) and reduced graphene oxide (rgo) were successfully synthesized via acid hydrolysis and modified hummer's method, respectively. further, the synthesized cncs and rgo were incorporated into poly-lactic acid (pla) matrix using solution casting method utilizing different weight (wt.) % of cncs (nanofiller) and rgo. the successful synthesis of various nanoformulations were confirmed by several characterization techniques including transmission elect ...201727856322
biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles by the extreme bacterium deinococcus radiodurans and an evaluation of their antibacterial properties.deinococcus radiodurans is an extreme bacterium known for its high resistance to stresses including radiation and oxidants. the ability of d. radiodurans to reduce au(iii) and biosynthesize gold nanoparticles (aunps) was investigated in aqueous solution by ultraviolet and visible (uv/vis) absorption spectroscopy, electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (xrd), dynamic light scattering (dls), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xps). d. radiodurans e ...201727877039
polysaccharide of caper (capparis spinosa l.) leaf: extraction optimization, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity.three-variable-three-level box-behnken design-response surface methodology (bbd-rsm) based on the single-factor experiments was used to optimize the extracting parameters of crude polysaccharides (cpss) from the capparis spinosa leaves (csl) including extraction time (eti, 60-120min), extraction temperature (ete, 60-80°c), and the water/solid ratio (w/s, 6-16). the optimal process conditions in order to the highest yield (6.73%) of csl-cpss were 119.8min eti, 72.84°c ete, and 15.97:1w/s.structur ...201727865953
quercetin impregnated chitosan-fibrin composite scaffolds as potential wound dressing materials - fabrication, characterization and in vivo analysis.the present study efforts at fabricating chitosan-fibrin composite (cf) scaffolds impregnated with quercetin for wound dressing application and aims at investigating their physicochemical properties. cf scaffolds were prepared by mixing acidic solution of chitosan with an alkaline solution of fibrin, to which quercetin (q) was added, homogenized and lyophilized obtain q-cf scaffold. ftir spectra were used to determine the interactions between the functional groups of quercetin and cf scaffolds. ...201727864063
evolutionary adaptation of the essential trna methyltransferase trmd to the signaling molecule 3',5'-camp in bacteria.the nucleotide signaling molecule 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (3',5'-camp) plays important physiological roles, ranging from carbon catabolite repression in bacteria to mediating the action of hormones in higher eukaryotes, including human. however, it remains unclear whether 3',5'-camp is universally present in the firmicutes group of bacteria. we hypothesized that searching for proteins that bind 3',5'-camp might provide new insight into this question. accordingly, we performed a geno ...201727881678
metagenomics of two severe foodborne outbreaks provides diagnostic signatures and signs of coinfection not attainable by traditional methods.diagnostic testing for foodborne pathogens relies on culture-based techniques that are not rapid enough for real-time disease surveillance and do not give a quantitative picture of pathogen abundance or the response of the natural microbiome. powerful sequence-based culture-independent approaches, such as shotgun metagenomics, could sidestep these limitations and potentially reveal a pathogen-specific signature on the microbiome that would have implications not only for diagnostics but also for ...201727881416
recombinant staphylococcal enterotoxin type a stimulate antitumoral cytokines.about 20 different types of staphylococcal enterotoxins are produced by staphylococcus aureus, in which type a is more common in food poisoning syndrome. also staphylococcal enterotoxin a superantigen is a potent inducer of cytotoxic t lymphocyte activity and cytokine production and could stimulate t cells containing t-cell receptor beta chain domains when binding to major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules. hence, it is an important reagent in cancer immunotherapy.201727884943
antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antibacterial activities of stachys guyoniana and mentha aquatica.stachys guyoniana noë ex. batt. and mentha aquatica l. are two algerian lamiaceae used in folk medicine.201727927090
same-day identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing on positive blood cultures: a simple and inexpensive procedure.fast diagnostic tools are becoming a hot topic in microbiology, especially in the case of septic patients. therefore, we attempted to develop a fast, inexpensive, accurate and easy method to identify bacteria and perform an antibiotic susceptibility test directly on positive blood cultures that could be used in a routine laboratory. a procedure based on centrifugation and washing steps was performed on 110 non-duplicated (including nine seeded) positive blood culture bottles. direct identificati ...201727889878
tailoring shape and size of biogenic silver nanoparticles to enhance antimicrobial efficacy against mdr bacteria.spherical, rectangular, penta, and hexagonal silver nanoparticles of different dimensions were biosynthesized in an eco-friendly manner by biocontrol agent, trichoderma viride by manipulating physical parameters, ph, temperature, and reaction time. the particles were characterized by uv-vis spectroscopy; dynamic light scattering (dls), transmission electron microscopy (tem) and fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (ftir). shape and size dependent antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles again ...201727889528
purification and characterization of an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory polypeptide from arca subcrenata.a polypeptide coded as pgc was isolated from arca subcrenata muscle using ion exchange, sephadex g-50 gel chromatography and rp-hplc. pgc was identified to be a homogeneous compound by native-page and the purity was more than 98.9% measured by hplc. the isoelectric point of pgc was determined to be 9.76 by ief-page. the molecular weight was determined to be 15,973.0da by esi-ms/ms. the conformational structure of pgc was characterized by uv-vis, ft-ir and cd spectroscopy. n terminal amino acid s ...201727889340
acute rhinosinusitis during hajj season 2014: prevalence of bacterial infection and patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility.the presence of large number of pilgrims during hajj in makkah region increases the risk of respiratory diseases. in this study, we aimed to assess the bacteriology of acute rhinosinusitis (ars) during hajj season and to demonstrate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns that should guide the clinicians towards more appropriate antibiotic use.201727888123
fabrication of silver nanowires-loaded polydimethylsiloxane film with antimicrobial activities and cell compatibility.microbial contamination on various surfaces is one of the greatest health problems worldwide, afflicting millions of peoples annually. given the advantages of silver nanowires (agnws) in forming a percolated network when fabricated into a film, there is significant interest in developing agnws loaded polymeric coatings for antimicrobial applications. in this work, agnws with high aspect ratio are drop-coated onto a silicon wafer to form a uniform interconnected network. the agnw network is then ...201727772700
covalently antibacterial alginate-chitosan hydrogel dressing integrated gelatin microspheres containing tetracycline hydrochloride for wound healing.an antibacterial and biodegradable composite hydrogel dressing integrated with microspheres is developed for drug delivery and wound healing. the mechanism of gelation is attributed to the schiff-base reaction between aldehyde and amino groups of oxidized alginate (oalg) and carboxymethyl chitosan (cmcs). to enhance antibacterial and mechanical properties, tetracycline hydrochloride (th) loaded gelatin microspheres (gms) were fabricated by an emulsion cross-linking method, followed by integratin ...201727770893
staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli dual-species biofilms on nanohydroxyapatite loaded with chx or zno nanoparticles.implant-associated infections are caused by surface-adhering microorganisms persisting as biofilms, resistant to host defense and antimicrobial agents. given the limited efficacy of traditional antibiotics, novel strategies may rely on the prevention of such infections through the design of new biomaterials. in this work, two antimicrobial agents applied to nanohydroxyapatite materials-namely, chlorhexidine digluconate (chx) and zinc oxide (zno) nanoparticles-were compared concerning their abili ...201727706907
controlled release and long-term antibacterial activity of reduced graphene oxide/quaternary ammonium salt nanocomposites prepared by non-covalent modification.in order to control the long-term antibacterial property of quaternary ammonium salts, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (rgo-1227) and rgo-bromohexadecyl pyridine (rgo-cpb) were self-assembled on surfaces of reduced graphene oxide (rgo) via π-π interactions. the obtained rgo-1227 and rgo-cpb nanocompounds were characterized by x-ray diffraction (xrd), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir), thermogravimetric analysis (tga), field emission scanning electron microscopy (fesem), an ...201727792981
fabrication and characterization of pva/gum tragacanth/pcl hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds for skin substitutes.in this work three dimensional biodegradable nanofiberous scaffolds containing poly(ε-caprolactone) (pcl), poly(vinyl alcohol) (pva) and gum tragacanth (gt) were successfully fabricated through two nozzles electrospinning process. for this purpose, pva/gt blend (blend: b) solution (60:40wt%) was injected from one syringe and poly(ε-caprolactone) solution from the other one. presence of pva and pcl in the formulation improved the electrospinning process of gt solution and mechanical properties of ...201727777080
use of plantago major seed mucilage as a novel edible coating incorporated with anethum graveolens essential oil on shelf life extension of beef in refrigerated storage.in this study, plantago major seed mucilage (pmsm) was extracted from whole seeds using hot-water extraction (hwe). the dill (d) essential oil components were identified through gas chromatography (gc) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms) and its antioxidant properties were examined through the methods of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (frap) and ß-carotene-linoleic acid assay (b-cl). total phenolic content (tpc) was characterized through ...201727771410
recombinant expression, purification and antimicrobial activity of a novel antimicrobial peptide padef in pichia pastoris.the antimicrobial peptide padef was isolated from mexican avocado fruit and was reported to inhibit the growth of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in 2013. in this study, an n-terminal 6 × his tagged recombinant padef (rpadef) with a molecular weight of 7.5 kda, for the first time, was expressed as a secreted peptide in pichia pastoris. the optimal culture condition for rpadef expression was determined to be incubation with 1.5% methanol for 72 h at 28 °c under ph 6.0. under this condi ...201727742254
isolation and partial characterization of 3 nontoxic d-galactose-specific isolectins from seeds of momordica balsamina.three isolectins denoted hereforth mbal-30, mbal-60, and mbal-80 were isolated from seeds extract of momordica balsamina by 30%, 60%, and 80% ammonium sulfate saturations, respectively. the native molecular weights of these lectins, as judged by gel filtration, were 108, 56, and 160 kda, respectively. on sds-page, under reduced condition, 27 kda band was obtained for all isolectins. the lectins hemagglutinating activities were variably inhibited by d-galactose (minimum inhibitory concentrations  ...201727774692
antibacterial and antifouling properties of a polyurethane surface modified with perfluoroalkyl and silver nanoparticles.inspired by mussel-adhesion phenomena in nature, a simple, mild surface modification process was elaborated to endow the polyurethane (pu) substrate with antibacterial/antifouling properties. in the present study, polydopamine was coated directly onto polyurethane surfaces. agno3 was then added and absorbed onto the surface by the active catechol and amine groups of the polydopamine coating. meanwhile, the adsorbed ag(+) ions were reduced in situ into metallic silver nanoparticles by the "bridge ...201727737518
preparation of melamine sponge decorated with silver nanoparticles-modified graphene for water disinfection.this paper reports the fabrication of melamine sponge decorated with silver nanoparticles-modified graphene (g/agnps-ms) for water disinfection. the g/agnps-ms composites with the high porosity and elasticity were used in an antibacterial process in which the composite was first immersed in bacterial suspension, and subsequently squeezed via hand compression. g/agnps-ms exhibited more excellent bactericidal activity against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus bacteria compared with melami ...201727821337
immune response after an experimental intramammary challenge with killed staphylococcus aureus in cows and heifers vaccinated and not vaccinated with startvac, a polyvalent mastitis vaccine.an experimental trial was conducted to explore the effect of vaccination with a polyvalent vaccine against mastitis (startvac) on the early immune response after experimental intramammary challenge with a heterologous killed staphylococcus aureus strain. the effect of vaccination on milk production, clinical signs, quarter milk somatic cell count, milk polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocyte (pmn) concentration and viability, the concentration of antigen-specific antibodies [slime associated an ...201727816241
the ω subunit governs rna polymerase stability and transcriptional specificity in staphylococcus aureus.staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes infection in a wide variety of sites within the human body. its ability to adapt to the human host and to produce a successful infection requires precise orchestration of gene expression. while dna-dependent rna polymerase (rnap) is generally well characterized, the roles of several small accessory subunits within the complex have yet to be fully explored. this is particularly true for the omega (ω or rpoz) subunit, which has been exten ...201727799328
layer-by-layer thin films for co-delivery of tgf-β sirna and epidermal growth factor to improve excisional wound healing.the major challenge with treatment of dermal wounds is accelerating healing process, while preventing the scar formation. herein, we have fabricated layer-by-layer (lbl) polyelectrolyte multilayer films containing epidermal growth factor (egf) and tgf-β sirna to improve excisional wound healing and decrease scar formation. the chitosan and sodium alginate lbl thin films showed 13.0 mpa tensile strength and 2.22 n/cm(2) skin adhesion strength. the lbl thin films were found to be cytocompatible, w ...201727350274
bacterial assessment of food handlers in sari city, mazandaran province, north of iran.food handlers with poor personal hygiene could be potential sources of infection due to pathogenic bacteria. this study was designed to determine the prevalence of bacterial infestation among the food handlers attending the public health center laboratory in sari, northern iran for annual check-up. this study was performed from september 2013 to august 2014. stool samples, fingernail specimens of both hands and nasal swabs were collected from 220 male and female food handlers of different jobs, ...201727435639
sodium alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose films containing pyrogallic acid: physical and antibacterial properties.antibacterial films were prepared using sodium alginate (sa) and carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc) as a matrix, glycerin as a plasticizer and cacl2 as a cross-linking agent, and by incorporating the natural antibacterial agent pyrogallic acid (pa). the present study describes the microstructure and the physical, barrier, mechanical, optical and antibacterial properties of blended films prepared by incorporating different concentrations of pa into the sa/cmc matrix.201727328858
simultaneous occurrence of mrsa and esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae on pig farms and in nasal and stool samples from farmers.methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) producing enterobacteria (esbl-e) have emerged in livestock. this study prospectively investigates the prevalence of mrsa and esbl-e on pig farms and in nasal and stool samples from farmers and compares molecular characteristics of these esbl-e isolates. in 2014, samples were derived at 51 pig farms in germany. per farm, five dust and five fecal samples were collected; one nasal and one stool sample were ...201727328620
persister formation in staphylococcus aureus is associated with atp depletion.persisters are dormant phenotypic variants of bacterial cells that are tolerant to killing by antibiotics(1). persisters are associated with chronic infections and antibiotic treatment failure(1-3). in escherichia coli, toxin/antitoxin (ta) modules have been linked to persister formation(4-6). the mechanism of persister formation in gram-positive bacteria is unknown. staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen, responsible for a variety of chronic and relapsing infections such as osteomyelit ...201727398229
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